Interesting shelves with your own hands. Wall shelf design. Video: Tool Shelves from Pipe Scraps

Wall shelves in the interiorplay not only a functional role, but can also decorate a living room, kitchen and even a corridor. For some interior designs that focus on minimalism, decluttering,shelves on the wall in the interior- a real find.

They do not burden the situation, they are not striking (unless they are especially displayed). But the room immediately becomes residential view - it is cozy and comfortable in it.

Hanging shelves are considered a primitive interior detail. Yes, you can't put clothes, dishes, home textiles on them. But for these things there are furniture: wardrobes and dressers.

The shelves are elegant, lightweight. And due to its peculiarity (they are hung on the wall), there can be any form and type:

• square or rectangular;
• rounded or round;
• straight;
• winding;
• solid;
• on the same level;
• multilevel;
• perforated.

And this is not counting the material from which they are made: plastic, glass, metal, wood, stone.

Shelves come in many different shapes

Unlike cabinets, shelves can be given any design, even the most fancy. Look interestingwall shelves resembling stone , wavy shelves or imitating an animal, object, car.

Shelves can be made of various materials: glass, wood, metal, stylized as a stone

Often designers use ready-made niches and build shelves into them. If there is not enough space, use corner shelves. You can place objects on them decor.

Hanging shelves in the room

Hanging shelves fit into the interior of any premises.

Bathroom

On the shelves in the bathroom there are shampoos and many other tubes, jars, bottles.

On wide shelves convenient to fold towels.

Convenience is obvious - no smudges remain on the doors of cabinets and cupboards, since everything you need is located on open planes.

Shelves in the bathroom - a functional and aesthetic detail

Hallway

Here you can place your cosmetics, put your keys, your phone.

They are often located next to or under the mirror.

Wall shelves are able to add flavor to the interior of the hallway

Kitchen

It is more convenient to get jars of spices, coffee, tea, cereals from the shelves than to dive into the closet after them every time.

Can be usedwall shelves in the interior of the kitchen for flowers or a demonstration of beautiful dishes.

On the shelves you can place spices, flowerpots, beautiful plates. And beautiful, and convenient, and affordable

Children's room

Wall shelves for children's rooms We are an excellent solution for establishing and maintaining order.

Kids toys, books , disks, other little things are more convenient to get from the shelves than from the cabinet. Otherwise, defeat is guaranteed.

The only condition is that the shelves must be strong, and the fastening to wall - reliable.

Wall-mounted shelves make it easier to keep order in the nursery

Room for teens

This is the same children's room, only the interests of the child have already changed.

On the shelves there are cups, posters or photographs of actors, singers, families in a frame, books, discs, magazines piled up in a pile, and audio equipment. And so on that the teenager sees fit.

There would be shelves, and teenagers themselves will decide what to place on each of them

Bedroom

The bedroom is the place where the details create coziness.

Beautiful vase, aroma lamp, candle, books, flower pot, various cute little things and, of course, photographs. Shelves are a must.

Wall-mounted shelves in the bedroom look light and don't steal free space

Cabinet or library

The very purpose of the room prompts the idea of ​​what to put on the shelves.

For the library, the most familiar iswall mounted bookshelf... But on them you can put not only books, but also portraits or busts of writers, candlesticks, etc.

For the office - not only books, but also photographs, diplomas, framed certificates, statuettes, cups and other business paraphernalia.

If this is a home workshop, atelier, then with the help of built-in or hinged shelves, you can organize fabrics, magazines, accessories, display ready-made handicrafts products.

In addition to books, you can put on the shelves everything that the owner of the office considers necessary

Living room

Wall shelves in the interior of the living roomcan be adapted for anything. The main thing is that they are beautiful, stylish, fit the interior of the room and do not weigh it down.

These can be books, collectible models that showcase your hobby, vases, candles, candlesticks, figurines, dolls, baskets with needlework and much, much more.

For the living room, wall shelves are an opportunity to show guests your hobby, photo gallery, interests and preferences

Wardrobe or pantry

Depending on the purpose of the room, the shelves contain clothes, accessories or pickles, marinades, household utensils that are not needed at this time, tools and other items.

Wall shelves in the dressing room allow you to arrange all items in their place

It is much easier to get supplies from open pantry shelves. And watch out for their presence as well.

The corridor

“A strange place for shelves,” you say. But no. The corridor is also a functional area. Just choose the right depth for the boards.

And even better, if the width of the wall allows, make in it niche ... Get economical in terms of spaces a built-in book shelves or photographs, candles. You will save space and decorate the corridor.

Some shelves can only be decorative ... Stick a long, curved branch or root to the wall for an instant makeover.

Wall shelves in the hallway. Use height space

DIY wall shelf: instructions

Shelf from a twig is the simplest option ... You can turn on your imagination, apply knowledge, skillful hands and create a masterpiece.

Let's analyze one of the options for creating such. And by example, you can already do anyoriginal wall shelves.

Shelf variations. Complex and easy to execute

Suitcase shelf - unusual and stylish

Stage 1. Determine the purpose of the shelf

The choice of material depends on what it will stand on.

So, on glass shelves, plastic or drywall heavy objects must not be placed. In this case, it is better to make wooden ormetal shelves.

Stage 2. Draw a sketch

Style shelves should fit perfectly into room design ... You can come up with your own sketch or be inspired by the laid out photo examplesopen models shelves.

Stage 3. Materials

You need to prepare:

• material for shelves;
• ruler, pencil;
• sandpaper;
• spirit level, it's a level;
• nails or screws;
• hammer or screwdriver;
• drill;
• self-tapping screws;
• dowels. They are selected depending on the material of the wall;
• glue;
• brackets;
• the drawing itself;
• varnish or stain.

Step 4. Create a wall shelf

We will make a wooden shelf that looks like a honeycomb in a bee hive.

We make a shelf in the form of honeycombs

Important!The tree must be well dried.

You can prepare the elements yourself, but it is better to order the sawing of parts on a sawmill or from a familiar carpenter. You will need 25 parts. Narrow edges should be cut at a 30-degree angle. The length of each part is 30 cm. The depth is arbitrary. In order to make sure that the sawing is correct, one cell of 6 parts should be folded. The rest of the details should be the same.

• Apply glue to the narrow edge.
• Press down the parts and hold for the required time.
• Drill a hole at right angles.
• Connect the parts with self-tapping screws.
• Lay out the cells on the floor and collect them all on self-tapping screws into a single composition.

If there is an additional shelf inside the honeycomb, it is necessary to measure the cutting angle, shelf length and order the sawing of the required parts.

We glue the parts to each other

We fasten the details. This will make the shelf more durable.

Stage 5. External design

First, sandpaper the edges of the shelves.

Then cover with stain or varnish. These materials can be transparent or colored.

We carefully and carefully sand the edges of the shelves

Stage 6. Fixing the shelf

Mark a place on the wall where it will hang construction.

Drill holes with a drill.

Drive in a dowel (chop) and screw the brackets with screws.

Check to see if the brackets fall out if you push firmly on them.

Calling for help from a family member or neighbor, attach the shelf to the wall, securing it to the bracket, and make a mark for the second mounting hole.

Install another bracket. Its strength also needs to be checked.

Hang the shelf on the wall.

Ready.

By this example easy to make any other shelf.

Wall shelves can harmoniously complement the design of the room. The range of their purpose is very wide. Depending on the location and application options, they choose the material for their manufacture and think over the design. What features should be taken into account before starting to create a wall shelf with your own hands, and what are the main stages of the process, we will get acquainted in detail.

Variety of wall designs

The main purpose of the wall shelf is to accommodate many small items, while organically combining the functions of storage and interior decoration. Depending on this, the option for installing the furniture structure is determined. There may be several of them:

• The most common placement method is to make a wall-mounted form, where the product is attached to a wall, at the bottom of which there are often other pieces of furniture (sofa, bed or table).
• A kind of highlight among wall structures can be a hinged shelf made by hand. The key difference lies in the way of fastening: ropes, chains and belts are used instead of traditional brackets and loops.
• Depending on the organization of the living space, it is periodically necessary to make a corner shelf. Moreover, in addition to the common method of using internal areas, the outer corner of the room is sometimes harmoniously used.

A little imagination, and you can make a wall shelf structure with your own hands in different variations... The following models are widely used:

• The console is distinguished by the simplicity of making it with your own hands - a shelf fixed perpendicular to the wall.
• If desired, the design is supplemented with side walls and covered with the back.
• To create a kind of rack with your own hands, it is enough to combine several single consoles together.
• Recently, combined specimens with an extraordinary arrangement of horizontal and vertical walls have gained wide popularity.
• Numerous decorative patterns wall shelves. Their main function is to create an exclusive design element according to the chosen style.

Occasionally, the facade of a do-it-yourself structure is complemented with glass. This is practical when storing items that do not have a decorative function. A small part of the designs of wall shelves that can be decorated with your own hands are shown in the drawings below:

The nuances of the choice of material when designing

No construction work is complete without first drawing up a plan.

Remark! Before you start designing a shelf with your own hands, you need to decide on the material for the base.

When choosing it, take into account the place where the furniture structure will be installed and its main functions. The scope of application of wall shelves is as follows:

• Book lovers and students will definitely need bookshelves based on wood and its derivatives.
• For storing spice jars or decorative items in the kitchen (which are original plates or exclusive mugs), narrow shelves equipped with low sides are used. In this case, it is most appropriate to use wood for manufacturing, although, depending on the chosen design, glass specimens can also look harmonious.
• The arrangement of the bathroom is not complete without the installation of glass shelves, complemented by chrome elements. This is due to the basic requirement for the material - it must have high level moisture resistance.
• To show imagination with the choice of material for self-production, universal shelves allow. They are intended for setting flowers or various souvenirs, and the basis is selected taking into account the overall design of the room. It can be classic wood, durable metal, complemented by forged elements or glass, which creates the effect of lightness.

Mounting options

The type of fastening plays an important role in the design wall structure shelves. By examining the options for fixing, it will be easier for you to determine the most suitable method.

Classic hinges

The traditional fastening of wall shelves is the use of hinges. They are ideal for products made of wood and its derivatives. An important condition is that the material must be of sufficient thickness. The whole process takes place in several stages:

• The hinges are fixed on the side of the furniture structure with self-tapping screws.
• After measuring the distance between the holes, the required segment is marked on the wall.

  Attention ! Observing the horizontal line is important when fixing the wall shelf.

• Holes are drilled at the designated point required diameter designed for inserting a dowel.
• A self-tapping screw with a neat head is screwed into the hammered dowel, onto which the shelf is hung.

Fastening glass shelves

The use of hinges is not suitable for all materials. Installation of wall-mounted glass shelves is carried out using special fasteners for fragile products. The fasteners are made in two parts and are often supplemented with elastic spacers, the glass shelf is inserted between them. The lower part of the device is equipped with a clamping screw for secure fixation of the wall structure.

A common model for holding a glass shelf is a pelican, which can support a wall structure from 8 to 34 mm thick. Besides glass, it can be used for fixing other materials with similar dimensions.

Flush mount and decorative brackets

The secret installation of the wall shelf is distinguished by simplicity and originality. In this case, the fasteners are completely masked. The essence this method is as follows:

• at the end of the wooden structure, a recess is prepared for the pin and the body of the fastener;
• The mens holder is fixed to the wall, after which the shelf is put on it.

Wall shelves with decorative brackets allow you to create an individual design of the room. They can be made in a production way or belong to exclusive copies. Photos of wall shelves decorated with brackets, which are made by hand, are presented below:

Manufacturing process

Depending on the chosen design and material, the process of self-manufacturing of the wall shelf has its own characteristics.

Wood

If you want to make an original wooden wall shelf with your own hands, you will need:

• Base material. In addition to natural wood species, you can take MDF, chipboard or gypsum fiber board, this will greatly facilitate the surface treatment process.
• A jigsaw that can replace a hacksaw.
• Drill and grinder.
• Ruler with pencil.
• Building level.
• Wood glue or liquid nails.
• Varnish or stain.
• Brackets, dowels and screws.

The whole process of making the wall shelf with your own hands is simple. After drawing up a plan or taking as a basis finished project, the dimensions of the structure are transferred to the material. Sawed wooden base better with a jigsaw, which provides a perfectly straight cut.

All elements of the wooden shelf are thoroughly sanded; if there are significant defects, I use wood putty. On initial stage you will need sanding paper no. 40, sanding paper no. 80 and 120 will allow you to get a perfectly smooth surface.

Connect the details of the wall structure liquid nails or wood glue.

Marks for fastening are made on the shelf and on the wall. The brackets are connected to the shelf, and a recess is made in the wall with a drill, after which the dowels are inserted.

At the final stage, self-tapping screws are screwed in and the wall shelf is suspended.

Glass

It is better to equip rooms with a small area with glass wall shelves, which create an atmosphere of lightness and visually increase the space. If experience in working with glass is not enough, it is better to contact specialists who, simultaneously with cutting fragile material, will perform high-quality processing of the sections. The following steps for installing a wall shelf are within the power of anyone who can hold a tool in their hands, and are similar to the procedure for attaching a wooden structure:

• Using the level, the attachment points are marked on the wall.
• The Pelican construction requires two dowels.
• After removing the decorative trim, you will find holes where you need to screw the fasteners.
• The decorative strip is put in place and the glass is inserted.
• At the final stage, the screw is tightened.

This completes the installation of the glass wall structure.

Conclusion

A competent combination of the wall shelf with the rest of the furnishings will create a harmonious and individualized interior design.

One of the techniques for decorating a room is using shelves. But they are not only a decoration. More often than not, they are functional. Shelves are hung on the wall, placed on the floor, some are hung from the ceiling or beams. But best of all - they are easy to make yourself, with your own hands.

Types of shelves in the house

At the place of installation, shelves are wall, floor and hanging. If floor shelf has a great height - from a meter and above it is often called a rack. A few words about hanging: usually it is decorative designs that hang on a pipe or a specially hammered bracket. This option is popular in those rooms where the heating pipes run under the ceiling: they just ask to be hung on them. Shelves in the kitchen and in the bathroom are hung on the pipe: it is convenient there.

They are made of wood, fiberboard, there are glass shelves. The same materials are used as racks, but they are also made of metal, plastics and other completely incredible things - for example, pipes or bottles.

In living rooms, it is not so important what material the shelf is made of. It is important that its design is in the same style as the interior. Even the functionality is not always important: some play an exclusively decorative role. If there is one or two items on them. Their role is to give the interior of the home a special style and color.

The laconic style of apartment decoration and the same laconic shelves in a contrasting color. In this interior, they are the main element. The free space above the sofa is organically filled with shelves to match the walls.

If we talk about shelves in technical rooms - the kitchen and the bathroom, in particular, then the requirements for practicality are almost everywhere added to considerations of aesthetics. Even decorative kitchen shelves should be cleaned well. For shelves in the bathroom, the requirements are generally high: periodically there is very high humidity and materials are required that transfer it without any harm. There are not many of them. It is plastic and stainless steel. They also make bathroom shelves from MDF, but they are normally used with good ones.

Shelves on the wall

In any room on the wall there are places on which you just need to hang something. After all, the majority modern furniture occupies only the lower part - sofas, tables, couches. The upper part remains empty and dissonance occurs: overloaded Bottom part rooms and a half-empty or completely empty upper one. These voids on the walls are organically filled with shelves.

The whole system, and the most "dead" space is used - the angle

Structurally, most of the shelves consist of shelves proper and lintels. But these components are combined into so many options that it is impossible to count. Simple construction this is good: you can make any shelves with your own hands. Moreover, these products may be the first self-made things. It's really simple.

How and what to attach

It is not in vain that we start with fasteners. The design of the wall shelf largely depends on the type of attachment. Or maybe it’s the other way around. It depends on what to dance from ...

Traditional hinges

There is a traditional way - on the hinges. It is suitable for wood and fiberboard, any other material that is thick enough to attach. They are screwed onto the side parts with self-tapping screws. Then the distance between the centers of the hinge holes is measured, laid on the wall (watch out for horizontalness). At the marked points, holes are drilled for the dowel, the dowel is inserted and a dowel-nail with a small head is screwed into it, which goes into a loop or bracket (a pin slightly bent upwards). Then a shelf is hung on them.

Not all materials can be drilled. For example, glass shelves. You can't screw anything into them. Fasteners for glass shelves are special: they consist of two parts, between which glass is inserted. Often elastic spacers are installed between the holders. Bottom fasteners usually have a small clamping screw to hold them in place.

Fasteners for glass shelves

The most popular mount for glass shelves is called "pelican" - for its peculiar shape. He himself looks good, is in different colors. The thickness of the glass it can hold is between 8 and 34 mm. You can insert not only glass into it, but also any other material of this thickness. It just looks stylish with glass.

It is easy to make glass shelves on the wall with it: you buy a mount, in a glass workshop you order pieces of glass with processed edges of the required size and shape (or cut it yourself, if you can). The assembly itself remains:

1. Attach the pelicans to the wall. Two dowels each. The body is collapsible - the decorative cover is removable, and there are two holes in the mounting plate. One in the case is higher, the second is lower. We fixed, put in place a decorative strip.
2. Glass was inserted.
3. We tightened the screw. Everything.

There are other forms of similar fasteners. There are several of them in the photo below.

Decorative brackets

Another type of attachment is brackets. They are reliable, some are decorative, and so much so that they themselves are an ornament.

Countersunk installation - shelves without support

And the most amazing device for secret mounting... It makes it possible to hide the fasteners. Cut out at the end seat under the pin and the holder body and the shelf is simply put on it.

As you can see, even a simple board or a piece of glass on such mounts is already good. But there is still a sea of ​​all sorts of ideas.

Bookshelves

Strength requirements are imposed on bookshelves: they hold significant weight. Therefore, the fastening and materials and construction must be reliable. Traditionally, book shelves are made of wood, laminated or veneered fiberboard. And then fiberboard with a long span (more than 90 cm) bends over the years.

When planning shelves on the walls for books of your own size, keep in mind that the distance between the supports should not be more than 90 cm. Then, even when fully loaded, it will not bend. And there are two types and varieties of shelves: wall and floor. Both those and others can be angular.

In the simplest case, this is a board fixed in one of the ways. Some options, especially when served correctly, look very good.

And if you have imagination, several boards turn into very interesting thing, which can even be the main decorative element. DIY ideas are collected in the photo gallery.

And this is a serious way to expand the space due to the corners between two windows.Nonlinearity - they are always interesting, and on such a shelf you can put books of different heights

Floor-standing bookshelves can be loaded more seriously. Here the forms are different: there are racks to which the shelves are attached. A highlight can be a broken or unusual line of shelves, as well as interesting racks.

It is already sooner book rack or even a wardrobe, but the essence does not change - the original color and interesting small shelves in the central part and the structure looks interesting
A very interesting idea - non-linear shelves and lintels made of thick glass

On the manufacture of fountains (both small indoor fountains, and more solid ones for a summer cottage, a backyard or garden plot) read.

Suspended

Not very numerous, but original type. The most important thing is that it can be done easily: a few planks, four ropes or two belts and you can get to work.

This is a complex system of blocks ... and the shelves can be at any level Two planks, four ropes and half an hour of time - all that is needed to make this shelf How to make a hanging shelf - graphic step-by-step instructions

To the nursery

While the child is very small, I want functional shelves, but with children's drawings. But where to get such? Do it yourself. Any shelf of the configuration you like can be pasted over with wallpaper on a non-woven base or thick wrapping paper (glued on PVA). After drying, coat twice with varnish on water based... Such shelves can be washed, but what is most interesting is that the shelf can change with the child. Rip off old decor, glue a new one. The idea is simple, it works perfectly.

For children, the shelves are not very different in design. If we talk about floor or racks, then they must be strong: taking into account the fact that grown-up children will definitely want to climb on them. Therefore, even those shelves that are on the floor are often attached additionally to the wall so that they do not collapse and crush young climbers. Based on these considerations, they are not made high: even if they fall, it is not scary.

The shelves in the children's room also differ in color - they are brighter, they can be made in the form of letters, boxes for toys can be installed in them: it is easier to keep them in order. In general, functionality and security should be combined.

Drawer system - quick cleaning Combination of open and closed shelves - convenient for preschool children

Shelves and shelves in the kitchen

Whatever you say, but the main thing in the kitchen is functionality. There is not much free space even on the walls: lockers take up a large area. Therefore, one of the tasks is to make the most of the free space. There are interesting ideas for small or even very small gaps between the wall and the refrigerator or other household appliances... Strictly in size, you can make a pouch on wheels, which goes out and hides completely there. It is wide and narrow (see photo).

It is not difficult to make such a sliding shelf-rack on wheels for different jars. Everything you need is at hand and does not interfere

There are also interesting ideas for saving space. If a sink or a hundred stands near the window, you can take the sidewalls. There is an interesting hanging option - a lattice on chains, to which all utensils are hooked. But such a shelf is possible if the desktop is not placed against the wall. Another option to save space - if the kitchen-dining room is zoned with a counter, you can also make a shelf above it, which will be partially suspended. One part of it rests on the wall, the other - on the counter or "hangs" on the ceiling.

Hanging the entire wall above the desk with lockers is not the best solution. They look heavy. You can solve the problem by glass doors but not everyone likes it. The way out is to make open shelves between the cabinets. They will give more lightness to the interior and the work area will not put so much pressure on the rest of the space.

Opened shelves and open shelves will "lighten" the interior. Another style - the same idea. Closed and open shelves in one system - convenient and non-standard

Decorative and original

Often, wall shelves play an exclusively decorative role. They are designed to attract attention and this goal is achieved unusual shape, contrasting with the walls, color. You can't put much on it: one or two things, but how interesting they are.

Another option for "square" shelves. Two identical sets arranged in different ways.If traditional square shelves are decorated with curly frames along the edge, the style turns out to be completely different

Another interesting topic is glass shelves. Just one glass is not very interesting. Its combination with wood and steel is more attractive. The effects are sometimes unexpected. The glass is collected on rails: the material is fragile and heavy and needs to be held. Steel can do it.

Generally speaking, these systems are intended for creating interiors of shops, but also in an apartment in a modern style or look stylish.

The "vintage" style is also suitable

What shelves are not made of. Even from pipes. Metal and plastic. Remaining images from repairs? Use it in business, and get a designer thing that is interesting, collected from trash.

Such is an interesting variation of a bookshelf made of pipes.

Making shelves with your own hands is probably perhaps the most favorite pastime of home craftsmen. Beginners - because it is simple and useful on the farm; venerable - because it is possible, almost without taking away the useful volume of the room, to show creativity and give the housing an individual look. And in our time, both of them - because the prices for finished products clearly do not correspond to their cost, although in general the budget does not gnaw to death. But why not save a significant amount by spending the day off?

In this article, we will consider the options for making shelves that are quite functional, but, so to speak, of medium complexity and creativity. On the one hand, let us skip the side of the product like the one on the left in Fig. If you hold your books like this, then it's better to forget the letter. True, then there are problems with the bank: he will not give money, you need to subscribe there, the PIN codes are read and entered. On the other hand, we will not touch the shelves like the one in the center: it looks simple, elegant, but requires high skill and the finest sense of material. And to describe - a lot and a long time. However, guided by the fact that further, you can easily build something like the one on the right. Not bad either, and it can get along for nothing. And ready-made - from $ 300, of which obviously at least 90% for design and invention.

Tool and technology

Making a shelf is not a tricky business; Presumably, you already know the basic information about the technology of furniture production. As for the shelves, you can only give some nuances. Firstly, it is undesirable to use dowel joints: the material is too thin. If you really need to not see the fasteners at all, then for the dowel joints you need to take blanks from dense hardwood: oak, beech, birch, maple, elm, walnut.

Details of shelves made of chipboard and ordinary commercial wood are best connected with modern furniture self-tapping screws - confirmations, see Fig. For the indicated dimensions, the material does not crack at a thickness of 12 mm or more. If the thickness of the plate into which the confirmat is screwed is 20 mm more, then it is better to take larger bolts, with D3 6-7 mm and correspondingly increased other dimensions.

Confirmates are produced for furniture, wood and plastic, for plumbing. They are not interchangeable: furniture assembled for plumbing starts to disintegrate rather quickly, and for “relatives” it costs for years, and the bolt itself gradually tightens as the wood dries out, if, of course, it was not initially damp. In appearance, the confirmations differ immediately: in the head of the furniture there is a socket for a hexagon, and they are offered, in the kit and optionally, plugs inserted into it in the tone of the wood. Plumbing confirmations are produced with a cross slot.

Details from the usual construction plywood when connected by confirmations, they often delaminate: the furniture bolt is designed for a homogeneous material. Therefore, it is preferable to assemble plywood shelves by inserting horizontal parts into the grooves selected in the sidewalls, for which you will need a special tool, see below. The assembly is carried out on glue (carpentry or PVA), and from the sides they are pulled together either with simple self-tapping screws for wood with a diameter, with a thread, not more than 1/4 of the thickness of the end, or with pins / splinters on the glue, see below, in the section on cardboard shelves. If self-tapping screws are used, they are wrapped before the head is recessed and the hole is covered with sawdust mixed with liquid nails.

Suddenly, the details intersect somewhere, i.e. the butt falls on the butt, all the methods described above are unsuitable. Therefore, when designing a shelf, you need to ensure that the face above the end is free. This rule is not burdensome: a little attention, and you can create a very complex container, like the one on the left in fig. And if you want to make shelves on the wall like those in the center? Then the only aesthetically acceptable solution is an insert and glue, as you can clearly see there on the right.

Shelves that are heavily loaded, e.g. in a workshop, garage or storage room, need reinforcement with spacers and / or struts, pos. 1 and 2 on the next. rice. The same ones are suitable for a living room, if done carefully, pos. 3. Hanging shelves, position 4, are more suitable for novice craftsmen: they hold a large load, little work and skill are required, and it is very possible to prove yourself in the product of your hands.

Note: buying or sharpening spacers is optional. A metal pipe or a rod of 8 mm or more will go under the tie rod, and a plastic pipe of a larger diameter will go under the spacers themselves. For example, below in fig. big in the garage, assembled on plumbing and propylene pipes.

Glass shelves are hygienic and therefore widely used in everyday life; first of all - in public places. However, collect them in residential areas as temporary glass showcases, due to injury, it is possible only in individual cases, see below, and then if the glass is acrylic. Home glass shelves are glued with silicone glue, but not construction glue, but aquarium glue; it holds truly monstrous loads. Aquarium silicone is expensive, but its consumption is negligible: a 4 ml tube is enough for shelves for a small bathroom, and there will still be.

Aquarium silicone can be glued to glass and metal, for example. suspension loops, subject to thorough preliminary degreasing of both parts. You can glue the shelf to the tile cladding: the dried colorless silicone is completely transparent. But aquarium silicone is soluble in vinegar and other organic acids, so for cleaning / washing you need to use detergents with a neutral or alkaline reaction.

Note: dried silicone glue softens at a temperature of 105-140 degrees, therefore, in order to separate the connection, it must be warmed up with a household hair dryer "at full speed". Remains of glue are cut off with a safety razor blade; silicone does not bite into glass and metal.

Hang or hang?

Hanging wall shelves in clips of ribbons or in the simplest way on ropes (see below) is not always suitable by design. However, it is also wrong to install hinges for fasteners in the wall on the ends of horizontal layers, especially if they are made of laminated materials: plywood, chipboard. The longer you take the self-tapping screws securing the loop, the sooner the face will delaminate. And in any case, the deflection of the leading edge of the shelf is inevitable.

Suspended shelves must be designed so that the suspension loops are located on the upper edges of the vertical braces that hold everything horizontal under them. An example of correct execution is shown in fig. Professional furniture makers, when creating complex openwork shelves, in which there are no through horizontal ties, often deviate from this rule, but then a complete calculation of strength is required; preferably with computer simulation.

About shelves from gypsum plasterboard

Rather a tribute to some fashion. Gypsum plasterboard(GKL) in a horizontal position does not hold the load at all, it bends under its own weight. Therefore, under the drywall shelves, firstly, you will need a rather complex and expensive frame made of special metal profiles, on the left in Fig.

Secondly, it takes a lot of time, labor and money. final finishing... Capacity finished product as a result, it turns out to be disproportionately small in relation to the volume it occupies, and the appearance is most often not so hot. If something like the one on the right in the figure is acceptable to you in the apartment, then the technology for manufacturing gypsum plasterboard shelves, in principle, is no different from that for a false ceiling, see at least:

Video: making drywall shelves with your own hands

Corner shelves

It happens that the place for a shelf made of wood falls on the corner. If it is external, there is nothing complicated here: the faces at the corner are made triangular. In inner corner problems arise, firstly, accessibility, and secondly, strength, i.e. even distribution of loads. This does not apply to glass and metal: they are strong and homogeneous enough to "disperse" the loads in themselves.

• The outer edges of the faces cut into the sidewalls in the spike at the corners.
• The inner ones are reinforced both from the underside and from above with corners or wooden pads.
• The faces at the corner are attached to the sidewalls in the same way, and their edge, free for access, is convex outward.

Example correct execution corner shelf from wood materials is shown in fig. on right. Of course, all the details do not have to be carved, this is a matter of taste and skill.

About facing

The ends of the shelves, at least the outer ones, almost always need to be covered with something. Most often they are butt-cut - they are closed with a T-shaped flexible PVC profile, inserting its "stick" into a groove cut along the end. End profiles different colors sold in construction and furniture stores, but to select the groove exactly, you need a special tool, see below.

About the instrument

The manufacture of shelves with decorative qualities, in addition to the simplest materials at hand, as already mentioned, will require some special tools. It is better to rent it; except, perhaps, a jigsaw, it is not so expensive, but it will come in handy on the farm in many other cases.

And so, firstly, the jigsaw. Choose a model with a side-swiveling support shoe, this will allow you to trim ends with any desired inclination. Second, manual Circular Saw, small, like a hair clipper. It must be taken with an adjustable side stop. Then choosing a groove for the end profile will not be difficult for the last ineptness: set the emphasis to half the thickness of the face minus half the thickness of the saw blade, whack! - and you're done. And finally, if the shelves will be inserted into the grooves of the sidewalls, it is necessary hand cutter for wood with a set of cutting bodies different widths... She can also choose the grooves for the insert, but here, with some skill, it is easy to do with a jigsaw.

Come on the shelves!

Shoe

Perhaps the most popular of the self-made ones is a shelf for shoes, and no wonder: for durability and environmental friendliness, sellers of ready-made ones “wind up” without hesitation. The classic design of a plywood shoe shelf is shown in Fig. It was developed a long time ago, so that the joints in the sidewalls are shown with dowel joints; now it is better to replace the dowels with self-tapping screws to the wood (not confirmatory, plywood!) As you can see, for its manufacture you will have to use all the tools and technological methods described above.

From more modern materials, for example. laminate, in the same way you can assemble a good-looking hanging shelf-cabinet, on the left on the trail. rice. Laminate is produced with a thickness of 3 to 50 mm and practically does not sag under load, like plywood. For country house or summer cottages, where the shoes get very wet and a lot of dirt sticks to them, a wooden lattice shelf in the center is more suitable. The advantage of the one and the other over the "classics" - the dirt under them is immediately visible and it is easy to remove it.

On the right in Fig. - typesetting shoe rack for a family in small apartment... You can make a similar one yourself from pieces of sheet plastic or acrylic glass and plastic connectors for temporary display cases. And finally, a rather original option - a shoe rack made of a piece of plastic pipe (see video below). In general, shoe racks are invented to this day; The stumbling block is how to avoid the accumulation of dirt in the couple's niches.

Video: a simple shoe rack from a pipe

Book

The second most popular is the bookshelf. There are at least 3 varieties here:

1. Small common areas.
2. Universal (combined).
3. Large, for a collection of books.

The first ones are most often hung in living rooms and kitchens. Then they are hoisted on them, in the first case, magazines and entertaining reading; in the second, cookbooks, home canning guides, and the like. The second place is in the bedroom, children's school age, workshop. Load - reading for the coming sleep, textbooks, notebooks, reference books, technical publications. In addition, the shelf must contain and support, respectively, knick-knacks / souvenirs, toys with writing utensils, flower pots, small tools and favorite trash. To both, in addition to the shelf in the workshop, an additional requirement - the appearance must match the design of the room.

Drawings of the first 2 are shown in Fig. On the left - general; on the right - universal. The first is wooden. Its feature is beveled front ends, which, with appropriate painting, allows it to fit into almost any interior. The thickness of the boards is from 30 mm; hidden suspension loops are located at all corners and ends of the seams, i.e. in total you will need 8 pcs.

The universal shelf is of a conventional design. It is made of 16-24 mm laminate and is designed for connection with confirmations. The ends are edged. Suspension points - 3, at the upper outer corners.

A large-capacity book shelf for a private library is a special matter. First, the weight. Collection in 2000 volumes in hardcover (and this is not a lot), weighs under a ton. Then, size. It is impossible to predict in advance how many there will be in folio, in quarto, in duodecimo, etc. over the years. Make all the shelves to fit the most big volume- a lot of extra space will go away, and shoving rare publications at random is not good at all. Finally, order: books should be arranged by subject, author, and spines should be visible.

Based on this, it makes full sense to move away from the strict conservatism inherent in bibliophiles, and to make more bookshelf with diagonally located cells, see fig. on right. Strength - it will withstand an elephant, material consumption, space and labor intensity are minimal, and 3-5 thousand volumes are all in plain sight without cataloging and filing cabinets. Which, however, are still needed.

For flowers

No. 3 in the list of necessity and usefulness - shelves for flowers. Russia is slowly restoring its reputation as the most reading country in the world, but did you know that Russians have always been and are some of the most active indoor growers? Outstripping even the Dutch. There, at least, you will not see such a window with flowers in an ordinary city apartment, as in the picture.

Indoor lemons (Pavlovsky), cucumbers (Rytovsky), winter indoor grapes - this is not all that our lovers have brought from the hinterland. And without shelves here, of course, there is no way: the window sill will not be enough, and there is little light in the back of the room.

However, begonias and other natives of dark tropical forests do not require a lot of light, and they decorate the room well. Such plants have a common property: a spreading rosette of leaves, so they are placed in floors so that they take up less space. Shelves for specimens are attached to a sufficiently strong and stable "trunk" and are bred a little to the sides so that the plants do not hang over one another and it is more convenient to care for. How a floor shelf of this type works is shown in fig. on right.

Note: begonias, tillandsias, etc. they grow better on such shelves than anywhere else. Nothing mysterious - most of them are epiphytes, i.e. settle on the branches and trunks of large trees, without harming the latter. And here - something similar to the usual biotopes.

You can't place a lot of pots on a vertical flower shelf, on the one hand. On the other hand, to the majority indoor plants and more light is needed. If you curtain the entire window with horizontal shelves, then little light will enter the room. The way out to flower growers has been known for a long time - inclined window shelves, whatnots, see fig. left. In addition to wood, they are also made on a frame made of rigid stainless steel wire - "silver" or an aluminum corner. Nowadays, the shelves can be made of glass and glued to the frame with silicone. Then the shelves themselves will hardly shade the room.

And if there are a lot of flowers? And is there a room that is bright and warm enough, but not spacious enough? For example, a part of an insulated balcony converted into a mini greenhouse? Here, you cannot hang the window with flowers, and because the plants can catch a cold. To occupy the main wall is also not an option; orchids, for example, do not tolerate hanging over one another. Well, in this case, you should build a more impressive "tree" bookcase, see next. See figure on the right. It has a twist: by putting a low-power heater inside (an incandescent or infrared lamp for 25-75 W), we provide heating of the roots and, therefore, plant health. They will develop and bloom perfectly: in the rainforest it can be quite cold at night, but the roots are heated due to the decomposition of the substrate, as in a greenhouse. In general, everything is at home.

Those who are fond of flowers, as a rule, have a dacha. Therefore, speaking of flower shelves, you cannot bypass the seedling shelves. On the one hand, they are temporary, they are needed only in the spring. On the other hand, seedlings are not exotic, you cannot overheat it, but you need a lot of light. The sprouts will be hot in the kitchen in the city.

If we are talking about 20-30 200 ml peat pots for our own needs, then good decision- vertical frame on the wall with lighting and inserted into the grooves glass shelves... 2 housekeepers for 18-24 W with a spectrum of 4100 K are enough for 20 pots. Place such a hanging rack (see next figure) in a place with the most favorable temperature.

When it comes to hundreds of sprouts, you will have to use an already insulated balcony or veranda. In this case, the main task is to distribute the light equally to the plants; tender and beautiful-looking young vegetation actually competes fiercely in cramped conditions, and up to half of those deprived of light can disappear. This task can be easily solved with the help of a shelf holder, made according to the principle of an articulated parallelogram, see fig. below the list. Parts designations:

1. base;
2. additional bar;
3. shelf rack;
4. longitudinal frame bar;
5. shelf;
6. cross bar of the frame;
7. spacer-compressive rod.

About aquarium shelves

Aquarium and plant growing are similar hobbies. If only because an aquarium is not an aquarium without live plants. However, any lover of ponds with glass banks knows that what bigger aquarium, the easier it is to establish life in it. And one "pelvis" most often cannot be done: not all species can be kept together, you need spawning ground, quarantine, etc. And then it turns out that all this economy either simply does not fit in the apartment, or the concentrated load on the overlap exceeds the stipulated 250 kg / sq. m. What can be manifested by cracks and shedding of the ceiling from the neighbors below. Which, perhaps, only tolerate fish in a frying pan.

The proven design of aquarium shelves in the room is shown in Fig. It is rather complicated: welded from a 40x40x2 mm professional pipe. But fully loaded (water in aquariums 400 liters, plus the rest, just under a ton), does not create problems in the old Khrushchev.

Kyotes

Religious fanaticism is not characteristic of Russia. Orthodoxy never conceived or approved of anything like the Inquisition, the Conquest, or the Jihad. Nevertheless, any theologian will say that Russians are mostly believers. How much someone truly knows only the one in whom they believe. However, a shelf for icons, or an icon case, is an indispensable accessory to very many, if not most, Russian dwellings.

In most cases, keyboards are made angular, at the top left and right in Fig. So, on the one hand, the gospel principle of the equality of all believers, except for God alone, is observed. On the other hand, it is convenient to place candles. However, the Orthodox rite does not prevent the icon cases from being straight, at the bottom right. In this case, an icon of Christ is placed in the center, the Virgin Mary is placed on the left, and the saint revered in the house on the right.

When decorating an icon case, you need to be very careful and know what is appropriate here and what is not. Openwork carving suitable, but God forbid broken lines, as in arabesques, and / or intricately intertwined lines, as in Celtic patterns. In general, nothing like pagan. From living beings, a dove and a symbol common to all Christians will certainly go - a fish. But there are no unicorns and other creatures deprived of goodness. However, decorating the icon case and barma for icons is a separate big topic.

NS Note: it is customary for the Old Believers to place each icon in a separate icon case (see fig. on the right) and hang the saints on the wall. It is not forbidden to keep icons like that by canonical Orthodoxy. However, when studying the drawings or considering a purchase, make sure that the cross is correct - the Old Believers have it eight-pointed, and they call the canopy, approved by the Nikonian rank.

Bathroom

In general, there are 2 types of shelves in the bathroom: for toiletries with detergents and linen with towels. The former should be absolutely hygienic, and the latter should be breathable. In the microclimate of public places, these requirements are difficult to match, and compactness is added to both.

A shelf for soap, shampoo, gel, sponge, etc., as already mentioned, is best glued from glass with aquarium silicone approximately as shown on the left in Fig. Aluminum or stainless steel suspension hinges are glued with the same glue. Suddenly, during gluing, the glue squeezed out - do not fuss until everything is completely dry; drying rate - 2 mm / day. That is, for example, if the glass shelves are 6 mm, then the product must dry for at least 3 days. After drying, unnecessary sausages are simply and without residue cut off with a safety razor blade or an assembly knife.

The gluing procedure itself is also simple: one sidewall is laid on a flat surface covered with plastic wrap, a thin sausage of glue is applied, no thicker than 2-3 mm, a second sidewall is placed and propped up glass jars so that there is a right angle. It is not necessary to dry, press, load - the silicone itself will crawl into the slightest crack. By the way, on hands and clothes too, so be careful. Suddenly, hands got dirty, they are immediately washed with warm water and vinegar, and then with soap. Fresh silicone can be removed from clothes with table vinegar, but if it grabs, then that's it. Yes, the shelves in the square of the sidewalls can be glued after half the curing time of the initially applied glue, and the hinges are glued after the product is completely dry.

The easiest way to make a shelf for linen and towels is to follow the pattern on the right in fig. But simpler: pieces are taken on horizontal supports propylene pipe, and on the frames for towels - wire rod, covered with a heat-shrinkable tube (HERE). Blind sockets are drilled under the supports in the wall, threaded collet anchors are inserted into them, into which threaded rods are screwed, and pipes are already put on them with a slight interference fit. Their gaping front ends are muffled, at least with polyurethane foam or foam plugs.

For the sake of hygiene, it is better not to pass the ropes through the holes, but to circle them around the supports with sea knots - bayonets, see fig. on right. Around the far - double, and around the near, so that you can pull up - simple.

Note: many people think that sea knots are difficult to tie and impossible to untie (give away). This is not true, most knots are simple and reliable. Think, because they were developed by people who needed to knit and give a knot, on which the life of the whole team, perhaps, depended, hanging unsupported at a height, at night, in a storm, under blinding snow or pouring rain, and often wielding with only one hand ... But sea knots are, again, a separate conversation.

The shelf in the toilet differs from the bathroom in the toilet paper tray. Let's say right away that it makes no sense to do it yourself, it's easier to buy. But for those who like to tinker, we will certainly bring the profile of the tray ourselves, from which the roll does not roll out when unwinding, both from above and below, see fig. It can be bent from a heated PVC sheet or plexiglass.

For a roll of 150 mm in diameter, say, American cool paper with portraits of presidents, heroes, Hollywood beauties, copies of dollar bills, etc. (from $ 6 to $ 30 per roll, by the way) cage pitch - 10 mm. Under the usual, without perversion, Nashensky with a diameter of 90-110 mm - 7-8 mm.

Kitchen

There are already 3 types of shelves for the kitchen: general purpose, for plates, mostly expensive decorative ones, and bread. On the first, they put a different difference beating, waking up, spilling and even, perhaps, hot. In order not to roll on the head, the shelves are tilted inward, against the wall, by 2-3 degrees. There is no need to do the sideboard, you can in a hurry, as they say, hook with the bottom of the dishes, with the same scandalous effect. Under the general kitchen shelf, a hanger for towels and rags is most often arranged, see fig.

The plate shelves come from a time when china and earthenware was a symbol of prestige and was on display. Now they hold more decorative plates of an exclusive type, for example, gift boxes with portraits and inscriptions, souvenirs, etc. The shelf for plates is made narrower, the slope of the shelves inward is more, 5-10 degrees, and they are also equipped with crossbars that protect the dishes from falling out. The drawing is in Fig.

Bread shelves, in which you can keep white, black bread and pastries together, are made open, exclusively from deciduous tree on dowels and carpentry glue or PVA. They are hung from a higher place, if only you could reach it with your hand, then the bread will be stored longer. The drawing is on the trail. rice. In this case, a round piece of wood was not hung, but a handle for which the shelf is removed if you need to cut a lot at once.

Note: in fact, the main thing for kitchen shelves is not the design, but their placement. The basics of kitchen ergonomics are illustrated by the trace. rice:

Hallway

The shelf in the hallway, if it is not a shoe, is similar to a general-purpose kitchen, with two differences. First, the sheets of the shelves are recruited from wooden slats or plastic pipes at intervals to ventilate the hats placed on them. Secondly, hooks for bags, umbrellas, etc. are attached to the sidewalls. And as for clothes, they are hung on a hanger. And in the hallway it will come in handy if there is a bicycle, a shelf like the one in fig. And a steel, sorry, XXI century, carbon fiber horse does not occupy the floor, and there is a place to put a helmet, gloves, knee pads.

How would it be simpler?

Most of the shelves described above do not require any special qualities. Therefore, before moving on to specific ones, let's see if it is possible to do something simpler, cheaper and, if possible, without special tools. That is, is it possible and how to make good, strong and durable shelves from scrap materials that clog the pantry or basement for nothing?

Note: creative shelves from something unnecessary, see fig., let's leave it alone. For those who can do this, articles on shelves should not be read, but written. In wicker, fruits and vegetables are stored for a long time.

What is the most handy material, the most seemingly unnecessary, but useful in business? Packaging cardboard: boxes made of it need to be stored until the warranty ends, and then what to do with them? So let's try to make cardboard shelves.

Cardboard crafts are not a curiosity, incl. and furniture. Lovers usually either type a supporting frame, pos. 1 in the figure, paste over it and assemble the product from the blocks obtained, or simply glue more sheets together so that it comes out more or less firmly, pos. 2, or a complex spatial structure with sufficient rigidity is assembled according to the patterns, pos. 3. After puttying and painting, something looks quite decent, pos. 4.

We will go the other way. First, we will process the cardboard to give it its initial added strength; this is easy and inexpensive to do. Secondly, we will take into account the presence of corrugation in the packaging cardboard, i.e. stiffening ribs. And then we use the so-called principle. a geodetic set of spatial structures. It sounds, perhaps, and scary, but it is done easily, and the possibilities of geo-typing are shown in Fig. on right. With such damage, World War II aircraft with a fuselage geo-kit returned safely to the base. As in the pilot's song of those years: "On parole and on one wing."

So, processing. A sheet of cardboard is laid on a plastic film spread on the floor and treated with a brush with a water-polymer emulsion or diluted 3-5 times clean water PVA. A day later, when it dries up, turn over and process the other side. After drying, you can cut it out with a mounting knife and glue the sides with the sides.

The trick of geositting is that the corrugations of the sheets that make up the part are oriented in a certain order:

• Lower, 1st - along the longitudinal axis of the part.
• 2nd - at 45 degrees to it in any direction.
• 3rd - perpendicular to 2nd, i.e. at 45 degrees from the longitudinal axis or corrugation of the 1st to the other side.
• 4th - perpendicular (orthogonal) to 1st.

The 5-layer set will be even stronger: the corrugations of the 1st and 5th layers - along the longitudinal axis, the 3rd, middle - orthogonal to them, and the 2nd and 4th - at 45 degrees in different directions. In this case, it will be easier to choose a groove for the edge (did you forget about edging?), It will have to be just on the corrugation of the 3rd layer, and not between the layers.

Note: blanks of layers, of course, need to be cut with some allowance, so that later the part is cut exactly to size.

You need to glue the layers quickly, without waiting for the PVA to set. Glue is applied with a brush with rays from the center with a stroke of the contour (see Fig.), Then smeared over the entire plane, apply the next layer, etc. You need to glue on a lined film. The glued workpiece is covered with the same film and lightly loaded. It is best to do this with books: the load will be absolutely uniform, and at the same time, the cardboard slightly sagging from the glue will not be sold. And what strength and rigidity the dried part will acquire - we will not paint, glue the piece and check.

Now we put the parts together. This is also done with glue at the ends. Only now you need to glue according to all the rules: wait for the glue to gel (its film will begin to turn yellow), press the parts tightly to each other and, without moving, load them with oppression or wrapping them with an elastic cord.

The only thing left to do is to reinforce the end connections. any adhesive joint does not hold shear loads well. There is nothing complicated here either: we use toothpicks or, better, sharpened plastic sticks from ear tampons. For them, we take glue "Moment", etc.

The sockets for the tie pins are pricked with an awl with a pitch of 40-70 mm. Then a drop of glue is injected into each one in turn and a hairpin is stuck. They put the knot on the priest and dig in the pins with glue on top. When it dries, the knot is turned over and the reinforcement is continued until everything is ready.

If you have an old bamboo rod lying around, then it is better to dissolve it with a knife into splinters 3-5 mm wide and use them as hairpins. It is necessary to saw the bamboo in the knots, then the broadening of the splinters-hairpins to the outer edge will give additional resistance of the joints to lateral loads.

Note: edges are edged after painting. Instead, you can paste over the ends with thin cardboard or thick paper, and paint everything together.

By sea

Another option for shelves from something is shown in Fig. The materials are not entirely junk: good boards and rope. But it can be done, including alignment, in half an hour. How - it is clear from Fig.

A curious belief

Lovers of black humor often knit loops at the lower ends of the ropes of such shelves for hanging. Most of them are superstitious people, so we remind you: the rope of the hanged man brings happiness only if a big villain was actually hanged on it. If the execution did not take place; For example, a condemned person received a pardon at the last moment, then a blank rope will bring great misfortune. In this case, it was supposed to be burned with prayer against evil spirits, and the same chaplain who confessed, communed and served the funeral service for the condemned should have read it.

TV subtleties

Modern flat-panel TVs are convenient to hang from the wall on a swing arm, but it is no longer a shelf or furniture at all. However, this is not about that. And why are "cool plasma" or LCD placed on pedestals like the one on the left in the picture? Is it just a perverse taste for the sake of? It would seem that something long should be in harmony with the fruit of high technology, so that you can put additional acoustics, with niches for a player, a satellite tuner and boxes for disks and cassettes, who still have them, together with a "video recorder", and a completely technogenic look.

The point is in the very acoustics. In bass, at low frequencies up to 150-200 Hz. In modern AC, the amplitude-frequency characteristic (AFC) by means of electronics, together with a large excess of amplifier power, is stretched to the desired uniformity, but the laws of nature cannot be deceived, and the phase-frequency characteristic (PFC) inevitably bends at the same time. As a result, the bass turns out to be harsh. Pop "boom-boom-boom" is directed to this feature, but, say, on symphonic music or on "Deep Purple" from a well-digitized DMM vinyl, the difference will be heard by the person who stepped on the ear. It is for the sake of uniform phase response that connoisseurs prefer closed-type wooden acoustics of a large volume or even open ones with acoustic impedance panels (PAS), and ignore phase inverters and systems with control electronics.

Here the seemingly extremely utilitarian upper niche of the shelf can come into play if it is made of coniferous wood (preferably spruce) and, like an open acoustic resonator, is tuned to about 63 Hz. The resonator catches the slightest tremor on the bottom of the TV itself, since its body is plastic, and gives the bass juice and softness. Not to the lamp velvet, but still more pleasant to listen to. So connoisseurs are looking for old shabby chests of drawers with suitable niches and pay decently for them, and even more for restoration.

And we will not spend money on antiques. On the right in Fig. with a TV - a drawing of an acoustic shelf for a TV; dimensions - in cm. The material, as already mentioned, is spruce or pine. The tree must be seasoned, straight-grained, free of twists and twigs. The lower niche will accommodate equipment and media, but the upper one should be left free to heighten the effect. Collected on dowels and PVA. Back wall the lower niche may have windows for cables, but the upper one is necessarily deaf.

Instrumental

A shelf for tools is, first of all, probably not a shelf, but a cabinet: a more or less experienced craftsman does not hold the tool in bulk, but hangs it on hooks or in clamps, as shown in Fig. on right. Second: quality material- plywood 10-16 mm, impregnated with a water-polymer emulsion or dense deciduous wood, also impregnated or impregnated. Impregnation is needed from hygroscopicity, so that the tool does not rust and does not lose accuracy.

A simple alternative to the locker is in the video below.

Video: Tool Shelves from Pipe Scraps

Children

It is an axiom that a shelf for children should be strong enough and environmentally friendly. So here best material- seasoned natural wood or MDF. Wood materials with impregnation (OSB, chipboard) are not suitable, who knows if the manufacturer is telling the truth that without phenolic compounds. Fresh wood is also undesirable; allergies are possible from its fumes.

There is one more circumstance: the shelf in the nursery must take into account the peculiarities of child psychology. The point here is not in test conversations, but in the fact that the neural connections in his brain have not yet developed. And if things go wrong, then it will be useless to explain and persuade. Therefore, the design of the children's shelf is the first priority.

For example, the one on the left in the figure holds objects quite well, but it looks like a prison by a prison. The bunny just shouts to an adult: "Let me out of here!" And he held out his paw imploringly. And what about a child who perceives toys as being close to him?

The other 2 contribute to the development of disorder. Connections between neurons in the brain are formed not by some abstract ideas, but by information coming from the senses. Vision gives over 80% of it. And if everything is slanting and flickering in front of your eyes, then porridge will knead in your brains.

So, the main requirement for the design of a children's shelf is simple shapes, soft colors, matte texture. The fact that mirrors cannot be hung in, and in general everything is shiny, is well known.

In the toy shelves, you need to take into account gender differences, which the children themselves may not even know about. For example, a boy without a ball is not a boy. And even cars, airplanes, locomotives. These things, from his point of view, are valuable in themselves. By analogy: Audi is Audi, and Zaporozhets is Zaporozhets in any garage. So he needs a shelf for toys rather in the form of trays, so long as the contents are at hand, do not fall on the floor and are not lost, on the left in Fig.

Any girl is, first of all, a woman and a hostess. For both her and her toys, it is important not only how they look, but also what setting they are in. Conclusion: it is better to make shelves for girls' dolls and utensils in the form of a house, on the right in the same place. Let's remember that toys for children are not toys, but their own little world. So dolls need a home with a boudoir too.

And more - about originality

Shelves, as mentioned at the beginning, are easier to make than any other furniture. There is a great temptation to be original here, since there are more than enough stunning creations of famous designers. However, we must not forget that the main thing is functionality. The designer differs from the layman in that, while inventing the first, he constantly keeps the second in mind. Let's look at examples of what is wrong and correct original shelves.

Let's say pos. 1 in fig. As you wish, and I will not drink wine from a bottle where sediment accumulates in the neck. Wine bottles are stored horizontally, as everyone knows. By the way, a mini-wine cellar in an apartment is easy to make from cardboard pipes on PVA, see the pic on the right.

Now pos. 2. Formally, everything seems to be correct, but - you will get confused in this maze. Pos. 3 - natural twigs, this is definitely cool, but then general style you need the appropriate one. And so - a mote in the eye, and nothing more. Pos. 4 - God bless him that you won't put anything on the sloping areas. Perhaps the owners have 100 squares per person. But are they sure their cat knows how to handle books? Why not immediately put a saucer of valerian next to them? Pos. 5 - it will fall down. And, according to the law of meanness, just on the face and just when something is poured in the bottles.

On the trail. rice. - examples successful decisions... Pos. 1 - not only rounded shapes give the effect. Without going into subtleties, a piece in hours. They are also round and hang where they need to be. In the center, it would be acceptable, but not quite right. Complete symmetry is boring. Pos. 2 - it is immediately clear to a more or less developed person that this is a tree. With all the resulting associative structure. But, in the words of Georgy Vitsin (the smartest, thinnest and teetotal person, by the way) as a Coward from the "Caucasian Captive", without "bad excesses." Simple and tasteful.

Pos. 3 is generally a masterpiece. It was just a skillful painting of the most utilitarianism, and the shelves became invisible. This, one might say, is the aerobatics of originality. Pos. 4 - the associations are obvious, but graceful and understandable, flowers on a tree. And the effect is no weaker because the flowers in this case are Uzambara violets, which are not epiphytes at all. And since the effect is sturdy, then this is good luck. Pos. 5 - originality made it work. Specifically, there are a lot of flowers, but they take up little space and hardly shade the light. To achieve this, you also need delicate work; first of all - mental.

Shelves are mounted on the wall not only for direct placement of books and souvenirs. When you choose the right design for wall shelves, they can be a practical and elegant decoration for a room and an opportunity for you to express your creativity.

Shelves are mounted on the wall not only for direct placement of books and souvenirs

Furniture such as wall shelves has its own classification. The types of wall shelves are grouped according to the place of installation, materials and construction. By the type of installation, the following can be distinguished:

1. Classic hanging shelves... Ordinary type, which is hung over furniture (sofa, table) using standard holders. They are quite simple to make, so you can make them yourself.
2. Suspended. They differ from hinged ones in that they are not attached to the ceiling with chains, rope or belts.
3. Corner. As a rule, they have a triangular shape, which is mounted on two walls. They can be located both in the internal and in outside corner. The best option for small rooms.
4. Floor shelves. They are ordinary shelving or shelving with legs. They can be attached to the wall if they are narrow and unstable.
5. Mods. Fancy shelves on the wall, having a variety of abstract shapes. They can have not only an original design, but also be placed at an angle to the wall.

By material, wall shelves are divided into the following types:

• wooden;
• glass;
• metal;
• combined.

Living room options

This room is where guests rate you. Living room shelves can be of any shape and size. The more unusual the design, the more chances to surprise guests. You can borrow ideas from interior designers or come up with your own. You can install high-tech square shelves or long wooden shelves, artsy and simple, stylized as Victorian era or country.

If you are thinking of making wall shelves for flowers, you should take into account the peculiarity of the material: it must withstand plant pots. If their dimensions are small, you can use wood or durable glass; if large, it is desirable to use metal.

The first design option for flower shelves provides for a more strict design. You can hang 2-3 hexagon-shaped shelves on the wall. It is not recommended to place them on the same level; it is better to install them at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other. If there are many shelves, you can install them according to the principle of a honeycomb, the main thing is that there are small distances between them.

The second design option provides heavy, sturdy shelves that can support large, weighty pots. You can hang a rack on the wall in the form of graceful forged steps. The very area of ​​the steps will serve as flower stands.

The third floral option is simpler, suggesting a cozy decoration for small plants. White-painted wood is best suited for this.

How to make cardboard shelves (video)

Cabinet shelves

The overall interior of a workspace should usually create a serious business environment. Book shelves can be part of a proper ambiance. In this case, it is recommended to use rectangular shelves made of dark wood. If the overall color of the interior is not suitable for this, you can use light wood. Whether they will be single-tier or two-tiered depends on the taste of whoever will work in the office.

If the dimensions of the room allow, the location of the shelves above the table will be good. This will make the setting more formal.

The ideal option for a study would be the installation of shelves for pictures. If the images are heavy, very durable wooden fasteners because metal or glass shelves are not suitable for paintings. When choosing shelves, the design of the picture frames should be taken into account. You can hang a lot of shelves or just put up book shelves, turning the study into a library.

Kitchen solutions

Installing decorative shelves in the kitchen is much more difficult, since in this room most of the space is occupied by racks for dishes and food. In this case, unusual alternatives can be used.

The original shelves in the kitchen provide for hanging models that will be installed over an oblong table, if there is one in the room. You can install a shelf to hold the glasses.

Considering that there is always little free space in the kitchen, modern ideas presuppose the installation of a special pull-out shelving in a narrow space between the refrigerator and the wall. Supplies can be placed there that do not need to be kept in a cold environment.

Shelves in the kitchen are hung for decoration only if they take up little space. The best option would be to install small shelves for flowers above the table, if the table is located against the wall.

For bedroom

You should not put bright and massive shelves in the bedroom. Soothing beautiful elements the decor of the bedroom will look cozy and inspire pleasant thoughts before going to bed. If the owners read at night, simple shelves should be installed above the bed. It is advisable to use furniture made of light, soothing wood.

Glass models installed in the spaces between windows or on the wall in the opposite place will be interesting shelves for the bedroom. In the latter case, glass structures can be installed in the form of circles, when the lower shelves will increase towards the middle and decrease towards the top.

Other rooms

Wall shelves in the interior of a children's room should be made small, but functional, possibly with drawings. Images can be made using wallpaper, which is pasted over the shelves.

The shelf in the children's room will look beautiful if it is styled with a few letters. Thus, the child will learn the alphabet. Such models are equipped with partitions, so that they are ways to fit both books and toys.

An original shelf on the wall in the children's room will be furniture styled under a tree. The trunk will play the role of a partition, and books and other things will be located on the branches. Nursery shelves are often purchased with soft, rounded edges and corners so that the child does not get hurt when accidentally bumped.

The shelves in the hallway can also have an unusual design. Wall-mounted shelves in the hallway should primarily contain shoe compartments in the lower compartment and upper compartments for storing important small items.

It is better to make shelves in the interior of the hallway from a dark material. The color will mask dirt and dust from unclean shoes. Plastic finish, in unlike wood, it will not swell on contact with moisture.

DIY plywood wall shelf (video)

With your own hands

DIY wall shelves are not as difficult to make as it seems. For beginner craftsmen, it is better to make shelves from wood. The set of tools is standard: jigsaw / saw, abrasive paper, drill, screwdriver / screwdriver, screws, wood varnish and square. Before starting work, be sure to familiarize yourself with safety precautions.

It is better to make a shelf on the wall with your own hands by starting with calculations. For a book model with partitions and a top cover, you will need 6 boards: 2 x 50 cm (for side walls), 2 x 96 cm (for bottom and top) and 2 x 26 cm (for partitions). Each of them is made 2 cm thick. The boards are ground and fastened with a screwdriver. Make sure that all screws enter straight. When screwing in the partition boards, you should get 3 cells. You need to make sure that all of them are placed proportionally. When the partitions are ready, the side walls are attached. Here you need to screw in the screws from the side, top and bottom. To ensure that they are positioned correctly, it is advisable to use a special screw angle with holes, which will indicate the correct placement of the holes.

When the homemade book keeper from the boards is completely screwed in, sharp corners should be removed and the entire structure should be sanded with abrasive paper to eliminate all imperfections. Then the shelves are completely varnished in 3 layers. Each of them dries from 16 to 40 hours. When the shelves are painted with varnish, holders are installed at the back, thanks to which they will be attached to the wall.

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