Modern production knows many ways to improve appearance cast iron and steel products, extend their service life and even form dielectric layers. This can be achieved using a procedure such as chemical oxidation with oiling (chemical ox. prm.). This service, performed by the PK Spetsdetal manufacturing company, allows you to create a marketable appearance for many parts - giving them both a noble black color and preventing the appearance of corrosive processes.

Chemical oxidation by oiling - what is it?

The service is a deliberate process of oxidation of the surface layer of metal products in heated solutions of caustic soda with the addition of sodium nitrate or sodium nitrite.

Main stages

The sorted parts are dipped in a solution of soda ash, sodium hydroxide and trisodium phosphate for chemical degreasing. Then, under a temperature of 90 degrees, they are hot washed. Next, already in cold water parts are cold washed. Next, etching of the inhibited hydrochloric acid which helps to get rid of the formed oil film. Next, the cold washing procedure is repeated and the oxidation procedure is performed. Its essence is that all parts are dipped for 1.5 hours in a mixture of hot concentrated alkaline solution, iron and water. In the following steps, the aforementioned cold, hot washing, drying is performed. As a result, already dry parts are impregnated with industrial oil.

What are the main advantages of the procedure?

• Long-term operation without corrosion, increased adhesion of adhesives and other paints and varnishes.
• Appearance on details decorative coating deep black with no glare. As a result, increased attention to the product and an increased percentage of sales.
• There is no change in the dimensions of the machined parts - the maximum deviation is 0.6-1.2 microns.
• Execution quality. The coating applied by PK Spetsdetal does not lose color and integrity even at temperatures above 180 degrees.
• Efficiency of order fulfillment, as well as the general cheapness of the procedure. Having processed spare parts once, you can enjoy their flawless work for years.

Introduction date for newly developed products 01.01.87

for products in production - when reviewing technical documentation

This International Standard specifies the designations for metallic and non-metallic inorganic coatings in technical documentation.

1. The designations of the methods of processing the base metal are given in table. 1.

Table 1

	Designation	Base metal processing method	Designation
Scarifying	krts	Electrochemical polishing	ep
Punching	shtm	"Snow" etching	snzh
Hatching	str	Processing "under pearls"
Vibration rolling	vbr	Drawing arcuate lines	dl
Diamond processing	alm	Drawing hair lines	ow
satin finish	stn	Passivation	Chem. Pass
Matting	mt
mechanical polishing	mp
Chemical polishing	hp

2. The designations of the methods for obtaining the coating are given in table. 2.

table 2

Coating Method	Designation	Coating Method	Designation
cathodic reduction		Condensing (vacuum)	Kon
Anodic oxidation*	An	Contact	CT
Chemical	Khim	Contact mechanical	km
Hot	Gore	cathode sputtering	Cr
diffusion	Dif	burning	Vzh
thermal spray	According to GOST 9.304-87	Enameling	Em
Thermal decomposition**	Tr	Cladding	PC

* The method of obtaining coatings, painted in the process of anodic oxidation of aluminum and its alloys, magnesium and its alloys, titanium alloys, is designated "Anotsvet".

** The method of obtaining coatings by thermal decomposition of organometallic compounds is designated Mos Tr

table 2

3. The coating material, consisting of metal, is designated by symbols in the form of one or two letters included in the Russian name of the corresponding metal.

The designations of the coating material, consisting of metal, are given in Table. 3.

Table 3

	Designation	Name of coating metal	Designation
Aluminum		Palladium	Pd
Bismuth	In and	Platinum	Pl
Tungsten		Rhenium	Re
Iron		Rhodium	Rd
Gold	zl	Ruthenium	RU
Indium	Ying	Lead
Iridium	Ir	Silver	Wed
Cadmium	cd	Antimony	Su
Cobalt	Co.	Titanium	Tee
Copper		Chromium
Nickel		Zinc
Tin

4. Designations for nickel and chromium coatings are given in the mandatory.

5. The coating material, consisting of an alloy, is designated by the symbols of the components that make up the alloy, separating them with a hyphen, and in parentheses indicate the maximum mass fraction of the first or second (in the case of a three-component alloy) components in the alloy, separating them with a semicolon. For example, copper-zinc alloy coating with mass fraction copper 50-60% and zinc 40-50% denote M-C (60); copper-tin-lead alloy coating with a mass fraction of copper 70-78%, tin 10-18%, lead 4-20% denote M-O-C (78; 18).

In the designation of the coating material with an alloy, if necessary, it is allowed to indicate the minimum and maximum mass fractions of the components, for example, gold-nickel alloy coating with a mass fraction of gold 93.0-95.0%, nickel 5.0-7.0% denote Zl-N ( 93.0-95.0).

In the designation of coating with alloys based on precious metals parts of watches and jewelry, it is allowed to indicate the average mass fraction of the components.

For newly developed alloys, the designation of the components is carried out in order of decreasing their mass fraction.

6. Designations of coatings with alloys are given in Table. 4.

Table 4

	Designation	Name of alloy coating material	Designation
aluminum-zinc	A-C	Nickel Phosphorus	N-F
Gold Silver	Zl-Med	Nickel-cobalt-tungsten	N-Co-V
Gold-silver-copper	Zl-Sr-M	Nickel-cobalt-phosphorus	N-Co-F
Gold-antimony	Zl-Su	Nickel-chromium-iron	N-X-F
Gold-nickel	Zl-N	Tin-bismuth	O-wee
Gold-zinc-nickel	Zl-Ts-N	Tin-cadmium	O-Kd
Gold-copper	Zl-M	Tin-cobalt	Eye
Gold-copper-cadmium	Zl-M-Kd	Tin-nickel	HE
Gold-cobalt	Zl-Ko	Tin-lead	O-S
Gold-nickel-cobalt	Evil-N-Co	Tin-zinc	O-C
Gold-platinum	Zl-Pl	Palladium nickel	Pd-N
Gold-indium	Zl-In	Silver copper	Wed-M
Copper-tin (bronze)	M-O	Silver antimony	Wed-Su
Copper-tin-zinc (brass)	M-O-C	Silver-palladium	Wed-Fr
Copper-zinc (brass)	M-C	cobalt tungsten	Co-V
Copper-lead-tin (bronze)	M-S-O	Cobalt-tungsten-vanadium	Ko-V-Va
Nickel-boron	N-B	cobalt-manganese	Ko-Mts
Nickel-tungsten	N-V	Zinc nickel	C-N
nickel iron	N-F	Zinc-titanium	C-Ti
Nickel cadmium	N-Kd	cadmium titanium	CD-Ti
Nickel cobalt	N-Co	Chrome vanadium	X-Wa
Chrome carbon	X-Y	Titanium nitride	Ti-Az

Table 4 (Revised edition, Rev. No. 3).

7. In the designation of the coating material obtained by burning in, indicate the grade of the starting material (paste) in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation.

8. In the designation of the hot solder coating, indicate the brand of solder according to GOST 21930-76, GOST 21931-76.

9. Designations of non-metallic inorganic coatings are given in table. 5.

Table 5

10. If it is necessary to indicate the electrolyte (solution) from which the coating is to be obtained, use the designations given in the mandatory appendices , .

Electrolytes (solutions) not listed in the annexes are designated by their full name, for example, Ts9. ammonium chloride. xp, M15. pyrophosphate.

11. Designations of functional properties of coatings are given in Table. 6.

Table 6

12. Designations of decorative properties of coatings are given in Table. 7.

Table 7

Name of decorative property	Decorative sign of the coating	Designation
Shine	Mirror	zk
	Brilliant
	Semi-shiny	pb
	Matte
Roughness	Smooth	ch
	Slightly rough	ssh
	Rough
	Very rough	vsh
pictoriality	Figured	rsch
Texture	crystalline	kr
	layered	sl
Color*		Color name

* The color of the coating corresponding to the natural color of the deposited metal (zinc, copper, chromium, gold, etc.) does not serve as a basis for classifying the coating as colored.

The color of the coating is indicated by the full name, with the exception of the black coating - h.

13. Designations of additional processing of a covering are resulted in tab. 8.

Table 8

Name of additional coating treatment	Designation
Hydrophobization	gfzh
Filling in water	nv
Filling in chromate solution	nhr
Application paintwork	paintwork
Oxidation	ox
reflow	opl
Impregnation (lacquer, glue, emulsion, etc.)	prp
oil impregnation	prm
heat treatment
Toning	tn
Phosphating	phos
Chemical staining, including filling in a dye solution	Color name
Chromating*	xp
Electrochemical staining	email Color name

* If necessary, indicate the color of the chromate film: khaki - khaki, colorless - btsv; iridescent film color - no designation.

14. The designation of additional processing of the coating by impregnation, hydrophobization, application of paintwork may be replaced by the designation of the brand of material used for additional processing.

The brand of material used for additional processing of the coating is designated in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation for the material.

The designation of a specific paintwork used as an additional treatment is made in accordance with GOST 9.032-74.

15. Production methods, coating material, electrolyte (solution) designation, properties and color of the coating, additional processing not listed in this standard are indicated according to the technical documentation or written down by the full name.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

16. The order of designation of the coating in the technical documentation:

designation of the method of processing the base metal (if necessary);

designation of the method of obtaining the coating;

designation of the coating material;

minimum coating thickness;

designation of the electrolyte (solution) from which the coating is to be obtained (if necessary);

designation of functional or decorative properties of the coating (if necessary);

designation of additional processing (if necessary).

The designation of the coating does not necessarily contain all of the listed components.

If necessary, in the designation of the coating, it is allowed to indicate the minimum and maximum thicknesses through a hyphen.

It is allowed to indicate in the designation of the coating the method of preparation, material and thickness of the coating, while the remaining components symbol indicated in the technical requirements of the drawing.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

17. A coating thickness equal to or less than 1 micron is not indicated in the designation, unless there is a technical need (with the exception of precious metals).

18. Coatings used as technological coatings (for example, zinc in the zincate treatment of aluminum and its alloys, nickel on corrosion-resistant steel, copper on copper alloys, copper on steel from cyanide electrolyte before acid copper plating) may not be indicated in the designation.

19. If the coating is subjected to several types of additional processing, they are indicated in the technological sequence.

20. Recording of the designation of the coating is carried out in a line. All components of the designation are separated from each other by dots, with the exception of the coating material and thickness, as well as the designation of additional processing with a paint and varnish coating, which is separated from the designation of a metallic or non-metallic inorganic coating by a shot line.

The designation of the method of preparation and the coating material should be written with a capital letter, the other components - with lowercase letters.

Examples of recording the designation of coatings are given in.

(Changed edition, Rev. No. 1, 2, 3).

21. The procedure for designating coatings according to international standards is given in.

21. Introduced additionally (Changed edition, Amendment No. 3).

ANNEX 1

Mandatory

DESIGNATIONS FOR NICKEL AND CHROME PLATES

Coating name	Designation
	abbreviated	complete
Nickel obtained bright from an electrolyte with brightening additives containing more than 0.04% sulfur		Nb
Nickel matte or semi-bright, containing less than 0.05% sulfur; relative elongation in tensile test not less than 8%		Npb
Nickel containing 0.12-0.20% sulfur		Ns
Nickel double layer (duplex)	Nd	Npb. Nb
Nickel three-layer (triplex)	Nt	Npb. Ns. Nb
Nickel two-layer composite - nickel-seal*	Nsil	Nb. Nz
Nickel two-layer composite	Ndz	Npb. Nz
Nickel three-layer composite	Ntz	Npb. Ns. Nz
Chrome normal
Chrome porous		HP
Chrome microcrack		hmt
Chrome microporous		hmp
Chrome "milk"		hmol
Chrome two-layer	xd	Hmol. H. tv

* If necessary, the technical requirements of the drawing indicate the symbol chemical element or the formula of the chemical compound used as the precipitated substance.

Note . It is allowed to use abbreviations and indicate the total thickness of the coating.

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 2).

APPENDIX 2

Mandatory

DESIGNATIONS OF ELECTROLYTES FOR OBTAINING COATINGS

base metal	Coating name	Main Components	Designation
Aluminum and its alloys	oxide	Chromic anhydride	chromium
		Oxalic acid, titanium salts	emt
		Boric acid, chromic anhydride	emt
Magnesium and its alloys	oxide	Ammonium bifluoride or potassium fluoride	fluorine
		Ammonium bifluoride, potassium dichromate or chromic anhydride	fluorine. chromium
		Ammonium Bifluoride, Sodium Bichromate, Phosphoric Acid	fluorine. chromium. phos

APPENDIX 3

Mandatory

DESIGNATIONS OF SOLUTIONS FOR OBTAINING COATINGS

base metal	Coating name	Main Components	Designation
Magnesium and its alloys	oxide	Potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators	chromium
		Potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators, hydrofluoric acid and potassium fluoride (sodium)	chromium. fluorine
Magnesium and its alloys	oxide	Caustic soda, potassium stannate, sodium acetate, sodium pyrophosphate	mill
Steel, cast iron	oxide	Ammonium molybdate	mdn
Steel	Phosphate	Barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate	ox
Cast iron	Phosphate	Barium nitrate, phosphoric acid, manganese dioxide	ox
Magnesium and its alloys	Phosphate	Barium monophosphate, phosphoric acid, sodium fluoride	fluorine

(Revised edition, Rev. No. 1).

APPENDIX 4

Mandatory

EXAMPLES OF RECORDING DESIGNATIONS OF COATINGS

Coating	Designation
Zinc 6 µm thick with colorless chromate	C6. ridge bcv
Zinc 15 microns thick with khaki chromating	C15. ridge khaki
Zinc 9 µm with iridescent chromating followed by paint coating	C9. xr/lcp
Zinc 6 µm thick, black oxidized	C6. ox. h
Zinc 6 µm thick, phosphated in a solution containing barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate, impregnated with oil	C6. Phos. ox. prm
Zinc 15 µm thick, phosphated, hydrophobized	C15. Phos. gfzh
Zinc 6 microns thick, obtained from an electrolyte that does not contain cyanide salts	C6. non-cyanide
Cadmium 3 µm thick, with a nickel sublayer 9 µm thick, with subsequent heat treatment, chromated	H9. Kd3. t. xp
Nickel 12 µm thick, shiny, obtained on a vibro-rolled surface with subsequent polishing	vbr. H12. b
Nickel 15 µm thick, bright, obtained from an electrolyte with a brightening agent	Nb. 15
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny, with a sublayer of forces - nickel 9 µm thick	Nsil9. H. b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, with a sublayer of semi-bright nickel 12 µm thick, obtained on a satin surface	stn. Npb12.H
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny with a copper sublayer 24 mm thick and two-layer nickel 15 µm thick	M24. Nd15. H. b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny, with a copper sublayer 30 µm thick and three-layer nickel 15 µm thick	М30.Нт15. H. b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny with a sublayer of a two-layer nickel composite coating 18 µm thick	Ndz 18. H. b
Chrome two-layer 36 microns thick: "milky" 24 mm thick, hard 12 microns thick	Hd36; Hmol24. x12. tv
Coating with a tin-lead alloy with a mass fraction of tin 55-60%, 3 µm thick, melted	O-S (60)3. payment
Coating with a tin-lead alloy with a mass fraction of tin 35-40% 6 µm thick, with a nickel sublayer 6 µm thick	H6. O-S(40) 6
Tin coating 3 µm thick, crystalline, with subsequent paint coating	03. kr/lkp
Copper 6 microns thick, shiny, tinted in Blue colour followed by paint coating	M6. b. tn. blue/lacquered
3 µm gold-nickel alloy plating, with 3 µm nickel underlayer	H3. 3l-N(98.5-99.5)3
Gold 1 micron thick, obtained on the surface after diamond processing	alm. 3l1
Chemical nickel 9 µm thick, hydrophobized	Chem. H9. gfzh; Chem. H9. gfzh 139-41
Chemical phosphate impregnated with oil	Chem. Phos. prm
Chemical phosphate obtained in a solution containing barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate	Chem. Phos. ox
Chemical oxide conductive	Chem. Oks. uh
Chemical oxide obtained in a solution containing sodium hydroxide, potassium stannate, sodium acetate, sodium pyrophosphate, followed by paint coating	Chem. Oks. stan/LKP
Chemical oxide obtained in a solution of potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators	Chem. Oks. chromium
Chemical oxide, obtained in a solution containing ammonium molybdate, impregnated with oil	Chem. Oks. mdn. prm
Anodic oxide solid filled in chromate solution	An. Oks. tv. nhr
Anode-oxide electrical insulating with subsequent application of paint and varnish coating	An. Oks. eiz/lcp
Anodic oxide hard, oil impregnated	An. Oks. tv. prm; An. Oks. tv. oil 137-02
Anode-oxide, obtained on a hatched surface	str. An. Oks
Anodic-oxide, obtained green-colored in the process of anodic oxidation	Anocolor. green
Anodic oxide, electrochemically dyed in dark gray color	An. Oks. email dark grey
Anode-oxide, obtained on a chemically polished surface, painted by chemical means in red	xp. An. Oks. red
	An. Oks. chromium
Anode-oxide, obtained in an electrolyte containing chromic anhydride	An. Oks. chromium
Anode-oxide, obtained in an electrolyte containing oxalic acid and titanium salts, solid	An. Oks. emt. tv
Anode-oxide, obtained on a matte surface in an electrolyte containing boric acid, chromic anhydride	mt. An. Oks. emt
Hot coating obtained from POS 61 solder	Gor. Pos 61
9 µm silver with 3 µm chemical nickel undercoat	Chem. H3. Wed9
Coating obtained by chemical passivation, hydrophobized	Chem. Pass. gfzh

APPENDIX 5

Reference

DESIGNATION OF COATINGS ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

1. The material of the base metal and coating is designated by the chemical symbol of the element.

The base metal material, consisting of an alloy, is designated by the chemical symbol of the element with the maximum mass fraction. The main non-metallic material is designated NM, plastic - PL.

The coating material, consisting of an alloy, is designated by the chemical symbols of the components included in the alloy, separating them with a hyphen. The maximum mass fraction of the first component is indicated after the chemical symbol of the first component before the hyphen.

2. The designation of methods for obtaining a coating is given in table. 9.

Table 9

Coating Method	Designation
cathodic reduction
Anodic oxidation
Chemical
Hot
thermal spray

3. Designations of additional processing of a covering are resulted in tab. 10.

Table 10

* The color of the chromate film is indicated by:

A - colorless with a bluish tint; B - colorless with an iridescent tint; C - yellow, rainbow; D - olive (khaki).

Coatings A and B belong to the 1st class of chromate coatings, coatings C and D , which have a higher corrosion resistance, belong to the 2nd class.

4. The designation of the types of nickel and chromium coatings are given in Table. eleven.

Table 11

Coating name	Designation
1. Chrome regular
2. Chrome without cracks
3. Chrome microcrack	crmc
4. Chrome microporous	crmp
5. Nickel shiny
6. Nickel matte or semi-bright, requiring polishing
7. Nickel matte or semi-bright, which should not be polished mechanically
8. Nickel double layer or triple layer

5. The designation is written on a line in the following order:

the chemical symbol of the base metal or the designation of the non-metal, followed by a slash;

a coating method in which the chemical symbol of the sublayer metal is indicated;

chemical symbol of the coating metal (if necessary, in parentheses indicate the purity of the metal as a percentage);

number expressing minimum thickness coatings on working surface in microns;

coating type designation (if necessary);

designation of additional processing and class (if necessary).

Examples of designations are given in Table. 12.

Table 12

Coating	Designation	International standard designation
1. Zinc coating on iron or steel with a thickness of 5 microns	Fe/Zn5	ISO 2081
2. Zinc coating on iron or steel with a thickness of 25 microns with a colorless chromate coating of the 1st class	Fe/Zn25c1A	ISO 4520
3. Tin melted coating with a thickness of 5 microns, deposited on iron or steel over a sublayer of nickel with a thickness of 2.5 microns	Fe/Ni2.5Sn5F	ISO 2093
4. Silver plating on brass 20 microns thick	Cu/Ag20	ISO 4521
5. Gold plating with 99.5% gold content on copper alloy 0.5 µm thick	Cu/Au(99.5) 0.5	ISO 4523
6. Microcracked chromium coating up to 1 µm thick, on shiny nickel 25 µm thick, on plastic	Pl / Ni 25 bCrmc	ISO 4525
7. Tin-lead alloy plating, with a tin content of 60%, thickness 10 µm, melted, on iron or steel with a nickel sublayer 5 µm thick	Fe/Ni5Sn60-Pb10f	ISO 7587

Annex 5 Added additionally (Amendment No. 3).

INFORMATION DATA

1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the Academy of the Lithuanian SSR

DEVELOPERS

E.B. Davidavichus, cand. chem. sciences; G.V. Kozlova, cand. tech. sciences (topic leaders); E.B. Romashkene, cand. chem. sciences; T.I. Berezhnyak; A.I. Volkov, cand. tech. sciences; T.A. Karmanova

2. APPROVED AND INTRODUCED BY Decree State Committee USSR according to the standards of 01.24.85 No. 164

3. The term of the first check is 1992; inspection frequency - 5 years

4. Instead of GOST 9.037-77; GOST 21484-76

5. REFERENCE REGULATIONS AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS

	Item number
GOST 9.304-87
GOST 21930-76
GOST 21931-76

6. REPUBLICATION with Amendments No. 1, 2, approved in October 1985, February 1987 (IUS 1-86, 5-87)

The word "corrosion" comes from the Latin " corrosio" which means " fret". Corrosion is a physical and chemical process of destruction of materials and products from them, leading to a deterioration in their performance properties, under the influence environment. Many methods and means have been devised to prevent corrosion.

You can learn more about corrosion from the movie:

Types and designation of coatings

There is quite a large number of coatings applied different ways for fasteners. All coatings can be divided into three types: protective, protective-decorative, decorative.

On the territory of the republics former USSR, at the moment, the following symbols for the types of protective and protective and decorative coatings of fasteners are accepted -, etc. (in the drawings and summary tables you can find both letter and numeric designation of the coating) - all the most common types of coatings are given in the following table :

Coating type	Designation according to GOST 9.306-85	Designation digital
Zinc, chromated	C.hr	01
Cadmium, chromated	Cd.chr	02
Multilayer: copper-nickel	M.N	03
Multi-layer: copper-nickel-chrome	M.N.H.b	04
Oxide, oil impregnated	Chem.ox.prm	05
Phosphate, oil impregnated	Chem.Phos.prm	06
Tin	ABOUT	07
Copper	M	08
Zinc	C	09
Zinc hot	Gor. C	09
Oxide, filled with chromates	An. Oks. Nhr	10
Oxide, from acidic solutions	Chem. Pass	11
Silver	Wed	12
Nickel	H	13

The name of the coating is placed after the dot at the end of the designation of the fastener element. The number immediately after the designation of the coating indicates the thickness of the applied coating in microns, microns (1 micron = 1/1000 mm). If the coating is multilayer, then the total thickness of all layers of the coating is indicated.

How to define coverage parameters in a fastener symbol

• Bolt М20-6gх80.58. 019 GOST 7798-70 - Coated bolt number 01 thickness 9 µm ;
• Nut M14-6N. 0522 GOST 5927-70 - Coated nut number 05 (chemical oxide impregnated with oil - popularly called "oxidation"; outwardly looks black, glossy or matte) 22 µm ;
• Butter dish 1.2. C6 GOST 19853-74 - coated grease fitting C (zinc - also "galvanizing", also called "hot zinc" - according to the method of coating; visually differs from "galvanic galvanizing" in the absence of a pronounced luster and visible structure"flakes" on the surface of the coated part) with a thickness 6 µm ;
• Washer A.24.01.10kp. Kd6.hr GOST 11371-89 - Coated washer Cd.chr (cadmium, chromated - what is called "cadmium"; looks yellow, with an iridescent sheen) 6 microns ;
• Screw B.M5-6gx25.32. 1315 GOST 1491-80 - plated brass screw number 13 (nickel, simply referred to as "nickel-plated"; looks off-white with a slight sheen) 15 µm ;
• Washer 8.BrAMts9-2. M.N.H.b.32 GOST 6402-70 - bronze washer with multi-layer coating M.N.H.b (plating copper-nickel-chrome, or, more simply, "chrome"; looks like a mirror, with a pronounced shine) total thickness 32 µm .

Have questions? [email protected] // 8-912-044-66-44, 8-953-822-86-85

You can order chemical oxidation of steel according to GOST 9.305-84 by phone and e-mail specified in the "CONTACTS" section. To speed up the calculations, please use a special form for on-line order.

An example of the designation of chemical oxidation on steel with oiling: Chem.ox.prm

The coating thickness is not standardized and is usually 2-4 microns.

Coating warranty according to OST5 R.9048-96.Three-step quality control.

Description of coverage. Chemical blackening with oiling - the main coating for giving steel a black color with little or no change in size. At the same time with decorative trim steel is moderately protected from corrosion. In terms of protective ability, chemical oxidation surpasses simple passivation, but is inferior to phosphating, zinc plating and cathodic coatings (nickel, chromium, etc.). Black galvanizing is often used instead of chemical oxidation. No oiling or otherwise finishing oxidation is not applied, because. The coating contains a large number of pores in which pitting can develop.

Permissible operating temperature: up to +180 о С

Advantages of chemical oxidation of steel with oiling:

A) The Khim.Oks.prm coating is used to protect steel from corrosion under operating conditions. 1. When impregnated with oils or processed in emulsion mixtures, it has sufficiently high anti-corrosion characteristics and acceptable wear resistance compared to pure oxide.

b) In some cases, it can act as a primer for painting or for interoperational preservation of steel products.

V) Chemical blackening creates a highly decorative deep black color.

G) The process practically does not change the dimensions of the parts and does not affect the physical and chemical properties of the metal.

Disadvantages of chemical oxide coating of steel with oiling:

A) Black oxide film Has high porosity and low protective properties in the absence of impregnation with oils or emulsions.

b) Cannot be soldered or welded.

V) Possesses low resistance to wear and friction due to the small thickness of the oxide layer.

We accept orders for blackening as in Sverdlovsk region(Ekaterinburg, Alapaevsk, Asbest, Berezovsky, Verkhnyaya Pyshma, Verkhoturye, Irbit, Kamensk-Uralsky, Kamyshlov, Krasnoturinsk, Krasnoufimsk, Nizhny Tagil, Novouralsk, Polevskoy, Revda, Rezh, Serov, Severouralsk and others), and throughout the Urals and Russia (Chelyabinsk, Perm, Ufa, Tyumen, Kazan, Novosibirsk, Moscow and others).

8. Designations of methods for processing the base metal

Processing method base metal	Designation	Processing method base metal	Designation
brushing		Chemical polishing
Punching		electrochemical polishing
Hatching
Vibration rolling		"Snow" etching
Diamond processing		Processing "under pearls"
satin finish		Drawing arcuate lines	dl
Matting	mt	Drawing hair lines
mechanical polishing		Passivation

9. Designation of coating methods

How to obtain coatings	Designation	How to obtain coatings	Designation
cathodic reduction		Condensing (vacuum)
Anodic oxidation*	An	Contact
Chemical		Contact mechanical
		cathode sputtering
diffusion		burning
thermal spray	According to GOST 9.304-87	enameled
Thermal decomposition **		Cladding

* The method of obtaining coatings, painted in the process of anodic oxidation of aluminum and its alloys, magnesium and its alloys, titanium alloys, is designated "Anotsvet".
** The method of obtaining coatings by thermal decomposition of organometallic compounds is designated MosTr.

The coating material, consisting of metal, is designated by symbols in the form of one or two letters included in the Russian name of the corresponding metal (Table 10).

10. Designation of the material of the coating, consisting of metal

Metal coatings	Designation	Metal coatings	Designation
Aluminum		Palladium
Tungsten

The coating material, consisting of an alloy, is denoted by the symbols of the components that make up the alloy, separating them with a hyphen, and in parentheses indicate the maximum mass fraction of the first or first and second (in the case of a three-component alloy) components in the alloy, separating them with a semicolon.
Designation examples: copper-zinc alloy coating with a mass fraction of copper 50-60% and zinc 40-50%

copper-tin-lead alloy coating with a mass fraction of copper 70-78%, tin 10-18%, lead 4-20%

M-O-S (78; 18).

11. Designations of nickel and chromium coatings

Coating name	Designation
	abbreviated
Nickel received brilliant from electrolyte with luster-forming additives containing more than 0.04% sulfur
Nickel matt or semi-gloss, containing less than 0.05% sulfur; test elongation tensile at least 8%
Nickel:
two-layer (duplex)
three-layer (triplex)		Npb. Ns. Nb
two-layer composite - nickel-seal*
two-layer composite
three-layer composite		Npb. Ns. Nz
Chrome:
porous
microcrack
microporous
"dairy"
two-layer		Hmol. X. tv

If necessary, in technical requirements the drawing indicate the symbol of the chemical element or the formula of the chemical compound used as the coprecipitate.
Note. It is allowed to use abbreviations and indicate the total thickness of the coating.
In the designation of the coating material with an alloy (Table 12), if necessary, it is allowed to indicate the minimum and maximum mass fractions of the components,
for example, gold-nickel alloy coating with a mass fraction of gold 93.0-95.0%, nickel 5.0-7.0%
denote Zl-N (93.0-95.0).
In the designation of coating with alloys based on precious metals of watch parts and jewelry, it is allowed to indicate the average mass fraction of the components.
For newly developed alloys, the designation of the components is carried out in order of decreasing their mass fraction.

12. Designations of coatings with alloys

Name material alloy coatings	Designation	Name material alloy coatings	Designation
aluminum-zinc		Gold-copper-cadmium
Gold Silver		Gold-cobalt
Gold-silver-copper		Gold-nickel-cobal
Gold-antimony		Gold-platinum
Gold-nickel		Gold-indium
Gold-zinc-nickel		Copper-tin (bronze)
Gold-copper		Copper-tin-zinc (brass)
Copper-zinc (brass)	M-C	Tin-lead	O-S
Copper-lead-tin (bronze)	M-S-O	Tin-zinc	O-C
Nickel-boron	N-B	Palladium nickel	Pd-N
Nickel-tungsten	N-V	Silver copper	Wed-M
nickel iron	N-F	Silver antimony	Wed-Su
Nickel cadmium	N-Kd	Silver-palladium	Wed-Fr
Nickel cobalt	N-Co	cobalt tungsten	Co-V
Nickel Phosphorus	N-F	Cobalt-tungsten-vanadium	Ko-V-Va
Nickel-cobalt-tungsten	N-Co-V	cobalt-manganese	Ko-Mts
Nickel-cobalt-phosphorus	N-Co-F	Zinc nickel	C-N
Nickel-chromium-iron	N-X-F	Zinc-titanium	C-Ti
Tin-bismuth	O-wee	cadmium titanium	CD-Ti
Tin-cadmium	O-Kd	Chrome vanadium	X-Wa
Tin-cobalt	Eye	Chrome carbon	X-Y
Tin-nickel	HE	Titanium nitride	Ti-Az

In the designation of the coating material obtained by burning in, the grade of the starting material (paste) is indicated in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation. In the designation of a solder coating obtained by a hot method, indicate the brand of solder according to GOST 21930-76, GOST 21931-76.
The designations for non-metallic inorganic coatings are given below:

If it is necessary to indicate the electrolyte (solution) from which it is required to obtain a coating, use the designations given in the mandatory annexes to GOST 9.306-85.
Electrolytes (solutions) not listed in the annexes are designated by their full name,
For example,

C9. ammonium chloride. xp, M15. pyrophosphate.

13. Notation of functional properties of coatings.

14. Designations of decorative properties of coatings

*The color of the coating corresponding to the natural color of the deposited metal (zinc, copper, chromium, gold, etc.) does not serve as a basis for classifying the coating as colored. The color of the coating is indicated by the full name, with the exception of the black coating -ch.

15. Designations of additional processing of the coating

Additional coating treatment	Designation
Hydrophobization
Filling in water
Filling in chromate solution
Applying paintwork
Oxidation
reflow
Impregnation (lacquer, glue, emulsion, etc.)
oil impregnation
heat treatment
Toning
Phosphating
chemical staining, including filling in dye solution	Color name
Chromating*
Electrochemical staining	email Color name

* If necessary, indicate the color of the chromate film:
khaki - khaki, colorless - btsv; iridescent film color - no designation.
The designation of additional processing of the coating by impregnation, hydrophobization, application of a paint and varnish coating may be replaced by the designation of the brand of material used for additional processing.
The brand of material used for additional processing of the coating is designated in accordance with the regulatory and technical documentation for the material.
The designation of a specific paintwork used as an additional treatment is made in accordance with GOST 9.032-74.
Preparation methods, coating material, electrolyte (solution) designation, properties and color of the coating, additional processing not listed in the standard are indicated according to the technical documentation or written down by the full name.
The order of designation of the coating in the technical documentation:
designation of the method of processing the base metal (if necessary);
designation of the method of obtaining the coating;
designation of the coating material;
minimum coating thickness;
designation of the electrolyte (solution) from which it is required to obtain a coating (if necessary) (Table 15 a; 15 b);
designation of functional or decorative properties of the coating (if necessary);
designation of additional processing (if necessary).

The designation of the coating does not necessarily contain all of the listed components.
If necessary, in the designation of the coating, it is allowed to indicate the minimum and maximum thicknesses through a hyphen.
It is allowed to indicate in the designation of the coating the method of production, material and thickness of the coating, while the remaining components of the symbol are indicated in the technical requirements of the drawing.
A coating thickness equal to or less than 1 µm is not indicated in the designation, unless there is a technical need (with the exception of precious metals).

Coatings used as technological
(for example, zinc in the zincate treatment of aluminum and its alloys, nickel on corrosion-resistant steel, copper on copper alloys, copper on steel from cyanide electrolyte before acid copper plating) may not be indicated in the designation.
If the coating is subjected to several types of additional processing, they are indicated in the technological sequence.
The coverage designation is recorded in a line. All components of the designation are separated from each other by dots, with the exception of the coating material and thickness, as well as the designation of additional processing with a paint and varnish coating, which is separated from the designation of a metallic or non-metallic inorganic coating by a shot line.
The designation of the production method and coating material should be written with capital letters, other components - from lowercase.
Examples of recording the designation of coatings are given in Table. 16.

15a. Designations of electrolytes for obtaining coatings (according to GOST 9.306-85)

base metal	Coating name	Main Components	Designation
Aluminum and its alloys		Chromic anhydride
		Oxalic acid, titanium salts
		Boric acid, chromic anhydride
Magnesium and its alloys		Ammonium bifluoride or potassium fluoride
		ammonium bifluoride, potassium dichromate or chromic anhydride	fluorine. chromium
		ammonium bifluoride, sodium bichromate, orthophosphoric acid	fluorine. chromium. phos

15b. Designations of solutions for obtaining coatings

Basic metal	Name coatings	Main Components	Designation
Magnesium and its alloys		Potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators Potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators, hydrofluoric acid and potassium fluoride (sodium)	chromium. fluorine
Magnesium and its alloys		Caustic soda, potassium stannate, sodium acetate, sodium pyrophosphate
Steel, cast iron		Ammonium molybdate
	Phosphate	Barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate
	Phosphate	Barium nitrate, orthophosphoric acid, manganese dioxide
Magnesium and its alloys	Phosphate	Barium monophosphate, phosphoric acid, sodium fluoride

16. Examples of recording designations of coatings

Coating	Designation
Zinc 6 µm thick with colorless chromate	C6.hr. bcv
Zinc 15 microns thick with khaki chromating	C15. hr.khaki
Zinc 9 µm with iridescent chromating followed by paint coating	C9. xr/lcp
Zinc 6 µm thick, black oxidized
Zinc 6 µm thick, phosphated in a solution containing barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate, impregnated with oil	C6. Phos. ox. prm
Zinc 15 µm thick, phosphated, hydrophobized	C15. Phos. gfzh
Zinc 6 microns thick, obtained from an electrolyte that does not contain cyanide salts	C6. non-cyanide
Cadmium 3 µm thick, with a nickel sublayer 9 µm thick, with subsequent heat treatment, chromated	H9. Kd3. t. xp
Nickel 12 µm thick, shiny, obtained on a vibro-rolled surface with subsequent polishing	vbr. H12. b
Nickel 15 µm thick, bright, obtained from an electrolyte with a brightening agent
Chrome 0.5-1 microns thick, shiny, with a sublayer of forces - nickel 9 microns thick	Nsil9. H.b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, with a semi-bright nickel sublayer 12 µm thick, obtained on a satin surface	stn. Npb12. X
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny with a copper sublayer 24 µm thick and two-layer nickel 15 µm thick	M24. Nd.15. H.b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny, with a copper sublayer 30 µm thick and three-layer nickel 15 µm thick	M30. Ht15. H.b
Chrome 0.5-1 µm thick, shiny with a sublayer of a two-layer nickel composite coating 18 µm thick
Chrome two-layer 36 microns thick: "milky" 24 microns thick, hard 12 microns thick	Hd36; Hmol24; x12. tv
Coating with a tin-lead alloy with a mass fraction of tin 55-60%, 3 µm thick, melted	0-С (60)
Coating with a tin-lead alloy with a mass fraction of tin 35-40% 6 µm thick, with a nickel sublayer 6 µm thick
Tin 3 µm thick, crystalline, with subsequent paint coating
Copper 6 µm thick, shiny, tinted a blue, with subsequent lacquer coating	Mb. b. tn. blue/lacquered
3 µm gold-nickel alloy plating, with 3 µm nickel underlayer	NZ.Zl-N(98.5-99.5)3
Gold 1 micron thick, obtained on the surface after diamond processing
Chemical nickel 9 µm thick, hydrophobized	Chem. H9. gfzh; Chem. H9. gfzh 139-41
Chemical phosphate impregnated with oil	Chem. Phos. prm
Chemical phosphate obtained in a solution containing barium nitrate, zinc monophosphate, zinc nitrate	Chem. Phos. ox
Chemical oxide conductive	Chem. Oks. uh
Chemical oxide obtained in a solution containing sodium hydroxide, potassium stannate, sodium acetate, sodium pyrophosphate, followed by paint coating	Chem. Oks. stan/LKP
Chemical oxide obtained in a solution of potassium dichromate (sodium) with various activators	Chem. Oks. chromium
Chemical oxide, obtained in a solution containing ammonium molybdate, impregnated with oil	Chem. Oks. mdn. prm
Anodic oxide solid filled in chromate solution	AN. Oks. tv. nhr
Anode-oxide electrical insulating with subsequent application of paint and varnish coating	AN. Oks. eiz/lcp
Anodic oxide hard, oil impregnated	AN. Ok. tv. prm; AN. Oks. tv. oil 137-02
Anode-oxide, obtained on a hatched surface	str. AN. Oks
Anode-oxide, obtained by dyed green color in the process of anodic oxidation	Anocolor. green
Anodic oxide, electrochemically painted in dark gray	AN. Oks. Email dark grey
Anode-oxide, obtained on a chemically polished surface, chemically dyed red	xp. AN. Oks. red
Anode-oxide, obtained in an electrolyte containing chromic anhydride	AN. Oks. chromium
Anodic oxide, obtained in an electrolyte containing oxalic acid and titanium salts, solid	AN. Oks. emt. tv
Anode-oxide, obtained on a matted surface in an electrolyte containing boric acid, chromic anhydride	mt. AN. Oks. emt
Hot coating obtained from POS 61 solder	Gor. POS61
9 µm silver with 3 µm chemical nickel undercoat	Chem. H3. Wed9
Coating obtained by chemical passivation, hydrophobized	Chem. Pas.gfzh