Which is better to choose a septic tank for the house. Which septic tank to choose for a private house? Country house for permanent residence

These data confirm the need to define personal criteria when searching best septic tank for giving. In addition to the above information, you should pay attention to the following data:

Real volume of drains (normal/maximum).
The possibility of careful maintenance, ensuring uninterrupted power supply.
Proposed method of installation (independent / with the help of specialists).
Ground water level.
The thickness of the earth layer above the hull and the corresponding loads.
Ease of passage of equipment for the extraction of accumulated effluents.

Important! The best septic tank performs its functions without unnecessary difficulties and high operating costs. For an accurate assessment, all significant factors are analyzed in combination.

Regardless of the specific form (drawing with dimensions, or a set of documentation in accordance with GOST), the materials must contain information not only about the septic tank. They indicate the number and parameters of straight pipes and other fittings, hoses and hatches for. Electric drives equipped with protection devices against overheating and surges. Submersible supplement with convenient lifting devices for inspection and repair.

After a thorough study of all the nuances of the project, they make the necessary adjustments to the equipment requirements. Make an accurate list of the main components of the system and add-ons, building materials, tools. This work will help clarify the amount of future financial and labor costs.

Related article:

The article tells how to make . Description of construction requirements is supplemented with reviews of effective technologies and finished models with characteristics and prices. This information will help to implement the project quickly, at a reasonable cost.

The current rating of the best septic tanks for a country house

To determine which is the best septic tank for a summer residence, the current rating is supplemented with consumer reviews. Useful data on warranty, operating instructions.

Topas

A significant advantage of this brand is the specialized production of various treatment facilities:

Model	Productivity, (m3 per day) / Permissible volume of one-time discharge (m3)		price, rub.	Notes
Topas-S4	0,8/125	95 x 97 x 2.5/215	78500-86500	Compact system with one compressor.
Topas 4 PR	0,8/175	88 x 97 x 260/225	95200-108900	Equipped with two compressors for active aeration of the compartment with aerobic microorganisms.
Topas 8 Long OL	3/1025	230 x120 x310/715	251000-268800	Installation to meet large needs (up to 15 users). Such equipment is suitable for equipping large real estate objects.
Topol-Eco TOPAS-S 8 Pr	1,3/-	—	110900-115300	Equipment for deep cleaning with five working chambers. Energy independent execution.

For your information! On the official website, you can buy a Topas septic tank inexpensively from the manufacturer. The price in the price list is not increased by the profit of intermediaries, so you can count on quite reasonable offers.

According to a separate request, the company creates complex-type treatment facilities, specialized sets:

In the line "Toplos" modifications are presented:
- "Aqua" - for cleaning liquid from open reservoirs;
- "KM" - container type installation;
- "FL" - equipment for the detention of organic matter.
Cleaning of fatty impurities will be performed by Toppolium.
The Toprain kit is designed to equip gas stations and car workshops.

With the help of the above products and other products of this company, it is possible to solve specific tasks at a reasonable cost. When selling, the price with a turnkey installation includes delivery and installation. This data will help clarify the amount of real investment.

Tank

Treatment facilities under this trademark are produced by Triton Plastic. Currently, this company offers the following range of country septic tanks Tank. The price in the table is as of August 2017:

Model series "Tank"	Productivity, (cubic meters per day)	Length x Width x Height (cm) / Weight (kg)	The price of one / three products, rub.
1	0,6	120 x 100 x 170/85	22700/17000
2	0,8	180 x 120 x 170/130	32800/27500
2,5	1	203 x 120 x 185/140	37900/32500
3	1,2	220 x 120 x 200/150	44700/39500
4	1,8	360 x 100 x 170/228	59000/54000

For your information! If you choose a septic tank, owner reviews should be studied with a duration of operating experience of at least several seasons. This will allow obtaining objective information, taking into account regular additional costs in economic calculations.

The manufacturer gives the following advantages of products in this series:

Their design is well developed in practice, taking into account the opinions of real users.
This equipment performs its functions without power consumption and associated operating costs.
It can be installed in any soil.
We allow installation without concreting the base and rigidly attaching to it using anchoring.
Good tightness is useful at high groundwater levels.

Important! In official instructions, the company notes the need to remove bottom sediments during seasonal living (in autumn, before preparing the dacha for winter). If the property is used constantly, such a procedure is needed no more than once every 5 years or less. For the decomposition of sediments, special sets of microorganisms are used.

The prices indicated for the Tank septic tank are for the capital and the Moscow region. Discounts are provided not only for the number of purchased products. They are valid when ordering professional installation (+12400 rubles).

Triton

The same manufacturer produces other polymer products. Under the Triton brand, the following series are presented on the domestic market:

"N" - storage tanks for waste volume from 1000 to 27000 liters, costing 24800-426000 rubles.
"T" - traditional in design septic tanks of three separate chambers.
"P" - tanks for fire fighting systems.
"K" - caissons
"PM" - fat retention devices for installation under.

Model of the Triton-T series	Tank volume, liters	Tank diameter x length, cm	Approximate number of users
1	1000	120 x 117	2
1,5	1500	120 x 162	3
2,5	2500	120 x 252	5
5	5000	120 x 472	10
10	10000	150 x 600	20
12	12000	200 x 405	—
30	30000	200 x 980	—

This kit is suitable for installation in the country. The wall thickness of these products is from 10 to 15 mm, which provides good resistance to mechanical stress. Technical data are shown in the table:

Name	Tank volume, liters	Length x Width x Height in cm	Weight, kg
septic tank	750	125 x 820 x 170	85
infiltration device	400	180 x 800 x 400	20

Such a set is not difficult to transport and install yourself. V standard equipment manufacturer includes neck and lids. It is not necessary to purchase an infiltrator. Instead, you can apply , a filtering field.

Termite

Septic tanks under this brand are created by Multiplast. This company produces products from polymers using vacuum and rotational forming technologies. The presence of our own design departments allows us to respond in a timely manner to market requirements. Equipped modern equipment production ensures cost minimization and excellent quality. It is acceptable to manufacture solid-cast containers with a volume of up to 10 thousand liters.

The manufacturer emphasizes that only primary raw materials, high-quality polymers are used for the manufacture of cases. One-piece casting and radial end lugs help maintain structural integrity even under heavy loads. The technical characteristics of products are checked by a series of special hydrodynamic tests.

Model series "Termite"	Productivity, cbm per day	Tank volume, liters	Length x Width x Height, cm	Weight, kg	Notes
Drive 1.2	0,4	1200	134 x 116 x 156.5	80	storage capacity.
Pro 1.2	0,4	1200	134 x 116 x 156.5	80	The most compact septic tank with additional soil cleaning. Wall thickness - up to 20 mm.
Transformer 1.5S	0,6	1500	200 x 80 x 200	110	This equipment can be converted into a cleaning station with forced air supply. Proprietary Aeration Kit Offered
Pro 2.5	1	2500	200 x 115.5 200.5	135	Suitable for a family of 5.
Transformer 2.5PR	1	2500	205 x 105 x 211	155	Such a septic tank can be used.

For your information! When buying a turnkey Termite septic tank, the price includes installation work. But you need to make sure that these services are available for a specific region. Otherwise, you will have to organize the installation of equipment on your own.

Unilos

The current production line includes two series of classic septic tanks:

These are complete cleaning stations, which differ in the following characteristics:

Polymer foam walls (polypropylene) create a layer of insulation that prevents the harmful effects of changes in external temperature.
For forced air supply, membrane technology is used here, which helps to extend the life of the aerator to 10 years or more.
Removal of excess silt (it is used as a fertilizer) is carried out using a standard airlift.

You can purchase a suitable station, taking into account the required distance from. The following restrictions apply when constructing a route:

Modification	Outlet depth in cm for different systems drains		Maximum inlet depth, cm
Modification	Gravity	Forced	Maximum inlet depth, cm
"Standard"	45	15	60
"Midi"	60	30	90
"Long"	—	—	120

The price of a Unilos Astra 5 septic tank (76-83 thousand rubles) cannot be called too high, given the good consumer characteristics. This equipment provides a full satisfaction of all needs for draining for a family of 4-5 people. It retains functionality during salvo discharges up to 250 liters. Electricity consumption does not exceed 60 W per hour.

Aqua Bio

These treatment facilities are capable of processing from 0.7 to 1.5 cubic meters. stocks in 24 hours (5-10 users). The body thickness increased to 25 mm allows it to withstand heavy loads without damage. The manufacturer positions its products as intended for loamy and sandy soils, areas with low level ground water. It offers necks of different heights in increments of 100 mm, so choosing the best option is not difficult.

For your information! A few years ago, the manufacturer made a rebranding. Now the products of this series are called "BARS-Bio".

Poplar

Modification	Inlet pipe depth, cm	Width x Depth x Height, cm	Processing volume per day, cbm	Permissible volley discharge, l
3	80	112 x 106 x 212.5	0,65	180
5	80	103 x 100 x 248.5	1	250
10	80	192.8 x 112 x 248.5	2	790
50	80	300 x 216 x 300	8,9	1900
150 LONG	140	400 x 482 x 300	24	4600

Drawing installation "Tver 1P"

Ecopan

The production association is the oldest specialized domestic enterprise. The application of the accumulated experience in practice is manifested in good consumer characteristics and reasonable prices. All products of this type are provided with official certificates, a five-year warranty.

Septic tank Ecopan

Leader

This manufacturer creates tanks for local cleaning systems from low-pressure polyethylene. To strengthen the structure, a special arrangement of power elements was used. The relatively low weight simplifies assembly operations. Four steps provide good level cleaning. To remove precipitation, the equipment is equipped with an airlift.

Model range parameters	Units	Limit values
Number of users	Human	2-15
	liters

Schematic diagram of a treatment plant

For your information! The prices of Leader septic tanks, as well as similar products from other manufacturers, should be considered taking into account the specific configuration. In this case, we are talking about modern, well-equipped equipment.

Comparison of different models

The prices below for septic tanks for summer cottages will change over time. However, these data are suitable for objective comparative analysis.

Model range parameters	Units	Limit values
Maximum one-time reset	liters	400-3000
The number of treated wastewater in 24 hours	m. cub.

Manufacturer/Model	Productivity, m3/day	Dimensions, cm	Weight, kg	Price
Triton Plastic/Triton-T 2.5	—	120 x 252	—	48000
Multiplast/ Thermite Transformer 2.5 S	1	205 x 105 x 211	145	45000
Unilos/Astra 5	1	103 x 100 x 199.5	250	71600
Granite-M/ Poplar	1	103 x 100 x 248.5	—	83300
TD "Engineering equipment" / Tver - 1 PN	1	300 x 110 x 167	180	112300
Software "Pankom" / Ecopan L5	1	255 x 144 x 164	210	97500
Alexis LLC /Leader 1	1	270 x 145 x 165	150	105000

For your information! When creating a septic tank for a house with your own hands, it is necessary to take into account the total cost of construction and ancillary work, the purchase of compressors and other factory products.

It is enough to look at any catalog of an online store offering septic tanks for a country house or summer cottage, and you will have to face the difficult task of choosing. In fact, along with dealers in this area, there are enterprises that have only recently entered the market, or successful manufacturers that have been operating for a long time and have won success, but decided to develop a new direction of their activity. Therefore, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with what septic tanks are for summer cottages and compare them so that you decide which one is better.

Septic tanks for summer cottages: which one is better? What to consider when choosing them?

The model range of septic tanks is quite wide, which allows you to choose the best septic tank for giving, which will meet individual requirements. When choosing such cleaning system for a country house, cottage or cottage, you need to consider the following factors:

The number of permanent residents (consider possible guests).
The number of sanitary points (showers, toilets, jacuzzis, bathtubs, sinks) and household appliances (dishwashers and washing machines), the volume of their drains.
Groundwater depth.
Soil type on the site.
Discharge option for treated water (gravity or forced).

How is the installation of a septic tank in the country:

Pit preparation.

Arrangement of supply trenches for pipes and wires.

Installing a septic tank in the pit and sanding around.

Filling the chambers of the septic tank with water.

The pipe crashes, the power supply is connected.

Start-up and adjustment works are being carried out.

The outer part of the septic tank is being prepared, taking into account the features landscape design in the territory.

The principle of operation of septic tanks

A septic tank is a facility that is used to treat sewage. The scheme of its device implies the presence of a multi-chamber system. Wastewater enters the first tank (sump) through a pipeline from the house. Bacterial decomposition of sewage takes place in it. In some devices, usually industrial production, facilities are installed here that are responsible for filtering contaminated water.

The decomposition of wastewater occurs under the influence of anaerobic or anoxic bacteria. They convert the liquid entering the sump into clarified water, gas and mineral insoluble sludge or sediment.

All septic tanks anaerobic type include multiple cameras. In the first, wastewater is cleaned, as well as partial filtration. In the second and in all others, the purification process continues.

The formed gas as a result of the decomposition of wastewater is discharged through ventilation pipe, and the water goes into the overflow hole in the second tank. In this case, anaerobic bacteria do not stop cleaning the drains. Further, the clarified water enters the next tank or is fed to the filtration fields. After soil filtration, the liquid is absorbed into the soil. This structure belongs to anaerobic type systems or non-volatile septic tanks.

There is also a variety of devices that require electricity to operate. These are aerobic septic tanks with biological treatment. In such devices, wastewater treatment is carried out by aerobic microorganisms that simply cannot exist without oxygen. For this reason, the compressor automatically turns on after a certain time, supplies air into the tanks. The process of decomposition of wastewater in these plants is very fast. The level of purification of polluted waters is 98%.

The principle of operation of an aerobic septic tank requires a constant flow of oxygen, since the bacteria contained in the activated sludge die and the cleaning stops.

One of the most common structures is a storage septic tank. It is a single-chamber hermetic device used to accumulate wastewater, as a result of which it is pumped out using a sewage truck. Additionally, the tank is equipped with a filling level sensor. This option is the best for those who often appear in a country house, and for various reasons it is impossible to equip an effective wastewater treatment site.

Septic tanks for summer cottages: which one is better?

Energy independent septic tanks.

Models that work without electricity and are not tied to the presence of electrical networks are suitable for small country houses. In a remote area and garden partnerships, there is a possibility of a power outage for a sufficiently long period, so you should decide in advance on the equipment for small country houses. In remote areas and garden partnerships, there is a risk of power failure for a sufficiently long period, so it is worth choosing equipment for sewage in advance.

Of course, users have a question whether a septic tank is needed at all in the country, if it is possible to equip a cesspool. We will not convince the owners of dachas, but simply remind them of aesthetics, sanitary requirements and basic amenities. We offer you to get acquainted with the best non-volatile septic tanks.

"Tank".

Septic tank "Tank" is made of high-strength plastic having a thickness of 10 to 17 mm with stiffeners. The design itself provides resistance to high loads, which are formed under ground pressure in summer and winter period. The estimated service life of the product is at least five to ten years, subject to the operating conditions. A conventional septic tank works on the principle of cleaning Wastewater through settling or further biological decomposition of the material with a high-performance biofilter. The infiltrator is responsible for the distribution of purified water that enters the ground.

The unique shape of the body protects the design of the septic tank from being squeezed out by the soil, and the possibility of equipping it with a high neck allows you to place them at the required depth. A special design, including block modules, allows you to collect almost any volume of a septic tank, and overflow pipes act as connections.

The operating conditions of a septic tank imply its periodic cleaning of accumulated solid residue. With proper operation of the equipment and the use of bacterial colonies, the tank is cleaned every four to five years. But it is recommended to do this at least once a year. In the case of periodic use of a septic tank, for the winter, when it is not supposed to clean sewage for sewage, approximately a third of the water is removed from the tank.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Tank"

The price of a septic tank "Tank"

It is worth noting that the price of this septic tank is more than affordable for many owners of private housing. This is one of the main advantages that causes a huge interest in the products. The price largely depends on its volume and therefore increases with the increase in capacity.

Reviews about the septic tank "Tank" for giving

Alexander

“The septic tank filters perfectly, there are no comments. There were no problems with its installation, since everything is described in detail in the instructions. Convenient, environmentally friendly, economical. I leave positive feedback.

“I studied a lot of reviews, the opinions of buyers differ, but, as a rule, negative emotions arise only due to improper installation and operation of this septic tank.

“The septic tank does not consume electricity and works completely autonomously, but I would not take a very large volume, as unfavorable conditions for the development of bacteria may form.”

“Two years ago we installed a Tank-1 septic tank, from which we use water to irrigate the garden. It is very convenient, since there is no source of water on our site, including a technical one.”

"Triton".

Three chambers that are responsible for the implementation of the process of removing various suspensions from polluted water, anaerobic decomposition of biological material, as well as supplying treated effluents to a special filtration site. This septic tank is produced in several versions, which makes it possible to choose between models with a volume of 2 to 40 m 3.

Once a year, or in case of intensive use twice a year, it is worth cleaning the container of accumulated solid sediment. The service life of a plastic container is approximately 50 years. When installing equipment, it is necessary to provide an "anchor", a monolithic concrete surface or concrete slab, which ensures good retention of the septic tank at the required level.

For small baths and country houses, it is better to use the Triton-mini models, which are compact septic tanks for the summer, designed to receive wastewater of small volumes.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Triton"

The price of the septic tank "Triton"

Despite the low cost, treatment plants are popular both for small summer cottages and for country cottages for permanent residence. The septic tank provides the necessary level of wastewater treatment.

Reviews of the septic tank "Triton"

“The summer before last, I installed a Triton N-1 septic tank at my dacha. Works perfectly, fully copes with the declared function.

"Easy installation, low price, easy maintenance. The quality and cost are fully justified. My parents installed this septic tank last summer and were very pleased. The first cleaning went quickly, without unpleasant odors.”

“I installed this septic tank for my parents at the dacha in the village. Used for three years, father is happy. Great option for giving, where there is a small amount of drain water.

"At correct installation, with a Triton septic tank, neither severe frosts nor other typical problems are terrible. Two years have passed since the installation of the septic tank, everyone is happy. The guests who came to our dacha also seriously thought about installing such a septic tank.”

"Aqua-bio".

The septic tank is for summer cottage, where you can create a filtration field or another type of soil post-treatment of water discharged from the tank. simple system The septic tank consists in the passage of contaminated water through 5 chambers. Initially, solid suspensions are deposited in 3 compartments of the tank, then in the remaining 2 chambers, processes of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter occur due to the development of anaerobic colonies on the surface of a special load.

The main advantages of this septic tank are a large number of chambers, which increases the efficiency of wastewater treatment. As a result, you will not need to reconstruct the filtration fields, which will be clean for a long time, which means you will not face additional costs during the operation of the septic tank. The tightness of the durable plastic housing eliminates the possibility of contaminated wastewater entering the soil.

The performance of different models can vary in the range from 600 to 1300 liters per day. It is from this indicator that the price of a septic tank for a summer residence depends. A simple calculation allows you to decide on the most suitable model, but do not forget that such a septic tank is not suitable for the area where high level ground water.

Models of the septic tank "Aqua-bio" differ from each other in performance and volume. Today containers are produced with a volume of: 3600, 3000, 2500, 2000 liters. Accordingly, with the productivity of l / day: 1300, 1100, 900, 700.

Prices for the septic tank "Aqua-bio"

If we talk about the cost of the Aqua septic tank, then, in comparison with similar solutions, such facilities cannot be classified as budget ones. You can verify this by carefully studying the table below.

Reviews about the septic tank "Aqua-bio"

“Not disappointed, works reliably and stably. In severe frost, once "grabbed" with ice by three centimeters. I had to resort to insulating covers.

“I ordered, completed the installation and have been operating for several years now. Everything is fine, I can say with confidence that he is not afraid of even severe frosts.

“I did a thorough installation, we wintered well, I leave a positive review and recommend this septic tank for a summer residence.”

Energy dependent septic tanks.

They need a constant connection to electricity, they can work on the principle of forced oxygen supply to the batteries, namely aerobic wastewater treatment. Such septic tank models are a real deep cleaning station that allows you to bring to required level when the drain can be directed to storm sewer, reservoirs and ditches without any risk of disturbing the ecological balance. Among domestic septic tanks, it is worth highlighting the five most common models.

"Tver".

Such a septic tank belongs to local treatment facilities, where wastewater treatment takes place in a complex manner. The device is using multiple different technologies, which are merged into single system and provide excellent results when used small area land plot.

It should be noted right away that such a solution is volatile and adapted for use in houses intended for permanent residence. But it is also great for giving, if simple conservation rules are followed.

The equipment contains a multi-chamber container and high-quality plastic. The first chamber acts as a sump that holds most of the sparingly soluble inclusions. Some of them will sink to the bottom, while the rest will float on the surface. Anaerobic decomposition processes take place here, continuing in the second chamber on biofilters. Then comes the chamber-aerotank, where the water is saturated with oxygen. This activates aerobic water purification by microorganisms. The liquid is further purified in several chambers, where it flows by gravity. In one of them there is a limestone load, where it is associated with harmful products decomposition, namely with compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus.

The addition of chlorine-containing reagents can increase the efficiency of water disinfection.

Models are installed on different types soil, even if the dacha is located on former peat mines, which are characterized by an increased aggressive environment. Durable plastic does not corrode, and an additional “anchor” pre-installed in the pit will not allow the tank to “float”.

home distinguishing feature septic tank "Tver" - receiving a large volume of wastewater. Therefore, if you need to drain the bath, then he will cope with this task without deteriorating the quality of the water at the outlet and without the release of untreated effluents.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Tver"

Reviews and price of the septic tank "Tver"

If you look at all the reviews about this product, you can come to the same conclusion: such a treatment plant in most cases fully satisfies the needs of everyone. modern man. There were no complaints about difficulty during operation or cleaning. One cannot but rejoice that this septic tank is a development of our specialists. At the same time, the price for it is affordable, as you can see by examining the information in our table.

Model name	Dimensions L×W×H, mm	Productivity, m 3 per day	Weight, kg	approximate price
0.75P	2250×850×1670	0,75	120	67500 rub.
0.75PN	2600×850×1670	0,75	140	77000 rub.
0.75PM	2250×850×1970	0,75		78000 rub.
0.75PNM	2600×850×1970	0,75	170	88000 rub.
1P	2500×1100×1670	1	150	86000 rub.
1PN	3050×1100×1670	1	180	96000 rub.
1RM	2500×1100×1970	1
1PNM	3000×1100×1970	1	210	100000 rub.
1.5P	3500×1100×1670	1,5	250	107500 rub.
1.5PN	3850×1100×1670	1,5	280	119000 rub.
1.5PM	3500×1100×1970	1,5	280	119000 rub.
1.5PNM	3850×1100×1970	1,5	310	128000 rub.

"Leader".

These septic tanks use electricity to remove sediment from septic tanks and to run an aerator that saturates the water with oxygen for the development of aerobic microorganisms that eat organic matter. As you can see, this is a volatile solution. Due to the integrated approach and the presence of six chambers, the process requires the use of special biological additives, and the system is highly resistant to temporary overloads due to wastewater pollution.

Wastewater treatment is carried out according to the principle that the discharge can be carried out in a convenient place: ditches, a reservoir or a drain well. As you can see, there are no violations of the norms for the discharge of pollutants, full consistency with the ecology of the surrounding nature.

Local wastewater treatment occurs according to the principle of passing through all the stages of the tank with pumping out the activated sludge that has accumulated. The first chamber is used for mechanical stage treatment - primary water clarification and sedimentation of suspended particles. The manufacturer indicates that the efficiency of this chamber is 2/3 of mineral contamination.

As for the second stage, a bioreactor is used here, in which anaerobic bacteria initiate fermentation (the conversion of difficult-to-oxidize substances into simple ones for the oxidation process). Moreover, bacteria develop on a polymer fishing line that imitates algae. In the subsequent blocks of the septic tank, namely in the third, fourth and fifth, wastewater is purified by aerobic bacteria. For them, all the conditions for life are provided, which are created with the help of two aerotanks with aerators.

The bacteria themselves multiply on the porous material, form entire colonies, turning into activated sludge. As a result of the victorious battle with drains, the last stage of the septic tank emerges. Here, phosphates are neutralized in an alkaline environment.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Leader"

The price of a septic tank Leader

The cost of a septic tank with a turnkey installation directly depends on its dimensions, power, weight, as well as connection to the sewer. Also, septic tanks differ in price, which depends on the chosen model of the cleaning device.

Nowadays, the price of a Leader septic tank may differ, so below we will understand not only the price category, but also different models septic tank.

"Poplar".

The design of this septic tank allows it to be used in the following temperature range - from -30 to +40 0С. It works on the principle of sewer water passing through four compartments (aerators are installed in two of them). Regular supply of oxygen to the contents has a positive effect on the development of bacteria that are responsible for the decomposition of the biomaterial. The necessary oxygen pressure is provided by compressors, and the process of fluid circulation between different compartments is carried out by airlifts.

When human waste is decomposed by bacteria, the wastewater enters the sump, where activated sludge is deposited, and the liquid is sent through the filter to the collection system. All pumps are in a sealed compartment, as a result of which the ingress of moisture on the contacts is completely excluded and reliable protection of the equipment is provided.

The body of the septic tank is made of polymers that do not corrode, and average term A septic tank is approximately 50 years old. As for deposits, they are removed independently or with the help of a sewage machine.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Poplar"

Septic tank "Poplar": reviews and prices

If installation work is carried out in strict accordance with all requirements, then there will be no questions during the operation of the Topol septic tank. We got acquainted with the numerous reviews on the operation of this treatment plant, which we could find on the Internet, and came to the following conclusion: the reviews are mostly positive, without harsh criticism of the septic tank and its characteristics. The main thing is to choose the installation that is appropriate in terms of performance and carry out its correct installation.

If we talk about prices, they are competitive, not cheaper and not more expensive than other options. Of course, they grow as the capacity and capacity increase. In the table below, you will be able to get acquainted with the average cost of the Topol installation of various capacities.

Model	Price in rubles.	Electricity consumption, kW/day	Maximum one-time discharge in liters	Daily processing, m 3 / day	Number of conditional users
"Poplar 3"	70000 rub.	0,9	170	0,65	1-3
Topol 3 PR	76000 rub.	1,2	170	0,65	1-3
"Topol 5"	80900 rub.	1,5	250	1,1	up to 5
Topol 5 PR	87900 rub.	1,2 / 1,5	250	1,1	up to 5
Poplar 5 Long	103500 rub.	1,5	250	1,1	up to 5
"Topol 5 Long PR"	110800 rub.	1,5	250	1,1	up to 5
"Topol 8"	99800 rub.	1,6 / 1,9	470	1,9	6-8
Topol 8 PR	119000 rub.	1,6 / 1,9	470	1,9	6-8
Poplar 8 Long	115500 rub.	1,6 / 1,9	470	1,9	6-8
Poplar 8 Long PR	120900 rub.	1,6 / 1,9	470	1,9	6-8
"Topol 10"	125000 rub.	2,3 / 2,6	790	3,3	9-10
Poplar 10 PR	135000 rub.	2,3 / 2,6	790	3,3	9-10
"Poplar 10 Long"	144000 rub.	2,3 / 2,6	790	3,3	9-10
"Topol 10 Long PR"	153000 rub.	2,3 / 2,6	790	3,3	9-10

"Topas".

In the Topas septic tank, sewage water is cleaned in several directions: the process of decomposition organic materials, reducing the salinity of wastewater, as well as cleaning from mechanical impurities. The principle of operation of such a septic tank cannot be considered innovative, but be that as it may, it provides purified water (98%) that you can use for irrigation.

The first stage of cleaning is carried out in the receiving stone, in which mechanical impurities are deposited. Then the airlift pumps partially purified water into the aeration tank to resolve organic compounds as a result of the vital activity of bacteria (their colonies are in activated sludge). Silt suspensions coming with water have a deeper cleaning, which are deposited in the next compartment. The fully purified water will then be removed from the system and the sludge returned for later use.

Service maintenance of equipment occurs when checking the operation of the compressor and diagnosing a septic tank.

Table of characteristics "Topas"

Model name

Calculated for the number of people

Dimensions, mm

Ecopan.

The Ecopan septic tank has been designed for use on heaving soils with a high clay content. The destructive effects of the soil are compensated by the two-layer design of the septic tank with a huge amount of internal partitions between the first polymer layers. For light soils, it is better to use Ecopan L series. It is resistant to various mechanical damage, as it has a wall thickness of up to 8 mm.

A phased cleaning process is carried out by six sections of the septic tank. In the first compartment, heavy and light suspensions are deposited, which differ in terms of accumulation through the hatch provided by the manufacturers. Then follows the aerobic process, which is carried out inside the next compartment. Ruff loading guarantees the rapid development of bacteria that decompose organic compounds. In the next chamber, oxygen is supplied to oxidize with a compress and deepen the decomposition process.

Suspensions are settled and mixtures are settled in the next compartment, from where the sediment is pumped to the first chamber for subsequent removal. To treat wastewater to the required values, the penultimate compartment is used, in which colonies of organisms on a ruff load bring the decomposition of biomaterials, and limestone ensures a normal pH of the environment. Purified water from the last chamber is discharged from the system by gravity or by means of a pump.

Table of characteristics of the septic tank "Ecopan"

The price of the septic tank "Ecopan"

Septic tanks for giving "Ecopan" are not too expensive - their prices are comparable to the cost of similar VOCs. Below we provide a table with the cost of the most popular models of local septic tanks.

Model of the septic tank "Ecopan"	Average price in rubles
L-2	63000
T-2	78000
L-2D	70000
T-2D	86000
L-3	70500
T-3	85000
L-3D	81000
T-3D	95000
L-5	90000
T-5	108000
L-5D	100000
T-5D	119000
L-7	116000
T-7	140000
L-7D	130000
T-7D	140000

Varieties autonomous sewers there are many. But what is the best septic tank for a summer residence or a country house for a particular family is often not clear to choose. Each type of VOC has its own advantages. Plus, there are a huge number of factory models with their own distinctive advantages. However, it is necessary to install something on the plot. Without a treatment plant, there is no need to talk about comfortable living outside the city.

Description and principle of operation of septic tanks

The septic tank is designed for the accumulation and partial or complete processing of sewage from the house. Such structures are placed in dachas for temporary stay and near cottages where a family of several people lives all year round. Accordingly, the type and performance of the treatment plant is selected based on the number of residents and the intensity of their use of the internal sewage system.

When sewage enters the septic tank, these waters are settled (clarified), and then drained into the ground or pumped out by sewers. This is how an ordinary cesspool with anaerobic bacteria works. If a cottage is being improved, then such a simple cesspool is ideal for it.

In more advanced biological stations with deep cleaning, aerobic microorganisms are used, which, with the help of a compressor, are supplied with an additional volume of air inside the septic tank. So they eat organic matter much faster.

Choosing the type of septic tank

All variations of septic tanks are divided into:

Cumulative;

Anaerobic;

Aerobic.

In the first case, the treatment plant is the simplest sealed reservoir for the accumulation of wastewater. For their subsequent pumping, a sewage machine is then used.

Storage tank "Rostok"

Two-chamber septic tank "Tank"

The third option is full-fledged stations that process sewage by 95-99%. At the outlet of them, the water has technical condition, which allows it to be used for watering the garden in the country or washing the car in the garage near the house.

Autonomous cleaning station "Topas"

Accumulators and most of the anaerobic septic tanks are non-volatile structures. They do not have pumps and compressors, all water flows inside occur by gravity. They do not require electricity to operate. If water supply for a country house is organized from a well or centrally, then such option is suitable perfect for a cottage.

Aerobic septic tanks are stations that depend on uninterrupted power supply. They have better effluent treatment rates. But the aerators pumping air into the chamber with activated sludge need constant power from the electrical network.

For summer cottages, it is best to choose a septic tank of the first or second type. Such VOCs are cheaper to manufacture, easier to maintain and do not depend on the power supply. But for full-fledged private houses outside the city, it is worth choosing an aerobic station. A large family of effluents produces a lot; a cesspool or an anaerobic plant will not be able to cope with significant daily volumes.

For the manufacture of septic tanks are used:

Reinforced concrete.

The best septic tanks for summer cottages are factory anaerobic models with a polyethylene casing. They effectively clean drains, take up little space and do not need electricity. Plus, you can put them right next to the country house. Moreover, it does not matter if the screw or pile-strip foundation is used for its construction.

Moisture from such VOC will not have a special effect on this base. Such a septic tank is airtight, and the infiltrator or drainage well can be taken away from the building. In a similar situation, when building a house, it is even allowed to use gas silicate blocks, which really do not like high humidity.

The choice of performance and volume of the septic tank

Septic tanks for summer cottages and cottages are selected based on calculations of water consumption by people living in the house. If it is known how much waste flows into the sewer per day, then it will not be difficult to make a choice in favor of one or another structure. For all factory-made models, the passport indicates their total volume, salvo discharge and daily productivity.

With a complete calculation of the cubic capacity of wastewater discharged into the sewer, according to all the rules, it is necessary to take into account all plumbing fixtures in a residential building. Each of them has its own average rate of water discharge per day. For example, about 0.1 is drained from the toilet into the septic tank, 0.15–0.2 from the sink in the kitchen or bath, and about 0.14 l / day from the shower. It is necessary to add up the consumption of all plumbing installed in the dwelling - this will be the total volume of wastewater per person.

Model range "Termite" for various volumes

Similar accurate calculations often produced only by designers. To simplify the calculations, it is customary to lay a minimum of 150 and a maximum of 200 liters per person per day. A septic tank for a summer residence is usually calculated according to the minimum bar, and for a house with permanent residence - according to the maximum.

After determining the daily volume, it is multiplied by 3 (three days). It is within three days that sewage in the septic tank is completely processed. Based on this received figure, it will be possible to choose which station, specifically in terms of volume, is better to install on your site.

Choosing a manufacturer of septic tanks for a summer residence

It is impossible to say unequivocally which septic tanks for summer cottages should be purchased here and now right in the store. The range of ready-made stations from the factory is extensive. Some come out cheaper at the price of VOCs, the latter are easier to install, and still others are optimally suited in terms of volume for a particular situation.

Among domestic manufacturers, stations from:

GK "TOPOL-ECO" - various models"Topas".

"Triton Plastic" - "Tank", "MikrobMini" and "BioTank".

PC "Multplast" - "Termite" and "Ergobox".

"SBM-Group" - "Unilos" with modifications "Astra", "Cedar" and "Mega".

Septic tanks for dachas of these manufacturers occupy the lion's share Russian market VOC. Owners often refer to their products as their own. best choice. The range of these factories includes both anaerobic non-volatile models and more efficient aerobic models with pumps. Among them there are modifications not only for standard soils, but also for areas with high GWL.

Of the foreign manufacturers, only Finnish Uponor is worth mentioning. If the dacha is located in the North-West of the Russian Federation and preference is given to imports, then better than a septic tank will be difficult to find. This company offers several solutions for a different number of people living in a cottage. There are plenty to choose from. Here, as - the market has domestic products and imported. The choice is at the discretion of the buyer.

Which septic tank to choose for a summer residence or a house?

A septic tank for a summer residence can be made independently of brick, iron barrel or concrete rings. This is the cheapest option. But it is much easier to take a ready-made treatment plant from the factory, which only needs to be installed in a pre-dug pit. And if you have money and want European quality, then you can order a cleaning station made in Finland. The choice is extensive, it all depends on the excellent preferences of the owner of the cottage.

The appearance of the septic tank at the cottage

Living in your own home will be comfortable if the owners provide for this all the necessary conditions. Few people are already attracted to options with the delivery of buckets of water from a well, with a board toilet on the site. All this is acceptable for dacha conditions with occasional weekend visits, but it looks like a complete anachronism if the family lives in the house permanently. And this means that normal housing should be equipped with water supply and sewerage. Well, if in locality there is a possibility of connection to the central highways and collectors. But such cases are quite rare, and more often it is necessary to create completely autonomous systems.

How to choose a septic tank - detailed instructions

Water supply is a separate multifaceted topic, and in this case we are interested in the creation of an independent sewerage system. Discharge of untreated wastewater into the environment is strictly prohibited. This means that it is necessary to install special structures or devices for collecting, settling, cleaning, clarifying wastewater. In the practice of private housing construction optimal solution this issue is the use of special containers - septic tanks. Such an element can be built on its own or purchased ready-made. This publication will discuss how to choose a factory-made septic tank, that is, what criteria for evaluating a product should pay special attention to.

What is a septic tank. The principle of its action

Septic tank - essential element autonomous system sewerage or treatment plant. And, although it is not a complete wastewater treatment scheme in itself, its role is extremely important.

The main purpose of any septic tank is the collection of all sewage from a house (a group of houses), their settling and preliminary biological treatment of varying degrees of depth. The effluents that have passed such a cycle are discharged into ground filtration devices or structures, or are subject to regular pumping using special equipment. In any case, it excludes the ingress of polluted effluents into the environment, representing a chemical and bacteriological hazard to it.

A septic tank is a local sewerage device on the site. There are many varieties of systems and types.

These are simple designs made independently, and treatment plants. This article should help you choose the best septic tank for your private home.

The main purpose is the collection, settling and purification of wastewater. They are used in places where there is no centralized system - in summer cottages, outside the city.

There are several parameters by which this component of the local sewage system is classified:

by the number of wells;
by material;
for constructive solutions.

Based on the number of wells, there are single-chamber, two-chamber and three-chamber. The material in the manufacture is steel, reinforced concrete, plastic. According to the design, accumulative, with soil post-treatment, with deep filtration are distinguished.

Cumulative

Consists of one chamber or two interconnected wells. Waste that enters a hermetically sealed storage tank is divided into liquid and solid. Organic matter is broken down, and the liquid settles. So that the chambers do not overflow, they should be pumped out periodically.

This option is considered not the most expensive. They are used in summer cottages, where accommodation takes place only during the season or on weekends. In this case, you can clean it once a year.

Important: storage systems should be used with a small amount of wastewater, for example, in summer cottages, otherwise the cost of their maintenance will be high.

In the construction of structures use concrete rings and plastic containers.

With soil treatment

In a house with permanent residence of people and the presence of running water the best option overflow structure will be installed. In it, the liquid is not only settled, but also additionally purified.

This type requires pumping less often. It is cleaned with their own hands every two to three years. To increase this period, use special bacteria. As a result of their activities, the amount of denser waste is significantly reduced.

There is only one caveat to using this model - the type of soil. It cannot be built on a site with clay soil and with a high groundwater level.

With biological treatment

The decomposition of waste in such an installation occurs in several stages and by various methods. First, liquid and solid waste fractions are separated. Then the denser ones settle to the bottom, and organic matter is biorecycled.

This model is more of a treatment plant equipped with a compressor. It is quite expensive, but it neutralizes up to 95% of drain masses. Installed in areas located near a reservoir or with a high GWL. During operation, it does not emit any odors.

The principle of operation of the septic tank is based on the connection to the mains. With an unstable power supply, the station will not be able to work.

anaerobic and aerobic

Bacteria are used in some types of modern sedimentation tanks. In the course of their life, they absorb waste and contribute to the natural treatment of wastewater. According to the principle of work, they are:

aerobic;
anaerobic.

Aerobic bacteria purify and clarify the liquid by 95-98%. At the outlet of the aerobic system, it meets the requirements accepted for technical water. This liquid can be used to water the soil or fill a reservoir.

An anaerobic septic tank requires constant maintenance. Every two months it is necessary to top up the bioactivator to ensure that the wastewater treatment is at the proper level. The advantages of using this type include the low cost of construction.

How to choose

In parallel with the construction of the house, the sewerage system is also being designed. Previously, this was not particularly taken care of, and all the masses simply merged into cesspools.

Later, they began to be replaced by septic tanks - containers for collecting wastewater from a residential building. To know which sump to choose, you should study all the factors that affect its location on the site.

We take into account the type of soil

The type of soil on the site should be taken into account. Some of them are not suitable for use in clayey rock, others are preferable to put in sandy soil.

In the work should follow a few simple rules:

when groundwater is located at a depth of one and a half meters, it is difficult to prepare drainage for a three-section sump;
on sandy soil, it is preferable to mount a container with biological treatment. The liquid is directly discharged into the sand, where it is absorbed. Filtration drainage is arranged closer to the surface;
at a high position surface water a variant with deep biological treatment should be used. It is made heavier with the help of improvised means or fixed.

Clay is an unstable material that requires additional work in a sump installation. At the end of frost, the structure of the clay changes, it thaws and pushes the structure out of the soil. Therefore, a septic tank in clayey rock is equipped with additional metal clamps during installation.

For containers used in clay soils, two filtration fields are arranged. For this, two trenches are brought to the sump. In one are, and in the other - a layer of gravel, the height of which is up to 30 cm.

Seasonality and volume calculation

An important point when choosing the type of sump is the period of residence in the country or in your home. When installing a minimum set of plumbing, an inexpensive single-chamber storage option is quite suitable.

Despite its simplicity, from cesspool it is qualitatively different. Sand or gravel is poured to the bottom of the drive. Thus, a filtration layer is formed, which cleans the effluents with a 50% result.

For longer stays, you should purchase a compact two-chamber version. It consists of sections for settling and infiltration of effluents. The use of this type of equipment is effective if the volume of drain masses does not exceed its standard value.

Important: when purchasing a septic tank, carefully consider its choice specifications. Particular attention should be paid to the number of residents it is designed for.

With permanent residence and enough funds, it is better to purchase a whole station, consisting of two or three sections. It can be prefabricated or built independently from reinforced concrete rings.

With its device, a one- or two-chamber drive and a filter section are combined. Settling tanks are made airtight, and a filtration septic tank with a drainage bottom made of sand and gravel. The liquid is pumped out with a vacuum cleaner from the storage sections, and the filter is changed every three years. This multi-chamber sump purifies effluents by 90%.

The volume of the device is calculated based on the average daily rate of sewage per person. This figure is 200 liters. Also, when calculating the capacity of the sump, the number of people living in the house and the possibility of accumulating a three-day supply are taken into account. For example, for a family of three, the volume is calculated as follows: 200 * 3 people * 3 days - equal to 1800 liters.

In the event of the arrival of guests, the volume received should be increased by two thirds: 1800 * 1.66 - equal to 3000 liters.

The recommended depth of sedimentation tanks is 1.3-5 meters. Using these data, their cubature is determined and the required type is selected. With a volume of drains up to 1 m3. use a single-chamber version, with a volume of up to 10 cubic meters. choose a two-chamber type if the volume of effluents is more than 10 cubic meters. - three-chamber, with a field for drainage.

A sump with a filtration field combines two or three wells. The drainage zone covers an area underground of at least 30 sq. m. The distance from the field to the house is 30 meters.

With a high occurrence in the groundwater area, it is recommended to install a multi-section septic tank with a biofilter. This model includes four compartments: a sump, an anaerobic chamber where large waste decomposes, a separator containing a filter with microorganisms, an aerobic septic tank with forced ventilation.

The performance of the proposed wastewater treatment plants meets a variety of requests. There are also for sale small options to serve a family of one or two people, and entire treatment facilities to serve a holiday village.

Material for manufacturing

Most models of modern multi-chamber devices used in private homes are made from PVC. Often there are products from of stainless steel and fiberglass.

The main advantage of plastic products is their low weight. Their installation does not require the involvement of special construction equipment. On the other hand, this quality is also a disadvantage, since the container may float or be subjected to mechanical action of the soil. To protect the structure, concreting the walls of the pit and securing the septic tank with belts are used.

The choice of material of the product depends on its service life and reliability of work:

Reinforced concrete rings used in the construction of sedimentation tanks are not subject to destructive corrosion processes. For their installation, it is necessary to involve special equipment.
Metal structures are durable and low cost. But, perhaps, these are the only advantages. Such types require additional waterproofing work. Internal walls constantly come into contact with active chemical material, which leads to destruction.
Fiberglass is a chemically neutral material that is strong, light and resistant to temperature changes.

For your information: fiberglass products are the most practical in use, have long term operation.

For cleaning structures in country houses, factory-made or home-made sedimentation tanks are used.

Do-it-yourself options from improvised materials are only suitable for cottages with seasonal residence of several people. For a house with permanent residence of people, it is better to use a purchased installation, which guarantees a long and safe removal of waste.

The use of a two-chamber device allows for primary wastewater treatment and safe disposal of purified water into the soil.

Service

Trouble-free operation of a septic tank requires its maintenance. These works are carried out on their own or with the involvement of specialists.

Simple two-chamber do-it-yourself structures are serviced by the owners of the houses themselves. These works include pumping out solid fractions and sludge from the settling chamber, replacing microorganisms for the decomposition of organic matter, revision of ventilation and overflow pipes.

Once every three years, the filter layer at the bottom of a leaky chamber should be replaced. This should be carried out, since the bottom is silted, which leads to a deterioration in its operation.

By performing these simple operations, you will extend the operation of the local sewage system for several years.

If your house is served by a multi-chamber treatment plant, then its disassembly, filter cleaning, membrane replacement should be carried out by qualified specialists.

Local sewerage costs

The cheapest designs are septic tanks or sewers. If you dig a pit yourself, then the financial costs will go only to the purchase of a container for wastewater. approximate price septic tanks with a volume of 1.4 to 5.0 thousand liters - 15.0-62.0 thousand rubles.

When arranging a local sewage system, the costs include not only the purchase of sedimentation tanks, but also the purchase of pipes, waterproofing, and the purchase of components for.

The cost, consisting of two or three reinforced concrete sedimentation tanks with waterproofing and a cushion of sand and gravel, is about 42.0-47.0 thousand rubles. The price depends on the diameter of the rings, their number, the choice of water purification method.

The installations used for deep biological wastewater treatment have a high cost. Arranged in the form of combined blocks, equipped with biofilters. They are made of reinforced concrete, plastic and metal. Price from 80.0 to 345.0 thousand rubles.

Popular models and principles of operation

two-chamber septic tank with a drainage field. It allows you to make drains cleaner and less likely to use the services of a sewer. The drainage area is up to 30 sq. m. underground areas. Distance from home - at least 30 m;
multi-section sump with biofilter. It is used in the case of permanent residence of a family of 3-4 people in a country house and with a high occurrence of groundwater on the site.

The standard model consists of four sections: the sump itself, a chamber for splitting coarse waste with anaerobic waste, a separator with microorganisms, an aerobic septic tank that plays the role of a drainage field.

You can find designs that meet the most diverse requirements of users. It could also be a wastewater treatment plant. Rating:

"Triton". Compact in size three-chamber sump for giving.

Available in models, the volume of which is from 2 to 40 cubic meters. Cleaning of coarse waste is carried out twice a year. The service life, subject to the rules, is about 50 years.

During installation, the walls of the pit are concreted to securely fasten the structure.

For small cottages with seasonal residence of one or two people, they use two-chamber model"Triton-mini".

"Tank". The septic tank is made of high-strength plastic.

The principle of operation is based on the stage-by-stage purification of wastewater with the help of settling and the use of biofilters. The main advantages include ease of installation, high level of purification, low cost. Cleaning is carried out every five years.

"Topas". It is a volatile model, as it runs on electricity.

Effluent is treated in several stages: decomposition of large particles, reduction of their degree of mineralization, mechanical removal components. Allows you to clean wastewater by 98%, which is the best indicator. Purified water is used to irrigate the soil.

In order to choose the right option, you should find out the requirements of its work and study the conditions of the site. Then compare the characteristics of models offered by different manufacturers.

Useful video

Detailed breakdown:

Everything on the shelves: