Grinding drum on wood. Drum grinding machine with their own hands. How to make a grinding machine with your own hands

Each person who had to deal with wood processing, knows the importance of final grinding of the finished product.

This also applies to the holds of various agricultural equipment, and wooden furniture, and building elements (doors, windows, windowsill) and any other wood products. Grinding allows you to remove burstles, as well as betray the wood smoothness and shine.

Of course, grinding works can be performed using a conventional slicing of sandpaper or special nozzles On a drill or corner grinding. But it takes a lot of time and does not ensure the ideality of the shape of the product. Therefore, various grinding machines were created for such purposes.

Most often in domestic conditions and in conditions small production Used drum grinding machine, the device, the principle of operation and the possibility of manufacturing which we will consider in this publication.

1 Drum grinder - device, principle of operation

The drum grinding machine received its name from the rotating cylinder - the drum, which, in fact, performs the function of grinding.

In addition to the grinding itself, allowing to remove the bursavires and give the wooden surface the perfect smoothness, such devices also perform the calibration function. Grinding machine drum or any other type allows you to fit a wooden part under specifications up to a millimeter.

This machine is used for finishing grinding and calibration of flat and long products from wood, such as shield surfaces from wood, chipboard, fiberboard and other things, doors, window sills, and so on. The use of such a device for processing cylindrical parts is not possible.

1.1 Main components

The drum grinding machine in appearance and the set of major components does not have fundamental differences from any other machines.

The basic package of such a device includes the following elements:

The bed is part of any machine to which all other elements are attached.
The engine performs the function of actuating the moving parts of the machine. Most often, drum grinders on a tree are equipped with two engines. One rotates the drum itself on the principle of drill, the second leads to move the feed ribbon.
Grinding planer drum on which wounds and attached emery ribbon. It is necessarily equipped with a tensioning mechanism, with the help of which, when heated, the tape produces its automatic tension. The rotating drum with grinding ribbon directly gives the smoothness of the product from the tree.
The feed drum with the conveyor belt. This part of the machine on the tree produces independent wiring wooden products By grinding drum. Thanks smooth surface The conveyor and the same distance from the tape to the drum throughout its plane, the product is evenly adjusted for the desired dimensions.
The mechanism regulating the speed of the conveyor belt.
Fixing racks of grinding drum equipped with a ruler. Line and screw fixation on racks allow you to set needed thickness, Under which the product should be adjacent.
The protective cover covers the grinding drum to prevent injuries in the process of work.
Machine for removing dust and chips.

1.2 Principle of work

Such a grinding machine works on a drill principle. Its grinding part rotates the engine on high speed - On average, 2000 revolutions per minute.

The grinding machine can have a different weight, different sizes, the length of the grinding drum, the length and width of the conveyor belt, the maximum and minimum height of the installation of the drum, etc.

The choice of technical parameters of the device depends on the functions for which it is purchased.

After installing the machine, you need to calibrate the grinding drum to avoid eccentric rotation and unnecessary vibrations. In addition, not a centered drum will not be able to smoothly clean the products.

To do this, we take two vehicles of the same height, install them on the feed ribbon, omit the drum on them and fix in that position. Next, set the height of the mechanism, depending on the size of the grinded part.

Turn on the installation. For the first pass it is better to establish the minimum speed of the feed ribbon, For the final - maximum - 3 meters per minute.

The grinding drum should be rotated, on the principle of drill. After that put it wooden bar.To be processed, on the conveyor belt. The passage of a bar under the drum occurs automatically.

We repeat this action the required number of times until our item comes to fit form And does not acquire the specified sizes.

If the sides of the product have different size, the height of the drum must be adjusted for each change of parameters.

2 varieties of machines

If we talk about grinding machines in general, their classification is made on the basis of two parameters: scope and functions performed.

The scope of the machine is:

round sloping machines. Designed for processing parts having a circular section;
flatShelipoval. Their task is grinding flat details. The drummer belongs to this type;
intrahelifing. With the help of such mechanisms, the internal surfaces of the product are processed. For this purpose, drills are often used;
specialized. Designed for the processing of complex surfaces - threads, grooves, teeth, and so on.

Different Machines can perform different functions:

trimming and stripping;
sharpening;
grinding.

2.1 Make a drum machine with your own hands

The drum grinding machine on the untreated wood is difficult to make it difficult, but it is quite possible.

To do this, take a list of necessary items and looking for suitable material and spare parts.

And so, we will need:

Stanna. For these purposes, any steady workbench or table to which you can fasten other machine items. Better if the window is metallic. If you have to use a wooden design, it needs to be highly strengthened with your own hands.
Electric motor with a capacity of 200-300 W. The frequency of revolutions should be 1,500-2000 revolutions per minute. Better if it is single-phase asynchronous engine. For these purposes, the mechanism from the old washing machine (In this case, take from her and pulleys with a belt), drill, grinder, etc.
Grinding drum on wood. This is perhaps the most important and most complex part of the machine, From which the quality of the work performed will depend. About how and from what to make a homemade grinding drum is exactly your own hands, we will talk later.
Racks for the drum. The device fixing the drum and its adjusting height can be made of wooden bars. The mechanism regulating the height can be made with your own hands in two versions. The first option is through holes on the racks through which the drum will be attached. This option is simple, but it allows you to work only with a fixed adjustment step about 1 cm. The second option is the long screws installed perpendicular to the drum. In this case, pressing the screws we will be able to raise the grinding device, releasing - omit. In the second embodiment, the height adjustment is possible with an accuracy of a millimeter.

We will not make a conveyor tape with your own hands. This is possible, but this is not necessary. Feed by homemade machines, as a rule, is carried out manually.

2.2 Making a drum

Before proceeding to the manufacture of the drum itself, you need to clearly understand what functions our car will perform. The fact is that than less size The cylinder is the easier and faster it will rotate the engine from the drill.

For the manufacture of grinding drum, we will need a piece of anything, which has a cylindrical shape, the desired length and diameter. It can be a wooden bar with round cross section, PVC pipe, metal pipe and much more.

We will look at the material PVC pipe for making drums with your own hands.

We take the desired cut plastic pipe. We also need a metal pin that performs the role of axis, wooden or plastic plugs that match the diameter with inner diameter Pipes, selflessness, rubber, glue.
We take the plugs and make holes in them corresponding to the diameter of the rod thickness.
Holes in the plugs should be strictly in the center. The slightest eccentricity of the drum will lead to the wrong operation of the machine.
Tightly plant plugs in the pipe and fix with screws.
Insert the pin into the holes in the plugs. The axis should protrude from the cylinder by 2-3 cm on each side. It is she who will perform the role of attachment to adjusting racks.
On the drum glue rubber. To her it will be easier to mount the grinding tape.

2.3 Collect the machine

To collect the machine you need:

Install racks on the bed.
Attach the drum to them so that the height of its lift can be adjusted.
Connect the engine to the drum using a belt or chain drive.
You can proceed to work.

2.4 Homemade drum grinding machine (video)

This instruction will show in detail how to make homemade grinding drums for drilling machine. Drums can be done different diameters, from different size Emery paper. The result of simple manipulations can be a decent set of grinding drums, which will allow you to easily perform any finishing work.

Materials

Wood;
steel rod or bolt;
washers and nuts;
sandpaper;
carpentry glue;
pVA glue;
ring drills;
gum.

Step 1. To begin with, it is necessary to determine the diameter of the grinding drum. From this and repel, choosing a ring drill for further work.

Step 2.. Ring drill, cut out from the board 5 round blanks. Their number can be varied, which depends on the height of the board itself and from the height of the drum.

Step 3.. Finished wooden circles fold one on another, missing the touching surfaces of PVA glue. Do not take too much glue. The resulting bar, with not yet glued surfaces heal in vice. Check that no circle be shed out of the row. Tightly clamp the workpiece of the drum and leave in the vice until the glue is completely drying. PVA glue strength is quite enough for this stage, as in the future the rings of the drum will be attached using a bolt.

Step 4.. Ready wooden drums must be seized. Note that the smaller the size of the drum, the more carefully there should be processing. Passing the drums, be sure to remove all the dust from their surface, which remained after grinding.

Step 5.. Drums drill by choosing a drill to the size of the existing rod or bolt. After that, insert the bolt into the resulting opening and secure it with washers and nuts.

Step 6.. Now it has arrived a turn of the final stage. Once again, cleaned the surface of the drums, cover it with joinery glue. Cut the piece of sandpaper, and the joint into the joint is glued to the surface covered with glue. Tightly press the paper to the drum with your hands, smooth and fix the entire design with rubber bands.

During the manufacture wooden structures in obligatory It is necessary to clean their surface. Manual work will take a lot of time and will not be productive. Factory grinding centers have a high cost. Therefore, in some cases it is more expedient to make the machine with their own hands.

Design of drummer

Manufacturing should be started with the study of the design features of this type of equipment. Drum-type grinding machine is designed for processing wooden surfaces, their leveling and removal of burr.

The device belongs to the form of plane oxyl tube wood machines that perform the calibration function. There are many models and types of equipment. But the main task Before making an aggregate with your own hands is the choice optimal design. Optimal option It is a detailed acquaintance with factory analogues and drawing up a manufacturing scheme based on the data obtained.

Structurally, the machine should consist of the following components:

case. The main parts of the equipment are attached to it;
power unit. Most often, an asynchronous electric motor is installed for this;
grinding drum. It is important to choose its diameter correctly, the way of removing the shavings. With your own hands, you can make the basis for which the sandpaper is installed. Either to order a cylindrical head with a cutting edge from a professional toctor. It all depends on the type of work;
device to change the engine shaft operation frequency;
desktop. It will be located workpiece. Experts are recommended in the manufacture of the machine with their own hands this component from the glassstolite;

Additionally, in drum grinding equipment, it is possible to provide a mechanism for removing dust and chips from the processing zone. It is also recommended to do the desktop with changeable height Regarding the worker drum. This will allow you to handle a part of the end of the wooden billet.

If the grinding of the outer or inner plane of the board is necessary - the drum should be placed horizontally. At the same time, it is possible to adjust its height adjustment.

Types of grinding drum machines

The next step is the choice of the design of the tree of the tree. The main parameter is the form of a wooden blank and the degree of processing. Homemade equipment Drum type is intended for forming smooth and smooth surfaces with a small area.

Special processing centers are needed for factory production lines. They have a complex functional, can simultaneously perform several operations. However, their main disadvantage is the high cost. Therefore, they are inappropriate as home equipment.

The following types of processing centers are exist:

flatShelipoval. Processing is performed in the same plane. Can be used as an example for self-making;
circular sloping. Designed for processing cylindrical surfaces. For this, the configuration provides several nozzles with different diameters;
planetary. With their help, there is a flat plane on the products of a large area.

For a complete set of a small home workshop, the plane oarsal models are most often chosen. They are distinguished by a simple design, accessibility of components and relatively rapid production.

In addition to the leveling with drumming grinding machines, you can remove the paint or varnish layer. They are used for restoration old furniture or wooden interior details do it yourself.

Independent manufacture of grinding machine

SAMI simple model The machine is your own hands, which is mounted on the bed. Grinding cylinders are pulled out of wood and sandpaper with the required grain rate is mounted on their surface.

But such a design has a small functionality. For medium-sized processing, it is recommended to make equipment on a tree on another principle. First of all, it is necessary to correctly choose the power unit. Most often apply an electric motor with a capacity of up to 2 kW and speed of revolutions to 1500 rpm. These requirements are the asynchronous models that can be taken from old household appliances - washing machine or vacuum cleaner.

The procedure for making a homemade machine.

Case. It must be sufficiently stable. Therefore, it is made of sheet steel with a thickness of 1.5 mm and more. Alternatively, it is possible to consider plexiglas with a thickness of 10 mm.
The engine is installed in such a way that the shaft is in the vertical plane.
Drum for processing. If only grinding works are planned - an abrasive tape is installed on it. For deeper processing, it will be necessary to make a steel cone with cutting edge.
Desktop. It is located at the top of the scheme. It is recommended to make it adjustable relative to the fixed cylinder.
Control block. In the structures made by their own hands, rarely provide for the possibility of adjusting the speed of rotation of the engine. Therefore, the block will consist of the buttons on and off the unit.

Homemade Machine

Grinding of various wooden parts - the need for each wishes to make repairs in his home, or own hands Create some decor element.

Of course, you can also polish small details and ordinary sandpaper, but to cope with a large amount of work, you should change the emery on the grinding machine. It will help to significantly save time and will quickly lead the item to the corresponding view. One of those useful devices It is a drum grinding machine.

Classification and structure

Grinding devices of drum type belong to the calibration class machines. Such a grinding machine is most often used to work on a tree, but they can also be treated with other materials.

Cylindrical grinding wheel (drum) allows you to calibrate boards and rails of different lengths and configurations. The billet can also be made of different materials: Chipboard, veneer, etc.

The structure of the grinding machine:

Cylindrical grinding drum.
Device for feeding.
Dusty device.
Working surface.
Drum speed converter.
Engine, which drives a grinding cylinder.
Stanna for fastening the key nodes of the machine.
Drum height regulator.
Device to protect the operator.

The main elements of the structure are listed here. drum Machine. Depending on the specific model of the device and the specifics of its destination, the configuration can change a little.

Basic models of devices

Drum type machines can be purchased in ready-to-use form. There are several most popular and common brands for the production of these devices. It makes sense to present individual models.

JET company. The American firm specializes in the production of modern machines most different types, including drums. In the line of its goods there are several grinding machines with a cylindrical form of the working circle.

JET DDS-225. This machine is one of the most powerful devices of this type in the manufacturer's lineup. It is used both in domestic workshops and in small industries. Feature - Double grinding drum. The cost of this machine is appropriate - from 150,000 rubles.
Jet 10-20 Plus. A compact grinding device that allows you to handle up to 50 centimeters of surfaces. Perfectly suitable for small homemade workshops. The cost does not exceed 25 thousand rubles.
JET 16-23 Plus. It is considered one of the most universal machines of its type. It is used for processing building materials, kitchen devices and even musical instruments. Most often, such a machine is used in small facilities for the production of furniture.

Corvette 57. Chinese production machine that is distinguished pretty high quality assembly and wide functionality. The machine is designed for grinding the flat surfaces of wooden blanks and cutting parts to the required dimensions. The machine is characterized by a rather democratic price - 24 thousand rubles.

Besides these machines, there are not good options from german manufacturers. It is worth noting that depending on the price, german companies They offer the corresponding sets of opportunities for their devices. Minimum amountFor which you can buy a grinding machine in the basic configuration - 15-16 thousand rubles.

Video: step-by-step manufacture Drum grinding machine.

How to make a grinding machine with your own hands?

If it is not possible to lay out a sufficient round sum for decent option Drum grinding machine, then you should try to make it on your own. For a person who works well in the mechanics is not too complicated. In addition, so you will be able to save considerable money resources.

In order to assemble the drum grinding machine at home, you must get the following parts:

Grinding drum. Cylindrical form The device can be created on the basis of "garbage" building materials. To this end, smooth pieces of wooden bars often use, which are evenly attached to a special metal axis with glue. At the same time, special attention should be paid to the density of the adjacent of these bars to each other. Also, the drum can be made on the basis of a polyvinyl chloride tube with a diameter of up to 10 cm, which dresses on an iron rod with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm. It should be a little shorter of the rod itself. In the ends of the pipe insert special plugs with holes for the rod. We recommend plugs to fix with screws. We do and fix the rod. We wind the tight layer of rubber on the pipe, to which sandpaper will be mounted.
Engine. It is best to use a working engine from an old washing machine (like pullees, belts, etc.). The optimal power of the motor should be from 200 to 300 W. It is desirable that the engine is also asynchronous and single-phase. Rollover level - 2000-3000.
Case. By design, it should be simple and comfortable. It is best that the casing of the machine consists of two side panels, struts and the table itself. Special attention should be paid to the strength and rigidity of the desktop, which should not be deformed when pressed by the processed billet on the drum. The desktop should consist of the base and moving part.

After the main parts of the machine will be collected separately, you can start final assembly Total apparatus. First of all, you should attach the engine to the bottom of the machine housing in place before drilled holes. The grinding drum is installed in the upper part of the case and are attached to two bearings, which are located on the side walls of the housing.

Then on the drum and the motor secure special pulleys and stretch the drive belt. After all the necessary preparations with electrical pipelines, screw the desktop with special bolts that will keep it on required level. Specialists are persistently recommended to mount on the machine also a protective casing.

It is worth noting that independent creation The drum grinding machine either does not cost without certain costs. First of all, it concerns your time, but the machine will cost you cheaper than the factory, only if you have a working engine. Without the engine and certain skills, create a cheap analogue of the branded machine is almost impossible.

Everyone who did construction work, repair, restoration of old doors, windows, windowsill, etc., necessarily faced with the need for working surface It was even, smooth and sliding. We used to take in hand emery paperIf the surface was large, then the sandpaper was strengthened on a wooden trowel and, stupid by tremendous patience, the monotonous-monotonous work began - grinding. Now to help professionals and lovers have created a lot of devices, so-called grinding machines and machines. Using them for certain grinding operations, we facilitate the process of manual labor, shifting part simple features on the car. Today we will talk about grinding machines that are used to process wooden products.

Purpose, classification and scope of grinding machines

Grinding machines serve to reduce the roughness of the surface of the processed parts, as well as the preparation of accurate sizes. Usually grinding is the final stage of processing pre-prepared parts.

When working on grinding machines, grinding materials and tools are used.

Grinding materials - special powders, pastes, grinding skins.

TO grinding tools These are cutting, polishing and grinding, circles, bars and segments.

Depending on the purpose of the machine, the machines are divided into several types:

Round-grinding;

Intraslipheal;

Plane oxylipal;

Specialized grinding machines.

The classification of machines are based on the following signs:

View of the surface of the surface (inner or outer, cylindrical or flat);

The type of details that this machine can handle (cylinders, shafts, rollers, rails, etc.);

Constructive features of machine tools (powerful, planetary, two-way);

Features of the elements of the processed parts (slots, threads, profiles, etc.).

The area in which grinding machines are used is very wide. The latest achievements in machine-tooling, as well as the production of parts by casting, stamping, rolling, turning, and joinery, make it possible to use instead of turning and milling machines (horizontal boring machines) grinding machines. Now grinding machines can perform the following operations:

Cut and rubbing billets;

Accurate treatment of various planes, teeth wheels, rotational surfaces, etc.;

Sharpening tools.

Drum grinding machine: purpose and basic elements

Drum grinding machine applies to look at the plane grinding, in the class - to the calibration. The main tool of the machine is the grinding wheel, which is made here in the form of a cylinder (drum). Usually such a machine is used to work on a tree. With its help, it is very convenient to grind and calibrate boards, rails and other flat and long wooden detailslike shield surfaces from chipboard, MDF, array, veneer, etc.

The main elements of the drum type grinding machine are:

The bed, on which all the nodes and parts of the machine are strengthened;

Motor, ensuring the rotation of the grinding and feed drums;

Grinding drum;

Mechanism providing a change in the rotational speed of the feed drum

Desktop;

Drum;

Protective casing;

Adaptation for dusting;

The mechanism for changing the height of the grinding drum.

How drumming grinding machine can be viewed on video.

Some models of drum-type grinding machines presented in the Russian market

Today on Russian market Grinding equipment In the section Drumming grinding machines presented products of various manufacturers. The world's leading place is covered here under the brand name Jet. American company JET, part of the Swiss holding WMH Tool Group AG presents today the following production and household drum grinding machines:

Jet 10-20 Plus. Price: 25000 rub.

The drum grinding machine with a total capacity of 500 mm (250 mm x 2) is well suited for a small workshop, where the free space is highly valued.

JET 16-23 Plus. Price: 37000 rub.

Universal grinding machine with huge potential and carefulness: making musical instruments, furniture production, kitchen Garniturov, Shopping and bar equipment, performing a wide range of carpentry operations.

Double drum grinding machine jet. DDS-225. Price: 160000 rub.

A very powerful machine is suitable for operation in production.

Russian "Instrumental company ENGOR" is an official dealer of leading foreign manufacturers of tools, equipment, machines, etc., offers the drum grinding machine "Corvette 57". The machine is designed to perform the preliminary grinding of flat wooden blanks and bringing products to the specified size, processing of lacquered and primed surfaces.

Corvette 57 - drum grinding machine Price: 24100 rub.

German company ELMOS WERKZEUGE, manufacturer of power tools, woodworking equipment, garden equipment, represents its grinding machine drum type ELMOS DS 163. Price: 16400 rub. Designed for use in production as an alternative to manual grinding machines.

Summing up this brief review Grinding machines that are offered for purchase on the territory of the Russian Federation can be said with confidence that there is a certain choice. You can find machines for use on large productionIn small business and for use in the personal economy. As they say: "Any whim for your money."

However, not everyone today is ready to lay out the round sum for the grinding machine. And the habit of doing everything left from the time of the union and with their own hands, makes modern Kulibins move to their convictions, rustle to slam and "the eyes are afraid, and the hands are doing" - to produce many useful and necessary things. And technologically, they are little inferior to production counterparts, but in price at times cheaper. Below we look at how to collect homemade drum grinding machine.

Drum grinding machine with their own hands

For which it will come in handy, we looked at the above, as well as what he should consist. Therefore, we take a list of the main elements and begin to search for and collect them. And then let's talk about how to make a drum grinding machine at home

Engine

Let's start with the engine. The easiest way to take from the old washing machine. If it is, then half the way done. From there you can take all the electrocheaptis, pulleys and belt.

Making grinding drum

Now about the drum. It can be made of different materials And sometimes it would seem, completely unnecessary remnants of repair and construction activities. For example, from carved and glued with wooden rings, or four bars of cylindrical shapes, reinforced on a metal axis with epoxy glue, or from a paper pipe to which a linoleum roll is screwed.

Here we consider it more. Making a drum from a piece of PVV pipe. For the manufacture we will need: steel rod 16-20 mm, piece PVC pipe diameter 100 mm, wooden plank, screws, rubber, glue. Perhaps everything. The steel rod will be with the axis of the drum. Cut from the pipe the piece required in size. In length, it is a little less rod. From wood, cut out two end plugs in the diameter of the inner section of our PVC pipe. They drill a hole under the rod. Caps insert into the pipe and fix the screws. Screwing heads must be recessed. Through the holes of the plugs we skip our rod and secure them with epoxy glue. On top of PVC pipes glue tight rubber. It will serve as a substrate for the skins and will provide it with the best fit to the details. Drum is ready. It is possible to strengthen the sandpaper using a stapler bracket or for bilateral tape. The ribbon is better glued along the spiral, it will avoid shlincing when grinding.

Case and desktop

For the machine, the machine will fit a tree or aviation 15mm plywood. Of these, you can make a table. The case makes simple and simple: two side panels, a strut panel in the middle and a desktop consisting of a base, firmly fastened with a housing and a movable part. The desktop must be strong and should not be fed when pressed by the workpiece to the drum. From the end of it, it can be strengthened by an additional cross, which will also create a supporting surface for an adjusting screw.

To adjust the stroke of the desktop relative to the drum, its rolling part on one side is secure to the base with two loops or a piano loop, and from the feed side through the midfielder screw the adjusting screw. It is important to know which screw a thread step, then you can set the necessary parts processing thickness.

Installation

IN low part Cases secure engine. Its axis output through the hole previously done in the housing. In the upper part of the case, we install the grinding drum. The axis of the drum relies on two bearing in the cliffs, which are attached to the side walls by bolts. Holes for clippers make a little large in diameter. So it will be easier for us to level the drum. On the axis of the engine and drum, secure the pulley and stretch the drive belt. Mount the wires and switch. We screw the adjustable bolts on the bottom and on the sides, which will support the desktop at the desired height.

The latter barcode can be treated with varnish or paint, of course before installing. Now our homemade drum grinding machine is ready to operate. For more convenience, you can add a protective casing over the drum to it. Connect the pipe from the vacuum cleaner to the casing. This will remove dust formed during work.

In conclusion. In this article, we tried to consider issues related to the grinding machines of the drum type. And you make a choice to work on the machine purchased in the store or make it with your own hands.