Rounded log houses: pros and cons. Modern building material: cons and pros of rounded logs Log houses pros and cons

In fact, this material is made from milled logs that have been carefully processed for special equipment... Depending on the type of machine used, it can be given a different profile. The entire production stage is conventionally divided into 6 steps:

• sorting saw logs by diameter;
• feeding to the cylindering machine;
• cutting the house for details using chain and circular saws;
• the bowl-cutting machine receives parts under gusset- "bowl";
• treatment of all parts with an antiseptic;
• packing in special bags for further transportation.

Moreover, during processing, different kinds machines - through type, turning and milling (positional), centering, broaching and others.

Rounded log: pros and cons

This material has both pros and cons. The advantages of rounded logs, first of all, are completely ecological production... No chemical adhesives are used in the manufacturing process. Secondly, log houses – very solid construction, since the log has the same diameter along its entire length. This also ensures a longer service life. Thirdly, has an increased insulating capacity, thanks to the minimum gaps on the rims.

The material itself has a high ability to accumulate heat and, moreover, a sufficiently low thermal conductivity... Fourth, you can connect elements of logs at any angle... This provides truly excellent opportunities for the implementation of any timber structures.

Fifth, significantly saves money and labor during assembly, since the logs arrive at construction site with ready-made channels and cups. All the craftsmen need to do is collect them. At sixth, the material has an aesthetically pleasing appearance and does not require further decorative finishing.

The disadvantages of rounded logs are associated with the fact that the uppermost protective layer is removed during processing. Therefore, the following disadvantages appear: shrinkage of the first floor of the structure by an average of 10-20 cm; the appearance of cracks, the twisting of logs in a spiral under the influence of the wind. The first drawback is especially noticeable. Shrinkage lasts from 6 months to 1 year, and during this period it is important to ensure a gentle mode of operation at home. The use of heating devices is undesirable.

How to determine the quality of the logs?

Round log quality directly depends on the processing mechanisms, as well as on the qualifications of employees performing this work... So, we will describe the points that you should pay attention to when buying. First, all parts must be made from the same wood species. Secondly, the presence of rot, cracks, chips is not permissible on the products. Thirdly, the material must be perfectly flat, curvature is excluded. Fourth, the deviation in diameter and length between the logs can exceed a maximum of 2 mm.

Fifth, each product must be marked with a specific specification. Sixth, log cabins are made of rounded logs only from growing (not dried up before cutting) trees. This is necessary so that natural moisture is provided. Seventh, the entire surface is treated with an appropriate antiseptic for a longer service life. If all these conditions are met, the service life of a rounded log can be more than 20 years.

Round log - chic traditional material, which not only has maximum environmental friendliness, but is also convenient enough for the quick construction of small buildings.

It has a natural appearance, durability and wear resistance, and subject to all technologies, it is in no way inferior in terms of comfort modern cottages from other materials.

• For some, looking at such houses, there is a strong association with an old village hut, stereotypes appear. The similarity is only external, since the design of these houses, for all its simplicity, presupposes the presence of all communications and amenities.
• 2 families can live here in a standard house of 36 square meters, and without experiencing crowding and similar problems. Moreover, log house can be built by a small team of workers or even independently, practice shows that it is quite possible to fit into the shortest possible time

The beauty of such buildings is recognized by everyone: correct round form material and its high-quality polishing make the finished building neat and eye-catching. This circumstance will help save time and money: the walls do not need additional finishing, because they already have all the valuable properties.

• A hand-chopped house is a more expensive pleasure, but not always of higher quality
• The pleasant and warm color of the wood is always pleasing to the eye, and the well-thought-out shape of the logs makes them very easy to stack on top of each other: you obviously don't need the help of a highly qualified team

Nevertheless, log houses have their drawbacks, which are important to work out in time.

Shrinkage

The main disadvantage of log houses is shrinkage, since all the finishing is done after this process is completed. The height of the house may well decrease by 7 percent, while this parameter will greatly depend on humidity and weather conditions.

The most simple solution will cover the roof with roofing material and immediately suspend construction for about six months. Of course, many ignore these points or prefer to leave the house as it is, but it is really durable and beautiful building such a plan will only be implemented if these requirements are met.

It is important, however, to note that when working with a rounded log, this problem will affect you to a relatively small extent: shrinkage at the board and the log is much stronger natural moisture, it is also more significant for any type of timber.

• It will not work to move into the house immediately after construction, but start internal work you can immediately
• If the log is properly dried, you will not have problems with shrinkage, such as significant changes. geometric shape... Naturally, the walls need to be caulked, and sometimes some cracks are repaired, but this is not so difficult to do.
• Shrinkage can last up to two years, a log, for example, by 240 mm may well reach a diameter of 220 mm

Working by hand, you can grind material and a larger diameter, but conveyor products can rarely afford this. At the same time, at the junction of the logs, the thickness reaches 10 cm along the minimum border, in Russian huts it is not for nothing that they traditionally sleep on stoves. Sandwich panels, for example, clearly benefit from this issue.

For houses made of thin logs without glued insulation, in most cases, heating with a stove will be required, and this is hardly the method that can be called energy-efficient.

• For normal life, it is worth considering all heat leaks at the time of design
• The total share of energy losses through the roof and overlap of the first floor is up to 23%, which should not be overlooked
• The cubic capacity of the house is of great importance: with a large volume, the thickness of the walls should be proportionally increased

A rounded log, like any other, burns well, especially if it is well dried. For this reason, certain concerns are always caused by wiring. In combination with humidity, this moment is one of the main risks for a possible fire: it is inappropriate to overload the networks or save on sockets. Make adequate hidden wiring maybe not every craftsman, some experience will be required, since even in the case of glued beams it is much easier.

Cons of houses made of rounded logs

The popularity of rounded logs in domestic housing construction is due to the fact that it allows you to assemble a classic Russian log house, which our ancestors put up, using chopped log... New technologies have made their own adjustments to the procurement and characteristics of the logs, making the construction process more technological and faster, and the erected house more elegant, with even crowns and no cracks.

Let's consider in detail the properties and specifications rounded logs, what it is, what types and types are, dimensions, parameters, pros and cons, how they are made and used in private construction.

What is a rounded log

Rounded log- This is milled lumber, which is a fragment of the trunk, cleaned from the upper, most loose layer of wood. Mechanical restoration(milling) ensures the same diameter of the log along the entire length, which in turn increases the strength and stability of the geometry of the finished structure.

Production of rounded logs

The unique properties of rounded logs are acquired during the production process, which consists of the following stages:

• sorting of raw materials (saw logs) by diameter;

• processing in a cylindering machine. After the milling step, the log will be removed upper layer, and only the core part will remain, which is the most durable and gives less shrinkage. Also, during processing, the difference in the diameters of the logs at the bottom and at the top will be minimized. According to the standard, it cannot exceed 4 mm .;

• sorting of logs. Allows you to sort the workpieces according to the specified dimensions;

• drying: natural or forced;

• the formation of a compensation cut. Note that not all logs have a cut, and is done more often at the request of the buyer;

• cut out. A log gets on sale, having standard length... But, many homeowners prefer not to bother with adjusting the length of the logs, but order a house kit for the house.

  A house set made of rounded logs is ready-made kit for home assembly. It resembles a constructor, which contains a set of parts (logs), prepared in length in accordance with the provided project of the house, with the corresponding marking of each element. A significant advantage of using a house kit is the presence seats(bowls), which make the joining of the logs fast and tight;

• cupping - provides for cutting the seats (bowls) necessary for laying the crowns from the log. Like a profiled bar, two types of seats are cut in a rounded log:

Cross bowls; Material prepared for the site www.site

Diagonal bowls;

Longitudinal grooves. The curvature of the grooves is somewhat different from the curvature of the log. This is necessary in order to lay thermal insulation material... If the dimensions of the grooves coincide, then there is a high probability that after shrinkage the log will touch the lower one only with the central point, and not with the entire surface of the groove. This will lead to the fact that the junction of the logs will have to be caulked;

• facing. End machining;

• antiseptic treatment. It is carried out over the entire area of ​​the log, including longitudinal grooves and bowls. Allows to ensure biological inertness of the log and preserve its properties during storage, transportation and installation. Only antiseptics are used for water based... Such a solution does not clog the micropores of the wood, and it continues to dry;

• transportation to the construction site. Producers often take over this function as they can ensure that the logs are unloaded and properly stored on site. After all, a house from a log is built from 4 to 6 months, depending on its size and the complexity of the project. During this period, it is necessary to organize correct storage material;

• storage;
• package.

Rounded logs - GOST, norms and standards

Please note that a single regulatory document regulating the production and characteristics of rounded logs does not exist. Not in Russia, not anywhere else.

Self-respecting manufacturers develop their own standards - StP (StO) - the standard of the enterprise (organization), which contains all information about the dimensions and deviations, quality and storage conditions of the material.

However, there are a number state standards(GOST), which regulate certain aspects of the production and storage of rounded logs:

And row international standards(ISO) and European standards (EN):

Characteristics of rounded logs in accordance with GOST 9463-88

Types of rounded logs

All types of logs can be classified as follows:

Classification attribute	Detailing
Treatment type	- chopped log... In this case, a cylindrical shape is given to the log using hand planer... He also performs the cutting of bowls. This type of log is suitable for those who love the natural style of the Russian hut - log house; - rounded log... Processing is carried out on a cylindrical machine, due to which the ideal geometry and accuracy of the seats (grooves and bowls) are achieved.
Drying type	- log of natural moisture... The overwhelming majority of products on the domestic market are of this type. This is due to the fact that it is quite difficult to ensure uniform drying of the original log, and the cost of the product increases; - thermal log or dried round log... Today, manufacturers are mastering the production of an improved product - rounded logs with a given moisture content (18-20%). What it is and the main properties are described below.
Profile (groove) view	- lunar; - Finnish.
Wood species (in descending order of popularity and increasing cost)	- pine: Karelian and Arkhangelsk; - spruce; - cedar; - larch; - hardwoods.
Groove location	- longitudinal - along the log strictly in the center; - diagonal - used to create non-standard shapes, for example, bay windows; - transverse - landing bowl.
Dimensions (edit)	- diameter: 160-320 mm .; - working height: 139-272 mm. (depends on the diameter of the log); - length: 1 ... 6 m.p .;

Thermal log characteristics

Thermal log- this is lumber from thermally modified logs. New technology implies heat treatment of wood - high-temperature drying of a log in an airless environment.

Features, properties, pros and cons of thermo-logs:

• drying at a temperature of 125-190 ° C. The choice of temperature depends on the density of the wood;

• complete absence of resin. At the same time, the wood conifers retains its aroma;

• change at the level of the cellular structure. Drying allows you to get a log with a given moisture content, which eliminates the appearance of blue on the surface of the log. In this case, no chemicals are used;

• color correction. Due to the effect of heat, varying the exposure time and temperature, the manufacturer has the opportunity to give the wood noble dark shades. In this case, the color change is not through, i.e. does not affect the entire log, but it is deep enough (1-2 cm), which excludes the appearance of light scratches on the wall surface;

• decrease in thermal conductivity. After heat treatment, wood loses its ability to transmit heat by 0-30%;

• an increase in surface strength, which increases the resistance of the log to cracking;

• decrease in hygroscopicity due to modification of its capillary structure;
• no torsion defects;
• resistance to biological activity;
• ecological cleanliness;
• increased durability.

Among the disadvantages is the high cost.

Profile view (groove) of a rounded log

Profile or longitudinal groove is selected along the entire length of the rounded log and is designed to ensure a more tight fit of the logs along the length during the installation process.

Moon groove

The moon profile is a semicircular longitudinal cut. Has become more widespread due to the simplicity of the device.

Characteristics of the lunar profile rounded log

Finnish groove

Has a more complex groove-ridge mounting system. It has so-called shoulder cuts - cuts, which increase the thermal insulation properties of the junction. The Finnish groove minimizes damage from cracking. At the same time, the use of the Finnish groove allows you to abandon the procedure for caulking the walls from a log.

Characteristics of rounded logs with a Finnish profile

Marking, diameter, working height, groove width, cbm volume

Note. According to thermal calculation log with Finnish profile with a diameter of 220 mm. in terms of thermal insulation it is equivalent to a log with a lunar profile with a diameter of 280 mm.

Wood species

Pine is the most widely used in construction due to the optimal ratio of price and quality. Distinctive features pine cylindering in a beautiful structure, strength, relatively low thermal conductivity, resistance to external influences and affordable price... The Arkhangelsk pine stands out for the fact that it practically does not crack.

As for the cedar, its high price hinders its distribution.

The same judgment is true for larch. Which is the most suitable raw material for the production of rounded logs. Larch is resistant to temperature extremes, moisture, has high density and strength. However, the cost of a rounded larch log is twice the price of a similar pine log. Such characteristics of a larch log led to the fact that it is used as the main one in the formation of the lower crown of a log house.

Sizes of rounded logs

During the harvesting process, the log is sorted before being processed. Barrel with correct parameters allows you to get lumber with specified dimensions at the exit.

Standard log sizes:

• diameter (section) of the rounded log... This parameter is of greatest importance, since it directly determines the thermal conductivity and reliability of the walls.

The diameter of the log varies from 160 to 320 mm. The most popular in private construction is a rounded log with a diameter of 240 mm.

Undoubtedly, a log house, unlike foam block buildings, has large quantity merits. He, like brick house, can serve quite for a long time, and being in it is good for human health. But use it as country house or giving is undesirable.

Features of a log house

Log houses, the design of which you can choose yourself, have a long service life when permanent residence in them. With daily heating of a house with the help of a stove, not only the room is heated, but also its ventilation. When a fire burns, air comes from the room and exits through the chimney. In its place comes Fresh air and thanks to this, damp, stagnant zones do not appear in the house. This process provides such a home with a long service life.

For this reason, those houses that are not heated, or if this happens irregularly, quickly fall into disrepair. One day visit log house v winter time with a natural furnace at the same time, it has the same effect on the frame as the annual cycle of changing the seasons. If you use it only in the summer, then there is no need for its quality factor.

A ready-made log house has traditional cuts and joints and, without practical skills, it is almost impossible to do the job with high quality.

Pros and cons of log houses

Since ancient times, wood has been used for housing construction. And today it is one of the most popular materials. It has enough advantages - environmental friendliness, reliability, durability, and at the moment houses made of this material successfully compete with other materials.

Durability log house directly depends on the quality of its construction.

The most popular for construction is the rounded log. Houses made of this material are suitable for both seasonal and permanent residence. And the available modern projects wooden houses allow you to build a building of any category of complexity - from a small building with a veranda to a solid building with open terraces and balconies.

Energy-saving log houses are distinguished by their comfort and warmth. Due to their low thermal conductivity, they are fresh in hot weather, and warm in winter. The air in such houses is much "lighter" due to phytoncides released by the tree. The main types of wood for construction are pine or spruce. They have sufficient strength and at the same time have low cost... For lower rims at home, larch is used, which is more moisture resistance and strength than pine or spruce.

To protect wood from pests and negative external influences, it is impregnated with a special impregnation liquid.

Besides a large number pluses, this material has. The most basic is its fire hazard. Therefore the walls wooden house treated with fire retardants. In addition, a log house shrinks, which significantly increases its construction time.

When choosing a material for building a house, you should pay the most close attention on a rounded log (OCB). It is the best option for construction for many reasons. To see this and accept the right decision, you need to learn about its disadvantages and evaluate the advantages.

Undoubted advantages

The main advantages of houses made of rounded logs are associated with the technology of its production: it is a processed tree trunk, from which the bark and upper loose layers have been removed. As a result, the house is assembled from the most durable and dense wood, which makes it possible to talk about its durability. Used in manufacturing modern equipment, and all the locking elements are cut with mathematical precision.

The main advantages of a house made of rounded logs:

Weakness

Analyzing the pros and cons of a house made of rounded logs, pay attention to a number of disadvantages common to almost all building materials woody origin. Cylinder is exposed to various threats and must be constantly protected from premature destruction. Let's consider the most serious drawbacks of the house from cylindering:

Many disadvantages of houses made of rounded logs are associated with low-quality building materials, which, unfortunately, are not uncommon. Choose manufacturers carefully: it is best to consider proposals large companies, which can ensure the proper quality of wood processing through the use of high-tech equipment.

Myths and reality

Many disadvantages of cylindering, which are indicated on construction sites, do not correspond to reality. This is confirmed by both professional research and feedback from residents. The disadvantages of rounded logs are associated with the peculiarities of its structure, but practice shows that this does not reduce its strength and durability.

Consider a few enduring stereotypes:

The downside of a rounded log is also called its cost, which is higher than that of a regular round one, which requires manual creation of connecting elements. Although the rounded log is more expensive, it is difficult to attribute this to the disadvantages.

Manual felling takes longer and requires the hiring of professional builders, and their work also costs a lot. The walls can be easily erected from the cylindering on their own, since the crowns are already carefully fitted to each other. Plus, you need minimal caulking. An ordinary log house will have to be constantly insulated, and every year new cracks may appear in the walls.

As a result, we see that a house made of rounded logs, the cons of which can be counted on one hand, is actually warm and durable. This can be seen again by reading the reviews of the tenants.

Thus, many myths about OCB do not correspond to the truth, and they should not become an obstacle when choosing a material for building your own home. Today you can order cylindering from many companies that guarantee its high quality.

You can use pine, fir, cedar, spruce and others tree species, as well as choose a variety of finishes. An OCB house is a great opportunity to build a comfortable and beautiful home that will serve for several generations.