Machines and mechanisms for finishing works. Machines for finishing works

Finishing construction machines

Plaster-mixing units are designed for the acceptance of the finished solution brought from the solution node, maintaining the solution in a form suitable for use, its transportation to workplaces and application to the treated surface with special nozzles.

The plastering unit (Fig. 71) is a cycled bucket mixer mounted on a common frame, vibrating with a bunker and mortar pump.

The plaster mixing unit is controlled from the central console, providing both the autonomous inclusion in the operation of individual machines and the complex all the aggregate. To facilitate the movement of the plastering-aition unit of its frame, it can be installed on a pneumatic-wheel drive.

Fig. 71. Plastering unit:
1 - mortar pump, 2 - valve block, 3 - air cap, 4 - bypass valve, 5 - bucket mixer, 6 - receiving hopper, 7-drive unit, 8 - Dyshlow, 9 - control panel

The performance of the aggregates is 2 and 2.4 m3 / h.

Plaster-mixing units includes rosys, nozzle and necessary tools.

Nozzles for applying plaster solutions (Fig. 72) are divided into compressor, working with compressed air, and uncompromising, operating due to a solution developed by a solution.

Compressor nozzles are both central and with a ring supply of compressed air. Compressor nozzles with an annular feed consist of a housing to the shank of which the solution is attached with the help of the homutics. The air pressure pipe is attached by a homutic to the valve connected by the knee with the nipple and gasket with the case. The air from the knee to the nozzle is supplied through the ring groove R.

Uncommon nozzles are direct-flow and swirl. The directing nozzle gives a flat torch and allows you to work with more rigid solutions.

Nozzles with swirls inform the solution rotational movement. The solution is removed from the nozzle in the form of a cone-shaped torch.

To facilitate the design, the housing 13 nozzles are made of elasty, the head is made of fiber, well opposing dynamic loads. In the rubber diaphragm, 15-33 mm long holes are made according to the type shown in the figure. Such nozzles make it possible to obtain a torch up to 180 cm long at an angle of departure of 30-40 °.

Plastering machines with electric and pneumatic drive are used for the grout of the layer of the solution applied to the surface of the building structure.

Plastering machine: 1 - electric motor, 2 - gear gear, 3 - Ring, 4 - disk

The plastering machines with an electric drive (Fig. 73) consist of a housing, on the upper part of which an asynchronous three-phase electric motor of an increased current is fixed, and on the lowest, slightly rotating in different directions of duralumin rings and disks lined with plastic linings, wood or felt.

Machine performance up to 50 m2 / h at a speed of rotation of 475/720 rpm. The power of electric motors installed on machines does not exceed 0.2 kW, the mass of cars is 2.7 kg.

Plasterozatir Full-time Pneumatic Driving Machines include a rotary cross motor, gearboxes and work discs made from wood-like plastic or textolite. The treated surface is moisturized by the spray.

The performance of the plastering machine with a pneumatic receipt of 40-85 m2 / h with an engine power of 0.2 hp, air flow 0.4 m3 / min, the speed of rotation of the disks at idle 480 rpm and a mass of 1.5 kg.

The machine for grinding applied to the plastered surface of the putty is equipped with an electric motor with a capacity of 0.18 kW. Spindle speed 1000 rpm, weight 1.7 kg. Constructively machines of this type are made by type of plaster-clutch.

Mobile painting station (Fig. 74) is designed for painting works. Semi-finished products in the form of a chalk paste and a limestone test are fed into the receiving bunker, from which they are supplied with a vertical screwdriver with a vertical paddle stirrer with an electric motor with a vertical propeller. The water from the tank is supplied by pipes both in the mixing tank and in the melting. Located near the tank, the two-walled mixer allows you to prepare a liquid putty, which is supplied to the vibration. It is accommodated above the foster bunker of the mortar pump, with which the putty and painting composition are applied directly to the places of painting work. Flexible hoses are connected to compressors that ensure the simultaneous operation of several sprawers.

The dried waste of putty is recycled again, adding a solution of glue, with the help of a millstone mounted on the workbench. For sifting dry components are used.

Fig. 75. Centrifugal mill:
1 - nozzle with tap for water supply,
2 - Casing, 3 - Bulk bunker, 4 - Switch, 5 - electric motor flange

The prepared solutions in the painting station are heated using a heater 10. To other tools and equipment of the painting station include spatulas with steel and plastic tips, paint-injection tanks, electrocraphons, grinding machines, spripping machines, rods for painting of highly spotted surfaces, sprayers, diaphragm Compressor, hose sets, painting rollers and brushes.

Centrifugal mills (Fig. 75) are designed for grinding grinding, which comes on the preparation of colorful compositions, putty and smelting. The most common includes rotary chalk-graters, processing both dry and wet chalk. The finger rotor rotates in the cylindrical casing, which is attached to the cover of which from the inside, is attached to the cover of which from the inside, a fixed rotor with conical slots is attached.

Fig. 76. Two-rolled mixer:
1 - electric motor, 2 - pulley, 3 - flywheel, 4 - bunker with reduconomic * rum, 5 - steering wheel, 6 - frame

This rotor with a gap, not exceeding 1 mm, is included in the free space between the jackhaft installed on the finger rotor. The chalk, supplied through the loading bunker 3, is captured by the inner fingers of the rotating rotor and under the action of centrifugal forces is crushed and shared, gradually passes through the slots of the stationary rotor and the secondary moves between it and the outer fingers of the rotating rotor. For the production of wet grinding, water in the meloterca is fed by a special hose into the supplying nozzle.

With the subtleties of the grinding of 20-35 μm, the performance of a refugee mill of 120 kg / h, the power of the electric motor is 2.8 kW, and the weight of the smallest is 90 kg.

Mixers are devices for making smears, putty and colorful compositions, used both in colleague workshops and directly on construction sites. Making both one and two-channel stirrers.

A two-walled mixer (Fig. 76) includes the mouth "The mixing bunker on the frame, inside which is rotated towards one other two shafts with spiral blades reinforced on them. The composition prepared in the stirrer is discharged from the drum using a rotary mechanism equipped with steering wheel. The capacity of the mixer is 120 l / h at a volume of one kneading 40 liters.

A mixer for the preparation of aquatic and colorful compositions is a supporting ring frame, on the racks of which the cylindrical body is fixed in a vertical position. Under the housing is an electric motor, which leads to rotation through the gearbox shaft with mixing blades fixed on it. The capacity of the mixer 350-400 l / h with the capacity of the 63 l housing.

Kraskoterki are used to prepare putty, chalk pastes and fine grinding. According to the design of the paint strokes, they are divided into disk, rolls and millstones, and by the genus the drive - on hand and mechanical.

In disk paintoters, the initial materials under the action of centrifugal force fall into the gaps between rotating and stationary disks and are shared. Performance of disk paint strokes 40 kg / h.

In rolls, the material is mixed and shared between two smooth rollers rotating towards one else.

Fig. 78. Vibrosito:
1 - Bunker, 2 - Rama, 3 - Vibrator,

Harrow paint strokes on construction are distributed most. They provide grinding subtlety in the range of 20-35 microns. Gorgeous paintumber (Fig. 77) with a capacity of 100 kg / h consists of a loading funnel, inside which are arranged rotating blades that feed the mixed composition to the rail. The blades and millstones are powered by shaft connected by a gearbox with an electric motor. Materials are triturated between rotating rails 6 and fixed rail, the distance between which (and, consequently, the thinness of the grinding) is regulated by the flywheel. The prepared composition is issued through an unloading tray.

Vibrosite (Fig. 78) with a capacity of up to 720 kg / h is used to improve the quality of colorful compositions. They consist of a support frame and a vibrator 3 located on it, a connected to the bracket transmitting the oscillations of the sieves.

Installation for applying a liquid putty (Fig. 79) with a pneumatic drive consists of two identical sealed tanks connected to a compressed air source. Puttlefish displaced from tanks is served on the hose into the nozzle fishing rods, into which the compressed air is added. When using low-viscosions, the addition supply of compressed air is optional. The installation provides spatlement to 200 m2 / h at an air pressure of 0.7 MPa.

In installations with a mechanized drive, the composition is sprayed due to the twinge in the nozzle channel. The complexity of the installations of this type is compensated for by their greater efficiency, as the loss of material on rasylification decreases.

Fig. 79. Installation for applying liquid
Puttles: 1 - Tank, 2 - neck, 3 - aircraft, 4 - air fitting for fishing rod, 5 - connecting hose, 6 - safety valve, 7 - Cover, 8 - lever, 9 - distributor, 10 - Fishing rod

The paintopults are used to apply to the surface of small visual water-chalk and water-lime compositions prepared for coloring. Release the paintopults with both manual and electrically driven. Colorful compositions are fed to nozzles, where they are sprayed under a pressure of 0.5-0.6 MPa and are applied to the stainable surface.

Fig. 80. Handmade paint:
1 - Filter, 2 - Sleeve, 3, 4 - Valves, 5 - Case, 6 - Pump, 7 - Reservoir, 8 - Hose, 9 - Crane, 10-12 - Pipes, 13 - nozzle

Hand drive paintopult (Fig. 80) consists of a reservoir in which the pump is placed; suction and discharge valves; suction sleeve with a filter desired in a container with colorful composition. When the pump is running, the colorful composition is sucked in the reservoir, forming the necessary pressure in it. The colorful composition on the hose 8 and pipes 10-12 is fed to the nozzle. Performance of paintopults up to 200 m2 / s

Electric paintopulizers allow you to create a pressure required for supplying a colorful composition using a oscillating diaphragm, driven by a connecting rod mechanism. The performance of the electrocracepulds (when working with the fishing rod) 250-260 m2 / h with engine power 0.18-0.27 kW and mass from 16 to 25 kg.

Pneumatic sprayers are widely used to produce local painting works and allow you to receive both conical and wide flat torches. The performance of paint-sprayers when working with paints of 20-50 m2 / h, when working with putty up to 85 m2 / h, when working with colorful compositions up to 400 m2 / h.

In a pneumatic sprayer (Fig. 81), compressed air coming out of the nozzle splashes the colorful composition.

Kraskoraspyliters are available in two versions - to work with paint-discharge tanks or removable tanks.

Fig. 81. Pneumatic paint sprayer:
1 - Tank, 2 - Housing, 3 - Spring Needle, 4 - Needle Regulator, 5 - Fitting, 6 - Valve Spring, 7 - Rod, 8 - Coupe, 9 - Needle, 10 - Nozzle, 11 - Head, 12 - Adapter 13 - Caid Nut

Spring-pump tanks are designed to feed paint to paint sprayers. With the help of compressed air supplied from the compressor in the tanks, a pressure of 0.4 MPa is created. The capacity of the paint spray tanks is 16-63 liters.

The air cleaners are used to remove from the air entering the paint sprayers, oils, moisture and solid particles. Their mass is up to 4 kg. They operate at a pressure of compressed air to 0.5 MPa.

Painting units are used for the integrated production of painting works and consist of a compressor, an inlets of the tank and a paint-sprayer.

Compressor installations are designed to obtain compressed air, the pressure of about 0.3-0.6 MPa is developing and provide performance up to 30 m3 / h.

The car for the rusting of wooden poloz (Fig. 82) includes a working organ in the form of a rotating knife drum. The position of the drum relative to the floor is regulated by turning the lever 6. Planing width 200 mm, performance up to 35-40 m2.

Machine for cutting parquet rivets (Fig. 83) Fight a small disk saw with a diameter of 200 mm, installed on the frame with the table.

Fig. 83. Machine for cutting parquet rivets:
1 - disk saw, 2 - table

Machines for grinding parquet and other wooden floors (Fig. 84) produce a capacity of 35-60 m2 / h. Fability was carried out using a drum 6 or a disk end mounted relative to the floor with an inclination of about 3 °. It provides good conditions for both cooling of the disk and for dust suction formed during operation. Dust is sucked by a centrifugal fan embedded in the car.

Film machines (Fig. 85) serve for final finishing of wooden floors and are equipped with three or six rotating brushes placed in the working case. Grinding width for one pass 200-250 mm. When the engine power is 1.1 kW, the capacity of the tray machine is 100 m2 / h.

Fig. 84. Machine for grinding parquet floors: 1 - control lever, 2 - handle, 3 - linen bag for dust collection, 4 - electric motor, 5 - body, 6 - grinding drum

MosaicChalicable machines (Fig. 86) are designed for grinding and polishing floors of solid materials (marble, mosaic, granite). The working body serve two runner blocks inserted into each of them three abrasive stones. Circular rotation of the runner blocks and axes of the stone holders provide a complex movement of abrasive stones.

Machines for the grout of cement screeds, burning and ironing concrete floors produce a capacity of 40-50 m2 / h.

The working body of the machine is two spatial disks rotating in opposite sides.

Fig. 85. Polyany machine

Fig. 86. Mosaichelipoval

The machine for applying primers (Fig. 87) is a mobile bunker with rods - sprayer sprayers operating from the compressor.

The vibratory rolling (Fig. 88) for the climbing lainoleum laid on the mastic consist of two drums and vibrator fixed on the frame. The productivity of a similar vibratory rolling 100-10 m2 / h with a width of the processed strip is 450 mm.

Semi-automatic (Fig. 89) For welding of linoleum sheets, we produce up to 16 m / h. The sheets are welded with a heated compressed air, which melts the edges of the sheets and the supplied polyvinyl chloride welding rod.

Solid-cutting machines cut off the edges of the wallpaper in the process of rewinding the roll.

Mechanisms for spreading wallpaper shutters are given in motion while stretching the wallpaper between the control and dull rollers.

Machines for cutting facing tiles are equipped with fast-sparing emery and diamond cutting circles.

Pistols - machine guns for fastening glass with triangular plates and masculine syringes allow me to mechanize glass work.

Thermoses are used for receiving, storage, heating and distributing hot bitumen during roofing works. The thermos is a vessel with double walls, between which is located a layer of heat-insulating material. At the bottom of the thermos, a gas burner is placed on liquefied gas.

Compressor installations (Fig. 90) are designed to supply preheated to 180-200 ° C

Fig. 87. Machine for mechanized application of primer: 1 - bunker, 2 - Fishing sprayer

Fig. 88. Vibro rollers for Linoleum smoothing: 1 - Rama, 2 - Drums, 3 - Vibrator, 4 - Electroslag

Fig. 89. Semiautomatic for Linoleum welding: 1 - frame, 2 - handle, 3 - guide tube, 4 - feed roller, 5 - welding bar, 6 - gearbox, 7 - electric motor, 8 - handle, 9 - Current cable, 10 - unpacking Cranic, 11, 13 - guide and rollers, 12 - heating element

Fig. 90. Scheme of compressor installation for transporting hot bitumen:
1 - Bitumen supply installation, 2 - pipeline, 3 - thermos for storing hot bitumen, 4 - compressor, 5 - Crane of the issuance of bitumen on floors

Fig. 91. A device for rolling and coach of roll materials:
1 - Roller holder, 2 - lever, 3, 4, 7 - axes, 5 - Maslenka, 6 - frame, 8 - Handle, 9 - Knife, 10- Rolling Element

bitumen on the roof. Such an installation allows with a fixed power of 44.1 kW to feed up to 10 m3 heated bitumen or mastic per hour.

The machine for cleaning and rewinding rolled roofing materials is equipped with a 2.2 kW engine. Its capacity is 600 m / h.

The device for rolling and order of rolled materials (Fig. 91) consists of a frame 6, pressing elements 10, levers 2, rolling holder / and knives 9. The performance of the device is 400 m2 / h.

The water removal machine from the bottom of the roof is equipped with a receiving tank capacity up to 20 liters. Creating a strong vacuum in the tank, it is possible to intensively suck into it through the fishing rods available on the roof.

The machine for drying the base of the roof ensures heat generation to 60-80 thousand kcal / h, which is enough for the processing of 50 m2 roofs per hour. After removing the tax, the machine performance increases twice.

TO Manager: - Construction machine device

FGOU SPO

Lipetsk College of Construction,

Architecture and sectoral technologies

Methodical instructions on the implementation of practical work number 10

Specialty 270103.

"Construction and operation of buildings and structures"

Discipline: "Construction machines and means of small mechanization"

crosspools »

Considered

cycle Commission Specials. 270103.

Etc. № ___ from _______ 2009

Chairman:

Marchenko A.I.

Teacher Aleshina T.V.

Practical work number 10

Subject: "Finishing works machines. Kraskoraspyliters I.

crosspools »

Purpose of work:1. Get acquainted with the species, appointment, machine device

for finishing works.

2. Examine types, appointment, device, principle

Visual and teaching aids:methodical guidelines for practical work, full-scale models, video films, educational literature.

The procedure for performing work:

· Get \u200b\u200bacquainted with the procedure for performing work;

· View species, appointment, machine device

for finishing works;

· Examine the appointment, the device, the principle of operation of paint sprayers and paintopults in models and materials of educational literature or methodical instructions;

· Reply to test questions:

1) What machines are used in construction for plastering?

2) What machines are applied in construction for painting works?

3) What machines are used in construction for finishing floors?

· According to the above schemes and models, explore the design of paint sprayers and spray guns;

· Provide a description of the appointment, device, the principle of operation of paint sprayers and paintopults;

· Protect practical work:

sobia, answers to check questions, description

appointments, devices, principle of work

kraskoraspyliters and paintopults.

Finishing Machines

Finishing works include plastering, facing, painting, parquet, mosaic, glass and wallpaper.

For mechanization of plastering, plastering stations and plaster units are used.

Plastering stations Designed mainly for the preparation and pumping of solutions at the construction site. They are fulfilled, as a rule, mobile in the bodies of the traveler or in the van on the clamns. Such a station consists of a skip lift, a solution mixer and a mortar pump with a bunker and vibrating. The supply of the solution on floors is carried out according to solutions, which, in turn, consist of metal or rubber-smelting risers, rubberry hoses and connecting parts.

Plastelling aggregate It consists of a solution of the mixer 5, the vibrositis with the bunker and the mortar pump 1 mounted on the trailer. The unit is designed for acceptance and processing of the solution delivered from the mortar unit, as well as to supply it to workplaces and application to the treated surface, for which it is equipped with solutions and nozzle.

Fig. 1 Plaster Unit:

/ - mortar pump; 2 - valve block; 3 - air collaps; 4 - bypass valve; 5 - bucket mixer; 6 - receiving bunker; 7 - drive; 8 - drawn; 9 - Control Panel

Nozzle.Two types of nozzles are used: mechanical (uncomprise), operating due to pressure developed by mortar pump, and pneumatic action.

Fig. 2. Nozzles:

a - compressor with central air supply; b - the same with an annular air supply; in - non-commercial; d - diaphragm; 1 - the solution; 2-clamp;

3 - pipeline; 4-valve; 5 - knee; 6 - nipple; 7 - gasket; 8, 15-nozzles;

9 - ring duct; 10- sleeve; 11, 13 - hulls; 12 - nozzle; 14 - Pipeline

The diameter of rubber hoses or steel pipes is 32-85 mm.

The processing of the plaster layer is performed by a culbble tool, which is made with a pneumatic and electric drive.

Pneumatic plastering and rapid machine It consists of a pneumatic motor 1, gearbox 4 and replaceable work disks 5. The engine and the gearbox are mounted in an aluminum case, which serves simultaneously with the handle. For wetting the surface of the surface in the design of the machine, a crane and a rubber tube 3 are provided for water supply. Engine power 0.15 kW, rotational speed at idle 8.0 s -1, weight of 1.5 kg.

Fig.3. Pneumatic grouting machine: 1 - pneumatic motor; 2 - handle; 3-cut pipe for water supply; 4 -Ructor; 5 - disk; 6 - blades; 7-step ducts

Plastering and culfing machines with electric drive Consist of an asynchronous three-phase electric motor of increased frequency, gearbox, large and small disks rotating in opposite directions.

Coloring works Includes the preparation of paint compositions, the preparation of surfaces under the color and applying painting compositions.

Painting formulations and semi-finished products for painting works in the form of concentrates, pastes and dry mixes are prepared at factories or in central workshops. Objects to bring the compositions to the required consistency, mobile painting stations are applied. In some cases, the colleagues include workshops equipped with meloterics, paint strokes, mixers, etc.

Mobile painting station.The mobile painting station includes a receiving bunker for chalk paste and a limestone test, a mixing tank, a two-walled mixer, vibrating, compressors and mortar pumps for supplying putty and painting on the place of production of painting works. For the processing of dried waste, there is a sprayer, an adhesive and a heater. The station is completed with spatulas, paint tanks, electric-paintings, rods for coloring, spray guns, hose sets, painting rollers and brushes.

Kraskoterka.From the paint strokes most common travelers. The paintumber shown in Fig.4 is designed and works as follows: The material from the loading funnel 1 is supplied to the screw feeder 2 on the grinding organs, the first stage (pre-grinding) of which contains a disk 3 with holes and knife 4, the second stage (final grinding) - flat interchangeable Pulp 5. The crushed material falls into the bowl of 6, from where under the action of centrifugal forces created by the blades of the disk 7, it is unloaded.

The specified degree of grinding is provided by a regimen of rails, which is carried out by rotating the flywheel 8 installed on the housing 9. The drive of rotation of the working bodies of the paintumber is made from the electric motor 10 through the clinorem

transfer 11.

Fig.4. Growing paint-stroke

Melotercadesigned for grinding grinding. Meloterka consists of an electric motor / whose shaft is planted with a rotor 7, equipped with two rows of jackhafts 3 and 4, a fixed rotor with fingers 6, cylindrical casing 2 with a nozzle for the output of the ground chalk and the boot hopper 5.

Fig.5. Meloterka

When rotating the finger rotor, the chalk, which is in it, is crushed while wiping it through the slots of the fixed rotor.

Meloterki have a capacity of up to 350 kg / h dry chalk with a grinding fineness of 0.02-0.035 mm, the largest diameter of the loaded chalk of 60 mm.

Vibrositoit serves to push various colors. It consists of an electric motor, an eccentric clutch 6 and the connecting rod, connected to the bracket 2, on which the housing 4 is installed with a set of sieve 3. The polished solution is supplied to the housing 4.

Fig.6. Vibrosito

When rotating the shaft of the electric motor, the connecting rod provides the oscillatory movement of the bracket 2 with sieves 3, as a result of which the paint is filled with the case. Vibrating capacity capacity 660-720 kg / h, frequency oscillations SIT 2800 min-1, oscillation amplitude 0.8 mm.

Mixer.For making putty, putty and colorful pastes use a two-walled stirrer. Two horizontal are installed in the trough bunker

parallel shaft with screw blades. Shafts have a drive from the electric motor through the clinorem transmission and two pairs of gears.

Fig.7. Two-rolled mixer

Emulsifier pump Emulsions are prepared, the painting compositions mix and pump them. It is made in the form of a screw pump placed in a vertical pipe. The pipe has holes that when turning them can be combined with the holes of the pump housing or overlapping them. In the first case, the paint composition is mixed, in the second - its pumping.

The surfaces are painted with painting units, which include a compressor, an inactive tank, a spray gun and air and paint hoses.

Compressor.In painting units, piston and diaphragm compressors are used. Working pressure of piston compressors up to 0.7 MPa, air supply to 30 m 3 / h.

Fig.8. Compressor

a - scheme; B - general view: 1 - air collector, 2 - oil-moisture separator; 3 - pressure regulator; 4-block cylinders; 5 - piston; 6 - pressure gauge; 7 - air cleaner; 8 - pipeline; 9 - Safety valve; 10 - electric motor; L - Carter Compressor

Kraskonagnetaya Buck ensures the supply of painting compositions under pressure of compressed air to a pneumatic sprayer. It is a hermetically closed vessel consisting of a cylindrical housing 1 with a spherical bottom and removable cover 3. The tank is equipped with a mixer 2 with a drive. A gearbox 4 for pressure control, cranes 5, safety valve and pressure reset valve are mounted on the tank cap. Paint tank capacity 0.02; 0.04; 0.06; 0.10 m 3, the greatest operating pressure of 0.4 MPa.

Fig. 9. Kraskonagnetaya Buck

Pistol Kraskoraspylitel Designed to perform painting works by air spraying. The air enters the pipe 8 through the nipple 7, pressing the jug open the air valve and the air through the casing channels enters the head. Air flow changes with a regulator 6.

In addition to the considered sprawler, paint sprayers with suspended tanks are also used.

Fig.10. Pistol-Kraskoraspylitel: 1 - Head; 2 -stutzer; 3 - body; 4 - needle assembly; 5 - needle regulator; 6 - air regulator; 7 - nipple; "- air tube; 9 - pen; 10 - trigger; L - air valve; 12- Nappel for paint; 13- nozzle; 14 - shift tip

For application to the surface of low-grade painting makers, electrocracepulds and hand-made paintopults are used.

Electrocrassopult It has a diaphragm compressor and works as follows. During the junction of the rod 9 down, the solution is absorbed. With the reverse course of the connecting rod, the solution through the injection valve 14 is extruded in the hose 16 to the rod 11, which exercises paint spraying. A safety valve 12 is used to regulate the limit operating pressure 12.

Electrocracks have performance up to 250 m2 / h, drive power 0.18-0.27 kW, weight 21-25 kg.

Fig. 11. Electrochastic:

a - general view; B - kinematic scheme: / - electric motor; 2 - diaphragm pump; 3- suction hose fitting; 4 - spa hose fitting; 5 - adhesive hose fitting; 6 - filter; 7 - suction hose; 8 - crankshaft; 9 - rod; 10-bypass hose; 11- fishing rod; 12 - bypass valve; 13 - suction valve; 14 - discharge valve; 15 - diaphragm; 16 - pressure hose; 17 - gear coupling; 18 - coupling coupling

Manual paintopult. The device of manual paint is shown in Fig.12. At the beginning of operation, the filter 5 is lowered into a vessel with a painting composition and a reservoir of 1 pump 2 is filled with a small amount of composition. The filter is then removed from the composition and, making 15-20 double strokes of the pump of the pump, fill the paintopult by air. After that, the end of the suction hose 4 with filter 5 is lowered into the painting composition and the pump is created in the reservoir the required pressure, which provides the supply of the paint composition to the nozzle 9.

Performance of manual painting 200 m 2 / h, working pressure up to 0.6 MPa, the capacity of the reservoir 3.0-10 ~ 3 m 3, the mass of 5.0 kg.

Fig.12. Manual paintopult:

1 - reservoir; 2 - pump; 3 - suction valve; 4 - suction hose;

b - filter; 6 - discharge valve; 7 - crane; 8 - fishing rod; 9 - nozzle

Parquet and mosaic floors after laying are treated to give them a smooth surface. Parquet floors are placed, rubbed and grind, and mosaic only grind.

Wooden floors machine It consists of a knife drum 4 with two knives 5, the chassis comprising front 2 and two rear 8 rollers installed on the traverse 1, and the control mechanism. The drum is built into the electric motor 3. The thickness of the chip taken is regulated by the rise or lowering traverse 1 using the nut 6 and traction 7. The capacity of the machine is 15-25 m 2 / h, the power of the electric motor is 1.5 kW.

Parquetchalifed machines Finally finish parquet floors. The machine consists of a grinding drum 4, an electric motor 5, vacuum cleaner 2, driving wheels and a control mechanism. The grinding drum and the fan have a drive from the electric motor with wedge belts 3. A grinding skin is installed on the drum, which is fixed with clamping rollers. To lift the drum at a start, a control lever 1 is set to the extreme top position. The required cleanliness of the surface is achieved by adjusting the pressure of the grinding drum on the surface being processed.

If the machine leaves on the floor of irregularities, then the position of the side wheels is changed, for which they turn the machine up the wheels, determine which of the wheels is below, and, moving them, install both wheels into the same position. If, after that, the machine leaves irregularities, determine from which end of the drum the skin heats and raise the appropriate chassis. Using the converter console, the machine can be included in a single-phase network.

The parcohlolyphic machine has a capacity of 40- I 60 m 2 / h, the rotational speed of 27.5 C-1 drum, the power of the electric motor is 2.2 kW, a mass of 70 kg.

Polymer machine Designed for cleaning and clocking parquet floors. The main parts of the machine are electric motor 5, gearbox 4 with flange 3 and removable disc 2 with brushes. The capacity of the machine is 100 m 2 / h, the power of the electric motor is 1.1 kW.

Mosaic-grinding machine It serves for grinding and polishing floors from marble, mosaic, granite and other materials. The working body of the machine is six triangular abrasive circles 5 fixed in the holders 4 on two traverses 6. Rotation to the circles is transmitted from the electric motor 2 through the gearbox 1. For a uniform pressure to each abrasive circle 6 connected to the table cheeper 7 through the shock absorber 3. Machine capacity 12 m 2 / h, power of electric motor 3.0 kW.

Fig.16. Mosaic-grinding machine

Similar information.

Plaster.

Solution (Mixed Mixers): The volume of the drum up to 60 l, the capacity is up to 2 m cubic meters per hour, the power of the electric motor is up to 1.5 kW, weight up to 200 kg.

Solonanasosos: Productivity 1-6 cc. Per hour, weight 120-500 kg, feed range - horizontally 50-300 m, vertically 15-100 m, electric motor power 1-7.5 kW.

Plastering stations (for large workshops);

The plastering unit (for small volumes of work) is prepared and causes a solution;

Vibrositis for sieving solution - on the cross;

In front of the mortar pump;

Plastering and culfing machines: Performance up to 50 m square / hour, weight 2-2.5 kg, electric motor power 0.2 kW;

Total targets (to obtain a layer of high density -

waterproof);

Electro-pneumatic hammer (for notching surfaces, etc.);

I briefed with a compressor;

Aggregate for applying the "Shagren" plaster;

Installation for using plaster dry mixture (grout, putty);

Delivery of the solution to the object by automotypes, solutes;

Feed (transportation) of the workplace solution

vertically: lifts, small cranes (with small volumes);

horizontal: Hand trucks (single, two and three-wheeled), motor motothels, motorwriters, rion tractors, motor-blocks, etc.

Facing.

Machine for cutting facing stone (with water supply for cooling);

Manual drilling machines (for twisted æ 6,8,10,13,23 and 32);

Manual grinding machines (straight, angular and flexible shaft) with various grinding circles (divided by abrasive material,

the graininess of the material and the bundle - ceramic, bakelite and volcanic);

Electro-pneumomol;

Manual sawing machine for sawing stone stone (Bulgarian);

Solution with the volume of the drum up to 60 l;

For vertical and horizontal transportation of materials - the same as for

plastering.

Paint.

Manual paintopulists - performance up to 200 m. / Hour, weight 5 kg, fishing rod - 1 pc.;

Electrocratopoult - 2 fishing rods and kel shakes electric pump;

Schelelenko aggregate - on 4 or more rods - electrocrausspool;

A painting station - productivity up to 1500 meters sq. / H, Feed distance

vertical up to 50 m, horizontally up to 120 m;

Painting units (portable, mobile, pneumatic, pistols and without

air spraying - high pressure);

Pottle units (the sprayer is applied with a hollow spatula),

performance up to 700 l / h, works complete with a compressor;

Grinding machines;

Coler workshop (or station at the facility) as part of:

Crusting - Performance 100-400 kg / h, Weight 100-200 kg, Power

electric motor 2-5 kW;

Drying devices (for chalk);

Melcher - performance up to 300-400 kg / hour, weight up to 120 kg, power

electric motor up to 6 kW;

Vibrosite - performance up to 700 kg / hour, weight up to 10 kg, power

electric motor from 2 kW;

Melting;

Mixers (for smelting and putty) - productivity up to 500 l / h, weight of 60 kg;

Pump-emulsifier O-58;

Swirl dispersant SO-128;

Acoustic installation of water-oil emulsions (no serial) - (ultrasonic emulsifier);

Dispensers (Capacitive manual and automated);

Monorails with telfer or lightweight crane or light auto-electro-loader for transporting materials in containers and containers on the room and loading equipment from vehicles;

Compressor.

Wobbies.

Cleeladium with pumps for feeding the floors;

Roller with a bath for applying glue to wallpaper;

Cutting machines;

Suite table;

Melting;

Containers for transporting sliced \u200b\u200bwallpaper (small - for a set of wallpapers on a room - an apartment, large - for small containers);

Mobile station for wallpaper work: Cutting capacity 600 m / h and trimming 600 m / h.

Glass.

Vacuum suction cups mon-, two- and trimtellites incl. on the traverse;

Pistols for stripping studs or nails;

Syringe for putting maps;

Table for cutting glass;

Container for chopped glass;

Machines for washing and wipes glass;

Plate aggregates for making putty with applying it to the folding folds.

Carpentry carpentry.

Stolar table complete;

Electric college;

Manual disk saw;

Planing machine;

Cycling machine;

Electrolake;

Electrofuganes;

Equipped.

Floor device.

Monolithic floors:

Installation for the vibration of concrete in composition: vacuumcompressor with oil

water separator, hoses and mats with a grid, as well as vibration and burning

Installation for bulk floors included: plaster-rapid or

grinding machines Vacuum cleaners, industrial pneumatic sprayers of the OGRanta,

puttles and corrupt layers;

Mosaic-grinding machines: single spindle, multi-spindle,

mounted somewhat single spindle on the basis of the wheel tractor, auto or

electric load-loader, vibrators, compressor, hand grinding machines and salammaker;

Rolled (linolyium) floors:

set of: grinding machines, industrial vacuum cleaners, installations for straightening waves on linoleum (electric goods), differential rollers and pyllas, bees, etc. For welding joints of rolls.

Piece wooden floors:

set in composition: Stolar table (circular, fuganok, planer, boring, rabble), planer, manual electric: saw, planer, fuganok, industrial vacuum cleaner, sharpened.

for a deeper topics of the topic:

1. A.V. Meszanins et al. Equipment, equipment and means of small mechanization for finishing works 1989-240 p. / cipher in a bibl. OGU 69.002 / 03M-56 /.

2. D.M. Weinzweig Lecture Materials / Lecture Abstract / Section "Basics of Automation of Building Production" on the discipline "Mechanization and automation of construction production", 1997-16 p. Orenburg, Ogu.

3. V.A. Sukhachev, R.A. Cargamans of small mechanization for the production of CM

M.: Stroyzdat 1989-384 p. / cipher in a bibl. OGU 69.002 / 03 / C-91 /.

4. D.M. Weinzweig allowance for mechanization and automation of construction production for a specialty 29.03.00. PGS Part 5 Technical characteristics of the main building machines, OGU Orenburg, 1998-152 p.

/ cipher in a bibl. OGU 69: 65.011.54 / 075.8 / B14 /.

5. Finishing Machines Reference Manual for construction machines 1984 / CIFR in a Bible. OGU 69.003 / 03 / M17 /.

6. Builder Directory Floors.

7. Directory of the builder Finishing work in construction.

8. Typical catalogs of normal complexes on the brigade: plasterers, painters, soils, etc. / In the methodology. Cabin. Masp and TSN Audit. 3134A ogu /.

Manual machines.

The manual is called the machine, equipped with a built-in engine when the mass of the machine is completely or partially perceived by the operator's hands. From the engine, the main movement is carried out (feed, mode control and the duration of the operation are performed manually).

Manual machines allow:

Increase labor production (in 5-8 or more times);

Reduce the complexity (and significantly);

Improve the quality of the operations performed;

Improve working conditions of workers.

Manual machines are classified:

By destination.

Processing of various materials (wood, metal, stone, etc.);

For various types of work (installation, stone, roofing, finishing, etc.);

Universal with a set of nozzles.

By type drive.

Electrical;

Pneumatic;

Motorized (from internal combustion engines);

Hydraulic;

Pyrotechnic (mounting powder pistols).

By the method of powering power supply.

Electromagnetic;

Mechanical (between the engine and the working body there is intermediate

converter mechanism);

Compressor vacuum;

Spring.

According to the principle of action.

Continuous-force (drilling, disk saws, grinding);

Pulse-power drums (hammers, concrete, shock-surface

perforators, etc., shock-rotational).

By mode of operation.

Lung (drilling machines, etc.);

Average;

Heavy;

Super heavy (shock action machine).

By the class of protection against damage.

Grade 1 - Rated voltages of more than 42 V and at least one metal part available when touched, separated from parts under voltage only by working insulation.

Grade 2 is the same as 1 class, but has a double or reinforced isolation (must be a sign).

Grade 3 - Rated voltage less than 42 V, powered by autonomous sources or from a converter or transformer with separate windings.

According to constructive execution.

(machines with rotating working bodies)

Straight (axis of the rotating organ and drive coincide or parallel);

Angle (axis are located at an angle).

By execution and regulation of speed.

Reversible;

Not reversible;

Single-speed;

Multi-speed.

By the nature of the work of the worker.

With rotational motion (disk saws, drilling machines, dolibodniks, etc.);

With reciprocating movement (scissors, jigsaws, rambling, hammers, etc.);

With a complex movement.

Manual machines are assigned an index consisting of alphabetic and digital parts.

By index, it is possible to determine the type of actuator, a group of the machine for the purpose and its design features.

The letter of the index of drive handmade machines characterizes the type of actuator:

Ie - electric

IP - pneumatic

Ig - hydraulic

ID - with an internal combustion engine

IR - for nozzles, instrumental heads and auxiliary equipment, regardless of the type of drive.

The digital part of the index has four digits:

The first indicates the group number,

The second is the number of the subgroup of the classification table.

The letters after the digital part of the index indicate the ordinal modernization of the machine and the appearance of its special design.

Manual machines must most possibly:

Electrical, noise, vibro- and mechanically safe;

Have low weight and overall dimensions;

Meet the requirements of technical aesthetics;

Completed, stored and issued in the kit;

Ensure the manufacturability and high level of poveloy unification (which improves their technical and operational qualities, including labor consumption and cost).