Sealant for heating pipes: which sealant to choose? Connection of heating pipes Necessary equipment for welding

When installing a new heating system, changing batteries or re-sealing threaded connections in the heating system before the start of the heating season, take a couple of minutes of your attention to what materials the specialist will use in his work and how he will seal, for example, a pipe leading to your heating system. Houses. Why is it important?

If you are ready for all these risks, then you can continue to use flax, paint and in the old fashioned way. However, the use of FUM tape or flax has long been replaced by safer, more reliable and durable sealing methods. assembly units and heating piping systems. These are modern thread sealants - anaerobic gels and polymer threads, which are great for home heating systems and more.

If you have to install or repair a heating system in the near future, it is better to choose modern sealants, which are several times easier to use and economical, but are even more reliable than traditional sealing materials.

You can buy modern seals at the best prices on our website in the section.

The cosiness and comfort of the house depends on many factors. One of the main ones is home heating. Do-it-yourself installation of a heating system is quite possible. But in order to avoid mistakes and get a quality result, you need to understand the basics of the installation process and decide on the type and method of heating.

First of all, you need to calculate such parameters as the area and number of rooms, the amount of time during which you need to turn on the heating. And he will decide on the choice of radiators, pipes and make a list of the necessary tools and materials.

Required Tools

First, consider a number of tools for the job. Some of them are quite specific and will be needed only once, so look around, ask your friends so as not to waste money.

Hammer, ruler, tape measure, pencil;
Fum tape, paste for sealing threaded joints;
Sandpaper, hedgehog;
Level (can be laser - saves time);
Adjustable and wrench (preferably small and large of each type);
or set ;
, in some cases ;
Pipe cutter manual or electrically driven;

For plastic pipes:

Soldering apparatus plastic pipes with various nozzles;

For copper pipes:

Blowtorch for soldering copper pipes;
Solder for copper pipes, flux paste;

Types of radiators

This is one of the most important points. It is through the heating of the air and the room itself. be guided not only by the appearance and aesthetics, but also by its main characteristics: power, working and maximum pressure and working temperature. This is especially important if you plan to connect it to a centralized heating system, where 4-10 atmospheres is the usual operating pressure. And with the onset of the heating period, it increases one and a half times (to check the tightness).

But if the plans heating system– then these nuances disappear. A radiator operating under pressure up to 6 atmospheres is enough for you.

The most popular today are 4 types: aluminum, steel, bimetallic and cast iron radiators.

Aluminum radiators

Aluminum radiators are considered very efficient due to the high heat transfer of the material. After turning on, these radiators heat up the room pretty quickly and cool down just as quickly if you turn off the heating. This is also due to the small volume of the device.

Very often, aluminum radiators are installed together with a thermostatic head to automatically increase or decrease the hot water supply.

From the outside, aluminum radiators are very aesthetically pleasing. Rectangular plates, mostly white color covered with a special heat-resistant enamel, which is resistant to high temperatures. This is another plus, since it will not need to be renewed every year. Like cast iron radiators, aluminum can increase power by changing the number of sections. They are resistant to condensation and humid air, so they can be safely used in the bathroom and kitchen.

If the advantages of this type of radiators are low weight, high operating pressure and compactness, then of the minuses is the possibility of corrosion. Aluminum easily reacts with copper parts, and it also does not tolerate a high pH level (permissible 7.5). For this reason, it is better not to use them for a centralized heating system.

Due to possible chemical reactions, aluminum radiators are mounted together with a Mayevsky valve to remove the resulting gas.

Another disadvantage when used in the CSO is the operating temperature. At aluminum radiators it is 45-60 degrees, and in the CSO it can reach 85 degrees.

Steel radiators

Modern steel radiators have a very attractive design. Like aluminum are coated special paint, mostly white, but can be dyed in any shade at the request of the customer. The advantage of such radiators is their relatively low price and high heat transfer. Also, this type of radiator is one of the most hygienic.

There are two types of steel radiators - panel and tubular.

Speaking about the inertia of cast-iron radiators as a bad side in terms of adjusting the temperature in the room, do not forget that this has its pluses. When other types of radiators are turned off, they immediately cool down, while the cast iron one continues to radiate heat.

Another plus, which many consider a minus: slow air heating and section power of about 100 W, which is 1.5 times less than other radiators. Here is your focus. The fact is that cast iron, unlike other radiators, have a radial type of heating. This fully compensates for the shortcomings, since, in addition to air, walls and objects that themselves begin to radiate heat are heated from cast-iron radiators.

The weight of the cast-iron radiator is the largest of all (one empty section weighs 5-6 kg), but this is not a very significant minus. Another disadvantage was the appearance of the stock radiators. But with the development of technology, today such beautiful radiators are being created that you can equate them with works of art. Well, such a thing is not cheap, so the choice is yours.

There are 3 types of these pipes - brazed, seam, seamless. For home heating, the best option would, of course, be seamless, the risk of leakage of which is many times less. Diameter from 10 to 25 mm.

Of the minuses of these pipes the following can be distinguished:

Low resistance to aggressive environment in comparison with other pipes; 6-7 years - this is how long the pipe will last before corrosion begins.
Poorly withstands a pressure surge;
Outwardly, they are very poorly combined with the interior of the room;
High price;
Low throughput;

There is an important point to be aware of when buying steel pipes. Sometimes they are coated with zinc to avoid corrosion. In such cases, never use welding to connect pipes. The zinc coating will simply burn out, and the welding site will turn into the weakest link in the heating system.

Copper pipes

The first and most important quality of copper pipes is that they are almost resistant to corrosion. The only thing that can seriously harm copper pipes is the galvanic couple formed as a result of a chemical reaction with other metals. Therefore, you need to carefully monitor. In some cases, manufacturers can cover the pipes with a layer of polyethylene, which improves the appearance and protects against external moisture and condensation.

Issued copper pipes diameter 10-54 mm. There are two types - soft and hard. Of the other advantages, it should be noted the working temperature limits from -200 to + 200 ° and bactericidal action. Copper pipes withstand pressure surges better, and the service life is up to 100 years. The price, of course, is far from average and high thermal conductivity is also a significant minus.

Pipes can be connected in 3 ways:

Coupling;
Thread cutting;
Spike;

Stainless steel pipes

Another type of pipe, characterized by high resistance to any type of corrosion. There are two types: seamless and electrowelded. The first are 5 - 126 mm in diameter, the second - 6 - 1420 mm. As in previous cases, it is recommended to use the seamless option.

Pros:

Large throughput;
Withstanding pressure surges;
The service life reaches 100 years.

A significant disadvantage for most buyers is the high price. Yes, and high thermal conductivity will have a bad effect on the temperature of the heater. Stainless steel pipes are also connected using couplings, threads or welding.

plastic pipes

One of the most popular pipes today is plastic. The most important advantage of these pipes, which makes them so popular, is absolute resistance to favorite types of corrosion. Plastic pipes will last at least 50 years. An important point is the absence of noise from the flow of water through them.

An important factor is the lowest thermal conductivity among all types of pipes. This will save some heat. Also, plastic pipes withstand great pressure and its jumps, they are the cheapest and easiest to install. Below we consider the varieties of plastic pipes.

Metal-plastic pipes

The design of these pipes is made up of an outer and inner layer of plastic and aluminum foil 0.2-0.3 mm thick between them. The polyethylene itself is very strong, has a roughness of about 0.004, a break limit of 70 bar, and a working temperature of up to 95°.

The aluminum ball plays a very important role in the construction of the pipe. Thin and elastic, it is at the same time durable, prevents the pipe from deforming and elongating when exposed to temperature.

Withstand pressure up to 10 bar at 95 degrees. For some time they can tolerate an increase in temperature up to 130 °. The service life of pipes reaches 50 years.

Polyethylene pipes

Polyethylene pipes are environmentally friendly, they also do not give in to corrosion and are resistant to abrasion. Also, the advantages include light weight, strength and flexibility, ease of installation.

Features of polyethylene pipes:
Service life 60-100 years;
Withstand very low temperatures;
Withstand pressure drops and mechanical impact, due to which they are used in seismically active zones;
Working pressure at 0-25° reaches 25 bar;
A short period of time are able to work at a temperature of 100 °;

Polypropylene pipes

This type is more rigid than the others, because they are bent under a large radius. Also for these pipes you need more corner fittings. The installation process itself is more time-consuming and costly than that of the same metal-plastic pipes.

Specifications:

Operating temperature = 70°;
Working pressure 10-25 bar;
Service term 50 years;

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) pipes

PVC pipes They are made from thermoplastic polymer. The operating temperature of these pipes is the lowest of the plastic family - 70-90 °. Feature of PVC pipes - chemical resistance and low flammability. Like other plastic pipes, they are characterized by corrosion resistance, strength, low price, high working pressure.

Heating system installation

This process involves disconnecting and dismantling old radiators and pipes. Selection of new radiators by calculating and determining the type of pipes to be used in the heating system. Soldering pipes and fastening pipes and radiators to walls. Connection of all elements of the system and connection to a heat source.

Small calculations

In order to choose the right radiators for your heating system, you need at least to determine the place where it will be installed, the number of windows and the number of external walls.

To heat a room with 1 window and 1 outer wall, up to 3 meters high, you need about 100 watts. Then just add power based on the following calculations:

+1 outer wall +20% power;
+1 outer wall and 1 window +30% power;
+1 north-facing window +10% power;
If the radiator is closed with a panel, then + 15%, and if it is in a niche, then + 5% to power;

When summing up several points, additional percentages of power are added up.

The approximate dimensions of the radiator are determined using some rules:

The distance from the window sill to the radiator is at least 10 cm, from the radiator to the ceiling 6 cm. The width of the radiator should occupy at least half the width of the window, and preferably 75%.

Water supply shutdown

Very often there are problems with disconnecting the riser, to replace or repair the heating system. The stand is public property. The municipal service has access to it. If you receive a refusal to turn off the riser for the duration of the work, be sure to require that the refusal be submitted in writing. Then you will have something to go to court. Everyone understands this very well and in most cases it does not come to this. The management company is simply obligated to fulfill the requirements of the tenant. But this service (disabling the riser) is paid. The price varies from 500 to 1500 rubles per hour in different areas.

There is another pitfall in the process of replacement or repair - neighbors. There are situations when you need access to neighboring apartments, and "friendly" neighbors refuse to provide it. Of course it's theirs private area, but there are regulations (housing code, art. 3, 8, 36, 37, 129), according to which permanent access to a public riser can be provided even without their consent. Therefore, you again have the opportunity to go to court. Having explained this well to the neighbors, you can get by with just one conversation.

Radiator preparation

Before installing the radiator, you need to pack it. This is the name of the process of installing plugs, fittings and the Mayevsky crane into the radiator holes.

To begin with, we take the futorki and screw in 4 places. Usually there are 2 with left and 2 with right threads, we tighten them with an adjustable wrench with medium force. They already come with a silicone gasket, so there is no need to seal them with anything else. Next, we find the front side of the radiator and determine from the old radiator which side the liner comes from. For example, on the left. Then we screw the plug on the right from the bottom, and the Mayevsky crane on top. It is needed to vent air when filling the radiator with water.

Now, on the left side, below and above, we install 2 fittings with an external thread and a crimp for supplying pipes to the radiator. We take a fum tape, wrap it around the external thread of the fitting and apply a paste to seal the threaded connections. The layer of paste should be approximately 2-3 mm. This paste will dry out during the cold season during the heating period and additionally make the connection more reliable. We put the fittings on the thread and tighten with an adjustable wrench until the futorka begins to unscrew, then with the same key we pull the futorka back. Remove excess paste with a towel. Actually, this completes the preparation of the radiator.

Dismantling of the old heating system

After the water in the riser is blocked, you need to drain the water from the radiators. To do this, connect the hose to the radiator drain valve, and let the other end out into the street through the balcony or into the sewer. Substitute an empty container under the place where the hose and valve are connected in case of a leak. If there are air valves in the system, open them to speed up the process of draining water. Then you can proceed to the next step.

Using a grinder, make two cuts on the pipe you plan to replace. The incisions are made at a distance of 5-15 cm from each other, deep, almost completely cutting the pipe. Now we take the gas key and, holding the place between the cuts, we break out this section. It is not worth cutting the pipe completely, it is fraught with jamming of the grinder disk and even traumatic.

Removing as much area as possible old pipe. It all depends on specific situation. In most cases, this is the distance from the radiator to the riser wiring or to the swivel fitting or plug of the adjacent radiator. Next, remove the old radiator from the wall. Here we either remove from the loops, or together with them, if they are “grown together” for for a long time. If the loops remain in the wall, they can be unscrewed, but sometimes they hold very firmly then, just saw off these loops with a grinder near the wall itself.

Next, using a gas wrench, unscrew the remaining parts of the old pipes. This must be done carefully so as not to damage or break the rest of the pipes and connections. If the thread does not lend itself, you can tap on it. In especially severe cases, heating the problem area with a blowtorch helps.

Now you can proceed to the installation of the radiator itself.

Radiator installation

Take a level to make marks. We put it against the wall opposite the thread of the eyeliner, from where a piece of the old pipe was unscrewed. Place marks at the level of the middle of the supply and return holes. In this way we reach the radiator holes. Now you need to substitute something under the radiator so that the middle of it threaded holes coincided with the marks, and makes notches on the wall for fastenings.

Assembly of pipelines

So far, work with the radiator is over. We pass to the eyeliners from the riser. They need to screw two ball valves. To do this, the valve must be with an external thread on one side and an internal thread on the other. If you have a faucet with two internal ones, then simply screw a special nipple on one side. All diameters are selected based on those that are already in the eyeliners. Usually it is ¾ inch or 20 mm. It is necessary to screw in the taps by wrapping the threaded area with fum tape and lubricating it with paste; you can also use tow and linen. Now put the tap on the thread and tighten with an adjustable wrench, remove the remaining remaining paste with a towel.

Tip: try to screw in the taps so that the valve handle is at the bottom. This will avoid accidental discovery or turning off the faucet if you catch them with something. It is very important if there are children in the house.

Pipe diameters in most cases take 20 mm for the distribution of apartment heating and 25-32 mm for the riser.

We take adapter fittings for soldering a copper pipe or plastic pipe and screw it into the wiring. It all depends on what type of pipes you choose. Next, we consider in detail 2 ways to install a pipeline for copper and plastic pipes.

Copper pipes

If there will be copper pipes, then screw the fittings only to try them on, then unscrew them back. Measure the desired length of pipe to the swivel fitting. Take the pipe and cut off the desired piece. After that, we clean the edges with the help of the same grinder. Place it lying down and drive the end of the tube in a rotating circle. Prepare your blowtorch. Preferably with a narrow end of the flame, but these are a little more expensive, so if it is not possible, then you can get by with the simplest one for 150-200 rubles. We prepare solder. You need to solder the transition fitting (from the riser wiring) to the tube separately, and then screw the fitting with the tube into place. If you do the opposite, there is a risk of burning the valve in the ball valve.

The end of the tube that we will solder needs to be cleaned. For this, the usual sandpaper, you just need to wrap the tube with it and rotate it in one or different directions until the end becomes noticeably lighter. Next, with the help of a hedgehog, we clean the inside of the fitting. Lubricate the end of the tube with flux paste and insert into the fitting until it stops. Remove excess paste with a towel. Now we heat the place of soldering with a soldering iron and for 30-40 seconds (the paste starts to turn white) and lower the solder. We repeat the same with another tube (we need 2 of them) and wait until it cools down.

Now we solder in the same way, just starting from the radiator. First, insert the tubes into the radiator and fix with clamps. In these places it is better to use this type of connection, since in the future it may be necessary to remove the radiator. Next comes the soldering of all connections in turn. Last, we weld the tube from the riser to the swivel fitting, after connecting the entire system together and adjusting it by moving the radiator left and right. That's all, the heating system using copper pipes is ready.

plastic pipes

Plastic pipes expand noticeably when heated, therefore they cannot be cemented in ceilings or walls, and during installation, you need to leave a little space for their “movement”.

By analogy with the previous option, all sections are measured and pipes are cut. It should be noted that for soldering plastic pipes, about 15 mm will go inside the fitting. Here we need a soldering iron with removable nozzles. Turn on the device and wait until it is fully warmed up (the indicator will turn red). Next, the tube is inserted into the soldering iron sleeve, and the fitting is put on the mandrel nozzle.

Pipe heating time:

20 mm - 4-5 seconds;
25 mm - 7-8 seconds;
32 mm - 10-12 seconds;

At a low temperature in the room where the work is carried out (+5 ° C and below), it is necessary to increase the warm-up time by 50%. Pipe manufacturers recommend a machine temperature of 250-300°C. It is undesirable to solder two tubes of different materials and manufacturers. If it is slightly heated, then the connection will not be strong, and if it is overheated, the permeability may significantly decrease or even the tube will completely stick together. The surfaces to be soldered must be dry and clean.

Having endured both halves of the specified time, pull out from the apparatus and connect them together, then hold motionless for 5-6 seconds. To avoid deflection when welding perpendicular or corner parts, make notches on both halves. At the same time, retreat at least 15 mm so that the notches can be seen when connecting pipes.

Always draw conditional scheme pipes and elbows where they will be mounted (on the wall or floor). It is not always necessary to weld the elements in a strict order, it is better to assemble several large segments and then connect them into a whole system.

If the sections are long and the system itself ends up being large, then use special fasteners for plastic pipes (if the installation is done on the wall). This moment should be determined before starting the soldering of pipes in order to mark and drill places for dowels in the wall.

If you need to choose a method for connecting pipes at home, then you need to decide on the material of the pipes and their purpose. That will depend on your choice.

Methods and types of pipe connection

The durability of the pipeline depends on how the pipes are interconnected, on their correct design and quality of parts. The main requirements for the connection are the preservation of strength when working under pressure, resistance to negative external influences and ease of installation.

Threaded pipe connection

One of the detachable methods is the connection of pipes using threads, which is used if pipes have to be disassembled. Detachable joints are not placed in places that are difficult to reach, otherwise it will be difficult to repair if a leak occurs. Advantages of the method:

suitable for connecting pipes of different diameters;
assembly can be done by a person without experience, professional skills and without special tools;
if seals are used, the thread will provide high tightness.

The only drawback of such a connection will be the difficulty of cutting the thread itself, for which special tools are used.

Threaded pipes are marked, if you look closely, you can see a fraction of two numbers, the numerator shows inner diameter, and the denominator is the outer dimension of the pipe.

Threaded connection methods

There are several ways to connect pipes using threads, but two are most in demand - squeegee and bidirectional thread.

The connection with the drive is used in cases where the pipes are motionless, they cannot be rotated around the axis. To do this, it is necessary that there are two pieces of pipe with different thread lengths. Prepare the coupling, locknut, any sealant. Coupling - connects two pipes, the lock nut holds the coupling, making it stationary, and the sealant prevents water from seeping between the threads. The connection is made as follows:

screw the locknut and sleeve onto the long thread;
bring a piece with a short thread and make the first turns with a coupling and a lock nut without sealing, in order to make it easier to find the end of the pipe to be connected;
tighten the locknut to the coupling at a distance of about 2-4 mm, the distance between them must be filled with a sealant;
the threads of flax or hemp are wound onto the thread from themselves, clockwise, and then a coupling and a lock nut are screwed onto them.

With this method of connection, the nut and coupling are, as it were, driven from a long thread to a short one, so it was called a drive.

Bidirectional threading involves the use of one coupling, which is wound simultaneously on two pipes at once. The pipes should have multidirectional threads so that the coupling pulls them together, as it were.

If one of the threads begins to let water through, then the coupling will have to be twisted from both pipes, and this is not very convenient.

Methods for sealing a threaded connection

One of the disadvantages of connecting pipes with threads is insufficient sealing if special seals are not used, this is especially true for gas pipes or those under high pressure. Now you can buy completely different sealants, for every taste and price - consider some of them.

What are threaded fittings

The most common threaded element for detachable connection of different pipes is a fitting with an internal and external thread. With their help, you can easily mount pipes or make their reconstruction, the main thing is that the joints are in easily accessible places. Minus - requires constant monitoring of their condition.

Materials used to make fittings: cast iron, brass, copper, bronze and stainless steel. In order to increase their anti-corrosion protection, these products are coated with zinc, nickel or chromium.

These connecting elements can be of different modifications:

couplings - used to connect straight pipes, have a thread located inside;
corner fittings are used to connect pipes going in different directions;
tees, crosses allow you to connect several pipes, can connect pipes of different materials and with different diameters;
plugs - in order to close the hole in the pipe.

Coupling with locknut

Coupling and locknut are used on pipes with short and long threads by the method of driving. In order for such a connection to be tight, the following rules must be observed:

use a seal: linen with drying oil, graphite putty;
make sure that the strands do not get inside the pipe, otherwise it may become clogged;
use a sliding key to jam the clutch on the run, this will not allow the clutch to move during use;
if it is not possible to advance the coupling to the end, then the structure should be disassembled, reducing the sealant layer, and assembled again;

Compliance with these rules does not guarantee that the connection will be tight, although a visual inspection of this place should sometimes be made to make sure that there is no leakage.

Detachable pipe connection without thread and without welding

There are many more ways to connect pipes without threads so that they can be separated later.

The choice of method will depend on which pipes need to be joined: they can be flexible - made of metal-plastic, polypropylene and polyethylene, and rigid - made of steel, cast iron and other non-ferrous metals.

With clutch

In order to connect two pipes, it is necessary to pass their ends through nuts, washers and gaskets and connect them inside the body. Now it remains only to screw the nuts. Gaskets are compressed and provide tightness, if this did not happen, then one more gasket ring should be added.

The most important thing is to choose a coupling of the required diameter. If you take a large coupling, then leaks cannot be eliminated.

Flange connection of steel pipes

Jointing with flanges is mainly used for steel pipes. A flange is a part for the repair and installation of individual parts of the pipeline. With this combination of pipes, several points are taken into account:

The nuts should not be skewed, so the sequence of their winding is as follows: first, they turn the nuts located one against the other, and not in a circle.
For plumbing, use a pad of rag cardboard soaked in drying oil.
For heating pipes, an asbestos cardboard gasket is needed.
The ends of the bolts should not stick out of the nuts more than half.
The inner diameter of the gasket should be slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe, and the outer one should not touch the bolts.
Do not use several gaskets for one flange, this will reduce the tightness.

The flange connection is used for pipes of both small and large diameters. Can be used for gas pipes, chimneys, sewers and others.

Push-in pipe connection

For the installation of plastic pipes, collet fittings are used, which consist of a body where a compression ring and a rubber gasket are placed. Advantages:

low cost and availability;
reliability;
ease of installation;
opportunity reuse collets.

Please note that sometimes this fastening loosens, so it is necessary to tighten it from time to time.

Connecting pipes in this way is simple: first, a collet is inserted into the pipe, and then the outer nut is tightened. Do the same with the second pipe. It should be remembered that this detail has high pressure on the pipe, therefore, when tightening the nut, it is important not to twist it in order to prevent the appearance of cracks and cracks.

With clamps

Types of connections are different, one of them is a quick-detachable pipe joint. It is carried out using clamps - a device in the form metal ring with tightening mechanism: nuts with metric thread. This method is designed to create a tightness of the hose, rubber pipes with a solid base. Installation is effortless.

Clamps can be different, for example, on sale you can find spring wire clamps that work on the principle of clothespins. Despite the simplicity of design, such devices can provide complete tightness of the connection.

Compression fittings

Compression fittings are used to connect plastic pipes. These parts allow you to make branches and turns, as well as increase the length of products. Advantages:

does not need constant monitoring, no need to periodically tighten the bolts;
can be laid in concrete or deep;
high degree of tightness, does not give in to corrosion;
easy and fast installation.

Types of permanent connection of pipelines

Sometimes there are situations when it is necessary to make a connection so that in the future it would be impossible to disassemble the entire structure. Such methods provide complete sealing of pipes and increase their strength, which is important for gas pipelines and heating systems.

Welding of metal pipes

Pipe welding is used mainly only for metal products. This method requires the involvement of specialists, since without skills and equipment it is impossible to make a high-quality welding seam.

Welding is carried out using gas, alternating and direct current, this requires welding units: automatic or semi-automatic.

There are two types of welding:

socket, when the outer end of one pipe and the inside of the second pipe are melted, then these parts are connected;
butt welding melts both ends of the pipes and then they are simply connected, getting a weld.

Soldering of polymer pipes

Since the plastic has a low melting point, it is easy to connect them if you have a special soldering iron. It is enough just to melt the ends of the pipe, and then simply connect them. The pipe obtained in this way will not be inferior in strength to a solid one, since the material is connected at the molecular level.

This method is useful when a part of the pipe needs to be replaced. To do this, it is enough to cut out the damaged part, and solder a new section without defects in its place.

Butler Coated Socket Seal Joint

The connection of metal pipes with anti-corrosion coating using Butler equipment is used in the following industries: oil and gas, housing and communal services. But more often it is used for the construction of oil pipelines and the laying of pipes intended for the transportation of gas.

The meaning of the connection lies in the fact that the pipes prepared at the enterprise are connected by pressing one into the other. The main advantage is the possibility of installation in any climatic conditions.

Compression coupling and press fittings

A permanent connection can be made using compression fittings in the form of press couplings. Inside there is a belt made of durable polymers, reminiscent of rubber. To connect, it is necessary to prepare the end of the pipe, strip it and insert it into the compression sleeve. After that, with the help of pressing tongs, the pipe should be clamped in this coupling. This method is used when it is not possible to make a thread or apply welding.

vibration resistance;
durability;
withstand high pressure.

Tension fittings

If it is necessary to hide the connecting elements, then tension fittings can be used for this purpose. Installation starts without pre-training ends of the pipes, it is not necessary to carefully select the diameter of the pipe to the diameter of the connecting fitting. With the help of the pressure exerted by the sleeve located inside the pipe on its outer walls, absolute tightness is achieved.

First, a coupling is pulled over the junction, the ends of the pipe are expanded with the help of an expander, now it is necessary to place a fitting and a gasket inside. With a vice, the coupling is pulled to the place where the pipes were joined.

Push fittings (push fittings)

This fitting consists of sealing ring, body, outer casing and inner ring. In order for the end of the pipe to easily enter the part, it is necessary to apply a little force, special devices are not required.

Such connectors are used in corners or in narrow spaces where it is inconvenient to make a connection in another way.

Connection of pipes of different diameters

To do this, you can use couplings, adapters, crosses and other connecting parts.

Plumbing can be joined using a coupling and a locknut if the pipe is straight and without corners. For a short connection, one sleeve is used, if a long one, a lock nut is added. The coupling must be marked with the diameters for which it is suitable. This method is applicable only for small pipes, for large diameters it is better to connect them by welding.

As you can see, there are many ways to connect pipes. It is possible to join pipes so that they cannot be disassembled in the future; such methods are used in hard-to-reach places to increase the strength and tightness of the connection.

Pipe connection: with clamps, without welding, with a coupling, with a thread, of different diameters

If you need to choose a method for connecting pipes at home, then you need to decide on the material of the pipes and their purpose. That will depend on your choice.

Ways to connect pipes without welding

Today, there are many more ways to connect pipes than traditional welding and threading. It depends on the material from which the connected products are made.

Metal (cast iron, steel, copper, stainless steel) and polymer (metal-plastic, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene) require a different approach.

Methods for connecting flexible pipes

For connecting flexible pipes without using welding machine fittings are used. They can also be connected with clutches that cover most of the connection. With the help of fittings, pipes are connected that have a diameter of up to 32 centimeters. However, it is considered impractical to assemble a large-diameter system in this way - the joint will have low reliability.

For joining polyethylene pipes of small diameter, compression fittings are used. This method is considered inexpensive and reliable. If the pipe has an average diameter, then it is better to use a coupling.

Connector device compression fitting

Rigid pipes

The main ways to connect rigid pipelines:

gluing;
use of clamps;
using connectors.

In plumbing systems, flanged connections are used.

Bell-shaped

The connection with sockets can be detachable and one-piece. This method is used for systems that are not subject to pressure. Examples are the joining of cast iron and plastic pipes in sewer systems:

You can use clamps. At the junction, the clamp is put on with a rubber lining.

To connect plastic or polypropylene pipes, glue is used. In this case, the system becomes inseparable.

In industry, pipes are connected in a nipple or hinge way. With the help of hinges, twists in the piping system can be avoided. For insert measuring instruments use a nipple connection.

Swivel connector for pipelines

Pressing and expanding

For the connection of copper pipes, pressing has proven itself. The work can be done quickly and easily. First, a so-called fitting is made using a pipe expander. The other end is inserted into it. The joint is clamped by a special pressing machine. Ready!

And copper pipes can be connected by flaring. If necessary, this product can be disassembled.

There are many ways to connect pipes without the use of welding and threading. Each is great for a particular type of pipe. But they have their advantages and disadvantages.

The strongest connections are flanged.

Fittings are good because you can disassemble the system at any time.

Let's just notice! Threadless and non-welding methods cannot be used in the heating system.

Connection of pipes without welding and threads: from copper, metal, polyethylene

How to connect pipes from various materials if it is not possible to weld or thread them. Which methods are the most reliable, and which are only suitable for

Connecting water pipes of different diameters

For the organization of water supply, pipes with a diameter of ½ inch or ¾ inch are usually used. They are connected by means of an inch or metric thread, cut at the ends of products. The designation of the thread corresponds to the diameter of the product.

Different diameters - no problem!

What to do if you need to connect products with different diameters? Work is done according to standard scheme, however, there are nuances. In a specialized store, you must purchase fittings for pipes with different diameters. On sale there are tees, crosses, squares (or angles), adapters, couplings and other shaped parts designed specifically for products with different diameters. Which parts to purchase depends on the specifics of the upcoming installation of the water supply. As is obvious, you can connect two products with different diameters with your own hands, and several at once.

Water pipes are joined using a coupling, a coupling and a lock nut. These parts are screwed onto the threads of the products. At the end of one of the products, a thread of seven turns is cut. The work is done by means of a lerka fixed in a lerko holder equipped with two handles. For convenience, the product is clamped in a vice or in a special clamp. There are two possible ways to proceed.

We connect products with our own hands using a coupling

The method is suitable in cases where one of the water pipes is straight, has no corners or is short. For the procedure for connecting products, one coupling is required. Its thread designation must correspond to the diameter of the connected products. Consider the algorithm of actions:

On one of the ends of the product with a thread in an even layer, clockwise relative to the working end of the product, hemp ridges are wound in 5-6 turns. The hemp must be pre-straightened;
The product, with a hemp end, is immersed in a container with oil paint. V coloring composition the thread must be completely immersed. Paint and hemp are needed to improve sealing, eliminate gaps. Then we take out the product, screw the coupling onto the working end with a pipe wrench, following the clockwise direction. We twist until it takes a lot of effort to continue working. Do not overdo it, otherwise the part may burst.

Tip: The end of the water pipe does not need to be immersed in paint. It is enough to lubricate it with an oil coloring composition using a regular brush.

We connect products with our own hands without welding

This method is optimal in cases where the second water pipe has a sufficient length, angles, and parameters that are inconvenient for twisting. With one of the products, we repeat the algorithm described above (hemp, Oil paint etc). Next, we proceed as follows:

On the second product, longer, an extended thread is made. Such that the coupling and nut enter the product completely, and a free edge of 2-3 mm remains.
The threaded ends of both products are joined, then the first product is twisted onto the water pipe with hemp until it stops. First, the lock nut is screwed on, and then the coupling;
The hemp is wound up, a coloring composition is applied to it, and only then the lock nut is screwed up until it comes close to the coupling. Hemp acts as a thin barrier between the locknut and the coupling. Pressed hemp provides better sealing of the plumbing system, prevents water from leaking during operation.

Tip: It is important not to overdo it when tightening the locknut if you have chosen a method of joining products without welding. Otherwise, it will burst within a short period of time. But even with its insufficient twisting, problems are possible. If you see water leaking between the sleeve and the locknut on a test run, carefully tighten the locknut tighter.

Conclusion

Without welding, it is recommended to install only water pipes with small and medium diameters used to organize water supply for domestic needs. If the diameter of the products is large, this method of connection is not rational, since it is quite expensive and less reliable at high loads. However, if you are installing plumbing in an apartment or a private house, these methods will suit you perfectly.

How to connect water pipes of different diameters: with a coupling without welding

It is possible to connect water pipes different diameter in many available ways.

Connection of metal pipes without welding and threads

The owners of not only private houses, but also apartments in modern high-rise buildings often faced with the need to connect metal pipes. For this, you can use the most various ways, materials and tools. The most widely used docking methods are threading and welding. But there are alternative options. After all, it is not always possible to conveniently get close to the problem area.

Any metal pipes can be connected without the use of welding machines and threading

Additional Arguments

rather high cost of welding. If only a few products need to be joined, it is not advisable to use professional welding equipment;
complexity of implementation. Actually, this factor applies to most construction work. It is no secret that they are often held in a cramped room with high humidity. In addition, there may be no power supply, the power of which will be sufficient for the operation of the welding machine. In this case, without knowledge of how pipes are connected without welding, the performer will not be able to cope with the task;
lack of mobility. The occurrence of a situation of increased danger, for example, a breakthrough or an accident, requires the fastest and most effective response. It will take a lot of time to invite a specialist with his welding equipment. If the situation is really extreme, the most negative consequences can be expected.

Types of fittings

To connect metal pipes without threading them and without welding, parts called "fitting" are used. Their classification is based on two main criteria.

Press fittings come in different shapes and configurations, this allows you to mount a system with turns and branches

The first is the equal size of the diameters of the joined pipes. In accordance with this criterion, fittings are:

straight. They are used to connect products with the same section size;
transitional. Used in cases where pipes of different diameters are joined.

The second criterion is purpose. Fittings are divided into:

corners and bends. They are installed when it is necessary to change the direction of pipelines at different angles of inclination;
tees. They are used to create branches from the main stream;
couplings. They are used to increase the length of a straight pipeline segment without threading and welding. This type is the simplest. However, it is the most sought after. The use of a coupling makes it easy to replace a piece of damaged pipe without having to replace the entire structure;
crosses. Such a connector provides the ability to divide the flow into several directions;
fittings. Provide connection of metal pipes with flexible bends;
adapters (futors, spurs, nipples). Such parts are used to connect different-sized pipes;
plugs, caps. Used to cover end holes.

According to the installation method, compression fittings are most widely used.

Important! Such fittings demonstrate high efficiency in the arrangement of street networks, as well as pipelines in apartments and private houses.

With the help of compression fittings, you can mount any system, including hot water supply and heating

Benefits of Compression Fittings

Compression fittings produced by modern industry for metal pipes are pressed and equipped with one or two ferrules. It is with their help that the connecting part is attached to the pipe. The rings are tightly pressed, so often in the event of an emergency, the press fittings will need to be cut off and replaced with new ones. It would seem that not the best technical solution. However, most professionals who know how pipes are connected without welding and threading in other ways prefer press fittings. They explain their choice, first of all, by the fact that these parts can be installed in places where all other types of fittings simply cannot be mounted.

Among the advantages of crimp fittings, experts distinguish:

without welding and other additional work, absolute sealing of the working environment is achieved;
pipe connection is very reliable;
press fittings are characterized by a high rate of vibration fatigue.

Today, such parts are widely used in metrology, compressor and gas turbine equipment, for piping instrumentation and control devices, as well as in systems with a high level of working pressure.

Correct connection of pipes without welding and threads. Methods

The choice of method is determined by the type of products that are planned to be joined. Pipes are conditionally divided into the following categories:

The first type is cast-iron pipes, steel pipes, non-ferrous metal pipes or PVC pipes. The second type is products made of polyethylene, polypropylene and metal-plastic.

A reliable connection can only be obtained if the fittings are produced by a well-known company that guarantees quality.

1. To connect two metal pipes without threading and welding, couplers are commonly used. They are equipped with special fasteners and are characterized by high strength due to the fact that they are made of hard materials. But these properties are inherent only in the products of world leaders in this segment of the sanitary market - manufacturers from Switzerland, Sweden and France. Couplings are used for joining pipes made of different material or different diameters.

2. Another option for connecting pipes without welding and threading is the use of flanges. These parts are equipped with a rubber gasket. The sequence of work is as follows:

The attachment section is cut off. The cut is strictly perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe. It is not necessary to make a chamfer on the end.
A flange is put on the cut.
Then a rubber gasket is inserted so that it extends 8-10 centimeters beyond the edges of the cut.
After that, the dressed flange is connected to the counterpart, mounted in the same way on the second metal pipe.

Advice! Tighten bolts without excessive force. More than once there were facts that these fastening elements burst or fell off.

The answer to the question of how metal pipes are connected without welding using flanges will be incomplete without mentioning the following points:

It is not recommended to use multiple gaskets for one flange. This may cause a decrease in tightness;
in order to obtain a sealed joint, the nuts must be tightened not sequentially around the circumference, but in pairs located diametrically against each other;
for the water supply, a rag cardboard gasket impregnated with drying oil is used;
for heating pipes use a gasket made of asbestos cardboard;
bolts should not protrude from the nuts by more than half;
the outer diameter of the gasket should not touch the bolts, and the inner diameter should slightly exceed the diameter of the pipe itself.

The flange connection method is indispensable for large diameter pipes

Having learned how two pipes are connected without flange welding, you can properly equip the sewerage system and chimney, as well as the gas supply pipeline in a private house.

3. The connection with the Gebo coupling has also found wide application. This part is one of the varieties of compression fitting. With its help, the joining of metal pipes is carried out quickly enough, and without the use of any special tools. The Gebo coupling components are installed on the pipe in the following sequence:

The nut is put on first.
Then rings: clamping, clamping, sealing.
Then the coupling is put on halfway, and the nut is tightened.
The second part is connected to the fitting in the same sequence.

4. It is possible to connect two pipes without threading and welding using a repair and assembly clip. This fitting looks like a coupling or tee, consisting of two parts. The halves are tightened with bolts.

It should be noted that the main purpose of repair and assembly clips is to perform temporary repairs, for example, when cracks appear. In emergency cases, they can also be used for joining pipes. Installation is carried out as follows:

First of all, it is necessary to achieve absolute smoothness of the surface. To do this, the sections of the pipeline on which the fitting will be put on should be cleaned of irregularities formed by paint or rust;
then a rubber seal is put on the pipe. Its cut is smeared with silicone sealant.
then both halves of the fitting must be put on the rubber seal and tightened with bolts.

Advice! Check that the coverage of the pipe with the sealant is complete.

A pipe clamp is an easy way to temporarily connect two pipes without welding.

As you can see, this method is also extremely simple. The same principle is embedded in the connection with a clamp. The only difference is that it is not tightened from two sides, but only from one side. However, the use of clamps provides more reliable connection than a repair and mounting clip.

Connection without thread and welding of shaped metal pipes

Most often, this procedure is performed using crab systems and clamps.

1. Crab systems. Such designs are connecting brackets with fasteners. Manufactured from 1.5 mm thick galvanized sheet metal. The brackets are assembled from two halves by means of bolts and nuts. When assembled, they form a "T" -, "X" - or "L" -shaped element that can tightly wrap around the ends of several (up to four) pipes. In terms of strength, such fasteners are comparable to a welded joint. The use of crab systems provides an opportunity to short time assemble and disassemble complex frame structures.

Of the disadvantages of this method, it is worth highlighting:

elements can only be joined at an angle of 90 degrees;
it is impossible to use crab systems for products with a large cross section.

2. Mounting clamps. Using these parts, you can create structures of any degree of complexity, ranging from peaks and canopies, including racks and fences, and ending with greenhouses and animal enclosures. The main advantage of such fasteners is that the strength of the connection is close to welded, and assembly / disassembly of the structure is allowed repeatedly. Moreover, it can be done by a non-professional.

There are many methods for connecting metal pipes, alternative to threading and welding. Each is good in its own way. A choice should be made taking into account specific conditions. Some of them require skill and special equipment, while others can be implemented even by novice masters.

Connection of pipes without welding and threads

Connection of pipes without welding and thread. Additional arguments. Types of fittings. Advantages of compression fittings. Correct connection of pipes without welding and threads. Methods.

Installation of heating with steel pipes is a rather laborious process, which is accompanied by additional welding work. Steel pipes for heating have been widely used for a long time. They can withstand heavy loads when exposed to pressure and various external factors. In addition to high performance, they are inexpensive, so they are in great demand. To install steel pipes, you must first purchase fittings, special equipment and tools. In order to properly mount the heating system with natural circulation it is required to withstand a slope of 10 mm per 1 meter of pipe. This rule applies to the pipeline and the return water line. The convenience of working with metal pipes lies in the fact that they can be laid out at any angle. The desired shape of the pipe can be given using blowtorch or gas equipment. Before installation, make sure that there are no manufacturing defects and various damages on the pipes. Non-galvanized pipes must be painted with asphalt varnish in advance. To bend pipes at different angles, you need a hydraulic pipe bender. The pipe should be fixed in a vice and heated at the bend. When painting the metal in a bright red color, the pipe can be bent freely. For bending, you can use a conventional gas burner. The procedure can be simplified by steel bends and fittings that have desired shape. At corner connection pipes, you can use cast iron fittings.

To order the installation of heating with steel pipes - call +7 495 205-205-2

Installation of pipe connections is carried out in the following ways:

Gas-electric welding is used for pipes with smooth ends;
The sealing gasket is suitable when screwing to achieve a tight joint;
Bolted fasteners are suitable for flanged connections.

Installation using gas-electric welding can only be performed by a highly qualified specialist, with the necessary equipment. In order to ensure the impermeability of the joint at high temperatures, asbestos cord and linen strand should be used. The place of the thread must be smeared with whitewash or minium. After that, you need to wind a linen strand with a thin layer. Next, it must be smeared with graphite and the connecting parts must be tightened tightly. FUM tape can be used for sealing. The thread space must be cleaned of debris and wound tape around it. From above you need to screw fittings or fittings. For pipe connections on flanges, ordinary bolts are used. Gaskets are installed between the flanges. They will act as a sealing material. To install a pipeline with a coolant, you need to use paronite or asbestos cardboard. The asbestos gasket must be lubricated with graphite, which is pre-kneaded in drying oil. The inside of the gasket must not extend 3 mm from the edge of the pipe. All bolt heads must be on the same side of the connection. Steel pipes are a common material that is used for heating systems.

Installation of heating with iron pipes

Installation of heating with iron pipes is characterized by a high degree of reliability. They are able to withstand large temperature fluctuations.

The advantages of using an iron pipe system are as follows:

High level of strength;
Rigidity, which allows you to withstand the slopes of the highway.

The disadvantages of iron pipes are as follows:

Expensive;
Complicated and lengthy installation;
Susceptibility to corrosive processes.

Pipe installation should be carried out after studying the wiring system. You need to know exactly where the radiator is installed, additional equipment and boiler. It is necessary to choose pipes with a maximum diameter that must correspond to the diameter of the outlet or nozzle of the boiler. After that, you need to decide on the heating wiring diagram. For iron pipes, a two-pipe scheme is usually chosen. Such a scheme has an average value in terms of material consumption and allows for uniform heating of radiators.

Heating pipes can be connected in the following ways:

Muftov;
Welding;
flanged;
Threaded;
Welding.

The most difficult, and at the same time, the most common method is gas welding. In this case, manual arc welding can be successfully used. Gas welding is ideal for creating a bend in the pipe and taking it to the desired shape. The connection of iron heating pipes using welding requires the contractor high level qualifications. This type of work should be entrusted to a specialist.

When doing this type of work yourself, you should follow a number of rules:

Preparation of iron pipes and connecting surfaces should be carried out;
Perform cleaning and degreasing;
The edges must be protected inside and out;
Joints should form an angle equal to 60 degrees;
The weld layer should be thoroughly cleaned from the resulting slag.

A minimum of two layers of welding is used to connect pipes. The number of layers depends on the thickness of the pipes used. The first welding layer must be carefully applied. The edges must be completely melted and the pipe elements must remain in position. It is possible to apply a second layer, only cleansing the first layer of slag.

Threaded connections can be used to connect various devices and during installation of the main line. To perform this connection, many ready-made elements are produced. Threaded connections should be sealed using sealant and tow.

The use of tow is the most reliable option, which has been tested by experience and time. Also, you can use quick-release connectors. They provide easy fixation of all connected elements. Also, threaded connections can be made using flanges and couplings. After installing the pipes, you can fill them with water and check the tightness of the joints. If there are leaks, appropriate measures must be taken to eliminate them. If small leaks are found, they can be repaired with an epoxy mixture.

Metal heating installation

Installation of heating from metal is a justified choice in case of application in conditions of high internal pressure or large overloads due to temperature changes.

There are pipes of the following types:

standard;
reinforced;
lightweight.

Pipes with a large thickness should be used in systems with maximum load. They will not bend and require the use of a special welding method that a professional can handle. Metal pipes have different shapes and colors. Black color has rolled steel, cast iron and galvanized iron. Colored pipes are not subject to corrosive processes, but may oxidize over time. The useful life of pipes varies. For example, copper piping has the most long term services. However, these pipes are the most expensive. The main selection criteria are listed below:

heating specifics (gravity or forced);
installation method;
system configuration;
pressure;
type of coolant;
length.

The main advantage of metal pipes is high pressure resistance.

Installation of steel heating

Installation of steel heating is classic version for arranging communications. Using such pipes, it is possible to pass a coolant with a temperature of up to 100 degrees. When they freeze in cold period, heating is allowed with open fire. However, steel pipes have disadvantages, which are expressed in the following:

complex installation of communication;
do not have flexibility;
additional thermal insulation is required;
short service life;
subject to corrosive processes.

Installation of steel pipes can be done in two main ways: welding or twisting with threading. As a rule, installation is carried out by professionals who have special equipment.

Installation of a steel heating pipeline

Installation of a steel heating pipeline can be done in two ways: welding and threaded. Because they are complex technological process, it is better to entrust such work to the involved specialists. using a threaded twist, you must first cut the threads on the ends of the joints of the products. After that, they can be connected using fittings, spurs and couplings. When threaded connection, you need to use windings. To do this, you can use a fum tape or a polymer thread. Welding is the most reliable method of joining pipes. The job will require welding equipment and knowledge in this area. When welding, the following rules should be observed:

For galvanized pipes, self-protective wire with a diameter of 1 mm should be used;
For non-galvanized pipes, a wire with a diameter of 25 mm should be used. Connections of such pipes must be overlapped;
Welds must be even relative to the surface of the products;
Seams should not have defects and flaws.

The galvanizing process can take place in two ways: hot and diffuse. In hot dip galvanizing, the steel pipe is completely immersed in molten zinc. During this process, the pipes receive electrochemical and anti-corrosion protection. The diffuse method involves the use of powdered zinc. Due to diffusion, the atoms penetrate into the intercrystalline structure of the steel pipe. As a result. A stable and very strong bond is formed.

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Installation of panel heating radiators

Installation of panel heating radiators has its own characteristics. The internal design of the metal fins allows you to increase the level of heat transfer. In the manufacture of radiators, steel is used, which allows you to increase convection. The larger the area of the rib, the higher the coefficient useful action. Radiators quickly warm up the room, since the coolant promotes rapid circulation of water. Therefore, steel radiators are the most efficient appliances. Before installation, a project and markup should be done. Position is of great importance during installation, as it affects the service life. It is necessary to accurately calculate the distance from the surface of the battery to the wall. It should be in the range of 3 to 5 cm. It is important to provide for the volume of accumulated air in the heating system. Panel radiators can be wall-mounted or mounted on legs. The main task of the wizard is to establish a competent markup. After that, the installation of the radiator is very fast.

Installation of a heating system with steel pipes

Installation of a heating system with steel pipes can be done in the following ways:

welding;
twisting with thread cutting.

On the technological side, the process of installing a heating system is very complex. Therefore, this kind of work should be trusted to the masters.

Before installation, it is necessary to carry out riser devices and lay pipes. When choosing a welding method, self-shielded wire should be used. In some cases, electrodes up to 3 mm in diameter can be used. If the pipes are not galvanized, then welding can be done with an overlap. The welding process is a painstaking work, since the seams must be even without any pores and sagging. During the welding process, pipes that are under pressure may cause difficulties. Therefore, welding must be carried out from the center at the lowest section of the pipe. When using an electrode, you need to position it perpendicular to the welding spot. To make vertical seams, you should change the position of the electrode. The method involving twisting with threading is no less effective. In this case, pipes are connected using elbows, couplings and other elements.

Installation of heating with metal pipes

Installation of heating with metal pipes is a laborious process. The smallest errors can affect the service life and render the product unusable. At the initial stage, it is necessary to draw up a competent project and select the material. It is necessary to determine the location of the elements of the heating system. First you need to prepare the necessary tools and materials. Self-assembly heating with metal pipes is a rather painstaking task. Pipes must be connected by welding or a soldering machine. Also, you can use the threaded connection method, but it is less reliable. Since the workflow requires the presence of special equipment and technical knowledge, you should contact a qualified specialist.

Installation of heating pipelines from steel pipes

Installation of heating pipelines from steel pipes can be done in two main ways: welding or twisting with threading. Regardless of the method chosen, all risers should be initially laid and the pipeline should be laid. The welding process presents special requirements to the quality of the seam. It should have an even appearance without sags and cracks. Holes for pipes are made using milling, punching or drilling. Installation of a pipeline made of steel pipes can be carried out with a fairly modest budget. However, such products may be subject to corrosive processes. It should be borne in mind that the characteristics of materials and assembly rules directly affect the service life of the pipeline. Therefore, you should contact a qualified specialist with experience in this field. If you have the skills and certain tools, you can carry out high-quality installation in a short time.

Installation of steel heating radiators

Installation of steel heating radiators requires taking into account certain nuances. Among them, the distance from the floor, walls and window sills and the choice of location are distinguished. Steel radiators have special brackets with which it is hung on the mounts. To make the structure stable, a special floor bracket is used. It acts as a stand on which the battery supports. The number of fasteners depends on the specifics of the design. The installation of a steel heating panel requires a horizontal position. This allows the coolant to be evenly distributed throughout the system, while not freezing in a certain part. Any deviation from the horizontal position reduces the efficiency of work.

Before designing a heating system, it is necessary to determine in advance the material of its main elements that affect the proper functioning of the entire system. The modern construction market offers a huge range of pipes to replace sewerage, heating and plumbing, which greatly complicates the choice. But, the use of steel pipes for heating is considered a classic.

TO strengths and features of steel pipes include:

Their resistance to high loads, represented by external influences and high pressure;
The possibility of movement through the pipes of a coolant having a temperature of more than one hundred degrees Celsius;
The possibility of heating pipes in emergency cases (when the coolant freezes) even with an open flame;
Significant service life (about 30 years);
Their compatibility with cast iron radiators due to the possibility of installing a squeegee on the pipe to which the radiator is screwed.

For the manufacture of pipes intended for water heating, mild carbon steel is preferred. Its use is explained by the significant strength and plastic properties of raw materials. Due to this, steel pipes are processed by bending, cutting, welding, riveting and other manipulations.

Steel pipes are distinguished by significant thermal conductivity, which is important when the movement of heated water. An important factor influencing the laying of pipes in concrete is the correspondence of their temperature coefficient of linear expansion to the coefficient of concrete expansion.

For water heating systems, preference is given to:

"Seam" water and gas black welded pipes obtained by bending a sheet of steel followed by seam welding, and electric-welded galvanized pipes with a straight seam. Such pipes are a low-budget option with a limited service life of up to 4 years. At the junction of steel layers, a welding seam is formed, processed with outer side, which prevents the appearance of bumps and notches on the surface of the pipe. From the inside, the welding seam cannot be processed, its quality control is difficult. Due to a small shell flaw, the metal thins in this place. This leads to a leak with subsequent forced dismantling of steel pipes.
Seamless seamless pipes, which are more reliable in operation, used in places that are inaccessible for repairs. They are made by pressing, forging and rolling. However, the cost of such products is an order of magnitude higher than the suture version.

Manufacturers produce pipes with a diameter of 8 to 150 millimeters. The thickness of steel pipes can be light, ordinary and reinforced. The most common and worthwhile option is steel pipes with a thickness of 2.7 millimeters and a diameter of 25 millimeters. Such parameters provide protection of pipes from rupture.

Disadvantages of steel pipes

Unfortunately, despite all the advantages, steel pipes are characterized by many disadvantages. Firstly, they have significant weight and large dimensions, which makes their operation difficult. Secondly, the gas welding used to connect them significantly increases the cost of installation.

The main disadvantage of steel pipes lies in their corrosion instability and susceptibility to various damages. These pipes quickly overgrow with rust and various deposits, which causes the release of harmful substances into the water and the deterioration of the functioning of the locking elements. Due to rusting, there is a decrease in the inner diameter of the pipes, which impedes the circulation of the coolant, which is the justification,. The best method of protecting steel pipes is galvanized. But, after this process, the use of antifreeze becomes impossible.

It is believed that the connection of galvanized pipes cannot be carried out by welding. This is due to the burning of the zinc coating on the seams. For their connection, couplings, tees and drives are used, which is an additional cost.
Due to the low throughput property, steel pipes are inferior to pipes of similar parameters made of copper and plastic. When transporting cold water, steel pipes are characterized by negative thermal conductivity due to their sweating and rusting, which can destroy building structures adjacent to them.

The principle of using and installing heating with steel pipes

The use of steel pipes is advisable when large diameters and mechanical strength are required. It is rather problematic to lay pipes due to the difficulty of giving them the required geometry. In addition, pipe insulation is recommended due to their significant thermal conductivity.

In the presence of a floor boiler with natural circulation, the use of "black" steel will be optimal. This is the raw material plumbing system rapidly rusting. But, in autonomous system heating, with long-term circulation of the coolant, rapid oxygen evaporation, the service life of black pipes can last about 50 years.

When using wall-mounted boilers equipped with a copper heat exchanger and forced circulation(pump), the use of steel pipes becomes impractical. This is due to the unaesthetic nature of such a system, corrosive clogging of the thinnest heat exchanger and installation high cost. Therefore, it is advisable to dismantle steel pipes with copper or plastic raw materials.

To assemble steel pipes, it is necessary to have a device for cutting pipes and threads, an adjustable and gas wrench, a hacksaw, welding, and an airtight tape to seal all joints. When buying non-galvanized pipes, they must be painted with asphalt varnish. In the presence of factory galvanization, it is not necessary to additionally process the pipes. Preferring open pipe laying, you need to take care of the mounting clamps. Attachment points can be located at a distance of:

2.5 meters if the inner diameter of labor is up to 20 millimeters;
approximately 3 meters diameter value from 25 millimeters and above;
4 meters with an internal diametrical value of 40 millimeters.

For bending steel pipes, it is advisable to use a hydraulic pipe bender, which is a small-sized, convenient and easily transportable device that saves energy. If there is no such tool, then it is possible to purchase ready-made steel fittings of the required shape, which ensure the connection of straight sections in a pipeline bend. To date, the choice of fittings is a simple task, as manufacturers offer a sufficient range of them.

Connection methods

Application of an oxy-fuel welding method connecting pipes with smooth ends.
The use of connecting screwing, sealed with a special gasket, which provides the connection with impermeability.
Flange fasteners, in which the connection is bolted to the ends of the pipe.

It is recommended to use a gas generator to connect pipes to radiators. Preference should be given seamless pipes, high-quality sleds and radiators. The connection scheme consists of the following steps:

Cutting old pipes, knocking them out of ceiling joints, followed by drawing new steel pipes for heating;
Warming up the pipe, bending it and welding-free connection to the radiator;
Installation of a drive with a suitable thread, followed by screwing the radiator;
Application of silicone sealant or linen fibers to the threads to prevent water leakage.

Before installation, it is necessary to check the integrity of all elements, because correct and high-quality installation is the key to the long-term functioning of the heating system.