Glass processing at home. The approximate price of polishing products. Glass aquariums

The molecular structure of the glass allows it cut, saw, drill, grind, glue, engrave, bend and even pull into threads!

A glass cutter is required to cut glass. Roller glass cutters are used more often.

A - glass cutters with such a handle were produced forty years ago. Their advantage is the heavy head, which is convenient for tapping the cutting line. B and C are cheap Chinese glass cutters. Sold under the brands Jobo, Kraftool, Stayer. They are difficult to use for cutting glass due to the poor quality of the rollers and glass cutter head. On Kraftool, the damaged teeth of the head are clearly visible after breaking off the glass. D - professional roller glass cutter Silberschnitt ("Silberschnit"). My favorite model. A versatile and reliable tool.

Professional oil glass cutter Touo TC-17 is good for curved cuts. If you need to regularly cut glass, you should not save on a glass cutter. Although professional glass cutters are not cheap, it will cost more to spoil the glass. And the most expensive part in a professional glass cutter is the roller.

The rollers are made of alloy stainless steel. They differ in sharpening angle, usually 130-165 degrees. Rollers with a sharpening angle of 130 degrees are used for cutting glass with a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, and those sharpened at an angle of 1 to 150 degrees are used for cutting glass with a thickness of 4-10 mm. For glass thicker than 10 mm, use a glass cutter with a roll of 155-165 degrees.

Glass is cut like this

The cutting table must be level and stable. The surface is covered with a thin isolate, but ideally a thin carpet or felt is glued to the table. It is more convenient to cut this way, and the underside of the glass will not be scratched by fragments that are inevitably formed during cutting. The glass is placed on the surface of the table, marked, pressed against it with a ruler.

Faithful friends of the glazier - a ruler, kerosene and a hammer

The ruler for cutting glass is a ruler with a strip of thin rubber glued to the bottom so that the ruler does not move when cutting. Or it is a special ruler with suction cups embedded in it. You can make one yourself.

So, we draw a cutting line with a glass cutter.

Important! This line must not be interrupted and repeated. It should be drawn in one pass.

Then we move the glass off the table and gently tap the cutting line with a small hammer - this is another faithful friend of the glazier. Next, we lay the glass with a cutting line on the edge of the table and break it off by pressing it with a board with the help of clamps. Clamps are especially important if the glass is thick.

With some skill, you can stretch the cut line with your fingers, especially if the glass is thin.

So, we have learned how to cut straight lines. And the curves? To do this, first, instead of a ruler, we will cut out a pattern - for example, from thick linoleum. The rest of the operations are similar.

You can even cut a circle out of glass. This will require a circular glass cutter or a round template. suitable diameter... If there is a compass, then we fix a suction cup on the glass and draw a circle. Of course, without interrupting the cutting line.

Then we draw rays from the circle to the edges of the glass.

We turn the glass over, use the glass cutter handle to gently push the cut line and rays. If everything is done correctly, then the workpiece itself will disintegrate into a circle and side fragments.

If you have only a pancake piece at hand, then you can fix it on the glass with double-sided tape against displacement, and then also draw a cutting line around it.

Not only flat glass can be cut

For example, you can cut bottles. They make interesting vases or shades for lamps. For this, an impromptu workbench is usually assembled from a base and three cubes. The bottle is placed between the bars and rotated with the left hand, while a cutting line is drawn in the right hand with a glass cutter.

Then the cutting line is tapped from the inside with a hairpin with a weighting agent and the cut part is separated from the bottle.

If it is impossible to tap the cutting line from the inside, gently warm it up with a portable gas burner... The main condition is that the bottle must have a smooth surface, preferably a cylindrical shape. Bottle complex shape, angular for example, is more difficult to cut.

We learned how to cut, now we need to process the cutting line. Those who do stained glass work use the portable diamond cutting machines Inland or Kristall 2000, which quickly grind even an uneven cut line.

If you need to blunt the edges window glass, you can use a diamond-coated sponge or a whetstone for sharpening knives, after moistening it.

If more sanding is required, then a grinding attachment for a drill with waterproof sandpaper will come in handy.

We drill glass with our own hands

Glass often has to be drilled. For example, to attach a handle to a glass door or hang a mirror.

Drills for glass are tubular with diamond coating or carbide lance.

It is advisable to use a drilling machine, because the drill is difficult to install strictly vertically, which can cause the glass to burst when pressed. Place the glass on a soft lining - for example, rubber or carpet. Drilled in a water bath. To do this, a plastic or rubber ring is attached around the drilling zone, then water is poured into it and carefully drilled. Do not press hard on the glass. First, they drill halfway on one side, then turn the glass over, align the drill and the drilling point and drill from the reverse side.

Glass engraving

Drills can be used to pattern glass, trim small parts or mark.

They are produced by Dremel, Prohohop, Bort, Caliber, Energomash and other manufacturers.

Glass gluing rules

Before gluing, the glass surfaces are thoroughly degreased. Technical acetone is not suitable for this purpose, as it leaves an oily film. High purity acetone 04 or analytical grade is used, as well as special formulations Bohle glass degreaser. It is recommended to heat the glass before gluing to remove traces of moisture.

Most types of glass glue are light-curing, that is, setting occurs under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. When gluing with superfluid compounds, the glued surfaces are tightly fixed to each other, then the glue is applied to the side of the joint: it will flow into the seam by itself - after which the product is illuminated with ultraviolet light.

In workshops, UV lamps are used for this, and House master can get by with the sun - for example, pulling back the curtains after fixing the bonded parts. Usually one minute is enough to complete the process. After the first rays of ultraviolet light have hit the product, it will be impossible to fix the junction.

If the composition is not superfluid, then the surfaces to be glued are wetted with glue before joining them. Then it is illuminated with ultraviolet light.

Two-component epoxy compounds are pre-mixed, and then applied to the surfaces to be glued and tightly fixed for a long time from half an hour to a day. This gluing method is used for inconspicuous places.

Glass color

The industry produces paints with good adhesion to glass.

But when making vases or shades, it is easier to matt the glass surface - and then any paint from an aerosol can holds well on it.

DIY glass polishing

But miniature surfaces are polished with drills with polishing attachments and polishing pastes based on crocus, polyrite or zirconium oxide.

Relatively simple, but requires the utmost care.
The glass is placed on an absolutely smooth surface (for example, a plastic tabletop kitchen table). The glass cutter must be held so that the index finger is on top, and the tool itself is in a position close to vertical.
The glass cutter works on a ruler or on a flat rail. Alternatively, insulating tape can be used instead of the rail.
Start cutting from the far edge of the blade. A glass cutter is carried over the surface - towards itself - only once, evenly pressing on the glass. In this case, the glass should make a faint crackling sound.

If the glass cutter is sharp, but still does not cut at normal pressure, it must be soaked in kerosene.
With proper work with a good glass cutter, a thin, colorless line should remain on the glass. If she looks like a rough scratch white, it means your movement was wrong or you are using a blunt glass cutter.
A dull glass cutter can be sharpened with a fine-grained emery wheel.
If the cut did not work the first time, do not despair - turn the glass over and repeat the cut on the other side.

Before breaking off the glass, place matches under it at the end of the notch. In order for the incision made to turn into an even break, it is gently tapped from below with a hammer and then broken off. Small pieces are broken off using special side cutouts available on the glass cutter, or using pliers.

Well, what if you didn't have a glass cutter at hand? You can resort to a somewhat complicated, but equally effective method - to cut the glass with an electric soldering iron.
To do this, at the beginning of the proposed cut, you need to make a notch on the glass with a triangular file, then heat the glass with a soldering iron tip a few millimeters from it along the line of the future cut until a crack appears from the risk to the heating place. So, gradually moving the soldering iron, you need to go along the entire line.
To speed up the process, you can cool the glass from time to time with a damp cloth.

Glass edge processing

Glass edge processing- the next stage of working with glass. The edge of the glass is processed on special machines, but at home we will use a file or a sharpening bar.
For thick glass it is better to take a personal file, for thin glass it is better to take a velvet file.
(See article)

When working, the files must be moistened with water, kerosene, turpentine, preferably a 10% solution of camphor in pure turpentine.
Of the sharpening stones, you can use emery and carborundum, and the latter do not need to be moistened. When working, do not press hard on the glass; it is necessary to file the glass not across, but along its edge.
The thinner the glass, the more careful you need to work.

To obtain a straight edge, the glass is moved back and forth over the surface of the bar.
It must be borne in mind that the file and the blocks deteriorate greatly during such work: the file becomes dull, scratches form on the blocks. Therefore, it is advisable to use old files and old emery bars for grinding the glass edge.
When processing the edge of the glass, you must wear cotton gloves.

Drilling glass

Small holes in the glass are drilled with ordinary glass, which is pre-tempered.
The tip of the drill is made white hot, and then quickly pressed into the sealing wax and held until the sealing wax stops melting.
When drilling, the tip of the drill is abundantly moistened with turpentine.
Small glass objects can be drilled in water.

If you don't have a drill at hand, you can use a piece of ordinary copper wire.
To do this, you need to prepare a paste consisting of coarse emery, camphor and turpentine. 1 part of camphor in powder is dissolved in 2 parts of turpentine and mixed with 4 parts of coarse emery. The resulting paste is applied to the place where you want to drill a hole.
A piece of copper wire is clamped into a drill chuck.
It is convenient to drill glass through plywood (conductor), which has pilot holes.
The glass should rest on a hard and flat surface.

All of the above is suitable if you need to drill a small hole in the glass, but if it needs to be large?
To do this, use one of the following methods;

1. To drill holes with a diameter of more than 4 mm in thick glass, use a copper tube clamped in a cartridge drilling machine... The diameter of the tube should be slightly less than the diameter of the selected hole. It is very important that the end of the tube is strictly perpendicular to its axis - this can be easily achieved by milling the tube on a lathe.
A ring-shaped fence with an inner diameter of 40-50 mm and a height of 8-10 mm is made of plasticine or putty on the glass around the intended hole.
Corundum powder is poured inside the ring (it is easy to prepare it by crushing a piece of an unusable emery wheel). The powder is poured with a small amount of water to make a liquid gruel, after which they start drilling.

2. A hole in the glass can also be made with melted glass.
A small hill of slightly moistened river sand is poured onto the glass surface, previously thoroughly degreased with acetone, gasoline or alcohol.
A conical recess is made in it with a sharply sharpened stick and an area equal to the future hole is cleared of sand. Molten solder is poured into the resulting sand mold with a temperature of 250-300 C.
After the solder has cooled, the sand is removed, and the solder cone is taken out together with the glass circle adhered to it.

And finally, a way to drill a very large round hole in glass.
To cut a large round hole in glass, you must first drill a small hole in the center, then fix one end of the wire in it, and attach a glass cutter or diamond to its other end and cut a circle with it.
Then, with a glass cutter or diamond, several radii are drawn along a ruler from the hole to the circle line. After that, they take the glass in their hands and quietly hit the wooden handle of a hammer from the back side.
Cut pieces of glass should fall out.
It is advisable to knock out the cut out parts of the glass in water. This reduces the likelihood of damage to the processed glass.

After a cut or, more precisely, after a fracture of both flat and cylindrical glass, the edges along the fracture line may turn out to be uneven, with protrusions, notches and sharp edges. In this case, the edge of the glass must be leveled.
To roughly trim the uneven edges after trimming, pliers are used, which do not break off the protruding pieces of glass, but, gently pressing on the edge of the glass with the very ends of the flat lips of the tool, gradually and gradually crush or crush the edges of the glass.
Glass edge processing technology is similar to glass edge processing when cutting.

Glass is a very fragile and very dangerous material, therefore, when working with it, the utmost care and accuracy must be observed.

but this process does not require professional training and can be done at home. The main thing is practice!

How to properly cut glass with a glass cutter

Before you start cutting glass (or mirror), you need to prepare all the necessary tools.

This is a surface treatment on the glass plate to make it reflective. The surface is coated with a tin oxide solution, the reducing effect of which allows the silver metal to be deposited from the silver nitrate solution. The copper layer is then applied to a metallic silver film, obtained either by metal or by a stepless electrolytic spray, which tends to protect it, over time, by oxidation. A layer of lead varnish is then deposited for further chemical protection.

Finally, it is covered with an opaque varnish that provides mechanical protection metal layers. In recent years, the use of epoxy paint has eliminated copper and formaldehyde and reduced lead levels, resulting in a more sustainable product.

For work we need:

• Glass cutter (diamond or roller).
• Long metal ruler.
• Pliers with rubber pads (for breaking glass).
• Rubber mallet.

You also need to take care of the glass itself. It should be at room temperature, dry and clean. You can use a rag or baking soda solution to remove dust from the glass. This point is very important, because when working with "dirty" glass, a split can occur not along the notch line, but in another place, and the glass cutter itself breaks down faster.

In industrial processing, glass is classified according to its macroscopic physical characteristics. Manufacturing facilities provide flat glass mainly in two basic sizes. This distribution format is used for the more expensive semi-finished product. ... Due to its high hardness, glass is processed only with special tools, including grinding wheels.

Cutting small pieces can be done by hand using special tools, but in general it is done with a CNC cutting table, which is a fixed plane, usually velvety and with holes to create air cushion which is also called "pantograph". Above this there is a movable bridge which is through a glass cutter equipped with a tungsten carbide wheel or tungsten carbide or synthetic diamonds of the practice of glass engraving depending on the program carried out with software called the "Optimizer", which by introducing the degree of plates as a stock of Stocks, inserting the measures to be reduced; optimizer software is implemented to optimize the cut while minimizing friction.

1. You need to cut glass on a flat surface. To do this, you can put it on a workbench or table, which is covered with a soft cloth.
2. The glass to be cut must lie flat on the table surface.
3. Next, you need to attach a wide wooden ruler and at a distance of 1-2 mm. (for a roller screw) and 3-4 mm. (for diamond), then run the tool along the entire length of the glass, starting from the far side. In this case, the self-tapping screw must be held perpendicular to the glass.
4. If everything is done correctly, then a thin, colorless trace will remain on the glass, and the glass itself should produce a characteristic crackle when cutting.
5. If the glass sticks together, and the notch line is not straight, then you are pressing hard on the tool, or you are working on the wrong side.
6. Further, the cutting line must be shifted evenly to the edge of the tabletop so that it protrudes 3-4 millimeters.
7. Glass up to 5 mm thick. break off with both hands with a sharp downward movement. In this case, hands should be located at the edges of the glass and protected by gloves.
8. If the glass is thicker, then several light blows are applied along the cutting line with a rubber mallet, and then they are broken off in the same way.
9. Rubber pliers are used when a very thin part needs to be broken off.

How to finish the edges

After the glass has been successfully cut, it usually contains ridges and dents that must be removed to prevent cuts or injuries.

Glass cut in this way will then be cut by an employee using cutting board... During the programming phase, it is recommended to set vertical cuts on the plate so that when opening the glasses it is easier to work on two small areas.

For laminated glass, laminated glass cuts are performed both on the top of the plate, as on the underside of the top of the same, since they are two combination of glazing, while a polymer film holding a combination of two plates is usually cut with with a knife or by dipping it in ethyl alcohol.

It is best to process the edges of the glass on special machines, however, this operation can be done at home, but this operation must be performed in cotton gloves.

To do this, you need to take an emery block or old file... If you are using a file, you will need to prepare a small jar of kerosene or turpentine to wet the tool.

Cut glass is a particularly sharp and irregular edge that is eliminated by a grinding operation that removes and flattens the edges of the glass in different ways, depending on the desired finish. Boundary straps are also sometimes done for cost reasons, especially on colored glass, to limit the heat flow phenomenon, although this is the case for slab tempering as well.

Is versatile and versatile material which is easy to use with various types of processing. Here are specific techniques and technologies that can be used to transform a sheet of material into a valuable product. Cutting can be performed in three modes: saw, numerical control and laser cutting.

Edge processing

To process the edge of glass at home, you need to perform 2 actions: grinding and polishing.

This action requires a drill or grinder with a speed regulator (glass grinding is performed at a low speed - 1200-1700 rpm), special nozzle with Velcro and sanding discs with water-resistant medium to fine grit sandpaper.

Saw: Similar to wood, plexiglass can be cut with common carpentry tools such as circular saws, squares and handhelds milling machines allowing vertical and oblique cuts. Laser: This is a very efficient mode in terms of speed and cleanliness because it is brilliant. Laser technology is also used for marking, that is, a kind of satin coating on the surface of the material that allows you to create custom decorations.

Solvent ratio: guarantees a strong structure. The adhesive takes 7 minutes to cure and 24 hours to cure; After this time, you can switch to other tasks. Distribution occurs with a syringe or brush. Bonding with solvents is highly structural and not aesthetic. The real risk is getting a product that shows spots and bubbles. For this it is usually used to insert colored plexiglass into pasta.

Work technology:

1. First, a larger sandpaper (100-200 grit) is placed on the grinding wheel and we form the edge of the profile we need.
2. Next, you need to put a disc with a grain size of 300-600 grit and repeat the previous operation, wetting the glass with a thin stream of water.
3. After that, the edges are processed with a disc with a grain size of 1000-2000 grit.
4. The last step is to polish the glass edge to make it transparent. This is done with a soft felt wheel and a special paste (you can use ordinary GOI polishing paste). Glass polishing is done using the same drill or grinder.

Important! Glass is a very capricious material and is afraid of overheating, so grinding and polishing should be done slowly.

The bonding and drying phases are quickly linked to photopolymerization, providing aesthetically flawless results, free of bubbles or imperfections. The processing time is average. Two-component bond: A two-component adhesive is a viscous composition consisting of a monomer paste. It acts like a real welding of the material, making the connection point invisible and very durable. From a technical point of view, the gluing takes place over the head, and the edge to be glued is cut at a 3 ° angle so that the glue can be inserted into the created shoot.

Glass cutting

The company "BRK" performs precise automatic cutting of all types of glass. Maximum size processed JUMBO glass up to 6000х3210mm. Automatic cutting of glass from 3 to 25 mm thick

Cutting glass of rectilinear and complex shapes, shaped cutting according to the Customer's templates, cutting triplex, cutting reinforced glass.

Once the glue is "pulled out", you can move the product and start removing the material with a "dotted line" and polishing the edge with special papers and brushes. Folding is heating the material in a line and bending the plexiglass with corners of different widths. Foldable with ceramic lamp.

Another tool, although considered more of an artisan, is heat gun used in the body, ideal for very low thickness. The depth of the plate is not only relevant to the use of the aforementioned methods, but is also essential in the preliminary phase of the bending process: each thickness has certain parameters time and temperature that must be observed to avoid that the stove has disadvantages.

Our glass workshop is equipped with automatic cutting tables BAVELLONI and BOTTERO, DLF and JUMBO format, which ensures high speed and precision of cutting. The use of glass with a size of 6000x3210mm, as well as a built-in cutting optimization program, can significantly reduce the amount of waste, as well as reduce the lead time. All this allows us to provide services for high-quality automatic cutting of steel in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region at low prices and in a short time. At the request of the Customer, the cutting of Reinforced glass can be carried out in compliance with the direction of the cells of the metal mesh.

The time spent inside the oven is highly dependent on the thickness of the material: it is usually 3 times the thickness of the slab. Thermoforming allows for double curved bends, complex arches and three-dimensional shapes. At the end of the cycle in the oven, the part is molded through special molds to obtain any curves and shapes. Any material retraction after the process must be taken into account, therefore it is advisable to estimate the allowable margin before inserting the plexiglass into the machine. In most cases, the abundance of plexiglass is later trimmed by cutting machines, achieving tenth accuracy.

Stema litas

It is a safety glass, on one side of which a ceramic paint is applied, and the color of the paint is selected according to the existing RAL scale. The paint is applied by a special apparatus using the roller method for uniformity of the paint layer. It is also possible to apply paint by other methods in the case of small volumes of painted glass (for example, using a pulverizer). After that, the glass enters the tempering furnace, where ceramic particles of paint and glass are sintered. At the same time, the glass itself becomes tempered. The durability of the applied paint coating is such that it is impossible to remove it with sharp metal objects.
Colored glass is used as decorative glass in the facades of buildings and structures, as well as in the composition of glass units for architectural purposes. When used indoors, stemalit acts as a safe decorative elements for the installation of partitions and doors, wall panels, floor finishes.

Thermoforming is a complex process due to various elements which need to be considered, but can be simplified after a number of applications that have adopted application standards. Engraving allows you to create a variety of geometries and patterns, starting with a vector pattern or image. This can be done with a cutter or laser. To receive additional information about marking and laser engraving.

Polishing results in a previously finished surface that is completely smooth and free from imperfections. The pass that precedes it, at the base of the good glossy surface of the material, is a good sanding using different types abrasive papers.

Edging

- in the case when finished glass is used as surfaces with an open edge, it is necessary to make the glass attractive, to make the edge non-sharp and harmless. This is possible by polishing the edge of the glass - the edge is transparent and by grinding - matte. Moreover, this must be done when tempering glass. Microcracks of an untreated glass edge without such a procedure will lead to glass cracking in the tempering furnace. It is possible to process the edge in various shapes - often there is a trapezoidal (euro-edge), but perhaps the so-called "pencil" - of a rounded shape.

Edge processing options:

There are two ways to polish. Vented cotton brushes with special test Flame polishing. ... Flame polishing is a machine that has a mixture of flammable liquids in its interior that glistens the plexiglass with a flame. This method provides some skill and knowledge on the part of the technical operator.

The various glass processing steps described below are performed depending on the characteristics required for the finished product. Therefore, it is wrong to think that they must necessarily propaedeutics to each other. The displacement of the slabs within the production halls is achieved through the use of bridge cars with mechanical levers with suction cups.

Dullness - removes the main sharp cutting edges, irregularities of sharp planes after glass breakage. Minimally smoothes chips and cracks. Grinding (Euro-edge) - allows you to remove sharp cutting edges after cutting glass. In the process, irregularities and micro-chips are eliminated, the edge is given a certain shape and a slight matte roughness. Multilevel build phase This heating process followed by passing between the two rollers is repeated a second time. After the second pressing, since the laminated glass sheet has a non-uniform transparency, they are inserted in an autoclave at a temperature of 140 ° C and at a pressure of 9 atmospheres to come out completely transparent. The pressing process is hot to allow air to build up between the two plates to increase the volume and release of the pressurized rollers. Above the floor, a mobile bridge connected to a cogenerator equipped with tungsten carbide or synthetic diamond wheel follows the cutting programming instructions attached by the numerical control software. The engraved plates are piously truncated by the employee. The boat is equipped with a laser, which serves to record the correct positioning of the plates and measure a wooden coin to turn them geometric figures in vector dimensions, which are then refined using cutting operation software. Polishing (Euro-edge) - actually repeats the grinding option, but the glass edge is smooth and transparent, not matte. Polishing gives an important aesthetic component and allows you to meet safety standards. The corners are slightly rounded. Facet - this is the processing of the edge (chamfer) on the front side of the glass by cutting it at an angle from 0 to 45 degrees. Possible bevel width up to 50 mm, mainly performed on a mirror sheet This tool is also capable of optimizing insert cutting to minimize friction. Cutting glass has a particularly sharp and irregular edge, which is eliminated by a grinding operation carried out with numerically controlled machines. This procedure removes and unifies the edge of the glass in various ways, depending on the desired processing to obtain: round polished flush with an edge that is rounded and polished and has a high degree of processing; polished flat wire, with a polished edge and perpendicular to the surface, even if the connection is beveled at a 45 ° angle; raw wire that is similar to polished wire, except that the edge is not shiny but is opaque and has a lot of roughness.

Production capabilities:

	Glass (mirror) 4.5.6 mm		Glass 8,10,12,15,19,25 mm
	Possible product sizes, mm
	minimum	maximum	minimum	maximum
Dullness	100x100	2500x1800	100x100	2300x1100
Sanded Euro-edging	100x100	2500x1800	100x100	2300x1100
Polished Euro-edge	100x100	2500x1800	100x100	2300x1100
Facet	100x100	2500x1800	100x100	2300x1100

Facet

- removal at a certain angle of the edge of the glass along the perimeter of the product, while the strip to be removed can be different widths- from 5 to 50 mm. Facet is often used for ordinary mirror or glass - additional bevelled edges allow you to get a finished product that will fit into any interior. Such a facet that adorns the mirror gives it and the interior as a whole a solemn look, creating the effect of a diamond shine when rays of light hit it.

Drilling holes, cutouts

For fastening fittings during manufacturing glass doors, glass furniture partitions, etc. it is necessary to make holes and cutouts in the glass according to the exact dimensions according to the drawings. Glass before tempering is a rather fragile and hard material. It is processed with special cutters and diamond-coated drills. An important role is played by the machines used, on which the glass is fixed and moved to ensure the accuracy of processing. Drilling is often done on both sides of the glass for better performance. Grinding stage on irregular plates To achieve plate sanding irregular shape, it is necessary to "use a special machine that operates under a continuous jet" of water, with the help of a mechanical arm, to which the drills are connected and the following numerical calculation program is set, Follows the irregular contour of the slab, providing the necessary sanding at the edge. During the working phase, a mechanical lever is installed to change milling types as required. Glass can be drilled with a vector numerically controlled machine containing a diamond-tipped drill arm cooled by a stream of "continuous water moving along" the x-axis while a long slab y-axis.

Most glass blades are post-hardened, so the cleanliness of the processed edge is also important when drilling and cuts. inner diameter... Sometimes, out of structural necessity, countersinking creates safe roundings in the form of a cone.

Edge quality drilled holes and cutouts affect the subsequent safe operation of glass sheets.

Engraving

Applying equal indentations to glass using a triangular or round section... This process takes place by milling on engraving machine with computer control. A special diamond wheel removes a layer of up to 2-3 mm from the glass surface, leaving polished or ground edges of the drawing line. The shape of the cutter can be U-shaped or V-shaped. We use the Italian high-speed engraving center BAVELLONI KAM-102, which processes both clear, frosted, tinted glass and various types of mirrors. Drawing, ornament is chosen by you or from our catalog. Engraving allows you to learn the depth and volume of lines, which will favorably emphasize the individuality of your product.

The cost of the product depends on the selected glass on which the engraving will be performed, as well as preparatory work AVTOCAD and on the number of running meters of drawing lines, ornaments. The thickness of the processed glass: 4-19 mm The size of the processed glass: from 120x120mm to 1570x2800mm

Examples of execution engraving

Possible options for engraving on various glasses

Glass and mirrors engraving with filling of lines with decorative paint

Hardening

The process of rapid heating and subsequent rapid cooling of glass to a high temperature in a special oven. Glass gets new physical properties- it becomes ten times more durable, more resistant to damage, copes well with high loads and temperature changes, and has increased bending strength. An important advantage of tempered glass is its safety - when glass is broken, small, non-cutting fragments are formed. Such glass is often used in areas where safety is an important factor - in production glass partitions, shower rooms, stair railings and furniture items. The maximum size of the tempered glass is 5000 x 2400 mm.

Matting (sandblasting)

Matting (sandblasting method) - processing of glass with a high pressure of compressed air containing quartz sand of a certain fraction, due to which glass particles are knocked out of the surface layer, creating an effect of matte opacity. The increase in the size of the sand particles and the processing time makes it possible to achieve a deepened relief pattern in the plane of the glass. Unlike engraving, it is possible to obtain a realistic pattern, since sandblasting is possible with a high resolution. The illuminated pattern made in this way creates an indescribable effect of a luminous halo at the place of glass processing.

Glass aquariums

One of the directions in the development of ecodesign is the use of natural materials - glass, clay, wood, stone. The feeling of unity with wildlife can be enhanced by using fresh flowers, real grass, living walls made of plants, as well as embedding into the premises of terrariums, aquariums, cages with birds - real representatives of wildlife.

It is not always possible to choose the right size aquarium - especially with an individual design of the rooms of a bedroom, hall, living room, or when a huge aquarium is required - from 1000 liters or more. In these cases, it is possible to make the design of the aquarium individually, taking into account the wishes for the configuration of the design and the characteristics of the room. Exclusive aquariums are usually made from silicate glass, because large volumes water imply heavy loads on the glass and it is most often impossible to use acrylic glass. In special cases, the glass is tempered for strength and safety. The glass is glued with high-strength special sealants at the place where the aquarium is installed.

Execution of a project of an aquarium with a capacity of 2500 liters with side glass unit made of tempered glass. The specificity of this aquarium project is the complex (non-rectangular) shape of the product (see the diagram) and the use of a glass unit with tempered glass as one of the walls - providing thermal protection from a lower temperature in the vestibule.The volume of this aquarium is about 2500 liters and the use of the so popular now ( due to the lower cost) of acrylic glass is unacceptable due to the huge loads of such an amount of water. Finishing the structure of the aquarium, assembled on a welded frame, is given by the finish of the lower part with stemalite - painted black safety glass with the use of high-quality fittings for easy removal of glass panels and maintenance of aquarium equipment

The company "BRK" produces glass aquariums - designs and installs structures of aquariums in Moscow and the Moscow region from individual orders
Phone +7 495 940-55-62 or write

UV - glass bonding

UV bonding is the use of an unusual glue that polymerizes under the influence of ultraviolet rays and gives special strength to the bond. It is not for nothing that objects connected by this method are actively used in external and interior decoration premises. A good example, glass TV stands. It is a misconception that they have massive view... TV stands made in this way have visual lightness. The fixing technique itself is also interesting. The glue is applied along the edges of the glass, and then the parts are firmly connected, excluding further flaking. It's all about the glue itself. Due to its molecular composition, it is able to penetrate into the smallest pores of the material. This method helps to hold small pieces together. Just UV-bonded racks look great.

Glass processing is a very important type of operation that takes a significant place in the entire production of products from this material. This is due to the following.

After the glass has been cut, its edge does not look neat. It is very sharp and may cause injury when using the product. In this regard, it is necessary to grind and polish the glass. These two operations are very important and necessary.

But if the glass is cut for windows, doors, or simply inserted into a photo frame, then such processing is not needed. This is just a waste of time and unnecessary costs.

But for a glass product that will be used as doors, countertops, partitions, shelves, etc., edge processing is a mandatory operation.

Glass edge grinding and polishing steps

The first step in edge processing is glass grinding. With its help, the elimination of large irregularities, as well as sharp edges, is carried out.

Glass edge grinding can be carried out at home. To do this, you will need a drill, a disc nozzle and sanding paper, which can be of different grain sizes. This method refers only to private glass processing, when only a few parts were cut.

In the large-scale production of glass products, special grinding machines... With their help, you can process curly and straight edge glass.

Glass edge grinding on such equipment, it occurs with the use of special abrasive wheels or belts of different grain sizes. Depending on what kind of initial edge and what kind of product you want to get at the exit, the grain size of these tools is selected.

Grinding machines can be made in various configurations. Grinding can be carried out, for example, on a washer vertical type... Glass is applied to the rotating disc during rough handling edges. With the help of a jet of water, sand or an abrasive powder specially designed for such work is supplied.

With the help of these ingredients, grinding is carried out. The edge becomes silky. And polishing on such equipment is carried out using special rotating brushes or ultrasound.

The edge can be of several types: semicircular ("pencil"), trapezoidal (euro edge), asymmetrical, etc.

Grinding glass allows you to solve the most basic problem - it is the improvement of the surface of this material. This contributes not only to the growth of the "decorativeness" of the resulting product, but also to its safety for humans.

After this type of operation, the edge surface is matte, slightly rough and takes on a greenish tint. Small scratches and microcracks may remain on it. And the appearance of such an edge is not very attractive.

Although in some cases this type of treatment is quite enough. To eliminate all grinding irregularities, the second stage of edge processing is applied - polishing.

This process differs from grinding in that the edge is processed with soft fibers, and not with abrasive materials. After polishing, the edges become smoother and more transparent. And the glass itself acquires an aesthetic and unsurpassed appearance.

This operation is performed on special equipment, which performs a finer surface treatment. Such machines, depending on the thickness of the processed glass, are able to guarantee various characteristics such processing. After polishing, the edge may remain faceted or take on a more rounded shape.

Solid glass products always have a polished edge, as this makes their designs even more striking. Also, polishing is carried out if the glass has to go through the tempering procedure. After all, after that, it will be impossible to carry out any actions with this material.

It is worth remembering that glass is a fragile material that is very sensitive to overheating. In this regard, all work with it must be done very carefully, without any haste.

Also, it is worth starting polishing only when grinding with the finest-grained abrasive. Due to such technological process the fact that the polishing tape, due to its low abrasive characteristics, is not capable of removing large defects from the edge of the glass.

By processing the edges of the glass, it is possible to minimize the residual stress on the surface of this material. This reduces the likelihood of cracks and chips during transportation and operation of glass products. Ready product becomes much more attractive.

Grinding and polishing of glass is necessary in the manufacture of furniture, the manufacture of various kinds of commercial equipment, stands, showcases, shelves and counters. And also in all cases when this material is used with its visible edge.

Grinding the edge of car windshields

Nothing in this world can last forever, like the windshield of a car. After years of operation, it becomes less transparent. During the movement of the car, in addition to air, the smallest particles of dust, sand and even insects hit the windshield.

All this makes the glass matte and leads to a decrease in its transparency. But these are indirect reasons. Damage is considered the main problem outer surface windshield (scratches) wipers. Due to the deterioration of the wiper blades, different kinds mechanical damage.

Between them and the glass constantly falls:

• dust;
• sand;
• pieces of ice (in winter period);
• any other small particles.

It is they who scratch the glass surface. Damage of this kind is very dangerous during night driving. Light from oncoming cars is refracted in these micro-scratches. This leads to the appearance of "glare" and "flare". In addition, the stripes from the wipers make it difficult to see the road.

You can, of course, go to the service station and replace the old glass. But it's worth thinking about saving. In this case, polishing or grinding your windshield will help you. The first option is used in cases where it is necessary to eliminate minor scratches or carry out light preventive treatment.

Grinding windshields Is, in principle, not a difficult job, but it requires certain knowledge, skills and practice. During this operation, a special abrasive material is used, which removes a minimum layer of glass. Pieces from it can fall on the soft disc, which performs grinding, and cause new damage. Therefore, grinding the windshield of the car must be carried out by specialists and at special service stations. Produce at home this work not recommended as it could damage the surface.

Car glass grinding primarily refers to increasing safety while driving, and only secondarily is the appearance of the vehicle.

It is worth remembering and knowing that given view works is not able to remove cracks on the windshield. For this, there is special equipment and its own technological process. Grinding car windows is only the final stage in eliminating the resulting chips and cracks.

At the heart of all the manipulations associated with the elimination of scuffs is chemical treatment glass surface. There are special pastes designed for this, which almost completely eliminate these errors. The windshield then regains its original appearance.

Windshield grinding is based on the following basic operations:

• Diagnostics. At this stage, the degree of damage to the windshield of the car is determined. If there are such scratches that a nail easily catches on them, then initially it is worth repairing them. This must be done, since grinding occurs with an increase in the temperature of the glass, which can lead to the formation of a new crack from the existing one. All detected defects are marked with a marker on the side of the passenger compartment. This is done in order not to lose sight of them during all the work.


• Preparatory stage. Initially, it is necessary to separate the treated area of ​​the glass with a special masking tape. Then, with the help of a special liquid, the glass is cleaned. It is necessary to remove all foreign elements that can get on the wheel during grinding and damage it and the glass surface itself. Next, the polishing paste is diluted in the proportions indicated by its manufacturer.


• Grinding the windshield of the car. The paste is applied to the felt circle in a small amount. Also, it is rubbed into an area of ​​about 30 centimeters. Then, with progressive light movements, without pressure on the glass, the grinding itself is carried out. The periodically treated surface is sprayed with water. This is necessary so that the paste does not dry out, and the glass is constantly cooled. After all, this process is accompanied by heating the surface of the windshield. The sander is tilted at a slight angle of 5 degrees to the surface to be machined. When moving to the next sanding area, a special overlap is made with an already sanded area of ​​5 centimeters. This will allow you to completely cover the entire damaged area that needs grinding.

Grinding windshields takes about 3-4 hours. Is not fast process... After the completion of all processes, the glass is carefully wiped with a special napkin and examined for matte areas. They shouldn't be. Well, if they are present, then the grinding process is repeated again.

Grinding glass under the lens

You can grind not only car windshields. Reflex headlights are also amenable to modernization. This is necessary for the further installation of the lenses.

The corrugations on the glass of the headlights are necessary in order for the light beam to form correctly, to scatter the light in certain directions. If you install a lens module, then the glass in front should be absolutely transparent and plane-parallel and not lead to optical distortion.

It is not always possible to purchase a new clear headlight glass for a particular car model. You shouldn't despair here. Grinding glass under the lens will allow you to make your plans come true.

Not the entire glass surface can be polished, but only its central part with a small margin.

To perform this operation, the following equipment is used:

• a grinding machine and circles for it;
• water supply;
• special paste;
• felt circle for polishing.

Grinding the glass under the lens ends with its subsequent polishing. The surface must be absolutely transparent, otherwise the installed lens module will not function correctly.

It is also worth remembering that grinding is best done with new headlights. This is due to the fact that old headlights have scuffs and micro-damage caused by the time of its operation. With this machining, they can lead to cracking.

You can learn more about the technology of grinding and polishing car glass at the exhibition of the glass industry, which will be held at the beginning of this summer at the Expocentre Fairgrounds. There will also be presented high-quality equipment for the production, cutting and subsequent processing of glass.

The exhibition will take place in a huge pavilion with an area of ​​about ten thousand square meters. It will be attended by foreign companies engaged in the production of glass products.

If the glass is cut for doors, windows, or simply inserted into a frame with a portrait, then there is no need to process the edges of the glass. But, if they will be used as shelves, doors, tabletops for coffee table, as aquarium walls, etc., edge trimming is mandatory.

Firstly, it is necessary for safety, because about sharp edges you can easily get hurt, secondly - to give the product an aesthetic attractive appearance, and thirdly - such glass processing will reduce the likelihood of cracks and chips.

Edging of glass and mirrors is divided into two stages - grinding and polishing.

In serial production, manufacture of furniture, or commercial equipment, glass processing is carried out on special vertical machines. But, at home, you can also do these operations yourself, using the tools at hand.

Let's take a closer look at how to do glass grinding and polishing with your own hands?

To do this, we need the following tools and devices: a drill or grinder with a rotational speed regulator (we need low revolutions so as not to overheat the glass, 1200-1700 rpm), a special attachment with Velcro for attaching grinding wheels, the grinding wheels themselves with waterproof sandpaper of different grain sizes.

We fix the nozzle in the drill, put the disc, first a larger one (100-200 grit) and do the grinding. First, we remove all the irregularities and jags, and then we form the edge of the profile we need.

Grinding can also be done on emery by attaching a special diamond-coated grinding wheel with a specific profile, or simply flat.

The edge of the stele is made different shapes: semicircular (pencil), trapezoidal (euro-edge), asymmetrical trapezoidal, or any other. After such processing, the side edges of the glass become slightly rough and matte. But, this is not the end.

Having processed the surface with a large disc, we put a disc with a grain size of 300 - 600 grit, and at the end we process the edges with the smallest one - 1000 - 2000 grit.

For better grinding, the surface must be moistened, it is better, of course, to do it under a thin stream of water. But, experienced craftsmen know how to do grinding well without water.

After such processing, the side edges of the glass must be polished, after which the edges become smooth and transparent. Although, in some cases, the edges are still left unpolished, but this is individual.

The difference between polishing and grinding glass is that it is done not with abrasive discs, but with a soft felt wheel with special paste... You can use regular GOI polishing paste.

We apply the paste on a felt circle and polish the edges of the glass to a shine, also using a drill with a nozzle, a grinder, or placing a felt circle on emery.

Glass is a very fragile material and is afraid of overheating, so all work must be done carefully, without haste and preferably with gloves.

This glass grinding and polishing technology can also be used in car repairs, to remove scratches and small chips on the glass. The requirements for transparency are higher there, so special polishing pastes are used. First, the scratch is sanded with a grinding wheel, and then polished with a felt disc with paste.