Types of roofs of private houses in design and geometric forms. How to make the project of the roof of the house? Exclusive roofs of houses

Roofs of private houses are divided into several different categories, depending on the shape, structural elements, complexity of the device and other things. Choosing a view of the roof in the construction of the building should be taken into account by many factors: the amount of precipitation in one area or another, the strength of the structure, wind load, the living rooms devices in the attic, etc.

The roof of the house performs several important functions at once:

• provides hydro and noise insulation;
• creates a barrier from the wind;
• acts as a thermal barrier.

The durability of the structure depends on the quality of the design and roofing material. Also, these indicators affect the cost of heating the rooms inside the building.

Flat and scanty roofs

Roofs of houses can be flat and scanty (inclined).

Depending on the architecture of the building, the corresponding roof design is selected at the design stage. Drawings are created, and calculations are carried out, taking into account all the features of this architectural structure. The roof layout is also thought out in advance - the attic or residential premises.

Country cottage with a flat roof

Flat designs are found mainly in countries, in which a small number of annual precipitation falls. Since with abundant amounts of precipitation, water will accumulate on such a roof, and it can start leaking. On the expanses of our country, the construction of buildings use pitched roofs. The plane in such structures is located at a certain angle, usually it is more than 10 degrees and depends on the abundance of precipitation falling over the season in the region.

All other benefits and disadvantages of flat roofs can be found in more detail from this special video.

Much more often use projects of roofs of private houses with inclined designs that can have several slopes at once.

Cextane and attic roofs

By its design, the roof can be divided into unbred and attic. Increased carrier elements of its design are simultaneously overlapping the top floor at home. They can be ventilated and non-ventilated. Attic roofs have an attic overlap, which separates their design from residential premises.

Purpose of the roof

When choosing a roof of the house, it should be in advance to determine how its space will be used: as a simple attic or residential premises. These moments significantly affect what kind of shape and kind of roof will suit your home.

Main types Roofs houses in form

The designs of the roofs of private houses in their form can also be divided into several types:

• single,
• double
• walm
• multiple,
• mansard
• tent
• dome
• conical
• flat.

Main types of roofs for private houses

Single-table roofs, the angle of inclination usually does not exceed 20-30 ⁰. The planes of the attic roofs are installed at an angle of 45-60⁰ at the bottom and 25-35⁰ at the top. For ordinary two-tie structures, this indicator is within 25-45⁰.

Tent roofs suggest the presence of 4-8 planes for better rain removal and snow.

The beautiful designs of the roofs of private houses are obtained when combining several bounce elements or species, however, to maintain such structures in good condition and install them is not easy.

Single Roof

It has a fairly simple form. At the same time, in the arrangement of private residential buildings, this kind of roof is extremely rare, since with a similar design, the load on the rainwater rope system is significantly rising, and they simply look too beautiful.

Private house with a single-sided roof

In most cases, such roofs are used in the construction of a small width of economic supplies. If you still decided to equip such a kind of roof, then you will need reinforced waterproof, which has a greater bandwidth.

Gable roof

Also possessing a very simple design, represent the most common type of roofs for private low-rise buildings. With its arrangement, almost any roofing materials can be used.

Schematic device of a simple standard duplex roof of a private house

Walm (four-tight) roof

Walm (four-tight) roof is more common in southern areas. With this embodiment of the roof improvement, there are no frontones, and the auditory windows, in most cases, are located at the crossing of the skate with the ribs of the Walma. By its design, the hip roof is much more complicated, so it is more often used in cases where the building is required to give aesthetic appeal.

The design of the holm four-tight roof of the house

Multi-line roof

The multi-line roof type is characterized by an impressive number of different embodiments depending on the size and number of forceps (frontoths). Its construction is recommended to trust only experienced professionals, since its arrangement is accompanied by the formation of climb angles, which require very accurate and neat execution of roofing work.

Multi-Top Roof Device House

Athenium roof

As a rule, they are equipped in cases if it is supposed to use a attic for a residential premises. This kind of roof has a broken profile and, accordingly, somewhat complicated in the manufacture. It is often a variety of multi-cycle and duplex roof.

Scheme of a naked roof

Other types of roofs of private houses

In addition, conical, dome and combined types of roofs are sufficiently common. Conical and dome roofs are often used as decorative or individual elements of more complex building designs. The combined type is one of the most common types of roofs, as it combines several elements of single species in itself.

Private country cottage with a conical roof

Choosing a view and shape of roofs for private houses

When choosing a form and type of roof, it is necessary to take into account the factors on which its operational qualities depend. First of all, you should pay attention to the inclination of the roof. In the snow areas it is desirable to pick up designs with simple and steep forms, as the snow on such accumulate will not be absorbed.

In areas with strong winds, when choosing, you need to take into account the strength of wind load.
What it is higher, the greater the angle of inclination, the area and the height of the roof. In addition, it is required to take into account fire requirements for roofs.

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Warming roof house

Glass roofs for private houses

Many country cottage owners dream to enjoy the view of the starry sky. Roof projects of private houses can assume both partial glazing and the arrangement of a transparent dome. Glass roof is installed on the terrace, balconies, veranda.

The shape of the roof for private houses and various kinds of structures is performed in the form of an inclined plane, dome, sphere. Panoramic glass roofs are mounted on several slopes, thereby significantly increases the area of \u200b\u200bview. During the installation of such a design, it is necessary to use reinforced aluminum and steel profiles.

Glass roofs for private houses have their own distinctive features. When designing a structure, it should be noted that it will be necessary to periodically make a wash and repair of brazers. The roof, like the windows, will sweep off the dust and precipitation on its surface. It is also desirable to install the heating system on the glass so that in the cold time the ice and snow do not accumulate on them, and you were able to enjoy opening views.

Materials for transparent roofs

To create transparent and, at the same time, warm and safe roofs are used:

• triplex shovel,
• plexiglass
• polycarbonate
• transparent slate.

The usual glass to create transparent roofs is not used due to its high fragility, when breakdown, fragments can harm human health.

1. Triplex The most secure material for creating a safe coating.
2. Laminated glass also does not give fragments during destruction, however, light-to-face ability is not very large and it is very thick.
3. Reinforced glass is sometimes used to glazing the roofs. If the glass breaks, the fragments will remain in the frame of the metal grid.
4. Plastic translucent materials - polycarbonate, plexiglass and slate possess excellent properties (ease and high strength), which cause their use to create complex sliding structures.

Construction of a simple roof of a wooden country house

Roof projects of houses usually suggest the maximum use of an attic space, for which the room is expanding at the top and insulate. The resulting useful attic area can be used for housing.

The design of the roof of a wooden house consists of a frame and roof. The roof frame consists of carrier and fastening elements. The main part includes: rafters, Maurylalat and doom. Important additional elements of the frame - Rigel, Spa, Racks, etc. They give the stiffness of the design.

Design of wooden house roof elements

The height and volume of the premises are dependent on two factors: angle of inclination and the number of skates. Typically, the projects of the roofs of country houses suggest a duplex broken shape. This design is most convenient for human vital activity. Sometimes on the second floor there is a balcony. It should be borne in mind that at the maximum point, the height of the flooring of the attic should not be less than 2.2 m.

The inner part of the conventional duplex roof can also be used as a residential area. Here have a bedroom or office. The height of the middle part of the room at the same time should not be less than 1.8 m.

The roof consists of materials providing heat, hydro and vaporizolation.

When the roof device, special attention is paid to the selection of insulation. It is also worth staying on a roofing material that is more suitable for the characteristics for your facility.

Detailed Wooden Roof Device Scheme

1. Waterproofing provides precipitation protection, so the coating should not have damage on its surface and even very small and holes.
2. Parosolation ensures the absence of condensate, which can cause dampness in attic and in mansard premises. Also eliminate the recycling of the wooden structure will allow the inclusion in the projects of roofs of country houses of window openings, which will allow ventilation. The location and number of vents affects the damping of the atticness and its illumination.
3. It is made depending on its design features. The monolithic overlaps are stacked hard material. From above, they make a screed and mounted flooring. On wooden structures fit: a vaporizolizing material, insulation, the draft floor is made and only then the floor covering is installed.

For any house, the roof performs a responsible role - this is the main protection against the effects of high and low temperatures, ultraviolet and precipitation. Qualitative performance of the main task will provide competent design, including the choice of design and materials, depending on the climatic conditions and the overall stylistics of the structure. Naturally, each household wants to get from the roof not only significant practical benefits, but also aesthetically enjoyable completion of the design of the facade, complementing it and bringing individuality into his appearance.

Flat roof

This type of roof is difficult to call traditional, but recently it uses stunning success. First of all, such popularity is due to the emergence of such stylistic directions as modern, minimalism and high-tech. The flows are famous for its commitment to clear straight lines. Also, such roofs are also required to provide new quality materials that are able to guarantee high indicators of water protection and heat conservation.

The flat coating will complete a concise design and will look strictly and effectively, but in addition to this obvious advantage, you can select some more others:

- It appears a useful area for organizing a sports field, a winter garden, or a recreation area equipped with a mangal, easy furniture, pergola or another canopy;

- space is also used for technological devices: air conditioning, water collection systems, antennas and even solar batteries;

- for a smooth roof it is easier to care for, the maintenance of all devices and items on it are simplified;

- Laying of this project is taking less time and forces than other analogues.

Athenium roof

Damage top will not only complement and decorate the architectural idea of \u200b\u200bthe house, but also add square meters to the living area. This is a very convenient solution, because such a building is cheaper and easier to build another floor. At the same time, the designated space can be safely used to create a wonderful cozy bedroom or living room.

If you are standing on the threshold of the overhaul of the roof, which includes a complete substitution of materials, be sure to take advantage of the costs compensate for yourself in full:

- You get additional thermal insulation - the living space is much better saved heat than the empty attic or the ordinary roof. At the same time, you should take care of the right ventilation to avoid excessive moisture accumulation;

- Modern furniture is enough mobile and laconic to use the resulting meters as rationally. In general, for the design of an attic interior, refer to such styles as Scandinavian, minimalism or rustics - within these flows you will find many variations for the arrangement of a comfortable and functional room;

- Extensive window openings will provide premises with abundant daylight.

With all indisputable advantages, the attic roof obliges to pay separate attention to the condition of the bearing walls, since they are not always able to withstand a similar load.

Single Roof

The design of a single-table roof is a plane based on the walls of different height. The difference in the length of the bearing walls actually determines the level of inclination of the skate.

Starly planes are a special modern aesthetics, which adds the nature and severity of its clear forms around the building. On the other hand, if the roof in the project is quite extensive, it is necessary to immediately consider that it is necessary to effectively decorate precipitates. Also during the installation process may occur with the provision of thermal insulation.

Among the main advantages of a single-table roof should be denoted such positions:

- The roof will create an original space for designer sizes on the ceiling inside the building;

- A small mass allows you to choose this type of roof for a home without a foundation or with its lightweight variations - screw or bought;

- carry out repair work does not imply special difficulties, as it is used at the top of the facilities;

- Installation does not require high financial costs, complex calculations and high professional skills from the builder.

Gable roof

Familiar to each option, it is often a little children in their drawings. Structurally, the duct roof is the slips of the same size, which rest on the walls and meet each other in the middle.

Symmetry is generated by the classical geometry of the lines and the harmony of the combination of practicality with visual appeal. A place under the coated forms the attic on which it is convenient to store things and install the ventilation system. The double roof device provides a natural snow and water removal system. Build such protection from weather conditions inexpensively and easy enough.

As for the negative sides of the project, the degree of inclination of the roof will depend on the choice of building material. The angle may be at least 22 degrees if you stop on a slate or tile, the metal version of the roof requires about 14 degrees, and the professionalist obliges to 12 degrees.

The spectacular modification of the duplex roof is a multi-level, creating broken straight. It is able to add architecture of the house of originality, but also obliges to accurate calculations and a professional approach.

Walm roof

Walm roof is, in fact, the four-sheet roof, on which the fronts replace triangular rocks (hips). Such a device makes the design very resistant to strong winds and abundant precipitation, and, that is important, adds the architectural idea of \u200b\u200boriginality.

The rigidity of the structure allows it to be practically not changed over time, as well as create a squeeze on each side that additionally protect against adverse weather conditions. There are also varieties of a hip roof - half-haul and tent. The latter rocks are connected at one point, it is perfect for square and rectangular buildings.

Some difficulties you may encounter:

- the complexity of the roof implies painstaking calculations and measurements, long and difficult installation;

- High price;

- the attic space is small, and therefore it is not always suitable for creating attic;

- In the event of the existence of an attic room, its windows will directly interact with precipitation, which can lead to the flow of moisture inside. This trouble can be leveled, the cover of the opening before the rain, but it is not always convenient.

Multi-line roof

Constructed in the form of a set of polygons combining several bounce parts. So it turns out a nontrivial and attractive roof. In its idea and the execution of the roof is quite complicated.

The building for the installation of this top should have a multi-level or square form. Multi-type roof completes the house with an intricate planner, including the presence of attic.

To the main advantages we will draw the following properties:

- Strength and durability. The rafal system is perfectly balanced, which allows you to carry serious loads;

- the ability to organize free space or attic;

- Pleasant and interesting appearance along with practicality. Sharp slopes minimize the effect of the external environment, water and snow are not stored on the roof surface.

In general, the disadvantages are that it will require serious professional experience, special attention to detail, as well as serious financial costs for materials.

Material for roofing

After selecting the appropriate design of your future roof, you need to decide on the materials that will fall on its basis. Among the widespread choice, which is provided with the modern construction market, we collected the most popular of them:

Ceramic tile. The material has proven itself as it is impossible in any climatic conditions. The roof for a private house of the tile has a beautiful form and invoice, reliable in the process of use, does not require frequent care and incredibly durable. If the bed laying has passed qualitatively, the service life is capable of making more than one hundred years.

Porous clay reduces thermal conductivity indicators, however, this property can lead to water absorption, which during freezing it will destroy it. In order to avoid such troubles, cover the ceramic roof using glazes, thus qualitative indicators will not decrease even in the most severe climatic conditions.

Metal tile - This is one of the most modern options for facing the roof with a slope from 12-15 degrees. Beautiful imitation of the clay analogue is reliable and wear-resistant, is not afraid of snow sediments or sun rays, and therefore is incredibly popular.

Professional flooring from metal Also a fairly common material for roofing works. The saturated color palette will give an external appearance of the house elegant and attractive appearance. Qualitative characteristics, functionality, as well as low prices allow us to use the material for a variety of finishing works: wall cladding, fences production and gate. Thus, a good opportunity appears to implement a single architectural design.

Bituminous slateAlso known as Ondulin, manufactured from cellulose fibers and soaked with bitumen, resins, pigments and mineral additives. Ontulin is environmentally friendly, inexpensive, practically does not absorb moisture, resistant to alkalis and acids. In addition, the material has high sound insulation, has a wide range of color variations and is easy to install, and can also be used on curved surfaces.

At the same time, the bituminous coating burns into the sun and is characterized by increased fire hazard. Summer heat and winter frost cause difficulties when driving around the roof. But it will rightly notice that many of the highest quality modifications smooth or even completely level these disadvantages.

And finally, lay out calen glass or double-glazed sheets For the manufacture of a separate part of the roof. For example, a visor over the veranda, a greenhouse, or even a kitchen or living room. The idea is certainly interesting, as the coating becomes a real highlight and decorate both the appearance of the house, and, of course, the space under the roof. Glass withstands high load from moisture, snow and wind.

Each of which can have its own design type, protection method and original design. Before deciding on the type of roof for their home, it is necessary to deal with constructive characteristics.

The main criteria for choosing are:

• type of material;
• type and form of construction;
• the bias of the roof.

Only subject to the competent choice of these components it is possible to create a durable, durable and reliable coating that can withstand any weather conditions. Having preferred one or another type of roof, you need to navigate the climate in this area. So, the roof with a gentle bias in the area of \u200b\u200bactive precipitation in the winter is not the best option. Otherwise, constant snow accumulation subsequently will only destroy the design.

Classifice roofs in the number and shape of the skates. There are single-table, duplex and four-tight roofs. Under the skate implies the bias of the roof itself more than 10 °. There are also complex structures with combined skates. Examples are tent and multi-track roofs. Less frequent in the construction of a private house can be found conical and dome types of roof. Often in structures use several forms, such a type of roof is combined.

In detail, we will analyze each of the listed varieties of roofs of private houses, taking into account the placement in certain climatic conditions.

Single roof is the most simple design that does not require significant labor and cash costs.

The bartal roof is the same inexpensive design that is often used for homes of a wide variety of forms. Great for snow locations.

The attic roof is a type of a two-tie roof, which is distinguished by a broken profile, that is, when each slope has two levels - gentle and falling.

The hollow roof is designed to large winds, it is an excellent option for houses with bulk areas.

Walm roof with a slope of a arcuate form. It is quite difficult to make such a design, but it looks very attracts attention to yourself.

Tent roof - one of the types of Walmova. Perfect option for square houses. This type of roof is folded from the four identical triangles connected by the top like a tent.

Multi-line roof is a complex design, suitable for rectangular and square houses.

A vaulted roof - in the form of an arch, is often used to addition to the main roof.

Bubnoy roof - has the form of four rhombuses reduced to the center, suitable for buildings with a base in the form of a square.

In modern times, the surface of the roofs are increasingly used to create a magnificent landscape design.

If we talk about the practical side, the mounting of solar panels on the roofs of private houses as an alternative energy source is an excellent way to power saving.

Choose a bias for the roof

In the form of the slope of the surface of the roof is divided into flat and scanty. Under the slope implies an angle of inclination of the roof in relation to the horizon. As a rule, measured in degrees.

The arrangement of the roof slope is due to the need to remove different precipitation from its coating. If there is no inclination, the roof flow is inevitable. Yes, and the appearance of such coatings is more suitable for the buildings of economic purposes.

Choosing the degree of liplon, you need to keep in mind that the greatest load from the snow precipitation on the roof is achieved when the angle of inclination is 30 degrees. The self-cleaning of the roof (the snow itself rolls down) occurs at 45 degrees of tilt.

In addition to precipitation, strong gusts of the wind also affect the surface of the roof. An increase in the corner on a clone up to 30% contributes to an increase in wind load 5 times. But the small bias is also unacceptable, since the wind in that case, penetrating the coating joints, can disrupt the design. Therefore, it will be reasonable to choose a downhill and roof shape to entrust experienced professionals who will take into account all the nuances.

Obviously, the pitched roofs compared to flat as an order of magnitude more expensive. But still durability, strength and reliability is much more important than the initial costs. Therefore, the scope roof remains the most popular among private houses. As mentioned earlier, the slope of this type of roof is due to snow and wind load. But besides this, an aesthetic appearance has an anxiety.

Selection of building materials

The choice of roofing materials directly depends on the angle of inclination of the slopes.

Slate (asbestos cement sheet of a wavy form) - used when the roof is biased from 13-60 degrees.

Ceramic tile - this type of coating involves the bias of the roof from 30-60 degrees. With a bias of less than 30 degrees, the mounting of the ceramic tile is allowed, but in this case it is necessary to additionally organize waterproofing and ventilation of the roof.

Metal tile is the most popular material in the construction of private houses. The main advantage of this roof is that the highest angle of the slope is not normalized, but the minimum is 15 degrees.

Profile - As the main material for the roofs, it is quite rare, more often - for garages and household buildings. The laying is made when the roof is tilted, ranging from 10 degrees. The maximum angle is not normalized.

Bituminous tile is an excellent option for roofs with arcuate original forms. The angle of inclination should not be less than 12 degrees.

Bituminous slate - this kind of roof is quite rare and with a slope of at least 5 degrees. The maximum limit is not normalized, but you need to take into account the angle of the slope in order to calculate the crate. As a rule, the borders in the borders of 5-10 degrees provides for the arrangement of solid flooring.

Folding steel roof - used with an angular slope from 20 degrees.

The special group of roofing materials includes sheet glass and double glazing sheet. Most of them make only part of the roof. More often is a visor from the veranda, sometimes living room or kitchen. Undoubtedly, such a design is incredibly beautiful. What is only worth the aesthetic view of the ceiling indoors! But in order to afford a similar architectural composition, it will be necessary to allocate a considerable budget. Glass reliably withstand snowfall and wind. As a rule, it is attached to a metal profile.

Choosing a roof coating, always consider the features of climatic conditions in your area and remember - the denser the roof design, the less the angle of the slope of the skate. Only so you will ensure the durability and strength of the structure.

Aesthetic design

The color palette of materials for the roof in the collections of modern producers is very wide. With the help of color, you can select the roof with a bright contrast, thus highlighting it on a general environment of the environment, or vice versa, create a harmonious sample ensemble when the roof color will virtually merge with the other exterior elements.

All listed roofing options play not only a significant functional role in the buildings of private houses, but also can serve as an excellent aesthetic addition of impeccable exterior.

"Under the roof of my house ..." - these words from the popular song reflect the special symbolic meaning of this element of the construction structure for people living in the house. In this case, the functional purpose of the roof consists in protecting residential premises from the adverse effects of the external environment. In addition, it is an important architectural element that embodies designer projects and the attached to the built house completed the appearance.

Despite the external diversity of the constructions of the final part of the buildings, all existing roof options are classified as defined. Of course, wondering what roof to choose, you need to get acquainted with their list and features.

Different roof options appear in cottage settlements

Roofs are divided into scanty and flat

In the general case, the roofs are divided into scanty and flat. The difference is easy to detect in the photo. The skate is the surface of the roof, inclined to the horizontal at an angle exceeding the value of ten degrees. The number of skates can vary from one to four, and in the design of multi-cycle and tent roofs, these elements are combined. Sometimes you can meet the dome or conical shape of the "caps" at home.

Flat roofs are less common due to their higher cost. For their arrangement, a solid foundation is needed that can withstand the weight of snowy snowdrifts. A similar design is made from concrete and is expensive, but the additional possibilities of using a flat coating appear, which demonstrate the following photos.

Flat roofs are most in demand in the southern regions

Here you can install sports simulators, equip the recreation area, terrace or winter garden. This type of roof is considered to be operated. Roofs are classified according to the following features:

• material from which they are made;
• presence or absence of slope;
• construction features.

It is important to decide: with a attic or with an attic?

When erecting roof it is important to decide: to arrange it with a attic or with an attic. An attic room actually represents a buffer zone between the external environment and residential premises. If it is necessary to perform the roof repair, it provides convenient access to all its elements. The construction of an attic roof requires certain financial costs, but despite this, such a constructive solution is widely popular and used everywhere.

Mansard on the roof allows you to use it as a full living room. Its walls are formed by roofing material. To this end, the height of the skate increases in the right place. The Ceraid design looks very original and unusual, which demonstrates the following photos.

Roofs of mansard type are practical and popular

Creating such a design is associated with certain technical difficulties, so it is relatively expensive, and the specialists usually make such work. However, financial costs pay off by creating additional living space. Bescaneous attic roof enjoys wide popularity.

How the Falishcrove is arranged, photo

Many people do not know what Fishcrove is, for what she needs. In general, it is a roofing coating of individual elements of the building structure to give the last attractive appearance. An example of Falishcroves can be assessed by photo.

Falcharrow is an interesting and functional

The false prefix in the title shows that imitation mean. For example, the arrangement of the Falchcroves on a flat roof will give it a type of scope design. In addition to decorative, this architectural reception has a functional purpose. Such a design protects horizontally spaced platforms from elevated loads and aggressive exposure to the external environment.

Types of shapes of pitched roofs of private houses

The shape of the pitched roofs of private houses are able to please the imagination with their diversity. The abundance of the color of the roofing materials makes it possible to implement the most courageous design projects. At the same time, a single-piece roof is the simplest on the design and technology of work. It is easy to equip it yourself.

Due to its good operational qualities, the greatest popularity of the owners of private houses acquired a double roof, and it is common everywhere.

Hip roofing is characterized by good strength characteristics. A semi-degree variety has a very interesting designer species. Complicated multi-line roofing design looks extremely original. A nuclear roof abis is a broken line.

The multicate tent roof does not have a skate elevation, the decorative purpose has a form of a roof in the form of a cone or dome. There are also complex combined structures that incarnate non-standard design projects.

Single Roof - the simplest

The easiest in the arrangement and cheap is the price of a single-table roof. In essence, it is a flat roof based on different wall overlap. The height difference determines the angle of inclination of the coating. Single roof has the following advantages:

• low cost;
• ease of installation;
• large amount of useful space;
• easy of installation of smoke removal system.

Ordinary single-board roof can be very original

A similar type of roof has a rather unsightly appearance, so it is most often used to cover toilets, sheds and other similar buildings. Enjoy a single-sided roof and the owners of small country houses, which make up with an imperious appearance, which is compensated by the simplicity of the design.

The row roof is most popular

The duct roof covered housing from ancient times, it is most popular in rural areas and urban-type villages. How can I understand from the name, the design is two roofing skate. They provide good flowing of precipitation and prevent them in living space. However, such a coating form has high sailboat, so it can break up a squall impulse of wind.

Non-flat bartal roof keeps considerable opportunities

The connection of the roofing surfaces based on the walls of the same height is called the skate and is the highest line of the house. Skates can have different angles of inclination and be unequal in length. Here you can make a attic or arrange an attic, undoubtedly, this is the most practical kind of roof. Limiting attic vertical walls are referred to in front.

Durable hip design

The hip roof implies the installation instead of the frontones of the rods having a triangle shape in section, the windows are done on top. It has good aerodynamic flowing. Types of hollow roofs are shown in the photo.

Walm roofing is practical and reliable

The technology of performing such work is characterized by the increased complexity of the arrangement of the rafter system, so it is better to provide it to those skilled in the art. The hollow roof is distinguished by high strength and magnificent resistance to the effects of squalls of the wind, heavy rain, or abundant snowfall. It has the following advantages:

• good deformation resistance;
• facade security;
• opposition to aggressive impacts of the external environment;
• the possibility of arrangement of attic.

The semi-walled roof is among the average between the duplex and the Valm option. Here, the bartal roof is closed from the wind exposure by half-haul having good aerodynamic flowing.

Semi-Walled roof provides designer good opportunities

They also carry a decorative purpose, giving the roof a very peculiar design. Hearing windows are equipped in the triangular parts of the frontones formed by the floors of the skates. The arrangement of such a design requires the availability of good professional skills, so the fulfillment of this work is better to provide specialists.

Original and Complex Multi-Top Design

Multi-line roofs are distinguished by the increased complexity of the installation. Here are a wide variety of elements that give her a unique appearance. Fragments of the roof have most often a polygonal shape.

Multi-line roofing construction will serve as a worthy completion of the building complex

Multi-line design has an unusual appearance and allows you to equip additional living quarters. Such roofs immediately attract a look in the cottage settlement, they differ beneficially from the monotony of standard options. Color decoration you can emphasize individual elements, giving the whole structure a contrast view.

Dersighted roof of a broken type

An attic roof, in essence, is a modified type of bunk design. It differs from her a broken profile. To do this, the root is performed by a special break, which gives the slope to a more common line. This constructive solution allows you to increase the useful housing area.

Dersighted roof of a broken type as a union of practicality and design

The shape of the attic is determined by the configuration of the extra room, there you can put the beds and equip the rest room. Hot summer is a strong heating of the roof of the straight rays of the sun.

In this design, the volume between the roof and the room is reduced, which worsens the thermal insulation of the ceiling and the walls of the attic. Thus, it is necessary to perform high-quality thermal insulation of the roof itself.

Tent roof - multicate and without a skate

In the tent roof there are several slopes that do not form the skate when connecting. Laying of such a coating does not represent a special complexity, it can be performed independently.

Options for tent roofs from simple to complex

Tent roofs are usually installed above the houses, the walls of which are located in the form of a square or another proper geometric shape. They have good streamlining and as a result of this are resistant to squall gusts of the wind.

The strength is also very good. The weight of the tent roof is small, as a result, it has a small load on the walls and the foundation.

Decorative conical and dome roofs

Conical and dome roofs in private homes are most often used in decorative purposes. They are a roof of a rounded form, but the construction structure is not covered with it, and its individual elements, such as designer turrets or a round summer kitchen. It should be noted that they look very original, especially when installing on a glazed veranda.

Dome and conical elements are complex: both in practical implementation and in design design

Combined constructions

Combined roofs differ in the most complex design. They combine different elements of other types of roofs: tent, multi-cycle, holm, attic and so on. Strictly speaking, very many examples of the roofs above are combined, although they have a pronounced one characteristic.

Complex roofs combine the wide possibilities and complexity of their implementation.

Combined roofs have a unique appearance, there is a wide space for creative designers. The positive qualities include good functionality and aesthetics, to negative - high cost, complexity of design, installation and further maintenance.

The roof is a construction that serves as the end of the house in its upper part

Roof construction is one of the most important moments in the construction process. When the roof device is very important to follow the installation of the roofing technology, the violation of which can entail the trouble: heat loss, flow or even skew and destruction of the entire roofing frame. So that the roof coped with its protective functions, it must be built properly.

The roof is a mandatory element of any building. Regardless of the type of roof and the materials, of which it is made, this design should be durable and perform its main functions. The main purpose of each roof is to protect the building from any irregularity, and in the event of an attic floor - serve as high-quality hydro and heat insulator.

Designed in accordance with the estimated loads and architectural features of the building The roof structure will allow not only to decorate the construction, but also will provide him with reliable protection. The more carefully the roof device is thought out and the calculations of the parameters of the compound elements of its design are performed, the more practical it will be in the course of further operation.

Diagram of the device of the roof from metal tile

Based on the size of the roofing system, they can be acute or flat. The latter are installed horizontally or with a slope not exceeding 3%. Scope roofs consist of intersecting with their peaks of inclined planes - skates.

The slope of such roofs is calculated based on the used roofing material. Thus, when the roof is coated with ceramic tiles, the slope is determined by the ratio of 1: 2, and if the sheets of metal tile - 1: 3 (L \u003d 16). Roofing with an angle of slope from 15% and more classified as steep, up to 15% - gentle.

What parts of the roofing system of buildings is

Regardless of the features of the structure, on which the installation is planned, its design is mounted from the following main elements:

• maurylalat;
• system rafters;
• doom;
• waterproofing;
• thermal insulation;
• vaporizoation;
• roofing material.

Roofing system design

Mauerlat acts as a solid base of the roof design. This is the upper strapping from the beams made of wood or reinforced concrete. Brussia should be firmly fixed on the walls of the structure. The upper surface of the beams or wooden logs should be horizontal, as the rest of the design elements will be mounted in the future. To protect the wood of bars from the impact of moisture, they can be laid several layers of rubberoid.

The rafter system is the most important part of the roof design, which determines its form, as well as providing the necessary protection and sustainability to the entire building. Often, the features of this roof element define its type and shape and allow you to create unique roofing systems. The rafters must withstand not only the impact of weather conditions, but also the total weight of the roof. Typically, the size of the bar for the frames of the rafter systems is 5x15 cm.

Important!

For a uniform distribution of the load, the strings are strengthened with additional supports: laid in parallel with rafting strings, vertical racks, inclined pins, and also located across the bar race and side runs.

The stability and strength of the roof depends on its supporting structure - the rafter system

For fastening the roofing material on the rafter, the crate of small planks or boards is placed. Wooden boards have apart from each other at a certain distance, depending on the type of roof material. If the roof of the roll type, the stack of laying the crate should be not more than 1 cm. Under the metal tile or polycarbonate sheets optimal is a step of about 60 cm.

For waterproofing, namely protection of the roof from the penetration of moisture outside, use a special film layer. It can be placed under the crate or on top of it, avoiding excessive tension and layer sagging. At the place of the joints of the film, the film is put in size 20 cm and firmly fasten with construction scotch.

There is a large selection of thermal insulation materials for the insulation of the roofs. They can be stacked or sprayed between the beams rafters, not leaving gaps. The uneven distribution of the insulation may adversely affect the quality of the thermal insulation layer and lead to a decrease in its operational characteristics.

Important!

To prevent the accumulation in the roofing system of excessive moisture, a special gaps require sufficient ventilation.

The thermal insulation of the roof allows not only to make the house more comfortable, and the microclimate is healthy in it, but also to reduce energy costs for energy costs

To protect against penetration into the roof of moisture from the inside of the construction, the insulation is covered by another layer of film. Special membrane films are arranged in such a way as to absorb water pairs without passing the roof inside. In the future, the absorbed moisture gradually evaporates.

The upper part and face of the roof is roofing material. For the roof covering, metal tile sheets, slate, professional flooring, roofing steel are used. Less often make roof from polycarbonate, ceramic tiles, glass.

Metal tile - very popular material for creating a reliable roof of any building

Types of roofing designs depending on the form

In form, there are a wide variety of roofing options. In modern construction, a device of pitched roofs is mainly carried out. Horizontal structures cannot fully protect the structure from adverse weather conditions. A lot of snow is delayed on their surface, and the moisture rain can leak into the building.

Forms of pitched roofs

Scope roofs vary by the number of oblique rods. The simplest and economical design of the roof with one slope. The frame of such a roof is mounted on the walls of the house with a specific slope, due to the fact that they have different heights. On the attic floor with such a roof it will not work out to equip the residential attic. Yes, and looks like a building with such a roof is rustic. Such roofs of polycarbonate are more often built on terraces, balconies, verandas.

Single Roof Design is extremely simplicity

Double

Diva (plug) roofs are widely used in the construction of a wooden house in the suburbs or a private building of small cities. Often it can also be on country buildings. 2 skates of such a roof are interconnected by a skate - located horizontally ribs. This type of roof is the most common and most practical. The space under such a roof, limited to the sides of the parts of the walls of the structure, can be used as a attic or attic. The original type of building can be given by mounting the skates that differ in each other with a width or angle of the slope.

Duscate roof - the most popular construction in private construction

Valves of hip roofs

Very reliable and durable design made in the European style is a hip roof (Dutch). Its frame consists of 4 slopes: 2 triangular shapes located instead of the frontones, and 2 trapezoid skate. The device of such a roof is a rather complicated and time-consuming process, but the result justifies the applied efforts.

Tip!

Sometimes, in order to achieve an unused part of the front form in the form of a triangle, its lower part overlap the slope. In this part, a window is usually mounted.

Even more difficult in performance is the semi-raid view of the roofs. Such a roof has truncated triangular slots, located above the trapezoidal. In addition to additional attractiveness, it is characterized by high functional qualities. In addition, the semi-haul design allows you to arrange a fairly large window on the front.

Semi-War roofs - one of the most interesting options borrowed in the North European architecture

Tent frame roof is also a variety of holm type. It is formed by three or more skates, with its vertices connecting at the top at one point. The peculiarity of this roof is the absence of a skate. Symmetric triangular rods create an impressive design in its appearance. This type of roofs are usually used in a polygonal or square-shaped houses.

Multi-line design

For mounting in the structures of the polygonal form, a multi-tape frame roof is suitable. This type of roof is a rather complicated design and requires a carefully thought-out, exactly composed plan.

Multi-line roof will require colossal physical and financial costs, but will delight the creators of the architectural beauty of the building

For the device of the residential attic on the attic floor, the roof of the broken type is installed. The foes of her rods have a significant angle of inclination, which ensure the formation of a large free space under the roof.

The lifric design of the roof allows you to increase the functionality of the building

Dome roofing design

The roofs of the round shape in the form of a cone or domes are installed not all over the perimeter of the building. They cover such elements of structures as decorative turrets or rounded terraces.

Dome houses are a relatively new word in construction, quickly gaining popularity due to the use of alternative form

Combined roofs

The constructions of combined roofs can combine the most diverse types of frames.

Combined roof may include various elements of holmic roofs. Multi-line design can be equipped with a large number of compact glass windows, small balconies, as well as verandas or polycarbonate terraces. Thus, they allow you to embody the most courageous and original design solutions. Their main disadvantage is complex installation and fairly expensive service.

Combined roofs - the most difficult structures

What type of roofing system to choose for a private house

Construction practices apply a wide variety of roofs of private houses. Basically, the emission of this or that type of roof depends on the wishes and financial capabilities of the owner of the house. Currently, the device is possible the device of the most unusual roofing systems: glass, metal, covers of polycarbonate, ceramic or metal tile.

By preferring to any type of roof, the owner of a private house determines the features of the future frame of the rafter system. It is also taken into account, also in which weather conditions will be a building, how the use of the attic room is planned. If a residential attic is assumed, the desired number of rooms in the area under the roof, as well as their purpose take into account.

Flat roof - Fashionable architectural way to build roofs for a country house, which has a number of advantages and functional features

Roof coating materials

Different building materials are used to cover roofing structures: rigid and rush, piece and rolls, profiled and flat. Some are used for the roofing device of a small house, others - for a multi-storey urban building, third - for build-build buildings.

Sheet roof:

• metal tile sheets;
• professional flooring;
• ondulin (EuroShorter, Aqualin);
• slate;
• copper fold sheets, as well as aluminum or steel.

Professional sheet and metal tile appreciate, first of all, for their durability. Slate is a more budget option. The folding coating in contrast to the metal tile is more often used when shelting industrial buildings.

Professional flooring is one of the best building finishing materials for the ratio of price and quality.

Soft types of materials:

• flexible tile. It is mainly mounted multi-track design;
• roll roof (glassizole, hydroisol);
• membrane roof (EPDM, TPO, PVC), for example, polycarbonate sheets.

Pieces:

• ceramic tile;
• bulk (assistant);
• shale roof.

In the construction of country houses, covers from polycarbonate are often mounted. Thanks to its features, the roof is solid and easy. This material is characterized by durability and ease, misses daylight and is an alternative to glass coatings. The roof of polycarbonate is used in the construction of terraces, attic, veranda, greenhouses. Due to the presence of aircases, polycarbonate sheets are characterized by high sound insulation and excellently retain heat inside the room. In addition, the cost of polycarbonate is below glass coatings.

A gazebo with a roof of polycarbonate - a very successful option for installation in the country areas of any size

Functions and types of roof cornice designs

Svet cornice protruding for the perimeter of the walls of the house is designed to protect against precipitation. Eaves of the eaves are masked by the line of connecting the inner surface of the roof slopes with walls of the house and make the facade of the building finished.

Outside of the eaves are equipped on the sides of the building and from its facade due to the regions of the inclined rods. Svet side cornice is usually 50 cm, frontal - about 1 m.

To ensure the safety of the operation of the front cornice, it is necessary to accommodately approach the choice of materials.

Important!

An important point when finishing the cornix is \u200b\u200bthe mandatory provision of sufficient ventilation regardless of the type of the selected design and the size of the cornice.

In total, the number of holes for ventilation should be within up to 1/400 of the area of \u200b\u200bthe internal space.

The roof cornice device provides an additional function of ventilating

Types of roofing frames

The roof frame system is an important bearing element of any building. Depending on the manufacturer's materials, roofing frames are divided into the following varieties:

• the frame design of a concrete type is used for the manufacture of flat or gentle single-sided systems, consists of special plates;
• the roofing system of the rafter type is a frame made of sawn timber. This option is optimally suitable for mounting various types of pitched roofs;
• in industrial homes, it is advisable to install metal frames of roofs made of durable metal beams;

With the construction of private houses, a predominantly frame bartal roofing of sawn timber is used.

Important!

Roof frame in the process of operation is exposed to large loads. To ensure the safety and reliable protection of the building, it must be as strong as possible and high-quality.

Construction of a skeleton house with an attic multiple roof

For the device, the roof of a multi-storey apartment house is more commonly used metal or concrete single-sided structures.

The choice of roofing shape and variety of roof material is largely determined by the characteristics of the architectural configuration of the structure, weather conditions, the planned direction of water flow, as well as the individual preferences of the owner of the house. Regardless of the type of roof, if desired, it can be supplemented and replaced with old elements with new ones.

Ksenia Skvortsova. Chief Editor. Author.
Planning and distribution of responsibilities in the Content-production team, work with texts.
Education: Kharkiv State Academy of Culture, specialty "Cultureologist. Lecturer history and theory of culture. " Experience in copywriting: from 2010 at the moment. Editor: Since 2016.