What is silicate glue: on application and advantages. Silicate glue (liquid glass)

What is silicate glue: about application and advantages

Silicate glue is an excellent tool used in many areas. Any construction without silicate can hardly do. The product is suitable for waterproofing work. It is also added to concrete mixes To give acid -, water and heat-resistant qualities. So such silicate glue: We offer to talk about the use and merits to talk in the article.

Choose silicate glue

Historical reference

Chemist Yang Nepomuk Background Fuchs received for the first time liquid glass by various experiments. The German found similar properties of the material in 1818. As it turned out, the required materials exist practically everywhere, and the technology of glass manufacturing is quite simple.

Potassium polysilicates, lithium and sodium, or rather, their aqueous alkaline solution - what is it? And this is - liquid glass. Silicates must be present in obligatorySo that the formula has worked. Glue, in fact, is called from the component. Silicates are distributed in nature in the form of deposits, and their extraction is not difficult and not costly. The cost of the silicate adhesive itself is not high, but the use of very wide.

Glue liquid glass

Mining. Technologies

The first is firing. Place a mixture of soda and quartz sand in a special dish.

The second - solutions enriched with sodium hydroxide, lithium and potassium, affect the silicone-containing raw materials. This technology necessarily provides for the desired temperature to boil each of the solutions.

Adhesive is widely known for its strong fastening properties.

Using

Silicat add to many construction mixeswhere he provides them with greater strength. Also glue adds persistent qualities to atmospheric phenomena and open fire. Apply mixture and for impregnation of tissue materials and goods from wood.

Plantievodes use this composition when trimming trees, treat them wounds.

Glue can be used brick, concrete or wooden surfaces. You can make waterproofing of pools or other objects in contact with water. You can glue paper and glass, fabric, porcelain or leather products. Used also with internal repair work.

This mixture can be combined with other materials. They can be used as detergentor tool for cleansing. In industry also use silicate glue, because it is very good antiseptic, It has antifungal effect and protects against mold or fungus.

Mounting glue to start well smear. Working with glue involves the use of brushes, brushes and rollers;
First, the surface is purified from dust, dirt, fat. Then it would be nice to clean all the sandpaper;
Used by applying it to the surface. Bled details connect to each other;
If the surface is primed, a tightening mixture is applied to start equal parts Cement and liquid glass. If the well rushes, waterproofing creates the processing of the walls of the well by glue. After glue, the surface is treated with a solution of liquid glass, cement and sand;
If you need to prepare waterproof plaster, take sand and cement in a ratio of 2.5 to 1 and add glue (fifteen percent). In principle, the same recipe takes the basis, removing fireplaces, stoves and chimney pipes.

The mixture is used for breakdowns of aquariums, for gluing glass and eliminate fatty and oil pollution.

Characteristics

If the liquid glass is fastened, it almost ceases to carry out heat. This is actively used by producing heat-saving materials. Produce heat insulators based on sodium silicates. Such products are used in industrial devices. To filling the silicate solution, pressed sugar cane, reed or sawdust from trees are often taken. Sometimes the slag from iron, chromium or quartz sand is used. The thermal insulation properties are very high, they equate to temperature ranges up to 1300 degrees, and withstand a quick shift from a minus to the plus.

The metallurgical industry also uses silicate glue, it is mixed with a spraying composition of the electrodes used in welding works. Black metallurgy always needs sodium silicate.

Foundry I. chemical industry Consume the lion's share of liquid glass in its production.

Machine-building industry connects different parts with liquid glass.

By the way, the silicate mixture is used in the production of washing powders. In fabric production and paper industry, silicate is used to impart glitter and hardness.

Fire prevention properties play a considerable role in the applicability of silicate glue. When building a house, many combustible materials, wood, synthetics and plastic parts are used. In order for the materials to be more fireproof, they are covered with a special substance, the basis of which is liquid glass.

In pure form use mainly in various worksRelated. They are protected lower facades structures from the influence of soil and atmospheric waters. The glue is treated with pools, walls, floors and ceilings of basements.

Let's summarize

Widely used, high-strength remedy with high fastening properties - all this silicate glue. Initially, it was invented for gluing paper and cardboard products. Later it began to be added to solutions of concrete, cement to give solutions of large bonding properties. Mixing glue in the mixture is also achieved greater thermal resistance and waterproofing. Mold, rot and various fungi Do not take surfaces treated with adhesive mortar.

The most significant disadvantage can be called high alkalinity. This property can lead to injury when used. But, despite this minus, the glue is often used in a wide variety of areas of construction and finishes.

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Chemist Yang Nepomuk von Fuchs for the first time he received liquid glass through various experiments. The German found similar properties of the material in 1818. As it turned out, the required materials exist practically everywhere, and the technology of glass manufacturing is quite simple.

Potassium polysilicates, lithium and sodium, or rather, their aqueous alkaline solution - what is it? And this is - liquid glass. Silicates should be present in mandatory, so that the formula has worked. Glue, in fact, is called from the component. Silicates are distributed in nature in the form of deposits, and their extraction is not difficult and not costly. The cost of the silicate adhesive itself is not high, but the use of very wide.

Silicate glue - a unique composition of its properties, who received beautiful name "liquid glass". It is made on the basis of a solution of alkali silicate salts and finds very widespread use in construction due to its operational properties. And externally, it really looks like a glass, look at the photo.

Silicate glue composition

The composition of it is almost identical to other products from glass - these are silicates of sodium or potassium. The glue is obtained by exposure to these compositions to another composition, which includes the so-called qzrenarem. The temperature at the same time should be constant. In some cases, builders prefer to make silicate glue with their own hands. Would it seemingly related silicate glue and soda? Meanwhile, it is just swimming soda with an admixture of sand.

Silicate glue application

As we have already said, liquid glass is widely used in construction. In particular, in those works where the high waterproofing properties of the material are needed, for example, when repairing the bathroom, construction and finishing of the sauna or pool, even during the construction of the sewage or protection of the basement of the house from the penetration of moisture. Through the use of silicate glue, the service life becomes much longer.

This kind of glue is loved by builders for the ability to very effectively glue virtually any surfaces. This is achieved by the fact that the glue penetrates into the structure of any surface, giving it moisture and thereby increasing the adhesion and its viscosity.

Depending on whether potassium or sodium silicate glue is used in the composition of silicate glue and spheres of its use. The composition with potassium silicate is very resistant to almost any influence of chemistry and to weather phenomena. So it is widely used in the manufacture special paints To protect surfaces.

But the glue with sodium silicate is distinguished by completely different properties. It significantly improves the quality of any adhesive compositions and is suitable for mineral compositionsTherefore, it is widely used in waterproofing, in particular, when waterproofing foundations. It is also added to flame retardant compositions and antiseptics.

Let's say a couple of words about such interaction as "cement with silicate glue". In this case, the glue allows to accelerate the harvesting of cement, due to the chemical reaction between the elements of the cement and glue solution. As a result of this reaction, the composition of the sodium aluminate is formed, which just contributes to the acceleration of the cement drying process. At the same time, as a result of the interaction of lime and glue, sodium silicate is formed, characterized by very high strength and density.

In addition, the thermal conductivity of glue is highly valued, which allows it to be used in the composition thermal insulation materials. Constructions, in the construction of which such glue is used can withstand a very high temperature threshold, up to 1200 degrees Celsius, and many temperature drops from freezing before thawing the object.

We note another property of silicate glue as high waterproofing. This allows you to use it to be widely used for structures, where frequent contact with water is assumed.
We also mentioned that formulations with silicate glue can be used for antiseptic and firepressure constructions.

What is important, glue silicate is also distinguished by a high level of environmental friendliness. It has no substances dangerous to human health. But to avoid entering alkali on the skin when working with it it is worth using gloves.

Instructions for the preparation of various compositions with silicate glue

We dealt with the properties of silicate glue and realized that the spheres of its use is very wide. Let's now see what formulations and what proportions it is used.

To improve the qualities, strength, resistance to moisture and fire, based on silicate glue, there is a special plaster for sealing slots. To obtain the composition you need to mix cement and sand in the proportion of 2.5 to 1 and add 15% glue there. Please note, you can not pour glue immediately in the sand and cement mixture, it must be pre-divided by water to the desired consistency.
For the manufacture of high-quality primer, it is necessary to mix cement, water and glue (the ratio of glue and cement is one to one). This composition is used for primer and waterproofing.
The composition to increase the antiseptic and water resistant qualities of a 0.4 glue tree should be diluted with a liter of water.
For fire treatment of pipes, furnaces need to mix three pieces of sand with one part of the cement and add 15% glue to this composition.
For waterproofing the outer part of the building, glue is mixed with a cement and sand solution in a ratio of 1 to 10. Also glue Silicate can be used as part of the paint to cover the facade of the building.
To prevent the appearance of rust, the composition is made from cement and silicate adhesive, which are diluted with water to the necessary condition.
Self-liquid glass can be used to stick tiles or linoleum fixing.
As an additive, glue for silicate blocks is used. Its share in this case ranges from 5 to 20%.

Using silicate glue

Why is liquid glass so popular? In addition to the listed excellent performance properties, it is distinguished by some more advantages, which cannot be mentioned.

First, it is a sufficiently low price.
Secondly, for the manufacture of glue-based compounds, you will not need a lot of time and effort.
Thirdly, with its use, you will increase the operational properties of the structure, as durability (because the glue helps the composition penetrate the smallest gaps), moisture resistance, fire resistance.

Does the Silicate glue have shortcomings, you really ask? It must be said that all formulations with its content are very quickly solidified, so it is worth using it in all cases. In addition, it is not suitable for processing the surface for painting or applying plaster, as under the influence of glue on the surface, a sufficiently slippery film is formed, with which paint and plaster will roll.

It is worth noting that now liquid glass is often used independently, but in the composition of finished mixtures intended for various construction needs.

When preparing mixtures of various purposes, the proportion of liquid glass in the solution should be:

for primer surfaces - 50% of the cement mortar;
when adding to concrete - 5-20% of the concrete mass;
for refractory mixtures - 10-25% of the composition.

The disadvantage of the material is the rapid solidification of the mixture with such a component, which in some cases makes it impractical. Therefore, it is rational to apply it as impregnation. But the surface under painting or plaster processing with a liquid glass makeup is not recommended. The resulting slippery film will prevent further processing.
Before the preparation of the prepared composition, the surface of the concrete or plaster layer is cleaned and degreases. For applying, a brush or ankopult is used. The mixture penetrates into a concrete structure by 1-2 mm. With repeated impregnation, the penetration depth can reach 20 mm.

In the near past, the use of liquid glass was in pure form was widespread in building technologies. Now the construction market is saturated with ready-made adhesives, water-repellent and fire-resistant compositions. But as an ingredient in the mixtures of this appointment, this material is successfully applied until now. The proportions with silicate glue, tested by experienced builders, allow you to be confident.

Silicate glue is an excellent tool used in many areas. Any construction without silicate can hardly do. The product is suitable for waterproofing work. It is also added to concrete mixtures to give acid -, water and heat-resistant qualities.

Silicat is added to many building mixes, where it provides them with greater strength. Apply mixture and for impregnation of tissue materials and goods from wood.

Plantievodes use this composition when trimming trees, treat them wounds.
Glue can be used brick, concrete or wooden surfaces. You can make waterproofing of pools or other objects in contact with water. You can glue paper and glass, fabric, porcelain or leather products. It is also used for internal repair work.

This mixture can be combined with other materials. They can be used as a detergent, or a tool for cleansing. In industry, they also use it, because it is a very good antiseptic, has an antifungal effect and protects against mold or fungus.

Mounting glue to start well smear. Working with glue involves the use of brushes, brushes and rollers;
First, the surface is purified from dust, dirt, fat. Then it would be nice to clean all the sandpaper;
Used by applying it to the surface. Bled details connect to each other;
If the surface is primed, a tightening mixture of equal parts of cement and liquid glass is applied to begin. If the well rushes, waterproofing creates the processing of the walls of the well by glue. After glue, the surface is treated with a solution of liquid glass, cement and sand;
If you need to prepare waterproof plaster, take sand and cement in a ratio of 2.5 to 1 and add glue (fifteen percent). In principle, the same recipe takes the basis, removing fireplaces, stoves and chimney pipes.

The mixture is used for breakdowns of aquariums, for gluing glass and eliminate fatty and oil pollution.

The metallurgical industry also uses this glue, it is mixed with a spraying composition of the electrodes used in welding works. Black metallurgy always needs sodium silicate.

The foundry and chemical industry consume the lion's share of liquid glass in its production.

Machine-building industry connects different parts with liquid glass.

By the way, the silicate mixture is used in the production of washing powders. In fabric production and paper industry, silicate is used to impart glitter and hardness.
Fire prevention properties play a considerable role in the applicability of silicate glue. When building a house, many combustible materials, wood, synthetics and plastic parts are used. In order for the materials to be more fireproof, they are covered with a special substance, the basis of which is liquid glass.

In pure form, they use mainly in various works related to repair. They protect the lower facades of structures from the influence of soil and atmospheric waters. The glue is treated with pools, walls, floors and ceilings of basements.

Widely used, high strength having high fastening properties - all this can be said about silicate glue. Initially, it was invented for gluing paper and cardboard products. Later it began to be added to solutions of concrete, cement to give solutions of large bonding properties. Mixing glue in the mixture is also achieved greater thermal resistance and waterproofing. Mold, rot, and various fungi do not take surfaces treated with adhesive mortar.

Mining. Technologies

The first is firing. Place a mixture of soda and quartz sand in a special dish.
The second - solutions enriched with sodium hydroxide, lithium and potassium, affect the silicone-containing raw materials. This technology necessarily provides for the desired temperature to boil each of the solutions.

How to choose glue for silicate blocks

Silicate blocks are actively used in the construction of multi-storey and low-rise buildings. In Europe, they have long been used to build inland walls. Appreciate it for environmental friendliness, as the composition includes natural materials - Sand, lime. They provide good sound insulation.
To obtain a high-quality durable adhesive seam, special solutions are used, which differ in plasticity, moisture resistance, have the correct geometry, the substantially facilitate the masonry.

Silicate glue

Silicate glue, which is more often called liquid glass - this is a mineral compound, widely used in everyday life and folk economy for connection (gluing) different materials. A viscous fluid substance is known to humanity for almost 2 hundred years, and all this time is successfully applied to many purposes.

History of liquid glass

For the first time, liquid glass was obtained in Germany by Chemist Jan Nepomuk von Fuchs in 1818. The technology of its production turned out to be quite simple, and the raw material is natural or artificial - cheap and common.

Liquid glass is aqueous alkaline solution of sodium polysilicates Na2O (SiO2) N, potassium K2O (SiO2) n or lithium Li2O (SiO2) N. Necessary composite element Liquid glass from which the glue itself and the glue itself are silicates - substances that are composed of SiO2 silica. The deposits of natural silicates are existing everywhere, production methods are not distinguished by complexity, and the extensive scope of application makes silicate glue one of the most accessible.

Methods for getting

There are several technologies for the manufacture of liquid glass. Possible firing (fusion) of a mixture of quartz sand and food Soda In a special capacity. The impact on raw materials containing silica saturated sodium hydroxide, potassium or lithium hydroxide solutions is also used. Wherein prerequisite is to maintain the boiling point of a specific alkali solution.

The adhesive ability of liquid glass is associated with physical feature Silicates - good adhesion almost any surfaces. Adhesion is based on solid physics. On the external surface Solid objects of the molecule are weaker than inside. When applied to such surfaces of silicate adhesion, a molecular attraction occurs between them. The fluid in the glue is adsorbed on the surfaces connected, as a result of which the viscosity and density of the adhesive seam increase. The equilibrium of surface particles is shifted, the silicic acid chains are modified, the process of polycondensation is underway and a steady adhesion seam is formed.

Glue in industry and everyday life

Silicate glue is used in many sectors of the national economy. But one of the simplest and most common areas for a long time It was using it in the quality of the paper connector. Since childhood, everyone has a familiar liquid transparent glue in plastic bottles there is nothing but a stationery of silicate glue. Proper consistency and accurate application of liquid glass allowed to glue different kinds Paper and cardboard. However, it was found that over time the glue seam line turns yellow, and the connection itself becomes fragile. Therefore, although silicate glue is used now in office work, its use is more limited than before.

One of the largest applications of liquid glass is construction. Solikate Solikate Mix with Inorganic Waste various productions Gives high strength inexpensive material, which is used in the construction of the main designs of buildings. Black and non-ferrous metallurgy slags are used as waste, as well as unnecessary products of the processing factories. Asol and CHP and CHP and CHP and unsuitable soil are used. The indisputable advantage of concrete produced in this way is that its production requires much less costs Electricity, which brings explicit economic benefits. Solikat Sodium is also used for the production of building panels and light ceramics.

A little about properties

Foamed liquid glass is very poorly heat. This quality is actively used to obtain special heat saving materials. Sodium silicate-based thermal insulators are used in industrial devices, and in piece thermal insulation products. Reams, cotton stalks, bench press, applied as filler for silicate solution sugar cane, as well as wood chips and sawdust. It can also be a railway slag and quartz sand. Silicate thermal insulation withstands temperature loads up to 1300 ° C and multiple drops for heating and cooling.

Silicate glue is used in metallurgy in the manufacture of spraying for welding electrodes, as well as a binder in the production of foundry forms and rods. Liquid glass is used in mechanical engineering - for a delicate connection of parts, in the production of cellulose, paper and textiles. Sodium silicate is a necessary component of many processes in ferrous metallurgy, foundry manufacturing and chemical industry.

The focus is on the strength qualities of silicate adhesive. In chemical production when working with aggressive products, liquid glass is an indispensable acid-resistant coating. Silicate glue is also part of washing powder. Solikat sodium introduced into cellulose adds paper and flavors and extra hardness.

Silicate glue plays a big role in providing fire safety. In the construction of many structures not only non-combustible materials Similar stone, concrete and metal, but also exceptionally fire hazard elements like wood, plastic and synthetics. To guarantee the security of housing and the workplace, they are covered with a special flame retardant substance based on liquid glass. In addition, refractory plasters and pasta have waterproof and anti-corrosion properties.

Often silicate glue is used in large and small repair work. So, liquid glass is part of the acid-resistant, resistant increased pressure and the heat of limestone and cement-sand solutions. It is also the main constituent element of moisture-resistant sealing maps and silicate facade colors. Silicate glue is used to protect the bases of structures from exposure groundwater, Used when waterproofing the pools, protection against moisture of floors, walls and overlaps basement. Liquid glass in interaction with ferrochrome slag and ash prolongs the service life of the dirt roads.

Let's summarize

Silicate glue is an unusual compound applied in various areas of production. Created for gluing paper and cardboard, it later began to be used as part of various adhesive mixtures and smelting. Compositions comprising silicate adhesive are distinguished by high temperature resistant, are thermal insulators and are not exposed to organic pests (rot, mold, insects)

The disadvantages of liquid glass include its strongly alkaline reaction, which may cause a burn with careless circulation. However, beneficial features Silicate adhesive provide its relevance in modern production.

Under liquid glass, an alkaline aqueous solution of sodium silicate or potassium is understood. It is often called silicate glue. The unique properties of this compound led to its widespread use in different areas Industry and in everyday life.

Liquid glass was first made by a minorologist and a chemist from Germany Background Fuchs in 1818. Now this material is produced by different technologies. The most common are the following:

The room in alkaline solutions of diatomites, trepgies, holders and other types of siliceous raw materials, where it dissolves at relatively small temperatures and normal pressure.
Treatment of sodium hydroxide (in concentrated form) of compounds that contain silicon. Such an operation is performed in a special autoclave.
Fusion of soda and quartz.

Silicate glue

Silicate glue is sold or in the form of a dry powder substance that needs to be diluted in certain proportions with water (the features of this process contains instructions for liquid glass), or as a solution, ready to use. For use in everyday life, it is reasonable to take the prepared composition. But the construction and industrial enterprises Often, the described material in dry form is ordered.

The main indicator of the himsostab glue is its silicate module. This value indicates a solution to a solution of silica. It also describes the ratio of silicon oxide to potassium oxides or sodium, which are contained in silicate adhesive. It should be known that the quality of the glass in the module indicator is not determined.

The solutions of the liquid compound under consideration include and a variety of arrogant forms, and the simplest orthosilicates of the monomeric type. The magnitude of the polymerization of liquid glass has a non-permanent value. It changes with oscillations of alkali and silic acid ratio, and also depends on the concentration, which is characterized by a silicate substance.

Liquid glass

The most important indicator of the quality of silicate glue is viscose. It becomes smaller with an increase in temperature at which the material is manufactured, and increases with increasing the concentration of the silicate solution. Also, viscose becomes higher when entering well soluble salts in glass. You can find out the exact value of this value using special devices - viscometers.

They have different designBut, when working, one method is used - measurement of the speed with which the ball made from steel is dropped in a liquid connection. An ordinary aerometer is used to measure the density of silicate adhesive. It is able to significantly specify the real density of the connection even as possible even when a small portion of the solution is being analyzed. This value varies with oscillations (including with insignificant) alkaline and silica acid component of the glass.

The active use of liquid glass in construction and other industries is determined, as mentioned, the special characteristics of this material. Its high binding properties depend on the cooking point (in other words, the dilution temperatures), which varies within 760-870 ° C. Silicate glue is characterized by a pH value at 11-13 units. At the same time, it is often called neutral, which is incorrect.

Application in construction

Change the pH of the solution to a significant amount is impossible. If you add from 10 to 100 parts of water to it, the pH will change the maximum per unit, and will become equal to 10-12. Helds the described glue at different temperatures - from -2 to + 10 °. When diluted, it returns to the initial state without losing its properties. True, keep glue with negative temperatures It is undesirable due to the risk of crystals on its surface. After heating, it will not be possible to eliminate them.

Drying glass is carried out with elevated and natural temperatures. Manufacturers to accelerate the process usually dried finished products At a temperature of about 375 ° C. Silicate glue dissolves in water without a residue. If you add salt compounds, ketones, alcohol substances, ammoniak or aldehyde in its solution, and the so-called "planting effect" is noted. With organic compounds, the glass described is incompatible, with the exception of urea, alcohol and sugar.

Application "Miracle Glue" in modern construction

The main consumers of the material described are enterprises of the construction sphere. The use of liquid glass in concrete is widespread. Silicate glue is characterized by relatively small value. And at the same time it significantly improves performance properties concrete solutionBy guaranteeing the latest excellent waterproofing. In addition, liquid glass has high antibacterial capabilities.

Due to this on the concrete to which it is added, the mold never appears, and the fungus does not start. All pools these days, as well as structures that work with constantly high humidityare concreted by the compositions containing the "Miracle Glue". It is necessary to take into account the fact that the frozen of the liquid glass occurs quite quickly. And in some cases, it is impossible to mix it with concrete before starting work. Builders found a way out of such a situation.

They use a "tricky" method, which implies the treatment of the already erected construct from the concrete with a solution of water and liquid glass (the components of this mixture are taken in equal amounts). Silicate solutions are well suited to combat ground cutting under the erected buildings and structures. In this case, it is recommended that liquid glass is recommended, the use of which does not require any large-scale work.

Surface treatment with liquid glass

Silicate adhesive when dealing with drawdowns is pumped into the ground under the construction of one of the two schemes:

A simultaneous method - a mixture is formed from a special hardener and liquid glass, which is fed under the building.
Sequential technique - the first glass is pumped, then the composition for the hole.

The impregnation of plaster and wood with liquid silicate solutions is common (we will tell about this below). Silicate glue is also added to the zincilicate paint, which protects metal products from corrosion manifestations for 25-30 years!Liquid glass and the composition of modern wood chips. Their impregnation of the "miracle glue" makes any wood products durable and very resistant to compression.

On the areas of using liquid glass

Impregnation of plastered I. concrete surfaces Silicate solution guarantees the excellent antiseptic effect. Coatings are becoming resistant to the influence of aggressive external factors, flue gases, high humidity and improve their other performance features. They acquire:

abrasion strength;
high hardness indicator;
the ability to "lock" various irregularities and pores resulting in coatings (such pores destroy the layer of concrete or plaster).

Tree impregnation ( construction products From wood), concrete and plastered surfaces is different. Most often, the method is used in which the impregnating composition is applied to the strengthened coating of the paintopult or ordinary painting tassel repeatedly. This technique is called deep surface treatment. There is a more "gentle" way to protect plaster, concrete and wood. It implies the coating processing only once.

Liquid glass, among other things, is used in production:

hydro and refractory coloring compositions for wood products;
pumps for pipes from cast iron operated in water supply networks;
acid-resistant cement mixtures;
solutions for cleaning machine oils;
electrodes for welding;
adhesive compositions for connecting products from cellulose.

And in everyday life, silicate solutions have long been applied to gardeners for treating trees. Now there are more modern compositions for leaving plants to replace liquid glass. At the same time, many amateur gardeners prefer precisely inexpensive and tested by silicone glue.