The scaffolding device consists of critical milestones on the selection of the required brand, fastening structures to walls and other structural elements of buildings and structures. Scaffolding and scaffolding are used at every site and almost nowhere can be done without them. The following varieties are used:

• frame (LRSP), consisting of finished welded frames ( individual elements) from which the forests are collected;
• pin (LSh, LSPSh) - a structure of racks with pins, crossbars and jibs, providing a single rigid system;
• clamp (LH, LSPH) - assembly is carried out using clamps, which greatly complicates the process of their assembly, but allows you to assemble a scaffold structure of any shape;
• wedge (CL) - represent the same spatial-tiered system as the previous ones, but differ in the presence of an adjustable wedge-shaped connection;
• scaffolding towers, both mobile, equipped with wheels, and stationary - represent one section of scaffolding, assembled to the required height; most often used for anti-corrosion and fire protection building structures.

All scaffolding is intended both for finishing, repair, and for a complex of installation and dismantling works, brickwork walls, on laying pipelines and cables on overpasses, installation of video surveillance systems on buildings, etc. Without the development of PPR for the installation of scaffolds, it is prohibited to carry out all work with their use. Separately, the PPR should include technological maps on the assembly of the structures themselves.

The graphic part of the PPR for the installation of scaffolding should provide for the boundary of the dangerous zone of departure of falling objects, and if it is necessary to reduce it, then using protective nets. In accordance with the rules for labor protection at height, fences are taken into account for the safe production of work. The detailed design for the production of works provides instructions on the purpose of paving means for their use only when they were provided. When developing documentation, we take into account all current regulations on labor protection in construction and work at height.

Order PPR for the installation of scaffolding

To receive a commercial proposal for the development of PPR and technical maps for the device of scaffolding, send us a working draft by e-mail:. This will be enough to get all the information from us on the timing, cost of drawing up a complete set of work production projects and flow charts.

The cost can be viewed, and the terms of reference for the development can be downloaded. It is not necessary to fill in the technical specification, you can describe your wishes in the body of the e-mail letter.

Technological maps for the device of scaffolding

The technological maps for the device and operation of the scaffolding provide for all assembly measures in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Assembly stages must include the complete set of the object the required amount elements depending on the type of used scaffolding:

• foot pads for posts with adjustable installation height on uneven surfaces;
• ordinary and additional vertical racks;
• horizontal and lateral ties for attaching the racks to each other and creating spatial rigidity of the structure;
• ready-made ladders for moving on tiers;
• decking on tiers from a board or inventory factory execution;
• anchor fasteners for fastening scaffolding to structures of buildings and structures;
• fastening elements (clamps, cotter pins, hardware, etc.).

The technological map for the installation of scaffolding is developed with reference to a specific construction object. A prerequisite serves as an installation site, defining the boundaries of the hazardous area, installing protective fences, fastening to existing structural elements of buildings and structures. The selection according to the carrying capacity is carried out based on the bearing capacity of the paving means and the need for simultaneous work from several tiers.

Course Project - Designing a Network Schedule for the Construction of a Civil Building (Coursework)

Course project - Organization, technology and complex mechanization of the construction of irrigation canals (Coursework)

Course project - Organization and planning of construction production (Course)

Course project - Organization of construction production (Coursework)

Rodionov S.L. State and use of forests in the Republic of Belarus (2010). Annual Review (Document)

V.P. Odintsov Handbook for the development of a project for the production of work (Document)

n1.rtf

SCAFFOLDING PROJECT

EXPLANATIONS TO THE PROJECT OF PRODUCTION OF WORKS
This project was developed for the installation of scaffolding LRP-2000-100 at the facility: __________ at the address: ______________.

1. Basic requirements for the construction of scaffolding
1.1. Forests must be registered in the log book in accordance with Appendix 3 GOST 24258-88; the log must be kept on site. The registration number must be marked in a conspicuous place on the scaffold structural member or on a plate attached to it.
1.2. Erection and dismantling of the scaffolding should be carried out under the supervision of the person responsible for the work.
1.3. It is forbidden to load the scaffolding flooring with materials and products, the weight of which exceeds the permissible weight according to the scaffolding passport - 150 kg / m.
1.4. The scaffolding must be grounded. As lightning rods, pipe sections with a length of at least 4 meters are used, which are connected to the end of the pipes of the outer upper racks.

2. Rules for the device and application
Attached frame scaffolding.
2.1. Before starting work on scaffolding, you must:
to install temporary fences along the border of the danger zone for the period of installation, operation and dismantling of the scaffolding. The limits of the danger zone are established in accordance with SNiP 12-04-2002 "Labor safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production, p.10 ", and its boundaries are taken from the outer row of forests;
deliver to the place of installation, repaired and completed, according to the specification, elements of the scaffolding;
to clear and plan, taking into account the allotment surface waters, stripes 2.5 m wide along the entire length of the facade. In the case of bulk soil, the strip must be compacted, and, if necessary, a base made of road slabs according to the project.
2.2. Installation of scaffolding is carried out according to the installation diagrams of the project, which indicate the beginning and direction of installation. The scaffolding should be erected from the corner of the building.
2.3. The scaffolding should be erected according to the tiers specified in the project.
2.4. Scaffolding erection and dismantling works shall be performed by a team of locksmiths, assemblers, consisting of 4 people, including:
1 person - 4 bits;
2 persons - 3 bits;
1 person - 2 bit
Work should be carried out in one shift during daylight hours.
2.5. Installation of scaffolds with different configurations of buildings is carried out in technological sequence including:
marking of places for drilling holes for anchors and places for installing support pads;
the layout of the plank pads perpendicular to the facade of the building according to the markings, the cross-sectional size and length of the pads are taken in accordance with the project (with a pads thickness of at least 50 mm);
installation of support feet and screw supports on the lining. The distance from the wall to the axis of the inner row of support feet and between the rows of support feet must correspond to the design. The support heel is fixed to the lining with nails or crutches;
arrangement of holes for the installation of anchors. On facades, the main part of which is stained-glass windows, the scaffold attachment points can be adjusted in place, reflecting changes in the project.
The scaffolding is installed in the following sequence:
- Stage 1. On the prepared site, install wooden spacers and thrust bearings, jacks if necessary. The footrests must be in the same horizontal plane.
- Stage 2. Install two adjacent frames of the first tier on the thrust bearings, connect them with horizontals and diagonals. After a step of 2 m (3 m), install other adjacent frames and also connect them. Repeat this operation until the required length is set.
- Stage 3. Install decks on the first tier of two adjacent sections on the right and left sides of the scaffolding.
- Stage 4. Install the frames of the second tier, connect them with horizontal and diagonal ties.
- Stage 5. Install decking on the second tier of the first two adjacent sections on the right and left sides of the scaffolding.
- 6 stage. Fasten the scaffolds to the wall with plugs or hooks with bushings using anchor brackets.
- 7 stage. By repeating these steps, gain the required height of the scaffolding.
- Stage 8. Install fences on the working tier.
Install scaffolding frames on a plumb line. Install the frames and fix the scaffolds to the wall simultaneously with the installation of the scaffolds.
Laying of decking and installation of fences should be done at the same time.
Dismantling of scaffolding is allowed only after cleaning the remains of materials, inventory and tools from the flooring.
Before starting the installation, the contractor is obliged to inspect and instruct workers on the sequence and methods of disassembly, as well as on measures to ensure the safety of work.
Dismantling of the scaffolding should be started from the top tier in the reverse order of installation.
Lifting of scaffolding elements with a winch.
2.6. Lightning rods are installed after the scaffolding is installed at a height of 8 m and then, as the scaffolding grows, they are rearranged to the overlying tiers each time, tightly attaching them to the lightning rods, should correspond to the project.
2.7. Dismantling of scaffolds should be carried out under the supervision of a person responsible for the performance of work in compliance with the rules for erection and dismantling of scaffolds and compliance of the scaffolding with the project.
2.8. Start dismantling only after all materials, inventory, tools have been removed from the scaffolding and flooring.
2.9. Before disassembly begins, the responsible assembly manager must inspect the scaffolding and familiarize the workers with the sequence and method of disassembly, and measures to ensure the safety of work.
2.10. All doorways on the first floor in the scaffolding area must be protected and the passageways fully fenced.
2.11. After the dismantling of the upper tier is completed, the workers move to the tier (temporarily pawing on it) and finish disassembling the frame of the overlying tier, removing the transverse and longitudinal ties. In this case, the clamps are released only from the racks, remaining fixed on the crossbars, ties and other elements of the scaffolding.
2.12. Elements of the scaffolding with the help of blocks and hemp ropes go down. Dropping individual elements of the scaffolding from a height is strictly prohibited. Small items are placed in special boxes before going down.
2.13. When dismantling the scaffolding, contact of tubular elements with electric wires is not allowed.
2.14. The scheme of attaching the scaffolds to the facade of the building should be agreed with the scaffold manufacturer.
2.15. Places of scaffolding and cantilever beams (elevation +60.300) on the building structure should be agreed with the designers.
2.16. When installing scaffolds on the cantilever sections of the building, re-support the scaffolding racks according to a separate project.

The sequence of scaffolding at the facility
The project provides for 3 stages of scaffolding:
1st stage
Erection of scaffolding along two facades of the building up to +60.300. Install the scaffolding on the building structure (erected at the time of scaffolding installation) in accordance with the passport. Scaffolding installation sites must be agreed with the building designers.
2nd stage
Dismantling of scaffolding in the areas of the first stage and their installation on the 3rd facade to the entire height of the building. Install the scaffolding on the building structure (erected at the time of scaffolding installation) in accordance with the passport. Scaffolding installation sites must be agreed with the building designers. Before starting the installation of the scaffolding above the +60.300 mark, it is necessary to install the cantilever beams (the design, dimensions and calculation of the beams should be performed according to a separate project).
Connect the frame scaffolding to each other (in the places indicated in the project) with the elements of the clamp scaffolds with the device of the flooring and railing of the fence according to the scheme sheet No. 9 and the passport for the clamp scaffolds. Connection sections frame scaffolding use only for the passage of personnel on workplace... It is forbidden to accumulate people and store materials on the flooring, arranged on the elements of the clamp scaffolding.
3rd stage
Dismantling of scaffolding in the sections of the second stage and their installation on two facades of the first stage, above the +60.300 mark. Before starting the installation of the scaffolding above the +60.300 mark, it is necessary to install the cantilever beams (the design, dimensions and calculation of the beams should be performed according to a separate project). Scaffolding installation sites must be agreed with the building designers.
Connect the frame scaffolding to each other (in the places indicated in the project) with the elements of the clamp scaffolds with the device of the flooring and railing of the fence according to the scheme sheet No. 9 and the passport for the clamp scaffolds. Areas of connection of frame scaffolds should be used only for the passage of personnel to the workplace. It is forbidden to accumulate people and store materials on the flooring, arranged on the elements of the clamp scaffolding.

3. Requirements for the complete delivery of scaffolding elements
3.1. Each batch of scaffolds, consisting of a set of elements, is sent to the consumer in full and is accompanied by the manufacturer's passport, the certificate of acceptance of the Quality Control Department and the packaging specification, which indicates the number and weight of the elements sent by brands.
3.2. Large parts of the scaffolding are sent from the manufacturer without packaging, with wire in bundles weighing no more than 80 kg. Attached to each pack indicating the brand and the number of items in the pack. Small parts are sent in containers.
3.3. Scaffolding elements, sorted by brand, are stored indoors or on outdoors on pads under a canopy, without touching the ground. Fasteners are stored preserved in closed boxes weighing no more than 60 kg.
3.4. Before being sent to the site, the scaffolds are completed with all standard and atypical elements according to the scaffolding project specifications for a particular site. Scaffolding is completed with rejection of scaffolding elements that do not meet regulatory tolerances.
3.5. When completing, the following regulatory tolerances and requirements are observed:
all wooden elements scaffolding, including deck boards, handrails, side boards, are treated with deep impregnation with fire retardants;
the geometrical dimensions of the deck boards, the cross-sections and the location of the stitching strips must correspond to the project;
deviations from the design length of the scaffolding elements should not exceed +2 mm in the elements, and ± 3 mm in the remaining elements.
3.6. Installation, dismantling and operation of inventory scaffolding should be carried out by a specialized subdivision (site), whose responsibilities include:
storage, repair of inventory scaffolding elements;
production of atypical parts;
completing scaffolding according to the specification as part of the scaffolding project for a specific object (table 4);
installation and dismantling of scaffolding;
control over the state of forests during operation, mounted forests.

4. Ensuring the quality of scaffolding
4.1. The required quality and reliability of the device and operation of the scaffolding must be ensured by construction organizations through the implementation of a set of technical and organizational measures in accordance with the requirements of GOST 27321-87 "Rack scaffolds for construction and installation works", SNiP 12-01-2004 "Organization of construction".
4.2. Production quality control of scaffolding should include incoming quality control of scaffolding elements, operational control of individual assembly processes or operations and acceptance control of the assembled scaffolding.
4.3. At input control scaffolding elements are checked for completeness and compliance with the requirements of standards, as well as the presence and content of passports, certificates and other accompanying documents.
4.4. During operational control, compliance with the technology for assembling scaffolding elements, compliance of the scaffolding arrangement with working drawings is checked, building codes, rules and standards.
4.5. During acceptance control, the required quality of the assembled scaffolds, prepared for operation, is checked.
4.6. When accepting scaffolds for operation, the following is checked:
compliance of the assembled frame with wiring diagrams;
correct assembly of units and compliance of scaffolding with the project;
the correctness and reliability of the support of the scaffolding on the foundation;
correct installation and fastening of fencing and flooring;
the presence of diagonal ties and the correctness of their location;
ensuring the safety of forests from possible blows vehicles;
ensuring the drainage of water from forests;
observance of the verticality of the installation and the reliability of fastening the scaffolds to the wall;
acceptance of scaffolds should be carried out under design load located on the working deck of the upper tier. The magnitude of the load and its location must correspond to the load scheme adopted in the scaffolding design.
4.7. The surface of the soil on which the scaffolding is installed must be planned, compacted and surface water must be removed from it.
4.8. During operation, systematic monitoring of the condition of all connections, wall mountings, decking and fences should be carried out. To do this, every day before the start of the forest change, they are examined by a foreman or foreman, management work executed from these forests. At least once every 10 days, the condition of the scaffolding should be checked by representatives of the construction organization, fixing the noticed defects.
4.9. In all cases of detecting deformations of scaffolding elements, violation of stability and other defects, work with scaffolds must be stopped until the scaffolding is corrected and re-accepted.

5. Safety solutions
5.1. Persons who are at least 18 years old, who are medically fit to perform these works, who have been trained and instructed in accordance with the established procedure and the corresponding certificate, are allowed to work at heights during the installation and operation of paving equipment. Persons admitted to work for the first time must work for a year under the direct supervision of a more experienced worker.
5.2. Before starting work on the installation of scaffolds, workers must receive a permit for the production of these works for the period necessary to complete the entire volume of work.
5.3. The mass of scaffolding assembly elements per worker (at hand-assembled means of paving) at a construction site, should not exceed 25 kg - during installation and dismantling (means of paving) at a height and 50 kg - when arranging them on the ground.
5.4. Scaffolding should be equipped with ladders or ladders for lifting and lowering people, located at a distance of no more than 40 m from each other, and for scaffolding less than 40 m in length, at least two ladders or ladders should be installed. The upper ends of ladders or ladders must be attached to the scaffold crossbars and the openings in the scaffolding flooring for exiting the stairs must be fenced on three sides. The angle of inclination of the stairs to the horizon should not exceed 60 °, and the angle of ladders should not be more than 1: 3.
5.5. The working platform on the side of the outer row of scaffolds must have a fence. The height of the fence from the level of the base of the fence to the top of the horizontal element must be at least 1.0 m.
The distance between horizontal elements in the vertical plane should not be more than 0.45 m, between the posts should not be more than 2 m. Fences and railings of the scaffolding must withstand a concentrated load equal to 40 kg applied horizontally or vertically anywhere along the length of the rail.
5.6. In places of passage to the building, the scaffolding must have protective canopies and side solid sheathing to protect people from falling from above various subjects, moreover, the protective visor should protrude beyond the scaffolding by at least 15 m and be installed at an angle of 15-20 ° to the horizon. The height of the passages must be at least 1.8 m.
5.7. Scaffolding should be equipped with lightning protection devices and lightning conductors, consisting of a lightning rod, down conductor and grounding. The distance between the lightning rods should not exceed 20 m, and the grounding resistance should not exceed 15 ohms.
5.8. The scaffolding must be securely anchored to the walls of buildings along the entire height in accordance with the fastening schemes.
5.9. It is prohibited to fasten the scaffolding to parapets, cornices, pipes, balconies and other protruding parts. If the attachment points of the scaffolding racks coincide with the openings in the wall, the scaffolding should be fastened to the inside of the building through the openings by means of devices.
5.10. When working at heights, workers should be provided with safety belts for fastening to reliable parts of the building or scaffold posts in accordance with the instructions of the engineer and technical worker supervising the installation of the scaffolding.
Workers - assemblers must be provided with overalls, safety footwear, tested safety belts, ropes, helmets, etc. individual protection.
5.11. During the installation of the scaffolding, the following must be provided:
strength and reliability of structures;
safe conditions work during installation and operation;
stability during installation and operation;
fences and individual means protection, excluding the possibility of falling workers and materials from a height;
safe transportation of materials.
5.12. When installing (dismantling) scaffolding, it is prohibited:
admission of people to the area where the scaffolding is being installed or dismantled.
congestion of people on scaffolding, more than 3 people in one place;
dumping of scaffolding elements during their dismantling.
5.13. Scaffolding decks located above 1.0 m from the ground level must be fenced. The fence consists of a handrail located at a height of at least 1.0 m from the working floor, one intermediate horizontal element and a side board with a height of at least 15 cm. The gap between the floor boards should be no more than 5 mm.
5.14. The gap between the wall of the existing building and the working deck of the installed scaffolding should not exceed the passport values.
5.15. After the completion of the installation of each tier of scaffolds, before starting work with them, their correctness and quality of installation is checked by inspecting the entire structure.
5.16. The scaffolding acceptance act is approved by the chief engineer of the organization. Until the confirmation of the act, it is not allowed to work from the scaffolding.
5.17. On the scaffolding, posters with load placement schemes and their permissible values ​​should be posted.
5.18. Dismantling of the scaffolding can only be started after all work on the scaffolding is completed and all materials, inventory, tools and construction waste have been removed from the scaffolding.
5.19. During the dismantling of the scaffolding, all doorways on the ground floor and balconies must be closed.
5.20. The work area for dismantling works must be fenced and have warning signs and inscriptions.
5.21. When operating scaffolds, it is necessary to be guided by the requirements of the Fire Safety Rules in the production of construction and installation works and the Main Directorate fire department.
5.22. The working scaffold deck must have the following primary fire extinguishing equipment:
- for every 20 m of the working floor - 1 fire extinguisher.
- buckets - at least 4 pcs. on the entire flooring.
5.23. For fire safety purposes, except staircase on the scaffolding, emergency exits from the working floor to the room through the openings should be provided.
5.24. In addition to the solutions listed in this section, the construction and operation of scaffolds must comply with the requirements of SNiP 12-03-2001 "Labor safety in construction", part 1. General requirements; SNiP 12-04-2002 "Labor safety in construction" part 2. Construction production.

Sheet 1
Scaffolding plan

Sheet 2
Scaffolding plan at elevation +60, 300

Sheet 3
Scaffolding along the "PA" facade

	Symbols
	Frame scaffolding
	Stairs

Sheet 4
Scaffolding along the facade "А-А / 1"

	Symbols
	Fastening with anchoring bracket with clamp (see sheet 9)
	Attachment points of scaffolding to columns
	Scaffolding attachment points to ceilings
	Frame scaffolding
	Stairs
	Joints of frame scaffolds with clamp scaffolding elements

Sheet 5
Scaffolding on the facade "A / 1-P"

	Symbols
	Fastening with anchoring bracket with clamp (see sheet 9)
	Attachment points of scaffolding to columns
	Scaffolding attachment points to ceilings
	Frame scaffolding
	Stairs
	Joints of frame scaffolds with clamp scaffolding elements

Sheet 6
Grounding diagram

up to +60.300

Scaffolding ground loop diagram

at around +60.300

Sheet 7
Sequence of mounting consoles

Sequence of mounting outboard consoles

5. Installers M1 and M2 tighten anchor bolts until it stops and check the reliability of their fastening. The rest of the cantilever beams are installed in the same way.	6. After the installation of the cantilever beams, the installers M1 and M2 install telescopic racks between them and the floor slab and reliably press the cantilever beams to the floor with the support.	7. After installing the telescopic racks, the M1 and M2 installers place them on the cantilever cross-beams. For laying far from the floor crossbeam it is necessary to lay on the cantilever beams a flooring made of boards of thickness. 40 mm.

Sheet 8
Diagram of the device consoles

Console installation diagram

1-1

Sheet 9
Scheme of connection of frame scaffolds with elements of clamp scaffolds

Sheet 10
Nodes

Scheme of scaffolding with inventory plugs

1 - cross member (metal pipe); 2 - inventory stopper; 3 - outer wall; 4 - swivel clamp (fasten to the rack)

Lightning protection device

1 - lightning rod; 2 - clamp; 3 - strip; 4 - grounding pipe; 5 - scaffolding rack

Sheet 11
Specification

Specification

Facade A1-P (up to 60.300)

N	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	62
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	578
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	64
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	480
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	480
6	Decking area	m	1440
7	Forest area	m	2880
8	Rigeli	PC.	960
9	Support heel	PC.	44
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	1536
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	768

Specification

Facade A1-P (above the mark 60.300)

N	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	38
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	362
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	40
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	300
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	300
6	Decking area	m	900
7	Forest area	m	1800
8	Rigeli	PC.	600
9	Support heel	PC.	44
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	960
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	480

Specification

Facade А-А1 (up to the mark 60.300)

N	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	58
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	542
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	60
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	450
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	450
6	Decking area	m	1350
7	Forest area	m	2700
8	Rigeli	PC.	900
9	Support heel	PC.	44
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	1440
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	720

Specification

Facade А-А1 (above the mark 60.300)

N	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	38
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	362
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	40
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	300
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	300
6	Decking area	m	900
7	Forest area	m	1800
8	Rigeli	PC.	600
9	Support heel	PC.	44
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	960
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	480

Specification

Facade PA(up to the level of 60.300)

N pp	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	53
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	344
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	108
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	365
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	365
6	Decking area	m	1095
7	Forest area	m	2190
8	Rigeli	PC.	730
9	Support heel	PC.	36
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	680
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	340

Specification

Facade П-А (above the mark 60.300)

N	Name	Units	Quantity (For 3m step)
1	Frame with ladder	PC.	38
2	Frame without ladder	PC.	242
3	Frame with end guard	PC.	80
4	Horizontal ties	PC.	260
5	Diagonal ties	PC.	260
6	Decking area	m	780
7	Forest area	m	1560
8	Rigeli	PC.	520
9	Support heel	PC.	36
10	Swivel clamp	PC.	480
11	Clamp coupler	PC.	240

In our company, you can order PPR for installation scaffolding and scaffolds; we always meet deadlines, and our specialists have extensive experience in the design of PPR.

PPR for the installation of scaffolding is a package of documents that includes diagrams and technological instructions for the implementation of various processes at the facility being built / repaired. Scaffolds are auxiliary structures with the help of which facade, assembly and other hazardous work on high. Therefore, the preparation of PPR for their installation is a mandatory measure that regulates the procedure for carrying out all engineering work, sets the construction time, and also describes existing risks and methods of ensuring safety at the construction site.

The cost of preparing a project for PPR for forests - from 30,000 rubles

The financial issue of the development of project documentation depends on the characteristics of the initial data and wishes that the customer will indicate in the terms of reference. The main factors affecting the cost:

• TEP (technical and economic indicators);
• the complexity of installation processes (difficult construction, a large number of floors, the presence of overhanging or protruding parts of the structure, the need for the arrangement of multi-post scaffolding, etc.);
• development urgency requirements.

Starting information for the project

When drawing up a PPR for the installation of scaffolding, the type of development, as well as the specifics of the planned work, are taken into account. The design of this auxiliary device includes many tiers and sections for organizing several workplaces at once at a height, located both in the vertical and in the horizontal plane. Scaffolding is indispensable for the construction and reconstruction of multi-storey buildings. The most functional is the rack-mount attached type of scaffolding, which is used for:

• stone and facing masonry using small-sized materials (bricks, small-sized blocks, etc.);
• repair and insulation works;
• reconstruction of facades;
• painting, plastering and other finishing processes.

The choice of the type of scaffolding is carried out based on technical characteristics of the serviced object and economic feasibility... The main parameters of auxiliary structures are their maximum height and the permissible level of load on the deck. In the PPR for forests, it is also mandatory to indicate:

• the number of used mounting elements;
• permissible weight of individual parts of the structure;
• cost of work;
• labor intensity of installation.

Documents for PPR

PPR for scaffolding is created on the basis of the available working documentation. The effectiveness of installation work depends on the correct preparation of the project and safe operation auxiliary structures. To start creating a PPR, the following documents are required:

• terms of reference from the customer;
• POS (construction organization project);
• data on the layout of the building and the characteristics of the facade;
• site plan with its topographic and engineering parameters.

PPR sections

To install scaffolding, the project for the production of work must be coordinated with the relevant authorities. PPR includes the following mandatory sections:

• scheduling;
• construction master plan;
• technical maps of work on the installation of scaffolding;
• safety standards and labor protection;
• basic instructions for the production of work;
• measures for industrial safety and environmental protection.

PPR for the installation of scaffolding includes a text and graphic part. The latter contains drawings and diagrams that accurately represent the stages of installation of auxiliary building structures. The developer indicates the areas for attaching the scaffolding to the building and hazardous areas where reliable fixation or safe location of workers is impossible. Composition of the graphic part:

• construction master plan;
• scaffolding installation plan;
• facade diagrams with marked fastening points of structures.

The text part is an explanatory note that regulates:

• standards for the installation and dismantling of construction forests;
• organizational and technological parameters of work performance;
• requirements for the quality and acceptance of works;
• safety and labor protection rules at the facility;
• a list of the necessary inventory, tools, special devices and means of mechanization.

Thanks to the vast experience in this area, our company guarantees the prompt preparation of PPR for the device of scaffolding and scaffolds in full compliance with existing standards.

MDS 12-57.2010

Moscow 2010

INTRODUCTION

In the megalopolises of Russia, there is an increase in the volume of construction of high-rise (from 30 floors and above) monolithic reinforced concrete residential and public buildings. The facades of these buildings are made using scaffolding various jobs: finishing, insulation and others.

Scaffolding is applicable for buildings with a variety of architectural, planning and design parameters, configuration, height and length.

Forests are indispensable in the cramped conditions of urban development, where they are used as universal remedy scaffolding, as well as for placement building materials and facade structures.

The labor intensity of scaffolding installation does not exceed, as a rule, 0.6 man-hours per 1 m 2 of the façade area.

Projects for the production of work for the installation of scaffoldings are part of the main organizational and technological documents for construction and are in demand by local state supervision authorities when issuing permits for construction work.

The document applies directly to the installation of the most widely used scaffolding, manufactured according to technical specifications GOST 27321-87. In the present project for the production of works, tubular, yoke scaffolding was used, the racks of which are joined with the help of branch pipes.

The work production project consists of text and graphic parts. The graphic part is represented by diagrams of nodes, the sequence of installation, fastening the scaffolds to the wall, supporting the scaffolding on the floor of the building.

This methodological document is intended to assist design, engineering and construction organizations in the development of a project for the production of works for the installation of high-rise scaffolding.

The methodological document is based on the results of the work of ZAO TsNIIOMTP and other design and technological institutes, as well as a generalization practical experience erection of scaffoldings for LLC "REMSTROYSERVIS-R" and other Moscow construction organizations.

1 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE BUILDING AND SCAFFOLDING

The residential building is monolithic reinforced concrete in terms of its complex shape with rectangular and oval outlines of the walls, overall dimensions: length along the facade is not less than 50 m, width - 30 m, height - up to 160 m. Thickness of walls and interfloor floors - not less than 200 mm, window and other openings allow mounting support devices in them for installing scaffolding at a height.

The project for the production of work on the installation of scaffolding was developed on the basis of a contract, terms of reference and the submitted initial data. As part of the terms of reference and initial data: working documentation for construction works on the facade, passport and instructions for the installation of scaffolding, drawings for the building (in the amount necessary for the installation of scaffolding).

This project for the production of works was developed with the following initial data.

Clamp scaffolding design - inventory, lightweight, collapsible, reusable. The scaffolding turnover is at least 60 times, and the service life is at least 5 years.

Scaffolding, for example: LSPKh-200-60 by Metakon, rack-mounted attachment yokes in accordance with GOST 27321. The step of the tier in height is 2 m, the step of the racks along the wall is 2.5 m, the width of the passage between the racks is 1.25 m. decking can be laid on all tiers at the same time. The rated load is not more than 200 kgf / m 2. Maximum height forests - 60 m.

The scaffolds are assembled from tubular elements - posts and half-posts with a diameter of 60 mm, installed in support shoes with wooden lining, from longitudinal ties with a diameter of 48 mm, connected to the posts using clamps, crossbars, fastening the scaffolding to the wall using metal or polymer plugs (dowels) ... On the extreme sections of the scaffolding, diagonal ties are established with the help of swivel clamps.

Racks and half-racks are joined by means of branch pipes.

The ties are connected to each other using bolts.

The plugs are inserted into the holes drilled in the wall. Hooks are screwed into the plugs, while the plugs are wedged. The eyelets of the crossbars are put on the hooks, after which the crossbars are fastened with clamps to the uprights.

The non-swiveling clamp connects the posts and semi-posts with crossbars and handrails at right angles. The swivel clamp connects racks with diagonal ties at an acute or obtuse angle.

The outer rows of the racks are fastened through one tier in height, the inner rows of the racks are fixed in a checkerboard pattern through two tiers in height and through two racks horizontally.

When using scaffolding in accordance with GOST 27321, for example, type LSPH-200-60 from Metakon, a number of measures justified by calculations are performed for installation on high-rise buildings that are not provided for by the manufacturer.

To increase the bearing capacity of high-rise scaffolding, so-called double racks are used from a pipe with an outer diameter of 60 mm, which are the main element of high-rise scaffolding and the main condition for the installation of standard scaffolds on high-rise buildings. The bearing capacity of the rack should be checked by calculation, the load on the rack should not exceed 3 tf. The actual load on the most loaded racks should be selectively determined experimentally, using devices, for example, special scales, and recorded in the work log.

In addition to this main, the following events are also held.

So, the standard load on forests is not set at 200 kgf / m 2, but reduced, for example, no more than 100 kgf / m 2.

To reduce the load on the scaffolding, according to the calculation, the number of working and protective decks is reduced. In this case, the flooring boards can not be stacked on all tiers at the same time, but in turn and in disarray.

Depending on local conditions, it may be necessary to change the spacing of the posts along the wall: for example, not 2.5 m, but 2.6 m or 2.4 m.

The width of the passage between the posts can be taken not 1.25 m, but, for example, 1.31 m.

The scheme of fastening the scaffolds to the wall, specified in the manufacturer's instructions for use, can be changed.

The scaffolding can be mounted not on an unpaved site (without or with asphalt concrete pavement), but at a height - on support devices made of cantilever beams.

With simple architectural and construction solutions of the building, one or two of the above activities are carried out. Modern architectural and construction solutions of the building are complex, which requires the development of almost all or all of the above measures and their corresponding reflection in the project for the production of work on the installation of scaffolding.

All these measures, as it was said, must be justified by calculations and agreed with the manufacturer.

The implementation of the above measures allows you to apply various schemes for the installation of high-rise scaffolding, depending on the configuration of the walls, the height of the building and other local conditions.

The draft contains provisions on the organization and technology of scaffolding erection, requirements for the quality and acceptance of work, the need for mechanization means, tools, inventory and devices is determined, the requirements for safety and labor protection are indicated.

During the development of the project, the normative, methodological and reference documents indicated in the List of used documents were used.

2 LIST OF DOCUMENTS USED

SNiP 3.03.01-87. Bearing and enclosing structures.

SNiP 12-01-2004. Organization of construction.

SNiP 12-03-2001. Labor safety in construction. Part 1. General requirements.

SNiP 12-04-2002. Labor safety in construction. Part 2. Construction production.

GOST 12.1.004-91. SSBT. Fire safety... General requirements.

GOST 12.1.019-79. SSBT. Electrical safety. General requirements and nomenclature of types of protection.

GOST 12.1.030-81. SSBT. Electrical safety. Protective grounding, neutral grounding.

GOST 12.1.046-85. SSBT. Building. Lighting standards construction sites.

GOST 12.4.011-89. SSBT. Protective equipment for workers. General requirements and classification.

GOST R 12.4.026-2001. SSBT. Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings.

GOST 12.4.059-89. SSBT. Building. Inventory protective fences. General technical conditions.

GOST 7502-98. Metal measuring tape. Technical conditions.

GOST 7948-80. Steel construction plumb lines. Technical conditions.

GOST 8240-97. Hot-rolled steel channels. Range.

GOST 23407-78. Inventory fences for construction sites and construction and installation work sites. Technical conditions.

GOST 24258-88. Scaffolding tools. General technical conditions.

GOST 26887-86. Platforms and stairs for construction and installation work. General technical conditions.

GOST 27321-87. Rack scaffolding for construction and installation works. Technical conditions.

PPB-01-03. Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation.

POT R M-016-2001. Interindustry rules on labor protection (safety rules) during the operation of electrical installations.

MDS 12-25.2006. Scaffolding. Installation, calculation, operation. - M .: JSC "TsPP", 2006.

MDS 12-41.2008. Mounting equipment for temporary fastening of prefabricated elements of erected and dismantled buildings. - M .: JSC "TsPP", 2008.

3 ORGANIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY OF WORK PERFORMANCE

3.1 Preparatory work

3.1.1 Before the start of installation work, preparatory work is carried out:

The scaffolding installation area (as well as approaches to it and nearby territories) is exempted from building structures, materials, mechanisms and construction waste and is fenced in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 12-03. Fences must meet the requirements of GOST 23407; warning signs are installed in accordance with GOST R 12.4.026;

The assembly workers are instructed on the procedure, techniques and rules for assembling and fastening the scaffolds to the wall.

The plan of the scaffolding installation area is given in the project for the production of works on sheets, as a rule, of the A2 (420 × 594) or A3 (297 × 420) format. In fig. 1 shows as an example a fragment of the plan of the scaffold erection zone on the plot corresponding to the factory set of scaffolds. The symbols for RD-11-06 show forests, the border of the danger zone when an object falls from the forest layer, temporary fence installation areas.

The boundary of the dangerous zone is established by calculation according to RD-11-06, depending on the height of the scaffolding tier.

SYMBOLS:

Rice. one

3.1.2 Inspection, control and technical condition assessment are carried out component parts mounted scaffolding. Damaged components must be discarded.

The component parts sorted by detail are laid along the walls.

3.1.3 Preparation for work, installation and start-up are performed lifting mechanisms(roof crane, jib crane, winch) for lifting and lowering scaffolding components. These works are carried out in accordance with the instructions of the lifting equipment manufacturers.

3.1.4 Preparation of mechanization equipment (hand-held drilling machines, perforators, rammers, etc.) and tools is carried out, their completeness and readiness for work are checked.

3.1.5 To support the scaffolding along the facade, a site with a width of at least 3 m with an asphalt concrete surface or a planned and compacted unpaved site is prepared. The bearing capacity of the sites is checked by calculation. Water drainage should be arranged from the site. If the soil is wet, then compaction is carried out with crushed stone, broken brick, concrete.

If there is a difference in height, then the area under the scaffolding along the facade is aligned horizontally in the longitudinal and transverse directions. To level the height difference, standard concrete slabs and boards with a thickness of at least 40 - 50 mm can be used.

3.1.6 The marking of the installation points of the anchor plugs on the wall of the building is carried out in accordance with the working drawing on the wall or "in place".

On the initial stage determine the lighthouse points of the wall marking so that the points do not coincide with the window openings. If the attachment point coincides with the opening in the wall, the scaffolding is attached to the supporting structures (walls, columns, ceilings) from the inside of the building using fasteners and fixtures; it is not allowed to fasten the scaffolding to balconies, cornices, parapets.

The distance of the installation point of the anchor plug to the opening must be at least 150 - 200 mm. The horizontality of the extreme points is determined using a level, the points are marked with indelible paint. At the two extreme points using laser level and a tape measure, determine and mark with paint the intermediate points of the installation of the anchor plugs. Then, at the extreme points horizontal line define the vertical lines. Mark the installation points of the anchor plugs on the extreme vertical lines with indelible paint.

3.2 Main works

3.2.1 Installation work from the zero mark is carried out with grippers, taking into account, as a rule, the use of one set of scaffolds for gripping, supplied by the manufacturer. The volume of capture is usually set no more than 50 m along the facade of the building and no higher than 60 m.When erecting scaffolding from a mark of 60 m and higher, the height of the capture is taken to be no higher than 20 m.

To speed up the erection of scaffolds (in the presence of several sets of scaffolds), work can be carried out with several parallel grabs.

Independent parallel grabbing can be organized when the scaffolding is mounted on a support device made of cantilever beams, which is installed on an interfloor ceiling at a height of, as a rule, above 60 m.

3.2.2 When using double racks up to a height of 80 m, and higher - single scaffolds are mounted at a height of up to 160 m. The distance between double racks is taken, as a rule, 300 mm (Fig. 2).

If the configuration of the wall does not allow the application of such a scheme, then the scaffolding is installed on the above supporting devices on the floor of the building. In this case, the height of the capture is taken to be no higher than 20 m.

Rice. 2

3.2.3 The scaffolding is erected, according to the manufacturer's instructions, in tiers for the length of the grip.

The technological process of installation consists of assembling the first, second, third and other tiers, attaching the scaffolding to the building and mounting support devices at a height.

3.2.4 Scaffolding tiers are assembled as follows. Shoes with screw height adjustment are installed on a prepared, horizontal platform (see Section 3.1).

The height difference in the direction along the wall is leveled by laying concrete slabs and board linings.

Under the shoes of each pair of racks, a board lining with a thickness of at least 40-50 mm is laid in the transverse direction. The installation of the shoes is shown in Fig. 3, a.

The assembly of the main parts of the tiers is carried out in the following sequence.

Double racks of the inner and outer rows of scaffolds are installed in the shoes (Fig. 3, b).

Transverse and longitudinal ties are installed on the inner and outer rows of racks for the supports of the first assembly tier (Fig. 3, c).

At each rack, shields are laid on the longitudinal supports-supports of the first assembly tier.

From the platforms of the first assembly tier, longitudinal ties of the first working tier are installed and holes for plugs (dowels) are drilled in the wall for fastening the cross ties of the first working tier.

Plugs (dowels) are inserted into the holes and the cross ties are attached to the wall.

From the platforms of the first erection tier, fences of the first working tier are installed, corner posts are built up, the boards of the erection tier are shifted to the flooring of the first tier. The flooring is equipped with a side railing with a height of 150 mm.

The racks are built up from the flooring of the first tier, the second assembly tier is installed, from which the second working tier is assembled.

The assembly operations for subsequent tiers are repeated.

Rice. 3

3.2.5 Fastening of the scaffolding to the building is carried out to a reinforced concrete wall with a thickness of at least 200 mm using factory metal plugs or polymer dowels and through openings (window, door, balcony).

Fastening of scaffolds with dowels is shown in fig. 4.

Rice. 4

Dowels, for example, type MGD 14 × 100, with a MUNGO MGV 12 × 350 bolt with a ring, are fixed in the wall after four meters in a staggered manner according to the intended attachment points. The diameter and depth of the hole in the wall must correspond to the values ​​specified in the manufacturer's instructions.

The strength of fixing the dowels in the wall is checked by calculation and must be tested selectively using a device (device) for pulling the plug out of the wall. The pull-out force from concrete must be ensured at least 300 kgf.

If a hole is drilled in the wrong place by mistake and a new one needs to be drilled, then the latter must be at least one depth away from the wrong one. drilled hole... This rule is not necessary if the wrong hole is pre-concreted or filled with a polymer composition of the same strength.

The holes are cleaned from drilling waste (dust) with compressed air.

The dowel is inserted into the prepared hole and knocked out with an assembly hammer.

The fastening of the scaffolding to the wall through the window opening is shown in Fig. 5.

Rice. 5

The inventory fastening device is made, as a rule, from the same tubular elements as the scaffolding.

The elongated transverse ties of the scaffolds are brought into the opening, then longitudinal pipes are laid on them end-to-end against the wall. Fastening of ties and pipes is carried out using clamps or in another way.

3.2.6 The support device is mounted at a height from two cantilever beams and spacers. The beams are laid on the floor through sheet metal lining so that the length of their cantilever part allows the scaffolding to be installed at a distance of 600 mm from the wall to the axis of the inner pillar. Then, posts with screw mechanisms are installed on opposite ends of the beams. The upper supports of the uprights with wooden spacers are brought to the ceiling. With the help of screw mechanisms with a tightening torque of at least 5 kgf m, the racks are abutted against the ceiling and beams, pressing them against the ceiling and at the same time fixing the support device in the opening.

To fasten the scaffolding to the support device, hinges welded to the beams are used.

As cantilever beams, channel according to GOST 8240 is most often used. Channel number (from No. 12 and more) is selected by calculation depending on the load from the scaffolding, which is determined by direct summation of the weight of the scaffold parts (no more than 20 m high) and the working load. The weight of the cantilever beam should not exceed 140 - 150 kgf, provided that the team of installers performs the installation operations manually. Therefore, the number of the channel must correspond to the minimum allowable safety factor of the cantilever beam.

Telescopic mounting posts with a screw mechanism for adjusting the height of the supports are used for the spacer posts. The main parameters of the racks: height up to 3100 mm, thrust force from 3000 to 5000 kgf (see MDS 12-41).

The values ​​of the spacer forces from the racks transmitted to the interfloor floors should be determined by calculation and selectively verified experimentally. The values ​​and places of application of these forces from the racks must be agreed with the organization - the building designer and entered in the work log. If it is necessary to temporarily reinforce the floors, mounting telescopic racks are installed on the underlying floors.

3.2.7 The lifting of the scaffolding components to the mounting horizon is carried out using winches installed on the ground, roof cranes and jib cranes installed on the floors in the openings of buildings.

In this case, the speed of movement of the cargo rope must be at least 50 m / min. To eliminate dynamic loads during acceleration and deceleration of the load, the speed of movement of the load rope should have a smooth frequency control.

Rice. 6

Dismantling of the scaffolding for their rearrangement to a new grip is carried out in the reverse order of their installation, that is, starting from the upper tier. Remains of building materials, inventory and tools are removed from the flooring. Descent of the dismantled scaffolding components is carried out using the above winches and cranes.

4 REQUIREMENTS FOR QUALITY AND ACCEPTANCE OF WORKS

4.1 The quality of scaffolding erection is ensured by the current control of technological operations of preparatory and main works, as well as during the acceptance of works. Based on the results of the current control of technological operations, inspection reports are drawn up hidden works: for the strength of fastening plugs for scaffold anchors in the wall, for the stability and strength of fastening of the scaffold support devices at a height.

4.2 In progress preparatory work check:

The readiness of the wall and structural elements of the building, means of mechanization and tools for installation work;

Condition of scaffolding parts (dimensions, absence of dents, bends and other defects in scaffolding parts);

The condition of the parts of the supporting devices (no defects in the cantilever beams and racks, the reliability of the loops of the beams);

Smoothness and strength of the base points on which the shoes are installed.

4.3 During installation work, check:

Accuracy of wall markings;

Correct and reliable installation of scaffolding shoes on the base;

Diameter, depth and cleanliness of holes for anchor plugs;

The strength of the anchors;

The verticality of the racks and the horizontalness of the ties, scaffolding flooring.

The scaffolding horizontality in the longitudinal and transverse directions is ensured by level, verticality - along the plumb line.

When assembling the scaffolds, it is necessary to ensure that the racks enter the branch pipes to the projected length.

When laying the flooring, the strength of the fastening and the absence of the possibility of movement are checked.

4.4 When accepting the work, the acceptance committee inspects the mounted scaffolding as a whole and especially carefully the attachment points and interfaces.

Scaffolding horizontality and verticality are checked using geodetic instruments.

Defects found during inspection are eliminated.

The scaffolding is subject to a standard load test for two hours in the presence of the acceptance committee. At the same time, their strength and stability, reliability of fastening to the wall and to supporting devices, flooring and fences, and grounding are assessed.

The railing must withstand a concentrated load of 70 kgf applied to them in the middle and perpendicularly.

Bearing horizontal ties must withstand a concentrated load of 130 kgf applied in the middle.

4.5 Acceptance of the assembled scaffolding is drawn up by an acceptance certificate. The certificate of acceptance of the work is accompanied by the certificate of inspection of the hidden work (according to clause 4.1).

4.6 The quality of scaffolding erection is assessed by the degree of compliance of the actual parameters and characteristics with the design ones specified in the design and normative-technical documentation.

The main controlled parameters and characteristics, methods of their measurement and evaluation are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

	Technological operations	Controlled parameter, characteristic	Allowed value, requirement	Control method and tool
	Marking extreme points horizontally	Accuracy of marking
	Marking extreme points vertically			Theodolite
	Marking intermediate attachment points			Level, plumb line, tape measure
	Drilling holes for anchor plugs (dowels)	Depth N	N= screw length + 10.0 mm
		Diameter D	D= screw diameter + 0.2mm	Depth gauge, internal gauge
		Distance to the opening, corner of the building	Not less than 150.0 mm
		Hole cleanliness	Dust free	Visually
	Installation of shoes	Board lining thickness		Metal ruler
	Assembling scaffolding sections and tiers	Deviation from verticality	± 1.0 mm at 2 m height	Plumb line, ruler
		Deviation from horizontal	± 1.0mm at 3m length	Level, ruler
		The gap between the building wall and the deck	No more than 150 mm
		Linear dimensions	Up to 50 m - ± 1%	Laser tape measure DISTO
	Fastening the scaffolds to the wall	Force pulling the anchor (dowel) out of the wall	Not less than 500 kgf	Force measuring device
	Laying the flooring	Gap between boards	No more than 5 mm
		Board ledges	No more than 3 mm
		Overlapping by joints of support flooring	Not less than 200 mm	Metal ruler
	Installing racks	Torque		Torque wrench
	Scaffolding grounding device	Earth resistance	No more than 15 Ohm	Tester Sch 4313

5 THE NEED FOR MECHANIZATION MEANS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES

The need for fixed means of mechanization, tools, inventory and fixtures is shown in Table 2.

table 2

	Name	Type, brand, GOST, drawing No., manufacturer	Technical specifications	Appointment
	Roof crane	Pioneer type, TEMZ CJSC	Lifting capacity 150 - 500 kg	Ascent and descent of scaffolding components, facade elements
	Winch with frequency regulation speed	LCHS-3 type	Traction force up to 250 kgf
	Plumb line, cord	OT400-1, GOST 7948 Three-strand nylon cord	Plumb bob weight no more than 0.4 kg, length 98 m. Cord length - 5 m, diameter - 3 mm	Layout of grips, check of verticality
	Laser level	BL 40 VHR SKB "Stroypribor"	Measurement accuracy 0.1 mm / m	Height measurement
	Laser level	BL 20 SKB "Stroypribor"		Checking horizontal planes
		Interskol DU 1000-ER	Power 1.0 kW, hole drilling diameter up to 25 mm	Drilling holes in the wall
	Device for measuring the load on the scaffold posts (scales)	Р20УЗК, GOST 7502	Measurement range 1.5 - 4.5 tf, weight 0.35 kg	Rack Load Control
	Torque wrench		Measurement range 3 - 8 kgf m, weight 3.5 kg	Checking the fastening strength of the scaffolding support devices
	A device for measuring the force of pulling out a plug (dowel)		Measurement limits 100 - 400 kgf. Dimensions: 1240 x 1200 x 175 mm. Weight - 7.8 kg	Control of the strength of scaffolding to the wall
	Fencing of the work site		Inventory	Work safety
	Protective mesh for scaffolding	Types 4.603; 4.504; 4.501.1 firms Apex, Vert or others	Made of polymer fibers	Protection against falling objects from a height

6 SAFETY AND LABOR PROTECTION

6.1 When organizing and carrying out work on the installation of scaffolding, the requirements of SNiP 12-03, SNiP 12-04, GOST 12.4.011 must be met.

On the scaffolding, the layout and the values ​​of the permissible loads should be posted. The accumulation of three or more people on the scaffolding flooring is not allowed.

Workers who have the right to work at height are allowed to install the scaffolding. Installers must be provided with safety harnesses.

6.2 Fire safety at workplaces must be ensured in accordance with the rules PPB-01.

6.3 Electrical safety at workplaces must be ensured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.019, GOST 12.1.030, POT R M-016.

6.4 When organizing work in the installation area, a dangerous zone is established against falling objects from the height of the scaffolding. The hazardous area is designated by safety signs and inscriptions of the established form in accordance with GOST R 12.4.026.

In each specific case, the project for the production of work should provide for such measures so that the hazardous zone does not go beyond the fenced area of ​​scaffolding.

A protective net can be attached to the scaffolding. In this case, the hazardous area may not be indicated.

The location and design of the enclosure for the installation area should be taken in accordance with GOST 23407.

6.5 Warehousing and storage of scaffolding components, materials, products and equipment must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of standards or technical specifications for scaffolding, materials, products and equipment, as well as SNiP 12-03.

6.6 When working at night, the installation area, scaffolding, driveways and approaches to them must be illuminated in accordance with GOST 12.1.046. Illumination should be uniform, without glare from lighting fixtures.

6.7 Scaffolding ladders should be equipped in accordance with GOST 26887. The slope of the ladders to the horizon should be no more than 75 °. Ladders should have non-slip steps.

6.8 Lifting of loads onto the scaffolding is carried out by a winch or a roof crane. Lifting loads onto scaffolding tower cranes unacceptable.

6.9 Lightning protection of scaffolding should be arranged with grounding resistance no more than 15 Ohm.

6.10 During the installation and dismantling of the scaffolding, electrical wires located closer than 5 m from the scaffolding are de-energized.

During thunderstorms, snowfalls and winds exceeding 6 m / s, scaffolding is not erected or dismantled.

6.11 The technical condition of the forests is monitored before each shift and periodic inspections every 10 days.

Particular attention should be paid to measuring and controlling the actual loads on the struts and shoes, pulling the forces of the anchors from the wall. At the same time, measurements and assessment of deformations of struts and shoes with wooden lining, cross-members and anchors and their relative movement should be made.

If the scaffolding has not been used for a month, then they are allowed for use after acceptance by the commission. The results of acceptance and inspection are noted in the log book in accordance with GOST 24258.

Forests are subject to additional inspection after rain or thaw, which may reduce bearing capacity grounds.

WORK PRODUCTION PROJECT (PPR)

Project for the production of works for the installation of scaffolding LSPR-200

PPR is applicable directly to the installation of the most widely used rack-mount scaffolding, manufactured according to the specifications of GOST 27321. Scaffolding can be of any degree of collection (tubular, frame and frame) and various in the design of nodal connections (clamp, hook, wedge or pin); in this case, the racks, frame and frame elements are joined with the help of pipes.

PPR consists of text and graphic parts. The graphic part is represented by diagrams of hazardous area fencing, installation sequence, scaffolding fastening to the wall.

PPR has the following sections:

1. Explanatory note.

2. List of used documents.

3. Organization and technology of work.

3.1. Preparatory work.

3.2. Basic work.

4. Requirements for quality and acceptance of works.

5. The need for means of mechanization, tools, inventory and fixtures.

6. Safety and labor protection.

7. Peculiarities of scaffolding installation on high-rise buildings, on buildings with balconies (loggias).

8. Technical and economic indicators.

1. Explanatory note

1. Explanatory note

PPR for the installation of scaffolding for the device of a ventilated facade on the building of the fitness center was developed on the basis of the terms of reference and the presented initial data. As part of the technical assignment and initial data: working documentation for the device of a ventilated facade, a passport and instructions for the installation of scaffolding (for example, frame scaffolding LSPR-200), drawings for the building.

This PPR was developed with the following initial data.

LSPR-200 scaffolding is attached; when installing a ventilated facade, it can reach a height of 40 m. The step of the tier in height is 2 m, the step of frames along the wall is 3 m, the width of the passage between the posts is 0.95 m. Standard load at a height of more than 20 m no more than 100 kgf / m. The structural components of the LSPR-200 scaffolding and their weight are shown in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1

Components of scaffolding LSPR-200
Frame (2x1 m)
Frame with ladder (2x1 m)
Communication (3.05 m)
Diagonal connection (3.3 m)
Shoe
Plug-anchor
Blind clamp, 48x48 mm
End fencing
Decking crossbar

It can be seen from the table that the weight of the scaffolding components does not exceed 12 kg and they can be lifted in a package onto the mounting horizon using a winch or a roof crane with a lifting capacity of not more than 250 kg.

The building is rectangular in shape, the length along the facade is 72.0 m, the height is no more than 40 m.

A curtain wall is mounted on the facade of the building. facade system U-kon with cladding elements - ceramic tile and aluminum profiles... In accordance with this, the scaffolds are mounted along the facade in axes 1-12.

2. List of used documents

When developing the PPR, normative, methodological and reference documents were used, which are indicated in the list of used literature. The text also contains references to the following regulatory documents:

GOST 2.601-2006 ESKD. Operational documents

GOST 2.602-95 * ESKD. Repair documents

GOST 9.104-79 * ESKD. Paint and varnish coatings. Operating conditions groups

GOST 7502-98 Metal measuring tapes. Technical conditions

GOST 7948-80 Steel construction plumb bobs. Technical conditions

GOST 8486-86 * Softwood lumber. Technical conditions

GOST 9467-75 * Coated metal electrodes for manual arc welding of structural and heat-resistant steels. Types

GOST 15150-69 * Machines, devices and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating conditions, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of climatic environmental factors

GOST 23407-78 Inventory fences of construction sites and areas of construction and installation work. Technical conditions

MDS 12-41.2008 Mounting equipment for temporary fastening of prefabricated elements of erected and dismantled buildings.

3. Organization and technology of work

3.1. Preparatory work

Before starting the installation work, the following preparatory work must be carried out:

- the working area (as well as approaches to it) is freed from extraneous building structures, materials, mechanisms and debris and is fenced in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23407;

- the scaffolding installation area is fenced in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 12-03, warning signs are installed in accordance with GOST 12.4.026 *;
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* GOST 12.4.026-76 has been canceled on the territory of the Russian Federation from 01.01.2003. GOST R 12.4.026-2001 is in force. (IUS N 12, 2001). - Note from the manufacturer of the database.

- instructing the assembly workers on the procedure, techniques and rules for assembling and fastening the scaffolding to the wall.

Figure 1 shows a fragment of a construction site plan as an example. Symbols show scaffolding, the boundary of the danger zone when an object falls from the last tier of scaffolding and a temporary fence of the construction site.

Fig. 1. Fragment of the construction site plan

Symbols

Load-bearing external walls

scaffolding

the border of the danger zone when an object falls from a layer of scaffolding

temporary fencing for scaffolding

Inspection, control and evaluation are carried out technical condition components of the mounted scaffolding. Damaged components must be discarded.

Preparation for work, installation and start-up of lifting mechanisms (roof crane or winch) for lifting and lowering the components of the scaffolding is carried out. These works are carried out in accordance with the instructions of the lifting equipment manufacturers.

Means of mechanization (hand-held drilling machines, perforators, rammers, etc.) and tools are being prepared, their completeness and readiness for work are checked.

For the installation of scaffolding, a planned and compacted site is prepared, from which water drainage should be arranged, or a site with asphalt concrete pavement. If the soil is wet, then compaction is carried out with crushed stone, broken brick, concrete.

In connection (according to the initial data) with a height difference of up to 400 mm, the area for scaffolding along the facade in axes 1-12 is aligned horizontally in the longitudinal and transverse directions. To level the height difference up to 500 mm, standard concrete slabs and boards with a thickness of at least 40-50 mm are used.