Homemade plywood boats drawings. Boat from plywood: selection of tools, materials, drawings, build body, sizing seams and installing additional parts, finishing finish. Final giving moisture resistance

First, hello everyone! In my dreams, this boat was a long time ago, a few years ago, I made a layout of this boat, and everything was somehow underwent. And here my "Ufimka" burst (it's time, it since 1985), so so that in the board the meter hole was formed in the form of the letter "g". Believe me, if you wish, I could and repair it, but imagine how much the material I immediately formed: and sturdy, and magnificent bottoms and side tissue rubber, oars, etc. It remained for small, - to purchase sheet plastic. I considered as an option and aluminum, but after acquaintance with the properties of polypropylene (it is easily lighter than water), finally approved on plastic. Immediately make a reservation, nothing happened to the prison - about 1000 is one sheet, and I need two at least two. He picked up a plastic 3mm with basic properties: do not crack when the bending load and keep the rivet line from the destruction (very many samples were cracked precisely along the rivet holes) at a price of 200 sheeps per sheet. In the original conditions, I had the following: a folding boat, with a maximum folded 1.5 m long, 2-seater with a carrying capacity of at least 180 kg, absolute buoyancy, i.e. not sinking even with a full filling with water, aft, killee with a keel transition to a minimum of a feed, steady with an excitement, easy when working in poles and with a small one's own weight, with an option for a small electric motor and with useful devices, such as "comedicle" for Accessories and boxes for bait under the seats, light racks for spinning and of course with minimal time on installation and disassembly. I met all these parameters. Weight boat 18 kg. And now its dimensions: in working condition Length is 2.5 m, width is 0.95 m, the height of the sides is 0.3m, the total height is 0.45m; In transport condition: Length 1.5m, width 0.3m, the thickness of the package is 0.08 m. Also in the kit includes 2 sids, feed insert, tube rigidity of the frame and oars. Now about how to achieve some parameters. Blooming - along the sides are pasted stripes from the material similar to the soldiers' mattresses (they are not drown and moisture-resistant), the sids and feed are placed as stripes, all the tubes are plastic with plugs in the ends, which does not allow water to fill them, as a last resort, if This will be not enough (although it is unlikely) I have noted a place for fastening 2 floats on the nose and stern, like those who have rescuers from the famous series). As a connecting material, rubber bands from the bottom was used, and the feed flexible part from the on-board part of his "Ufimki", planted on glue with the subsequent slicer. All the work carried out in his apartment, in the absence of households, - Beginning, with their arrival, the whole system was easily hidden for the sofa.

I pointed the weight of the boat -18kg. Cost cost: 400 W - plastic, 100 W-slots and rivets, 100 ws - pipe and coupling clutches for rigidity frame, 50sh - connecting screws with barbell nuts and fasteners for onboard plastic. Everything else is: rubber and sturdy from the old boat, plywood on the sidewas and under the ride - trimming, edging on the top of the side - trimming pipes for drip irrigation. And the rest is hands. And how much can it cost for sale I do not know, maybe the fishermen will appreciate? As for the pressure on the lower seam, I was the main pressure (in a sitting position) for 3 sutures, there is an option to connect the tube and side seams under oblique supports as well as the kille part. As for the flooring, it is enough to a wooden lattice 50x60cm between the sedunches with two transverse ribs in the essay of the bottom. I also want on the velcro from the nose of the boat to the first seat umbrella fabric to tighten up to the rain case, to save dry things. I wanted to do the first 3 meter, and it was necessary to buy another sheet of plastic with a large residue after cutting. So I went to minima.

Shl. The cost of materials is indicated in Shekels.

Making time, so well, - from a week. Much time went to search for a suitable plastic. After all, I retired, so when my household went, I got everything because of the sofa back and did. I already wrote that rubber, sturdy and the paddles were from a bundled boat, and the rest is a matter of technology. But at first I made a layout of thin plastic on 25 cm. And with this boat I was easier and because I have a second homemade boat. The first was a frame of plastic pipes and a thin tarpaulin. She was in a disassembled state not longer than meters. In short bag with tubes and case. I also want to do so. That was even easier, and with the current choice of material - should be glitter.
And about the pattern, then everything is simple. Width of 30cm, short part 1 meter length, nasal - 1.5 meters. Retreats from the nose edge of 1 meter and the two arcs to the middle. The photo is clearly visible. But, I advise all the same time with a small model. There, instead of rubber, you can use the scotch (adhesive tape). You can provide all possible options on the model, and the errors correct much easier. Honestly, I did not betray the name of the plastic. I was looking for a polypropylene at the beginning, as it is not brittle and lighter than water, but he has a translated price (for me). Then he began to select according to the principle: I remembered, felt, broke away. The main condition is not to burst into full bend (this means that the body does not burst when they hit), do not crack along the rivets holes. And the buoyancy in the flooded state, I retained at the expense of additional side linings from the soldiers' rug. Glue ordinary rubber, but the main condition for gluing: cleaning, stripping and degreasing glued surfaces, and mandatory mining min. 15 min. After applying glue, before connecting. And I also consider very important edges of the rubber bands along the entire length of the boat to additionally go through thin strips of rubberized fabric, like factory boats.
About changes. Already changed: the boat is designed for 2 people, but at one person the center of gravity moves to the "nose" of the boats and it is descended, and the feed rises, the wave is overwhelmed, so the rower seat has moved closer to the center of gravity, which is easy to dispose on the layout - Models. As for the height of the side, I proceeded from the maximum cutting of the standard sheet. But, for the future I think that the width of the side in 40cm, instead of 33rd, it will still be preferable, and the stability will increase by increasing the overall width of the boat.

The boat is double in the number of sewers and loading capacity.
I don't need to beat the oars when two in the boat, then the seat is inserted closer to the "nose" boats, and when one, then 30 cm for the stern. As for convenience, it is naturally one more convenient, but, if desired, the boat will cost the second. Good luck!

Folding boat under Mercury 3.3

Homemade folding boat

Instaboat for Sale_Setup The Boat

According to the proverb "Prepare Sani in the summer, and in the winter", it is not bad to think about the construction of your own hands and reliable boat. Your attention is offered a master class on how to build a small practical boat from one standard leaf of waterproof plywood. Moreover, the design is not some plywood or wooden pylon, but boats with the correct intensities that improve its seaworthiness and resistance to the course. The boat project is implemented, the boat is made, tested and showed decent seaworthy qualities. The drawing of the boat is available. The boat is controlled and driven by an oars of catering type. Transportation of the homemade boat problems does not cause, this boat is not required :).

How to make a boat from plywood do it yourself

As shown on the video for the manufacture of a homemade boat, you must have a small experience of carpentry work. List of main tools: electrolovik, screwdriver, manual milling machine, grinding machine, clamps. Materials for the manufacture of a boat - a sheet of waterproof plywood 4-6mm thick and dimensions of 2500x1250 mm, planed boards with a thickness of ~ 25-40 mm, rails, brass nails, self-tapping screws, epoxy resin, varnish. The main dimensions of the future boat are as follows: the length of the boat is 3480 mm, the width of the boat is 747 mm.

Step-by-step instructions for the construction of plywood boats

1. Transfer the contours of the pattern to the plywood sheet, it is easy to do according to the scheme "".

Contours of cutting

2. Electrvolovka dissolve the sheet of plywood into four blanks. Pilims neatly finishing electrolybiz.

3. We fold the symmetric sheets in pairs and check the coincidence in size, if necessary, eliminate inaccuracies.

Sheets are condensed

4. We connect the four blanks of the body in pairs, forming the bottoms of the bottom and sides. We connect using an overhead plank, brass nails and epoxy resin. Planks must be in the inside of the case. The connection is carried out with full responsibility - forever.

5. Further work will resemble the work of the surgeon. We sew all seams with wire with a step of 300-350 mm. For this, in the place of each stitch drills two holes at a distance of 20 - 30 mm from the edge of the sheet. We insert the wire bracket and twist the ends before connecting the sheets of plywood on the seam. We give the desired shape of the boat enclosure between the sides. The narrow body will reduce the load capacity of the boat. Too wide housing will reduce the stability of the boat on the course. It is recommended to make the width of the case as in the drawing.

6. Production of the splits. On a place with a step of 300 mm from the middle of the boat in each direction you need to do two folds. Total will be nine splits. Also, four connecting elements of sheets on the nose and 2-3 elements on the feed of the boat are also required (these elements form ahotstovevine and the stentevere boat). To obtain smooth propils, when preparing the splits, it is better to use a circular saw.

7. The splits are installed on the bottom, with the help of self-tapping screws. Spanmosts do not glue!

8. We turn the boat housing and using a hand milling machine with a cutter 6-12 mm We pass along the seam of the combination of the halves of the housing from the nose to the stern. Depth of milling to the bottom edge of plywood. It is clear that the result is the perfect gap with smooth and parallel sections for high-quality gluing of the hull halves. Look at the photo.

9. Consistently removing the sparkms by tightening the hollows of the case and install the splint sheets on the struts, using the same hole for the screws to the plywood. As a result, the seam will be very dense.

Buying a boat - the case is quite cost. That is why many are asked about how to make their own small and reliable vessel. The process of creating a boat is not so complicated as it may seem at first glance. Nevertheless, it is quite painstaking and requires much attention to detail.

The first and most important stage is the definition, from which the ship will be done. There are not much options, let's look at:

Rubber-based fabric. The final result is an inflatable boat.
Plastic.
Steel.
Wood.
Plywood.

Each of the options has its advantages and disadvantages that are immediately striking. But now it will be about a boat made of wood.

Deciding with the material you can move to the following stages of planning and training.

Production features

There are really many features, so let's consider them in detail:

Working with a tree. The first and main feature is the ability to work with wooden structures and with a tree in particular. It is necessary to understand which boards are best to choose how to correct them correctly, what loads can withstand one or another material. Before starting work, it is best to prepare and read books on working with a tree. It is very easy to find them, they are available on the Internet.
Choosing materials for assembly. In addition to wood, it is necessary to immediately decide on other materials that will help to make a boat and protect it from the flow. They must fit for the material that was selected and well interact with it.
Place assembly. For the manufacture, there will be quite a lot of space, as well as time. Professionals for manufacture and assembly can leave 4 to 10 days, depending on the complexity. The newcomer will be needed several times more time. That is why it is important to choose a dry and comfortable place.
Instruments. To facilitate and accelerate the process, you will need a number of tools (which will look later). In addition, it is desirable to have an additional pair of arms at some assembly stages.

These are the main features that need to know, but in the course of work, it is likely to have to face others.

Drawing of boats from boards for self-making

Determine with dimensions

One of the most important steps at the planning stage. The capacity depends on the size, load capacity and weight. It is very important to comply with the right dimensions so that the boat is resistant to water.

They can be changed at their discretion, but within reason:

Length of the whole design. Length can vary from two to four meters. If the vessel is calculated on one, then the length should be 1.8 - 2.5 meters. Two people are about 3 meters. Three people - 3.5 - 4 meters. A boat 3 - 4 meters long can fully withstand up to 5-6 people, the question here is more in comfort.
Width. Also one of the main criteria. Average width of 1 - 1.5 meters. The greater the width, the more stable wonderful. On the other hand, the more width, the less maneuverability. It is necessary to find a golden middle. It is different for everyone depending on the human body, the cargo that will be transported, as well as the length of the whole design.
Board height. The average and recommended side height is 50 centimeters. Again, it can be done both above and below, depending on the desire.

It is repulsted from these dimensions, it will be necessary to do all the details in the future. It is difficult to determine these dimensions to the eye, so it is best to make a drawing for clarity.

Moving to the drawings immediately need to say that it is not necessary to have a talent for drawing. At the moment, the drawing can be done without having similar skills online on the Internet. You can make a three-dimensional model that will meet all the requirements and desires.

In addition to basic sizes, it is necessary to immediately determine the sizes of other, smaller, but no less important details. It is best to make drawings and for them separately so that in the future they did not have to customize them.

Basic planes required to build a theoretical drawing of the boat housing

Necessary materials and tools

Having understood with all theoretical issues, go to practice. Collection of all tools and materials and preparations of their work in the final part of the preparation, therefore it is necessary to take special care to this process.

Consider a list of tools and tools that will be needed when assembling:

This is the main list of what is useful when assembling. In addition, other instruments can be useful in the process. For example, hacksaw, hammer, clips, and so on.

Selection of boat plating boats boats

Manufacturing process

Go to the most interesting, manufacturing process. Imagine it in the form of a step-by-step instruction.

There is no place for a hurry and shortcomings, so we do everything extremely carefully and clearly:

Testing boat

After creating and collecting the vessel, go to its testing.

You can test the boat in different ways, but best of all how many steps:

The first test for testing waterproof can be made in the yard. To do this, turn the boat and install it on some kind of support (chairs, benches, table). Next, we pour a large amount of water on it. To do this, it is best to use the hose and "watery" minutes 5 -10. After that, the boat can be turned over and check if water fell inside.
Now, knowing that schooner does not let water, you can go to the exit to the larger water. More precisely, trying to try it in business. It is strongly recommended the first half an hour not to float into a big depth, because if something is done not so and the boat will begin to quickly gain water, get it much easier to take it.

Let's look at a few tips that can come in handy a newcomer in the difficult construct and assembly.

When assembling, do not regret the materials. For example, when fastening the boards with a bottom boat, it is worth spending up too much, but tightly go through all the joints with glue or resin. In the future, such errors will be fixed very difficult.
To do with a reserve. Excess parts of the whole can be removed, for example, sawing the lump in the nose of the boat. This also applies to all other details.
Before using big nails or screwsIt is advisable to make holes for them with a drill. This will prevent cracks.
Do not slip on materials. What high-quality wood, the longer and better it will last in the future.

Organizing
What yes and what is not?
What to do?
Azbutny truths
Materials
How to make a boat?
Supply
Examples of projects
Finally

Boat on the farm can be needed not only for fishing, hunting or resting on the water. In the incomplete regions with a developed network of waterways of PVC boats Admiralspb.com - the subject of essentials, and in the affected places, production and rental of the flow of a profitable business. How the boatmans earn money in the resorts, this is known to everyone. However, in trade classifiers, small vessels do not relate to goods, the pricing to which is subject to regulation. Therefore, a request: is it possible at all, and how the boat is made with their own hands quite popular. The answer to the first question is unambiguous: yes, and it is much easier than it is considered. A good, spacious, reliable and seaworthy boat can be made away from the water without Helling and Stapel, in any suitable room. And how - this is this article.

In the preparation of materials for this publication, the books "300 Soviets for Boats, Boats and Motors" compiler and scientific editor G. M. Novak L. Shipbuilding 1974, "Boats, Boats and Motors in Issues and Answers" Directory Ed. G. M. Novaka. L. Shipbuilding 1977 and "Kurbatov D. A. 15 projects of ships for amateur buildings" L. Shipbuilding 1986. The author expresses deep appreciation to the authors of these meaningful guidelines. Further in the hints to the illustrations, they are indicated respectively "H74", "H77" and "K.". What is up to the years of the publication, then the water and wind have changed since then? The current vessels are built and swim according to the same laws, only modern materials and computer equipment makes it possible to use them fully.

Organizing

The reader probably has already called questions: what is really so simple? Built - and cry? With my wife, kids, passengers, in the sea in the storm? Depending on the circumstances, you may need a track for a boat with a rigid hull. Documents and Supplies:

The boat is only for yourself, a small disadvantaged reservoir - commodity checks on the materials used in case it will be needed to prove that they are not stolen. Small is considered a reservoir, in which the removal from the coast is possible not more than 500 m, and the boat is only single;
Boat for itself, reservoir shipping any size - additionally certificate for the right to manage a small vessel (analogue of rights to vehicles) and certificate of registration. It is issued by local transport (water) inspections by local authorities. On board the boat should be marked its registration number on the prescribed form;
Then, as well as PP. 1 and 2, the boat may be free passengers - except for PP documents. 1 and 2 Even the rescue vest for each person on board and the mandatory minimum set of supplies, see below;
All the same, but passengers or cargo paid - additionally a license for passenger or cargo transportation on water;
All according to PP. 1-4, boat sailing or sailing and motor, incl. With a complete emergency sail - in addition, the certificate of the yacht steering or other certificates for the right to control the sailing vessel;
The boat is made for sale, not serial - license for the right to produce small floats.

It must be said that on non-good reservoirs of violations of PP. 1-3 are massive, and in few rolled places - patients. The water inspection does not have legal entities or organizational and technical opportunities to get there. Therefore, the claims to the owner of the vessel arise or his criminal prosecution begins only on the consequences of the accident.

What yes and what is not?

Designs of small vessels do not count, but a newcomer with a fan when choosing a prototype it is necessary to follow the trail. The considerations that the homemade boat must satisfy:

The boat should be built under a proven project and / or with full taking into account the vital provisions of the ship's theory, rules of shipbuilding and shipping, see further;
The boat must be reliable, i.e. durable, durable, radiant, spacious weight and volume, sujected for specified swimming conditions and at the same time controlled on excitement, flow in the river and in the fine reservoir;
The boat must be easy enough for the owner to alone pull it on the shore or pull it into water, and with an adult physically medium-wide assistant - immerse for transportation;
The technology of building a boat should not include operations requiring special qualifications or production equipment, but must forgive newcomers and replacement of standard materials and methods of manufacturing available in these circumstances;
It is desirable that the boat can walk well and hold onto the wave on the messengers, under the engine and sail - to save fuel and a full beneficial holiday;
The cost of building a boat must be minimal;
If the boat is stored away from the reservoir, it is very desirable that it meets the requirements for the courts of cardboard, i.e. Admitted transportation on the upper trunk of a passenger car.

Along the entirety qualities, except for the price of materials, the optimal choice for its first ship will be a boat from plywood. Board will cost approx. twice as cheaper, but it turns out to be at the same time heavier and will last a lot less than the option with a steel thin-walled bottom, see below. Homemade fiberglass boats roads and are complex in construction, although reliable and durable. Given all these conditions, it is not further considered:

All-metal welded and riveted boats.
Glissing ships.
Small walking catamarans.
Polyfoam boats, plastic bottles, pontoon boats and doughs rectangular in terms of form, etc. Exotic.
Inflatable boat.

The grounds for such "care" are as follows. All-metal home-made vessels by the transport inspection authorities are not examined and are not registered due to the fact that they are technically impossible in extensive conditions.

The construction of Glisser is not the case for a beginner. Full-time dynamic loads on the gliding body are high, and you can take it, making sure that your first boat is still well swimming. Although, I must say, having some experience, at home it is possible to build a boat-cardboard that goes on gliding on a small wave under the engine only 3.5-6 hp, see for example. track. video.

Video: Example of a homemade boat-gliser and its testing

A small catamaran, and it will be known to the reader, it is easier to build than a boat of equal capacity, and restrictions on the choice of materials for it are softer; For example, you can widely use foam. On the bridge of the catamaran (a platform connecting the float housings), you can, stand, walk, tumble as you like, there you can put a tent and even prepare a kebab. However, catamaran is not a boat and the question of self-made catamarans requires separate consideration.

Boat exotic from the primary materials is simply dangerous. For example, a monocupus boat from the foam will be or something extremely fragile, suitable for swimming is except in the fence "frog", or almost uncontrolled raft, strongly susceptible to the flow or wind.

As for inflatable boats, the enthusiasm for their occasion is explained, besides the possibility of carrying on themselves, the fact that it is enough to present a certificate of the manufacturer on the shipping reservoir, and then the water inspection looks at him through the fingers to the side. However, homemade inflatable boats does not in any way concern.

However, it is enough to look at the patterns of the simplest inflatable boat (see Fig.) To make sure: it is more complicated to cry as it follows the seams in handicrafts, than to build a more spacious and reliable boat with a rigid body, and high-quality materials for a soft plastic boat will cost much more than the best plywood and epoxy glue.

But the most important thing is: without special equipment reliably (without the possibility of inspection), incur into the balloon of security bulkheads is generally impossible. The homemade "rubber band" will be one-bladed: suddenly a sideline, and you are not sagging, to the shore away, or the reservoir strongly zaros - you will only have to mentally sum up your life. For the end of it is close.

Note: If you certainly want to do not build your boat, but glue, it is better to make it from ... trimming water pipes. You do not blow such a boat and do not hide in the backpack, but it will be unspecified. How the boat is made from PVC pipes, see the video below.

Video: Example of a homemade boat from PVC pipes

What to do?

The designs of plywood and boardwalks that do not require the construction of production conditions, too many; Sailing people from the time of the century. Let's try to decide how the novice shipbuilder is navigating in this manifold. For example, boats such as canoeing (pos. 1 in Fig.), Kayak, Bajdara or Domestic Omomoxy are very wrecks, very nautical and at the same time are not afraid of overgrown shamers. However, it is not necessary for the management of them that experience is great art. By the number of drowned recesses among beginners, the canoe boats firmly hold in the top of the rating among small vessels. In addition, such boats with hard trim are technologically complex, because Their dual curvature circuit.

Russian boat-Fofan (pos. 2) is no less legendary than the American Dori (see below), but very incomparable, spacious, and the green samp can control it. Swirling in the nose make Fofan well to the faces in full freight, and together with the "puzzled" body, gentle downlinks in the stern and a swallowed transom capable pretty quickly, up to 20 km / h or more, go under a fairly powerful motor in the transition (semi-massive ) mode. But, as we see, Fofan's droopers are also curved in two ways, and it is hard: to paint Fofan, you need at least 2-3 strong peasants.

Fishing boat Russian Tuzik (pos. 3; Russian Because there is still an American boat-tuzyk ding, see below) is easy, but again with dual curvature kids. The same applies to the sea sailing boat, pos. 5, although it is steadily resting under the sail on the course on a 4-point wave, and it is possible to pull it on the shore alone.

Become once!

So, we have decided yet with one requirement in a homemade boat from plywood: its overs can be single curvature, i.e. The forming surface body must be curved planes. For small quiet inland waters, the optimal choice will be a boat-flat house type Scythian, pos. 5. Scythians in such conditions have proven themselves to be reliable courts. In addition, boats-Scythians are cheap, easy to build, easy: 4 meter Scyth with a bottom of galvanized can raise and immerse one person. Additional advantage for these swimming conditions - Scythians are perfectly controlled during and in overgrown water bodies. Water or algae simply not for having to grasp them.

Note: Contrary to common belief, the Scyth boat can be perfectly walking under the sail, see below. But - only on calm water! On the excitement of Scyth, like any small-sidden flat-bottom, becomes dangerous - the wave beats in the bottom, knocking up the vessel from the course and trying to overturn.

In some more difficult conditions of swimming, on an excitement to 2-3 points, the best boat will be the boat. At the species of ding, it is easy to recognize on the nasal transhpigel and a keeper (as they say having a transverse V) bottom, pos. 6. The latter allows dinks easier to bring to the wave, and the pylon makes the capacity of the capacity to the overall sizes and their own weight of the Dinggi almost a record. Thanks to this, Dinggi is the most popular weekend boat among residents remote from water: 2-3 local dings on the upper trunk fits into the dimensions of the passenger car, and less than 50 kg can weigh. Technologically, Dinggi is even easier than the Skif - it can be collected by the sewing plywood (see below) simply on the floor in the apartment.

Dinggi under the sail (pos. 7) is quite safe, but very twice, and therefore is an excellent ship for initial swimming in sails. He learned how to manage such - it is possible to move to a tile / helm and a large yacht shutter. In the USSR to train adolescent cadets in Yachtclubs, Schutbot-dings "Golden Fish" was widely used.

Note: In seaside areas, it is often possible to meet seaworthy dingies. Externally, they are similar to sick along Fofan (pos. 8), but actually the hydrodynamics and mechanics of their housing are almost the same as Dinggi with the formspigel.

Finally, if you live by the sea or a large inner lake, you know the big water and finally built a boat for her with your own hands, the choice should be stopped on Dori. Boats Dori - True Ocean. Newfoundland fishermen caught and catch fish at 280 and even 400 km from the coast. The seaworthiness and reliability of Dory are phenomenal: there are quite a few cases when the cruel storm was crashed by large reliable ships, and Dori then in the same waters were safely returned home.

Dori boats are known in 2 modifications: pure row of cannon and sailing (pos. 9). To manage the bank dori, you need to be a consoluted savage from childhood, because Their static stability is low. Sailing Dori is not so capricious, learn how to manage it is capable of a newcomer, which knows the foundations of the movement of the vessel under the sail. In addition, the sailing dori can be installed the motor in the well. Equip the boat with a motor well, of course, more complicated than to strengthen the turder motor (see below), but the motor and the screw will be better protected from damage, and repairing the motor on the water can be driving the part or tool without fears.

Azbutny truths

To make a boat correctly, you need to choose technically competent, suitable for these floating conditions and cash of its project. To choose a project, you need to know at least the basics of the theory of the ship, small shipbuilding, shipping and maritime practice on small courts. Therefore, let's start with the theory.

Host

The weight of the displacement vessel is determined by the FRADE number Fr. Physically, it means that with an increase in FR, the length of the nasal wave of the vessel is growing rapidly, see Fig.:

At the same time, most of the engine power or rod of sails is spent on maintaining it. The motor goes to the "zhora fuel" mode, at the same time burning its resource, and the sail is usually not able to pull the vessel on FR\u003e 0.3. From here an important conclusion: do not attempt to increase the speed of the boat, putting too powerful motor on it. Only make swimming more dangerous and money will burn in vain. If the recommended motor power is not specified in the boat project, it can be determined by table. on the trail. Fig.

Movement on too large for this case The FR value is also dangerous: the boat may turn out to be hung on the ridges of neighboring waves or will strive to move back from the nasal wave and break the feed into the water. If, frightening the waves in front of the nose, sharply reset the gas, the boat will be filled with the feed with the next wave: resulting from the waves, move in their laws.

Already a look at the theoretical drawing can be estimated at what numbers the Frouda can walk this vessel. For example, a boat for pos. 5 - half-catching. Next, you need to verify the coincidence of the drawing lines:

Distance from DP to Waterlinnia Vl on the projection of the semidery should coincide with the distances from the DP to the lines of the spangling on the projection of the case on the acc. levels from OP. Taking into account scale, because Projection The body, which is necessary for the construction of globes and patterns of the splits, is most often given on an enlarged scale (see pos. 4).
The distances from the OP to the Batoks should be equal to the distances from the OD to the lines of the splits and waterline on the same sectional plane parallel to the DP, also taking into account the scale.

Next, it is necessary to evaluate the challenges of the vessel: the method of trapezium is determined by the area of \u200b\u200bthe cross sections of the submarine part along the splits and the segments of the acc. Lengths are delayed along the vertical axis, see fig. The distance between the segments (on the same scale) is one sandpaper, i.e. The distance between the sections by the splits. Enveling segments, t. The stripping of the spangling should form a certain streamlined body semi-flowside.

Building a stronger in the splits similar to the application of the rule of space in aviation. But, firstly, in incompressible water, its action affects at any speeds, and not on the arrogant. Secondly, the vessel body is only partially immersed in water and therefore excites gravitational waves in motion, and not pressure. Therefore, the stripping of the spangling should be similar to half a drop, but the bodies of a revival form, like an artillery projectile. The stronger the struts will be built by the spangles, the more walking the ship, and the broad construction says about its good handling. The "tail" rear tests about the ability to walk on significant Frouda numbers, and the "key" in front - about a good germination on the wave, but at the same time about the tendency to grow off.

Note: In addition to the splint assets, the theoretical drawing build a true obstruction of the inclined transaction, see Fig.:

Materials

Tree and plywood

The main structural materials for the boat require some pretreatment. In order for the wooden boat to light up as long as possible, the wood materials first need to be absorbed by a water-soluble antiseptic (biocide) for wood. Not oil, not in the air it will be!

Phaneru, incl. Waterproof, impregnate in several techniques with intermediate dryers to avoid bundle. In the last, only waterproof glue, and the veneer is wooden as it is. Further, in order to fix the biocide and reduce the swelling of the wood, the material in the same way 2-3 times impregnate the water-polymer emulsion. If the project is not specified other, the thickness of plywood for boat sides of a boat up to 4 m should be taken from 4 mm, for the bottom of 6 mm and for the transom from 12 mm; Boards, depending on the breed and quality of the tree, three times quadruple more. The method of proper gluing of wooden parts and allowable bending radii of boards are given in Fig. above. They differ from the construction!

Plywood sheets are difficult to find more than 1550 mm in size, so they are glued in advance in the strip of the desired length with the connection on the Us, see fig. It is impossible to learn how to learn about the descriptions of the plywood and accurate and neatly driving the plywood, so training on trimming. It is only possible to advise the fuse of the mustache on the plane, but to bring the grinding or smooth bars wrapped by sandpaper. Glue the sheets with epoxy glue. The quality of the buris is checked. way:

Cut off the strip of the width of OK. 10 cm. It is almost always possible, because Cropped with curvilinear details.
The band drives into the ring and tighten it until the plywood burst.
If the joint is a quality, plywood should crack anywhere, except for him.

The set of boats are harvested on red nails (for them you need to drill holes), galvanized or conical screws. Red-walled nails are bitten and sprinkled in the washers; Galvanized bends. Under the screws are drilled by holes; Their sizes, tricks of working with nails and fasteners, see fig.

Note: Recently, quite a lot of lovers collect boats on furniture screws-confirm, using the same technological techniques as when assembling cabinet furniture - cabinets, kitchen corners, etc. Showing these boats float, but not long to judge their reliability for a long time.

Fiberglass

Fiberglass punched with epoxy glue is widely used in a small shipbuilding. But a lot on it and complaints: they say, until the autumn did not surcharge - flowed. The reason is a paraffin, which covers fiberglass, before spinning it and weave. Paraffin from fiberglass is removed by boiling in water. It is impossible to burn out, the fabric will become fragile! We boil fiberglass in a clean dishes at least half an hour, then give the dishes with the contents completely cool, remove paraffin crust from the surface of the water and only then the fiberglass is removed.

Takes to work with fiberglass on fiberglass and wood are shown in Fig. Recalling the details of the set of extruded polystyrene foam EPPS is an effective way to increase the rigidity of a wooden housing, slightly increasing its weight, and the assembly of the plywood boat is sewing on epoxy glue technologically simple and gives a completely reliable ship. Brackets make from copper wire with a diameter of 2-3 mm; Steam step holes under them - 40-60 mm. Running forward, the sewing technology of boats from plywood on epoxy is as follows:

Cut out parts without allowance;
The edges are fused so that a wedge shake is the width of 1.5-2 mm wide;
If the bottom is keen, stitched with its parts, put the blank on the killeklocks (see below) and sew on board. Flat bottom immediately put on the gadgets, sew board;
Exhibit the body housing (also see below) and poured the seam glue from the inside;
To frozen the adhesive, the seams are also jammed with 3 layers of fiberglass (see fig. Above). It is not necessary to remove the staples: first, the seam with them will be stronger, secondly, covered holes from the bracket potential source of waters;
When the last sizing is hardened, the transoms (traum) are pasted in the same way;
Remove the housing from the killeklov (kozelkov), bite the brackets outside the flush and are covered with 3 layers of fiberglass seams outside;
Glue into the camps, a whisper, cans, banks (seats), Breschatuk (see below), plank, private bar, etc., which is needed by the project;
Machine a reservoir and finishing.

How to make a boat?

Sham

In the projects of boats, cardage dings and Scythians are often given patterns of their details. In this case, the boat is collected by sewing (stitching) on \u200b\u200bkilleblocks or kids, see fig. Sheltered on the dry case is set on the intensities using templates-patterns and temporary mounting spacers. Suts of the sheets of sheets, as the most durable, have closer to the nose, as the most loaded and damaged.

Building

Building a look of a boat greater than stitched, capacity with election of single curvature begins with the manufacturer of the Forest (see below) and the assembly of the sampling frames. Spanmost shovels often simply cut out of plywood (there are 2-3 them there), but in this case it is so uneconomically - too much quite expensive material will go away. Spanmost plazids are collected, i.e. On a flat plane on which projections of the theoretical drawing on 1: 1 were transferred. If the boats are simple, and there are few places, only the projection of the body can be transferred to the plas. Methods for assembling the spline frames, as the strength, complexity and weight increases, are given in Fig. The grooves near Kiel and Stringors are chosen in advance.

Further, the spline frames put on the frame (pos. And on the next. Fig.), Put up vertical, circuit, fasten a killema bar, stem (see below), private bar and stringers. After that, the set of the housing is small as a flat bar (pos. B). The appointment of the makovki, first, to create a guide in a killear, by which it will be corrupt to a given cylinder; Secondly, to check if a dual curvature and acc. Substrict the bottom edges of the flortimbers. Then the sheath is superimposed, ranging from keel (below in Fig.). After that, the hull is removed from the frame, completing and equipped.

Note: Some lovers after the male are chelluritted against the rules of shipbuilding, removing the cutting of the skin with an excavated set on the sheets of packing cardboard. No need to suffer with geometry on theoretical drawing, and nothing boats float.

Nose

The Foreveland is the most loaded and responsible part of the case set. One of the immutable refuge security rules is reading: if the dangers cannot be avoided, it must be taken on the nose. Therefore, the manufacturer of the striker boats should be considered with full responsibility.

The structures of the belts are given in Fig. Tubes-Waterstops made of solid non-rotting wood prevent water leakage into the case. In terms of reliability, all these designs are approximately the same. The fake nose belt is applied in boat-cards with a narrow trigger.

On the excitement and when hitting the obstacle, the stem is experiencing large dynamic loads, seeking to spread the housing, so it is supported by the Breshtuk. Favoric shipbuilders often neglect them or do not know what it is; This is one of the significant reasons that improvised boats serve a lot less than the deadlines stated in projects.

Stern

Another sufficiently responsible part of the set, especially for the boat, calculated and for the motor - a tramer. The design of the transmission under the motor up to 10-12 hp Dana in fig. on right. General, with reinforcement, the thickness of the transom is from 40 mm. Perhaps more: installation clamps of some suspended motors do not converge in less than 50-60 mm.

Non-optimability

A radical means to avoid severe consequences of incidents on water - non-optimated boat. A disassembled vessel to 0.5 tons to be made unsinkable enough: under the banks and on sides from the inside, foam blocks are pasted; Then, in the nose and in the stern, you can exhaust acc. Nice and ah terrapic and fill them with foam. The volume of unprofitability blocks in the cube. M is calculated by the formula V \u003d 1.2W (1+?), where W is the displacement in T, 1 - the density of fresh water ,? - Mass density of foam. For example, if? \u003d 0.08 Tc / cubic meter. m, then for the boat with displacement of 0.25 T 0.324 cubic meters. M or 324 cubic meters. dm foamflast. It seems to be a lot, but in boat-dings 3 m long one is placed without a noticeable worsening of the inhabitancy.

Supply

The minimum set of compulsory supplies of the pleasure and fishing boat consists of cheerful, rescue vests in person capacity, anchors on a chain or cable, moist end and, in case of swimming in the dark, white nose or top (on the mast) of the navigation fire of circular visibility. The latter is often neglected that in our time it is unforgivable: now on sale there are autonomous LED lamps size with a children's cam with built-in solar panel and battery. Special attention from this set deserves anchor.

Anchor

Joseph Conrad called the anchors with "honest slices of iron", and not wonder: anchor may turn out to be the last chance of saving the vessel and people on it. Mulberry ships are most often supplied with cats, but this is not the best option. First, cats are often stuck on the stones. There is an anchor-cats on sale with folding back with a sharp jerk paws, but they are unreliable: the vessel can spontaneously play with anchor just when they need to keep it tightly. Secondly, the cat, like the classic Admiralty anchor, becomes dangerous in shallow water: the ship can sit down on a lapse of anchor sticking up.

For small vessels, the Hall, Matrosov and lightweight "Trident" anchors are also produced. They are fairly expensive, and they can not do themselves, you need cast details. It is possible to make a welded anchor of Kurbatov (see Fig.), It is suitable for boats up to 5 m long. If you don't care about the anchor with a chain or undesirable, on the stony soils, it is lowered onto the cable on the stitch (thin cable or a thick fishing line) Funny in 2-3 kg.

Suddenly, the anchor of Kurbatov will be stuck in the stones, the khushka, before you release it, you need to raise. Anchor, stuck completely, is released by a strong sharp jerk for the cable. In this case, it may be damaged by the details 4 and 8, but in most cases they can be adjusted immediately with the help of hammer and passage.

On the attachment of the anchor

In the eye of anchor needed in the manufacture of rhyled - the steel ring freely speaking in it. Rhythm is supplied and the rhumage-galks - an anchor cable mounting unit / chain to the vessel body. Fish repeatedly reduce the wear of the cable / chain and the likelihood of their sudden cliff.

Zhwwak-tall is fixed outside to the southwear. Mounting a boat-halks need low, above the Waterlinia itself. In this case, the boat on an anchor will be better to play on the wave, do not go out on an excitement to the nose into the water, and the probability of jams the anchors is much reduced.

Examples of projects

Good projects of boat cardboard, dingies and Scythians, in RuNet and in general there are enough on the Internet. Therefore, we will stop at the projects of boats more suitable.

Scythian

Appearance, data and design boats Scythia design D. A. Kurbatova, suitable for transportation on the upper trunk of a passenger car, are given in Fig. Its distinctive feature is extreme cheapness: the main material - the boards, and the bottom goes on the bottom, i.e. Deck. If you correctly pick up the boards for the bottom (highlighted red on the next. Fig.), Then the boarding bottom will be quite reliable. Moreover, in our days, the seams between the boards can be corpped by a construction deformation cord (used for sealing cracks in concrete) and silicone sealant. Of course, the bottom of this boat can be performed and plywood, then its weight will decrease to 70-80 kg.

On the trail. Fig. The drawings of the details of this boat are given and the method of its assembly is shown, it is also very economical: on a simplified stapel in templates. Under the motor, the trauma is enhanced as described above.

Next in fig. The sailing armament of this boat and the drawings of cheerful for her are shown. Sail - Reiki (emphasis on "O"), learn how to manage him in half an hour - hour, without knowing the theory. But - do not put this sail in the wind fresh and stronger! The CPU of the Rake Sails is significantly higher, the boat is stronger, and it is a flat-bottomed!

As for the fun, it is better to make them precisely according to the drawing. Scythian boats are not very easy, so the configuration of the merry and profile of their blades acquire to save the musculous efforts of the rower.

About the Iron Dn

Skif boats are sometimes made with a bottom of galvanized iron. Such a boat, firstly, with plywood sides weigh everything ok. 50 kg or less than that, i.e. It can be swore as you like alone. Secondly, the boat with a steel bottom turns out to be much more durable in water bodies with an acidic reaction of water, which in the Russian Federation at least debugs: ions even very weak acids spoil glue and protective coatings. Minus at homemade boats with a steel bottom one: to represent them to examine for the purpose of registration it is useless, and not to look.

Dori.

The same author developed a Dori sailing boat project from plywood, see Fig; According to the table of plating, the ordinate is made by cutting the skin, but see above. On sea shallow water with a short cool "evil" wave (Azov, North of the Caspian Sea, Markovy Puddle in the Baltic) This boat showed itself better than a sea boat or Azov Barcas.

Below in fig. The constructive drawing of the boat is given, showing the way it is built on the stapel, the design of the stentevine and the method of the rush of the longitudinal set details. Wood need to use high-quality, without bitch and defects, because Wooden set details when assembling are prestressed.

On the trail. Rice is given Dory sailing armaments. Because Dori under the sail can go to a rather strong wind, one reef is taken on the sail. Meet the specified dimensions: Dori boats are very critical to the mutual location of the CPU and the CBS!

Finally

After swimming, especially in cool weather, I want, you need and useful, eat and bump something hot. Not a hot, on the water it is necessary to observe a dry law. Therefore, in conclusion, we give the drawings of the stove - boat and yacht camelka, which can also come in handy in the country, picnic and in general on the farm.

Despite the abundance in profile stores of fishing and tourist boats of various shapes and sizes, many are still wondering how to make a homemade boat from plywood. The main reason for this interest is perhaps in the indestructible thrust of our compatriots to the creative work.

Let buy today you can whatever you like, but in a homemade boat or scratbot made according to the drawings almost from the magazine "Fishermen", there is some kind of indescribable charm.

In the article we will give several tips using which, you can quickly learn how to make boats - homemade from plywood.

Materials and tools

Not so long ago, homemade mini boats from plywood were very popular. This made it possible to work out techniques for their manufacture, as well as decide on the most suitable materials.

Of course, today the list of available varnishes, impregnates and adhesives for plywood is essentially wider than even ten years ago - but for the manufacture of small operating flooded item, we will not need anything difficult to us:

Plywood - the most important component. For the manufacture of boats, sheets of a cocular natural birch veneer with a thickness of about 5 mm are most often used. Separate parts, such as splits or keel, are cut out of a thicker (10 - 15 mm) material.

Note!
To provide sides with sufficient reliability, it is possible to use extremely high-quality fane, without cracks, bundles, bitch, etc.
Of course, the price of the material of the first or second grade will be higher, but you will be confident in the safety of your boat.

Wood applies to install interior spacers, sides, seats etc. It is advisable to use a edged sharp-made board of light wood.
Suture material is activated to connect separate parts of the trim in a single whole. The seams can be accommodated with a sufficiently thin and flexible wire, plastic clamps, a thick kapron fishing line, etc.
The glue is needed to provide seams due. To date, the masters practically abandoned the natural compositions based on casein, and prefer modern polymer resins.

In addition, we will need special varnishes and impregnations that protect wood from swelling and rotting. Also worth stock kits or similar material for the sizing of all seams. As an alternative to fiberglass, you can use fiberglass - then it will be saved all the bottom and side.

Well, no need to forget about paint - after all, we want our ship to be beautiful!

As for the tools, the set will be practically standard:

Saw on wood.
Electrolovik with a set of cloths of different lengths.
Sander.
Hand tools (hammer, passatia, chisels, etc.)
Clamps for clamping plywood when gluing.
Brushes for impregnation, varnishing and.

Making boat.

Drawings and planning

Before proceeding to work, we determine which vessel we need. To date, in the network you can find a variety of drawings of homemade boats from plywood, so that neither in the construction of flat fishing for fishing, nor in the assembly of tourist kayak there is nothing impossible.

If none of the found drawings do not suit us, you can projection on your own.

True, in this case you will need certain skills to calculate the load capacity, and then the boat may turn out exclusively decorative.

Having studied the available projects of homemade boats from plywood, or making their own, transfer the contours of the main parts on paper.
Using paper templates, on plywood sheets, we draw the lines for which the saws and sheets for the plating will be carried out.
If the factory length does not suit you (and this happens in 99% of cases), it is necessary to carry out their splicing. For this, plywood ends are shy at a sharp angle in such a way that the length of the resulting bevel is 7-10 thicknesses of the leaf itself.

Having putting the bevelled parts to each other, we wash them with glue and clamp the clamps. This technique is called the connection "on the US".
In parallel, we harvest wooden bars, of which the framework of our future boat will be made.

Tip!
To facilitate the work on the project, you can collect special goats from the bars with a cross section of 50x50 mm.
On these goats, it will be much more convenient to place all the details in the connection process, especially if you work without helpers.

Assembling corps

When everything is ready, we start work:

Using a tree saw or an electrolovka ,. The indentation of the project size should not be more than 1 mm, otherwise the side of the stitching "will not comply".
Transtese parts (rear side) and sparkmost glue to obtain the desired thickness and strength. The glued parts will be somewhat heavy, but it is not scary!
If you plan to install a boat engine, then the tracks should be additionally sining and enhanced by a solid wood board.

Tip!
To increase the strength of the connection, the splits and transom can be further fixed by self-drawing.
At the same time, the length of self-samples should be such that the tip does not flash the part through.

We establish a tramer on the printed goats and starting to fix the bottom and side to it, bring them on your nose with each other.
The details of the trim are found either with a suture material (if not very thick plywood is used), or exclusively on glue, shutting the edge of plywood at an angle.

At this stage it is very important that all elements come out in size, since to reduce the slit it will have to be disassembled the entire design and partially trim the splints.

After the "rough assembly" you can proceed to the sizing.

Adhesive work

The instructions for the sizing and sealing of our vessel looks the following form:

We prepare a mixture of epoxy resin and aerosila (silicon dioxide). Components mix in Promotion 1: 1 using a drill nozzle. The optimal consistency of the mixture is like a thick sour cream.
Corners between the bottom, sides and the transom enhance with wooden cartoons - small corners that provide rigidity of the connection.
Strips from fiberglass and fiberglass stick to all seams from the inside, thoroughly wrapped the joints with epoxy-aero composition.

Note!
Since most adhesive compositions contain volatile toxins, all paintworks should be performed using protection tools for respiratory organs!

After drying the glue, we set the splits on the selected places.
To fix the splits, we use the same glue. If the dimensions of the vessel are large enough, then in order to strengthen the design, the splits should additionally be fixed at the bottom and sides with strips of fiberglass.

We are laid down on the bottom, fasteners are streamlined, seats and other parts provided by the design.
If the boat is planned to equip the cockpit (closed space in the bow), we set the lid by fixing it on the sides and the splintings.

Waiting until the whole design is dry, remove the boat with goats, turn it over and gluify the outer surface. Then we processed the epoxy mixture of the seam and sample the bottom of the glass kits.

Color

At the final stage, we need to provide our boat to protect against moisture and give it an attractive sighted view:

Initially, carefully degrease all the details.
Then we process the wood impregnation. It is quite suitable for the composition for marine or river vessels from "Tikkurila".
We swell all the planes, masking the gaps and irregularities, and then we proceed with a special primer.
You can paint homemade plywood boats with almost any paint, but if you want to provide the ship durability, it is better to use special pigment mixtures intended for processing wooden ships.

The average paint consumption is 1 - 1.5 l / m 2. It is best to apply it with the help of a brush, but the use of collapse collar is allowed.

Output

A homemade boat from plywood, made on this technology, will be quite suitable for fishing departures, family walks, etc. Of course, it is not worth going out in the open sea, but as practice shows, for large rivers and lakes of our country, such a design is quite reliable. In the video presented in this article, you will find additional information on this topic.

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