Scheme of the generator assembly from the electric motor 220 V. Generator in an asynchronous engine: how to redo. The principle of operation of an asynchronous motor as a generator

In the desire to obtain autonomous sources of electricity, experts found a way to remake with their own hands, a three-phase asynchronous AC motor to the generator. Such a method has several advantages and individual flaws.

Appearance of an asynchronous electric motor

In the context, the main elements are shown:

cast iron case with radiator ribs for efficient cooling;
the housing of the short-circuited rotor with the lines of the magnetic field shear relative to its axis;
switching contact group in a box (Born), to switch the stator windings in a star or triangle circuit and connecting power wiring;
dense harnesses of copper wires of the stator winding;
steel rotor shaft with a groove for fixing the pulley with a wedge-shaped key.

A detailed disassembly of an asynchronous electric motor with an indication of all parts is shown in the figure below.

Detailed disassembly of asynchronous engine

Advantages of generators converted from asynchronous engines:

simplicity of the assembly of the scheme, the ability to not disassemble the electric motor, do not rewind the windings;
the ability to rotate the power generator with wind or hydroturbine;
an asynchronous engine generator is widely used in a motor-generator system to convert a single-phase 220V AC network into a three-phase network with a voltage of 380V.
the ability to use the generator, in the field, spinning it from internal combustion engines.

As a disadvantage, it is possible to note the complexity of calculating the capacitance capacitors connected to the windings, in fact this is done experimentally.

Therefore, it is difficult to achieve maximum power of such a generator, there are difficulties with the power supply of electrical installations that have a large value of the starting current, on circular electroopers with three-phase AC motors, concrete mixers and other electrical installations.

Principle of operation of the generator

The basis of such a generator is the principle of reversibility: "Any electrical installation transforming electrical energy into mechanical can make the reverse process." The principle of operation of the generators is used, rotation of the rotor causes EMF and the appearance of an electric current in the stator windings.

Based on this theory, it is obvious that an asynchronous electric motor can be removed into an electric generator. In order to realize the reconstruction, it is necessary to understand how the generation process occurs and what is required for this. All engines that cause AC power are considered asynchronous. The stator field moves with a slight advance relative to the magnetic field of the rotor, tightening it towards rotation.

To get the reverse process, generation, the rotor field should be ahead of the movement of the magnetic field of the stator, in the ideal case, rotate in the opposite direction. It is achieved by inclusion in the power supply, a capacitor of a large capacity, the condenser groups use to increase the capacity. The condenser installation is charged, accumulating the magnetic energy (element of the reactive component of the AC). The capacitor charge of the phase is the opposite source of the electric motor current, so the rotor rotation begins to slow down, the stator winding generates the current.

Conversion

How to convert an asynchronous electric motor to the generator with almost their own hands?

To connect the capacitors, you need to unscrew the top cover Born (box), where the contact group is located, switching the contacts of the stator winding and connected the wires of the asynchronous motor.

Open Born with contact group

Status windings can be connected to a "star" or "triangle" scheme.

Inclusion schemes "Star" and "Triangle"

On a signboard or in a passport, the product shows possible connection schemes and engine parameters for various connections. It is indicated:

maximum currents;
supply voltage;
power consumption;
the number of revolutions per minute;
Efficiency and other parameters.

Engine parameters that are indicated on the nameplate

In a three-phase generator from an asynchronous electric motor, which makes it yourself, capacitors are connected via a similar scheme "Triangle" or "Star".

The option of inclusion with the "star" provides a starting process for generating current at lower revs than when connecting a circuit in a "triangle". In this case, the voltage at the outlet of the generator will be slightly lower. Connection according to the "Triangle" scheme provides a slight increase in output voltage, but requires higher revolutions when the generator is started. In a single-phase asynchronous electric motor, one phase shifting capacitor is connected.

Conference diagram on the generator in Triangle

Condensors of the KBG-MN model are used, or other brands of at least 400 in mightless, bipolar electrolytic models in this case are not suitable.

What does a tribal capacitor of the KBG-MN brand look like

Calculation of the capacitors for the engine used

Nominal output power of the generator, in kW	Presumable Capacity in, ICF
2	60
3,5	100
5	138
7	182
10	245
15	342

In synchronous generators, the excitation of the generation process occurs on the anchor windings from the current source. 90% of asynchronous engines have short-circuited rotors, without winding, excitement is created residual in the rotor with a static charge. Its enough so that at the initial stage of rotation to create an EDC, which leads the current, and recharges capacitors through the stator winding. Further recharge already comes from the generated current, the generation process will be continuous until the rotor rotates.

Machine for connecting the load to the generator, sockets and capacitors are recommended to install in a separate closed shield. Connecting wires from Born generator to the shield to pave in a separate insulated cable.

Even with a non-working generator, it is necessary to avoid touching the connector capacitors of sockets. The charge accumulated by the capacitor remains for a long time and can be powder. Ground the enclosures of all units, motor, generator, control shield.

Installation of the Motor Generator System

When installing the generator with a motor with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account that the specified number of nominal revolutions of the asynchronous electric motor used at idle is greater.

Motor generator scheme on belt transmission

On the 900 rp engine at idle during the course there will be 1230 rpm, in order to obtain sufficient power on the output of the generator converted from this engine, it is necessary to have a number of revolutions by 10% more idling:

1230 + 10% \u003d 1353 r / m.

Belt transmission is calculated by the formula:

Vg \u003d Vm X DM \\ DG

Vg is the necessary speed of rotation of the generator 1353 r / m;

VM - motor rotation speed of 1200 rpm;

DM - Pulley diameter on a 15 cm motor;

DG - Pulley diameter on the generator.

Having a motor at a 1200 rpm where the pulley is Ø 15 cm, it remains only to calculate DG - the pulley diameter on the generator.

DG \u003d VM X DM / VG \u003d 1200OB / M X 15 cm / 1353OB / M \u003d 13.3 cm.

Generator

How to make a generator from an asynchronous electric motor?

This homemade generator eliminates the use of condenser installations. The source of the magnetic field, which leads the EMF and creates a current in the winding of the stator, is built on permanent nouriemic magnets. In order to make it with your own hands, you must consistently perform the following steps:

Remove the front and rear caps of an asynchronous electric motor.
Remove the rotor from the stator.

What does an asynchronous engine rotor look like

The rotor is pulled by the upper layer of 2 mm more than the thickness of the magnets. In domestic conditions, make a boring of the rotor with their own hands is not always possible, in the absence of turning equipment and skills. You need to refer to specialists in turning workshops.
On a sheet of ordinary paper, a template for placing round magnets, Ø 10-20mm, thick up to 10 mm, with a force of 5-9 kg, per square / cm, the size depends on the rotor value. The pattern is glued to the surface of the rotor, the magnets are placed by strips at an angle of 15-20 degrees relative to the axis of the rotor, 8 pieces in the strip. Figure below shows that on some rotors there are dark-light bandwidth of the magnetic field lines relative to its axis.

Installing the magnets on the rotor

The rotor on magnets is calculated so that four groups of bands are obtained, in the group of 5 strips, the distance between the magnet group 2ø. Gaps in a group of 0.5-1 Ø of a magnet, such a location reduces the power of the rotor sticking to the stator, it should be rotated with the efforts of two fingers;
The rotor on magnets made according to the calculated template is poured with epoxy resin. After it snacks a little, the cylindrical part of the rotor is covered with a layer of fiberglass and is impregnated with epoxy resin again. This will eliminate the departure of magnets when rotating the rotor. The top layer on magnets should not exceed the initial diameter of the rotor, which was before the groove. Otherwise, the rotor will not stand on its place or when the stator winding will be rotated.
After drying, the rotor can be put in place and close the covers;
Testing, the electric generator is necessary - turn the rotor with an electric drill, measuring the output voltage. The number of revolutions when the desired voltage is reached, the tachometer is measured.
Knowing the required amount of generator revolutions, belt transmission is calculated according to the method described above.

An interesting application option when an electric generator based on an asynchronous electric motor is used in the diagram of an electric motor-generator with self-speaking. When a portion of the power generated by the generator enters the electric motor that spins it. The remaining energy is spent on the payload. By implementing the principle of self-smelting, it is practically possible for a long time to ensure the house with autonomous power supply.

Video. G. eNERATOR from an asynchronous engine.

For a wide range of electricity consumers to buy powerful diesel power plants as TEKSAN TJ 303 DW5C with a capacity of 303 kVA or 242 kW does not make sense. Low power gasoline generators are expensive, the best option to make wind generators with your own hands or the device Motor generator with self-pressed.

Using this information, you can collect the generator with your own hands, on permanent magnets or capacitors. Such equipment is very useful in country houses, in the field, as an emergency power supply, when there is no voltage in industrial networks. A full-fledged house with air conditioning, electric stoves and heating boilers, the powerful circular saw motor they will not pull. Temporarily provide electricity to the household essentials can, lighting, refrigerator, TV and others that do not require high power.

In order for an asynchronous motor to become an AC generator, a magnetic field is formed inside it, it can be made by placing the engine of constant magnets on the rotor. All alteration and simple and complicated at the same time.

Initially, it is necessary to choose the appropriate engine that is most suitable for working as a low-sword generator. These are multipole asynchronous motors, are well suited for 6 and 8 pole, low-robous engines, with maximum turns in the engine mode no more than 1350 bub / m. Such engines have the greatest number of poles and teeth on the stator.

Next, you need to disassemble the engine and remove an anchor-rotor, which must be drowning on the machine to a certain size under gluing magnets. Magnets are neoplated, usually glue small round magnets. Now I will try to tell how and how many magnets glue.

First you need to find out how much the poles have the poles, but on the winding it is quite difficult to understand without appropriate experience, so the number of poles is better to read on the engine labeling, if it is of course there, although in most cases it is available. Below is an example of engine marking and labeling.

By engine brand. For 3 phase: engine type Power, kW Voltage, in the speed of rotation, (sin), rpm efficiency,% mass, kg

For example: DAF3 400-6-10 UHL1 400 6000 600 93,7 4580 Engine designation decoding: D - motor; A - asynchronous; F - with a phase rotor; 3 - closed execution; 400 - power, kW; b - voltage, kV; 10 - the number of poles; UHL - climatic execution; 1 - placement category.

It happens that the engines are not our production as in the photo above, and the marking is incomprehensible, or the marking is simply not readable. Then one method remains, it is to calculate how many teeth you have on the stator and how many teeth take one coil. If the reel hits 4 teeth, and there are only 24 of them, then your gesture motor.

The number of stator poles need to know in order to determine the number of poles when sticker magnets on the rotor. This quantity is usually equal, then there is a stator pole 6, then the magnets should be glued with alternating poles in the amount of 6, SNSNSN.

Now that the number of poles is known to calculate the number of magnets for the rotor. To do this, it is necessary to examine the length of the gun weight of the rotor, according to the simple formula 2Nr where n \u003d 3.14. Ie 3,14 multiply on 2 and on the radium rotor, it turns out a length of the circle. Dream measure your rotor on the length of the iron, which is in the aluminum mandrel. After you can draw the resulting band with a long and width, you can print on the computer and then print.

The terree must be determined with the thickness of the magnets, it is approximately equal to 10-15% of the diameter of the rotor, for example, if the rotor is 60mm, then the magnets are needed with a thickness of 5-7mm. For this, the magnets usually buy round. If the rotor is approximately 6cm in the emission, then the magnets can be 6-10 mm high. Deciding which magnets to use, on the template for the length of which is equal to the length of the union

An example of a rotor magnet mention, for example, a diameter of a 60cm rotor, calculate the length of the circle \u003d 188cm. We divide the length of the number of poles, in this case by 6, and we obtain 6 sections, in each section, the magnets are pasted with the same pole. But that's not all. Terept should be calculated how many magnets will enter one pole so that they are smoothly distributed across the pole. For example, the width of the round magnet 1cm, the distance between the magnets about 2-3mm, which means 10mm + 3 \u003d 13mm.

The length of the circumference is divided by 6 parts \u003d 31mm, this is the width of one pole along the length of the rotor circumference, and the width of the pole by iron, let's drink 60mm. Therefore, a pole area is obtained by 31 mm. It turns out 8 in 2 rows of magnets per pole with a distance of 5mm. In this case, it is necessary to recalculate the number of magnets so that they can fit as close as possible on the pole.

SDA example on 10mm wide magnets, so the distance between them is 5mm. If you reduce the diameter of magnets for example, 2 times, then it is 5mm, then they will firmly fill the pole as a result of which the magnetic field from greater caliberation of the total mass magnet will increase. Such magnets (5mm) will fit already 5 rows, and in length 10, then there are 50 magnets per pole, and the total number on the rotor 300ct.

In order to reduce the sticking pattern, the template must be placed so that the displacement of the magnets during the sticker was on the width of one magnet if the width of the magnet is 5mm, then the offset by 5mm.

Now, when with magnets, they needed to push the rotor to fit the magnets. If the height of the magnets is 6mm, then decreases 12 + 1mm, 1mm is a stock on the curve of the hands. Magnets can be placed on the rotor in two ways.

The first method is prevailing the mandrel, in which the holes for magnets over the pattern are filled, after the mandrel dressing on the rotor, and the magnets are pasted into drilled holes. On the rotor after the groove, it is necessary to additionally run to the depth of equal to the height of the magnets separating aluminum strips between the iron. And the resulting grooves fill with annexious sawdresses mixed with epoxy glue. This will significantly enjoy efficiency, sawdust will serve as an additional magnetic circuit breeding between the Rotor Iron. The sample can be made with a cutting machine or on the machine.

The mandrel for the magnets stickers is done so, the flowing shaft is turned around with a molecule, then winding the layer of the bandage, soaked with epoxy glue, after steep on the machine for size and remove from the rotor, stick the sleeve and move the holes for magnets. After the mandrel is turned back to the rotor and glue Magnets are usually the epoxy glue below in the photo two examples of the stickers of the agnitis, the first example on the 2-photo items of the magnets sticker with the mandrel assistant, and the second on the next page right through the template. The first two photos are clearly visible and I think it is clear how magnets are clearly.

On the next page continued.

An asynchronous or induction type generator is a special variety of devices using an alternating current and having the ability of electricity reproduction. The main feature is the commission of fairly fast turns, which makes the rotor, in the speed of rotation of this element, it largely exceeds the synchronous species.

One of the main advantages is the ability to use this device without significant transformations of the circuit or long-term adjustment.

A single-phase variety of induction generator can be connected by feeding the required voltage to it, it will require a connection to the power source. However, a series of models produces self-excitation, this ability allows them to function in mode, independent of any external sources.

This is done through consistent condensers to the working condition.

Scheme of a generator from an asynchronous engine

Scheme of the generator based on an asynchronous engine

In fact, any electrical type machine designed by the type of generator, there are 2 different active windings, without which the device is impossible:

Harrow windingwhich is on a special anchor.
Stator windingwhich is responsible for the formation of electric current, this process occurs inside it.

In order to clearly submit and more accurately understand all the processes occurring during the functioning of the generator, the most optimal option will be more considering the scheme of its operation:

Voltagewhich is served from a battery or any other source creates a magnetic field in an anchor winding.
Rotation of device elements Together with the magnetic field can be realized in different ways, including manually.
A magnetic field, rotating at a certain speed, generates electromagnetic induction, so that an electric current appears in the winding.
The vast majority of the schemes used today It does not have the ability to provide an anchor winding with voltage, this is due to the presence of a short-circuited rotor in the design. Therefore, regardless of the speed and time of rotation of the shaft, the supply devices will still be de-energized.

When rewarming the engine to the generator, the independent creation of a moving magnetic field is one of the main and mandatory conditions.

Generator device

Before making any reworking actions To the generator, it is necessary to understand the device of this machine, which is as follows:

Statorwhich is equipped with a network winding with 3 phases placed on its working surface.
Winding It is organized in such a way that it resembles in its form a star: 3 initial elements are connected to each other, and 3 opposite parties are connected to contact rings that have no points of contact between themselves.
Contact rings Have a reliable fastener to the rotor shaft.
In the design There are special brushes that do not make any independent movements, but contribute to the inclusion of the row with three phases. This allows you to change the parameters of the winding resistance located on the rotor.
OftenIn the internal device there is such an element as an automatic short-circuit, which is necessary in order to shorten the winding and stop the retail in working condition.
Another optional element of the generator device It can be a special device that brews brushes and contact rings at the moment when they pass the closure stage. Such a measure contributes to a significant decrease in the losses drawn by friction.

Manufacturing of an engine generator

In fact, any asynchronous electric motor can be removed with its own hands into a device operating by the type of generator, which is then allowed to be used in everyday life. For this purpose, even the engine taken from the washing machine of an old sample or any other household equipment may be approached.

In order for this process to be safely implemented, it is recommended to adhere to the following algorithm of action:

Remove the engine core layerDue to which the deepening will be formed in its structure. This can be done on the lathe, it is recommended to remove 2 mm. All over the core and make additional holes with a depth of about 5 mm.
Remove dimensions From the obtained rotor, after which from the tin material to make a template in the form of a strip that will correspond to the dimensions of the device.
Set In the free space formed, neodymium magnets that need to be purchased in advance. Each pole will require at least 8 magnetic elements.
Fixation of magnets You can implement with the help of a universal superclay, but it must be borne in mind that when approaching the surface of the rotor, they will change their position, so they need to hold them tightly with their hands until each element sticks. Additionally, it is recommended to use protective glasses during this process to avoid splashing glue into the eyes.
Wrap the rotor ordinary paper and scotch, which will be required for fixing it.
Furious part of the rotor Slap plasticine, which will ensure the sealing of the device.
After completed action It is necessary to process free cavities, between magnetic elements. For this, the free space remains between magnets must be pouring epoxy resin. The most convenientness will cut through the special hole in the shell, convert it into the neck and shut borders with plasticine. Inside, you can pour a resin.
Wait for a complete frost Spilled resin, after which the protective paper shell can be eliminated.
The rotor must be fixed With the help of a machine or vice so that it is possible to carry out its processing, which lies in surface grinding. For these purposes, you can use sandpaper with an average grain parameter.
Determine the Condition and the purpose of wires overlooking the engine. Two must lead to the operating winding, the rest can be cut to not get confused in the future.
Sometimes the rotation process is quite badMost often, the cause is old wear and tight bearings, in which case they can be replaced by new ones.
Rectifier for generator You can collect from special silicon, which are intended for these purposes. Taks, e will require a charging controller, actually fit all modern models.

After making all these actions, the process can be considered complete, the asynchronous motor was transformed into a generator of the same type.

Evaluation of the level of efficiency - is it profitable?

The electric current generation by the electric motor is quite real and implemented in practice, the main question is how profitable is it?

Comparison is performed primarily with a simultaneous type of similar device.in which there is no electrical excitation chain, but despite this fact, its device and design are not simpler.

This presence of a capacitor battery is caused, which is extremely difficult in technical plan an element that is absent from an asynchronous generator.

The main advantage of an asynchronous device is that the available capacitors do not require any maintenance, since all the energy is transmitted from the magnetic field of the rotor and current, which is produced during the operation of the generator.

Electric current created during operation does not actually have higher harmonics, which is another significant advantage.

Other advantages, except mentioned, asynchronous devices do not have, but they have a number of significant drawbacks:

In their operation There is no possibility to ensure the nominal industrial parameters of the electric current, which is produced by the generator.
High degree of sensitivity Even the slightest drops of workload parameters.
When exceeding the parameters of permissible loads on the generatorThe lack of electricity will be recorded, after which the recharging will be impossible and the generation process will be stopped. To eliminate this disadvantage, batteries often use a significant container that have a feature to change their volume depending on the magnitude of the loads rendered.

The electric current produced by an asynchronous generator is subject to frequent changes, the nature of which is unknown, it is random in nature and is not explained by scientific arguments.

The impossibility of accounting and relevant compensation of such changes is explained by the fact that such devices have not gained popularity and have not been particularly distributed in the most serious industries or household matters.

Functioning asynchronous motor as a generator

In accordance with the principles on which all similar machines operate, the operation of an asynchronous motor after conversion to the generator is as follows:

After connecting condensers to the clampsA number of processes occur on the stator winding. In particular, the movement of the advanced current begins in the winding, which creates the effect of magnetization.
Only by condensate The parameters of the required container, the device is self-excitation. This contributes to the occurrence of a symmetric voltage system with 3 phases on a stator winding.
Total voltage value It will depend on the technical capabilities of the machine used, as well as the capabilities of the capacitors used.

Thanks to the described actions, the process of converting an asynchronous motor of a short-circuited type into a generator with similar characteristics.

Application

In everyday life, such generators are widely used in various spheres and areas, but they are most in demand for the following functions:

Use as engines For, this is one of the most popular features. Many people independently make asynchronous generators to use them for these purposes.
Work as a hydropower With a small working.
Power supply and electricity urban apartment, private country house or separate household equipment.
Performing basic functions welding generator.
Uninterrupted equipment alternating current of individual consumers.

It is necessary to possess certain skills and knowledge not only for the manufacture, but also on the operation of such machines, the following tips can help this:

Any kind of asynchronous generators Regardless of the sphere in which they are applied, is a dangerous device, for this reason it is recommended to carry out its insulation.
In the process of making the device It is necessary to consider the installation of measuring instruments, since it will require data on its operation and operating parameters.
Availability of special buttonsWith which you can control the device, greatly facilitates the operation process.
Ground It is a mandatory requirement that needs to be implemented until the generator is operating.
During workThe efficiency of an asynchronous device can periodically decrease by 30-50%, it is not possible to overcome this problem, since this process is an integral part of the energy conversion.

An asynchronous (induction) generator is an electrical product that operates on alternating current and with the ability to reproduce electrical energy. A distinctive feature is the high frequency of rotation of the rotor.

This parameter is significantly higher than that of a synchronous analog. The operation of an asynchronous machine is based on its ability to transform the energy of a mechanical type into electricity. Valid voltage - 220V or 380V.

Areas of use

Today, the scope of application of asynchronous devices is quite wide. They are used:

in the transport industry (braking system);
in agricultural workers (aggregates that do not require power compensation);
in everyday life (autonomous water or wind power plants);
for welding work;
to ensure uninterrupted nutrition of the most important technique, such as medical refrigerators.

The theory is quite admissible to re-equip the asynchronous engine asynchronous type generator. To implement it, you need:

have a clear concept of electric current;
carefully study the physics for producing electricity from energy mechanical;
provide the required conditions for the current occurrence on the stator winding.

Specificity of the device and the principle of operation

The main elements of the device of asynchronous generators are a rotor and stator. The rotor is a short-circuit detail, when the electromotive force is rotated. For the manufacture of conductive surfaces, aluminum is used. The stator is equipped with a three-phase or single-phase winding placed in the shape of a star.

As shown in the photo of an asynchronous type generator, other components are:

cable entry (electrical current is derived);
temperature sensor (needed to track the heating of the winding);
flanges (Purpose - a more dense connection of the elements);
contact rings (not connected with each other);
regulating brushes (they launch a retail that allows you to adjust rotary resistance);
a short-circuit device (used if it is necessary to stop the retail).

The principle of operation of asynchronous generators is the processing of mechanical type energy into electric. The movement of the rotor blades leads to the occurrence of electric flow on its surface.

As a result, a magnetic field is formed, leading to the stator single and three-phase voltage. You can adjust the generated energy by changing the load on stator windings.

Scheme features

The scheme of the generator from the asynchronous motor is quite simple. It does not require special skills. When you start the development without connecting to the power grid, rotation will begin. Going out to the appropriate frequency, the stator winding will begin to produce the current.

If you install a separate battery from several capacitors, the result of such a manipulation will be the leading capacitive current.

The parameters of the generated energy are influenced by the technical characteristics of the generator and the capacity of the capacitors used.

Types of asynchronous motors

It is customary to allocate the following types of asynchronous generators:

With a short-circuited rotor. The device of this type consists of a stationary stator and rotating rotor. Candles - steel. In the stator core grooves placed insulated wire. The rod winding is installed in the rotor core groove. Rotor winding closure special rings-jumpers.

With a phase rotor. Such a product has a fairly high cost. Requires specialized service. The design is similar to the generator design with a short-circuited type rotor. The difference is to use the insulated wire as a winding.

The ends of the winding are attached to the special rings placed on the shaft. On them are brushes combining the wire with the rheostat. An asynchronous type generator with a phase rotor is less reliable.

We convert the engine to the generator

As mentioned earlier, it is permissible to use an asynchronous engine as a generator. Consider a small master class.

You will need an engine from the usual washing machine.

We will make less the thickness of the core and we will do several non-serrated holes.
I cut out from sheet steel strip, the size of which is equal to the size of the rotor.
Take the installation of neodymium magnets (at least 8 pcs.). Burn them with glue.
Close the rotor using a leaf of thick paper and fix the edge of the sticky tape.
Rotary end with a mastic composition for sealing purposes.
Free space between magnets fill the resin.
After the epoxy is frozen, we remove the paper layer.
Separate the rotor using sandpaper.
Using two wiring, connect the device to the operating winding, remove unnecessary conductors.
If you wish, replace bearings.

Install the current rectifier and mount the charging controller. Our generator from an asynchronous engine is ready!

More detailed instructions how to make an asynchronous type generator can be found on the Internet.

Provide the generator to protect against mechanical damage and precipitation.
Make a special protective case under the assembled machine.
Remember the need to regularly monitor the parameters of the generator.
Do not forget to ground the unit.
Do not overheat.

Photo asynchronous generators

(AG) is the most common electrical machine of alternating current used mainly as an engine.
Only low-voltage AG (up to 500 in the supply voltage) with a capacity of 0.12 to 400 kW consumes more than 40% of the entire electricity produced in the world, and their annual release is hundreds of millions, covering the most diverse needs of industrial and agricultural production, ship, aviation and transport Systems, systems of automation, military and special equipment.

These engines are relatively simple in design, very reliable in operation, have sufficiently high energy indicators and low cost. That is why the sphere of use of asynchronous engines is continuously expanding both in new areas of technology and instead of more complex electrical machines of various designs.

For example, considerable interest in recent years causes application of asynchronous engines in generator mode To provide food with both consumers of three-phase current and direct current consumers through rectifying devices. In automatic control systems, in the tracking electric drive, asynchronous tachogenerators with a short-circuit rotor are widely used to convert the angular velocity to the electrical signal.

Application of an asynchronous generator mode

Under certain conditions of operation of autonomous sources of electricity asynchronous generator mode It turns out that it is preferable or even the only possible solution, such as, for example, in high-speed mobile power plants with a outer gas turbine drive with a rotational frequency n \u003d (9 ... 15) 10 3 rpm. The paper describes an ag with a massive ferromagnetic rotor with a capacity of 1500 kW at n \u003d 12000 rpm, intended for the autonomous welding complex "North". In this case, the massive rotor with the longitudinal grooves of the rectangular section does not contain windings and is performed from solid steel forging, which makes it possible to directly monitor the engine rotor in the generator mode with a gas turbine drive at a rotor surface on the rotor surface up to 400 m / s. For a rotor with a chipped core and k.z. Winding type "Belich Cell" The allowable circumferential speed does not exceed 200 - 220 m / s.

Another example of the effective use of an asynchronous engine in the generator mode is an old use of their use in mini-hydroelectric power supply during stable load mode.

They differ simplicity of operation and maintenance, are easily included on the parallel operation, and the form of the output voltage curve is closer to the sinusoidal than that of the SG when working on the same load. In addition, the weight of the hype of 5-100 kW is approximately 1.3 - 1.5 times less than the mass of the SG of the same power and they carry a smaller volume of winding materials. At the same time, in constructive terms, they do not differ from ordinary blood pressure and their mass production on electrome-building factories producing asynchronous machines.

Disadvantages of asynchronous mode of the generator, asynchronous motor (AD)

One of the shortcomings of the blood pressure is that they are consumers of significant reactive power (50% and more from full power) necessary to create a magnetic field in the machine, which should come from with the parallel operation of the asynchronous motor in the generator mode with the network or from another The source of reactive power (capacitor battery (BC) or synchronous compensator (SC)) with autonomous operation of the AG. In the latter case, the most effectively turning on the capacitor battery to the stator chain parallel to the load although in principle it is possible to include it in the rotor chain. To improve the operational properties of the generator asynchronous mode, the condensers can additionally be included in the stator circuit or in parallel with the load.

In all cases autonomous operation of an asynchronous engine in generator mode sources of reactive power (BC or SC) must provide a reactive capacity of both AG and the load having, as a rule, a reactive (inductive) component (compass< 1, соsφ н > 0).

The mass and dimensions of the capacitor battery or the synchronous compensator can exceed a mass of an asynchronous generator and only with COs n \u003d 1 (purely active load) the sizes of the SC and the mass of the BC are comparable with the size and mass of AG.

Another, the most difficult problem is the problem of stabilization of the voltage and frequency of the autonomously working hypertension having a "soft" external characteristic.

Using asynchronous moderator mode As part of the autonomous, this problem is also complicated by the instability of the rotor rotation frequency. Possible and applied to these methods for regulating the voltage asynchronous mode of the generator.

When designing AG for optimization calculations, the maximum of the efficiency in the wide range of changes in the speed and load, as well as minimizing costs, taking into account the entire control and regulation scheme. The design of the generators should take into account the climatic conditions for the work of WEU, permanent mechanical efforts on structural elements and especially - powerful electrodynamic and thermal effects in transition processes that occur during starts, power breaks, losing from synchronism, short circuits and others, as well as with significant gusts wind.

An asynchronous machine device, asynchronous generator

The device of an asynchronous machine with a short-circuit rotor is shown by the example of the AM series (Fig. 5.1).

The main parts of the blood pressure are the fixed stator 10 and the rotor rotating inside it separated from the stator by the air gap. To reduce the vortex currents, the rotor and stator cores are recreed from individual sheets, settled from electrotechnical steel with a thickness of 0.35 or 0.5 mm. Sheets are oxidized (under thermal processing), which increases their surface resistance.
The core of the stator is embedded in the bed 12, which is the outside of the machine. On the inner surface of the core there are grooves in which the winding is laid 14. The stator winding is most often made by a three-phase two-layer of separate coils with a shortened step from an isolated copper wire. The beginning and ends of the winding phases are displayed on the clamps of the conclusions and denote as:

beginning - ss2, with 3;

ends - with 4, C5, Sat.

The stator winding can be connected by the star (y) or triangle (D). This makes it possible to apply the same engine at two different linear stresses in relation to for example, 127/220 V or 220/380 V. At the same time, the compound does complies with the inclusion of blood pressure on top voltage.

The rotor core is assembled pressed on the shaft of 15 hot plant and is protected from turning with a key. On the outer surface, the rotor core has grooves for laying winding 13. The rotor winding in the most common Hell is a series of copper or aluminum rods located in the grooves and closed on the ends of rings. In engines with a capacity of up to 100 kW and more rotor winding is performed by pouring grooves melted aluminum under pressure. Simultaneously with the winding, closing rings are cast together with ventilation wings 9. In shape, such a winding resembles a "white cell".

Engine with phase rotor. Asynchronous mode generatorbut.

For special asynchronous engines, the rotor winding can be performed like stator. The rotor with such a winding in addition to the specified parts has three contact rings fortified on the shaft, designed to connect the winding with an external chain. Hell in this case is called an engine with a phase rotor or with contact rings.

Rotor 15 shaft combines all rotor elements and serves to connect an asynchronous engine with an actuator.

The air gap between the rotor and the stator is from 0.4 - 0.6 mm for small power machines and up to 1.5 mm in high power machines. Bearing shields 4 and 16 of the engine serve as a support for the rotor bearings. The cooling of the asynchronous engine is carried out according to the principle of self-defined fan 5. Bearings 2 and 3 are closed outside with covers 1 having labyrinth seals. On the stator housing, a box 21c conclusions 20 of the stator winding are installed. The housing is strengthened by plate 17, which indicates the basic pressure data. Figure 5.1 indicates as well: 6 - landing socket of the shield; 7 - casing; 8 - body; 18 - paw; 19 - Ventilation channel.