Connector copper tubes. Basic methods of connecting copper pipes. Processing the edges of the copper pipe after cutting

Copper pipes are widely used in various engineering systems of houses and apartments. The main advantages of the material is resistance to corrosion and exposure to high temperature, as well as ultraviolet radiation. In addition, copper pipes can be easily bent at any angle, which simplifies the connection with your own hands.

As a disadvantage, it is often indicated that the material has a high cost, but with such excellent characteristics of the metal, its price cannot be low. Installation of copper pipelines is performed using fittings. They may be crimped or disintegration, depending on this, the connection of copper pipes is different. Crimping fittings create a detachable compound, and the fuses are in-room.

The main advantages and scope of use of the copper pipeline

Copper pipes have a operating temperature from -200 to +250 degrees, as well as low linear expansion, which allows you to successfully apply them for such systems:

Heating;
Water supply;
Air conditioning;
Gas transportation;
Obtaining alternative energy, such as heliosystems.

When installing copper pipelines for the supply of cold and hot water, it is possible not to worry about overgrowing or changing the inner section. They are also not destroyed under the influence of chlorine, which at high concentration is added to the tap water. On the contrary, chlorine creates on the inner wall of the pipelines the finest protective layer, which significantly extends the service life of highways. In turn, a slight amount of copper is highlighted in drinking water, which has a beneficial effect on human health.

Features of the installation of pipes for water supply

Installation of copper water supply for cold and hot water does not differ in technology. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the appearance of pipelines and the corresponding fittings: the heat insulation from PVC film is applied to parts intended for hot water. Installation of copper pipes for water supply can be carried out in one of the following methods:

Using threaded shaped elements.
Using soldering.

Canguilding with threaded fittings is the easiest and most accessible way to install your own method of connection.

Threaded fittings create detachable connections that can be repeatedly unscrewed or twisted if necessary. In order to carry out installation, it is necessary:

Put on the pipe crimping nut.
Top with a crimp ring.
Connect the elements among themselves.
Tighten the nut.

The crimping ring is responsible for the tightness of the compound, therefore it is not reused. If the connection had to be promoted, the rubber ring is worth putting a new one. Copper pipes can be bend in any direction, and therefore it is possible to save on the number of fittings.

The connection by the soldering method is a slightly more complex way of installation, however, quite fulfilled with your own hands. It is necessary to be careful and comply with all security measures when working with open fire. The compound itself consists of such steps:

Cleaning the ends of the pipe and the shaped product with sandpaper to pure metal.
The tassel is finely applied with a layer of soldering flux.
Pipe is inserted into the fitting to the maximum mark.
The location of the connection is heated by a gas burner or a construction hairdryer.
It is very important to straighten the connectable elements evenly, it is recommended to use a soldering lamp with two burners.
When the heating temperature is sufficient to melting solder, it is introduced into the connection place.
After solidification, you can remove excess flux.

Copper fittings are presented on sale with a predetermined shift in a special groove. It simplifies the installation with your own hands: it is enough just to enter the end of the pipeline with a fluid and heat up to the desired temperature. Solder melts and leaks into the slot between the pipe and the fitting, creating a reliable connection.

Features of the installation of the heating system using copper pipes

Installation of copper pipes for the heating system begins with preparatory work. The material can be easily bent and cut, but it is necessary to do this in the right way. Basic recommendations:

Before installing, it is necessary to cut pipes on the segments of the required length.
Cutting pipes for heating is better than a pipe cutter or a hacksaw for metal.
The inner surface of the pipelines should be cleaned from sowing and metal chips. To perform this task, a file will be required and sebrables.
The place of the cut must be aligned, especially in cases where the cutting was carried out with a metal with a metal, which deforms a little pipe.
Bending the pipe product can be manually or using a special tool.
If the heating system provides curved areas of particularly complex shape, it is recommended to use pipe beg. Such bending will save the material from an undesirable challentee, which can later become a place for formation of corrosion.
Bend items with the minimum allowable radius.
The bending radius when performing the work of the pipeline should be at least 3, 5 diameters of the pipeline. If the pipe bending is manually, the bending radius of at least 8 diameters should be performed.

The connection of the elements of the heating system from copper is carried out by two already known methods:

Crimp fittings;
Soldering method.

Due to the fact that copper can be easily bent, the installation is easy to perform and a small number of fittings will be required. However, it is necessary to remember some of the rules for combining materials in the heating system.

Copper pipes can not be connected to aluminum radiators.

If the use of aluminum radiators cannot be avoided, you must transition through the steel pipe. This will help to avoid the beginning of corrosion formation when docking copper and aluminum. As for radiators from other materials, for example, steel or cast iron, such problems does not occur.

Many, in my opinion, mistakenly, believe that copper pipes when installing the water supply or home heating, the pleasure is quite expensive, and some and that the century of copper for these purposes remained in the past. In this entry, M will try to prove to you that it is not the case, precisely because copper is a fairly convenient material for the installation of any designs, but if you take its durability into account, then it is indispensable in many cases and it is precisely an indigestion owner for his own home.

If you compare copper with other materials from which water and other communication pipes are manufactured (for example, with plastic or), then its advantages are obvious. First of all, it is an unusually long service life: copper pipes and fittings often serve as much as the building itself exists.

Copper is very plastic, which increases the safety of the water supply and retains its properties in a wide range of temperatures (from -200 to +250 ° C), which makes pipes resistant to freezing in water filled with water.

Copper pipes are resistant to ultraviolet (not as a plastic), have a small roughness coefficient, which allows you to use in similar conditions

The copper pipeline is practically not affected by various types of viruses and bacteria, it is not terrible oils, fats and various harmful substances. Even inevitable chlorine for our water pipes is not able to destroy the copper tube, but, on the contrary, due to the formation on its inner walls of the oxide layer, chlorine contributes to the extension of the pipeline of the pipe.

Pipe

Watering copper pipes of the circular cross section are produced both in bays (25 and 50 m long) and in segments (rods of different lengths). The most frequently used pipes have diameters from 8 to 28 mm with a thickness of the walls of 1 mm. It is worth emphasizing that the copper pipes at the expense of thin walls is much easier than steel. They can have thermal insulation.

Installation of copper pipes of special difficulties does not cause, mainly due to the fact that they are well cut and bend. Copper pipes can be connected in two ways: closed and indefinitive. The second is the soldering, welding, crimping.

For the connection of pipes, connections to the reinforcement, various fittings are used to the existing water supply.

Fitting

There are a large number of varieties of connecting and adapter fittings. Examples of some are shown in the photo 1-12. So, for soldering, not only ordinary and transient clutches are used, but also various squares, tees, crossmen, circles, kalachi and plugs. There are fittings with the transition of the solder compound on the threaded, for example, "American" with a conical seal (15 × 1/2 "). In the threaded press fittings, a crimp ring is often used, which, when tightening the cape nut, crimps the pipe, thereby sealing the connection.

Soldering copper pipes

Soldering is carried out at the expense of adhesion between the molten copper-phosphoric or silver solders and the heated pipes connected. Solder is distributed in the connection site under the action of capillary forces, "wetting" the main metal. To improve the quality of soldering and increasing the adhesion coefficient, special fluxes are used, and the surfaces under the soldering are predetermined. When soldering, you need to evenly heat the parts connected to the desired temperature.

Therefore, when soldering, the type of burner flame is important, which indicates a balance of the gas mixture. The decreasing flame of the burner indicates an excess amount of fuel in a mixture that exceeds the oxygen content. A shown gas mixture due to excess oxygen forms a flame that oxidizes the metal surface. The sign of this phenomenon is the black raid on the metal. A balanced gas mixture for burning forms a flame that heats the metal without having other exposure.

When working on braid copper pipes, note that:

Flice application contributes to the adhesion of solder with metal.
Place the soldering is pre-rooted.
For high-quality soldering, the necessary heating of the soldered parts is required.
For soldering copper tubes, the connection is required.

Copper soldering tools

Special soldering iron and gas burners are used for the copper soldering.

When working with copper pipes, in addition to soldering and compression, they have to cut, bend, expand, smelted. Flexible pipes to avoid climbing and flattening are performed using a lever pipe bending. And for pipes with a diameter up to 15 mm, the bending radius should be at least 3.5 diameters. For pipes of large diameters, no bending radius should be at least 4 diameters. Cut pipes can be copper with metal, but best with the help of pipe cut, which allows you to perform this exactly on the mark and without distortion. After each turn, you need to press the cutting roller, tightening the installation screw. The burrs appearing in the process must be removed.

Special expanders and mandrel mandrels are used to insert pipes into the pipe.

How to bend copper pipes

On the photo on top of the numbers indicated

The pipe is inserted and fixed in the capture of the pipe bending in the start of the bend.
Applying force, gradually rotate the movable handle of the lever pipe bending, flexing the pipe around the mandrel.
Bend the pipe can be used with a spring with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe.

Framework pipe

On the photo below the numbers are indicated

To connect pipes with feet with cape nuts (especially when repairing compounds), you have to make a roller.

If necessary, remove the cape nut. It is necessary to cut off the end of the pipe with the collapse.
You can cut off the roller vehicle with roller pipe cutting by moving the nut along the pipe.
To restore the roller, the pipe is clamped in the matrix so that the end of the pipe spoke above the matrix surface by about 1 mm.
Screwing the adaptation screw, deform the end of the pipe with the formation of a conical expansion.
After removing the screw clamp, the funnel-shaped flare is checked, which should have the right form.
Add a flat shape to the end of the pipe with light blows, while holding the pipe in the matrix.
The smooth and smooth surface of the roller can be obtained using a velvet file.
It remains to put the sealing gasket, and the pipe can be connected.
If necessary, the collapse can be made on fittings, for example, couplings, coal.

How to expand the copper tube

To connect pipes soldering without the use of connecting fittings, the end of one pipe can be expanded with special ticks.

By inserting the pipe into mites with the head of the required diameter, apply an effort to tick handles, expanding the end of the pipe.

After expanding the pipe insert into the pipe mandrel-caliber and light blows of the hammer on the mandrel are brought to the extension diameter to the necessary expand using special ticks.

How to cut copper pipes Truboresis:

The pipe is placed between the sponges of the pipe cut and press the cutting roller with the set screw.

By making pipe cutters one or two turns around the pipe, the roller is pressed the screw and turn the pipeline again.

A leaning knife is removed from the inside of the pipe.

Continue cutting pipes until the cut part of the pipe can be separated by hand.

Typical types of copper pipe compounds

When installing work on installation, for example, water pipes using copper pipes have to provide connections, make taps, divers, mount plumbing reinforcement.

In the photo Types of "copper" connections

Connecting a flexible hose.
Connection of pipes of different diameters soldering with a straight coupling.
The removal is made using a tee and disposable circuit breakers.
A single-mounted kit and a valve provides a flexible lining.
Outlook with extended terminats.
Cutting a ball valve connected with the help of precipitated nuts.

Also on the topic read:

Variant of a plumbing system using copper components

In order to optimize the water supply system, leveling pressure in the system, reduce additional loads on the pump and the cost of the system diameters of copper pipes, are chosen depending on the flow of water at each consumption point. Usually, under consumption up to 50 l / min, pipes with a diameter of 10 mm are used, at a consumption of up to 160 l / min - pipes with a cross section of 16 mm, at a consumption of 250 l / min - pipe with a cross section of 20 mm. A variant of the plumbing system and the diameters of the copper pipes are shown in the figure.

For pipes of different diameters, threaded fittings are usually used. For example, a turnkey fittings 15 × 22 mm can be used for a soldered connection with pipes with a cross section of 10-18 mm (table).

Fitting	Pipe diameter, mm
12 × 18.	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22
15 × 22.	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22
20 × 28.	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22

1 set. Hookah accessories on battery life-bottomed LED light with ...

Despite the development of technologies and the popularity of the use of polymers, the manufacture of pipelines for water supply and heating systems is successfully applied by metal. For these purposes, steel, brass and copper are usually used. The latter has excellent rates of resistance to the formation of corrosion, mechanical strength and resistance to high temperatures and pressure. Therefore, despite some high cost of this material, its use is quite justified.

Before connecting the copper pipes, you need to decide whether to do it with a soldering or without it.

Jack soldering

One of the first options should be considered a pipe connection using soldering. It is necessary to immediately note that the methods of soldering copper pipes there are two - this is a low-temperature and high-temperature method. As it is easy to guess, the difference between them is at a temperature at which they solder. At low temperature mode, heating elements occurs to 300 ° C and solders with low melting point. High-temperature soldering is used for installation of systems experiencing significant loads, for example, in industry, the use of this technique for private purposes is impractical.

When connecting copper pipes using soldering, as a rule, connective elements are used, called fittings, tin-based solders and fluxes. The process of connecting pipes is as follows.

You must first cut off the pipes of the desired size. It should be accurate and be sure to take into account the size of the fitting itself.
The ends of the pipes that need to be combined must be carefully examined for the presence of various defects like cracks, chips or burrs. Their presence is unacceptable, as it can affect the tightness of the connection, so in case of detection, all defects need to be eliminated.
If the ends of the pipes are in order, then you can proceed to the connection. It should be related that there are several connection options, for example, it is necessary to connect more than two pipes or pipes of various diameters, so fittings must be selected, corresponding targets.
The front end and the inner part of the connecting element is treated with a flux - special composition, which acts as a degreaser, prepare the surface for a stronger connection.
After that, the end of the pipe is inserted into the fitting and heats up. The fitting is chosen in such a way that its diameter is 1-1.5 mm more than the diameter of the pipe. Pipe heating is performed using a gas burner. The space between the connecting elements is filled with melting solder. The modern market offers a variety of finished solders, convenient to use, so there should be no problems with this.
After the solder is evenly distributed throughout the circumference, the connected parts should be left until the solder struck the solid compound.
The final stage should be to check the connection, that is, the water should be started. Thus, it will take place not only check, but also the removal of flux residues that can remain on the inner surface of the pipes, which is undesirable, since it is capable of being caused by corrosion.

Connection without the help of soldering

It should also be noted that, despite the fact that the combination of copper pipes using a soldering is the most reliable and appropriate in most cases, there are times when the solder is not possible and in such cases can be resorted to a connection without soldering using special fittings. The principle of their action is based on a clamping effect resulting from a compound by carvings. The compound process is as follows.

First, the fitting, usually consisting of two parts, must be disassembled.
One of the pieces is dressed on the pipe. To be more accurate, then the nut and the clamping ring dresses.
After that, the pipe is inserted into the coupling fitting, and the nut is dragged on the thread.

As a rule, the instructions are attached to the fittings of this kind, in strict accordance with which all works should be carried out.

Note! The pipe connection is thus not reliable enough, so even the slightest skews in the compound, as well as a violation of technology. To achieve greater tightness of the threaded connection, it can be sealing it with special threads, while it is unacceptable so that the surplus fall inside the pipe, as this may interfere with the free passage of water.

Whatever the connection method was not selected, the work should be carried out by following a number of general rules:

For the connection, pipes from one metal should be used. If you need to connect the copper pipe with any other, you need to choose the corresponding method. For example, to connect copper and PVC pipes do not fit solder.
If it is supposed to connect copper and steel pipes, then the steel needs to be placed in front of the copper.
When tightening threaded connections, care must be taken, especially if thin-walled pipes are used.
In order not to make a mistake with the number of solder, the wire length needs to take an equal circumference of the pipe.
To heat the pipes, it is best to use a special burner. The use of a conventional soldering lamp in principle is permissible, but there is a risk of cutting the place of connection, which will complicate the work.
Copper pipes are somewhat spent from a material point of view, so before starting work it is advisable to preliminary calculations of the amount of material. It should not be forgotten that the connecting elements also have certain sizes that must also be taken into account.

In conclusion, it is worth saying that the compound of copper pipes is not very difficult from a technological point of view of the process, but for the first time some difficulties may arise. In order to have the most complete picture of the process, you can consult with professionals or at least view the video on this topic.

Video

This video shows the process of braking copper pipes.

There are many methods, how to combine copper pipes into a single pipeline system. The market provides a huge number of fittings, soldering, fluxes, fasteners that allow you to create detachable and deline, served and maintenanceable connections.

Working with copper pipes consists of:

size estimates - if the pipe is incorrectly measured, it is impossible to cut it correctly;
cutting - produced strictly perpendicular to the help of a pipe cutting, given that it is better to make more turns than to apply force;
stripping - removal of burrs after cutting and oxide film (it is better to make a special napkin);
connections.

Methods for connecting copper pipes:

soldering Capillary;
solder high temperature;
various fittings.

Connection with soldering

To connect copper products using soldering On the cleaned surface, you should apply flux and immediately connect the details. The connections node evenly warm the gas burner (soldering lamp, soldering iron) to the moment when the flux begins to change the color, and the solder melts. The burner fire is assigned, the solder fills the gap between the elements.

So that the amount of solder is optimal, experts offer a simple landmark - the length of the solder rod must be equal to the diameter of the pipe. You can cut the rod with the required length before soldering. If one of the elements is the fitting, processed by the solder already at the factory, it is not necessary to add it.

After filling the gap, the screw is necessary to take the time for cooling, without exposing the node to mechanically influences. When the solder completely froze, you need to remove all the remains of the solder and flux with a damp cloth. After the entire system is mounted, it should be washed with hot water. Flux contributes to corrosion, so its presence on the inner surface is undesirable.

Soldering copper pipes

Types of fittings for connecting copper pipes

The connection without soldering is performed using fittings that are divided into two large groups - straight (compound the same to the diameter of the elements) and transitional (compound of different diameter of the elements). Diameters can be from 8 to 100 millimeters.

Based on the configuration, the fitting (connector) for copper pipes is called:

the coupling - must be made of the same material as pipes, can be used both for elements with the same diameter and for elements with different diameters, is used in the case when there is no need to change the direction;
as a carbon - designed to change the direction of the system by 30, 45 or 90 degrees;
tee - is used to connect three ends, located relative to each other at an angle of 45 or 90 degrees;
cross - pokes together four pipes located perpendicular to each other on the same plane;
adapter ("American", Futoodka, Sgon, Nipple) - To combine pipes from a different material using various methods;
cap - cap, cork for sealing the end of the tube;
fitting - for connecting pipe and flexible hose.

Based on the method, the connection of copper pipes fittings can be:

using fitting for soldering, under the carving of which is tin. A pipe treated with flux is inserted into it, the node is heated until the solder becomes liquid and fills the clearance;
with the help of threaded (equipped with thread);
crimp (compression) that allows you to connect the elements of different diameters. The fixation of the pipe with the fitting occurs with the help of an o-shaped seal and a detachable or permanent ring. Conventional tools are suitable for mounting;
a press fitting consisting of a hull and sleeve and mounted with a press tick;
a self-defining fitting, which is arranged on the basis of the inner rings, one of which is equipped with teeth. When it is put on a special key, the teeth come into another ring, forming a reliable connection. It is as easy as it is put on, he is removed.

Features of copper products: what to take into account

When installing a pipeline from copper, it is important to know not only how to connect copper pipes, but perform several additional conditions:

to extend the life of the system, only copper and its alloys should be applied;
if it is necessary to use products from other materials, it should be borne in mind that it is impossible to connect copper with galvanized steel, as this leads to corrosion in the elements of steel;
if it is impossible to avoid the use of steel products, then they must be mounted in front of copper elements;
a safe compound of copper and acid-resistant steel.

Elements of fastening

For the final installation of any pipeline requires mounting for copper pipes

clamps and brackets.

For household pipelines are used:

metallic generated (mount by one bolt) and the desigted (fastening with two bolts) clamps made of steel and equipped with rubber coating, neutralizing mechanical and acoustic vibrations;
plastic clamps (movable and stationary) - for internal systems, equipped with a dowel and screw;
brackets - for hanging or locating system elements.

It is quite obvious that for each system it is necessary to select its installation and mounting methods. Only when choosing quality materials and proper installation, the pipeline will be reliable and durable.

Copper pipe production

Copper pipes are used for installation of GVS, HPW, air conditioning, heating, gas supply. They are expensive, however durable, plastic, resistant to corrosion. But that engineering communications of them will be served for decades, the connection of copper pipes should be made correctly.

We will tell how the device of copper pipelines, providing a tightness of the transported medium or circulating coolant. In the article submitted to familiarization, the installation technologies are described in detail. Taking into account our advice, the construction of systems will be performed "on excellent".

To perform installation of internal pipelines in the house, you can choose a pipe from plastic, metal-plastic or stainless steel. But only analogue from copper is able to serve without problems and overhaul more than half a century.

Correctly mounted copper pipeline systems in practice, work regularly throughout the service life, which is assigned a cottage or apartment building.

The fittings and joints of the joints of the soldering on statistics of accidents are used to be more reliable than the copper pipes themselves - if the breakthrough in the system is happening, only on the wall of the pipe

Pipes made of copper are not terrible long thermal loads, chlorine and ultraviolet. When freezing, they do not crack, and with a change in the temperature of the inner medium (water, drain, gas) do not change their geometry.

Unlike plastic analogs, do not sag. This plastic is subject to expansion at high temperatures, with copper of this, does not occur by definition.

Pipe copper products have two drawbacks - high price and softness of metal. However, the high cost of the material pays off a long service life.

And so that the walls of the pipes are not damaged from the inside erosion, filters must be installed in the system. If there are no contaminants in the form of solid particles, then there will be no problems with the destruction of pipelines.

Requirements for processing and welding pipes

When working with copper pipes, the following rules must be followed:

By mounting the soldering water supply pipe HPV or DHW, it should be eliminated by the use of lead solder - lead is too toxic.
The flow rate of water should be no higher than 2 m / s, otherwise the smallest sand particles or other solids will gradually begin to destroy the walls of the pipe.
When using fluxes after the installation is completed, the pipeline system is mandatory to be flushing - flux is an aggressive substance and will contribute to corrosion of pipe walls from copper.
When soldering, it is impossible to prevent overheating of the connection site - this can lead not only to the formation of a leaky joint, but also the loss of the strength of the copper product.
Pipe transitions with copper on other metals (steel and aluminum) are recommended to be performed by brass or bronze adapter fittings - otherwise steel and aluminum pipes will quickly begin corrosive.
Greet (metal influx) and burrs in places cutting are subject to mandatory removal - their presence leads to the formation of turbulent twists in the water stream, which contributes to erosion and reduce the operational period of the pipeline from copper.
When preparing copper pipes to the compound, it is strictly forbidden to apply abrasives - their remaining after installation inside the particle will lead to damage to the metal and the formation of the fistula.

If in the system of the water pipe or heating in the house, in addition to copper, there are also pipes or elements from other metals, then the water flow should go from them to copper, and not vice versa. The current of water from copper to steel, zinc or aluminum will lead the rapid electrochemical corrosion of the pipeline sections from the latter.

Copper pipes are cut and bent without problems, even a beginner master is able to cope with them into a single pipeline system. You only need to find the appropriate tools and follow the instructions.

Thanks to the plasticity and strength of the metal, copper pipes are cutting and flexing. Rotate the pipeline can be performed both by using pipe bending and using fittings. And for the device of branches and compounds with various devices, there are many parts from heat-resistant plastics, brass, stainless steel and bronze.

On the interaction of copper with other metals

In most private houses, household water pipelines are assembled from steel and aluminum pipes. In heating systems there are also radiators made of steel or aluminum. Incorrect cutting into such a wiring of copper pipes is fraught with considerable problems.

For construction standards to eliminate corrosion processes in a pipeline from various pipes, water flow should be sent to copper

The most optimal installation option is the use of pipes and devices solely from copper and its alloys. Now without problems, bimetallic aluminum-copper radiators can be found, as well as appropriate fittings and shut-off valves. Combining different metals is only in extreme cases.

If combination is inevitable, then copper must be closed in the chain of the elements of the pipeline. It is impossible to save it from the ability to carry out electrot.

And if there is even a weak current, this metal creates with steel, aluminum and zinc galvanic pairs, which inevitably leads to premature corrosion. When installing the water supply between them, it is necessary to insert adapters from bronze.

It is also a potential problem - oxygen in water. The more its content, the faster corrosive pipes. This applies to pipelines from both one metal and made from different.

Often the owners of cottages allow a serious mistake, often changing the coolant in the heating system. This only leads to the addition of completely unnecessary portions of oxygen. It is best not to change the water completely, but to add it when there is a need.

Installation Choice: Discalted VS In-Dispute

To in a single pipeline system, you can use several methods of their articulation. Different plumbing apply crimp and press fittings, welding or soldering. But before starting work itself, you need to decide on the pipeline or detachable.

There are three mounting technologies for connecting pipes from copper:

electric welding;
soldering with a burner or electrician;
pressing.

All these technologies can be applied in the formation of both the detachable and all-in-disposal system. There is more question of using a variety of fittings and adapters or a refusal of them.

If the design can not be disassembled without the destruction of its individual parts, it is considered to be delicate - it turns out cheaper, but it is more difficult to repair it

If the pipeline system is needed detachable, as well as a simpler repair and addition of new elements, then the connections must be made detached.

For this use fittings:

compression;
threaded;
self-defined.

The detachable connections are easier to perform independently, you can do without soldering. They do not require a master of unnecessarily high qualifications.

However, such nodes need constant inspection and pulling nuts to exclude leaks. Pressure and temperature drops in the system lead to weakening fasteners. And from time to time they are recommended to pull up.

If access to copper pipes is planned to be closed with tightly finish or concrete screed, it is best to connect them to a deign design by soldering or welding. Such a system is more reliable, durable and resistant to impulses.

It is forbidden to damage from copper. This metal is too soft in its structure. With the device of the detachable pipeline, all threaded connections should be made by fittings. Recently connect with a copper pipe with pressing or soldering.

Before performing compounds, copper pipes are prepared in a special way:

Gallery of images

Copper pipe cutting is made of metal or pipe cutter. The line of the cut should be exactly at right angles.

After cutting the end of the pipe is necessarily processed by the game to remove the slightest irregularities and burrs

A portion of the pipe immersed in the fuel prepared for soldering is thoroughly cleaned from dirt and degrease

No cleaning and degreasing coupling, removal or tee, which will be soldered to the pipe

Copper Copper Pipe Before Connection

Removal of burrs a gratering agent

Degression and stripping of the outer surface

Stripping Curbus Coupling and Fitting

Three main ways of compound

Before connecting the segments of copper pipes, you need to cut them in accordance with the wiring scheme and prepare. It will take the pipeline or hacksaw for metal, pipe bender and a file. And for stripping the ends does not hurt and fine-grained sandpaper.

Only having a scheme of a future pipeline system on their hands, you can calculate the required amount of consumables. It is necessary to determine in advance, where and what diameter of the pipe will be mounted. It is necessary to clearly understand how much the connecting elements will be required for this.

Option # 1: Welding copper pipes

To perform automated or manual welding of copper pipes, electrodes and gas are required to create a protective environment (nitrogen, argon or helium). You will also need a welding machine on constant current and in some cases burner. The electrode may be graphite, tungsten, copper or coal.

The main disadvantage of this assembly technology is significant differences in the characteristics of the seam and metal pipe obtained. They differ in chemical composition, internal structure, electric and thermal conductivity. With incorrectly performing welding, the junction may even dispense.

Due to copper doping as a result of a welding seam available in the electrode, a welding seam is very different from the main metal welded

Welding copper pipes can be properly connected only by a qualified master. It requires certain knowledge and skills.

This embodiment has a mass of technological nuances. If there is no place in the plans to do it yourself, but there is no experience with the welding machine, it is better to use a different way of compound.

Option # 2: Capillary soldering

In domestic conditions, copper pipe welding plumbing is rarely connected. It is too complicated, requiring specialized skills and time consuming. It is easier to use the capillary soldering method using a gas burner or a soldering lamp.

The technology of soldering pipes from copper is based on the capillary lift (seeping) of the latter after melting on the gap between two pressed metal planes

Copper pipe soldering:

low-temperature - use soft solders and soldering lamp;
high temperature - refractory alloys and propane or acetylene burner are used.

Of particular difference in the final result, these methods of braking copper pipes do not have. The connection in both cases is obtained reliable and durable to the gap. The seam with a high temperature method is somewhat stronger. However, due to the high temperature, the gas jet out of the burner increases the risk of burning the pipe wall metal.

Solders are used on the basis of tin or lead with the addition of bismuth, selenium, copper and silver. However, if the pipes roll for the drinking water supply system, then it is better to abandon it from a lead option.

Gallery of images

To implement low-temperature welding, it is not necessary to have special equipment and special performers skills. Conduct it with your own forces

The compound of low-temperature soldering is used mainly in the assembly of pipelines from soft pipes R 220. They maintain a pressure of 220 N / mm², which does not exceed the operating parameters in household heating and water supply networks

To perform low-temperature soldering pipe and solder, it is enough to warm up the standard soldering lamp

To create a melt, filling capillaries and the gap between the connected pipes, uses a light-melting solder, which quickly melts and freely spreads along the crop

Low-temperature welding in living conditions

Bay with soft copper pipes

Soldering lamp for low-temperature soldering

Use of low-melting solder

Two ways of spike piping from copper diffuses:

bubble;
with the help of fittings.

The first option provides for expanding the end of one of the connected pipes with a special expander. Then, this socket is put on the second pipe, and the joint is soldered with the help of solder.

The extension of the end is made so that there is a gap of 0.1-0.2 mm between the external and inner walls of the combined products. More is not necessary. Solder on it due to the capillary effect will still fill the entire existing lumen.

In this technology, it is important not to damage the pipe when expanding. If it is made of solid copper (R 290), it will have to be superbilled. At the same time, the metal at the articulation site acquires the properties of a soft counterpart. It is important not to forget about these changes when calculating the parameters of the operating pressure in the pipeline.

The use of special fittings for capillary soldering makes it possible to eliminate errors with the degree of pipe expansion in the formation of the termination, they are initially fitted for the desired

To simplify the soldering with your own hands of the elements of the copper pipeline, it is enough to purchase ready-made couplings, turns, tees and plugs. They already have the necessary fallen. The use of these parts leads to an increase in the cost of assembly work, but they greatly simplifies them.

To purify the metal at the site of soldering and lubrication of the solder, the ends of the connected pipes are covered with flux. It should be applied solely on the pipe walls outside. Curses and fittings from the inside are not processed. This is simply no need.

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To perform high-temperature soldering, the use of gas propane or acetylene burner is required

For the operational conduct of low-temperature smelting, fittings are used with a light-melting point in them. They are permissible to apply when performing high-temperature soldering

To improve the quality of the solder, the connected pipes are covered with flux, which plays the role of metal lubrication and trancing. In a high-temperature soldering, a boar is used as a flux

For the production of high-temperature soldering, it will take refractory solder from bronze or silver alloy with copper. It comes in the form of hard rods with a diameter of 3 mm

Propane or acetylene gas burner

Using fittings with fused solder

Processing Flux Connection Zone

Sodle refractory solder

To perform the spike tubes are inserted into the socket and heat the burner. When the desired temperature is reached, solder is brought to the gap. He begins to melt and fly inside.

If it falls too much into the joint, it will follow the pipeline from the inside, which will lead to a narrowing of the inner diameter of the pipe. And with a small flow rate, the compound is not sufficiently proplayer.

If problems arise with the use of solder, then you can use fittings in which it is already in the desired volumes. To simplify work now, at the factory, the capillary belt from the corresponding alloy is brought to these connecting elements. This item needs only to wear onto the pipe and warm up the burner.

Option # 3: Collet fittings and press couplings

The in-disable connection of pipes from copper can be performed using a press clutch or crimping (collet) fittings. Instead of solder, a sealing ring is used instead of a solder. The first option is clamped onto the pipe with special ticks, and the second - the ones with the nuts and the key to them.