How to make an electromagnetic valve for water itself. Electromagnetic valve for watering with your own hands. Learn more about the design and principle of action of different types of valves

Without valves, no modern pipeline will cost, regardless of what is transported according to it. These devices perform several functions at once among which it is possible to mark the protection from the hydrodar of sensitive equipment (pumps), the pressure adjustment in the system, etc. The fact that the installation of such a device is extremely simple.

Classification of valve

Such devices on water supply systems (as well as on gas pipelines, etc.) are used for several purposes:

equipment protection from pressure surges - For example, in front of the pumps are usually set by check valves so that the equipment is not damaged at the hydraulic man. Installation is performed using detachable connections so that even if there is no experience, you can do your own work;

adjusting function - In the water pipes, only in one direction is permissible, so it will help in this situation. As soon as water tries to go in the opposite direction, the petal will block the passage in the pipe;

also valves can be used to adjust the pressure in the system., the boundary force is selected, in which the transported medium opens the valve, as a result, as soon as the pressure in the pipeline exceeds the maximum, it will open and the pressure is leveled. Air valve on the gas pipeline - the thing is irreplaceable.

This functionality of the locking and adjustment devices is not exhausted, they can be used in order to control pumps, when cleaning wastewater, to minimize leaks, etc.

Learn more about the design and principle of action of different types of valves

Recently, in addition to conventional valves (which act solely on the basis of the application of force), electromagnetic analogs have also appeared, you can manage them remotely. The plumbing electromagnetic valve can be used, for example, in the smart home system, from one console can be controlled by regulatory devices throughout the house and on the adjacent territory.

Electromagnetic valves

The key difference from the remaining analogues is that it misses the water not with the growth of pressure, but exclusively by the team of man. This is their main advantage.

As for the design, the key element can be considered a coil, which, when passing through it, the electric current causes the core to move, which opens / closes the passage hole. Such devices can be operating both from batteries (24V supply voltage) and connect to the network (voltage 110V or 220V).

As for the classification, it is possible to allocate:

normally open / closed or bistable;
also, the electromagnetic voltage valve 220 V can perform: flow switching function (2/3 running), shut-off (2/2), three-way (3/2).

Note!
When choosing, you need to take into account the features of the work of each model.
For example, if the electromagnetic locking device is released with servo control, then you need to know that it simply will not work at zero pressure drop, so at least the minimum pressure drop is still needed.

As for the application of the application, the electromagnetic devices fit perfectly into the concept of a "smart home". For example, the electric water valve installed in the caisson can be automatically designed, even from the house it will not be necessary to go out, and this example is the simplest.

Simple and combined models

When operating the water supply, you have to solve such tasks as:

release of air stoppers from pipes that were formed directly during operation;

Note!
Such a problem has to be especially often solved during the operation of the heating system.
On all radiators for excess air, the installation of a special valve is provided.

when the water is lowered (for example, during the preservation of the pipe for the winter), it is necessary to ensure the influx of air, which replaces the nassed water in the pipe;
when filling the pipe, the valve must provide air output.

With the release of air traffic jams, a simple crane of Maevsky with manual control can cope, the price of such a device does not reach even 200 rubles.

But other types of shut-off adjustment reinforcement can also be used:

unifunctional valves are used to automatically bleed overpressure. They are used to preserve the performance of pumping equipment, etc., besides aligning pressure in the system, it is no longer adapted for anything;
combined - allow you to solve all the tasks listed. The movable float is used in their device, when the pipeline filled with water, it rises and overlaps the large holes through which the air flows, when the water is lowered, it also drops, the holes open and the vacuum in the pipe is not created.

Note!
Also in combined devices there may be small holes for pressure leveling.

Drain and drainage

The drain valve can be used not only in the house for resetting water from pipes, but also as a device for ensuring the safety of water supply from the well. Such devices on the principle of action are reminiscent of the combined air and in winter with a decrease in pressure in the pipe discharge water into the well.

When the pressure is above the minimum, the ball overlaps the outlet, and water goes to the house. If the pressure drops below the minimum mark, the ball opens the outlet, and water goes back to the well, it allows you to keep the system when freezing water in the pipe.

The drainage valve is useful to protect hoses and pipes of watering system, such a device is especially useful when laying separate watering water supply. If the pipe is not very deep and there is a risk of its freezing, then drainage - themselves will reset the remnants of water from the system.

Of course, you can simply install a drain faucet and do the same yourself, but no one can boast the perfect memory. The valve will definitely not forget the water.

As for the installation, the threaded is most often used (that is, the plug-in) connection. Most often, the entire instruction is to spin the cape nut with your hands, and then pull it out with the key. In industry can be used welded and flange compound.

Summarizing

The normal functioning of the water supply without valves is simply impossible. It is this device that will freely make water from the system without any problems and again fill it, there will be no problems with air traffic jams. Easy to install similar devices only adds them popularity.

On video, this article shows the installation of the reverse valve into the pipeline for the supply of hot water.

Electrical valves are needed for automatic control of various hydraulic systems. Finished products are quite expensive. We have a grade decision.

The most available valves from the failed washing machines.

Coils such devices are designed to voltage 220 volts of alternating current, which limits their capabilities. Sometimes it is more convenient to control a 12 volt low voltage valve.

I needed such a device to regulate the water supply mode of the VAZ car. Suitable valves from foreign cars are indignantly expensive, and with an increase in the currency exchange rate and are at all the object of luxury. Let's try to remake the electric valve from the washing machine under the air voltage of the car.

First, let's see how everything is arranged.

Remove the coil, sticking a thin scuffer into the slot between the solenoid and the case. At the same time, it is possible to slightly compress the petals fixing the solenoid coil with pliers.

To work at a voltage of 12 volts, it is necessary to replace the solenoid (coil) of the valve.

The most suitable solenoid was found in the air valve of Epphh VAZ 2105.

Since the internet images were found on the Internet, I will give them for curious.

Let's proceed to the disassembly

The simplest is to cut the rolling on the sandpaper or cut the file with the outer edge.
Valve cover (view from the inside):

Rod, he is a plug. Locking the air flow is made by rubber insertion on the end. On the opposite end - recess under the spring:

Steel washer for closing the magnetic flux and a non-magnetic guide in which the rod moves:

Coil:
1. In the case.

2. Called out.

Oval sealing rings seal output from the inside of the case. We will need one of them hereinafter, so save them.

Finally, the hull on the inside. The end of a fixed magnetic pipeline with a protrusion under the spring is visible:

Next - we refine the housing. On the sandpaper, stepping the tube with an opening side of the back side, and putting the body with a snitch up, the beard gently knock out the remains of the internal magnetic pipeline. If the housing was rushing inside, eliminate deformation. Next, the central drill the hole to the 9mm diameter.

To create a magnetic system, a similar valve system from a washing machine, it is necessary to cut two strips from tin from a tin can from tin - one width of 15 mm, another - 10 mm. The length of the strips should be such that on the valve body of the valve from the washing machine, the ring was wrapped around about 1.5 turns.

When developing its heating system, along with natural circulation, I planned myself and forced to be able to tie an automatic regulator to it. After all, what does it mean natural: this is opening by manually the desired crane (or cranes), and the heated water itself rises to the batteries, giving it heat there and then dropping down to the heater (or to the drive, thermoaccumulator). Thus, it is necessary to constantly monitor the temperature in the house in order to turn off the circulation in time, and then when you need to open again.

Well, uncomfortable! Did not open on time - the house got cold. Not closed - too warm, or even hot. Not only is it uncomfortable, so it's also overrun when it is hot. And the overrun is not only that the stored heat is excessively spent into the house, but also increase the heat loss at home, because with increasing temperature in the house and heat loss through the enclosing structures (walls, ceiling ...).

So, you need automation. There are no difficulties on the first volu evolution. The temperature sensor controls the solenoid valve. The temperature dropped in the house - the sensor opened the valve. Rose - the valve closes.

With the temperature sensor, I have problems, as it were, no. There is such. But the solenoid valve ... I grew on the Internet, I joked on the price of the Internet, and not online stores - expensive, damn! And what should there be such money? I went to the metal, talked to people, consulted. Cheaply take for 2-3 thousand rubles - it means to take a disposable. But I do not have a water supply system, I have heating! If something was breaking on the water, turned off the water and hedted, and in the winter heating in the case of which it is not necessary to turn around - and it is necessary to drain the water, and do it quickly, so as not to frozen ... in general, it does not suit me cheaply, and the expensive valve does not suit me , for 6-7 thousand rubles ... and a spouse, to gently speaking, persistently objects to such an acquisition.

But I still want automation. In Russia they say: a gol on fiction of the cunning. And I also decided to eruse and make automation, but at the same time not to upset my favorite and do without an expensive valve. Instead, put it, you will not believe, check valve. It is in the essence of a penny, and at the same time perfectly performs the functions of an automatic electromagnetic valve, however, only a pair with a circulation pump. You already guessed, what's the matter? Yes, yes, it is precisely in this: in the reverse valve there is a spring that presses the rubber gasket to the saddle. This spring does not allow the water to move in the forward direction with natural circulation, since the pressure is not so large to squeeze the gum from the saddle. But when it turned on and earned a pump - everything is fine here, the pressure increases, the spring is compressed, and the water flows freely through the valve and pump.

URA-Hooray, and in the air cape throwing. But there is one but that should be considered. The power of this spring was not calculated by engineers under such an application, and even in my system of heating. The whole trouble is that the pressure on it during the natural circulation directly depends on the height of the water column, then you mean, from the distance, on which the upper point of the upper battery is in relation to this spring. Justice is worth mentioning and dependence on the temperature difference from above and below.

So, in my system, this spring is still a little bit, but misses. That is, there is no complete closure when the pump is turned off. Therefore, I had to be simply, not to be caught slyly, disassemble the valve and stretch the spring. On the video, this barbaric operation is shown in details. And only after this "modernization" managed to achieve normal automation work. That is, I turn on the pump - water goes, turn off - water does not circulate. Here Terecherich and capes can be thrown with a complete reason.

I will answer immediately on possible questions on the photo. The check valve sequentially with the upper pump is that valve, about which it is. The lower pump is another branch in heating, which is still waiting for its upgrade. But the upper pump with the valve, as can be seen in the photo, is drawn by a straight cut pipe with a crane. What is this for?

The modern industry produces many diverse cranes and valves to regulate fluid flow. For any scope, you can find suitable. However, the inquisitive minds of home masters do not leave attempts to develop and implement their own designs. Sometimes it is caused by the desire to save, but more often to check their own forces as a designer, machine-building, locksmith and electrical engineering.

Types of cranes

Trying to repeat the design of an ordinary shut-off valve does not have a practical and economic meaning if the home workshop is not equipped with high-precision milling, turning and drilling machines. The price of industrial samples with mass production is also available to the most modest budget. Another business is technically complex shut-off for special applications, such as:

ball with electric drive;
needle;
non-freezing;
with flowing water heater;

Options for their implementation will be discussed below.

Ball with electric

Motorized valve can find its use in modern "smart" water supply systems, heating and air conditioning, created by domestic masters with minimal use of purchased components. In addition to checking its forces, there will be a significant cash benefit of the electric drive with an electric drive costs from 2 to 10 thousand rubles.

For a ball crane with an installed electric drive, made with your own hands, the following materials and components will be needed:

ball valve 3/4 ";

Figure 1: Gate 3/4

windows drive for Lada 1117, 2123 left LSA;

Figure 2: Power Supplier

relay automotive five-pin - 2 pcs;
end microswitches- 2 pcs.;
tin sheet thickness of 1 mm (for bed and clamps);
tube steel 10 mm-trimmed (for sleeves);
profile square 10 * 10 mm - 10 cm;
metal strip 4 mm thick - 10 * 1 cm;
spring with a diameter of 12 mm;
bolt M8 * 45 with nut and washers - 2 pcs.

All electrical equipment by 12 volts. From the tools you need:

drill;
scissors for metal;
vistak with vice;
welding machine;
handmade plumbing tool (hammer, screwdriver, wrench, passation, etc.)

The generated mechanism should allow electrical crane to control both using the drive and manually. Production sequence as follows:

Angle P-shaped metal sheet.
From the cuts of the tube to make bushings for closing the windows drive to the bed.
Secure the drive.
Stannin fasten on the nozzles emerging from the ball crane using the clamps.
From the square profile to cut the nozzle on the gearbox axis.
Take a strip to her.
From the strip and handle assemble the lever mechanism of the drive, signing it. The spring presses the levers to each other, if necessary, they can be quickly disconnected without using tools and control the crane manually.
The strip is articulated to the handle with a bolt and nut. Nut to correct.
Square profile fix on the shaft of the gearbox of the power window.

Next, you should try kinematics, feeding the voltage to the electric motor. You can use a car battery or power supply with a power of at least 50 W. The lever gear should move smoothly, without jerks and distortions. If necessary, to adjust the details of the file with a file.

Now there comes a queue of the electrical part of the drive.

In the extreme positions of the handle, mount the terminal microswitches.
You should connect them in such a way that they open the relay control circuit through which the engine is turned on, by reaching the extreme position "open" or "closed".

Such a drive can be connected to the "Smart Home" system control circuits. Electrocaran for water made with your own hands will be economically effective if the windows drive will get inexpensively. New stands up to 1 thousand rubles, and can eat half of economy.

Instead of drive, you can use any other electric drive,

Figure 3: Motorized crane

close in power and torque.

Needle

A needle valve with a large adjustment range can be collected from infirred materials with low costs. For its manufacture, it will be necessary:

Syringe plastic disposable 2 ml.
Syringe insulin 1 ml.
Bearing ball - 2 pcs.
Springs - 2 pcs.
Nut and adjusting screw.
Epoxy adhesive.
Fasteners
Plastic tie-2 pcs.

Figure 4: Valve scheme

The scheme indicates:

Syringe.
Shariki.
Springs - green.
Stock-red.
Direction of movement by liquid-green arrows.

To make a crane, follow:

Pick the balls in diameter. Large should be slightly less internal size 2-ml syringe, small - 2 times less.
Pick up the springs in the effort. A large springs compression force is about twice as small.
Drill in a large syringe near the nose a hole equal to the internal diameter of insulin. Atsert an insulin syringe for the ears with screeds, wrapped with synthetic threads and sample.
Insert a small ball and a smaller spring into a large syringe.
Cut the rod of the piston.
Insert a large spring and a second ball.
Insert adjusting screw.
Take nut with screws to the ears.

Figure 5: Finished design

The incoming fluid will strive to press the ball from the inlet, the spring will join it back the stronger, the stronger the adjusting screw will be wrapped. If the screw is fully twisted, the flow will pass freely if completely twisted the flow will be blocked.

Unimportant crane

Those who have the need to use the water supply on the site in winter, faced with the problem of freezing of the street crane. At high temperature drops, water inside the reinforcement and pipes turns into ice and can break them.

There are several ways to organize such water supply:

Installation of a purchased non-freezing crane. In it, the valve plate is located inside a warm wall contour. Install it always with a slope towards the street. Then, after closing the valve, the water remains in the nozzle flows down and does not freeze in the pipe. Devices are available in different lengths, which allows you to install from in various wall thicknesses.

Figure 6: non-freezing valve

The self-made version of such a device is a conventional plate crane, mounted on a pit inside a warm wall circuit. His rod is lengthened by a rod passing through the wall in the tube. The handle is fixed outside on the rod. The nozzle must also be installed with a slope towards the street. This method requires an excess hole in the wall, but is cheaper several times. Of course, you will have to periodically grow scaling, which is formed under the insolence.

Figure 7: Homemade non-freezing valve

Crane installed on underground warmed water supply. In this case, it is necessary to preserve drainage in which the water remains remaining after the crane is closed in the vertical nozzle. The design uses a three-way valve installed in a warmed pit.

Figure 8: Three-way valve

Managed valve from the street through the extension of the rod. In the working position, it includes the flow of water into the vertical nozzle, at the end of which is mounted. As soon as the water is typed, the crane is closed, the feed stops, and the water remaining in the nozzle through the third hole of the crane is drained into drainage.

Sensory

Full touch tap to the home master make it hardly will be under power. The main problem will be in the placement and waterproofing of the infrared sensor of the approximation. A fairly interesting design that allows you to turn on and turn off the water with your hands, you can collect using

Electromagnetic valve from a washing machine for 220 V - 2 pcs.
Fitting 10mm * 1/2 Outdoor thread -2 pcs.
Fittings with ¾ on ½ internal. Thread - 2 pcs.
Call button for open editing.
Wires.

The installation procedure and settings are as follows:

The valves are mounted in the gap of the hot and cold water, immediately before the mixer.
The drive is connected through the foot switch.
During pre-tuning, with open electromagnetic valves, it is necessary to set the required temperature and the intensity of the flow of water and leave the faucet crane in this position.
If necessary, turn on the water is enough to press the bell-valve key to work, and water is spoiled from the crane.

When the water is no longer needed, it is enough to release the key, and the springs will return the valve into the closed state. Special attention should be paid to waterproofing of wires and connections.

Flowing water heater for crane

Purchased flowing electrical heaters have a compact design and are equipped with a temperature control system, spill and aerator. To make such a nozzle on the crane with your own hands in the conditions of a home workshop hardly possible. The main problem is precisely processing parts and ensuring the electrical safety of the device. However, self-relocities have developed a simple and quite effective design, allowing to do without complex and expensive components. It works at the expense of heating the heat exchanger-coil on the gas or electric burner. For the manufacture of enough medium-sized skills.

From materials and tools will be required:

Copper tube with a diameter of 10-12 mm - 1 meter
Rubber or plastic hoses, heat-resistant - 2 distances from the burner to the sink +1 m
2 fittings from the inner diameter of the hoses on ½
Adapter with crane for the Eurocuba
4 Khomuta
Handling with chopped thread and nut to them - 2 pcs.
Construction knife, screwdriver, gas key

Work is carried out in the following sequence:

Press the spiral from the tube on the shape of the burner. The spiral is reduced to the cone to maximize the heat from the burner. The straight portions of the input and outlet nozzle must go beyond the plate panel by 20-30 cm.
Secure the spiral to the lattice plate. Wear hoses on the nozzles and consolidate by their clamps.
One fitting to attach to the supply of cold water (nozzle or tap canister), another to the mixer.
Wear loose ends of hoses on the fitting and also consolidate the clamps. Cold water should flow to the lower nozzle of the spiral.

Figure 9: Homemade Flowing Water Heater

When this heater is working, it cannot be left unattended for a minute.