Growing beets. The cultivation of beets at the cottage is quick and easy. Care for beet

Prepare a garden or pot. Beckls do not need a lot of places to grow, so you can put it or on a small area or in a pot. If you plant beets to the ground, plow the soil on the garden with a cultivator to a depth of 30 centimeters. On the soil should not be stones so that the roots are correctly formed. Add compost and organic substances to the soil to enrich it. Best soil loose and sandy, with a pH between 6.2 and 7.0.

• Choose a place on which the bright sunlight; Beets will not grow well in half.
• Korneflood beets develop best when they have a lot of potassium. You can add bone flour to the soil to provide additional potassium if your soil is not particularly fertile.

Plan to plant beets with other vegetables. Beets do not take up much space in the garden, so she gets well with other vegetables of the cool season. In fact, radishes are planted and collectable earlier than beets, so its landing in the prepared bed for beets, good way Get ready-made soil for planting beets. You can also plant beets together with bow, salad, cabbage, broccoli and beans in the garden.

Many dackets grow carrots, beets, cabbage, zucchini, garlic, onions, potatoes, as these are the most basic vegetables used in the preparation of various dishes, including conservation. The most interesting thing is that the beet is useful to use not only its root, but also the leaves themselves.

Beets are one of the few crops, which is not good for the habitat, but which needs the abundant number of organic and mineral fertilizers. In its type of leaves, it is similar to.

The most common varieties of beets for growing in the country: Mushroom, Egyptian flat, incomparable A-46, cold-resistant, Promotional A-474, Renova, Pablo.

It is necessary to care for beets, as well as for any other culture, namely, to water, reload, pour and feed.

Growing beets in the country

Despite her unpretentiousness to the landing site, it still has preferences. It should be well illuminated drained plot, light gives the root color. If the soil is acidic, then laying the beds, make ash with dolomite flour or lime. However, it should be careful with lime, since its oversuetting will lead to a pair of culture.

When preparing beds under the beets in May, the compost should be made in the soil at the rate of 3 kg per 1 sq.m. If the site is in a raw place, then beets are grown on the ridges. If we grow beets under the winter, then the soil must be superficially pour and make a compost or humid ½ bucket with 30g potassium chloride and the same amount of superphosphate per 1 kV. m. spring add 30g urea.

Grow beets better than seeds. If sowing beets in spring, then to accelerate the germination of seeds, soak them on a day in warm water. After which the seeds need to be dried, sow in loose soil and roll.

If you prepare the seeds with bubbling, then you only follow the wet soil! (Barbing is a very convenient way to prepare seeds to landing, which does not require preheating. Seeds are saturated with oxygen with, for example, aquarium compressor. Seed shoots are accelerated by 2 times.)

Seed seeds begin at a temperature of 4-5 ° C, shootouts withstand temperatures up to 2 ° C below zero. If the soil is imperturbed, the beets are formed by flowers.

Sowing seeds are usually carried out from May 1 to 20, at this time the soil is still most moistened. The rate of seeding seed beet 2g per 1kv.m. In case of subsequent sowing 3g per 1kv.m (depth of sealing 3-4cm), do not forget about the mulching of the soil.

The distance between the seeds 5-8cm with a shallow crop in heavy soils 2-3cm, aisle 18-20 cm. At first shoots, approximately 4-5 days, it is necessary to break, better after watering or rain, do not forget about the weeding and loosening between rows.

The first breaking with the severition of the first 2-leaves, the second at 4-5 leaves, leaving the distance between the plants 6cm, the last thinner in August, the distance to 8cm. Note that with the second thinning, the roots can already be used in its intended purpose, i.e. in food.

Do not forget about watering beets during growing, as this is a very moisture-loving plant, approximately 20 liters per 1Qm. For arid weather during intensive growth. Such a powerful watering is carried out 1-2 times. Over the season, water with small portions. A month before harvesting, it is not worth a crop of cropping the soil, it will affect the quality of the harvest.

Fertilizers when growing beets

Beets need to be picked up nitrogen, boron, phosphorus, potassium, maliben, copper. In all this, the beets very much needs. An alternative to these fertilizers can be a mixture of ash (3 glasses per 1kv.m.) with a humus or compost.

For the entire season of cultivation of beets you need to spend 2 feeding with mineral fertilizers. The first is carried out after the primary thinning of nitrogen fertilizers (10g urea per 1kv.m), the second - when it starts to climb the tops in the rivers, potash-phosphorus (10g potassium chloride, 8g superphosphate per 1kv.m).

To reduce the amount of nitrates in beets, nitrogen fertilizers should be made by fractional portions, it is best to use urea. And the chlorine forms of potash fertilizers, due to the content of ions in them, will prevent the accumulation of nitrates.

Beet needs copper and molybdenum and especially in Bore. Root feeding in this case is not an advocacy. Make fertilizers containing these trace elements with an extraxanitic method.

• Yellow spots on the buckle of beets will indicate a sign of a lack of potassium, it will help to correct the position by watering with lime milk (10 liter of water 200g of lime from 80g potassium chloride). Repeat such feeder is recommended after 10 days.
• The red beet trees will say about the lack of sodium and the acidity of the soil. In this case, the leaves of beets are watered with salted water, and the beds sprinkle ashes.
• Light leaves of beets will indicate the lack of potassium.

It is necessary to make a feeder when the rootpode will become the size of a walnut, it is best to make a cowbage solution at the rate of 1: 8, but so: 2 g nitrogen, 3 g of phosphate and potash fertilizers per 1kv.m.

Cleaning and storage beets

Collect the harvest start 70-80 days after sowing, finish before the start of frosts (mid-September).
For better storage Beets and color preservations with all nutrients, cut leaves need to be 3 cm from the root. Store in basements or cellars at a temperature of 1-3 ° C.

• Squeeze the beet where tomato, potatoes, onions and cucumber grew up.
• Do not put the beet where the mangold grew, carrots, cabbage and beets.
• Observe the crop rotation.
• For greater sugar, the beets are watering it with a solution of table salt (10l water 1st.l. at 1Qm. M), and even better sodium saltters and so 2-3 times per season.
• Grow beets best of all seeds, because seedlings after transplanting to the ground for a long time It is ill and does not tolerate the reduced temperature, go into an arrow or the fruit will be small.
• Speed \u200b\u200bup the germination of beet seeds can be seeded with vermiculite or peat, then humidity, heat and strong crust will not be formed.
• The most common diseases and pests beets: false puffy dew, spottedness of leaves, rust, root tough, etc.

Beet – useful vegetableIt is grown and used to prepare various dishes and used in medicine.

Each gardener grows beets on its plot. To obtain a good harvest, it is necessary to comply with the rules for growing beets in the open soil.

Today we will talk about growing beets in open soil, Care behind the sowing of seeds, watering, weeding, and before harvesting and storing the harvest. Also consider main types of beets and the conditions for growing this root.

Start the preparation of the site in the fall: you need to remove the remains of other plants, make fertilizers ( wood ash) And then step by land.

The best predecessors for landing beets: Cucumbers, peas, onions, beans, eggplants.

Plot under beets should be well illuminated by the sun, the beet does not like shading. The fruits will raise a saturated shade.

Planting beets to open ground

In the spring area under the landing breakdown with robbles. When the earth warms up above +5 degrees, you can sow seeds. Do not save seeds into cold soil, the fruits are bad formed, which will affect the crop. Optimum term Planting beets to open soil is considered mid-May.

Preliminary seeds must be prepared, shoots will appear faster. To do this, soak them over the day before sowing in a stimulator of growth or conventional warm water. Before sowing dry.

Preferably before sowing seeds to pour a plot. We make rows of a depth of 4 cm and the distance between them 25-30 cm, richly shedding the furrows with water, as it absorbs, seeds seeds and sprinkled soil.

Watch that the crust is not formed on the surface of the soil, the seeds will hardly break through it. On time loosen the soil and remove weeds.

Provide a regular watering beet, especially in the first half of the vegetation, during the formation of root.

In the first half of the summer produced by watering 1 time per week, at the rate of 10 liters per 1 m 2 beds (under root and sprinkling).

Beginning from mid-July Watering produce 2 times a week with the same amount of water. Do not forget to loosen the soil after irrigations.

Repeatedly: for the month and 2 weeks before harvesting During watering, add 1 tablespoon of cook salt by 10 liters. This will add beets a sweet taste. Salt can be replaced with sodium salt.

10-14 days before harvest, the irrigation is stopped by giving rootes to be prepared for storage.

Feeding to produce after formation of 3-4 leaves nitrogen-containing fertilizers (for example, solution bird litter or cowbank solution).

Becks for the entire period of growth in need nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. In the first half of the growing season nitrogen fertilizers, in the second half you need potash fertilizers.

Phosphoric fertilizers It is necessary to make a little bit during the entire period of vegetation beets.

In the second half of the growing season as feeding use ash: on the water bucket 1 cup of ashes, insisted and water from the watering can.

Beet loves ash, and even leaves after feeding acquire a healthy green color. If the leaves of the beet gland, adopt the beet kaliva Selievera (3 tablespoons per 10 liters of water).

Beets are sown densely, and this is done for its normal development. Also, it is a measure against a bad seed germination. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct relief. It is most convenient to spend thinning after watering or abundant rain.

First thinning They are carried out during the first formation period of the first full-fledged leaves, leaving the distance between the plants in 2-3 cm.

Second thinner Conducted when 5-6 leaves were formed on plants, leaving the gap between the plants in 4-6 cm.

For the third time thinning It is necessary to spend until August 15, leaving the distance between plants at 8-10 cm. Observe the discharge time, this is an important moment for obtaining high-quality and large harvest.

It is possible to grow beets in the open soil from seedlings. A month before landing in the open ground, beet seeds are beginning to sow seeds in the greenhouse. Make a groove after 5 cm from each other and sow seeds with a distance of 3 cm, put out the earth.

After some time, sprouts will appear. When 4 leaves grows, seedlings are ready for transplant. 10 days before landing on permanent place Swipe seedlings, ventilate the greenhouse. Immediately before landing well, sprinkle.

Video - How to please beckle

The beets are not necessary (even when peeping root from the ground), so it will type more sucrosiness and will be sweeter. Remove the beets you need to frost. Roots are stored in the basement, and well persists until spring.

Each hostess for sowing chooses a variety, depending on the subsequent use of beets.

Main types of beets: Dining room, sugar, stern.

For those gardeners who keep the farm, it will be useful feed beet For feeding animals. This type of beet grows large, so when landing the distance between the rows of about 30-35 cm.

Table variety Great fitting. Sugar beet planted for sugar.

Observing these simple beetting tips, you can get good harvest.

Present a borsch, a herring under a fur coat or winegree without beets is simply impossible, it is tasty and extremely useful. In this article you will learn all the secrets of growing root in the open soil.

Beets grown in open soil

1. Beets - a light-loving vegetable, so get a good harvest, organizing a bed in the shade, will not succeed;
2. Seeds germinate at temperatures above 5 degrees, so be sure to make sure that the soil is enough to have a free program, otherwise you risk provoking the process of the shorting;
3. The amount and quality of the crop largely depends on proper watering. Despite the fact that the vegetable is growing even in arid conditions, it is recommended to water it 2-3 times a week for excellent growth;
4. Do not forget to feed and protect against pests in a timely manner.

What kind of grade to choose

It is known a few varieties of vegetable:

• Dining room. We use it for cooking. It happens round, flat and cylindrical. It is found pink, light and wine-burglar. Red Ball and Bohemia are considered the best for cultivation in the open ground, their harvest can be collected after 10-11 weeks. A little longer (16-17 weeks) ripen Egyptian flat, Bon and Detroit. Late variety is a cylinder, you can try it in 19 weeks.

• Sugar. It is used as it is clear for the production of sugar. Grow mainly in the southern regions. Bright representatives of this category are already the mentioned variety Detroit, as well as Bohemia, Bon and Lark.

• Feathers. People do not eat in food, grown it mainly for feeding livestock. The roots are quite large, in form are round, oval and conical.

Landing

In the open ground, the plant is planted at the average daily temperature not lower than 5 degrees. Landing with insufficient warming threatens the appearance of flowers and low quality of rooteplood. Optimal time for landing - may holidaysWhen the Earth is still moistened.

Preparation of soil

The vegetable grows well in a light, fertile, saturated with nitrogen soil. Site for its cultivation plots, where the cucumbers, tomatoes, eggplants or onions grew earlier. Arrange the beds where the mangold, carrots and / or cabbage were located last year, are not worth it.

Preparing the place preferably at the end of March - early April. Everyone square meter It is necessary to feel a mixture for the preparation of which will be required: 35 g of superphosphate, 20 g of ammonium sulfate and so the amount of ammonium nitrate, 15 g of potassium chloride. For greater fertility, it is not forgiven to make every square of the plot along the kilograms of humoring. The acidic soil is required to neutralize, pouring on M2 to one and a half kilo limestone.

Girling with lime under beet

In early May, it is necessary to start cropping, pre-robbed the earth and organizing a bed.

Landing seeds

Success largely depends on the quality of selected seeds. Remember that they should be tough and not pressed, without unpleasant odor. It is better to acquire them from proven sellers.

Before planting seeds must be prepared - soak in cold water For 20 hours or in warm literally half an hour. ATTENTION: Seeds in granules should not be soaked, since the procedure will reduce the entire effect of granulation. After they can be sent to the ground, not deep - literally by 1-2 cm.

Acceleration The germination process allows bubbling, simply speaking, soaking in water saturated with oxygen. For this purpose, a special apparatus is used, but the usual compressor for aquariums is also suitable. The procedure takes from 12 to 18 hours, at the first signs of germination of the seeds, move into well-moistened soil. The greater the gap between the seedlings, the larger the root plant, but it is not necessary to strive to grow kilogram vegetables, since their taste will not be so pleasant, like a medium-sized fruit. Optimal distance Between seeds - 5, between rows - 25 centimeters.

If the site is high groundwaterThe beds will have to raise or organize them on the ridges.

Landing sediate

The seedling market will allow to collect harvests much earlier than when sowing seeds. Choose for this purpose early varieties From what we offered above. Depending on the region of your stay, it should be sung in March-April.

A large box or tray is suitable for growing seedlings. Take care of a good drainage layer and suitable soil mixture. Distribute evenly seeds on the surface of the prepared soil, sprinkle with a small amount of land and paint. Remove into a warm place. During the germination of seeds, make sure that the soil is not overwhelmed, otherwise they rotate, it is not worth it and over.

Before falling into an open ground, shorten the central root of the seedlings by a third. So that young seedlings are strengthened, the first couple of weeks water them with a solution of humate and protect from direct sunlight. Well, when the size of the root plant is with a walnut, go to the interval of 8-10 cm between them.

Landing winter beets

There are such gardens that plant vegetable in the winter. In this case, the land needs to be at a quarter of a meter, and after each square of the site, it is supported by organichea (1/2 buckets / m2), potassium chloride and superphosphate, at the rate of 30 g per square, and post the root. The seeding rate is 2-3 grams per square meter. In the spring, when snow comes down, do not forget to easily fit the gardening of the urea.

Winter beet needs. It will protect sowing from frosts, so beholding fresh sawdust and other material suitable for this purpose.

Care for beet

Watering

When watering it is important to find golden middle. Increased humidity It threatens that the plant rotates, and the cutting is fraught with the fact that the fruits will be small.

How to determine that the root is needed water? Trying to just stick your finger in the ground, if she dried only a couple of centimeters, then refrain from watering.

Immediately after landing, it is very important not to overcoming the soil. In June, it is enough to pour a bunch for each square meter for a couple of times a week. If such a watering mode is not suitable for some reason, it is allowed to moisturize the land 2 times a month, but then no less than 6 buckets will be required for each unit area.

After irrigation, perform loosening to prevent education or destroy the soil crust already appeared, which makes it difficult to aeration of root.

Relief

Beckla seeds are inflorescences in which several pieces are located at once. That is why they germinate quite thickly. So that the roots are good sizeIt follows in the first stages of development to run out. Remote plants Some gardeners throw out, but if they are planted in another place, they will fit well.

When the first leaves appear, it is necessary to take care that the weeds do not score young shoots. Therefore, carefully ensure that weeds are not on beeturic bed. Before shooting, the tractor kerosene will help to fight with excessive vegetation (it will take about 50 grams per square meter). After use the sodium nitrate solution for this purpose. But after the beets will get strength, the grass will not harm her in any way.

Fertilizer

Beet needs B. good fertilizer, it prefers the organic and ashes, with a lack of nutrients, it grows poorly.

First portion nitrogen fertilizers It should be made after the first thinning, 10 g per m2. As soon as the tops begin to clog in the alarms, it is necessary to produce a second feeder. For this procedure, prepare a cocktail of 8 g of superphosphate and 10 g of potassium chloride for each area of \u200b\u200bthe square.

Despite the fact that the beet loves feeding, do not overdo it. In particular, the excessive amount of nitrogen fertilizers leads to the cluster of nitrates in the root.

Fighting diseases and pests

Beets are rarely sick, and pests rarely affect her. Nevertheless, you need to know the symptoms of diseases to eliminate them in a timely manner.

Among the most common diseases include:

1. Fomoz. It is manifested by brown or yellowish concentric stains on the lower leaves of the socket, then the black dots arise. The reason is the lack of boron. When listed symptoms are detected, perform feeding a brown (3 grams / m2) and irrigate with a solution for the preparation of which 1/2 teaspoon boric acid It is necessary to dilute in the bucket of cold water.
2. Churchosposition. The fact that the plant is sick, inform small blond stains on the top of the leaves and light gray raid on the bottom. Timely feeding of plants with potassium chloride helps to keep it.
3. Peronosporosis. At the beginning of the disease, a gray-violet bloom appears on the bottom of the leaves, then they wrap up, they lose color and dry dry weather, and rawly rot. To warn this ailment will help the soaking of seeds in the "early" before sowing and regular spraying of fungicides at the beginning of the growing season.
4. Cornered. Young plants are black, thinned and dying. To prevent such a buroy and loosening fertilizer do not neglect. Excellent assistant will become and.
5. Fusarious and brown rot. The lower leaves are faded, the stuffs are drawn at the base, the fruits crack and filled with a white substance - these are signs of the disease. Cause - High content of nitrogen and moisture. Effective in the struggle with a solution of boron and lime.

When the yellow rounded stains appear on the tops, it is appropriate to talk about the lack of potassium and excessive soil acidity. It will help to solve this problem, lime milk will help, for the preparation of which it is necessary to make 200 g of lime-fluffs and 80 g of potassium chloride dilute in 10 liters of water and the resulting solution to pour a plant. Red tops reports on sodium deficiency and, again, with acidic land. Sprinkle the beds ashes and sprinkle with salted water.

Subjected to beets and pest attacks, including:

• mining flies;
• medveda;
• beet fault;
• scoops;
• flea;
• shloposki.

Regular weeding will help prevent the appearance of pests. If this measure turned out to be ineffective, then the spraying of the onion husk will get rid of the Nastock. Solutions of the "spark" and "carbofos" will destroy the flies. "Swipping" of bushes ash or tobacco dust is frightened by flew. Well, the processing of cytoksibatillin or a heline will help to cope with the scoop.

Harvesting and storage

Collect the harvest is required until the first frost. Store beets are recommended at temperatures from 3 to 5 degrees. In the cellar, the basement or the earthenware of the root of the roots will lay until the summer, retaining the maximum benefit for the body.

Video: Growing beets in open soil