Anchor bolts in the wall. Types of anchor bolts, their size and installation. How to install anchor bolt

A more new acquisition for the builders became a dowel of plastic, which have a small size, stand cheaply and hold tightly. However, in a short time, plastic dowels begin to deform and no longer fix the fastening, especially for monolithic concrete walls, which simply do not hold a dowel.

Therefore, it was definitely created the most reliable method of fastening - an anchor, which and the load withstands, and, as if anchor, joined the coating, not allowing the fastener.

Anchor is not just consonant with the word "anchor", it is similar to functions: holding the mechanism at the bottom of the hole.

Bolts are divided into two varieties according to the type of their use:

Synthetic. The principle of its action is based on the use of a special glue capsule, which is revealed during screwing the fastening bolt and its fixing directly when the adhesive is drying up.

Minus Synthetic Bolt: Waiting, when glue dries.

Plus: It is suitable not only for monolithic walls, but for light wall structures.

Metal. The principle of its action is that the metal sleeve, which is placed on the bolt, expanded or turned out during the screwdriver on the thread.

Also these bolts have several divisions for types:

ü Shnipova. At the end of the anchor is a shnip (wedge), which spreads the sleeve during its screwing into the hole. Instead of a wedge, there may be a beard rod, which crushes the sleeve, and then removed from the hole where the heel is screwed. However, to carry out this type of work, it is necessary to accurately comply with the size of anchor and holes.

ü clamping. The basis for its action is the disclosure of the fastening petals, which occurs when twisting and deforming the middle part of the sleeve. It also has small slits along all length. These bolts are suitable for thin wall structures, such as plasterboard.

ü povered. This species applies without the use of special devices. The bolt sleeve itself has soft edges, which during the lifting of the hole begin to deform and rest in the bottom. This leads to the consolidation of the sleeve in the opening. A bolt for a monolithic wall and wild stone is suitable, however, pay more attention to the accuracy of the depth and diameter of the opening.

ü Crushed (Pour) is the most common method of fastening, which does not require a clear observance of the depth and diameter of the hole. During screwing, expands the sleeve from the rear, screwing into it a cone-like sleeve. Bolts are used for a brick and concrete wall.

Screwing anchor bolt: instruction

To mount the anchor to be high quality, it is necessary to purchase products from metal with anti-corrosion spraying, for example, M-30.

It is also worth understanding that each compound has its own parameters for the hole and the rate of the applied force for screwing, which depend on the characteristics of the wall coating. For heavy concrete, the depth of screwing the bolt is 8 cm, and the load is less than 7 kN. For thin concrete, these parameters are twice as fewer.

In the instructions, we consider the stages of the crushed (spacer) anchor into the concrete wall.

Step 1: Determination of the Bolt Length

Walls are often covered with trim, for example plaster. So that the bolt fastens well in the wall, it should be placed at a depth of over 5 cm. Therefore, determine the length of the anchor sleeve for the thickness of the plaster.

Step 2: Determination of the required diameter of the hole

Be sure to monitor the diameter of the opening for anchor, since the efforts attached to screw the sleeve depend on its accuracy. The hole should be so that the sleeve is tight and strictly perpendicular. As for the depth of the opening, it should be greater than the length of the bolt to several millimeters.

Step 3: Hole markup and his punching

Holes for bolts should be made as accurate as possible, since after installation it is impossible to pull it out. Then drill the hole and clean it from dust and fragments. You can clean with a vacuum cleaner, blowing a rubber pear or tassel.

Step 4: Anchor Baby

In the performed hole hammer hammer. It must be done slowly and progressive movements. After the nut or the head of the sleeve is at the surface of the wall, proceed to twist. When twisting after two revolutions, it is necessary to apply more effort. The box may indicate the number of spinings and it is better to use a torque wrench for this.

Note, for thin, brick or foam concrete walls, it is better not to twist an anchor until it stops.

Step 5: Immersion Accuracy Check

When twisting the bolt, a nut or cap is very often falling into the top layer of plaster. The nut is better to deepen into the wall, but the cap should be left smoothly at the wall surface. The video in the next tab shows how to lock the anchor to the concrete wall correctly.

When conducting construction or repair work, it is not without the use of a variety of fasteners. Some of them, such as self-tapping screws, are as simple as possible, and some require certain knowledge and skills. As an example, you can consider how to fix anchor bolts. At first glance, it may seem that this does not represent a special difficulty, but it all depends on the type of anchors, and the surface in which they need to be consolidated.

Construction and principle of an anchor bolt

Anchor bolts are used to attach any elements or structures to concrete or brick surfaces. First of all, you need to say a few words about how an anchor bolt is arranged. In essence, its design is something like a simple plastic dowel, but with some additions. Anchor bolt is an external body with slots on one side, the bolt itself, inserted inside and a special nut, into which the bolt is screwed. Some constructions of anchors may provide for the use of special washers, designed to prevent moisture from entering the hole. In rooms with high humidity it is advisable to use such elements.

Works anchor on the principle of returner inside the hole. The bottom line is that as the bolt is spinning, a special nut having a slightly conical shape will be tightened inside the housing and expand it inside the hole. As a result, the maximum dense hold of the element inside the surface is achieved.

Types of anchor bolts

For completeness of understanding, it is worth a few words to say what options for the designs of the anchor can be found in the construction market.

Anchor bolt with washer. As mentioned above, this type of fastening element is used when there is a need to protect the anchor hole from moisture. Although in principle, you can use everywhere.
Anchor bolt with nut. It is used most often for fastening structures. Such a fastener is convenient from the point of view of installation. You only need to twist the top nut, and after installing the design, spin it into place. It is used to install structures, such as hangers, shelves and other things.
Anchor bolt with a hook or ring. It is applied in cases where something needs something on a hook or tie the rope to the ring.
M-shaped anchor bolt. Used to install various elements such as water heating boilers.

Installation work

As for how to fix an anchor bolt, it should be said that regardless of the type of anchor, the installation process will be almost identical.

First, the hole under the anchor is drilled in the right place. The diameter of the opening should be equal to the external diameter of the anchor. When drilling, it is necessary to take into account that if the perforation mode is used, the hole will be somewhat larger than the drill diameter.
Anchor is inserted into the hole.
The design is installed and the bolt is delayed than ensuring the reliable hold of the anchor inside the opening.

In conclusion, it is worth a little to add about how to choose anchor. The fact is that the anchor bolts may differ in their size, and therefore the ability to withstand the cargo. Elements of fasteners on the principle of x / x / x, where the first digit is the outer diameter, the second is the diameter of the inner bolt, and the third is the total length of the element. In order to mostly fold the idea of \u200b\u200binstalling anchor, you can view the video on the topic mentioned. But we can say that with minimal experience in handling the task, the task will be quite simple for execution.

Video

In this video, an anchor bolt is demonstrated and the principle of its operation is explained:

Anchor is a fastening element made of metal material, introduced into a concrete base and is delayed there, which is fixed due to it. This type of fastener has recently been well in demand. Installation of anchor bolts in the wall acts as anchor. Due to this, they are able to keep incredible loads. This makes it possible to fix heavy designs with them and individual objects. Not so long ago, to fix something on the stone surface, nails and screws were available. Now everything has changed, and this kind of fasteners remained in the past. More convenient for this process and adapted anchors are successfully replaced by them.

What can be reliably, with a big effect and very quickly consolidate certain items in the wall? Anchors perform here a great way out here, with them you can score or turn into a concrete basis all that you want.

Characteristic

Anchor inside has a carving, it is in it that needs to screw the fastener. When building a house, repairs in the apartment anchor bolts - the best anchor, will not be told you exactly, and it is impossible to replace them with something similar. Installation, applying these bolts, will pass quickly and easily.

They found great use for dense materials. For example, concrete, brick. They are also good for working with plasterboard. Almost everywhere, their use is possible - if you need to hang the shelf, wardrobe, painting, to equip the suspended ceiling. In all these labor-intensive processes, anchors will be required. Most of all mechanical anchors are used, capable of keeping behind or friction force.

During construction or in domestic needs, it is necessary to attach various kinds of objects, design for installation. For these purposes there are different fasteners. To work with concrete or brick, you need special anchors, and when billets are used, then the tapping screws for the tree. Anchors will help well strengthen the most heavy designs. For example, it can be a water heater, a Swedish wall, a children's swing to the ceiling.

By itself, such a bolt is nothing special. This is a pretty simple compound from the bolt, nut and housing. There is a plastic lining so that the moisture does not penetrate. There are bolts on a simple spacer principle. When the bolt is tightened, the nut, which is on the end, is dying inside. This contributes to the fact that the body is increasing due to expansion and clogged into concrete.

Varieties

These bolts are prescribed quite harsh requirements, as people should be confident in the reliability of this fastening due to the weight, which they impose on it. Therefore, when selecting these products, give the selection of those performed in accordance with GOST. The construction market distinguishes the following types of anchor bolts:

Whole bolt - head with six faces, nut cone. Here the nut is a strut that expands the pipe. He himself has a spa with a tip - has a nut with a whab. When the bolt begins to twist, it immediately enters the pipe, thereby expanding it.
Wedge. This is a rod made of metallic material with a big hat. From it, the wedge comes into the rod when hitting. This increases the area of \u200b\u200bthe part that is placed in the hole of the concrete.
With strut, shock. When a nail is clogged, it increases and fix it with a stone.
Two-spoken nut. This fastener is used for massive items for responsible works. Accordingly, this is the most reliable fastener. It becomes wider in two places immediately. These struts are at the end of the tube and at the place of the joint of the two segments of the cylinder. The elements are executed so when the nut is spinning, then its parts are drawn into each other.
Scoring. Fasteners clogged into the wall hole. Already during this, it increases in width and grabbing with a stone. When the bolt is spinning, it will be drunk even further. This type of bolt can be installed faster.
Scroll of four parts. Its parts do not depend on each other, form a cylindrical form in the assembly. At the top of the part with the ring, and from the other end there is a fixation of the spring. When it is spinning, then the cylinder begins the action of the struts with four edges. It squeezes these segments, after which they are pressed against the wall along the entire length. It uses not a bolt, but rods with a ring or crochet.

From the descriptions it is clear that the first two anchors are valid equally. The difference in their mobility of the elements. If the first nut is a cone, then the second is a bolt. The first two types of fasteners are typical options. Already on their main base, the rest of these bolts are presented. Simple and quite comfortable of them are anchors with crochet and rings. Since when the nut is spinning, then the bolt is immediately fixed in the wall hole.

Method of fastening

There is nothing easier to fix an anchor bolt into the wall. Just need to drill a hole in the concrete wall. Its diameter must accurately coincide with the bolt. Then you need to insert the bolt itself and attach. Anchor should not be disassembled, it is fully inserted in the same form in which it is sold. Some people for something disassemble them into parts, and then try to insert. The anchor with the nut, and that, only by twisting the nut and everything. When the anchor is in the wall, it must be spinning clockwise. Taking advantage of such a fastener, you can immediately understand how fast it is convenient and reliably.

Applying them to help, you can hang lighting devices, install intra-wood doors, perform work on finishing. Based on what attachment is designed for weighty loads, the production of its high strength is made of steel. Mounting of this type is fairly easy to do. The bolt in the wall is highly fixed. This is all thanks to gluing, the storage, the friction is the key to reliable fastening. These principles operate both together and separately, no grams affecting the strength. Complete an anchor bolt with their own hands will be able to absolutely every man.

Installation rules

Actions during the installation of anchor bolts are the same as the dowels. It is not difficult to do it, even though they have a rather complicated design. Only there are some features. Instructions for attaching anchor bolts as follows:

It will take the car the necessary diameter, which should be inserted into the perforator.
Drill the move, clean it from garbage.
Score bolt, tighten the key to a solid fixation at the base.

There is also a small number of rules that need to be remembered and knowing:

Install the bolt anchor into the hollow brick is prohibited.
For installation use size up to eight millimeters.
When the hole does not turn out to be cleaned, it should be drilled further on twenty centimeters.

From tools for this work, you will need a drill and a perforator with drills, a horn key, a hammer.

Concrete is much stronger than most other materials. Therefore, some strength will be required to make a hole in it. On the drills there should be a spraying of durable alloys. Take advantage of a simple drill will not work if you need smooth edges. In this case, you will have to resort to the perforator.

Montage bolts.

For example, in the design of the foundation there are several ways to install an anchor. The main ones are:

Basically, the installation of bolts to the foundation takes place until the fill of the concrete. When the frame of the reinforcement is mounted, curved anchors are fixed with welding. It is very important to control their vertical location, the distance between them and the foundation. As soon as they are fixed, the threads must be closed, for example, polyethylene. Then concrete will not fall into the thread.
It will be easier to establish anchors in a flooded concrete. And there is also controlled all the necessary parameters.
To make an anchor straight, you need to drill a hole of the suitable diameter in the foundation, get rid of dust and concrete. Insert a straight anchor, empty with glue.
The cone anchor is installed in the same way as direct. After do not forget to tighten the nut on the stud.

Before staying on a particular anchor, decide on the fastener method. At the same time, be sure to remember the future load. For reliability and quality, it is not necessary to purchase a smaller fastener diameter. Choose those manufacturers in whom are sure that the production of products according to GOST standards.

What to pay attention to

The technique of work on the installation of anchors is to perform the rules of tightening. Some manufacturers in their catalogs prescribe recommendations for tightening anchor fasteners. With small, there will be no important friction force, pressing pressure on the basis. Because of this, the likelihood of destruction appears.

It is important to comply with the installation of chemical anchors. The stilette made of steel should enter the hole with a screwdriver. This is important for careful mixing of all elements of the composition. During the use of injections with the composition, the mixed composition enters the hole. When inserting the stud it needs to be provinted. If the composition does not come out of the hole, then you need to remove the hairpin, add the composition yet. Chemical substance must harden. It takes about 40 minutes, depending on the air temperature.

Finally, I would like to add that the installation of anchor bolts into the wall should pass through the stringent rules, because they are in themselves greater responsibility for holding heavy weight. Such fasteners appeared not so long ago, and are already enjoying great popularity and in demand in the construction market. They cost relatively inexpensive, and possess unique versatility and high reliability.

Installation of anchor bolts in the wall: Features, Types, Types of fasteners, Installation instructions, Tips

If you have not come across different types of fasteners, it is time to get acquainted. The article will tell you how the installation of anchor bolts in the wall occurs.

Anchor bolts are one of the main fasteners, without which it is difficult to imagine the process of construction and repair. Without these indispensable helpers, the installation of almost all structures is impossible, at the base of which concrete lies or brickwork. From the German language, the word "anchor" translates as an "anchor", and this is not in vain. The principle of operation of the anchor bolts itself is built on the fact that, due to its design, it hurts the attachment in the concrete.

The history of the anchor bolt began pretty recently. Previously, wooden corks used as this fastening item. From a piece of wood, a plug was cut with a large diameter than the dimensions of the screw. Then the hole was drilled in the concrete, slightly smaller diameter and scored a plug into it, in which, in turn, screwed up the screw. Under his action, the plug was expanding and did not fall out of the hole, holding the entire design.

True, such an "anchor" had a lot of flaws. First, wood has not quite suitable for these purposes. Such plugs were very often destroyed under the influence of moisture in concrete. In addition, they could not be used to mount such heavy structures as a suspended ceiling. Secondly, these tubes needed to be made manually, which occupied a lot of time. Imagine to extend more than a hundred pieces of such fasteners to make repairs in one room.

To solve these problems, engineers have developed plastic anchors. They were able to remove some of the difficulties faced by the builders before. Such elements have become more accurate in size, they are easier to mount, and they are less susceptible to the harmful effect of the external environment. However, they still did not become panacea. The fact is that plastic cannot withstand heavy loads under which it is usually deformed, which leads to the destruction of the structure.

Almost all problems were solved using metal anchor bolts. Thanks to them it became possible to install rather heavy structures on the walls, such as air conditioner brackets, satellite antennas, securing massive metal doors, cable garters for which an anchor bolt with a hook is used. For the same purpose, an anchor bolt with a ring can fit perfectly. Due to the various configurations of metal anchors, they are multifunction and are suitable for solving various tasks.

In industry, the anchor bolts are used for quite a long time. If you look at the power line, you can see that her supports stand on a concrete foundation screwed by such bots. They are exhibited according to drawing data and poured concrete. Then the metallic design is fixed to anchors. Almost all heavy equipment on large industrial facilities is installed on the anchors. The calculation of the anchor bolts for such designs is one of the important tasks at the design of the object.

Classification of metal anchors

Speaking about the classification of these fasteners, several categories can be distinguished.

Anchor bolts are distinguished by the method of action into two groups:

Chemical anchors. The method of action of such a type of fastener is based on the substance that is concluded in the capsule inside the dowel. When the worker installs an anchor and starts twisting it, the capsule with the adhesive substance is broken, and fills all the hole. Such anchor is indispensable when in the walls or in the slabs of the overlapping, which they are installed, there are emptiness. However, these fasteners have their drawbacks. When they are installed before fixing the design to them, you need to wait a little time.
Mechanical anchors. They are more common and popular than chemical. The principle of operation of such an anchor is based on the proprietary of the metal sleeve, due to the spacer sleeve, which moves along the inner surface of the heel thread or bolt.

Depending on the design of the anchor bolts, they are divided into several basic groups, differing in principle.

Wedge. This type of anchor works through the wedge at the end of its sleeve. When it is clogged into the hole, the wedge moves along the inner surface of the sleeve and thereby cuts it, due to which an anchor bolt is strengthened in the hole. In some models fasteners, the slicing of the sleeve occurs due to the installation inside the special rod, which is consequently removed, and a special stud is located in its place.
Scored. Fasteners of such anchors occurs at the expense of specially produced edges of the sleeve. These parts of the fasteners are usually made of soft metal and when driving anchor simply, fastening it in the hole. Such a simple anchor design requires a clear observance of the size of the opening both in length and in diameter. Use such a type of fasteners mainly in monolith concrete or stone.
Scroll anchor or butterfly. This fastener is used primarily in thin-walled materials. This is a cross-cutting anchor with a special design of a sleeve that has slots in the middle. When the screw of the anchor is spinning, its rear moves along the thread, thereby deforming the sleeve. It is revealed, the image of the so-called petals that press the anchor to the inner surface of the plate. These fasteners are used to attach structures to plasterboard, plastic or fiberboard. The low weight of the anchor bolts of this type is perfect for solving very complex tasks.
Purchase anchor. This type of fasteners are the most popular and popular. This popularity is based on the fact that they do not require the exact dimensions of the opening depth. The principle of its work lies in the collet method of expanding the sleeve due to the movement of the cone-shaped sleeve. Such anchors are used in full-length brick or concrete.

Material for the manufacture of anchor bolts are high-alloyed stainless steel, which are additionally coated with anti-corrosion coating. The inner bolt or hairpin is made with a metric thread with a diameter of 6 mm to 30 mm. Qualitative indicators for the anchors are the standard for discontinuous effort and cut.

How to install anchor bolt

This operation does not require special knowledge or skills, and it can be properly installed such fasteners. On the Internet it is possible to find a lot of videos, how to fix anchor bolt. Algorithm for installing anchor bolt with nut Next:

We estimate the status of the wall. Quite often in the houses of the old building on the walls, a layer of plaster was applied, which will not be able to keep the anchor. Therefore, the calculated length of the fastening element should be increased by the thickness of the plaster. That is, if an anchor is needed for mounting the bracket with a long 50 mm, and the layer of plaster is 20 mm, then the minimum length of the anchor bolts should be 70 mm.
We select the drill with a diameter of 0.5 mm less or equal to the size of the anchor bolt. It is not recommended to drill too large hole. Fastening sleeve should enter a drilled hole with a small force.
We apply markup to the surface. It is necessary to do this as accurate as possible, otherwise after fixing the anchor, it will already be impossible to pull it out.
Drilling holes in concrete perform a perforator or a drill drill with a special carbide tip. Brick better drill without strikes so as not to damage its structure.
The drilled hole must be cleaned from dust using a brush, a vacuum cleaner or a sphailed aircraft.
Next, light blows of the hammer set the anchor sleeve. If it does not work, do not beat a hammer in it, you can spoil everything. Come one more time the drill, slightly shaking the drill to ruin the hole.
Then screw the anchor stud in the sleeve, then screw the nut on it. When the Nut reaches the sleeve, clamp it with the key.

Fastening anchor bolts "Butterflies" Eaves to a suspended ceiling

If you have a suspended ceiling in your house, then install the cornice is better for a special anchor, the so-called "butterfly". For this, we take cornice and drill holes in it, with a diameter of equal dimensions of the dowel screw. Then, on the drilled wells, we make tags on the surface of the ceiling. After that, in the ceiling we pick up the holes, with a diameter of equal gabarites of the sleeve.

Install the sleeve in the hole and fix. One of the structural features of such anchors are hooks at the end of the sleeve, due to which it clings to the surface and does not scroll. Then we take the cornice and fix it to the screws. When you scroll the screws, the sleeve is deformed and reveals, holding the cornice.

Installation of anchor bolts for the foundation

If you need to install a metal structure to a concrete foundation, then after the base is freezing, drills the hole with a diameter, slightly more than the size of the bolt. Then the well fill in a special solution and lower the bolt there. After drying the solution, we install the metal structures.

Anchor plays a very important role regardless of whether it is the element of which structures it is - a machine installed on a concrete floor or a largest staircase fixed on the wall.

It provides a connection with the base, and if this connection turns out to be fragile, the construction threatens the destruction, no matter how durable from the inside it was not. For reliability, anchor should be installed, observing a specific technology.

So, what do you need to correctly and securely fix an anchor bolt?

You need to look at the page on-line magazine about construction and read the following step by step instructions.

1. Chemical anchor is very durable and reliable. It can be installed in any material: brick, stone, cellular concrete, wood, etc. Since its mount is carried out with the help of glue, it not only does not weaken the base to which it is attached, but in many cases makes it even stronger.

To install anchor, drills the hole of the desired diameter to the required depth. Clean it with a brush-hesh, blow the pump or pear.

2. Fill it on 2/3 hole with a glue mixture - epoxy or polymer resin. Capacity with glue (cartridge) can be framed differently - syringe, tube, etc. Methods for mixing the components of glue are different. Whatever the version of the adhesive cartridge, it is necessary to act strictly according to the instructions applied to the product.

3. We set the anchor into the hole to the full depth. We remove the flow of glue from the base. The readiness time of the anchor to the perception of the load depends on the glue brand, it is indicated in the instructions. After the specified time expires, any design can be attached to the ankra.

4. Money anchors are installed without glue. The principle of their action is based on the observation of an anchor bushings inside the hole, due to which its reliable fixation is achieved at the base.

We drill and clean the hole in the same way as described above. Through the mounted item insert a wedge anchor into the hole and score it with a hammer - until the nut is stored in the fixed part. Tighten the nut with the necessary (but not excessive) effort. As a result of the tightening, the end of the anchor cries the bushing and securely fixed in the hole.

5. Proprieties can be different. If there is a special rod inserted inside the anchor, then after installing the bolt into the hole, you score this rod by blowing the hammer inside. Thus, we crush the sleeve and fix the anchor in the hole.

6. To install a wedge anchor with internal thread, a special tool is required - a rod, similar to Kerner or a beard.

After the anchor is installed, we put this tool inside and blow the hammer to the sleeve. Then, we remove the kerner-beard and wrap in the threaded hole of the anchor fastener screw.

7. So called the frame anchor has two proper zones - at the base and in the fixed part.

We score the frame anchor into the base through the fixed part. Watch the screw with the necessary effort. At the same time, the bottom, which is at the base, part of the anchor, then the top, located in the details, will be replied. As a result, the latter will be firmly attached to the base.

8. Read more to use it very convenient - especially if you have to set a large number of anchors. However, if necessary, it is possible to firmly fix in any base and self-made device - bolt or rod of any kind.

9. Master the hole with a diameter of 1-2 mm more than the diameter of the anchor. Well clean the hole from crumbs and dust. Fill the hole half or slightly more epoxy resin or putty with a hardener. Rotational motion and light hammer blows set the anchor into the hole. Remove the pitches of the resin. After a while, when the epoxy resin is a bit (but not fully) hardens, spread it around the anchor flush with the base. You can use such an anchor at about a day.