Strip foundation waterproofing options. Waterproofing strip foundations Correct waterproofing of strip foundations

The foundation is the foundation of any building or structure. He, like any building construction needs protection. Waterproofing a strip foundation is a set of works that protects the foundation from negative impact humid environment. Consider the most common types of waterproofing, as well as how and from what to make it.

Any type of foundation waterproofing is essential technological process production of work, which protects the foundation from the negative effects of moisture. This work is of two types:

Vertical waterproofing - protection of the walls of the foundation itself.
Horizontal waterproofing - insulation of one building material from the other, with different coefficients of water resistance.

Drainage system, also applies to horizontal waterproofing, but this is a separate view construction works, so we'll talk about it later.

Waterproofing of the strip foundation is carried out in several ways, some of them can be done independently without attracting additional work force... And some - only industrially, using specialized equipment.

Consider all types of waterproofing devices in order.

Bituminous coating

The cheapest, fastest and most widespread method, which consists in the complete processing of the foundation walls, with a special bituminous mastic... Due to its properties, the mastic fills all microcracks and chips, preventing the penetration of moisture into the body of the foundation.

Bituminous coating waterproofing, as a building material, can be one-component (ordinary bitumen block, requires heating), or sold in buckets, with special additives (the liquid state is obtained by a chemical reaction, when mixed).

Waterproofing strip foundations, in this way, is produced by applying the composition to the surface to be treated with brushes. Before starting work, the surface must be dust-free and dirt removed with brushes.

Advantages:

does not require special skills;
speed of work;
cheapness.

Disadvantages:

repeated surface treatment, after 5-7 years;
with multi-layer processing, requires a long drying time for the previous layer;
the possibility of damage to the layer when backfilling the foundation.

The use of roll building materials - can serve as a separate type of construction work, as well as additional protection of the method described above.

Waterproofing the foundation with roll materials is carried out according to the following technology - on the surface covered with mastic, cut to size (with a small margin) sheets of roll building material are applied. The work is done from top to bottom.

Cut sheets, before installation, must be rolled up, leaving top edge to warm up. With the help of a burner (flute), the edge of the roofing material is heated and glued to the surface of the foundation. Further, gradually unwinding the roll and heating it, glue the entire sheet, smoothing it from the center to the edges. The next sheet is glued with an overlap of 7 - 15 cm, onto the previously installed sheet.

When gluing two or more layers, the rule of bandaging building materials is observed - the seam (joint), each subsequent layer, should be 20-40 cm from the seam (joint) of the underlying layer.

All corners of the foundation are additionally armored with strips of the same roll material, the sides of which extend 20-30 cm, on each side of the corner.

Waterproofing the strip foundation, in this way requires the use of open flame, therefore, requires compliance with safety measures: use of a special burner, a proven propane gas cylinder, use of funds individual protection(glasses, overalls, gloves and shoes).

Advantages:

durability, up to 60 years;
availability;
easy maintainability;
cheapness.

Disadvantages:

not performed individually (a team of 2 - 3 people is required);
work with an open flame.

The plaster mixture, which includes hydrostable substances and components, should be diluted strictly according to the instructions on the packaging or issued by the seller. With the help of an ordinary spatula, the composition is applied to the surface of the foundation to be treated. Before applying the solution, the entire surface must be chipped off, with a special plastic mesh... The mesh is fixed with dowels.

not expensive materials;
speed of work.

durability of the coating 10 - 15 years;
the possibility of microcracks;
not high hydraulic resistance.

Application of liquid rubber

Waterproofing using liquid rubber is carried out by applying it to a primed surface using brushes, rollers or a spray gun. Since liquid rubber is a ready-made building material, preliminary preparation does not require, except when several components are used, which are mixed before work.

When using such compounds, you need to carefully consult the seller, since some types of these building materials cannot be stored. That is, after opening the package, you must use the entire volume.

durability, over 50 years;
ease of work;
high waterproofing qualities.

high cost;
to speed up the production process, a special spray is required.

Penetrating waterproofing

Using a spray gun, a special composition is applied to the primed surface, penetrating into the concrete body to a depth of 10-20 cm. The composition is applied to the concrete in several layers.

durability 50-70 years;
simple workflow;
high waterproofing properties.

high price.

Shielded waterproofing

Waterproofing strip foundations of this type are very rare. The production process consists in the fact that special mats are attached to the surface of the foundation (using assembly gun) or panels (inserted into the locks located at the edges). On our own it is not possible to execute, specialists with a license are required.

Horizontal waterproofing

Waterproofing roll materials

It is used to protect the foundation and buildings from the negative effects of capillary moisture.

A tape of material is laid on the surface of concrete, with a protrusion beyond the edges of the walls of structures standing on it by 5 - 15 cm. The tape can be laid as a second layer on mastic or as separate element, without base and attachment.

Drainage system

Serves to drain ground or melt water from the foundation.

A separate trench is dug along the perimeter of the foundation, with a deepening, below the bottom of the foundation, by 20-30 cm and a slope towards the water collector or technical well. If necessary, sand is placed in the drainage trench. After that, geotextiles are spread, with an approach, on the walls of the trenches by 50-70 cm.The next layer is 5-10 cm of gravel (do not ram!), On which it will lie drain pipe, with a slope of 5-6 mm / 1m of the drainage pipe.

The required slope is formed by the leveling of the previously laid gravel. Then, a layer of gravel 20-40 cm is poured onto which the edges of the geotextile are wrapped (overlapping). After the trench is covered with soil.

The horizontal waterproofing of the strip foundation, made using this technology, will freely pass water to the pipe, for its subsequent drainage, without clogging it.

If there is no drainage tank, then it must be made - for example, by installing a well from concrete rings or a container of suitable volume.

Conclusion

Before choosing the type of waterproofing, it is necessary to consult with a specialist, provided that it is not indicated in the project documentation. The waterproofing made in compliance with the technology will reliably protect not only the foundation itself, but also the structure built on it. And an accurate calculation of the building material will help save money and minimize the cost of repair work in the future.

How to protect the bath from destruction as a result of the impact of groundwater? Answer to this question simple - do-it-yourself waterproofing of the strip foundation will help solve this problem. It is necessary to protect from moisture not only the sole of the foundation, but also the basement and the basement. Knowing the rules for performing waterproofing of the strip foundation with your own hands, you can easily protect other elements of the bath. All parts of this building need high-quality waterproofing - walls outside, floor, roof, window and door openings, with the exception of internal walls.

Features of waterproofing the bath strip foundation

The strip foundation does not always need protection from groundwater. This becomes necessary when the level of groundwater flow is too high or when there is a possibility of a seasonal rise in the level of groundwater, for example, during a spring flood. In case of poor-quality construction of the blind area or its destruction groundwater fall on the foundation with outside... It is necessary to carry out isolation wherever there is a possibility of an increase in the amount of groundwater or its flow in places where hydrostatic pressure occurs. The waterproofing layer must be continuous and located outside the protected part of the building.

If groundwater occurs at a distance of no more than 1 m from the bottom of the bath base, the foundation needs waterproofing. In this case, the groundwater level can change. A distance of 1 m is the worst case, usually occurring during spring floods. The groundwater level can be equal to 2 m, which must be taken into account when deciding on the implementation of capital waterproofing of the base. In this case, to protect the strip base from the negative effects of rising moisture, there is enough coating waterproofing.

The next situation associated with groundwater, leading to the need for waterproofing, is the possibility of changing the level of groundwater with annual fluctuations. The groundwater level may increase with increasing pressure on the soil during the development of the adjacent territory. Or when on neighboring plots drainage is made and water is discharged from drain holes in a body of water that does not have waterproofing. Such a body of water can affect the soil, even if it is located a kilometer from the foundation of your bath. In this case, you can get by with the implementation of waterproofing using coating materials. Regardless of the groundwater level, one condition must be met: the base of the foundation must be on a sand cushion 10 cm thick and a corresponding layer of rubble. Such a cushion protects the foundation from capillary rise in the height of groundwater. The crushed stone layer should consist of 4-5 cm particles.

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In what cases do you need to waterproof the foundation with your own hands?

If the groundwater runs too high, then before building the foundation with your own hands, drainage is required. Only then can the base be waterproofed. With absence drainage system the water under the foot of the building generates hydrostatic forces that reduce the pressure of the building on the ground. Due to the uneven distribution of these forces, the structure can move, and the base left without load topple over. Only the drainage system can handle the hydrostatic pressure.

On clay soils, strip foundation should be protected from surface and ground water. Water seeps into clay and loam very slowly, so it is directed towards the structure. Drainage is required in this case as well. In the presence of aggressive waters in the soil, in the absence of waterproofing of the base, concrete can collapse in the same way as metal. Chemically active groundwater is especially dangerous. Reinforced concrete foundation in such an environment should be made of concrete W4 and above.

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Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the bath foundation using coating materials

To protect against seasonal rise in the groundwater level, you can use the most economical method of waterproofing with coating materials. Such insulation does not protect against aggressive waters. The bitumen mastic cannot withstand water pressure over 2 m. Such a coating is not resistant to tensile and displacement forces. To perform the coating waterproofing, you will need the following materials and tools:

Waterproofing material must be environmentally friendly and safe. Liquid construction bitumen is safe as long as it is not heated.

bituminous mastic;
geotextile;
shovel;
sand;
brush.

The mastic should be applied to a clean, dry, prepared surface. The mastic must be protected from mechanical stress when backfilling with soil. In this case, dense geotextiles are used. When used for filling homogeneous soil, the waterproofing layer can be covered with wide strips of geotextile only in the corners of the structure. If the base is insulated to the level of freezing of the soil, the waterproofing will not need protection. To prevent it from appearing in the hardened bitumen, the corners of the base strip should be rounded.

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Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the bath foundation using roll materials

Usually used for heating construction hair dryer creating high temperatures. You can also warm it up with a gas lamp. These are the main steps when performing waterproofing of the base of a building with your own hands.

Roll waterproofing is used to protect the foundation from the destructive effects of groundwater.

There are 2 ways to roll the material. The first of them is a vertical, quite convenient method. Laying begins from the top of the foundation. After covering the vertical surface to the length of the sheet, it must be bent and laid on a horizontal plane. It is not necessary to weld the material to the lower horizontal surface; it can be connected to concrete under soil pressure. The second sheet is overlapped.

When rolling horizontally, the roll is unrolled along the structure. First, the roll is rolled out on a horizontal plane without welding, the material is pressed by the soil. Then the material is glued to a vertical plane so that Bottom part This row was covered by the previously laid horizontal canvas by 20 cm. Not the entire canvas can be fixed, but only its upper edge. The material, together with the insulation, is fixed with bulk soil to the vertical plane, glued to it. The insulation work is completed with a sheet covering the upper horizontal surface.

This is a more difficult rolling option, which causes difficulties with heating. large sheets material. The foundation is covered with roofing material, having previously applied a heated bituminous mass to it. Roofing material is placed in 2 layers. Both materials must be applied on a flat surface.

The opinion is erroneous that the strip foundation does not change in any way during operation. It decomposes, corrodes, sometimes rots, which means that it is important to create a protective layer that protects it from external influences.

With your own hands, or with the help of masters, it is performed in mandatory, otherwise there is a risk of deterioration of its condition, fluid flow through microcracks arising over time.

Is it necessary to do waterproofing if the building is many years old, and moisture in the basement does not accumulate and there are no signs of damage to the foundation? Yes, the procedure must be carried out, otherwise, in a few years, when the material under the influence of the incoming liquid will give microcracks, the process will become much more complicated.

The moisture inside the walls is also able to freeze through, due to which they destruct. This process occurs with all areas in the building, so a building that has not been insulated is not as durable.

The strip foundation must be isolated from the liquid. The procedure can be performed independently or by contacting professionals. If you plan to do the work yourself, the first thing you need to do is decide on the type of waterproofing, figure out the methods of application, then find out the features of the process.

Waterproofing pile foundation should be solid, go without interruption. In places where the procedure was performed poorly, moisture will seep.

General groups of materials with which you can perform work:

Coating.
Sprayable.
Rolled.
Okayechnye.
Penetrating.

Each of the groups differs in the ways of performing work, has its own characteristics.

Coating

The work on waterproofing the foundation without a basement takes place using bituminous materials, mastics and substances based on bitumen, which have a number of advantages.

pros:

Low cost.
High degree of elasticity.
The hydrophobicity of the coating is optimal for such work.
High degree of adhesion.

It is easy to work with the material, no special skills or special tools are required. The disadvantage is the low, compared to others, the term of use. Approximately 5-7 years after the application of the bitumen coating, the substance loses its fragility and elasticity. The layer begins to be covered with cracks, which increase every year, due to which the protective properties deteriorate.

Coating waterproofing

Due to the relatively low service life of the material, it is used less and less. The use of bitumen with additives - polymers is widespread. As an additional substance, in the composition waterproofing material rubber, latex is used. Components are capable of extending service life. Adhesion and elasticity are improved, the difference in temperatures at which the material can be stored without loss of properties is increased.

The technological process when performing work with the help of a coating material is simple. To begin with, preparation is required, which consists in cleaning the surface from construction waste, dirt, dust, parts that can peel off or break off in the course of work. Waterproofing monolithic slab foundation excludes the possibility of moisture getting into the building

A primer is purchased, with which the strip foundation is processed. It is imperative to let the walls dry, then the material itself is applied to the surface. The coating must be intact, without severe cracks or breakages.

Roll

To use roll waterproofing, it is optimal to first coat your foundation with bitumen, and then stick roofing material or its substitute. The application technology for the composition is different. In some cases, it can be glued, sometimes only fusion of roofing material is suitable. This requires the use of a gas burner.

Roll waterproofing

The roll tape is warmed up, then glued to the surface. If a preliminary application of bitumen is planned, you should wait for it to dry, after which you can add roofing material. The joints in the strips overlap by at least 15 cm.

When using the burner, the material should not be overheated, otherwise it may melt and sometimes become unusable.

The material is popular due to its low cost and high protective properties. It can be used for a foundation buried not lower than 3 m. Roofing material will protect from rain. One layer of such waterproofing along with bitumen will be enough for reliable waterproofing. Durability exceeds 45 years.

Sprayed

Sprayed waterproofing can be used without the involvement of specialists. The method is innovative nowadays, the material used copes well with the task. NS can be applied to any type of foundation. Spray-on insulation can be applied as a means of restoring an old layer that has lost its properties during operation, for example, to remove cracks in coating materials. Used like independent view.

Sprayed waterproofing

The material is expensive, but has a number of advantages over other types of strip foundation waterproofing:

Durability.
Easy to apply.
Lack of seam joints.
The speed of hardening.
Lack of toxicity and environmental friendliness.
The ability not to deteriorate under the influence of ultraviolet radiation.

You need to work with the material as follows: the surface is cleaned of debris, dust, treated with an antiseptic solution, after which the spraying process takes place. For better effect it is important to reinforce the treated surface. To do this, you should use geotextiles.

Penetrating

Penetrating waterproofing is effective but expensive. The material used for application is most often made of cement mortar with the addition of quartz sand. It can be applied as well as plaster. You can also purchase a composition applied to the surface similar to sprayed waterproofing. The voids in concrete are filled with crystal-like elements that do not allow any moisture inside.

Penetrating waterproofing

The material is widely used, it can be used to protect any kind of foundation from moisture. The composition is processed basements, any kind of underground structures made of concrete.

Advantages:

actions are carried out indoors, you do not need to dig out the foundation;
concrete does not require drying. The more it is moistened, the faster and better the composition will be fixed;
the thickness of concrete through which the material is able to penetrate is 60-90 cm;
the material protects not only the outer walls, but also the inner ones. Liquid does not penetrate into concrete;
when a crack appears, it will fill with nearby crystals on its own;
concrete does not lose vapor permeability;
strength and frost resistance of concrete increases due to the properties of the material;
no application equipment is needed;
concrete ceases to respond to mechanical stress. If necessary, clean it metal objects waterproofing is not disturbed. The foundation can be drilled, dowels can be screwed to it and any required operations can be performed - the waterproofing properties will not change;
the material is environmentally friendly. Suitable for use on containers in contact with drinking water;
at correct selection even strong leaks are closed.

Disadvantages:

solution is processed only concrete surface and substances similar in composition;
before starting work, it is required to clean the surface clean, to concrete. The cracks are opened, degreased;
the concrete is pre-moistened.

This type of waterproofing better fit for fresh material. Old structures need to be cleaned and degreased to release all clogged pores. To get it right, sandblasting tools are used.

Other types

There are other types of waterproofing, the use of which will protect the foundation from moisture access. consists in blowing a special composition into cracks, seams. Works are performed on any hard surface.

Injection waterproofing

Benefits of using:

you do not need to dig the foundation;
work can be performed on any materials: stone, brick, concrete;
better than other materials eliminates possible leaks;
removes capillary suction in masonry.

The disadvantages of the material are as follows: the cost is high, the implementation requires the involvement of specialists, the finish must be completely dismantled. For high-quality performance, it is important to know the place of fluid flow, otherwise the use of the material is impossible.

Concrete mats

Concrete mats are one of the types of installed waterproofing. The base of the mats is clay mixed with concrete, enclosed in granules. The composition is laid between cardboard layers or geotextiles. The material lies on the surface that needs to be insulated from moisture, after which the cardboard will decompose over time, and the mixture will act as an insulator between water and the surface. The composition, in contact with liquid, swells, takes a gel-like form.

Concrete mats

The mats should be overlapped, and the joints should be covered with concreted granules. There is only one drawback of the method - high cost. It is used for any surfaces, it can be laid with a foundation in the ground so that rainwater did not seep close to home. Waterproofing works in a similar way are carried out during the construction phase.

Features when performing work

When performing work, the features should be taken into account:

Waterproofing should be carried out during the construction of the facility, but if the work has not been completed, it will be more difficult to do this later. You will need to excavate the entire base, but to maintain the strength of the building, you will have to do everything in stages.
Work starts from the corners and ends with the walls.
The first layer of insulation is placed horizontally, the second vertically.
When the foundation has been excavated, it should be cleaned, preferably without water.
The soil is removed from all pits, which must then be filled with cement mortar or glue. Then the surface is treated with bitumen.
Roofing material is fused with a torch.
The first layer is always laid horizontally, and then overlap.

Carrying out waterproofing of the strip foundation is a simple matter that everyone can cope with. In this case, it is important to observe the recommendations given, to take into account the sequence of actions and the peculiarities of the work for each type of insulating material.

Moisture penetrating into the basement and basement creates unfavorable conditions in the living quarters located on these floors. With capillary penetration into the body of a concrete monolith of a strip foundation, moisture in winter time, freezing and expanding at the same time, contributes to the destruction of concrete. Moisture in the foundation also leads to corrosion metal fittings, which also does not contribute to the strength and reliability of the building foundation. For the full and long-term functioning of the underground part of the structures, it is necessary to ensure it even when laying the foundation reliable protection from the destructive effects of moisture, underground groundwater and the effects of moisture penetrating from upper layers soil.

Correctly performed waterproofing of the strip foundation is designed to protect it from moisture.

Types of foundation waterproofing

Waterproofing methods 2:

Horizontal is used when the groundwater is deep enough and there is no direct contact of the foundation with it. Serves to cut off the capillary rise of moisture from the foundation tape to the foundation wall. Horizontal waterproofing includes different kinds drainage of water from the building - construction of a blind area and drainage.
The vertical one ensures the waterproofing of the strip foundation walls. Non-pressure vertical waterproofing protects against seasonal rise of groundwater and atmospheric precipitation; capillary - from moisture ingress into the concrete monolith; anti-pressure is designed to resist the hydrostatic action of groundwater.

Depending on the method of execution, they are divided into:

coating (mastic) - performed in the form of coating with hot and cold bitumen or polymer compositions;
pasting - insulation with roll materials (geotextiles, roofing felt, films);
spraying - spray coating;
impregnating - used in the processing of blocks and slabs with various compositions that penetrate the porous structure of concrete and give them the necessary waterproofing qualities.

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Waterproofing the strip foundation when laying

When waterproofing under a building, it is performed in several stages.
On entry level for the waterproofing layer, it is necessary to make a pillow from a sand-crushed stone mixture or a layer of lean concrete.

At the bottom of the trench dug under the foundation, a mixture of sand and gravel is poured, carefully rammed and leveled. The layer thickness can be up to 20-30 cm.
A concrete screed up to 5-8 cm thick is laid on the sand layer.After the screed has dried (up to 2 weeks), its surface is treated with bitumen mastic or molten bitumen and a layer of roofing material is laid, bitumen is again applied and then another layer of roofing material. After that, make another 5-8 cm of concrete screed.
After that, the foundation is erected, its surfaces are insulated with vertical views applying waterproofing.

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Waterproofing the foundation after its construction

Vertical insulation is possible both at the stage of foundation construction and after the completion of the construction. The most common method is to completely process the entire foundation strip with molten bitumen or ready-made mastic purchased from a hardware store. Bitumen penetrates the gaps concrete structure and, solidifying, creates a layer that protects the foundation from moisture penetration into the body of the monolith.

Vertical insulation can be done using roll materials or by spraying one- and two-component compounds such as Elastopaz or Elastomix, etc. materials from the category "liquid rubbers".

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Bituminous insulation

In order to make insulation with bitumen, you need:

Break a block of bitumen into smaller pieces and melt them in a refractory container (in a bucket above the fire) to a liquid state. When warming up bitumen, you can add a little used oil (automobile) to it.
Hot bitumen can be easily applied to all surfaces of the foundation in several layers (2-4 is sufficient). Bitumen should not solidify in the container: when reheated, it loses some of its properties.

Among the disadvantages of bitumen can be noted fragility (5-10 years of operation) and low water resistance of bitumen insulation. When backfilling with soil, the insulation can be damaged.

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Roll materials

To protect the foundation of the building from moisture, first of all, it is necessary to make the so-called blind areas. cement mortar; 2 - broken brick, tseben; 3 - clay; 4 - soil; 5 - gutter groove; 6 - foundation.

As a protection of the bituminous layer or as an independent type of waterproofing, it is possible to make pasting insulation with roll materials glued to the surface of the foundation using mastic or bitumen:

Treat foundation surfaces with molten bitumen or mastic. Unlike the coating type of waterproofing, here it is not fundamentally a thorough application of the bitumen layer, since it serves as a layer that ensures the attachment of the roll material to the foundation.
Roofing material is heated by heating with a burner and applied to the hot layer of bitumen coating. The joints are overlapped by 10-15 cm and treated with a torch for joining. Instead of roofing material, modern materials are also used, deposited in several layers on the surface of the foundation. These are polymer films and polyester cloth with bitumen-polymer spraying such as Technoelast, Isoelast, etc.
If it is not possible to use the burner, special mastics with adhesive properties are used.

The durability of such waterproofing reaches 50 years. Waterproofing using roll materials is considered the most reliable today.

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Liquid rubber is a modern material

The composition is a polymer-modified dispersion of bitumen particles in water. Among the merits modern material: odorless, non-flammable, non-toxic. Liquid rubbers can be applied even to damp surfaces and have good adhesion to all substrates. After drying, a waterproofing membrane forms on the treated surface.

The disadvantage of the coating is the same as with bituminous mastic: the surface can be damaged when. Therefore, after applying the composition with a spray gun or manually, it is recommended to additionally fix geotextiles or other material on the foundation (for example, expanded polystyrene for thermal insulation).

Applying a layer of liquid rubber requires a preliminary primer special composition or diluted water (1: 1) liquid rubber... After drying for 1 hour, 1-2 layers of liquid rubber are applied to the soil layer.

During the construction phase of the building, many craftsmen allow gross mistake, which subsequently leads to a violation of the building structure. This mistake lies in the insufficient and poor-quality arrangement of the foundation. This means waterproofing the strip foundation and basement, including, if any.

It is extremely necessary to complete this stage of work, since the impact of groundwater on outside the grounds are quite destructive. Especially considering that chemical composition groundwater can differ dramatically depending on the location of the house in relation to chemical or metallurgical facilities, agricultural facilities, etc.

The lack of waterproofing on the outer walls of the basement can lead to at least dampness in it

Important: the absence of waterproofing on the outer walls of the basement can lead to at least dampness in it. In the worst case, constant flooding and the resulting destruction of the premises will become his fate.

Do-it-yourself waterproofing of the strip foundation is quite simple. The main thing is to understand the principles and technologies of work performance, as well as to know about all possible types and types of waterproofing. This is in our material.

It is worth knowing that you can choose a different group of materials to perform work. They are:

Depending on the type of materials chosen, the waterproofing technology is also used.

Wash-type insulation

For waterproofing the tape-type foundation and basement, including in this case, materials based on bitumen or bitumen mastic are used. According to the type of materials, it becomes clear that the waterproofing of the strip foundation in this case is done by spreading mastic around the entire perimeter of the base.

To carry out work with the use of mastic, it is necessary to perform a number of such actions:

Free the foundation (basement walls) from debris, dust and dirt;
With a deep penetration primer, coat the surface of the outer and inner walls foundation;
After the primer has dried, apply the mastic in an even continuous layer with a special brush (brush) so that the waterproofing does not have gaps.

The advantages of waterproofing with a coating method include:

Low cost of materials;
Ease of work;
Good elasticity of the topcoat;
Excellent waterproofing properties of bitumen;
High adhesion of the coating to concrete.

However, this waterproofing also has its disadvantages. The main one is the low service life of the material. So, the layer of bitumen mastic remains elastic and intact throughout the entire 6 years. Then it begins to crack, as a result of which groundwater still penetrates the walls of the foundation. The problem can be solved by purchasing waterproofing coating materials with the addition of softening polymers.

In addition, the integrity of the coating layer may suffer during backfilling of the foundation. Small stones can scratch the coating and depressurize it. They solve the problem by laying a protective layer of roofing material or geotextile over the applied layer of bitumen.

Roll type waterproofing (adhesive)

Here, materials in the form of a roll are used to protect the foundation from moisture. It can be roofing material, geotextile, and "Aquaizol", and "Isoplast" with "Helastopley". Often similar materials used in the event that it is planned to build a house without a basement. In this case, both horizontal insulation (covering the plane of the foundation before its contact with the walls) and vertical (applying roll material to the walls of the base) are used.

Roll materials are attached to the base of the building in two stages:

Adhesive (using bituminous mastic as an adhesion agent);
Floating (using gas burner for melting the material and its pliability).

The waterproofing installation technology is as follows:

Foundation walls are cleaned of debris and treated with a deep penetration primer;
After drying, the walls are coated with bitumen mastic and cuts of the waterproofing material are applied, pressing them well;
The waterproofing joints are overlapped by 15 cm, and for their high-quality fit, a burner is used to fusion the cuts together.

To the benefits roll waterproofing include:

Long service life;
Excellent waterproofing ability;
Ease of installation;
High resistance to mechanical stress of any type;
The reliability of the entire structure.

But it is worth remembering that roll materials for waterproofing based on fiberglass or fiberglass have less resistance to deformation, in contrast to materials based on polyester.

Penetrating waterproofing

This type of waterproofing of the walls of the basement and basement is considered one of the most effective, but also expensive. Here, the waterproofing material is based on a special mixture of cement, quartz sand and special plasticizing additives. As a result, a plastic material is obtained, which is applied by the coating method to the walls of the base and penetrates into all the pores of the base, forming crystalline solidifications in the voids. It is they who will repel water from the underground part of the building.

Penetrating waterproofing is widely used for the treatment of basement walls and other underground tanks, for the treatment of foundations of any kind.

The advantages of this type of waterproofing include:

High quality insulation from groundwater impact;
Excellent plasticity when applied;
High wear resistance of the finished coating;
Durability of the entire structure;
Resistance to aggressive environments.

Waterproofing technology using penetrating mixtures is as follows:

The walls are completely cleaned and primed;
After the primer has dried, the insulating mixture is applied with a special brush or from a spray gun;
The coating is allowed to dry completely.

Sprayed insulation

This method of waterproofing a strip foundation is one of the most modern. The method of applying insulation by spraying is widely used in roofing works, at repair work the old waterproofing layer or to create a new first layer. In comparison with the mass of advantages, the sprayed mixture has one significant disadvantage - its high cost.

The technology for creating a waterproofing layer by spraying is as follows:

The walls of the foundation or basement are cleaned of debris, dust and dirt;
Moisture protection agent is applied to the finished surface using construction sprayer, forming a seamless even coating;
For greater reliability, the sprayed mastic is reinforced with a layer of geotextile.

The advantages of this waterproofing method are:

Long service life (from 50 years or more);
High adhesion properties of the material to concrete;
Ease of work, which creates savings in labor costs and time at the construction site;
Absolutely even coating without seams and joints, which prevents the slightest ingress of moisture on the surface of the concrete base;
Eco-friendly and absolute non-toxicity of the material;
Excellent elasticity that resists any small inclusions in the soil;
High resistance to UV rays.

If the house is built without waterproofing the foundation

Important: waterproofing the base new building should be carried out during the construction phase. However, it happens that the house is purchased, and there is no insulation from moisture. In this case, it is possible and necessary to save the house. In this case, you need to act like this:

The house or basement is completely excavated along the entire perimeter of the foundation. Moreover, you need to start from the corners, moving towards the walls of the base, so as not to violate the fortress of the building.
Now you should clean all the walls around the perimeter from dirt and dust. This should be done exclusively without the use of moisture. It is important to free all grooves, cracks and pores of the base from soil, earth and dirt.
All cleared gaps should be filled with special glue for tile or cement mortar.
After the walls of the foundation or basement have dried, they should be treated with bituminous mastic.

Important: under such conditions it is better to combine vertical and horizontal insulation.

Rolls of roofing material or other insulation material are cut into pieces the right size and with the help of a special gas burner they are applied to the walls of the structure with overlapping joints. The pieces are placed horizontally.
Now you need to apply another layer of material in the same way, but with a vertical position.

Important: at the corners of the building it is worth wrapping roll material and make overlaps. But, in any case, do not cut the waterproofing. This installation method will break the tightness of the foundation winding.

In the last turn, a drainage system and a blind area for water drainage are formed.
It remains to backfill the base with good compaction of the soil.

DIY waterproofing strip foundation

Overview of types of waterproofing material for strip foundations. Coating, roll, penetrating and other types of waterproofing.