Self-leveling floors. Adjustable floor designs. Installation of floors with leveling plywood

Adjustable flooring is a new technology that will give you the opportunity to reduce your flooring time.

Just like any other technology, it has its pros and cons.

But this is precisely the kind of professionalism of specialists (builders), in order to be able to choose the one that will be truly ideal and optimal among the large number of variations of the flooring device itself.

How does an adjustable floor work?

Mechanism

Completed flooring installed under wooden logs (if, of course, you are using floorboards), or by solid base from OSB (if you are the case with the use of soft coatings or laminate) or sheets of so-called plywood.

Important! During the period of the construction of absolutely any floors - the so-called load-bearing surface must be located in a horizontal position, this is mandatory.

Basically, it is incredibly difficult to achieve this result with the help of fixed lags, often you have to apply different kinds pads and wedges for alignment of spatial position.

These wedges have the ability to creak or bend in the event of improper and inaccurate fixation, or simply later for other reasons to fall out. You cannot fix these problems without dismantling the coverage area, and dismantling itself is associated with huge losses of money and time.

These adjustable floors are perfect for leveling the surface of almost any uneven base. In addition, the alignment mechanism itself will give you the ability to adjust the gap between the supporting base and the floor, and this will already make it possible to place various kinds of engineering networks in such areas.

Adjustable floors mainly consist of metal studs, plywood sheets, plastic stud bolts or floor joists. Enough a large number of modifications of regulation systems, but such a fundamental difference between them is simply not found.

By rotating the threaded joints, the connection itself runs very smoothly (raising or lowering structural elements), in this way you can set the very base of the floors in the required position as accurately as possible.

There are several types of floors (adjustable) in the world, let's take a closer look at them.

Types of adjustable floors

Adjustable floor with plastic adjustment mechanism

Features (characteristic): Most can be realized assembled with separate kits or lags. The floors are installed from the factory much faster because they have threaded threads in the joists, and therefore there is no need to drill with a hole mark.

The dimensions of the lags themselves are as follows: thirty by fifty millimeters, and the distance between the bolts is exactly forty centimeters. We advise you to install the lags in increments of thirty / forty centimeters, the exact value must be selected taking into account the maximum expected load on the floor itself.

Adjustable floor with metal leveling device

Features (characteristic): For the plastic joints, metal studs with washers and nuts are used. They can withstand heavy loads, but it is quite difficult to work with them.

Adjustable floor on metal corners

Features (characteristic): A plus in these corners is the stability of the lags themselves, you can create a very complex structures floors, taking into account the peculiarities of the layout of their rooms. The only drawback is that the installation time increases quite significantly.
Not only the lags, but also the plates can be adjusted.

The second option is used only for laminate flooring and soft flooring. You can apply the second option to almost all types of finished flooring.

With your own hands

You also have the opportunity to make adjustable floors yourself, this option has its advantages. The main ones are quite large savings in money (lower cost), as well as the ability to select the parameters yourself, depending on the specific features of the application.

Also, if you feel like it, you can insulate the floor with adjustable floors, which is considered quite important in conditions of very high prices for the energy carriers themselves.

Installation technology

Adjustable lags on plastic bolts

For a base of a load-bearing nature, a cement-sand or concrete screed, a special set is used adjustable lags made directly from the factory. We can tell you right away that this option is considered the most expensive for adjustable floors.

The first step is to measure the room. This is necessary in order to determine how much lag is needed for a given room. If you are going to make floors in the bath, then know that they do not have a huge load, the distance between the lags must be up to forty-five centimeters.

The next step is to bend on the screed, the distance between the lags. For of this moment a rope with blue is used, with the help of which the beating work will be done very high quality and, most importantly, quickly.

After that, the third step will be to cut the log to the required length. Basically, the length of the logs from the factory is about four hundred centimeters. You should carefully consider how you need to mark the logs in order to minimize the amount of waste as much as possible.

The distance from the cutting line to the nearest adjusting bolt must be at least one hundred millimeters. If the end is much closer to the above-mentioned mark, then the risks of the formation of various cracks under load appear.

After this comes the fourth step, namely the expansion of the lag around the marked lines. To install, you will need:

Special wrench for screwing in bolts;
Screwdriver;
Hammer;
Chisel;
Doboinik for fixing dowels;
Drill with a perforator.

Then you need to install the first log in a vertical position - just screw the threaded hole into simple plastic bolts. After this, you will need to put the ends of the bolts on the line and then drill a hole in the base for the dowel itself.

The depth of such holes (under the dowel itself) must be about two to three centimeters, while its length should be exceeded. This is due to the hole, since a certain amount of concrete almost always remains in it, but if you do not make a reserve in advance in length, then it will be problematic for you to completely hammer the dowel.

The next step is to install the dowels, but you should not finish them all the way. The dowel must not resist the rotation of the bolts. Using a level that is long enough, set the log to the correct yet neat position. If your lag is already installed, and firmly enough, then just firmly fix the dowel. It is worth continuing to install the logs in turn in places with marks, while controlling the position of the marks with a level.

This installation algorithm can be said to be offered to people by the manufacturers themselves, while most builders listen and apply such technology, mainly those builders are those who get their wages every hour, and not by production.

Those builders who earn from the development do it a little differently. To your question "How?" we will tell you. Builders take a simple water level and on opposite walls (two) beat off the so-called zero level lag.

After that, dowels or nails are driven into those sections, everything will be hung from the material from which the wall will be made, after which the ropes are pulled. If the logs need to be connected, then three walls should be taken. The rope will only be tightened when all the lags have already been placed in their fixing areas.

After that, everything goes very quickly and easily. Absolutely every lag is installed along that rope, the main thing is that it should not touch it, it is necessary to constantly check so that the gap between the lag and the rope is as minimal as possible. That's all, in this way you can achieve a very high speed of installation of the adjustable floor, and you can also increase the quality of this floor.

In general, there is a certain direct relationship between the number of measured planes and accuracy. We will explain to you now. There is a fairly high probability that the position of the first lag will deviate from the very low level by about one millimeter.

This is normal enough by real standards. It was for this purpose that a template was produced - if you need to cut off a sufficiently large number of identical parts, and at the same time the dimensions are not removed from each already finished part in turn. In this case, the rope will act as a template.

The seventh step will be the felling, namely with a wide sharp chisel it will be necessary to cut down the protruding area of the plastic bolt.

Mounting lags on metal plates

The main advantage of these floors is the increased stability of the fastening due to the increased area of the lower stop. There is also a drawback, namely, the terms increase, that is, the inability to continue and generally do the work yourself.

The logs themselves should be fixed to the U-shaped plates using self-cuts, while the process of adjusting the height of the location of the logs themselves must be carried out using a series of holes on both sides of the plate, made in a vertical position.

Installation of logs on iron pins

Adjustable floors of this type can be installed without the help of others, we will tell you specifically about this option. Choose the dimensions of the lag taking into account the characteristics of the floor and the greatest loads. Iron studs with zinc coating, optimal caliber 6 ÷ 8 mm. Studs, nuts and washers are useful for the production of the system.

Step 1... Beat parallel stripes on the supporting base at a distance of 30 ÷ 50 centimeters. The farther the distance, the tighter the lags must be chosen.

Step 2... Calculate according to the number of lags, washers, nuts and studs. The recommended distance between the studs is 30 ÷ 40 cm. Prepare all the materials used, additional components and devices for the manufacture of work.

Step 3... Mark the holes in the lags for the studs, all of them must be located on the symmetry stripes. In the marked places, first drill a through hole Ø6 mm for the pin (if the caliber of the pin is different, then the corresponding hole must be drilled). WITH outside lags, drill a hole for the washer gauge with a feather drill. The abyss of the hole must exceed the required sum of the nut height and the washer thickness by a certain number of millimeters.

There is a 2nd method of marking holes in front of the anchor, but it takes more time, but despite all the above, it excludes the possibility of errors.

Everything is done like this: first you need to outline only the last 2 holes in front of the anchor, screw them into the studs, fix the lag on 2 nuts in a suitable location. Now, during the upcoming marking, the lag will not move anywhere.

In this arrangement, it is permissible to immediately drill holes in front of the anchor to the full depth. The work is completed - the lag is removed, all the pins are screwed into the space.

This function will need to be done with each lag, labor productivity is minimized by 2 times. You yourself must take the final conclusion on the marking technique, taking into account the position of the concrete floor and the experiment of performing a similar family of cases.

Step 5... Screw a nut onto any stud and place a washer. It is better to immediately make your choice with the placement of their location in accordance with the height. Tighten the studs into the anchors firmly.

Step 6... Put the logs on the studs in turn, with a wrench of the required volume by turning the lower nut to the left / right, straighten the condition of the log. Keep in mind that the thread pitch of iron nuts is much smaller than that of plastic nuts.

Step 7. Lags are exposed - it is allowed to start fixing them. Use a washer and nut, insert them into the top hole.

Important! Tighten the top nut with great effort, even a slight decrease can cause nasty squeaks when walking on the floor.

Step 8... Cut off the protruding ends of the studs with a grinder. Be careful with the logs, do not damage the unity of the lumber with the saw blade.

Installation of adjustable floors with straightening board

Rough flooring is only suitable for laminate or soft flooring. For installation, you need to purchase a set of industrial parts.

Step 1... Make a mark on the plywood sheet where the bushings will be installed, drill the holes of this cross-section. The bushings must be no more than 30 cm. Drill the holes vertically, if the boundaries are located before the roll, then it will be necessary to redo them, which will significantly take time and increase the installation time of the adjustable floor.

Step 2... Insert the threaded bushings into the holes on the bottom side, fix them with small self-tapping screws; during the adjustment of the floor height, they do not have to turn in any way. Manufacturers predict 4 places for fixing the bushings, so much is not necessary at all, it is enough to fix it with 2 self-tapping screws.

Step 3... Arrange the markings on the floor, take the trouble so that the sheets do not have to be "cut" on small pieces... It is better to depict it on paper, think over a number of varieties and only later will it be possible to choose the best one of them.

Step 4... Screw in all the plastic bolts, turn the plywood sheet to the desired state. Tighten the bolts the same number of turns. After installing the main plywood sheet, pay attention to the level at which the bolts are placed. In the next sheet of plywood, try to screw the bolts in the same location.

Step 5... When using a special wrench, screw in / unscrew the bolts until the plywood sheet is in any way in a horizontal position at the desired height. Continuously check its condition with a level in accordance with several planes.

It should be borne in mind that the fasteners to the concrete base are not strengthened in any way, the flooring comes out "floating". This should be taken as an interest when making the conclusion of the furnishing of floor coverings in any given room.

Step 6... After installing the extreme plywood sheet test the condition of the subfloor again. Do not forget that the regulation characteristics do not exceed 2 ÷ 3 cm in any way. If the concrete base has very large bulges, then it will be necessary to level it again.

Professional installation of adjustable floors in Moscow and the Moscow region!

We make an adjustable floor with anchors and polymer bolts!

Sale of component materials for adjustable floors in Moscow and in the regions of Russia.

We produce kiln drying logs for adjustable floors of any size 45x45, 40x50, 50Х50, 50x70 up to 3m / n.

We will deliver to your facility with fasteners (plastic bolt, anchor rod) or for your fasteners. Pickup from our warehouse is possible.

Adjustable video floors.

Adjustable floor on merallically anchors

Adjustable floor with polymer bolts

At the end of the 90s, in Russian construction appeared adjustable floor technology... This one is completely the new kind foundations competed with concrete screeds, which were previously widely used in residential premises, apartments, and any buildings.
Adjustable floors have such an advantage over concrete ones as simple and quick installation. They are used for finishing floors made of parquet, laminate or parquet boards v modern buildings... As a result of official tests, it was possible to prove the durability of such floors. Their service life reaches 50 years, provided they are used correctly.
This floor leveling technology has significant advantages over other preparation methods:
lack of dirt and water;
the ability to adjust the floor within 6-15 cm and above;
efficiency and manufacturability of the laying process, relative cheapness;
high speed installation - 100 m2 in 2 days;
alignment accuracy;
relative lightness of structures in comparison with concrete, dry screeds, and, consequently, lower loads on the floors.
There are two types of adjustable floor designs, depending on the height of its rise. If you want to arrange a floor with a height of 4 to 7 cm, then a floor structure will be used, adjustable plywood on the slab. Most often, adjustable plywood is used in new buildings. If a higher floor is needed or the differences are significant, then the design is used adjustable floors on logs ... It is also used for floors on floor beams. Most often, lag regulation is resorted to to replace old floors with their dismantling.
Adjustable floors help to eliminate significant differences in height when dismantling an old floor when the required level is high. For example, during finishing works removed the old flooring, and the height between necessary level and the resulting base does not allow resorting to other alignment technologies.
The construction of an adjustable floor on logs is used for:
flooring in new buildings;
restoration of pilaf in old premises;
raising the floor to reduce the load on the floors;
installation of a multi-level floor;
hiding under the floor of electrical engineering and engineering networks.

Adjustable plywood ( ).

Flooring with adjustable plywood.

Unwillingness to raise the floor high or the lack of such an opportunity can lead the owner of houses or apartments to use new technology flooring devices - adjustable plywood.New buildings or apartments with low ceilings require a special approach. In such cases, it is inconvenient to use lags, and instead of them take anchor rods with threads, install, fix them at the base of the floor slab. Sheets of plywood are put on the pins with a pre- drilled holes... For floors, special moisture-resistant plywood sheets with a thickness of 10 mm and dimensions of 1.5 by 1.5 m are used. As a result, we get plywood on legs, because the sheets are on anchor pins. These legs (pins) are attached to concrete floor... To adjust the height of the sheets, nuts and a washer are screwed onto the studs, unscrewing or tightening which leads to a lowering or raising of the plywood by the desired height until a flat flooring surface is obtained. Finally, a second sheet is laid on top of the leveled plywood layer and fastened with a self-tapping screw. Then you can start installing the flooring. Such a plywood base does not rise more than 7 cm from the level of the base of the floor.

The cost of the device of the adjustable floor consists of the volume of the premises and additional work.

The problem of leveling the base is always relevant when laying modern topcoats. Effective ways several, one of them is a rough adjustable floor. This construction consists of wooden logs fixed on supports, the flooring is laid on top, for example, plywood. This system allows you to level the surface with high precision. This method is very simple, so everyone can make adjustable floors with their own hands.

Types of adjustable floors

Structurally, two types are distinguished by the leveling mechanism: on hairpins and adjustable plywood. The first option involves the use of beams on which the flooring is installed. In turn, the logs are attached to the studs, which allow you to adjust the floor level. The second method involves fixing the cover directly to the control mechanism without intermediate elements.

Fig. 1.

The device of the floor along the logs is used when it is necessary to level and raise its level to a height of 5 to 20 cm, for example, this is important for a balcony and a loggia, when the height difference can reach 15 cm or more. In case you only need to create flat surface it is advisable to opt for the option without beams.

As the main supports, plastic rack bolts, an anchor for an adjustable floor, metal studs, corners, etc. can be used.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Fig. 5.

Fig. 6.

Fig. 7.

Fig. 8.

Advantages and disadvantages

Adjustable floors were invented as a counterpart cement-sand screed... They have almost all of its properties and have a number of advantages that are not inherent in it.

Lack of solution on water based eliminates leaks, prolonged drying, makes it possible to perform work with low temperatures... An adjustable floor in the apartment is used as an alternative to cement screed.
After assembly, the flooring can be installed immediately.
A raised floor always has an underfloor space. Communications (plumbing, heating, electrical wiring, etc.) can be installed in it, thermal insulation and soundproofing can be arranged.
The design is lightweight and can be used in rooms with low bearing capacity floors, for example, a loggia, a balcony, etc.
Plywood floors on logs are great for laying different options heating. Together with them, water and electrical systems of all kinds.
The adjustable floor is durable and strong, and can be installed on any floor covering.
Its cost is low due to the use of inexpensive materials and components.
Installing plywood on the floor is very simple. You can make the flooring with your own hands from traditional building materials.

Adjustable rough floor does not tolerate well high humidity... Therefore, it is not recommended to arrange it in bathrooms and toilets. This circumstance is probably the only drawback.

Where and when can be applied

Given the design features, advantages and disadvantages, we can conclude that this type of floor is advisable to use when:

It is necessary to level the surface and raise its level significantly, and the base does not allow for a thick layer of screed. The height of the level rise can reach 20 cm.
Under the raised floor, it is necessary to lay communications, for example, heating pipes.
It is necessary to make thermal insulation or soundproofing.
The design of the room provides for zones with different floor levels.

Adjustable floors with plastic bolts

You can purchase ready-made kit... These are floors based on a new technology called dnt. The kit includes plastic bolts - supports for logs and fasteners. Using this kit, it is very easy to assemble the cover.

Fig. 9.

For installation in bars, holes are made with a pitch of 50 cm and threads are cut for adjustable screw supports... Then the bolt is screwed into the bar. Further, the beams are placed parallel to each other with a pitch of 40 - 50 cm and a hole is drilled in the base directly through the bolt and an anchor is fixed to it.

Fig. 10.

By rotating the plastic support they achieve desired position beams. The protruding part of the bolt is cut off with a chisel. Thus, the installation of a lag for the floor is carried out.

The installation principle of adjustable plywood is similar to the previous method. Holes are drilled in it with a pitch of 50 cm and the flange is coaxially fixed. It has a thread, so the plastic bolt can easily move up and down, thereby setting the required level of floor rise. A dowel is attached to the base of the support - with a nail.

Fig. 11.

DNT is a great way. However, with all the advantages, there is still one drawback - not in all regions it can be purchased. Therefore, an anchor is often used for an adjustable floor, which can be purchased at any hardware store.

Adjustable anchor floors

In this type, an adjustable support based on a wedge anchor is used. Floor beams are used with a section of 50x50 mm. The lag fastener consists of an anchor, two nuts and two washers.

Holes are drilled at the base of the floor with a pitch of 50 cm and anchors are fixed. Nuts are screwed onto them and washers are put on.

Fig. 12.

Holes are made in the bars with a pitch of 50 cm. In each of them, a counterbore with a diameter of 20-25 mm and a depth of 10 mm is made to install the upper nut and washer in the sweep so that they do not interfere with the flooring. Next, the sex lags are put on the anchor. Thus, the nut with the washer is on the lower side. By turning the nut, you can adjust the position of the beams. The top nut is required for a secure fit.

After installing and securing all the beams, the protruding parts of the studs are cut off with a grinder or a hacksaw for metal.

Fig. 13.

Adjustable plywood is installed in a similar way. The difference in mounting technology is that all support nuts are pre-set to one required level before the deck.

Fig. 14.

Decking options

Materials for the device of an adjustable floor can be different. Traditionally, sheet materials are used such as plywood, fiberboard, particle board, gypsum fiber board, OSB, etc. The choice in favor of this or that option depends on the type of finishing flooring and operating conditions.

Usually plywood is used as a flooring. It works well for laying linoleum or laminate flooring. A two-layer version can be used, while the thickness of the sheet material should be at least 12 mm or single-layer, then sheets of at least 20 mm are used. The last method is used for a lag-free system.

Fig. 15.

With a two-layer flooring, the layers are fixed with an offset of at least a third of the length of the sheet, thus increasing the rigidity.

If tiles are planned as a floor covering, then the flooring can be made of gypsum fiber board or DSP or analogs. This is due to the fact that these materials are not afraid of moisture and have high rigidity.

Fig. 16.

If a wooden floor covering is assumed, then a tongue-and-groove board is laid directly on the logs. It is laid across the bars and fixed with self-tapping screws through the tongue. So that the euroboard does not play and the structure is rigid, the thickness of the flooring should be chosen from 30 mm.

Fig. 17.

Adjustable floors made from scrap materials

It often happens that it is difficult to acquire the necessary components described above. In this case, the lag bracket can be made on the basis of studs or metal corners. All other technology is the same as in traditional methods.

Adjustable floor with stiletto heels

Installation of the lag on a concrete floor is carried out using a hammer-in brass anchor, studs, two nuts and two washers. This is how the simplest support is made with your own hands. The hairpin is used with a diameter of 8 mm. The rest of the elements are selected in the appropriate size.

Fig. 18.

A hole is drilled in the floor and an anchor is installed. A hairpin is screwed into it. A nut is screwed onto it and a washer is put on. The upper nut is used to fix the bar. After the final installation of the lag, the part of the support protruding above it is cut off.

Installing anchors is the most difficult part of installing an adjustable floor with studs. The floor slab is hollow, and the anchor can fall into its cavity, so it should not be deeply buried into the floor.

Adjustable floor at corners

Angles are used as an adjustable support; they are fastened with a dowel with nails or self-tapping screws. The size of the corners is chosen depending on the level of floor rise, but not less than 50x50 mm.

Along the installation line, the lag with a step of 50 cm is fixed metal corners... Bars are attached to them at the same time setting them to the required level. This work is convenient to do together.

Fig. 19.

In order for the structure to be as rigid as possible, the corners are installed on both sides of the bar.

Adjustable underfloor heating

All types of underfloor heating can be used, the installation scheme of which depends on the topcoat.

The most versatile are water-heated floors. They are installed under the raised floor on top of the heat insulator. In this case, any decorative coating can be applied.

Fig. 20.

You can do the same with a warm floor based on an electric heating cable. This approach works well for any flooring. However, if planned ceramic tile then more effective work Underfloor heating will be achieved if the heating cable is laid under the tiles on top of the deck.

Underfloor heating based on infrared heating elements is performed differently. In the case of laminate flooring, the film is laid directly underneath it.

Fig. 21.

In the case of ceramic tiles or linoleum a heating element laid between layers of plywood or OSB.

We have considered several options for the device of adjustable floors. From an economic point of view, the most successful is the option on stiletto heels. From the point of view of ease of execution - at the corners. Bolt-on method is a compromise high precision and ease of installation, but the cost of the installation kit is quite high. Regardless of which raised floor you choose, this technology will significantly reduce the repair time, and as a result you will get a smooth, solid and reliable base suitable for laying any decorative coating.

At present, the main criteria that are imposed on floor bases are strength and reliability, since the quality of laying the floor depends on them. finishing material... To keep the floor level, experts advise giving preference to adjustable structures that are built on logs.

What you need to know about adjustable floors

hollow wear-resistant polymer bolts are used as adjusting elements;
the adjustable base is divided into two types: by slabs and by logs;
if plywood is used as the base of the adjustable floor, then the bolts should be attached to the underside of the sheets;
when laying insulation between concrete base and with an adjustable floor on the inner surface of the lag, metal clamps should be fixed;
the logs should be spaced 25-45 centimeters apart, and the step under the tile should be small;
if there are no hollow polymer bolts, the fastening mechanism can be made from a threaded drop-in anchor. In this case, wooden logs or plywood sheets are clamped on the anchor pin using washers and nuts;
adjustable floors for correct installation can last at least 35 years.

Adjustable floors

An adjustable floor on logs is a floor device located on special boards, under which there is an underfloor space. Thanks to this, the floor surface does not need additional leveling with a concrete screed.

A threaded anchor for an adjustable floor is attached to a base, which can be wood, concrete or soil. The floor height is adjustable due to the ability of the retainer to rotate around its axis.

Anchors are attached to the base, depending on the type of subfloor:

attachment to concrete slab occurs with the help of polypropylene needle dowels;
attachment to wooden base occurs with self-tapping screws;
fastening to the concrete screed is carried out using dowel-nails.

The anchoring structure performs the following functions:

adjusts the height of the floor;
provides separation of the load;
reinforces the strength of the connection between the sub-floor and the adjustable floor.

Benefits of adjustable floors

Adjustable floors have large quantity advantages, among which are:

the ability to use as a basis for any finishing material;
possibility of installation on their own, since the work is quite simple and does not cause any particular difficulties;
lightness of design, so that it can be used when arranging loggias or balconies;
the possibility of laying communications or an insulating layer in the space between the flooring and the base;
the installation of an adjustable floor on joists is sufficiently dry and clean view work, which allows you not to stain the walls during work;
wood floors are able to cope well with drops in excess of 15 centimeters;
the cost of adjustable floors compared to concrete screed more accessible, which makes them more popular;
thanks to modern technologies it becomes possible to equip a perfectly flat floor that does not create a squeak.

DIY adjustable floors

Indoor adjustable floors

To begin with, you need to fix the lags on the base with a step of 30-50 centimeters, using screw-in bolts-pillars. Then the logs are leveled, for which the bolts are rotated axially using a special key. Finally, plywood is laid on the logs in a double layer, while the thickness of each sheet should be at least 12 millimeters. In the event that ceramic tiles are to be laid in the future, moisture-resistant plywood with a thickness of about 10-12 millimeters should be used for laying the top layer.

During the installation of the adjustable plywood, 16 through holes are drilled into the plywood using the pen drill. Then plastic sleeves are inserted into them, into which the bolt-posts are screwed. After that, you can begin to level the sheets by rotating the bolt-posts, fixed to the base with dowels.

Attention ! To install the floor, you must use solid wood logs with a moisture content of 12 to 14%. They must not be cracked or knotted, moldy or rodent-free. The length of the lag is usually 2 meters, and the section is 4.5 by 4.5 centimeters. Before starting work, the material should be treated with special protective compounds... There must be enough air in the underground for ventilation.

The main advantage of such a floor is that it becomes possible to arrange a perfectly smooth and even subfloor on an unprepared base. Thanks to this, in the future, you can use almost any floor covering.

Horizon leveling with adjustable lags

By erecting a structure of this type, it is possible to mask any systems (ventilation, heating, electrical, etc.). If the installation of the "warm floor" system takes place in the room, then its installation, carried out according to this design, will significantly reduce the loss of heat through the floor and, thereby, significantly save electricity.

Despite the fact that such adjustable design characterized by a fairly low weight, it is able to withstand heavy loads, which can reach up to 2500 kilograms per 1 square meter... Thanks to this, adjustable floors have found their application not only in the arrangement living rooms, but also warehouses, gyms and other premises.

Houses with such a floor structure can be erected even on soils in which heavy loads on the foundation are strictly prohibited. If the floor cannot be raised too high, then you can use a special structure on adjustable plywood, in which the rise will reach only three centimeters.

The technology of its installation is almost no different from the installation of a lag. The main difference is that plywood sheets are naturally used instead of logs.

Plywood is a material used not only in home life, but also in aircraft construction, shipbuilding, furniture production and many other industries. With the help of plywood, you can easily replace the damaged area of the floor, because it goes well with floor coverings from linoleum, laminate, carpet and parquet. But in order to avoid any misunderstandings, you need to know how to lay plywood correctly.

The advantages of plywood over other materials:

the strength of the material is the same in all its directions;
sheets are large enough;
the formation of through cracks is completely excluded;
plywood bends easily;
transportation of the material does not cause any difficulties;
has a low weight, but high strength;
plywood is characterized by a high quality of grinding and a hard surface;
the material is waterproof and odorless.

Adjustable plywood is great in cases where the floor has distortions exceeding the 15 centimeters mark, or communications pass through it.

Attention ! When adjusting the floor along the joists, the height of the room usually becomes lower by about 7-8 centimeters, so it is recommended to use it in rooms with high ceilings. In turn, when laying floors on adjustable plywood, the floor rises by no more than 3 centimeters, so the second method is considered more effective.

when choosing materials for leveling floors, you need to look for timber and plywood as much as possible High Quality, since this show significantly affects the result of the entire work as a whole;
for ease of installation, it is recommended to purchase laser level which will allow you to achieve more accurate results;
floor slabs and the base should be as strong as possible, not crumble or crumble;
do not forget about the need for ventilation of coatings;
so that the floors do not creak, during the installation process, all surfaces should be cleaned of dust (as soon as the holes are drilled and the bolts are screwed in, the surfaces are thoroughly vacuumed). In addition, the dowel-nails should be nailed as hard as possible so that the racks do not loosen;

When using this method, the logs are replaced with bushings, inside of which there is a thread (for this, special holes are drilled in the plywood). 6 plastic bolts are screwed into the bushings, which must later be attached to the base with a dowel. Use a wrench to align the adjustable plywood.

First, you need to carefully align the first layer of plywood, then install the next layer and screw it on with self-tapping screws. Before laying the second layer, it is required to carefully overlap the joints of the previous one, which will avoid the formation of seams. Thanks to the actions taken, the floor surface will become even and smooth.

The plywood leveling floor can be raised to heights of 3-5 cm or 15-19 cm depending on the used leveling support structures. If you need to raise the floor to a small height of 3-5 cm, while it is impossible or impossible for the permitted load, to arrange a floor screed, an adjustable floor is made of plywood with plastic racks. For lifting to a height of 19 cm, steel pins with support washers are used to support the plywood.

The construction of the plywood leveling floor does not provide for the use of wooden logs, and the adjustable bushings are screwed directly into the plywood (plastic bushings) or go through the plywood (metal support pins).

Adjustable plywood floor structure with plastic studs

The adjustable plywood floor with plastic pins can be raised from 3 to 5 cm high enough for underfloor installation engineering communications water supply, low-current and power wiring.

For an adjustable plywood floor, it is used moisture resistant plywood 12 mm thick. Plywood is stacked in two offset layers. The first ply of plywood is directly adjustable in height with bushings, the second ply reinforces the floor structure.

The floor level is adjusted using a plastic bolt and a bushing inserted into the hole in the plywood. 13 holes are made on a 1525x1525 plywood sheet.

In calculating the level of the finished floor, the following are taken into account:

5 mm support washer;
2 layers of plywood, 12mm each;
Total 24.5mm.

class = "eliadunit">

Construction of an adjustable floor made of plywood with metal studs

A metal pin can be used to support the plywood sheets.

At the base of the floor, the stud is fixed with an anchor dowel.
Plywood is supported by a large metal washer, the height of which is regulated by a special nut.
The plywood is fixed on top, also with a washer and a nut.
A gap of 5 mm is left between the plywood sheets of the first layer.
The second layer of plywood is laid with an offset and fixed to the first layer with self-tapping screws.
A 5 mm gap is left between the wall and the second plywood layer for ventilation.