Septic typical soils. Installation of the Bio Cleaning Station in clay soil. References of purified

When installing septic, it is necessary to consider the following nuances:

Groundwater level and soil type.

The location of the septic places is relative to the house, well, fence.

There is a drainage from this site (ditch, drainage).

The depth on which the pipe is passed from the building.

The degree of slope area.

In absolutely ideal factors, the installation of septica can be carried out at a depth of at least 75 cm from the surface layer of the Earth, in order to protect the container from freezing in winter. For example, in some regions of Russia, the depth of the launch of the Earth in winter on low-rise is 140 cm, but in reality for the septica 75 cm will be more than enough.

Consider the installation option of the septicity with clay soil and the extremely high level of groundwater. In this case, the installation of the septic is to do so that the filtering field (drainage), made after the septic, was slightly higher than the level of water, otherwise the stock will not be very good to dissolve in the soil, and therefore, this installation of the septic will not be considered Right. Installation of septica should be made shallow and top to sprinkle the earth slightly, so that it turns out a hill. It can also be insulated with a foam, insulation, such as K-Flex-ST or its analogues. When installing the septica, it is required to boil it with concrete beams. Septica himself will almost almost always be full of water, and therefore, to prevent its asses, it is not necessary too much mass to strengthen the septicism in the soil. If the septical installation is conducted in very difficult conditions, for example, in a swamp, then the installation of septica is required using a concrete slab (septic tank in this case is mounted on the stove with metal strips), with further lowering of this design using a manipulator in the kitty.

When installed septician in clay It is very difficult to make the necessary field of dispersion, because the drainage of rubble will begin to collect all the water from the site u from rain, and therefore drainage will be in liquid and it will be bad. So, the stock can be done into the ditch, or to do a special well at the very end of the field, in order to install a drainage pump in it, with further water pumping into the wastewall.

Septic consists of one or more individual cameras. The waste liquid passes through them. Complete set of septicism, and the depth of its placement depends, first of all, on the performance of this structure and its common dimensions. It is required to put a septic tank on such a soil that is not subject to swelling and other deformations with a strong freezing or thawing.

If the cold in winter, the soil freezes significantly, then the container is placed in a sufficiently deep kittle, and its bottom should be in the unscrewing layer of soil, or on a special base in the form of a concrete pillow. The simplest septic tanks, like the system "tank" or "Triton", are usually plunged so that the thickness of the soil from the surface of the soil to the septic body was not less than half the meter.

For a normal stable operation of any cleaning structure of this type, it is extremely important that the flooded water is not found in any case, and the height of the groundwater was certainly more than one meter. If your site is drained badly, then the septic tank is stacked shallow and fall asleep in such a way as to formed a small hill with a height of about 50-70 cm. To all technological holes, it is necessary to leave free access. It is worth considering that the angle under which the fluid flows across the cameras of this septicity, must necessarily be at least 50.

In addition, for good work septica in clay or in another dense soil (heavy loam), which poorly passes water, it is necessary to install two-stage filter trenches. The first trench is equipped with a sandy-gravel pillow with a thickness of 30 cm. It takes a perforated filtering tube at a depth of about 0.5-1 m., To another trench - at a depth of 1.5-2 m.

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Many owners of country houses are interested in whether it is possible to make a septic tank on clay. The main problem with the device of the cleaning structure on this type of soil is that pre-purified wastewater after passing the septica is reset into the ground, and the clay does not pass well and filters water. However, even on clay soil, the autonomous cleaning unit can effectively and for a long time under the condition of the correct device. In our article we will look at different types of septic plates that can be made on clay soil, as well as the features of their design and choice.

To make it easier for you to understand what septic need for clay soils, it is necessary to study the features of this soil. To equip an effective sewage system, the drains after cleaning in the septic are discharged into the ground. The main feature of clay soil is bad absorbent ability. Earth absorbs fluid poorly. This leads to the fact that the wastewater remains longer in the sewage treatment.

It is important to know: sandy soil absorbs 90 liters of water per day, absorbing the ability of clay soils is 25 l / day. A pure clay absorbs even less water - 20 liters.

That is why, with a septic tank of concrete rings, plastic or metal containers, it is necessary to organize effective drainage. It can be a drainage well made of concrete rings without a bottom with a filter layer or the filtering field.

What septics can be used in clay?

If your cottage or country house is located on a plot with clay soil, then the following types of sewage treatment facilities can be used to process wastecasting from home.

Cumulative tanks . For these purposes, it is possible to use sealed plastic tanks or eurocubes. However, metal tanks made of stainless steel are suitable for clay soils. You can also make a hermetic well made of concrete rings if the EFF in the area is high. For a small private house, you can perform a brick drainage well provided with the right technology.
Cloak facilities with soil cooking . This is a fairly efficient, budgetary and simple option for a small country house built on clay soil. Well of this treatment plant can be made from concrete rings, brick or metal, that is, any material can be used for such soil.
Aggregates with biological cleaning - It is the most reliable and efficient option for clay soils suitable for a private house of any size. However, such a septic tank on the clay will have the most complex design, so its choice is to do if there is money and time on its execution.

IMPORTANT: Sewage from a country house on clay soil can be dug into a septic tank of any design. It is important to properly construct and install a sewage treatment on such a soil. At the same time, the choice should be done taking into account the productivity of the structure required by the degree of waste purification and the corve.

Cumulative capacity

If you decide to equip the sewer house using a cumulative capacity, then you need to make a hermetic design. For these purposes, you can use plastic containers, eurocubes, steel barrels or welded cubes, constructions from concrete rings or bricks.

Perform such a cleaning installation is quite easy. It is enough to dig up the pita, concrete the bottom and carry out the installation of capacities or concrete rings. However, if there is a well in your area at your site, the well is located, then use such a construction is not recommended.

Designs with soil cooking

These simple sewage treatment facilities are very similar to the accumulative tanks, but only without the bottom. The structure of the well can be made from concrete rings, brick or bottomless daughter. The bottom of the structure is equipped with a drainage layer.

To make a drain filter, you need to use geotextiles, sand and crushed stone. The thickness of the filter layer is 30-40 cm. When passing through this filter, the drains are cleaned from large fractions and fall into the soil.

If there is a well on your site nearby, this design of the cleaning structure is also not suitable. During the arrangement of this septic, you need to know the cov, because the bottom of the filter layer cannot approach the aquifer closer than 1 m.

Biological apparel aggregates

These are the most reliable and effective sewage treatment facilities that can be installed regardless of the corning. These autonomous biological cleaning stations are so effectively cleaning the drains that water can then be used for watering the garden, merge into open reservoirs or take for technical needs.

These are usually multi-chamber products, where the drains are immediately separated from the sewage to the heavy and light fractions. Then the clarified water undergo a biological processing process using bacteria (anaerobic or aerobic).

Constructive features

Since on clay soil for the sewage house can be used by any septic design, the structure of the structure will be standard. However, the main feature of clay soil is that it is a movable soil. Therefore, it is necessary to provide some features of the design of the septic.

The thing is that when, after winter cold, the soil starts to thaw, the characteristic of such soil changes somewhat and they can push the septic tank to the surface. This is especially true for soils with high sources and septic materials from lung materials. That is why, establishing a septic tank in clay, it is necessary to provide additional fixators in the soil. If the wellness of the sewage treatment will be performed from concrete rings, it is enough enough to fall asleep in the pit without fixing.

The choice of a method of fixing the septicism in the pit depends on the design of the case. If there are no protrusions on the surface of the tank, the steel cables will be more suitable. If there are hinges or protrusions on the case, then it is possible to bind the releases of the reinforcement, which will be laid in the concrete pillow at the bottom of the pit.

Also, the filtration system for septicism on the grinning ground has some features. Mounting septic tank in clay, it is better to equip double drainage, that is, two fields of filtration. At the same time, drainage should have the form of a two-stage trench, in the upper part of which the pipes will be laid, and the drainage layer is 300 mm high of the gravel.

FEATURES OF MONTAGE

To perform a more efficient septic design, it is recommended to use two cameras and filtering field. So you can avoid excessive overflow of the reservoir and at the output of the sewage facilities, get the most purified water. After you decide on the camera material, you can proceed to the digging of the pit and further work that is performed in this order:

When choosing a seat under the septicch, you can comply with the minimum recommended breaks from the residential building and drinking water sources (7 m), since the clay does not pass water well. The size of the pit for a cleaning structure should be 20 cm greater than the septic design itself.
When killy, you need to know how the clay layer ends at what depth. If he is more than three meters, then the work becomes complicated by the fact that the drainage layer will have to be performed at a considerable depth. It is also worth considering that the septic tanks are connected by overflow, so they should be located at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.
Together with the pit, dig a trench for laying the sewer pipe from the house to the cleaning structure. At the same time, the slope of the trench bottom from the house to the septica, taking into account that each meter of length is 2 cm.
Depending on the battles used, the bottom of the pit can be concreted before or after installation. If you use plastic hermetic tanks, then the bottom is concreted and reinforced before they are installed. And after installation, these tanks are attached to the maintenance of reinforcement. When using concrete rings, the bottom can be concreted after they are installed in the pit.
To perform the filter interlayer at the bottom of the second chamber, sand and crushed stone are used. First, the sand is poured and trambed with a layer of 10-15 cm layer, then a filling from a rubble with a height of 25-30 cm. If you use the filtering field, the bottom of the second chamber is also concreted, and the drains are discharged to the filtering fields.
Next, install a pipe-overflow connecting two containers. It should come out of the first chamber by 40-50 cm below the dotting of the sewer pipe. Due to this, at the bottom of the first chamber, heavy components of the drains will be seen, and pre-peeled and clarified water will fall into the second tank.
Mounted ventilation pipes from cameras.
After that, plastic containers are insulated with foam. For concrete rings, insulation is not required.
Capacities are covered with covers with hatches for cleaning.
Now they perform the backstage of the pit manually. Every 15-20 cm soil must be traaming. Luke cover should remain above the ground surface.

The filtration field is made depending on the corve on the site:

with low UGL, semi-bully filter cassettes or filters are used;
with a high CE uses surface filtering on sandy-gravel pillows.

Important: The dimensions of the filtration field are directly connected to the daily volume of the drain from the house.

One square meter of the filtration field is able to serve 0.5 cubic meters. You can purchase ready-made filtering wells based on geotextiles or execute the field with your own hands:

After pumping the soil from the field, the pipeline laying is performed from the latest septic camera to the filter field. The depth of the gasket is 70-120 cm from the surface of the Earth, but not less than 1 m to the cov.
Drainage grid is stacked at the bottom bottom. Then the layer of sand and rubble is performed. The height of the layer should be such that it rises above the inlet pipe no more than 50 mm. All pipes with holes are placed in compliance with the slope - 1 cm per meter of length.
The drainage pipeline is insulated using foam or wooden box.

You can put any septic with your own septic tank for cottages today, which you have enough time, but also tools. Before buying, it is better to calculate the approximate volume of waste, determine the type of soil, on which such a container will be installed. One of the obstacles can be such a complex soil as clay on which the installation is difficult. Therefore, choosing a septicch should be carefully. Today, several types of waste accumulation containers are used. These are overhead and underground. Overhead tanks are already extremely rarely applied, which is not only due to their non-hyphenation, but also because of a sufficiently unpleasant smell that they spread around. The most optimal is an underground septic, installed in the soil.

To improve the bottom of the pit, which is digging in the ground, two options are used:

gravel slope in the form of a drainage layer;
concrete pillow, which is considered a more preferred embodiment, especially for polymer containers.

Thusll, what types of septic tanks for the country area can be installed with their own hands, how really it is to do in clay.

Features Installation Septic in Clay

To install the sewer septic, it is necessary to consider such moments:

The degree of cleaning of sewage drain in septic is at least 60%.

soil type;
ground water level;
location of buildings, fence, residential buildings, vegetable garden, and other plans of the planned septic capacity;
the depth of the sewer pipe that will go from a residential building to septic.

It is possible to carry out such a pipe at a depth of 75 cm, while the level of freezing in winter is taken into account. For clay soil, where the level of groundwater can be quite high. It is possible to install only such a septic, the primer filtering of which will be held above the level of water running. Otherwise, suction will be bad, that is, the installation of the septic will be incorrect.

The pipe is paired shallow, on top of it just puts it with a small amount of land in such a way that a low slide was obtained.

To install your own hands in clay septic, you will have to pre-provide excellent drainage so that the container does not go into the soil. For this, not only the pit under the container is constructed, but also a discharge of dispersion, it is recommended to put a drainage pump.

The septic device, by sanitary standards, is allowed at a distance of at least 5 meters from the house.

Drive for a barrel must be made deep, but take into account the level of freezing so that the barrel simply disassembled. Septic tanks in clay is better to add up with steel channels. You need to install filter two-stage trenches. The right must have a pillow of sand and gravel with a thickness of 30 cm. It is in this trench that the filtering perforated tube is stacked, the depth of which should be from half a meter to one. To another trench of the system, the pipe should be placed on a large depth than in the first - from one and a half meters to two.

For clay, you can use not every septic tank. Consider the most preferred options.

Types of septicons for country houses

With your own hands in the country, you can arrange various types of septicists. All varieties of containers for the sewer system can be divided by different criteria. According to the principle of operation of septicities, arranged with their own hands, can be classified on:

If the site is located on the site with drinking water, then the septicch must be at least 30 meters from it.

cumulative capacities;
septic tanks for deep biological purification;
septic tanks with a system for soil filtering.

It is accepted to separate sewage containers based on materials:

brick;
monolithic and precast septic tapes from reinforced concrete;
metal in the form of barrels;
plastic modern PVC containers.

In their form and installation, septic tanks can be divided into vertical and horizontal. There is a separation by the types of cameras (surface and underground). On the principle of action of septics can be divided into:

two-chamber septic tanks that daily process wastewater;
accumulative septicities;
septic tanks with soil cooking;
with biological deep cleaning.

Cumulative septicities and with soil cooking

Concrete blocks with a bottom are sold specifically for sewage. This greatly facilitates the septic device.

Cumulative septic tanks are cesspool and accumulative containers, which are pits or special barrels. Such tanks are installed in special dug holes, a special drainage is arranged for the bottom of such holes or a concrete pillow. In the prepared pits, the drains are divided into two parts: lightweight substances, fat residues float upstairs, solid and severe are lowered to the bottom. Among the advantages it is necessary to note the ease of execution, but for operation such a septicch is inconvenient, since it needs to be often cleaned, and the smell, the source of which it is quite unpleasant;

Septic tanks with soil cooking is distinguished by the fact that it is necessary to call an assessing machine for cleaning less frequently than for the usual one. The volume of such barrels is greater, but also their strength is much higher. For the device, it is necessary to attach more forces than for the usual accumulative, and when installing in the ground, you should provide some protection tools.

For the bottom, the concrete pillow is used to fit the barrel, the chains are attached to hold the barrels in place, as in winter such a septicch is just pushed out. Yes, and when instilcing in the soil, it is necessary to envisage that the septic walls are not crushed by the soil. For such options, you can use batteries for septicists, which makes it much reduced waste cleaning frequency. The principle of operation of such a septic, which can be easily delivered with your own hands, is pretty simple: wastewater on the pipe first come into one chamber, where they are located as in a sump. Here they are divided into separate fractions. After that, the primary purified water enters another camera, where it is cleaned further under the action of anaerobic bacteria. There is a purification of 60%.

The advantage of such septicists is the ability to recycle wastewater. They are distinguished by simple service, the assessing equipment for cleaning does not apply. The disadvantage in the following: This type of septica cannot be put on clay soil, there is no possibility to ensure the necessary conditions for the bottom of the pit, and cleaning at the last stage in this case is simply impossible.

Biological deep cleaning

From home to septic, the pipe should be laid at an angle.

Such septics are considered the most modern and reliable, they allow fully cleaning wastewater, after which the water can be merged even into fish reservoirs. Here is a deep cleaning method, that is, a combined method is applied. This is not only mechanical settling of wastewater, but also chemical, biological methods of purification of water entered in septic tanks. The principle of operation of the biological septicity is as follows: The first chamber accumulates the drains, there are their separation into heavy and light fractions. After that, the purification should be cleansing with aerobic, anaerobic bacteria. Before discharge of water, purification by chemical special substances occurs.

Biological septics that are easy to arrange with their own hands differ high,

almost one hundred percent cleaning level. You can even put such devices on very heavy soils, including clay. Installation is simple, the station is ready to work for about two days. The minus is a high price. If you are going to put a septic tank in the country where you plan to live only in the summer, then there is simply no meaning in such an expensive installation.

Other options for septic tanks

Now consider the type of accumulative containers depending on which material is used for this. Plastic and fiberglass septic colors are produced by an industrial method from very durable materials. The advantages of such barrels are the fact that they are sealed, that is, do not allow flow, resistant to corrosion. From the disadvantages it should be noted that the barrels of plastic have a small mass. When installing such a septicch for the bottom, it is necessary to use a special concrete pillow to which the barrel will be mounted with chains or steel ropes. There is a high probability that the walls of the barrels will simply crushed under the severity of the soil. For such tanks, a little concreted bottom is often required to protect the walls in the same way.

There are septic capacities that are constructed from ordinary bricks, for which the masonry is applied to one brick. But such septics are applied only for small areas, where significant volumes are not planned. Although septicifs and easy to build, applying only their hands, it is simply impossible to arrange complete tightness. It is necessary to ensure the veins of the pit, its frequent cleaning.

Reinforced concrete septics can be monolithic and nationals. In the first case, a pit is done in which the formwork is installed, filled with concrete. In the second case, reinforced concrete rings are applied for wells. There is a variant at which the septic tank is condensed from a metal tank, which must be previously treated with anti-corrosion compositions.

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When installing homemade or purchased Septic, great importance is attached to high-quality soil parameters. The nature of the soil, the depth of the freezing (GP), the level of groundwater (AGB) plays. Considering that in the middle lane, the most common type of soil is clay, many countries of the country area are faced with the problem of arranging autonomous sewage. The snag is that clay and loam is distinguished by poor bandwidth - the liquid is very slow through the layers of such a soil. In turn, it entails additional costs when adjusting the drainage platform - filtering fields.

If the capacitance for settling in clay does not represent a special complexity, then the Drainage septica should pay high attention. In situations where the thickness of clay and the lining exceeds 3 meters, it is worth being prepared for full-scale earthworks. In particular, it will be necessary to replace part of the soil with rubble and sand - materials that are characterized by good bandwidth. It is also necessary to provide a small bias of the pit under the aeration field (2-3 degrees), which would be sufficient to descend the purified wastewater into the roadside trenches or on the built-in development (incomplete) platform.

In the situation under consideration, we should think about increasing the absorbing area of \u200b\u200bthe filtration field. This means that it is necessary to maximize the network of drainage pipes (do not forget about the insulation of the septica), while using a large area. Well, if the use of selection stations has a seasonal character, but in case of continuous use of the installation, the septic device must undergo some changes. In particular, it is necessary to take into account the relief of the locality and make a bet on the construction of the sewage facilities as far as possible from the house. Ideal when there is a natural reservoir on the outskirts of the site. In this case, the bias of the draining platform can be made in its direction, and then the role of the collector will play with reservoir without prejudice to ecology.

Considering the bunch of clay and thin soil, it is necessary to competently approach the installation of the septica, i.e. To seek much to ensure that most of the septic tanks are below the depth of the fruit of the soil. It is not necessary to go along the way of the deepening of the pit for tanks - it is enough to make an artificial embankment on the cleaning installation.

oseptike.ru.

Features of clay soils

It is important to know: sandy soil absorbs 90 liters of water per day, absorbing the ability of clay soils is 25 l / day. A pure clay absorbs even less water - 20 liters.

What septics can be used in clay?

If your cottage or country house is located on a plot with clay soil, then the following types of sewage treatment facilities can be used to process wastecasting from home.

Cumulative tanks. For these purposes, it is possible to use sealed plastic tanks or eurocubes. However, metal tanks made of stainless steel are suitable for clay soils. You can also make a hermetic well made of concrete rings if the EFF in the area is high. For a small private house, you can perform a brick drainage well provided with the right technology.
Cloak facilities with soil cooking. This is a fairly efficient, budgetary and simple option for a small country house built on clay soil. Well of this treatment plant can be made from concrete rings, brick or metal, that is, any material can be used for such soil.
Biological cleaning units are the most reliable and efficient option for clay soils suitable for a private house of any size. However, such a septic tank on the clay will have the most complex design, so its choice is to do if there is money and time on its execution.

IMPORTANT: Sewage from a country house on clay soil can be dug into a septic tank of any design. It is important to properly construct and install a sewage treatment on such a soil. At the same time, the choice should be done taking into account the productivity of the structure required by the degree of waste purification and the corve.

Cumulative capacity

Designs with soil cooking

Biological apparel aggregates

Constructive features

FEATURES OF MONTAGE

When choosing a seat under the septicch, you can comply with the minimum recommended breaks from the residential building and drinking water sources (7 m), since the clay does not pass water well. The size of the pit for a cleaning structure should be 20 cm greater than the septic design itself.
When killy, you need to know how the clay layer ends at what depth. If he is more than three meters, then the work becomes complicated by the fact that the drainage layer will have to be performed at a considerable depth. It is also worth considering that the septic tanks are connected by overflow, so they should be located at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other.
Together with the pit, dig a trench for laying the sewer pipe from the house to the cleaning structure. At the same time, the slope of the trench bottom from the house to the septica, taking into account that each meter of length is 2 cm.
Depending on the battles used, the bottom of the pit can be concreted before or after installation. If you use plastic hermetic tanks, then the bottom is concreted and reinforced before they are installed. And after installation, these tanks are attached to the maintenance of reinforcement. When using concrete rings, the bottom can be concreted after they are installed in the pit.
To perform the filter interlayer at the bottom of the second chamber, sand and crushed stone are used. First, the sand is poured and trambed with a layer of 10-15 cm layer, then a filling from a rubble with a height of 25-30 cm. If you use the filtering field, the bottom of the second chamber is also concreted, and the drains are discharged to the filtering fields.
Next, install a pipe-overflow connecting two containers. It should come out of the first chamber by 40-50 cm below the dotting of the sewer pipe. Due to this, at the bottom of the first chamber, heavy components of the drains will be seen, and pre-peeled and clarified water will fall into the second tank.
Mounted ventilation pipes from cameras.
After that, plastic containers are insulated with foam. For concrete rings, insulation is not required.
Capacities are covered with covers with hatches for cleaning.
Now they perform the backstage of the pit manually. Every 15-20 cm soil must be traaming. Luke cover should remain above the ground surface.

The filtration field is made depending on the corve on the site:

with low UGL, semi-bully filter cassettes or filters are used;
with a high CE uses surface filtering on sandy-gravel pillows.

Important: The dimensions of the filtration field are directly connected to the daily volume of the drain from the house.

One square meter of the filtration field is able to serve 0.5 cubic meters. You can purchase ready-made filtering wells based on geotextiles or execute the field with your own hands:

After pumping the soil from the field, the pipeline laying is performed from the latest septic camera to the filter field. The depth of the gasket is 70-120 cm from the surface of the Earth, but not less than 1 m to the cov.
Drainage grid is stacked at the bottom bottom. Then the layer of sand and rubble is performed. The height of the layer should be such that it rises above the inlet pipe no more than 50 mm. All pipes with holes are placed in compliance with the slope - 1 cm per meter of length.
The drainage pipeline is insulated using foam or wooden box.

vodakanazer.ru.

Types for installation in clay

Cumulative tanks

Most often, plastic containers are used in their quality, in particular the Eurocup of various volumes. But barrels can be installed and self-made welded stainless steel cubes. The accumulative container can be made of brick or concrete. Such septics are often found in the villages and towns. They are simply arranged: it is enough to dig the damned size, after which it is the bottom and walls to lay a brick. Or establish concrete rings with a diameter of 1 m and concreted the bottom of the pit.

For biological cleaning

They are the most reliable and modern. These products are autonomous stations of biological wastewater treatment plants that can be used to give such water that can be used for watering the garden or divert in the reservoir with fish. The principle of operation of such septicists is to separate fractions for heavy and lungs. This contributes to the construction of the station.

The main work on the cleaning of the effluents is performed by aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. The vital activity is possible only under the condition of constant air paging. The second live in Ile or soil and do not need additional stimulation. These stations can be installed on heavy soils, including clay.

With soil cooking

These are the simplest tanks for the accumulation of wastewater. They are arranged by analogy with storage tanks, but without concreting bottom. That is, you can use all the same materials: brick, concrete, plastic or iron, but at the bottom you need to arrange a drain layer. It is performed from sand and rubble. Here is the filtering of large fractions, after which the drains penetrate the clay and get better cleansing.

Such septic tanks are good because the assessing machine must be caused less often than in the case of accumulative tanks. However, in the clay soil, the process of filtering and wastewater care will be minority. Therefore, the uncleanness will have to pump up with the same regularity as in the presence of a container with a concrete bottom. Such a septicch is drawn up pretty quickly.

Montaja technology

It should be declaring that it will be used for a device of the accumulative container. In order to speed up cleaning and make it more efficient, it is recommended to build a two-chamber design with a filtering field. This will avoid overflowing the main reservoir and get the most purified stocks at the output.
The 2nd step is to determine the location of sewage receivers. Here you need to focus not only on the convenience of their placement on the site, but also on sanitary and hygienic standards. Since clay does not pass water, the risk of penetration of the effluent to the well or the well is small. Therefore, it is possible to install septic tank with their own hands at the lowest distances from points of water intake and residential premises - 7 m.
When the location of the containers will be determined, proceed to earthworks. It would be nice to ask the neighbors in advance about what depth is the border of the clay / ground. If it is located below 3 m from the soil surface, the work will complicate the need for a drainage system of a rather large depth. When digging, the kittles take into account that one container should defend from another at a distance of no more than 2 m.
After installing concrete rings, plastic cubes, or brick masonry on the walls of the holes, the drainage layer is proceeded directly in the containers themselves. To do this, make a dump of sand and rubble. For the first, a layer is 10-15 cm. For the second - 25-30 cm. If plastic barrels are used as tanks, then during their installation it is recommended to strengthen with chains or otherwise. This is necessary due to the fact that during floods and when the soil frozen is frozen, the container can squeeze out from the pit.
Both tanks need to be connected to the pipe so that it beats by 40-50 cm below the sewer pipe, which comes from the house to the main wastewater reservoir. Such a device allows you to overflow in the 2nd chamber and contributes to the separation of fractions. Heavy settles in the 1st tank.
Further, if separate containers were used as containers, they need to be insulated. You can do this with the help of foam. Such a septic tank, with their own hands insulated, will not penetrate into the strongest frosts.

Filtering field

Under clay conditions, if the groundwater level (AGB) is below 1.5 m, semi-breastned filters or filter cassettes are mounted. With a high UG, it is rationally to arrange surface filtering using gravel and sand pillows.

The dimensions of the puffy field depend on what kind of water flow consumption in the house.If the volume of waste does not exceed 0.5 m³, according to the established standards, there will be a sufficient filter area in 1m². If the daily volume of the effluent is more than 1 m³, a field of 1.5-2 m² is required. On sale there are ready-made designs of filtering wells. The price of these products is low, and the installation is easy. The role of the main filter in them is performed by geotextiles. But if you buy a ready-made design, there is no desire or opportunity, the field of cooking can be made with your own hands.

After the ground will be taken out, the pipe laying is made connecting the 2nd capacity with the filtering field. As a rule, the depth of the bookmark is 0.7-1.2 m from the surface of the soil, but not lower than 1 m from the corner. The bottom of the pit is leveled, a drainage grid is installed on it. After that, sand and rubble is dumping. The height of the pillow should be such that its top rise over the inlet pipe at least 5 cm. We should not forget that the pipes are set to the desired slope. It should be at least 1 * on 1 m. Pipes need to be insulated with a wooden box and foam.

Drainage device

Since such a soil is not capable of passing fluid well, the drainage system will be required, removing from the container to receive sewage rain and flood water. For this, not confrient, but the ring drainage. For installation of the pipeline, you will need drain. You can use purchased perforated pipes or make such independently from sewer plastic pipes with a diameter of 110 mm. Perforation is carried out by a drill with a thickness of 1.5-2 mm at a distance of 2-2.5 cm. The holes should be arranged in a chess order.

It is formed around the septicity to form a trench so that its bottom is below the ground freezing point by 20-30 cm. Next, the bottom is aligned with a slope, which should be at least 1 cm per 1 m in the direction of the accumulative well. After that, they make a drop in sand by 5-7 cm and gravel by 10-15 cm. Then, geotextiles are laid on the bottom of the trench, the pipeline is mounted inside the RVA and wrap the pipes previously laid material. After that, begins to backfill.

Feature device

Clay belongs to the rapidly suitable soils. This property is manifested with particularly evidence if it is wet, not dry. During the seasonal freezing-thawing, such a soil can easily push out a plastic or other container installed in it. Therefore, during the installation of tanks for waste, it is necessary to provide their fastening in the pit.

This can be done using metal rods, which can use corners or pipes of a small diameter. The purpose of the rods is to fix the location of the container and do not let it shift during the soil. For this purpose, the steel chains can be used, 1 end of which are firmly fixed in the soil.

For deeper detergent cleaning, two-stage trenches can be made for the filtering field. In the upper part of such a RVA, pipes are placed, along which the drains are removed, and in the bottom - the sand-gravel pillow with a thickness of up to 30 cm. Using such trenches, you can build a full-fledged filtering system and output the stocks beyond the site.

The depth of the pits should be such that the liquid in the pipes does not freeze in winter, that is, below the ground freezing point. Each pipe will be required to be perforated by analogy with the drainage, but the holes must be greater, as the liquid will be with the inclusion of small fractions. To prevent holes for the soil, each element of the pipeline is wrapped with geotextiles.

masterSeptika.ru.

Features of clays and loam

Septic for clay soil must have some structural differences from ordinary devices. To understand how the septic tank works in clay, you need to remember how ordinary sewage treatment plants work: first the drains fall into the sump, divided into light and heavy fractions, and then purified water falls into the soil, where the final doctor occurs. For the organization of soil purification, filter wells are used, in the design of which included perforated walls and drainage bottom. But the performance of such a system depends on several factors: the depths of the bookmark, the walls of the walls, the level of soil waters and the type of soil prevailing on the site.

The last indicator has to be viewed in more detail, since it depends on the efficiency of the entire design. For example, one square meter of sandy soil can doubt about 90 liters of fluid during the day.

In the soils, this volume is reduced to 50 liters, driving soils can recycle not more than 25 liters. In the case of a dense clay soil, the situation is even worse: the soil will be able to absorb less than 5 liters of water per day. That is why the septic tank on the clay is somewhat different than ordinary designs.

Device options Septic in clay

Despite the fact that the task seems unresolved, still there are methods for its solution, and for their implementation, it will not be necessary to dig a regular cesspool, which will then have to clean regularly. Regardless of the type of the prevailing soil on the site, you can create a high-quality local sewage station if all the factors affecting its performance competently take into account. Next will be described possible solutions that allow using septic tank in clay.

Filtering in clay soil

As a rule, a layer of clay soil rarely has a thickness of more than 2-3 meters. This can be seen when the well is arranged: under the upper layers of the earth's surface, sandy soils will be found, or even pure sand, which has an excellent indicator of water absorbing. In this case, the well will work much better than it could work in homogeneous soil: a water pole will create high pressure.

When choosing a suitable solution, it is worth first to study the types of soil that are on the plot. You can learn from the old-timers of this area, the neighbors recently conducted construction work, or order geological exploration. The last option will have maximum accuracy, and the meaning in the study of the geology of the site is: to make a septic tank in the clay is much easier and cheaper than to purchase a finished station of biological cleaning, which is well suited only for the most difficult situations.

Constructively septic tank on clay soil can be made as you like: can be mounted plastic, brick, reinforced concrete or concrete system. The clay soil completely does not affect the choice of material, so this question is entirely imposed on the shoulders of the homeowner, and depends on the personal preferences and the number of finances on the construction of finances.

Watering

If there is a good fertile black soil on the plot, the water purified septic can be used again to ensure watering plants. To implement such a project, you will need to make the following design: the filtering well is to be replaced with a hermetic tank to which the drainage pump is connected. This pump will ensure the flow of purified fluid into the watering system.

This septic device is well suited for cottages, but to use it in country houses, where people constantly live, inexpediently. Another disadvantage can be called a low degree of purification, as a result of which purified drains have a characteristic sealing smell. To avoid this problem, you will have to use septic with aeration.

Filtering field

Sometimes even the most dense soils demonstrate good absorbing qualities. Of course, this is not always manifested, but if the soil analysis showed that it can absorb at least a small amount of water, you can use this and increase the area of \u200b\u200babsorption. Filter fields are used to implement this idea.

The design is prepared as follows:

at first, the entire free area, designated under construction, falling asleep with rubble;
then the drains having holes at least 2 cm in diameter are stacked on it. The length of the pipeline in this case depends on the number of permanent tenants: for one person requires about 10 meters of the pipe;
next, the pipeline is falling asleep at least a 10-centimeter layer of rubble;
from above, the chernozem layer is placed on which the moisture-boring plants can be planted.

Such a solution is quite convenient: the degree of wastewater purification in this case depends little, because the smell will not be able to go out. In addition, if the depth of the pipe laying is more than 40 cm, then the sewage can be used even in winter, since the pipeline will not be freezed. The lack of construction lies in the impossibility of its use on the soils that absolutely non-flowing water.

Reset to the canvas

In the case of absolutely not absorbing moisture soils, you can dump the stocks directly to the site or in a special ditch. Naturally, such a system implies maximum waste purification (from 95%) and no smell. To implement the design, it is best to use high-dependent septic septicities using aeration.

Such treatment facilities work on similar principles:

the first tank is constantly air, which maintains the vital activity of aerobic bacteria, decomposing organic substances entering septic;
passing the aeration stage, wastewater falls into the following compartment, where Il goes on the bottom and is transferred to the first container using the compressor;
the final cleaning is carried out in the third chamber, from which purified water is pumped up with the pump and falls into the ditch or to a large plot from which it will be able to evaporate.

Conclusion

As can be seen from this article, septic tank in clay soil is not a big problem. The main thing is to correctly deal with the characteristics of the site and choose the most appropriate design, the most appropriate situation.

kanalizaciyadoma.com.

Installation of local sewage sewage treatment systems (septicists) is often complicated by mining and geological conditions (the composition of the soil) and a high level of groundwater.

These reasons create problems with discharge of purified wastewater in the ground. The most difficult way to mount a septic tank on a clay with a minimum liquid filtering coefficient.

The main problem at this stage is associated with the fact that almost all clays (90%) refer to soils prone to frosty bent. It is because of this reason that it is possible to extrude the installation on the surface, so it is necessary to resort to an additional fastening of the local sewage treatment plant during the installation process. Most often for this use the so-called bandage from steel strips or cables, which is sisted septic and is attached to a concrete base in the pit.

Given that on clay soils, drainage systems (filtering fields) in many cases operate only in the upper layers of the soil, have to resort to a shallow downtill septic.

At the same time, it is necessary to provide measures to insulate the design:

Warming septicity glass gamble

In the simplest case, they resort to the extraction of an additional layer of soil above the relief (form a borger over the installation site of the septica).
More efficient is the insulation of the treatment plant with special heat insulating materials, the choice of which is quite wide. The most affordable (in price) method is the dumping of the container with a clay. The use of polystyrene foam (preferably extruded) or polyurethane is considered more effective. In addition, actively protecting systems from the effects of negative temperatures were increasingly used. To do this, we use the heating electrical cable, the thermal power of which will reliably protect the septic tank from moving even in harsh climatic conditions.

References of purified

The main problem for those who decided to arrange a system of autonomous sewage and mounted septic tank in clay soil, lies in the complexity of the discharge of purified wastewater. Such a soil is characterized by a minimum filtering ability, which creates a number of sometimes difficult problems.

There are several basic ways to remove purified wastewater from the Septic in such conditions.

It is used if the ground is absolutely not taking water. In this case, the entire volume of purified wastewater enters the hermetic container or well, from which it is already pumped up with the assistant equipment or drainage pumps.

The disadvantages of such a method include the need for a large amount of capacity, otherwise the pumping will have to be performed very often. But if there is no other output, it is necessary to apply this technology.

Equipment of drainage area

There are several varieties of this technology, but they all reduce the need to increase the filtration area, so that even with the minimum drainage ability of the soil ensure the removal of the required volume of purified waste.

The device of a number of successive drainage wells, and it is necessary to apply the rings of the maximum possible diameter.

In practice, systems are used from two or three overflow drainage wells, which will be able to provide the needs of a family of 3-4 people.

To increase the filtering ability of the wells, resort to the drilling of additional drainage wells. This method allows in some cases to achieve the filtering horizons of the soil, which will help to significantly increase the productivity of the structure. Bounded wells must be protected using casing pipes, and in their mouth, install the simplest mesh filter, which will prevent the adequate drainage.

Install septic tank in clay do it yourself It is possible with a device for filtering fields of significant area. This method is used at a high CE (groundwater level).

The most productive is a drainage system with the use of corrugated plastic pipes and geotextiles. The pipes of this type are distinguished by increased strength, they are able to provide an effective discharge of purified wastewater. And geotextile prevents the system.

To increase the efficiency of the filtration field, the layer of two-level drainage is often used. In this case, a series of lines (drada) is laid near the surface, and the main part is plunged as much as the groundwater level allows.

The laying of the filter lines is carried out in pre-prepared trenches that are covered with geotextile web. On the submission of granite rubble (it is not recommended to use another due to the tendency to erosion) with a thickness of at least 20 cm, drainage pipes are stacked. From above, they are also closed with a layer of rubble, which can significantly increase the volume of drains of wastewater. The entire system obtained is closed by geotextile, which will ensure the durability of the line.

To ensure the filtering of the effluent in the conditions of clay soil, it is necessary to lay significant filtering field on the area.

Of course, the installation of septicists in clay involves a significant increase in the volume of work performed during installation. But to ensure the effective operation of the installations of local wastewater treatment, even in such conditions is quite possible.

Such a soil refers to the category of problematic and is considered "heavy", and not only in direct, but also in the figurative sense. Earthworks leading in areas with clay soil are characterized by their specificity. What is it expressed in relation to the installation of the biocoom station?

Local facilities of this category can be installed on any soil. And this is one of the advantages of such septicities for autonomous sewerage. However, there is a moment that takes into account not by all the owners of the plots, which in the desire to save the whole cycle of events to do independently. Installation of the bio cleaning station is made on clay soils only after a number of engineering calculations. Therefore, to invite a specialist (at least for professional advice) - more than a rational decision. Otherwise, in the process of exploitation of deep cleaning, such problems may arise that they can not cope with them with them.

So what is the features of clay soil? The main complexity is in minimal absorbing fluid due to the increased density of the Earth. What does this mean in practice?

The discharge of the lighted liquid must be forcibly. On clay soils, natural reset to organize is inappropriate. Or rather - it is impossible. Consequently, even when the model is selected, this nuance is needed to take into account this nuance.
Groundwater are high enough. Since the installation of the station needs to be prepared, it may arise a problem with its constant flooding. Even when organizing forced drainage, it is hardly solved to solve it hardly.
On clay soil any septic tank, including the station, does not fit on a significant depth. This means that the additional insulation of the case will be needed. For most of the regions of the Russian Federation - the topic is more than relevant, if you consider how low the thermometer falls in the winter. In relation to the biocostect station, the complexity is also in the fact that for normal life of the bacteria they need to ensure the most favorable conditions. Consequently, and on this item it is necessary to calculate everything competently - the type of thermal insulator, the thickness of the layer, the method of its laying.