Seams mounting nodes of the adjoining window blocks to the walls of the rigorous technical conditions. Seams mounting nodes adjoining window blocks to wall slums-based technical conditions for the installation of PVC windows according to GOST
The German company Illbruck is a leader in the development and production of materials for isolation of window openings, it has developed and implemented a single EEC standard. On its basis, a new GOST 30971-2002 was developed in the Russian Federation, which regulates ways to install windows in terms of mounting seams.
ILLBRUCK Mounting Technology
- Manufacturers of window profiles guarantee the durability of windows for decades, and you have the right to expect that putting new windows once, they do not have to change. So it will be, if you choose high-quality installation with high-quality windows. The correct installation from incorrect externally differs with insignificant nuances, but these nuances increase the service life of windows several times.
- After mounting windows, there is a need to protect the joints of the window with walls from destruction under the influence of external influences, such as water, snow, sun rays.
- Mounting foam is one of the best insulation, but it has a property to absorb moisture from air and walls, as a result of which loses its heat-insulating properties, contributing to the freezing of the assembly seam and the formation of mold and fungus.
- To protect the assembly seam from the impact of external environments, a set of activities was developed, including special protective materials.
- The main insulator is an elastic waterproof material, made in the form of a pre-compressed sealing tape (psul). Psuli protects the mounting foam from external influences, does not pass moisture and sunlight. At the same time, it contributes to the ventilation of the seam and the removal of excess moisture in the form of a steam from the mounting foam due to the indoor pressure difference and outside
Materials
1. Psuli-pre-compressed, self-disruptive ilmod 2d sealing tape protects the joint from the action of sunlight, rain, frost, temperature drop, ventilate seam.
2. Variazolation sealing tapes Illtape Vlies Duo and Illdif I protects the joint from the penetration of moisture from the inside of the room, prevents the appearance of condensate and plmarks on the slopes.
3. Water-proof diffusion tape ILLDIF A protects the junction of the gallery under the window drain from the accumulation of moisture, ventilates seam.
4. Thermal insulation foam material ILLFOAM polyurethane foam is a high-quality thermal insulation and sound insulation material. Disadvantages: collapsed from sunlight and absorbs moisture, as a result, it is collapsed from the temperature drop.
Pits
Illtape vlies duo.
ILLDIF A.
Polyurethane foam
New GOST 30971 - 2012
From January 1, 2014, for voluntary use as the National Standard of the Russian Federation introduced GOST 30971 - 2012 "Suts of mounting nodes adjacent window blocks to wall openings."
New GOST is more clear, it takes into account most of the critical comments to the previous GOST, introduced new requirements, materials and terms.
The GRADDO company closely monitors the changes in the rationing and standardization in the field of translucent designs and therefore we provide our services with regard to the introduction of new materials and standards.
Differences of the new Gosta
The structure has changed, many new applications have been introduced:
Appendix A (mandatory). General requirements for mounting seam materials.
Appendix M (mandatory). Rules for fixing window blocks in wall openings.
Appendix d (mandatory). Estimated method for estimating the temperature mode of nodes of adjoining window blocks to wall openings.
Appendix E (mandatory). Evaluation of the heat engineering characteristics of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to the wall openings in laboratory and incense conditions.
Appendix F (Reference). Methods for determining the water permeability of nodes of the adjoining window blocks to wall openings in full-scale conditions.
Appendix and (Reference). Methods for determining air permeability and defects of nodes of adjoining window blocks to wall openings in full-scale conditions.
The standard applies to the mounting seams in the nodes of the adjoining window blocks (including balcony) and translucent structures to the openings of the outer walls of heated buildings. Thus, it does not work on the cold glazing of balconies and loggia. The requirements of the standard can be applied when designing and device adjoining the exterior doors, gates, stained steel structures and ribbon glazing, does not apply to all types of mounted facade structures, winter gardens and translucent roofs, as well as on-site windows, on special purpose window blocks in part Additional requirements for fire safety and protection against hacking.
New terms have been introduced:
Atmosphericraft - Additional element installed outside to protect against impact of atmospheric phenomena (rain, snow, wind, etc.) if the material of the outer layer of the mounting seam does not provide the desired protection class.
Parry-permeable sealant - Sealant, the vapor permeability of which ensures the implementation of the requirement of this standard for the resistance of the vapor permeation and the thickness of the outer layer of the assembly seam.
Window quarter - Part of the wall, protruding the plane of the slope of the window opening.
Sill - detail of the lower part of the internal frame of the window opening: the board, profile or stove, stacked at the level of the lower bar of the window box and made of wood, PVC, stone, metal, reinforced concrete.
Operating degree of compression tape - The ratio of the ribbon width after installation in the installation seam to the maximum extension value, which provides the manufacturer's operational characteristics (parameters).
Window adjoining knot (balcony) block to wallpapers - a constructive system that ensures the conjugation of the wall opening (including parts of the outdoor inner slopes) with a box of a window (balcony) unit, which includes the installation seam, windowsill, sump, and facing and fasteners.
Operational conditions - The temperature and humidity characteristics of the internal microclimate, the region of construction and installation of the assembly seam.
Describes the adjunctions of window plum and windowsill.
According to the materials of the magazine "Translucent Constructions" No. 6 2013
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Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification
INTERSTATE COUNCIL FOR STANDARDIZATION, METROLOGY AND CERTIFICATION (ISC)
Interstate
STANDARD
Seams mounting nodes adjoining window blocks to wall openings General technical conditions
Official edition
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Standinform |
Preface
The goals, the basic principles and the main procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are GOST 1.0-92 "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions "and GOST 1.2-2009" Interstate standardization system. Standards interstate, rules and recommendations on interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, applications, updates and cancellations »
Information about standard
1 Developed by a Limited Liability Company NUPC "Interregional Institute of Windows" (NUPC "Interregional Institute of Windows") with the participation of the institution "Research Institute of Construction Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences" (Niizf Raasn), State Unitary Enterprise Research Institute Moscow Construction "(State Unitary Enterprise" Nimosstroy ")
2 Submitted by the Technical Committee on Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 Adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Registration and Assessment of Conformity in Construction (MNTKS) (Protocol dated 14.06.2012 No. 40)
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4 by the order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 27, 2012 No. 1983-stage Interstate Standard GOST 30971-2012 was introduced as a national standard of the Russian Federation from January 1, 2014.
Information about the changes to this standard is published in the annual information indicator "National Standards", and the text of the amendments and amendments - in the monthly information indicator "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or the cancellation of this Standard, the appropriate notification will be published in the National Standards Monthly Information Index. Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
© Standinform, 2014
In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology
5.2.2 Sizes and configuration of window openings must comply with the work of the project documentation.
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Table 2 - Mounting Gap Sizes |
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The maximum size of the mounting gap is determined based on the characteristics of the material of the central layer, the recommended size is not more than 60 mm. |
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5.2.3 The deviation from the vertical and horizontal side of the side of the opening should not exceed 4.0 mm per 1 m.
Check are carried out in three ways:
Construction level, while measuring the width and height spend at least three times;
Measuring the diagonals of the opening;
Laser plane builder.
5.2.4 When determining the mounting gaps, it is necessary to take into account the limit deviation from the size of the boxes of the window block. Deviations from vertical and horizontally mounted window blocks should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m length, but not more than 3 mm on the height of the product. Installation of window blocks in openings having deviations of geometric dimensions exceeding the specified in 5.2.3 is not allowed.
5.3 Requirements for the preparation of mounting clearance surfaces
5.3.1 The edges and surface of the openings should not have rinse, shells, influx of the solution and other damage height (depth) more than 10 mm.
Defective places should be covered with waterproof compositions.
Empty in the slopes of opening of walls (for example, cavities at the joints of the facing and main layers of brick masonry in the joints of the jumpers and masonry joints; the rods formed by removing the boxes when replacing window blocks, etc.) should be filling out inserts from rigid foampelters, antiseptic wood or plastering mixtures. When using mineral wool insulation, it is recommended to ensure protection against saturation of moisture. When installing window blocks in the fourth openings, the recommended approach for a quarter of the window block should be at least 10 mm.
Surfaces having oil pollution should be degreased. Ruffy, sprinkled areas of the surfaces should be hardened (treated with binding compositions or special film materials).
5.3.2 Before installing the insulation materials of the surface openings and structures, the surface of the window openings and structures should be cleaned of dust, dirt and oil spots, and in winter conditions - from snow, ice, and then with the subsequent heating of the surface.
5.3.3 The sequence of technological operations necessary to perform the mounting seam is developed in the project manufacturing project in the form of technological maps. Technological maps should be developed taking into account the general climatic features of the construction area, as well as the expected season of the year for installation work.
The development of a technological map or regulations should be carried out taking into account the operations necessary to prepare the surfaces of the wall opening, as well as taking into account the requirements established in the Appendix G.
5.4 Security Requirements
5.4.1 In the work of work on the installation of installation seams, as well as the storage and processing of waste of insulation and other materials, the requirements of construction standards and safety regulations in construction, fire safety rules in the production of construction and safety, sanitary standards and safety standards should be respected , including labor safety standards (SSBT). All technological operations and production processes should be developed for safety instructions (including operations related to the exploitation of electrical equipment and leads at height).
5.4.2 Persons employed on installation should be provided with workwear and personal protective equipment on ND.
5.4.3 Persons engaged in the installation when taking a job, and also periodically must undergo a medical examination in accordance with the applicable rules of health authorities, safety instructions and be trained in safe operation.
5.4.4 On all installation operations (including loading and unloading and transport) must be developed and approved in the prescribed manual for the safety instructions.
5.5 Environmental Protection Requirements
5.5.1 All installation seam materials must be environmentally friendly. In the processes of transportation, storage and operation, these materials should not be separated into the surrounding medium toxic substances in concentrations exceeding the permissible norms.
5.5.2 The utilization of waste arising during installation should be carried out by their industrial processing in accordance with the terms of the current ND and legal instruments.
6 Rules acceptance
6.1 Acceptance of finished mounting seams are carried out on construction sites (or house-building enterprises). Acceptance is subject to window openings with installed window blocks and completed mounting seams made on the same technology.
6.2 Acceptance of mounting seams are carried out in stages:
Input control of materials used;
Monitoring the preparation of window openings and window blocks;
Monitoring compliance with the requirements for installing window blocks;
Production operational control;
Acceptance tests upon completion of work;
Qualifying and periodic laboratory tests of materials and assembly seams conducted by test centers (laboratories).
The results of all types of control (tests) are recorded in the relevant accounting magazines.
The completion of the installation on the installation of the seams is drawn up with an act for hidden work and the act of their acceptance.
6.3 Input control of materials and products when they arrive and storage are carried out in accordance with the requirements of ND on these materials and products. At the same time, they check sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, the expiration date, marking of products (containers), certificates of conformity (if any), a document confirming the quality of the party to the materials used, containing the results of acceptance and periodic tests in the scope of technical indicators, in accordance with Annex A, as well as the fulfillment of the conditions established in the supply contracts.
6.4 Control of the preparation of window openings and installation of window blocks is carried out according to the technological documentation for the production of installation work, taking into account the requirements of the current project documentation and this standard.
When compiling an act of acceptance of the front of the work check:
Preparation of surface opening surfaces;
Dimensions (limit deviations) of window openings;
Deviations from the size of mounting gaps;
Compliance of installation gaps with the requirements of working documentation (RD);
Other requirements established in RD and technological documentation.
If the quality of the openings does not correspond to at least one of the above requirements, then the opening cannot be accepted on the act of acceptance, and the act with the list of flaws that must be eliminated.
6.5 When drawing up an act of installation of fasteners check:
Type and size of fasteners;
Compliance with the location of fixing elements with the requirements of the RD;
The correspondence of the magnitude of the blowjob (screwing) and landing the dowels sizes specified in
6.6 When drawing up an act of quality on filling mounting gaps check:
The depth of filling, the size of the mounting seam;
Lack of emptiness, cracks, detachalies;
Size of shells (if available).
6.7 In drawing up an act of quality of application of the outer and internal layers of the assembly seam, check:
Compliance with the installation of insulation materials with the requirements of the RD;
The thickness of the layer and the width of the contact strip sealant with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design.
6.8 Operational control of the quality of the installation seams is carried out immediately after the completion of the work on sealing prior to the start of finishing internal slopes, while:
Window openings for conducting control measurements are chosen arbitrarily;
To assess the quality of sealing, methods of non-destructive testing by the criterion of continuity and homogeneity of the sealing circuit along the perimeter of the window opening are used;
To estimate the above parameters, the remote temperature measurement method is used by the contactless method on the inner and outer surfaces of the seam in accordance with the control dimension scheme shown in Figure 5, using a portable pyrometer. The instruments used for measurements must pass the primary calibration of software.
Measurement results are fixed in a special application to an acceptance act for hidden work.
1 - the overall circuit of the window block; 2 - installation seam; 3 - control points around the perimeter of the window opening for measuring temperatures on the inner surface of the seam; T В.ST-temperature of the inner surface of the wall; t n. C T - the temperature of the outer surface of the wall; £ V.Sh - temperature of the inner surface of the seam;? NSh - temperature of the outer surface of the seam; N - distance from the plane of the window opening to the point of measurement
Figure 5 - Scheme of temperature control measurement for assessing the quality of the mounting seam
6.9 Control of the heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam is carried out according to the method in accordance with the application D.
6.10 Classification and periodic laboratory tests of installation seams are carried out at the request of the design, construction and other organizations to confirm the classification characteristics and operational indicators of installation seams in accordance with Appendix A.
It is allowed to determine the characteristics of the mounting seams by the calculated methods on ND approved in the prescribed manner.
7 Test Methods
7.1 Material testing methods for input quality control are installed in technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of ND on these materials and the requirements of this standard.
7.1.1 Determination of conditional strength and relative elongation in the break of sealants, diffusion and vapor insulation tapes are determined according to GOST 21751.
7.1.2 Determination of tensile strength and relative elongation when a foam seal break
7.1.2.1 Sample for testing
The test sample is a prism of a cured foam with dimensions in cross section 50x50 mm and a thickness of 30 mm, glued between two rigid plates prepared as follows.
The cylinder with foam is pre-shaken 20-30 times, a foam is released from a cylinder into shape of 50 mM wide, 50 mm high and 300 mm long, which from the inside is lined with anti-adhesive paper (surface treatment with anti-adhesion compositions is allowed). Form surfaces are pre-moisturized.
After curing the surplus of foam, protruding the dimensions of the shape, cut off. From the received board, five prisms of the foam of the required size are cut.
Samples are glued to metal plates with a size of 70x50 mm. The thickness of the plates are chosen from the condition that they should not be deformed at an effort that occurs when the sample is destructed. Plates can be concrete, metal, wooden or from a different material. Adhesive should not destroy the structure of the foam and ensure the strength of the adhesion of the foam with plates is higher than the strength of the foam itself during the destruction.
7.1.2.2 Testing
Tensile test is carried out on a discontinuous machine according to GOST 21751 at a speed of 10 mm / min. The sample with rigid plates is fixed in the clips of the discontinuous machine.
The stretching force is applied perpendicular to the surface of the sample in the direction that simulates the direction of power loads on the material under conditions of use. An example of fastening the samples in the discontinuous machine is shown in Figure 6.
7.1.2.3 Rating Results
Tensile strength 8, MPa, calculated by the formula
where f p is the maximum strength when tensile, H;
S is a cross-sectional area, mm 2.
For the result of the test, the average-brimetic value of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, the discrepancy between which does not exceed 10%.
Relative extension at breaking E,%, calculated by the formula
£ \u003d - ■ 100, (2)
where / o is the initial height of the sample, mm;
/ 1 - the sample height at the time of the break, mm.
For the result of the test, the average-generation value of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, is taken, while the average value should not differ from any one used by the calculation by more than 20%.
7.1.3 The strength of the clutch of sealants with materials of wall openings and window structures is determined according to GOST 26589, B. Method
7.1.4 Resistance to peeling (adhesion strength) of film and belt materials is determined by GOST 10174.
7.1.5 Determination of the adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the materials of wall openings and window structures
7.1.5.1 Test Samples
The clutch strength is determined on samples - fragments of seams, in which the seam of the foam of 50x50x30 mm is located between two substrates. Samples are prepared by the method of sending. As substrates, the material is used for which the tensile strength of the foam is determined: PVC, metal, concrete, painted wood, etc. The substrate size should be 70x50 mm, and the thickness is 3-20 mm depending on the type of material.
For the manufacture of samples prepare the shape of chipboard or other rigid material with the following dimensions: width 70 mm, height
70 mm and a length of 300 mm, which from the inside is laid out with paper. The substrates are laid in a form of length so that between the 1st and 2nd, 3rd and 4th and so on to five samples, the distance was 30 mm, the distance should be wedged with wooden liners with a size of 10x30x70 mm, wrapped with anti-adhesive paper. Foam prepared in accordance with 7.1.2.1, fill the space between the liners approximately 60% of the cylinder with an adapter and 100% of the cylinder with a gun. After curing, the samples are removed from the mold and purified from excess foam. Samples for testing should be five.
7.1.5.2 Testing - according to 7.1.2.2.
7.1.5.3 Rating Results
The adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the material of the substrate is calculated in accordance with 7.1.2.3. The nature of the destruction of the samples is also recorded: adhesion or cohesion.
7.1.6 The water absorption of the foam insulation in volume with surface exposure of water is determined by subsection 10.4 GOST 17177.
7.1.7 Resistance to ParProopsyania and the Parry Permissions Coefficient of Maintenance Sewage - according to GOST 25898.
7.1.8 Heat engineering indicators of materials of the assembly seam - according to GOST 7076.
7.2 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.2.1 The deformation stability of the mounting seam is determined by cyclic tests of stretching - compression with the value of the permissible deformation corresponding to the class of operational characteristics at which the integrity of the seam is preserved.
7.2.2 Test Samples
The test is carried out on samples - fragments of seams manufactured by 7.1.5.1. As substrates in the manufacture of samples, substrates with dimensions 100x50 mm can also be used, respectively, the width of the samples should be changed. The number of test samples is at least three.
7.2.3 Testing
For testing, a low-cycle fatigue machine of the MUM-3-100 type is used (see Figure 7) or any testing machine that ensures the alternate deformation of samples with specified deformation values \u200b\u200band speed. The test rate must be 5-10 mm / min. The test is carried out at a temperature (20 ± 3) ° C.
The value of stretching - compression is installed in the test program corresponding to a specific assembly class, but not less than 8%. The amplitude of the stretching deformation - compression l £, mm, calculated by the formula
where e is a given deformation,%; h - sample thickness, mm; l £ - stretching amplitude - compression, mm;
At least 20 stretching cycles are carried out - sample compression.
7.2.4 Rating Results
cross-cutting
After completion of cyclic tests, the samples are subjected to a visual test result are recognized as satisfactory if each sample does not have bundles, detachments from substrates and destruction.
7.3 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
7.3.1 Evaluation of frost resistance is determined by flexibility on a bar with a radius of a 25 mm radius according to GOST 26589 at a temperature of minus 20 ° C for seams of normal design and minus 40 ° C - for seams of frost-resistant execution.
7.3.2 The heat resistance estimate is determined according to GOST 26589.
7.4 Preparation of window opening surfaces are evaluated visually.
7.5 Geometric sizes of mounting gaps, wall openings, mounted window
the designs and the dimensions of the defects of the surfaces of the openings are measured by a metal measuring tape measure in accordance with GOST 7502, a metal line according to GOST 427, a caliper of GOST 166 using methods according to GOST 26433.0 and GOST 26433.1. It is allowed to use others
measurement tools, attorneys (calibrated) in the prescribed manner, with an error defined in regulatory documents.
When measuring deviations from a sheer line (vertical) and horizontal levels of surfaces of window openings and structures, you should use the measurement rules according to GOST 26433.2.
7.6 The appearance and quality of the device of the mounting seam layers are estimated visually with illumination of at least 300 lux at a distance of 400-600 mm.
The thickness of the sealant layer and the width of the contact band with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design are verified in the indicated in the way.
7.7 The thickness of the sealant used as an outdoor (internal) layer of the mounting seam is measured after curing the sealant. In the layer of sealant make a P-shaped section, the carved part of the sealant is fused out.
The designated p-shaped sealant section is separated from a foam base and using a caliper measured the thickness of the most narrow part of the sealant film.
To control the degree of compression to CO,% of the self-seeping tape (psul) it is necessary to select a piece of tape, measure the reduced size of the thickness of H 0, the width of the seam at the tape selection site / f, calculate the degree of compression by the formula
Ko \u003d n "n np (4)
7.8 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.8.1 The heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam are determined by the estimated method in accordance with the Annex D, in the laboratory conditions, either by the method of methods in accordance with the Annex E.
The water permeability of the sealants of the outer layer is determined according to GOST 2678.
7.8.2 The air permeability of the mounting seams is determined in the laboratory according to the method specified in GOST 26602.2. Determination of air permeability of the mounting seams in full-scale conditions is recommended to carry out with the control of the overall air permeability of the building or a separate room according to GOST 31167 (Appendix and).
When testing in the laboratory conditions, the test chamber should identify the design of the wall opening, and the sample of the window block is the window block shown in the design documentation for the underlining seam (adjoining node). The design and technology of the installation seam device is taken according to the constructive solution of the adjunct node installed in the project documentation.
7.8.3 Soundproofing of mounting seams are determined according to GOST 27296.
Requirements for the test chamber are similar to those specified in 7.8.2, the following conditions must be completed:
box of the window block fill the panel, carefully insulating the gaps in the box connection and panel,
constructive solution of the panel and insulation of gaps during sound insulation tests should provide estimated sound insulation of at least 45 dBA,
the conditions for testing are specified in the task (direction) for testing.
7.8.4 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
7.8.5 Methods for testing indicators used for installation seams are installed in ND to these materials and existing standards.
7.8.6 Durability (service life) of the assembly seam is allowed to determine as the minimum durability of materials included in the exterior central or inner layer of the assembly seam, are determined by methods agreed and approved in the prescribed manner.
7.8.7 The compatibility of the mounting seam materials is confirmed by comparison of the values \u200b\u200bof the hydrogen indicator of the pH of contacting materials, and the contact of materials having a sour or alkaline reaction is not allowed.
8 Manufacturer's warranty
The manufacturer of works guarantees the compliance of the installation seams with the requirements of this standard, subject to the compliance with the requirements of this standard and the compliance of operational loads on the installation seams by the calculated values \u200b\u200bestablished in the RD.
The warranty period of the mounting seam is established in the contract between the manufacturer of works and the customer, but at least five years from the date of signing the act of acceptance at the construction site or delivery of the factory manufacture panel with the installed window block.
14GOST 30971-2012 Appendix A (mandatory) General requirements for assembly seam
And 1 General requirements for materials
Appendix A (mandatory) General requirements for assembly seam
And 1 General requirements for materials
A.1.1 Materials used in the designs of mounting seams must comply with the requirements of standards, technical conditions and terms of contracts for the supply. The use of materials with an expired expiration date is allowed only under the condition of positive results of repeated (additional) tests for their compliance with the established requirements.
A.1.2 Materials used in the designs of installation seams must have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion in accordance with the legislation of the state.
A.1.3 Materials used for installation seams must have operating use in the range from minus 10 ° C to plus 40 ° C.
A.1.4 The assembly node must be designed so that the durability of materials used for the installation seams was not less than 20 years per 5.1.9.
A.1.5 Materials used for the device of various layers of the mounting seam must be compatible with each other, as well as with wall opening materials, window box and fasteners.
A.1.6 The possibility of applying a combination of materials should be checked by calculating the humidity of the assembly seam with the conditions of operation of the premises. Determining criteria in accordance with the current NDs are:
Inadmissibility of moisture accumulation in the installation seam for the annual period of operation;
Restriction of moisture accumulation in the heat insulating layer over the period of operation with negative average monthly outdoor temperatures.
A.1.7 When performing mounting seams with resistance to the vapor-permeation of the outer waterproofing layer less than 0.25 m 2 h / mg and resistance to the vapor-permeation of the internal vapor barrier layer, more than 2 m 2 h / mg.
A.1.8 Materials for the installation seams should be stored in compliance with the storage conditions specified in the ND on these materials.
A.2 Requirements for the outer layer
A.2.1 The outer layer of the assembly seam must be waterproof at rain effects and a given (calculated) pressure drop between the outer and the inner surfaces of the mounting seam.
The water permeability limit of the mounting seam should be at least 300 pa.
A.2.2 The materials of the outer layer should not prevent the removal of vapor moisture from the central seam layer.
The value of the resistance to the vapor permeation of the outer layer of the seam should be no more than 0.25 m 2 h / mg.
A.2.3 The materials of the outer layer of the assembly seam must be resistant to the effects of the following operating temperatures:
For seams of ordinary execution - from plus 70 ° C to minus 30 ° C;
For seams of frost-resistant execution - from plus 70 ° C to minus 31 ° C and below.
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Table A1 -Technical requirements for vapor-permeable sealants |
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A.2.4 When performing an outer layer, the vapor-permeable sealant must be provided with the requirements shown in Table A.1.
The surface of the contact layer of the vapor-permeable sealant with the material of the wall opening and the window unit should be sufficient to ensure the required clutch strength. The width of the contact layer is at least 3 mm.
The actual layer thickness must be installed in the RD. The minimum thickness of the layer after the shrinkage should be no less than that the sealant tests for durability were carried out. In the absence of data on the thickness of the samples on the durability tests, it must be taken equal to 3 mm. The maximum layer thickness should be no more that the corresponding A.2.2 values \u200b\u200bof resistance to vapor permeation were obtained.
The maximum allowable radius of rounding layer of sealant in the areas of the "Mounting foam / window block" and "Mounting foam / wall-wall" should be set in the manufacturer's ND to the sealant.
The thickness of the sealant layer is measured by 7.7.
The surface of the sealant should not have cracks, the sealant layer should not smell or peel from the mounting seam materials.
A.2.5 When performing the outer layer, the following requirements must be provided with self-seizable sealing ribbons:
The value of the vapor permeability coefficient in a state of work compression is not less than 0.14 mg / (M-h / PA);
Water absorption of the surface of self-seeping sealing tapes in volume when the tape is operating in 12 hours should not exceed 4%;
Self-accepted sealing tapes must overlap the installation gap in a state close to the optimal compression degree, which should be at least 25% of their complete expansion. Resistance to compression of sealing tapes at 50% deformation should be at least 2.5 kPa;
The resistance to peeling sealing and diffusion tapes from a concrete base should be at least 0.3 kN / m (kgf / cm).
In cases of applying tapes for compaction of assembly gaps of building structures designed for operation with elevated winds (for example, in high-rise construction) and other loads, sealing tapes should be used complete with protective overhead profiles (naschelniki).
A.2.6 When used in the outer layer of the installation seam of plaster solutions, it is necessary to provide appropriate adhesion with the materials of the wall and the design of the window block, in the places of the plastering solution to PVC profile requires sealing.
Application of a plaster layer, putty or coloring compositions, worsening operational indicators of mounting seams, is not allowed on vapor-permeable material of the outer layer.
A.Az Requirements for the central layer
A.3.1 The central layer should provide the required heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam.
A.3.2 As the materials of the central layer use, as a rule, polyurethane foams. The optimal width of the foam sealer layer is 15-60 mm, the depth is no less thickness of the translucent design box. Production of work using polyurethane foam is allowed at a temperature not lower than minus 10 ° C. Specifications for the foam insulation of this layer are shown in Table A.2
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Table A.2 - Specifications of foam insulation |
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GOST 30971-2012 Introduction
This standard is intended for use in the production of work on filling mounting gaps between the surface of the wall opening and the planes of the window (door) block, as well as when designing nodes of the window and door blocks.
This standard was developed on the basis of technical analysis of many years of operation of window (door) blocks in various climatic conditions on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
This standard is aimed at ensuring the improvement of the comfort of residence, an increase in durability and energy efficiency in construction in terms of increasing the requirements for the heat-protective characteristics of nodes of the window (door) blocks.
The requirements of this standard are intended to be applied by organizations carrying out activities in the field of construction and design, regardless of the forms of ownership and state affiliation.
Other seals (for example, thermolene, jute harnesses, polyethylene tubes or tapes installed on the side of the seam) can be used as the medium-sized layer material (for example, providing reliable operation of the mounting seam when installing a cacopate with a material compression ratio of at least 75%.
This should ensure resistance to temperature effects in the entire temperature range for the construction region.
A.3.3 The resistance to the vapor permeation of the central layer of the assembly seam should be in the range of values \u200b\u200bof this indicator for the outer and inner layers.
In the application of profiles of window blocks of more than 80 mm wide and if the width of the assembly gap exceeds the size provided by this standard, more than 1.5 times, the filling of the gap should be carried out in a layer, at intervals between the layers using the technology recommended by the foam insulation manufacturer.
The cut of the excess foam seal is allowed both from the outer and from the inner side under the condition of the shelter of the seal with a solid insulating layer.
A.3.4 In the case of an additional water and vapor barrier layer, to prevent the effect of diffusion moisture from the wall opening of the central layer, insulating tapes are used (as a rule, without aluminum foil), mastic or sealants. The resistance to the vapor permeation resistance of an additional water and vapor barrier layer should not be below this indicator for the inner layer of the seam.
A.3.5 Filling the assembly clearance with thermal insulation materials should be solid in cross section, without emptiness and looseness, breaks, cracks and overflows. The bundles, through gaps, cracks, and also the sinks of more than 6 mm are not allowed.
A.4 Requirements for the inner layer
A.4.1 The inner layer must provide the mounting seam countertility.
Resistance to the vaporium permeability of the inner layer should exceed this indicator for the central layer and have a vapor permanent resistance value of at least 2.0 m 2 h v / mg.
A4.2 As the materials of the inner layer, they are mainly self-adhesive tapes and vapor insulation elastic sealants.
A.4.3 Vapor insulation materials on the internal contour of the assembly clearance must be laid continuously, without skips, breaks and non-flocks.
A.4.4 When performing the inner layer, the following requirements must be provided with vapor insulating elastic sealants:
Conditional strength at the moment of breaking at least 0.1 MPa;
Relative lengthening at the time of breaking on sample blades of at least 200%;
The surface of the contact of the sealant with the material of the wall opening and the window unit should be sufficient to provide the required adhesion strength. The width of the contact layer must be at least 3 mm;
The actual layer thickness must be installed in the RD. The minimum layer thickness after the shrinkage should meet the requirements for vapor permeability by A.4.1 and durability of 5.1.11.
In the absence of data on the thickness of samples on tests for durability, it is taken equal to 3 mm.
The thickness of the layer is measured by 7.7;
The materials of the inner layer are allowed to be applied along a butt cord (tube) from foamed elastic polyethylene with water absorption in terms of no more than 1.5%;
The surface of the sealant should not have cracks, the sealant layer should not be extinguished.
3.12 A layer of mounting seam: the component of the mounting seam, which performs certain functions and meets the specified requirements.
3.13 Node adjoining the window (balcony) unit to wallpapers: a constructive system that ensures the pairing of the wall opening (including parts of the outdoor and internal slopes) with a box of a window (balcony) unit, which includes a mounting seam, windowsill, sump, and facing and fasteners.
1 - central layer; 2 - outer sealing layer; 3 - inner sealing layer; 4 - an additional sealing layer; 5 - tide; 6 - windowsill
Figure 1 - Diagram of installation of the window block in the opening of the outer wall of the building
3.14 Operational power impact on the installation seam: Impact on the installation seam resulting from the deformations of the wall opening and the box of the window block due to the change in temperature-humidarity and wind load during operation.
3.15 Operational conditions: temperature and humidity characteristics of the internal microclimate, the construction region and installation of the assembly seam.
4 Classification
4.1 Classes of mounting seams
Depending on the main requirements of operation, mounting seams are divided into classes according to Table 1. 3
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Table 1 - Classification of mounting seams for operational characteristics |
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Notes 1 The value of the relative humidity of indoor indoors, less than which there is no condensate loss on the inner surface of the mounting seam, is determined for the temperature conditions of the most cold five days of the construction region and the conditions of the internal microclimate in the room according to its intended purpose. The determination of the value is carried out by the estimated method according to the procedure in accordance with the Annex of the AM or in the conduct of a personnel examination according to the procedure in accordance with the Annex E. 2 The value of the permissible deformation of the mounting seam is taken by the worst indicator of the materials of the outer, central and internal layers and are determined as a percentage. 3 The value of the permissible deformation of the mounting seam is defined as the ratio of the value of the greatest possible operational change in the size of the mounting seam without its destruction or reducing the specified characteristics to the initial value of this size. 4 Required mounting seam classes set in working documentation for adjoining nodes window blocks to wall passages._ |
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4.2 Legend
4.2.1 The conditional designation of the mounting seam should include the letter index "Shm" - seam assembly, digital designations of classes in terms of relative humidity, water permeability, air permeability, the value of permissible deformation and the designation of this standard.
An example of a conditional designation of a seam of installation with classes in terms of relative humidity - B, values \u200b\u200bof permissible deformation -A, according to GOST 30971-2012:
Note - In the documentation for installation seams (contract, contract, etc.), it is recommended to indicate the characteristics of the seams according to other classified parameters, as well as technical information on the coordination of the manufacturer with the consumer (including the specific values \u200b\u200bof the technical characteristics of the mounting seams and materials used for their devices confirmed by test results).
If in the documentation for installation seams, the class is not indicated, then it must be at least class B.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 Installation seams of nodes of the adjoining window and door blocks are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for design and technological documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
5.1.2 When developing structural installation seams, a complex of materials operating jointly and ensuring the following requirements should be used:
Tightness (impermeability) when exposed to atmospheric precipitation and wind in accordance with existing regulatory documents (ND); determined by the outer layer;
The absence of a local ventilation over the contour of the window block to the wall to the wall;
Resistance to operational loads;
Durability in accordance with the calculated service life of the window block, but not lower than the requirements of this standard.
Depending on the installation site, wall opening and operating conditions, the mounting seams of the connections of the window and door blocks can have different execution and the number of layers, and the rule must be respected: from the inside it is more denser than outside.
Materials used in the manufacture of mounting seams of nodes of the junction of window and door blocks should ensure that they are replaced during operation after the durability specified in this standard. The use of irremiable materials is allowed subject to confirmation of their durability for the entire period specified in the contract.
5.1.3 The design of the mounting seam includes three or four layers having a different functional purpose:
The main central layer is the provision of heat, sound insulation;
Outer sealing layer - ensuring the diffusion of moisture from the assembly seam and protection against atmospheric influences (rain moisture, ultraviolet radiation, wind);
The inner layer of sealing is to ensure vapor barrier and protection of the insulation layer from diffuse vapor moisture from the inside of the room.
When installing window structures in the outer walls that are erected using wet processes (stone masonry, monolithic concrete), it is necessary to protect the insulation layer from the migration of the technological moisture from the adjacent wall by installing an additional layer:
The additional layer is a water and vaporizolation layer between the middle layer of the seam and the surface of the opening, which can be arranged to prevent moisture penetration or steam from the wall material.
The deformations of the window (door) block arising from the temperature difference (shear and stretching force - compression) should be perceived by any single layer of the assembly seam or by collaborating materials of two or three layers.
The choice of a constructive solution of the nodes of the window (door-door) block to the outer wall monitoring is carried out at the stage of developing architectural and design solutions, taking into account the current loads and is confirmed by the corresponding calculations.
The application of the constructive principle of the installation seam device other than the above mentioned above is allowed under the condition of the appropriate justification in the form of calculations, inventory or laboratory tests.
The variants of the installation device are shown in Figure 2 (see options A and B).
I is an external waterproofing vapor-permeable layer;
II - central heat, sound insulation layer;
Iii - internal vaporizolation layer;
IV - Additional water and vaporizolation layer
Figure 2 - Option of the device of the mounting seam
5.1.4 The design solutions of the mounting seams should be developed taking into account the material of the exterior walls and geometry of window openings, as well as special technological requirements for window blocks according to GOST 23166. Examples of constructive solutions of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to the wall openings are given in Appendix B.
5.1.5 Installation seams should be resistant to various operational effects and loads: atmospheric factors, temperature-humidifiers from
premises, power (temperature, shrinkage, etc.) deformations, wind and other loads (in accordance with the required class).
Requirements for thermal indicators and deformation stability of mounting seams must comply with Table 1 values \u200b\u200band are installed in the design and working documentation.
5.1.6 Materials for the installation of installation seams are selected based on power operational impacts.
5.1.7 The heat engineering characteristics of the mounting seam should provide the temperature values \u200b\u200bon the inner surface at least the temperature of the dew point at the specified values \u200b\u200bof the internal microclimate (depending on the purpose of the room) according to GOST 30494 and the outer air for the temperature conditions of the most cold five days of a particular region.
5.1.8 The indicators of air, waterproof and sound insulation of the seam should not be lower than the corresponding indicators for the window block.
Note - the necessary levels of sound insulation are provided by the construction of the adjoining assembly, which includes a mounting seam. These characteristics of the installation seams are not regulated by the requirements of this Standard, and ensured compliance with the requirements of GOST 27296.
5.1.9 General constructive solution of the adjoining assembly (including installation seams, elements of additional atmospheric protection, dissection finish, as well as all other elements that ensure the conjugation of the window block with the opening in the finished form) should exclude the possibility of cold air infiltration through mounting seams in winter time (through purge).
5.1.10 The outer sealing layer (see position 2, Figure 1) may have an additional atmospheric asset in the form of special profile elements, rainy nachets, lining, etc.
On the inside, the mounting seams are closed with a plastering layer or details of the facing of window slopes and the windowsill.
At the bottom of the window opening, protection against atmospheric influences is additionally provided with a sampling (see position 5, Figure 1), additional profile elements, etc.
5.1.11 The durability of the mounting seams should be at least 20 conditional years of operation.
5.1.12 General requirements for assembly seam materials - in accordance with Appendix A.
5.2 Size Requirements
5.2.1 The minimum dimensions of the mounting gaps for window blocks of various designs are taken in accordance with Table 2, Figure 3, as well as from the condition of providing the possibility of free temperature expansion of the window block without the occurrence of flexural deformations of profile elements.
The design dimensions of the mounting gaps in relation to the climatic conditions of the construction area are recommended to additionally confirm the calculation of a possible temperature change in the size of the window block in the direction perpendicular to the designer seam (Appendix B).
The value of the assembly gap for the structures of the belt glazing exceeding 6 m, and glazing facades are taken on the basis of technical calculations (manufacturer's recommendations of the profile system).
Figure 3 - Mounting gap location
Seam mounting nodes of window blocks
to wall openings.
General technical conditions
GOST 30971-2012
Interstate standard
Seams mounting nodes adjoining window blocks to wall openings
General technical conditions
Erection To Joints of Window Assemblies Adjointed to Wall OpeningsGeneral Specifications
ISS 91.060.50
Date of introduction 2014-01-01
Preface
Objectives, basic principles and the main order of work on interstate standardization are established "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions" and "interstate standardization system. Standards of interstate, rules and recommendations on interstate standardization. Development, adoption, applications, updates and cancellations"
Information about standard
1 Developed by the Limited Liability Company "Interregional Institute of Windows" (NUPC "Interregional Institute of Windows") with the participation of the institution "Research Institute of Construction Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences" (Niizf Raasn), State Unitary Enterprise "Research Institute Moscow construction "(GUP" Nimosstroy ")
2 Submitted by the Technical Committee on Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Registration and Assessment of Conformity in Construction (MNTKS) (Protocol dated 14.06.2012 N 40)
| Short name of the country on MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 | Country code according to MK (ISO 3166) 004-97 | Abbreviated name of the State Management Authority |
| Azerbaijan | Az. | Gosstroy |
| Armenia | AM. | Ministry of Urban Planning |
| Kyrgyzstan | KG. | Gosstroy |
| Russia | Ru | Ministry of Regional Development |
| Tajikistan | TJ. | The Agency for Construction and Architecture under the Government |
| Uzbekistan | Yz. | State Architectstroy |
| Ukraine | UA. | Ministry of Regional Development of Ukraine |
4 by the order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 27, 2012 No. 1983-ST Interesting Standard GOST 30971-2012 was introduced as a national standard of the Russian Federation from January 1, 2014
Information on the changes to this standard is published in the annual information indicator "National Standards", and the text of the amendments and amendments are in the monthly information indicator "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or the cancellation of this Standard, the appropriate notification will be published in the National Standards Monthly Information Index. Relevant information, notification and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on the Internet
Introduction
This standard is intended for use in the production of work on filling mounting gaps between the surface of the wall opening and the planes of the window (door) block, as well as when designing nodes of the window and door blocks.
This standard was developed on the basis of technical analysis of many years of operation of window (door) blocks in various climatic conditions on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
This standard is aimed at ensuring the improvement of the comfort of residence, an increase in durability and energy efficiency in construction in terms of increasing the requirements for the heat-protective characteristics of nodes of the window (door) blocks.
The requirements of this standard are intended to be applied by organizations carrying out activities in the field of construction and design, regardless of the forms of ownership and state affiliation.
1 area of \u200b\u200buse
This standard applies to the mounting seams in the nodes of the window blocks of the window blocks (including balcony) and translucent structures to the openings of the outer walls of heated buildings.
This standard is used in the development of design and technological documentation for the production of installation work with new construction and reconstruction (including the replacement of window structures in the exploited rooms).
The requirements of this standard can be applied in the design and device of nodes of adjoining exterior doors, gates, stained glass structures and tape glazing.
This standard does not apply to all types of mounted facade structures, winter gardens and translucent roofs, as well as on the attic window blocks, on the window blocks of special purposes in terms of additional fire safety requirements, protection against hacking.
2 Regulatory references
This standard uses regulatory references to the following interstate standards:
3.10 sill: Detail of the lower part of the internal frame of the window opening: the board, profile or stove, stacked at the level of the lower bar of the window box and made of wood, PVC, stone, metal, reinforced concrete.
3.11 operating degree of compression tape: The ratio of the width of the tape after installation in the mounting seam to the maximum value of its expansion, which provides the manufacturer's performance (parameters).
3.12 layer of assembly seam: The component of the assembly seam that performs certain functions and meets the specified requirements.
3.13 a knot of the window adjoining (balcony) block to the wall of the way: A constructive system that ensures the conjugation of the wall opening (including parts of the outer and inner slopes) with a box of a window (balcony) unit, which includes a mounting seam, a windowsill, a tide, and facing and fastening items.
1 - central layer; 2 - outer layer of sealing; 3 - inner sealing layer; 4 - additional sealing layer; 5 - Sweat; 6 - Window sill
Figure 1 - Diagram of installation of the window block in the opening of the outer wall of the building
3.14 operational power impact on the installation seam: The impact on the installation seam arising from the deformations of the wall opening and the box of the window block due to the change in the temperature and wind load during operation.
3.15 operational conditions: Temperature and humidity characteristics of internal microclimate, construction region and installation seam.
4 Classification
4.1 Classes of mounting seams
Depending on the main requirements of operation, mounting seams are divided into classes according to Table 1.
Table 1
Classification of mounting seams for operational characteristics
| Characteristic | Value for classes for each indicator | ||
| BUT | B. | IN | |
| Relative humidity in the room, less than which there is no condensate loss on the inner surface of the mounting seam,% | 55 | 45 | 30 |
| Deformation stability in cycles with permissible deformation, not less | 20 | ||
| The value of permissible deformation,% | Over 15.0. | From 11.0 to 14.9 | From 8.0 to 10.9 |
| Notes 1 The value of the relative humidity of indoor indoors, less than which there is no condensate loss on the inner surface of the mounting seam, is determined for the temperature conditions of the most cold five days of the construction region and the conditions of the internal microclimate in the room according to its intended purpose. The determination of the value is carried out by the estimated method according to the procedure in accordance with the Annex of the AM or in the conduct of a personnel examination according to the procedure in accordance with the Annex E. 2 The value of the permissible deformation of the mounting seam is taken by the worst indicator of the materials of the outer, central and internal layers and are determined as a percentage. 3 The value of the permissible deformation of the mounting seam is defined as the ratio of the value of the greatest possible operational change in the size of the mounting seam without its destruction or reducing the specified characteristics to the initial value of this size. 4 The required classes of mounting seams are installed in the working documentation for nodes of adjoining window blocks to wall openings. |
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4.2 Legend
4.2.1 The conditional designation of the assembly seam should include the letter index "Shm" - seam mounting, digital designations of classes in terms of relative humidity, water permeability, air permeability, the value of the permissible deformation and the designation of this standard.
An example of a conditional designation of the seam of installation with classes in terms of relative humidity - B, the values \u200b\u200bof permissible deformation - A, according to GOST 30971-2012:
Shm in GOST 30971-2012
Note - In the documentation for installation seams (contract, contract, etc.), it is recommended to indicate the characteristics of the seams on other classified parameters, as well as technical information on the coordination of the manufacturer with the consumer (including the specific values \u200b\u200bof the technical characteristics of the mounting seams and materials used for their devices confirmed by test results). If the documentation for assembly seams, the class is not designated, then it must be at least class B.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 General
5.1.1 Installation seams of nodes of the adjoining window and door blocks are manufactured in accordance with the requirements of this standard for design and technological documentation approved in the prescribed manner.
5.1.2 When developing structural installation seams, a complex of materials operating jointly and ensuring the following requirements should be used:
- tightness (impermeability) when exposed to atmospheric precipitation and wind in accordance with existing regulatory documents (ND); determined by the outer layer;
- the absence of a local ventilation over the contour of the window block to the wall to the wall;
- resistance to operational loads;
- durability in accordance with the calculated service life of the window block, but not lower than the requirements of this standard.
Depending on the installation site, wall opening and operating conditions, the mounting seams of the connections of the window and door blocks can have different execution and the number of layers, and the rule must be respected: from the inside it is more denser than outside.
Materials used in the manufacture of mounting seams of nodes of the junction of window and door blocks should ensure that they are replaced during operation after the durability specified in this standard. The use of irremiable materials is allowed subject to confirmation of their durability for the entire period specified in the contract.
5.1.3 The design of the mounting seam includes three or four layers having a different functional purpose:
- the main central layer is the provision of heat, sound insulation: - the outer layer of sealing - ensuring the diffusion of moisture from the assembly seam and protection against atmospheric influences (rain moisture, ultraviolet radiation, wind);
- the inner layer of sealing is to ensure vapor barrier and protection of the insulation layer from diffuse vapor moisture from the inside of the room.
When installing window structures in the outer walls that are erected using wet processes (stone masonry, monolithic concrete), it is necessary to protect the insulation layer from the migration of the technological moisture from the adjacent wall by installing an additional layer:
- the extra layer is a water and vapor barrier layer between the middle layer of the seam and the surface of the opening, which can be arranged to prevent moisture penetration or steam from the material of the wall.
The deformations of the window (door) block arising from the temperature difference (shear and stretching force - compression) should be perceived by any single layer of the assembly seam or by collaborating materials of two or three layers.
The choice of a constructive solution of the nodes of the window (door-door) block to the outer wall monitoring is carried out at the stage of developing architectural and design solutions, taking into account the current loads and is confirmed by the corresponding calculations.
The application of the constructive principle of the installation seam device other than the above mentioned above is allowed under the condition of the appropriate justification in the form of calculations, inventory or laboratory tests.
The variants of the installation device are shown in Figure 2 (see options A and B).
I is an external waterproofing vapor-permeable layer;
II - central heat, sound insulation layer;
Iii - internal vaporizolation layer;
IV - an additional water and vapor insulation layer
Figure 2 - Option of the device of the mounting seam
5.1.4 The design solutions of mounting seams should be developed taking into account the material of the exterior walls and geometry of window openings, as well as special technological requirements for window blocks of software. Examples of constructive solutions of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to the wall openings are given in Appendix B.
5.1.5 Installation seams should be resistant to various operational effects and loads: atmospheric factors, temperature-humidifiers from the room, power (temperature, shrinkage, etc.) deformations, wind and other loads (in accordance with the required class).
Requirements for thermal indicators and deformation stability of mounting seams must comply with Table 1 values \u200b\u200band are installed in the design and working documentation.
5.1.6 Materials for the installation of installation seams are selected based on power operational impacts.
5.1.7 Heat engineering characteristics of the mounting seam should provide temperature values \u200b\u200bon the inner surface not lower than the temperature of the dew point at specified values \u200b\u200bof the internal microclimate (depending on the purpose of the room) according to and the outer air for the temperature conditions of the most cold five days of a particular region.
5.1.8 The indicators of air, waterproof and sound insulation of the seam should not be lower than the corresponding indicators for the window block.
Note - the necessary levels of sound insulation are provided by the construction of the adjoining assembly, which includes a mounting seam. These characteristics of the installation seams are not regulated by the requirements of this Standard, but are ensured by compliance with the requirements.
5.1.9 General constructive solution of the adjoining assembly (including installation seams, elements of additional atmosphere, the decoration finish, as well as all other elements that ensure the conjugation of the window block with the opening in the finished form) should exclude the possibility of cold air infiltration through mounting seams in winter time (through purge).
5.1.10 Outer layer of sealing (see position 2 Figure 1) may have an additional atmosphere in the form of special profile elements, rainy definitions, lining, etc.
On the inside, the mounting seams are closed with a plastering layer or details of the facing of window slopes and the windowsill.
At the bottom of the window opening, the protection against atmospheric influences is additionally provided with a sampling (see position 5 , Figure 1), additional profile elements, etc.
5.1.11 The durability of the mounting seams should be at least 20 conditional years of operation.
5.1.12 General requirements for assembly seam materials - in accordance with Appendix A.
5.2 Size Requirements
5.2.1 The minimum dimensions of the mounting gaps for window blocks of various designs are taken in accordance with Table 2, Figure 3, as well as from the condition of providing the possibility of free temperature expansion of the window block without the occurrence of flexural deformations of profile elements.
Figure 3 - Mounting gap location
table 2
Sizes of mounting clearance
| Material of profile elements | Overall size of the window block, mm | Installation clearance size, mm | |
| a. | b. | ||
| 1 tree | over 2000. | 10-45 | 5-20 |
| 2 aluminum alloys | also | 15-60 | 5-20 |
| 3 PVC white | ≤2000 | 20-60 | 10-20 |
| 4 PVC white | 2000-3500 | 25-60 | 10-20 |
| 5 PVC, painted in mass | ≤2000 | 15-65 | 10-20 |
| 6 PVC, painted in mass | 2000-3500 | 15-60 | 15-20 |
The design dimensions of the mounting gaps in relation to the climatic conditions of the construction area are recommended to additionally confirm the calculation of a possible temperature change in the size of the window block in the direction perpendicular to the designer seam (Appendix B).
The value of the assembly gap for the structures of the belt glazing exceeding 6 m, and glazing facades are taken on the basis of technical calculations (manufacturer's recommendations of the profile system).
The maximum size of the mounting gap is determined based on the characteristics of the material of the central layer, the recommended size is not more than 60 mm.
5.2.2 Sizes and configuration of window openings must comply with the work of the project documentation.
5.2.3 The deviation from the vertical and horizontal side of the side of the opening should not exceed 4.0 mm per 1 m. Checks are carried out in three ways:
- construction level, while measuring the width and height spend at least three times;
- measuring the diagonals of the opening;
- laser plane builder.
5.2.4 When determining the mounting gaps, it is necessary to take into account the limit deviation from the size of the boxes of the window block. Deviations from vertical and horizontally mounted window blocks should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m length, but not more than 3 mm on the height of the product. Installation of window blocks in openings having deviations of geometric dimensions exceeding the specified in 5.2.3 is not allowed.
5.3 Requirements for the preparation of mounting clearance surfaces
5.3.1 The edges and surface of the openings should not have rinse, shells, influx of the solution and other damage height (depth) more than 10 mm.
Defective places should be covered with waterproof compositions.
Empty in the slopes of opening of walls (for example, cavities at the joints of the facing and main layers of brick masonry in the joints of the jumpers and masonry joints; the rods formed by removing the boxes when replacing window blocks, etc.) should be filling out inserts from rigid foampelters, antiseptic wood or plastering mixtures. When using mineral wool insulation, it is recommended to ensure protection against saturation of moisture. When installing window blocks in the fourth openings, the recommended approach for a quarter of the window block should be at least 10 mm.
Surfaces having oil pollution should be degreased. Ruffy, sprinkled areas of the surfaces should be hardened (treated with binding compositions or special film materials).
5.3.2 Before installing the insulation materials of the surface openings and structures, the surface of the window openings and structures should be cleaned of dust, dirt and oil spots, and in winter conditions - from snow, ice, and then with the subsequent heating of the surface.
5.3.3 The sequence of technological operations necessary to perform the mounting seam is developed in the project manufacturing project in the form of technological maps. Technological maps should be developed taking into account the general climatic features of the construction area, as well as the expected season of the year for installation work.
The development of a technological map or regulations should be carried out taking into account the operations necessary to prepare the surfaces of the wall opening, as well as taking into account the requirements established in the Appendix G.
5.4 Security Requirements
5.4.1 In the work of work on the installation of installation seams, as well as the storage and processing of waste of insulation and other materials, the requirements of construction standards and safety regulations in construction, fire safety rules in the production of construction and safety, sanitary standards and safety standards should be respected , including labor safety standards (SSBT). All technological operations and production processes should be developed for safety instructions (including operations related to the exploitation of electrical equipment and leads at height).
5.4.2 Persons employed on installation should be provided with workwear and personal protective equipment on ND.
5.4.3 Persons engaged in the installation when taking a job, and also periodically must undergo a medical examination in accordance with the applicable rules of health authorities, safety instructions and be trained in safe operation.
5.4.4 On all installation operations (including loading and unloading and transport) must be developed and approved in the prescribed manual for the safety instructions.
5.5 Environmental Protection Requirements
5.5.1 All installation seam materials must be environmentally friendly. In the processes of transportation, storage and operation, these materials should not be separated into the surrounding medium toxic substances in concentrations exceeding the permissible norms.
5.5.2 The utilization of waste arising during installation should be carried out by their industrial processing in accordance with the terms of the current ND and legal instruments.
6 Rules acceptance
6.1 Acceptance of finished mounting seams are carried out on construction sites (or house-building enterprises). Acceptance is subject to window openings with installed window blocks and completed mounting seams made on the same technology.
6.2 Acceptance of mounting seams are carried out in stages:
- input control of materials used;
- monitoring the preparation of window openings and window blocks;
- monitoring compliance with the requirements for installing window blocks;
- production operational control;
- acceptance tests upon completion of work;
- qualifying and periodic laboratory tests of materials and assembly seams conducted by test centers (laboratories).
The results of all types of control (tests) are recorded in the relevant accounting magazines.
The completion of the installation on the installation of the seams is drawn up with an act for hidden work and the act of their acceptance.
6.3 Input control of materials and products when they arrive and storage are carried out in accordance with the requirements of ND on these materials and products. At the same time, they check sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, the expiration date, marking of products (containers), certificates of conformity (if any), a document confirming the quality of the party to the materials used, containing the results of acceptance and periodic tests in the scope of technical indicators, in accordance with Annex A, as well as the fulfillment of the conditions established in the supply contracts.
6.4 Control of the preparation of window openings and installation of window blocks is carried out according to the technological documentation for the production of installation work, taking into account the requirements of the current project documentation and this standard.
When compiling an act of acceptance of the front of the work check:
- preparation of surface opening surfaces;
- dimensions (limit deviations) of window openings;
- deviations from the size of mounting gaps;
- compliance of installation gaps with the requirements of working documentation (RD);
- other requirements established in RD and technological documentation.
If the quality of the openings does not correspond to at least one of the above requirements, then the opening cannot be accepted on the act of acceptance, and the act with the list of flaws that must be eliminated.
6.5 When drawing up an act of installation of fasteners check:
- type and size of fasteners;
- compliance with the location of fixing elements with the requirements of the RD;
- compliance of the magnitude of the plug (screwing) and landing the dowels dimensions specified in the RD.
6.6 When drawing up an act of quality on filling mounting gaps check:
- the depth of filling, the size of the mounting seam;
- lack of emptiness, cracks, detachalies;
- size of shells (if available).
6.7 In drawing up an act of quality of application of the outer and internal layers of the assembly seam, check:
- compliance with the installation of insulation materials with the requirements of the RD;
- the thickness of the layer and the width of the contact strip sealant with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design.
6.8 Operational control of the quality of the installation seams is carried out immediately after the completion of the work on sealing prior to the start of finishing internal slopes, while:
- window openings for conducting control measurements are chosen arbitrarily;
- to assess the quality of sealing, methods of non-destructive testing by the criterion of continuity and homogeneity of the sealing circuit along the perimeter of the window opening are used;
- to estimate the above parameters, the remote temperature measurement method is used by the contactless method on the inner and outer surfaces of the seam in accordance with the control dimension scheme shown in Figure 5, using a portable pyrometer. The instruments used for measurements must pass the primary calibration of 1200-86.
1 - the overall circuit of the window block; 2 - Mounting seam; 3 - control points around the perimeter of the window opening for measuring temperatures on the inner surface of the seam; t.ST. - temperature of the inner surface of the wall; t N.St. - temperature of the outer surface of the wall; t.Sh. - temperature of the inner surface of the seam; t N.Sh. - temperature of the outer surface of the seam; H. - distance from the plane of the window opening to the point of measurement
Figure 5 * - Control measurement diagram for assessing the quality of the mounting seam
________________
* The numbering of the pattern corresponds to the original. - Measurement results are fixed in a special application to an acceptance act for hidden work.
6.9 Control of the heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam is carried out according to the method in accordance with the application D.
6.10 Classification and periodic laboratory tests of installation seams are carried out at the request of the design, construction and other organizations to confirm the classification characteristics and operational indicators of installation seams in accordance with Appendix A.
It is allowed to determine the characteristics of the mounting seams by the calculated methods on ND approved in the prescribed manner.
7 Test Methods
7.1 Material testing methods for input quality control are installed in technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of ND on these materials and the requirements of this standard.
7.1.1 Determination of conditional strength and relative elongation in the break of sealants, diffusion and vapor insulation tapes are determined according to GOST 21751.
7.1.2 Determination of tensile strength and relative elongation when a foam seal break
7.1.2.1 Sample for testing for testing is a prism of a cured foam with dimensions in cross section 50x50 mm and a thickness of 30 mm, glued between two rigid plates prepared as follows.
The cylinder with foam is pre-shaken 20-30 times, a foam is released from a cylinder into shape of 50 mM wide, 50 mm high and 300 mm long, which from the inside is lined with anti-adhesive paper (surface treatment with anti-adhesion compositions is allowed). Form surfaces are pre-moisturized.
After curing the surplus of foam, protruding the dimensions of the shape, cut off. From the received board, five prisms of the foam of the required size are cut.
Samples are glued to metallic plates with a size of 70x50 mm. The thickness of the plates are chosen from the condition that they should not be deformed at an effort that occurs when the sample is destructed. Plates can be concrete, metal, wooden or from a different material. Adhesive should not destroy the structure of the foam and ensure the strength of the adhesion of the foam with plates is higher than the strength of the foam itself during the destruction.
7.1.2.2 Testing testing is carried out on a discontinuous machine according to GOST 21751 at a speed of 10 mm / min. The sample with rigid plates is fixed in the clips of the discontinuous machine.
The stretching force is applied perpendicular to the surface of the sample in the direction that simulates the direction of power loads on the material under conditions of use. An example of fastening the samples in the discontinuous machine is shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6 - Example of fastening the sample in the discontinuous machine when determining the tensile strength of the foam seal
7.1.2.3 Rating Results
Tensile strength ẟ p, MPa, calculated by the formula
ẟ p \u003d f p / s, (1)
where f p is the maximum strength when tensile, H; S- the cross-sectional area, mm 2.
For the result of the test, the average temperature of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, is taken, the discrepancy between which does not exceed 10%.
ε= l 1./l 0.*100, (2)
where l 0. - the initial height of the sample, mm;
l 1. - The height of the sample at the time of the gap, mm.
For the result of the test, the average-generation value of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, is taken, while the average value should not differ from any one used by the calculation by more than 20%.
7.1.3 The strength of the clutch of sealants with materials of wall openings and window structures is determined by the method B.
7.1.4 Squeezing resistance (adhesive strength) of film and belt materials are determined by software.
7.1.5 Determination of the adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the materials of wall openings and window structures
7.1.5.1 Test Samples
The tensile strength is determined on samples - fragments of seams, in which the seam of the foam of 50x50x30 mm is located between two substrates. Samples are prepared by the method of sending. As substrates, the material is used for which the tensile strength of the foam is determined: PVC, metal, concrete, painted wood, etc. The size of the substrate must be 70x50 mm, and the thickness is 3-20 mm depending on the type of material.
For the manufacture of samples prepare the shape of wood-chip or other rigid material with the following dimensions: width 70 mm, height 70 mm and length 300 mm, which from the inside is lined with paper. The substrates are laid in a form of length so that between the 1st and 2nd, 3rd and 4th and so on to five samples, the distance was 30 mm, the distance should be set by wooden liners with a size of 10x30x70 mm wrapped with anti-adhesion paper. Foam prepared in accordance with 7.1.2.1, fill the space between the liners approximately 60% of the cylinder with an adapter and 100% of the cylinder with a gun. After curing, the samples are removed from the mold and purified from excess foam. Samples for testing should be five.
7.1.5.2 Testing - according to 7.1.2.2.
7.1.5.3 Rating Results
The adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the material of the substrate is calculated in accordance with 7.1.2.3. The nature of the destruction of the samples is also recorded: adhesion or cohesion.
7.1.6 The water absorption of the foam insuppier in volume during surface exposure of water is determined by subsection 10.4.
7.1.7 Parry permeability resistance and parry permeability coefficient of assembly seam - software.
7.1.8 Heat engineering indicators of materials of the assembly seam - by.
7.2 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.2.1 The deformation stability of the mounting seam is determined by cyclic tests of stretching compression with the value of the permissible deformation corresponding to the class of operational characteristics at which the integrity of the seam is preserved.
7.2.2 Test Samples
The test is carried out on samples - fragments of seams manufactured by 7.1.5.1. As substrates in the manufacture of samples, substrates with dimensions of 100x50 mm can also be used, respectively, the width of the samples should be changed. The number of test samples is at least three.
7.2.3 Testing
For testing, a low-cycle fatigue machine of the MUM-3-100 type is used (see Figure 7) or any testing machine that ensures the alternate deformation of samples with specified deformation values \u200b\u200band speed. The test rate must be 5-10 mm / min. The test is carried out at a temperature (20 ± 3) ° C.
Figure 7 - low-cycle fatigue machine when testing a foam insulation for deformation stability
The value of stretching-compression deformation is set in the test program corresponding to a specific class of mounting seam, but not less than 8%. The amplitude of deformation of stretching compression δ l., mm, calculated by the formula
Δ l.=ε* h./100, (3)
where ε is a given deformation,%;
h. - sample thickness, mm;
Δ l. - stretching amplitude - compression, mm;
At least 20 cycles of stretching squeezing samples are carried out.
7.2.4 Rating Results
After the completion of cyclic tests, the samples are subjected to visual inspection. The test result is recognized as satisfactory if each sample does not have through bundles, detachments from substrates and destruction.
7.3 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
7.3.1 An assessment of frost resistance is determined by flexibility on a bar with a radius of rounding 25 mm at a temperature of minus 20 ° C for seams of normal design and minus 40 ° C - for seams of frost-resistant execution.
7.3.2 The heat resistance estimate is determined by software.
7.4 Preparation of window opening surfaces are evaluated visually.
7.5 The geometric dimensions of the mounting gaps, wall openings, mounted window structures and the dimensions of the surfaces of the surfaces are measured by the metal measuring tape measure, the metal line according to GOST 427, the caliper in accordance with GOST 166 using methods of software and. It is allowed to use other measuring instruments, attorneys (calibrated) in the prescribed manner, with an error defined in regulatory documents.
When measuring deviations from the sheer line (vertical) and horizontal levels of surface openings and structures, use the rules of measurements by software.
7.6 The appearance and quality of the device of the mounting seam layers are estimated visually with illumination of at least 300 lux at a distance of 400-600 mm.
The thickness of the sealant layer and the width of the contact band with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design are verified in the indicated in the way.
7.7 The thickness of the sealant used as an outdoor (internal) layer of the mounting seam is measured after curing the sealant. In the layer of sealant make a P-shaped section, the carved part of the sealant is fused out.
The designated p-shaped sealant section is separated from a foam base and using a caliper measured the thickness of the most narrow part of the sealant film.
To control the degree of compression K ∞.,% self-sewing tape (psul) It is necessary to select a piece of tape, measure the reduced size in thickness H 0., width of the seam at the tape selection H 1., calculate the degree of compression by the formula
K ∞.=(H 1. - H 0) / H 0. (4)
7.8 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.8.1 The heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam are determined by the estimated method in accordance with the Annex D, in the laboratory conditions, either by the method of methods in accordance with the Annex E.
The water permeability of the sealants of the outer layer is determined by software.
7.8.2 The air permeability of the mounting seams is determined in the laboratory according to the method specified in. Determination of air permeability of the mounting seams in full-scale conditions is recommended to carry out with the control of the overall air permeability of the building or a separate room according to GOST 31167 (Appendix and).
When testing in the laboratory conditions, the test chamber should identify the design of the wall opening, and the sample of the window block is the window block shown in the design documentation for the underlining seam (adjoining node). The design and technology of the installation seam device is taken according to the constructive solution of the adjunct node installed in the project documentation.
7.8.3 Soundproofing of mounting seams are determined by software.
The requirements for the test chamber are similar to those specified in 7.8.2, the following conditions must be performed: the box of the window block is filled with the panel, carefully insulating the gaps in connecting the box and panel, the structural solution of the panel and the insulation of the gaps during sound insulation tests should provide a compatible sound insulation of at least 45 DBA, test conditions specify in the task (direction) for testing.
7.8.4 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
7.8.5 Methods for testing indicators used for installation seams are installed in ND to these materials and existing standards.
7.8.6 Durability (service life) of the assembly seam is allowed to determine as the minimum durability of materials included in the exterior central or inner layer of the assembly seam, are determined by methods agreed and approved in the prescribed manner.
7.8.7 The compatibility of the mounting seam materials is confirmed by comparison of the values \u200b\u200bof the hydrogen indicator of the pH of contacting materials, with the contact of materials having a sour or alkaline reaction, is not allowed.
8 Manufacturer's warranty
The manufacturer of works guarantees the compliance of the installation seams with the requirements of this standard, subject to the compliance with the requirements of this standard and the compliance of operational loads on the installation seams by the calculated values \u200b\u200bestablished in the RD.
The warranty period of the mounting seam is established in the contract between the manufacturer of works and the customer, but at least five years from the date of signing the acceptance act on the construction site or from the date of shipment of the factory manufacturing panel with the installed window block.
Appendix A (mandatory).
General requirements for assembly seam
A.1.1 Materials used in the designs of mounting seams must comply with the requirements of standards, technical conditions and terms of contracts for the supply. The use of materials with an expired expiration date is allowed only under the condition of positive results of repeated (additional) tests for their compliance with the established requirements.
A.1.2 Materials used in the designs of installation seams must have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion in accordance with the legislation of the state.
A.1.3 Materials used for installation seams must have operating use in the range from minus 10 ° C to plus 40 ° C.
A.1.4 The assembly node must be designed so that the durability of materials used for the installation seams was not less than 20 years per 5.1.9.
A.1.5 Materials used for the device of various layers of the mounting seam must be compatible with each other, as well as with wall opening materials, window box and fasteners.
A.1.6 The possibility of applying a combination of materials should be checked by calculating the humidity of the assembly seam with the conditions of operation of the premises. Determining criteria in accordance with the current NDs are:
- inadmissibility of moisture accumulation in the installation seam for the annual period of operation;
- restriction of moisture accumulation in the heat insulating layer over the period of operation with negative average monthly outdoor temperatures.
A.1.7 When performing mounting seams with resistance to vapor-permeation of the outer waterproofing layer less than 0.25 m 2 · h · PA / MG and resistance to the vapor-permeation of the internal vapor insulating layer more than 2 m 2 · h · PA / mg Checking the humidity regime by A.1.6 is not required .
A.1.8 Materials for the installation seams should be stored in compliance with the storage conditions specified in the ND on these materials.
A.2 Requirements for the outer layer
A.2.1 The outer layer of the assembly seam must be waterproof at rain effects and a given (calculated) pressure drop between the outer and the inner surfaces of the mounting seam.
The water permeability limit of the mounting seam should be at least 300 pa.
A.2.2 The materials of the outer layer should not prevent the removal of vapor moisture from the central seam layer.
The value of the resistance to the vapor permeation of the outer layer of the seam should be no more than 0.25 m 2 · h · pa / mg.
A.2.3 The materials of the outer layer of the assembly seam must be resistant to the effects of the following operating temperatures:
- for seams of ordinary execution - from plus 70 ° C to minus 30 ° C;
- for seams of frost-resistant execution - from plus 70 ° C to minus 31 ° C and below.
A.2.4 When performing an outer layer, the vapor-permeable sealant must be provided with the requirements shown in Table A.1.
Table A.1.
Technical requirements for vapor-permeable sealants
The surface of the contact layer of the vapor-permeable sealant with the material of the wall opening and the window unit should be sufficient to ensure the required clutch strength. The width of the contact break - at least 3 mm.
The actual layer thickness must be installed in the RD. The minimum thickness of the layer after the shrinkage should be no less than that the sealant tests for durability were carried out. In the absence of data on the thickness of the samples on the durability tests, it must be taken equal to 3 mm. The maximum layer thickness should be no more that the corresponding A.2.2 values \u200b\u200bof resistance to vapor permeation were obtained.
The maximum allowable radius of the rounding layer of sealant in the areas of the "Mounting foam / window block" and "Mounting foam / wall / wall" must be set in the manufacturer's ND on the sealant. The sealant layer is measured by 7.7.
The surface of the sealant should not have cracks, the sealant layer should not smell or peel from the mounting seam materials.
A.2.5 When performing the outer layer, the following requirements must be provided with self-seizable sealing ribbons:
- the value of the vapor permeability coefficient in the state of work compression is not less than 0.14 mg / (m · h · par);
- water absorption of the surface of self-seeping sealing tapes in volume when the tape is operating in 12 hours should not exceed 4%;
- self-accepted sealing tapes must overlap the installation gap in a state close to the optimal compression degree, which should be at least 25% of their complete expansion. Resistance to compression of sealing tapes at 50% deformation should be at least 2.5 kPa;
- the resistance to peeling sealing and diffusion tapes from a concrete base should be at least 0.3 kN / m (kgf / cm).
In cases of applying tapes for compaction of assembly gaps of building structures designed for operation with elevated winds (for example, in high-rise construction) and other loads, sealing tapes should be used complete with protective overhead profiles (naschelniki).
A.2.6 When used in the outer layer of the installation seam of plaster solutions, it is necessary to provide appropriate adhesion with the materials of the wall and the design of the window block, in the places of the plastering solution to PVC profile requires sealing.
Application of a plaster layer, putty or coloring compositions, worsening operational indicators of mounting seams, is not allowed on vapor-permeable material of the outer layer.
A.3 Requirements for the central layer
A.3.1 The central layer should provide the required heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam.
A.3.2 As the materials of the central layer use, as a rule, polyurethane foams. The optimal width of the foam sealer layer is 15-60 mm, the depth is no less thickness of the translucent design box. Production of work using polyurethane foam is allowed at a temperature not lower than minus 10 ° C. The technical characteristics for the foam insulation of this layer are shown in Table A.2.
Table A.2.
Specifications of foam insulation
| Name of the indicator | unit of measurement | The value of the indicator |
| 1 tensile strength, not less than * | MPa | 0,08 |
| 2 relative extension at break, not less | % | 8 |
| 3 thermal conductivity coefficient in dry state, not more than * | W / (m · С) | 0,040 |
| 4 moisture absorption in terms of the surface exposure of moisture in 24 hours, not more than * | % | 2,5 |
| 5 The strength of the clutch with the materials of wall openings and window structures, not less | MPa | 0,05 |
| 6 Time of complete curing, no more | c. | 24 |
| 7 density, not less | kg / m 3 | 20 |
| Note - a sign * marked reference indicators. | ||
Other seals (for example, thermolene, jute harnesses, polyethylene tubes or tapes installed on the side of the seam) can be used as the medium-sized layer material (for example, providing reliable operation of the mounting seam when installing a cacopate with a material compression ratio of at least 75%.
This should ensure resistance to temperature effects in the entire temperature range for the construction region.
A.3.3 The resistance to the vapor permeation of the central layer of the assembly seam should be in the range of values \u200b\u200bof this indicator for the outer and inner layers.
In the application of profiles of window blocks of more than 80 mm wide and if the width of the assembly gap exceeds the size provided by this standard, more than 1.5 times, the filling of the gap should be carried out in a layer, at intervals between the layers using the technology recommended by the foam insulation manufacturer.
The cut of the excess foam seal is allowed both from the outer and from the inner side under the condition of the shelter of the seal with a solid insulating layer.
A.3.4 In the case of an additional water and vapor barrier layer, to prevent the effect of diffusion moisture from the wall opening of the central layer, insulating tapes are used (as a rule, without aluminum foil), mastic or sealants. The resistance to the vapor permeation resistance of an additional water and vapor barrier layer should not be below this indicator for the inner layer of the seam.
A.3.5 Filling the assembly clearance with thermal insulation materials should be solid in cross section, without emptiness and looseness, breaks, cracks and overflows. The bundles, through gaps, cracks, and also the sinks of more than 6 mm are not allowed.
A.4 Requirements for the inner layer
A.4.1 The inner layer must provide the mounting seam countertility.
The resistance to the vapor-permeation of the inner layer should exceed this indicator for the central layer and have a vapor permeability value of at least 2.0 m 2 · h · v / mg.
A4.2 As the materials of the inner layer, they are mainly self-adhesive tapes and vapor insulation elastic sealants.
A.4.3 Parosolation materials on the internal contour of the assembly clearance must be laid continuously, without skips, breaks and non-fluxed sections.
A.4.4 When performing the inner layer, the following requirements must be provided with vapor insulating elastic sealants:
- conditional strength at the moment of breaking at least 0.1 MPa;
- relative lengthening at the time of breaking on sample blades of at least 200%;
- the surface of the contact of the sealant with the material of the wall opening and the window unit should be sufficient to provide the required adhesion strength. The width of the contact layer must be at least 3 mm;
- the actual layer thickness must be installed in the RD. The minimum layer thickness after the shrinkage should meet the requirements for vapor permeability by A.4.1 and durability of 5.1.11.
In the absence of data on the thickness of samples on tests for durability, it is taken equal to 3 mm.
The layer thickness is measured by 7.7.
The materials of the inner layer are allowed to be applied along the butt cord (tube) from the foamed elastic polyethylene with water absorption in terms of no more than 1.5%, the surface of the sealant should not have cracks, the sealant layer should not be extinguished.
Calculation of the temperature range of the window block
Calculated change in the size of the window box (frame) Δ L., m, in the direction perpendicular to the designer seam, is determined by the formula (B.1):
Δ L. = (k.* Δt * l.) * K PR (B.1)
where l. - the size of the element of the window box in the direction perpendicular to the designed seam, m;
k. - coefficient of temperature expansion of the window of the window frame profile, received for:
- wood pine, spruce / oak - 5/8 (x10 -6) ° C -1;
- steel - 10 (x10 -6) ° C -1;
- fiberglass - 12 (x10 -6) ° C -1;
- aluminum - 23 (x10 -6) ° C -1;
- PVC profiles reinforced with steel liner, white / non-ferrous - 40/50 (x10 -6) ° C -1;
ΔT is a temperature interval that causes the highest possible for this climatic area a change in the size of the window frame, determined by the formula (B.2):
ΔT \u003d T MAX - T MIN (B.2)
where T min is the absolute minimum air temperature for this climatic area, determined by the current ND;
t Max - the maximum possible temperature of heating the surface of the box profile (frame) due to the adverse combination of high temperature of the outer air and the directional exposure to solar radiation, as applied to the white surface of the white color is 55 ° C, for a non-color color - 70 ° C.
K PR is a dimensionless correctional coefficient, taking into account the effect of uneven warm-up (cooling) of the box profiles by section, taken for the window blocks of white K OD \u003d 0.4 and the non-color color k pr \u003d 0.5.
Examples of constructive solutions of nodes of adjoining window blocks to wall openings
1 2 - foam insulation; 3 - anchor plate; 4 - vapor insulation sealant
Figure B.1 - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to the opening of a quarter in a wall of a brick using a feed ribbon without finishing internal slopes
1 - vapor-permeable sealant; 2 - frame dowel; 3 - decorative plug; 4 - sealant; 5 - foam insulation; 6 7 - Plastering
Figure B.2A - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to a quarter of a brick wall with a vapor-permeable sealant with an inner discovery finish with a plaster solution
1 - vapor-permeable sealant; 2 - frame dowel; 3 - decorative plug; 4 - sealant; 5 - foam insulation; 6 - vapor insulation sealant; 7 - plastering solution; 8 - insulation
Figure B.2B - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to the impact of a quarter in a brick wall with a displacement inward using a vapor-permeable sealant with an internal discovery finish with a plaster solution
1 - insulating self-insulating vapor-permeable ribbon (psyms) with nachetner from PVC; 2 - foam insulation; 3 - anchor plate; 4 - vapor insulation tape
Figure B.3 - Node of the upper (side) adjoining window block to a quarter to a quarter in a single-layer concrete panel wall using cops
1 - vapor-permeable sealant; 2 - foam insulation; 3 - frame dowel; 4 5 - corner of PVC; 6 - polyethylene film; 7 - plasterboard sheet with color; 8 - Corner from PVC
Figure B.4 - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to a quarter to a quarter in a single-layer concrete panel wall with the use of sealants and trimming of internal slope with moisture-resistant drywall sheet
1 - Sweat; 2 - Socialized lining; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - reference block; 5 - corner of PVC; 6 - a steamproof sealant or vapor barrier tape; 7 - Support bar; 8 - windowsill from PVC; 9 - Plastering
Figure V.5 - Node of the lower adjuncing unit of the window block to a quarter to a one-layer concrete panel wall using a vapor insulation tape
1 - insulating self-seeping vapor permeable tape (psul); 2 - anchor plate; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - a steamproof sealant or vapor barrier tape; 5 - insert from antiseptated lumber; 6
Figure V.6 is a node of the side (upper) adjoining the window block to the imaging in a three-layer concrete panel wall with an effective insulation using cops and vapor barrier tape
1 - ventilated facade (shown conditionally); 2 - Anchor F6x60 (fastening step - 500 mm); 3 - vapor-permeable sealant; 4 - foam insulation; 5 - playproof sealant, 6 - anchor plate; 7 - Dowel with a lock screw
Figure V.7 - Node of the upper (lateral) node of adjacent to the imaging in the wall with a ventilated facade with a facing brick with sealants
1 - Natchelik; 2 - vapor-permeable sealant; 3 - decorative plug; 4 - Construction screw; 5 - silicone sealant; 6 - vapor insulation sealant; 7 - Foam insulation
Figure V.8A - Node of the upper (lateral) node of the adjuncing of the wooden window block to the way in the frame wall
1 - Natchelik; 2 - vapor-permeable sealant; 3 - decorative plug; 4 - Construction screw; 5 - silicone sealant; 6 - vapor insulation sealant; 7 - Foam insulation
Figure V.8B - Node of the upper (lateral) node of the adjuncing node of the wooden window block to the way in the wall of the log and bar
1 - Sweat; 2 - Socialized lining; 3 - foam insulation; 4 - waterproofing tape; 5 - reference block; 6 - silicone sealant; 7 - Construction screw; 8 - anchor plate; 9 - silicone sealant; 10 - vaporizolation tape; 11 - Support bar; 12 - Construction screw; 13 - Antiseptic Barrusok
Figure V.9 - Node of the lower node adjoining the wooden window block to the way in a wooden wall
Appendix M (mandatory).
Rules for fixing window blocks in wall openings
G.1 Installation and Fastening Window Blocks
G.1.1 Selecting the installation site of the window block in the depth of the wall opening is determined according to the project decision. At the same time, the values \u200b\u200bof mounting gaps should be taken into account in accordance with 5.6.1.
G.1.2 Window blocks are set by the level within the limits of permissions allowed and temporarily fixed with installation wedges or in other ways in places of corner connections of boxes and imposses. After installing and temporary fixation, the window block is fixed to the wallpaper with fastening elements (see Figure B.1). Installation wedges are removed in front of the device of the insulating layer of the mounting seam. When the window blocks are installed, the support pads are allowed, which, after attachment, unfold from the mounting position in the working (see Figures B.2 and B.3), the places of their installation are filled with insulating material from the outer and inner side.
Figure G.1 - Fastening the window blocks to the wall
G.1.3 Selection of fasteners and their depth of sealing in the wall are installed in the RD based on the calculation of the supporting capacity of the fastener.
The distance between the point of fixing windows along the circuit of the opening is set on the basis of the technical requirements of the manufacturer of the profile system.
The distance from the inner corner of the box to the fastening element should not exceed 150-180 mm; From the adhesion node to the mounting element - 120-180 mm. Military distances between the fasteners should not exceed the specified in Table G.1:
Table G.1.
Distances between fasteners
G.1.4 For the transmission of loads acting in the plane of the window block, the support (carriers) pads made of polymer materials are used to the building structure with hardness of at least 80 units. By Shore A or impregnated with protective means of solid rocks. The number and location of the support pads are defined in the technological documentation. Recommended shoe length - 100-120 mm. The support pads are installed after attaching the window block to the wall with fastening elements.
An example of the location of the fastening points of the box and support (carrier) pads and fasteners when mounting the window block is shown in Figure 2.
Figure G.2 - Examples of the location of support (carrier) pads and fasteners
Figure G.3 - Examples of the location of support (carrier) pads and fasteners in single-finished window blocks
G.2 Requirements for finishing window openings
G.2.1 The places of adjoining the overhead internal slopes (regardless of their design) to the box of the window block and the mounting seam should be sealed, and measures must be performed, excluding the manifestation of cracks and cracks during the period of operation (for example, sealing sealants or other materials that have sufficient deformation stability).
G.2.2 When installing the window drain in the nodes of the adjoining to the wall and the window block, it is necessary to provide conditions that exclude moisture in the mounting seam, and under the plums should be installed gaskets (quarrels) that reduce the noise effects of raindrops. The sling angle must be at least 100 ° from the vertical plane.
G.2.3 The adjoining of the window sill to the box of the window block should be dense, sealed and resistant to deformation effects. The installation of the window sill is carried out on the support bearing pads, the size and number of which should provide a load in the vertical plane of at least 100 kg. When removing the windowsill, more than 1/3 widths from the wall plane are recommended to install additional brackets. The deflection of the window sill should not be more than 2 mm per 1 m length.
Appendix d (mandatory).
Estimated method for estimating the temperature mode of nodes of the adjuncing window blocks to wall opening
D.1 Essence of the method
This method is designed to estimate the temperature regime of nodes of the adjoining window blocks to wall openings and the choice of the most rational structural solution of the mounting seams, taking into account the geometric shape, location and thermal conductivity of sealing materials, window blocks and wall structures.
The essence of the method consists in modeling the stationary heat transfer process through the nodes of the window block adjoints to the wallpaper using the appropriate software.
D.2 Software Requirements
D.2.1 The software by which the calculation performs must have accompanying technical documentation and provide the possibility of calculating a two-dimensional (flat) or three-dimensional (spatial) temperature field, thermal flows in a given area of \u200b\u200benclosing structures under stationary heat transfer conditions.
D.2.2 Entering the source data should be carried out either in graphical form (from the monitor screen, scanner, graphical or design file), or in the form of tabular data and ensure the possibility of specifying the desired characteristics of the materials and the boundary conditions of the calculated design in the specified area. Must be provided for both the use of a data bank and the possibility of introducing source data.
D.2.3 The presentation of the calculation results should ensure the possibility of visualizing the temperature field, the temperature determination at any point of the calculated area, the determination of the total incoming and outgoing heat fluxes through the specified surfaces.
D.2.4 The final results of the calculation should be in a documented form and include the calculated temperatures of the outer and internal air, the coefficients of the heat exchange surfaces, the temperature distribution according to the specified section of the calculated node.
D.3 General instructions
D.3.1 Assessment of the temperature regime of nodes of the window block adjoints to wall openings should be carried out for the following characteristic sections (see Figure D.1):
- node pairing a window block with a simplest (horizontal section);
- pairing node with windowsill (vertical section);
- conjugation node with window opening jumpers (vertical section);
- matching node Balcony door threshold with overlap stove (for balcony doors).
Figure D.1 - Schemption scheme for checking the temperature mode of nodes of the window blocks to the outer walls
When using the three-dimensional temperature fields, the temperature of the temperature regime of these sections can be carried out on the basis of the calculation of one spatial block, which includes a fragment of the outer wall with filling the window opening.
- for surfaces bordering out outer and inner air - in accordance with the outlines of structural elements of fences;
- for surfaces (sections), limiting the estimated area, - along the axes of the symmetry of the enclosing structures or at a distance of at least four thicknesses of the structural element falling into the cross section.
D.3.3 Boundary conditions should be taken:
- for surfaces bordering out the outer and inner air - in accordance with the designations of the designation of the respective buildings and structures and the climatic construction area;
- for surfaces (sections), limiting the estimated area, thermal flow and heat transfer coefficients - equal to zero.
D.3.4 The calculation of the temperature mode of the adjoining nodes is recommended to be carried out in the following order:
- determine the size of the calculated region and choose the characteristic sections;
- the calculated schemes of adjoining nodes are compiled, while complex configurations of sections, such as curvilinear, are replaced by more simple if this configuration has a slight effect in heat engineering;
- provide preparation and input to the source data program: geometric dimensions, calculated thermal conductivity coefficients, calculated temperature and internal air temperature, calculated heat transfer coefficients of surfaces of surfaces;
- perform the calculation of the temperature field;
- carry out visualization of the calculation results, the nature of the temperature distribution in the region under consideration is analyzed, the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces is determined at individual points;
- set the minimum temperature of the inner surface;
- the calculation results are compared with the requirements of this Standard and other NDs;
- determine the total heat stream included in the estimated area;
- if necessary, the constructive solution of the adjoining node is changed and re-calculations;
- compile a documented report on the results of calculations.
D.4 Basic requirements for accompanying technical documentation
The accompanying technical documentation must contain:
- scope of software;
- information on certification of software products;
- detailed description of the appointment of the program and its functions;
- description of mathematical models used in the program;
- information about the specialist fulfilling the calculation and its qualifications.
D.5 example calculation
It is necessary to carry out the temperature of the temperature field and estimate the possibility of condensate falling on the surface of the junction unit of the window block from glued wood for the seal of a single-layer brick wall made of full-scale brick on cement-sandy solution (horizontal section). The outer waterproofing layer is a pre-compressed sealing tape, the central layer is the foam insulation, the inner layer is a vapor barrier tape. The surface of the window slope is insulated with thermal lady of extruded polystyrene foam 25 mm thick. The main dimensions and characteristics of the materials of the window block and the outer wall are presented in Figure D.2.
Source data: Calculated internal air temperature t. B p \u003d 20 ° С; Calculated outdoor air temperature t. H p \u003d minus 28 ° C; Dew point temperature t. P \u003d 10.7 ° C; Estimated heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the wall α B st \u003d 8.7 W / (m 2 · ° C), the calculated coefficient of heat transfer coefficient of the inner surface of the window unit α B OK \u003d 8.0 W / (m 2 · ° C), the heat transfer coefficient is external The walls of the wall and the window block α H \u003d 23.0 W / (m 2 · ° C).
The calculated area of \u200b\u200bthe adjunct node is accepted along the axes of the symmetry of the window block and the outdoor wall. The calculated scheme is shown in Figure 2a), the scheme of setting the boundary conditions in Figure 2B).
a) Calculation scheme
b) the scheme of tasks of boundary conditions
1 - brickwork λ \u003d 0.8 W / (m · ° C); 2 - cement-sandy solution λ \u003d 0.93 W / (M · ° C); 3 - wood across the fibers λ \u003d 0.22 W / (m · ° C); 4 - mounting foam λ \u003d 0.05 W / (m · ° C); 6 - extruded polystyrene foam λ \u003d 0.05 W / (m · ° C); 7 - glass λ \u003d 0.76 W / (m · ° C); 8 - air layer 12 mm λ eq 0.08 W / (m · ° C); 9 - aluminum λ \u003d 220 W / (M · ° C); 10 - sealant λ \u003d 0.34 W / (m · ° C); 11 - vaporizolation tape λ \u003d 0.56 W / (M · ° С)
Figure D.2 - Calculation scheme and scheme for setting the boundary conditions of the window block adjuncing node to the window access
The calculation results are presented in Figure D.3 as the temperature distribution (isotherm) in cross section of the calculated area and the values \u200b\u200bof the temperature of the inner and outer surfaces in the individual most characteristic points.
Figure D.3 - results of calculating the temperature distribution through the node of the junction of the window unit from glued wood to the wall of full-scale brick
Analysis of the results of calculations shows that the minimum temperature of the inner surface is observed in the pairing zone of the window box with the slope of the window opening and is t b min. \u003d 12.6 ° C. Comparison of the minimum temperature of the inner surface with a dew point temperature indicates the absence of condensate falling conditions on the surface of this node of the adjoint (at the same time, the temperature on the inner surface of the glass package in the region of the distance frame is 3.4 ° C, which leads to condensate in this area, But does not contradict the requirements of existing ND).
Appendix E (mandatory).
Evaluation of the heat engineering characteristics of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to the wall openings in the laboratory and incense conditions
E.1 The essence of the methodology
The method of assessing the heat-engineering characteristics of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to wall openings is intended for laboratory and inventive work on the control of the heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam.
The essence of the technique consists in measuring the local temperatures on the inner surface of the assembly seam and the assessment of their compliance with the design standards with the specified parameters of the internal microclimate and climatic conditions of construction.
E.2 Requirements for samples
E.2.1 When conducting laboratory tests, the discharge of the test chamber should be identical to the design of the wall opening, and the sample of the window block is the window block shown in the design documentation for the underlining seam test (adjoining node). The design and technology of the installation seam device is taken according to the constructive solution of the adjunct node installed in the project documentation.
E.2.2 When conducting a personnel examination, selectively tests of typical adjoining units on each floor of the building, but at least 10% of the total volume.
E.2.3 In the presence of special solutions of adjoining units, as well as the identified deviations from design solutions, 100% of designs are monitored.
E.3 Conducting laboratory tests
E.3.1 When conducting laboratory tests, the climate chamber must have a cold and warm branch, comply with the requirements and be able to maintain the specified test conditions for at least 48 hours.
When conducting tests, the operator must be outside the cold and warm compartments of the climate chamber. It is allowed to enter a warm compartment for thermal imaging and verify the quality of the sensor installation. Fixing data after entering the warm compartment of the climatic chamber is allowed after confirming the output of heat fluxes and temperatures on the design surface of the stationary mode.
E.3.2 When conducting laboratory tests, make up a program taking into account the following conditions:
- the temperature in the warm compartment of the climate chamber is selected according to the requirements for the internal microclimate (internal temperature, air humidity) by;
- the temperature in the cold compartment of the climate chamber is selected according to the requirements of the current ND as the temperature of the coldest five days for the construction region;
- the heat transfer coefficient of the inner and outer surfaces is chosen and supported according to the requirements of the current ND.
E.3.3 The laboratory sample is maintained in conditions of selected outer and internal temperatures before entering stationary regime as required, but not less than 24 hours.
E.3.4 Before you start recording the results of measurement of temperatures and heat fluxes, thermal imaging is performed with the inner surface of the window block and adjoining nodes to the wall structure according to. The thermal imaging is performed perpendicular to the surface of the window block. Initially, the shooting of the entire window block is performed, including mounting seams. After its execution, a detailed shot of fragments of structures having temperature heterogeneities are performed.
It is allowed to choose a drop between the warm and cold compartments of the climatic chamber less than this is regulated and, with the appropriate justification.
E.3.5 An example of the thermal imaging of the inner surface of the window block and an adjunct node to the wall structure is shown in Figure E.1.
Figure E.1 - An example of the thermal imaging of the inner surface of the window block and an adjunct node to the wall structure
When the temperature heterogeneity is detected on the inner surface of the assembly seam, it is analyzed for compliance with the requirements of active NDs on the temperature on the inner surface, measurement of the local temperature of the temperature with thermospectorate or thermocouple.
Mounting seam, having local temperatures less than the temperature of the dew point for the specified conditions of the internal microclimate, is considered defective.
According to the results of measuring the minimum temperature on the inner surface of the mounting seam, taking into account data on the temperature of the dew point in a particular region and, depending on the type of buildings, in accordance with the application, it is assigned a class according to Table 1 of this standard.
E4 Conducting Fatur Tests
E.4.1 Before conducting a personnel examination, a computer modeling of all types of nodes is carried out in accordance with Annex D for the outdoor and internal air temperatures expected when performing a full-scale survey. The simulation results are drawn up in a graphical or tabular form to compare with the results of the intrinsic examination.
E.4.2 Before conducting a personnel examination, the design should be withdrawn to stationary regime.
E.4.3 Check-in temperature measurements on the inner surface of the seam can be carried out at any time of the year.
Subject to work on sealing of seams in winter in the unheated room before measurement the temperature in the control room must be increased to 20 ° C and maintained within 24 hours before the measurement starts .
Tests are allowed when the temperature of the outer and internal air is permitted, not less than 1.5 times larger the limit of the accuracy of the thermal imaging chamber, but not less than 15 ° C.
It is allowed to create a desired temperature difference in the summer heating of internal premises using heating devices under the condition of long exposure (at least 48 hours) and the lack of direct heating of the samples.
E.4.4 After establishing stationary conditions in the control room, the window is carried out:
- outdoor and internal thermal imaging;
- determination of heat engineering of homogeneous zones;
- measurement temperature on the outer and inner surfaces of the wall in homogeneous zones that exclude the effect of the window block;
- meat temperature on the inner surface of the mounting seam.
When conducting an internal heat-filming, the heating devices must be isolated and shielded.
E.4.5 Temperature measurements are carried out according to the results of the pre-thermal imaging in all zones of the mounting seam, as well as on areas of detected temperature heterogeneities.
The results of the internal temperature measurement are compared with the results of pre-computer simulation of typical nodes for the value of the outer and internal air temperatures.
If it is impossible, the comparison is performed by recalculating the minimum of the measured temperature values \u200b\u200bon the inner surface of the mounting seam according to the application procedure 7.
E.4.6 The assessment of the fitness of the mounting seam is carried out from the conditions of exceeding local temperature values. If the minimum corrected local temperature value is lower than the dew point temperature for the specified conditions of the internal microclimate, the installation seam is considered defective.
The class is confirmed according to Table 1 of this standard according to the results of measuring the minimum temperature on the inner surface of the mounting seam, taking into account the data on the temperature of the dew point in a particular region and depending on the type of buildings in accordance with the p.
Appendix F (Reference).
Methods for determining the water permeability of nodes of adjoining window blocks to wall openings in laboratory and tool conditions
Well.1 Preparation for Testing
W.1.1 Before the start of testing, the test program is constituted in which specific sheds of the shed at the facility and their number.
W.1.2 prepare the equipment, measurement tools and auxiliary devices used in testing, including the verification of their serviceability.
Well.1.3 Flexible hose by which water is supplied to the rain device is connected to the nearest water supply source providing the required pressure of 200-240 kPa.
W.1.4 Before the test, a trial switching on the equipment is carried out and, if necessary, adjust the specified water pressure and the distance to the object.
W.2 Conditions for testing
W.2.1 Tests are carried out during the daytime with sufficient illumination of the test object.
W.2.2 The ambient temperature should be at least 5 ° C.
W.2.3 The water temperature for the strait should be from 6 ° C to 20 ° C.
20.4 The nozzle of the sprinkler should be located at an angle (90 ± 15) ° C to the surface of the test object.
W.2.5 Water pressure in the nozzle should be maintained within 200-240 kPa over the entire test time of this object.
W.2.6 During testing, atmospheric moisture is not allowed to enter the surface of the subject object.
20.3 Testing
20.1 Nozzle nozzle of an irrigation device is located at a distance (300 ± 30) mm from the surface of the selected section of the mounting seam.
20.2 Include water supply to the rain device.
G.3.3 The test is carried out by a continuous strait of the selected area of \u200b\u200bthe object for 5 minutes, while the nozzle is moved evenly back and forth parallel to the surface of the object, observing the requirements of W.2.4 and 20.1.
20.4 Tests are carried out at the object, starting the shed from the lower selected area, then go to the following sections located above, and on each start the shed from the bottom up.
J.3.5 During the strait of sections of the outer surface of the assembly seam, it is necessary to monitor its inner surface, determining the places of water leaks and noting them.
20.6 When leaks are detected, it takes a photography of detected places and make a mark in the test protocol indicating the place and number of defects in a tested facility.
20.7 If no leaks were found for 5 minutes of the shed selected area, you should go to the next portion of the test object.
4.4 Safety in testing
G.4.1 Persons conducting tests on facilities must be familiar with the relevant safety instructions and comply with them when conducting tests.
G.4.2 It is forbidden to test in the zone of the installation crane and under a plot (invigorative) of construction and installation work.
G.4.3 When conducting tests on objects above the second floor of the Strait Building is carried out with attachments, crackers or telescopic lifts using safety devices.
Appendix and (Reference).
Methods for determining air permeability and defects of nodes of adjacent window blocks to wall openings in full-scale conditions
And.1 The essence of the methodology
Methods for determining air-permeability and defects of nodes of the adjoining window blocks to wall openings are intended for real-life work on the quality control of the performance and air permeability of the assembly seam.
The essence of the technique is to create a normalized pressure drop between the indoor room and the outer space, measuring the air permeability of the assembly seam, controlling the quality of its execution using the pressure difference device between the room and the environment, thermal imaging and smoke generator.
When conducting one-time testing, equipment according to GOST 31167, taking into account the requirements.
And.2 Requirements for samples
And.2.1 When conducting a personnel examination, selective tests of the windows of each type of size, but at least 5% of the total glazing area.
And.2.2. If there are special solutions of adjoining units, as well as detected deviations from design solutions, 100% of designs are monitored.
And.3 Preparation for attendant testing
And.3.1 Before conducting inventory tests, the most characteristic rooms have typical window blocks installed in accordance with the project documentation.
And.3.2 It is recommended to use two equipment systems according to GOST 31167. One of the equipment sets creates the required pressure drop in the test room, the other is set to the entrance or to the floor to create a compensating pressure and exceptions due to the pressure drop between adjacent rooms. All doors at the same time With the exception of the test room, should be open.
And.3.3 conduct temporary sealing of window blocks and their adjoining nodes.
Temporary sealing of window blocks and seams of mounting nodes of the adjoining window blocks are sticking with sticky adhesive tapes and films using polyethylene films and other suitable technical devices and materials.
And.3.4 premises prepare for tests in accordance with the requirements of GOST 31167.
And.3.5 It is allowed to conduct tests when the temperature of the outer and internal air is carried out, not less than 1.5 times larger the accuracy limit of the thermal imaging chamber, but not less than 5 ° C.
And 4 Conducting field tests of air permeability of seams of mounting nodes adjacent window blocks
I.4.1 In the selected rooms create negative pressure drops and conduct a test in accordance with section 8 GOST 31167.
And.4.2 The maximum pressure difference is determined equal to 100 Pa, the decrease and increase in the pressure difference is carried out step by a difference of 10 Pa. Before starting and at the end of the tests, a static pressure drop with averaging in the range of 30 C, which is taken into account when processing results, is measured. The minimum number of measurement points is seven.
When conducting tests, it is necessary to comply with the safety requirements in accordance with section 11 GOST 31167.
And.4.3 After completion of the tests, according to and.4.1, the time sealing of window blocks and adjoining units are removed. Sealing window blocks, including opening elements and glass adjuncing sites to the profile elements.
And.4.4 repeat the procedure according to and.4.1 and, and 4.2. Air permeability of adjoining nodes R Δp sh, M 3 / Obc.) Determine the formula:
R Δp \u003d Q Δp / L, (and.1)
where L. - the total length of the total tested adjoining nodes, m;
Q Δp is the difference between air flow at a given pressure ΔP, Pa, with temporal sealing of the seams of mounting nodes of the window blocks, and without it.
And 4.5 The normalized value of the air permeation of the seams of the mounting nodes of the window blocks of the window blocks is determined by the value of the pressure drop Δp \u003d 100 pa.
I.5 Conducting natural tests of air permeability of seams of mounting nodes adjacent window blocks
I.5.1 Before tested by testing, and 4.1, thermal imaging of the seams of mounting nodes of the adjuncing window blocks are carried out with a pressure drop of at least 50 pa from the low pressure side. At the same time, the photographing of all detected deviations from the design solutions and the requirements of this standard are performed.
I.5.2 After the completion of the work of software, i.4.3, re-thermal imaging of the mounting seams of nodes of the adjoining window blocks is carried out. If differences in the temperature fields are detected from the results according to I.5.1, the analysis of each detected deviation is analyzed.
И.5.3 If possible, check the mounting seams with detected temperature heterogeneities using the smoke generator.
The jet of smoke is directed directly to the detected area with detected temperature heterogeneities from the outside.
In the presence of a defect caused by increased air infiltration through the installation seam, there is likely to penetrate the smoke that allows you to localize the detected defect.
I.5.4 When the inhomogeneity of the temperature fields, which do not change as a result of the creation of the pressure drop, the defect is likely to carry the nature of the transmission component (inclusion with increased heat loss) and should be diagnosed according to the annex of this standard.
I.5.5 All detected defects are subject to correction. If the correctness is not possible, it is necessary to reinstall the window block.
I.5.6 After the correction of the identified defects, the re-maturity test is carried out.
Bibliography
Mi 1200-86 State system for ensuring unity of measurements. Inverter primary pyrometric complete and partial radiation. Technique verification
SP 23-101-2004 Design of thermal protection of buildings
| UDC 692.299.057.47 (083.74) | ISS 91.060.50 |
Keywords: mounting seams, window blocks, mounted gap, unit adjoining unit of the window block and wall opening, deformative effect, external insulating layer
This standard applies to the installation seams of window adjoins of window and outer door blocks to wall outlooks.
The standard is used in the design, development of design and technological documentation, as well as the production of work in the construction, reconstruction and repair of buildings and structures of various purposes, taking into account the requirements of the current construction standards and rules. The requirements of the standard are also used when replacing window blocks in the exploited rooms.
The requirements of this standard can be used in the design of mounting seams of components of stained-glass and other facade structures, as well as mounting seams of conjugation of structures.
The standard does not apply to the mounting seams of nodes of adjoining window blocks of special purpose (for example, fire-presting, explosion-proof, etc.), as well as products intended for use in unheated premises.
Standard can be used for certification purposes.
| Title of the document: | GOST 30971-2002. |
| Document Type: | standard |
| Document status: | suitable |
| Name Rus: | Seam mounting units of window blocks adjoins to wall openings. General technical conditions |
| Name English: | Erection to Joints of Window Assemblies Adjointed to Wall Openings. General Specifications. |
| Text update date: | 01.08.2013 |
| Date of administration: | 01.03.2003 |
| Date of actualization of the description: | 01.08.2013 |
| Number of pages in the main text of the document: | 62 pcs. |
| Replacing: | GOST 30971-2012 |
| Date of publication: | 14.04.2003 |
| Reissue: | |
| Last Change Date: | 15.07.2013 |
| Amendments and changes: | (2005-07-08) - in a new window: Amendment to GOST 30971-2002 |
                                                              | |
Seams mounting nodes adjoining window blocks to wall openings
General technical conditions
Official edition
Standinform
Preface
The goals, the basic principles and the main procedure for carrying out work on interstate standardization are GOST 1.0-92 "Interstate standardization system. Basic provisions "and GOST 1.2-2009" Interstate standardization system. Standards interstate, rules and recommendations on interstate standardization. Rules for the development, adoption, applications, updates and cancellations »
Information about standard
1 Developed by a Limited Liability Company NUPC "Interregional Institute of Windows" (NUPC "Interregional Institute of Windows") with the participation of the institution "Research Institute of Construction Physics of the Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences" (Niizf Raasn), State Unitary Enterprise Research Institute Moscow Construction "(State Unitary Enterprise" Nimosstroy ")
2 Submitted by the Technical Committee on Standardization TC 465 "Construction"
3 Adopted by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization, Technical Registration and Assessment of Conformity in Construction (MNTKS) (Protocol No. 40 of 14.06.2012)
4 by the order of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology of December 27, 2012 No. 1983-stage Interstate Standard GOST 30971-2012 was introduced as a national standard of the Russian Federation
5 Instead of GOST 30971-2002
Information on the introduction of (termination) of this Standard is published in the National Standards Index.
Information about the changes to this standard is published in the "National Standards" indicators, and the text of the change - in the information signs "National Standards". In case of revision or cancellation of this standard, the relevant information will be published in the information indicator "National Standards"
© Standinform, 2013
In the Russian Federation, this standard cannot be fully or partially reproduced, replicated and distributed as an official publication without the permission of the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology II
Introduction
GOST 30971-2012
GOST30971-2012
Option A.
Option B.
I - a narrow water of Oyzol Jazynaya Paro permeable layer;
II - the central of the thermal heaters, s in the ukoy the evil s);
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GOST30971-2012
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5.2 Size Requirements
GOST30971-2012
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GOST30971-2012
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5.3.3 The sequence of technological operations necessary to perform the mounting seam is developed in the project manufacturing project in the form of technological maps. Technological maps should be developed taking into account the general climatic features of the construction area, as well as the expected season of the year for installation work.
GOST30971-2012
5.4 Security Requirements
6 Rules acceptance
GOST30971-2012
Input control of materials used;
Monitoring the preparation of window openings and window blocks;
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GOST30971-2012
Type and size of fasteners;
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GOST 30971-2012
Materials used in the manufacture of mounting seams of nodes of the junction of window and door blocks should ensure that they are replaced during operation after the durability specified in this standard. The use of irremiable materials is allowed subject to confirmation of their durability for the entire period specified in the contract.
5.1.3 The design of the mounting seam includes three or four layers having a different functional purpose:
The main central layer is the provision of heat, sound insulation;
Outer sealing layer - ensuring the diffusion of moisture from the assembly seam and protection against atmospheric influences (rain moisture, ultraviolet radiation, wind);
The inner layer of sealing is to ensure vapor barrier and protection of the insulation layer from diffuse vapor moisture from the inside of the room.
When installing window structures in the outer walls that are erected using wet processes (stone masonry, monolithic concrete), it is necessary to protect the insulation layer from the migration of the technological moisture from the adjacent wall by installing an additional layer:
The additional layer is a water and vaporizolation layer between the middle layer of the seam and the surface of the opening, which can be arranged to prevent moisture penetration or steam from the wall material.
The deformations of the window (door) block arising from the temperature difference (shear and stretching force - compression) should be perceived by any single layer of the assembly seam or by collaborating materials of two or three layers.
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The application of the constructive principle of the installation seam device other than the above mentioned above is allowed under the condition of the appropriate justification in the form of calculations, inventory or laboratory tests.
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Option A.
Option B.
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II - central heat, sound insulation layer;
Iii - internal vaporizolation layer;
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Figure 2 - Option of the device of the mounting seam
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5.1.5 Installation seams should be resistant to various operational effects and loads: atmospheric factors, temperature-humidifiers from the room, power (temperature, shrinkage, etc.) deformations, wind and other loads (in accordance with the required class).
Requirements for thermal indicators and deformation stability of mounting seams must comply with Table 1 values \u200b\u200band are installed in the design and working documentation.
5.1.6 Materials for the installation of installation seams are selected based on power operational impacts.
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GOST 30971-2012
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5.1.8 The indicators of air, waterproof and sound insulation of the seam should not be lower than the corresponding indicators for the window block.
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5.1.9 General constructive solution of the adjoining assembly (including installation seams, elements of additional atmospheric protection, dissection finish, as well as all other elements that ensure the conjugation of the window block with the opening in the finished form) should exclude the possibility of cold air infiltration through mounting seams in winter time (through purge).
5.1.10 The outer sealing layer (see position 2, Figure 1) may have an additional atmospheric asset in the form of special profile elements, rainy nachets, lining, etc.
On the inside, the mounting seams are closed with a plastering layer or details of the facing of window slopes and the windowsill.
At the bottom of the window opening, protection against atmospheric influences is additionally provided with a sampling (see position 5, Figure 1), additional profile elements, etc.
5.1.11 The durability of the mounting seams should be at least 20 conditional years of operation.
5.1.12 General requirements for assembly seam materials - in accordance with Appendix A.
5.2 Size Requirements
5.2.1 The minimum dimensions of the mounting gaps for window blocks of various designs are taken in accordance with Table 2, Figure 3, as well as from the condition of providing the possibility of free temperature expansion of the window block without the occurrence of flexural deformations of profile elements.
The design dimensions of the mounting gaps in relation to the climatic conditions of the construction area are recommended to additionally confirm the calculation of a possible temperature change in the size of the window block in the direction perpendicular to the designer seam (Appendix B).
The value of the assembly gap for the structures of the belt glazing exceeding 6 m, and glazing facades are taken on the basis of technical calculations (manufacturer's recommendations of the profile system).
Figure 3 - Mounting gap location
Table 2 - Mounting Gap Sizes
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5.2.2 Sizes and configuration of window openings must comply with the work of the project documentation.
5.2.3 The deviation from the vertical and horizontal side of the side of the opening should not exceed 4.0 mm per 1 m.
Check are carried out in three ways:
GOST 30971-2012
Construction level, while measuring the width and height spend at least three times;
Measuring the diagonals of the opening;
Laser plane builder.
5.2.4 When determining the mounting gaps, it is necessary to take into account the limit deviation from the size of the boxes of the window block. Deviations from vertical and horizontally mounted window blocks should not exceed 1.5 mm per 1 m length, but not more than 3 mm on the height of the product. Installation of window blocks in openings having deviations of geometric dimensions exceeding the specified in 5.2.3 is not allowed.
5.3 Requirements for the preparation of mounting clearance surfaces
5.3.1 The edges and surface of the openings should not have rinse, shells, influx of the solution and other damage height (depth) more than 10 mm.
Defective places should be covered with waterproof compositions.
Empty in the slopes of opening of walls (for example, cavities at the joints of the facing and main layers of brick masonry in the joints of the jumpers and masonry joints; the rods formed by removing the boxes when replacing window blocks, etc.) should be filling out inserts from rigid foampelters, antiseptic wood or plastering mixtures. When using mineral wool insulation, it is recommended to ensure protection against saturation of moisture. When installing window blocks in the fourth openings, the recommended approach for a quarter of the window block should be at least 10 mm.
Surfaces having oil pollution should be degreased. Ruffy, sprinkled areas of the surfaces should be hardened (treated with binding compositions or special film materials).
5.3.2 Before installing the insulation materials of the surface openings and structures, the surface of the window openings and structures should be cleaned of dust, dirt and oil spots, and in winter conditions - from snow, ice, and then with the subsequent heating of the surface.
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The development of a technological map or regulations should be carried out taking into account the operations necessary to prepare the surfaces of the wall opening, as well as taking into account the requirements established in the Appendix G.
5.4 Security Requirements
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5.4.2 Persons employed on installation should be provided with workwear and personal protective equipment on ND.
5.4.3 Persons engaged in the installation when taking a job, and also periodically must undergo a medical examination in accordance with the applicable rules of health authorities, safety instructions and be trained in safe operation.
5.4.4 On all installation operations (including loading and unloading and transport) must be developed and approved in the prescribed manual for the safety instructions.
5.5 Environmental Protection Requirements
5.5.1 All installation seam materials must be environmentally friendly. In the processes of transportation, storage and operation, these materials should not be separated into the surrounding medium toxic substances in concentrations exceeding the permissible norms.
5.5.2 The utilization of waste arising during installation should be carried out by their industrial processing in accordance with the terms of the current ND and legal instruments.
6 Rules acceptance
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6.2 Acceptance of mounting seams are carried out in stages:
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Monitoring compliance with the requirements for installing window blocks;
Production operational control;
Acceptance tests upon completion of work;
Qualifying and periodic laboratory tests of materials and assembly seams conducted by test centers (laboratories).
The results of all types of control (tests) are recorded in the relevant accounting magazines.
The completion of the installation on the installation of the seams is drawn up with an act for hidden work and the act of their acceptance.
6.3 Input control of materials and products when they arrive and storage are carried out in accordance with the requirements of ND on these materials and products. At the same time, they check sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, the expiration date, marking of products (containers), certificates of conformity (if any), a document confirming the quality of the party to the materials used, containing the results of acceptance and periodic tests in the scope of technical indicators, in accordance with Annex A, as well as the fulfillment of the conditions established in the supply contracts.
6.4 Control of the preparation of window openings and installation of window blocks is carried out according to the technological documentation for the production of installation work, taking into account the requirements of the current project documentation and this standard.
When compiling an act of acceptance of the front of the work check:
Preparation of surface opening surfaces;
Dimensions (limit deviations) of window openings;
Deviations from the size of mounting gaps;
Compliance of installation gaps with the requirements of working documentation (RD);
Other requirements established in RD and technological documentation.
If the quality of the openings does not correspond to at least one of the above requirements, then the opening cannot be accepted on the act of acceptance, and the act with the list of flaws that must be eliminated.
6.5 When drawing up an act of installation of fasteners check:
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Compliance with the location of fixing elements with the requirements of the RD;
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6.6 When drawing up an act of quality on filling mounting gaps check:
The depth of filling, the size of the mounting seam;
Lack of emptiness, cracks, detachalies;
Size of shells (if available).
6.7 In drawing up an act of quality of application of the outer and internal layers of the assembly seam, check:
Compliance with the installation of insulation materials with the requirements of the RD;
The thickness of the layer and the width of the contact strip sealant with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design.
6.8 Operational control of the quality of the installation seams is carried out immediately after the completion of the work on sealing prior to the start of finishing internal slopes, while:
Window openings for conducting control measurements are chosen arbitrarily;
To assess the quality of sealing, methods of non-destructive testing by the criterion of continuity and homogeneity of the sealing circuit along the perimeter of the window opening are used;
To estimate the above parameters, the remote temperature measurement method is used by the contactless method on the inner and outer surfaces of the seam in accordance with the control dimension scheme shown in Figure 5, using a portable pyrometer. The instruments used for measurements must pass the primary calibration of software.
Measurement results are fixed in a special application to an acceptance act for hidden work.
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6.9 Control of the heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam is carried out according to the method in accordance with the application D.
6.10 Classification and periodic laboratory tests of installation seams are carried out at the request of the design, construction and other organizations to confirm the classification characteristics and operational indicators of installation seams in accordance with Appendix A.
It is allowed to determine the characteristics of the mounting seams by the calculated methods on ND approved in the prescribed manner.
7 Test Methods
7.1 Material testing methods for input quality control are installed in technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of ND on these materials and the requirements of this standard.
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7.1.2 Determination of tensile strength and relative elongation when a foam seal break
7.1.2.1 Sample for testing
The test sample is a prism of a cured foam with dimensions in cross section 50x50 mm and a thickness of 30 mm, glued between two rigid plates prepared as follows.
The cylinder with foam is pre-shaken 20-30 times, a foam is released from a cylinder into shape of 50 mM wide, 50 mm high and 300 mm long, which from the inside is lined with anti-adhesive paper (surface treatment with anti-adhesion compositions is allowed). Form surfaces are pre-moisturized.
After curing the surplus of foam, protruding the dimensions of the shape, cut off. From the received board, five prisms of the foam of the required size are cut.
Samples are glued to metal plates with a size of 70x50 mm. The thickness of the plates are chosen from the condition that they should not be deformed at an effort that occurs when the sample is destructed. Plates can be concrete, metal, wooden or from a different material. Adhesive should not destroy the structure of the foam and ensure the strength of the adhesion of the foam with plates is higher than the strength of the foam itself during the destruction.
7.1.2.2 Testing
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The stretching force is applied perpendicular to the surface of the sample in the direction that simulates the direction of power loads on the material under conditions of use. An example of fastening the samples in the discontinuous machine is shown in Figure 6.
GOST 30971-2012
Figure 6 - Example of fastening the sample in the discontinuous machine when determining the tensile strength of the foam seal
7.1.2.3 Rating Results
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For the result of the test, the average-brimetic value of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, the discrepancy between which does not exceed 10%.
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For the result of the test, the average-generation value of the indicator, calculated at least three parallel definitions, is taken, while the average value should not differ from any one used by the calculation by more than 20%.
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7.1.5 Determination of the adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the materials of wall openings and window structures
7.1.5.1 Test Samples
The clutch strength is determined on samples - fragments of seams, in which the seam of the foam of 50x50x30 mm is located between two substrates. Samples are prepared by the method of sending. As substrates, the material is used for which the tensile strength of the foam is determined: PVC, metal, concrete, painted wood, etc. The substrate size should be 70x50 mm, and the thickness is 3-20 mm depending on the type of material.
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7.1.5.2 Testing - according to 7.1.2.2.
7.1.5.3 Rating Results
The adhesion strength of the foam insulation with the material of the substrate is calculated in accordance with 7.1.2.3. The nature of the destruction of the samples is also recorded: adhesion or cohesion.
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7.2 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.2.1 The deformation stability of the mounting seam is determined by cyclic tests of stretching - compression with the value of the permissible deformation corresponding to the class of operational characteristics at which the integrity of the seam is preserved.
7.2.2 Test Samples
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7.2.3 Testing
For testing, a low-cycle fatigue machine of the MUM-3-100 type is used (see Figure 7) or any testing machine that ensures the alternate deformation of samples with specified deformation values \u200b\u200band speed. The test rate must be 5-10 mm / min. The test is carried out at a temperature (20 ± 3) ° C.
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At least 20 stretching cycles are carried out - sample compression.
7.2.4 Rating Results
After the completion of cyclic tests, the samples are subjected to visual inspection. The test result is recognized as satisfactory if each sample does not have through bundles, detachments from substrates and destruction.
Figure 7 - low-cycle fatigue machine when testing a foam insulation for deformation stability
7.3 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
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7.4 Preparation of window opening surfaces are evaluated visually.
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7.6 The appearance and quality of the device of the mounting seam layers are estimated visually with illumination of at least 300 lux at a distance of 400-600 mm.
GOST 30971-2012
The thickness of the sealant layer and the width of the contact band with the surfaces of the window opening and the window design are verified in the indicated in the way.
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The designated p-shaped sealant section is separated from a foam base and using a caliper measured the thickness of the most narrow part of the sealant film.
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7.8 Methods of qualifying and periodic laboratory tests
7.8.1 The heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam are determined by the estimated method in accordance with the Annex D, in the laboratory conditions, either by the method of methods in accordance with the Annex E.
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When testing in the laboratory conditions, the test chamber should identify the design of the wall opening, and the sample of the window block is the window block shown in the design documentation for the underlining seam (adjoining node). The design and technology of the installation seam device is taken according to the constructive solution of the adjunct node installed in the project documentation.
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box of the window block fill the panel, carefully insulating the gaps in the box connection and panel,
constructive solution of the panel and insulation of gaps during sound insulation tests should provide estimated sound insulation of at least 45 dBA,
the conditions for testing are specified in the task (direction) for testing.
7.8.4 The stability of the mounting seam to the effects of operating temperatures is determined by the materials of the outer insulating layer.
7.8.5 Methods for testing indicators used for installation seams are installed in ND to these materials and existing standards.
7.8.6 Durability (service life) of the assembly seam is allowed to determine as the minimum durability of materials included in the exterior central or inner layer of the assembly seam, are determined by methods agreed and approved in the prescribed manner.
7.8.7 The compatibility of the mounting seam materials is confirmed by comparison of the values \u200b\u200bof the hydrogen indicator of the pH of contacting materials, and the contact of materials having a sour or alkaline reaction is not allowed.
8 Manufacturer's warranty
The manufacturer of works guarantees the compliance of the installation seams with the requirements of this standard, subject to the compliance with the requirements of this standard and the compliance of operational loads on the installation seams by the calculated values \u200b\u200bestablished in the RD.
The warranty period of the mounting seam is established in the contract between the manufacturer of works and the customer, but at least five years from the date of signing the acceptance act on the construction site or from the date of shipment of the factory manufacturing panel with the installed window block.
GOST 30971-2012
Appendix A (mandatory)
General requirements for assembly seam
And 1 General requirements for materials
A.1.1 Materials used in the designs of mounting seams must comply with the requirements of standards, technical conditions and terms of contracts for the supply. The use of materials with an expired expiration date is allowed only under the condition of positive results of repeated (additional) tests for their compliance with the established requirements.
A.1.2 Materials used in the designs of installation seams must have a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion in accordance with the legislation of the state.
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A.1.5 Materials used for the device of various layers of the mounting seam must be compatible with each other, as well as with wall opening materials, window box and fasteners.
A.1.6 The possibility of applying a combination of materials should be checked by calculating the humidity of the assembly seam with the conditions of operation of the premises. Determining criteria in accordance with the current NDs are:
Inadmissibility of moisture accumulation in the installation seam for the annual period of operation;
Restriction of moisture accumulation in the heat insulating layer over the period of operation with negative average monthly outdoor temperatures.
A.1.7 When performing mounting seams with resistance to the vapor-permeation of the outer waterproofing layer less than 0.25 m 2 h / mg and resistance to the vapor-permeation of the internal vapor barrier layer, more than 2 m 2 h / mg.
A.1.8 Materials for the installation seams should be stored in compliance with the storage conditions specified in the ND on these materials.
A.2 Requirements for the outer layer
A.2.1 The outer layer of the assembly seam must be waterproof at rain effects and a given (calculated) pressure drop between the outer and the inner surfaces of the mounting seam.
The water permeability limit of the mounting seam should be at least 300 pa.
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Figure B.2A - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to a quarter of a brick wall with a vapor-permeable sealant with an inner discovery finish with a plaster solution
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Figure B.4 - Node of the upper (lateral) adjoining of the window block to a quarter to a quarter in a single-layer concrete panel wall with the use of sealants and trimming of internal slope with moisture-resistant drywall sheet
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GOST30971-2012
Introduction
This standard is intended for use in the production of work on filling mounting gaps between the surface of the wall opening and the planes of the window (door) block, as well as when designing nodes of the window and door blocks.
This standard was developed on the basis of technical analysis of many years of operation of window (door) blocks in various climatic conditions on the territory of the Russian Federation and the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States.
This standard is aimed at ensuring the improvement of the comfort of residence, an increase in durability and energy efficiency in construction in terms of increasing the requirements for the heat-protective characteristics of nodes of the window (door) blocks.
The requirements of this standard are intended to be applied by organizations carrying out activities in the field of construction and design, regardless of the forms of ownership and state affiliation.
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Figure V.8A - Node of the upper (lateral) node of the adjuncing of the wooden window block to the way in the frame wall
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G.1.1 Selecting the installation site of the window block in the depth of the wall opening is determined according to the project decision. At the same time, the values \u200b\u200bof mounting gaps should be taken into account in accordance with 5.6.1.
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Figure G.1 - Fastening the window blocks to the wall
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The distance between the point of fixing windows along the circuit of the opening is set on the basis of the technical requirements of the manufacturer of the profile system.
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An example of the location of the fastening points of the box and support (carrier) pads and fasteners when mounting the window block is shown in Figure 2.
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G.2.2 When installing the window drain in the nodes of the adjoining to the wall and the window block, it is necessary to provide conditions that exclude moisture in the mounting seam, and under the plums should be installed gaskets (quarrels) that reduce the noise effects of raindrops. The sling angle must be at least 100 ° from the vertical plane.
G.2.3 The adjoining of the window sill to the box of the window block should be dense, sealed and resistant to deformation effects. The installation of the window sill is carried out on the support bearing pads, the size and number of which should provide a load in the vertical plane of at least 100 kg. When removing the windowsill, more than 1/3 widths from the wall plane are recommended to install additional brackets. The deflection of the window sill should not be more than 2 mm per 1 m length.
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The essence of the method consists in modeling the stationary heat transfer process through the nodes of the window block adjoints to the wallpaper using the appropriate software.
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D.2.1 The software by which the calculation performs must have accompanying technical documentation and provide the possibility of calculating a two-dimensional (flat) or three-dimensional (spatial) temperature field, thermal flows in a given area of \u200b\u200benclosing structures under stationary heat transfer conditions.
D.2.2 Entering the source data should be carried out either in graphical form (from the monitor screen, scanner, graphical or design file), or in the form of tabular data and ensure the possibility of specifying the desired characteristics of the materials and the boundary conditions of the calculated design in the specified area. Must be provided for both the use of a data bank and the possibility of introducing source data.
D.2.3 The presentation of the calculation results should ensure the possibility of visualizing the temperature field, the temperature determination at any point of the calculated area, the determination of the total incoming and outgoing heat fluxes through the specified surfaces.
D.2.4 The final results of the calculation should be in a documented form and include the calculated temperatures of the outer and internal air, the coefficients of the heat exchange surfaces, the temperature distribution according to the specified section of the calculated node.
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D.3.1 Assessment of the temperature regime of nodes of the window block adjoints to wall openings should be carried out for the following characteristic sections (see Figure D.1):
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When using the three-dimensional temperature fields, the temperature of the temperature regime of these sections can be carried out on the basis of the calculation of one spatial block, which includes a fragment of the outer wall with filling the window opening.
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D.3.3 Boundary conditions should be taken:
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D.3.4 The calculation of the temperature mode of the adjoining nodes is recommended to be carried out in the following order:
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The accompanying technical documentation must contain:
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Interstate standard
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1 area of \u200b\u200buse
This standard applies to the mounting seams in the nodes of the window blocks of the window blocks (including balcony) and translucent structures to the openings of the outer walls of heated buildings.
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The requirements of this standard can be applied in the design and device of nodes of adjoining exterior doors, gates, stained glass structures and tape glazing.
This standard does not apply to all types of mounted facade structures, winter gardens and translucent roofs, as well as on the attic window blocks, on the window blocks of special purposes in terms of additional fire safety requirements, protection against hacking.
This standard uses regulatory references to the following interstate standards:
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Figure D.2 - Calculation scheme and scheme for setting the boundary conditions of the window block adjuncing node to the window access
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GOST30971-2012
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The method of assessing the heat-engineering characteristics of the nodes of the adjoining window blocks to wall openings is intended for laboratory and inventive work on the control of the heat engineering characteristics of the assembly seam.
The essence of the technique consists in measuring the local temperatures on the inner surface of the assembly seam and the assessment of their compliance with the design standards with the specified parameters of the internal microclimate and climatic conditions of construction.
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When conducting tests, the operator must be outside the cold and warm compartments of the climate chamber. It is allowed to enter a warm compartment for thermal imaging and verify the quality of the sensor installation. Fixing data after entering the warm compartment of the climatic chamber is allowed after confirming the output of heat fluxes and temperatures on the design surface of the stationary mode.
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