How to fill the columns. Making concrete columns with your own hands: preparation, pouring, dismantling. Pouring concrete columns with your own hands

In modern monolithic construction columns are used quite often. In many projects multi-storey buildings they are not only decorative architectural elements but also the main supporting structures the whole building. This allows you to build premises on the next floor without repeating the plan of the previous one. To ensure the strength and durability of such monolithic structures, the column formwork must be performed reliably and efficiently.

Varieties of columns and formwork for their arrangement

By geometric shape cross-sections, all columns are subdivided into:

• round (cylindrical);
• square or rectangular;
• multifaceted;
• curly.

The most widespread are the columns of the first two types. The last two categories are used mainly for the restoration of buildings or decorative purposes.

According to the number of cycles of use, the formwork for arranging the columns is divided into:

• disposable;
• reusable.

Depending on the material of manufacture, the formwork is:

• wooden;
• plastic;
• metal;
• cardboard;
• combined.

Cylindrical Column Formwork

Round column formwork can be either disposable or reusable.

Today, cardboard pipes are often used as disposable formwork for round columns. In their manufacture, paper tape is used, a special adhesive composition and polymer material(for waterproofing). This column formwork is available with inner diameter from 150 to 1200 mm. Its installation is quite simple: the pipe is simply put on the reinforcing cage, then the support rings are installed, to which the spacer struts are attached (to give stability and vertical alignment). For quick dismantling of such products during their manufacture, a special metal wire is pressed in along the entire length of the pipe, pulling on which the cardboard is cut along its entire length, and then it is easily separated from the hardened concrete.

On a note! It is advisable to dismantle the cardboard pipe just before the end of construction. This will protect the support from technological damage.

Disposable cardboard column formwork has a number of undoubted advantages:

• low cost;
• ease of installation and dismantling;
• when using it, the surface of the concrete support is of high quality;
• light weight;
• high strength.

As non-removable elements round section use pipes (metal, asbestos-cement or plastic). Such after solidification concrete mortar remains an integral part of the column structure.

Attention! Using metal pipes their surface must be treated with an anti-corrosion compound.

The reusable round formwork consists of metal or plastic half pipes that are assembled around reinforcement cage columns using special quick-release locks. Plastic formwork of columns has less adhesion to concrete than metal (this provides ease of dismantling), but less strength.

Formwork for square and rectangular columns

This type of column is most widely used in both industrial and individual construction.

The most common type of removable formwork for arranging such columns is a large-panel formwork system. Universal panels (their dimensions: width - 0.4 ÷ 1.2 m, height - 1.0 ÷ 3.3 m) allow you to quickly mount the formwork for square columns (the cross-section of which is from 0.2 - 0.2 m to 1, 0⨯1.0 m).

Longitudinal technological holes for fasteners (pins) allow you to create rectangular formwork. One column requires: shields (4 pieces, assembled into a "mill"), pivots with special tightening nuts (for a column about 3 meters high, as a rule, 16 sets are sufficient) and slopes (at least 2 two-level support ones).

The popularity of such a system is due to:

• simplicity and high speed of assembly and disassembly;
• the possibility of forming the section of the column in accordance with the requirements of the project;
• durability (from 80 to 200 concreting cycles, depending on the manufacturer and the material of the panels).

Another common in modern construction type of formwork system during the construction of columns - girder-transom. The main elements of such a structure are formwork plates, steel girders, beams different sizes and fasteners. This type of formwork system can be easily adapted to create columns with square, rectangular and even octagonal sections. Such steel column formwork has the greatest strength and durability compared to other materials ( laminated chipboard, plastic or boards made of boards and plywood).

Self-production of formwork during the construction of columns

In the manufacture of formwork for monolithic columns with your own hands, you can use several methods.

The easiest way (but rather laborious) for making a formwork frame for columns of a square or rectangular cross-section:

• We make from boards (25 mm thick and equal to the height of the column) using nails and self-tapping screws U-shaped design With internal dimensions corresponding to the section of the future column.
• We make a shield from the same boards, which will later be the fourth side of the formwork frame.
• We install the U-shaped structure to the reinforcing cage and attach a board made of boards to it.
• We align the formwork vertically using a level, and fix it with stops made of boards or bars.
• To give the structure additional strength, we tighten it with additional bars and studs with nuts.
• Now you can start pouring the concrete mixture.

The video will help you understand the above-described technology for manufacturing the formwork of square columns:

Another way for self-made is largely similar to the previous one. Instead of boards for the manufacture of formwork (preferably moisture resistant, 12 mm thick) and wooden blocks... We use reinforcing bars and quick-clamping spring locks (clips) as tightening elements. For vertical alignment, you can use rented telescopic stands.

On a note! It is advisable to apply the above methods if it is necessary to make a small number of columns (3÷ 4 pieces). Otherwise, the cost of materials and hardware for the manufacture of formwork will be quite high. If you need to build 10÷ 12 columns (for example, for a large glazed terrace or veranda), then the column formwork on universal panels, rented (the cost of renting one set, which includes: 4 panels, 2 two-level telescopic slopes, a set of necessary fasteners, will be about 7,500 rubles per month). And since the stripping of the column can be done within 48 hours after pouring the concrete solution, then for the paid month you can easily make required amount columns.

In custody

The final choice of one or another type of formwork for the manufacture of columns depends on their number, section size and height. Of course, only high-tech professional formwork systems are used for the construction of bridge supports or flyovers. And for the construction of several not very high columns with individual construction, you can completely get by with a form made from scrap materials. The main thing is that it strictly corresponds to the geometry of the future column and can withstand the pressure of the concrete solution without deformation.

Monolithic columns - part of the building, vertical load-bearing elements. The columns are supported balconies, terraces, ceilings... Besides the main functions, the columns are decorative element, decorate entrance group buildings and facade.

Columns receive and transmit the load from the upstream elements to the foundation of the structure. Reinforced concrete pillars connect the structure, serve as a support for the floors.

The architectural term "column" refers directly to to the middle part, support pillar ... The protrusions at the top of the post for supporting floors or crossbars are called capitals or consoles... Sometimes there is a sub-column, a glass for attaching to a columnar foundation.

Types and types

Concrete columns are subdivided by section type, production method.

By the type of section, they are subdivided square, round or rectangular shape.

According to the method of production, they are classified prefabricated elements delivered to the site by ready-made structures or being built on construction site, monolithic columns.

Features of the device of monolithic columns

Before the production of work, prepare the site, necessary materials, tools, constructions. The site is marked out.

Then they go directly to construction:

• collect the formwork;
• mount the reinforcing cage;
• concrete mixture is poured;
• carry out concrete care procedures;
• withstand time for the mixture to cure;
• unroll constructs.

Monolithic reinforced concrete columns calculated at the design stage... The section and shape of the column, the diameter of the reinforcement, the type of used will depend on the amount of the planned load, including the dead weight of the element.

Important! Deficiencies in installation and miscalculations lead to the destruction of the structure. With a lack of section, deformation occurs buckling, the column bends under load.

Preparation of tools and materials

The need for materials and tools is determined at the stage of preparation for work. Of the tools you will need:

• metal square, a level for checking the vertical and horizontal surfaces;
• steel bar, will help release the air;
• screwdriver for fastening the formwork;
• vibrator thickens the mixture;
• prefabricated formwork from shields, props.

The concrete mix is ​​delivered to the construction site in finished form or mixed immediately before laying with a concrete mixer. For preparation, take one part of cement, add two parts of sand, mix with two parts of crushed stone and two parts of gravel. By mixing the dry mixture with water, plastic concrete of a homogeneous consistency is achieved.

In addition to the concrete mix, the following materials are required:

• nails, screws for fastening the formwork;
• reinforcing bars of the design section and length;
• steel wire;

Formwork installation

The formwork is installed in the design position. Shields are vertically aligned and reinforced with struts, wooden struts... The braces are anchored with support blocks in two directions to prevent shearing.

When concreting a tall column, the formwork installation process is somewhat different from the usual one. Three sides of the form are assembled, and the fourth face is closed as the formwork is filled with concrete.

Reinforcement

By tying rods together, they get rigid volumetric frame to strengthen concrete. The number of longitudinal rods in the frame is 4-6 pcs. For a square section, four rods at the corners of the element are enough, for rectangular the long side is further reinforced. Cross-linking of reinforcement is used when arranging columns up to 2 meters long.

A frame exceeding a length of 2 m is tied with short rods across, with a step of 20-50 cm, taken when calculating according to the planned load.

The capitals are reinforced with reinforcing mesh.

The thickness of the mesh rod is taken from 15 mm, the cell size is 10 x 10 cm.

The reinforcement of the sub-column is carried out by laying the mesh in each step, the size and number of the mesh is taken from the project.

Concreting

After the installation of the formwork and the reinforcing cage, they proceed to concreting, which produce layer by layer, in layers with a thickness of 0.3-0.5 m, preventing the setting of the previous layer. Do not add 50-70 mm mortar to the top of the formwork.

For shrinkage of concrete in columns above 5 meters, suit technological breaks from 40 minutes to 2 hours.

With mechanized feeding of ready-mixed concrete, the feed rate is reduced to avoid delamination. Air is released from the mixture with steel rods, concrete compacted with hand vibrators... In places inaccessible to the vibrator, concrete is compacted manually, by careful bayonetting.

Upon completion of work, produce seasonal care behind the concrete.

Dismantling the formwork

Duration of concrete set to 100% of working strength is 28 calendar days... The indicator may vary from environmental conditions - temperature, humidity, complex of care works. The average period of standing of monolithic columns before stripping is 7-10 days in summer. This period allows the corners and side faces to form.

note

In residential construction, concrete columns are used as supports concrete slabs upper tiers. When properly filled, they are capable of for a long time withstand significant loads. Do-it-yourself concrete column pouring technology does not imply the use of complex equipment. It is important to follow the basic rules for the installation of formwork, reinforcement and casting. This will be discussed further.

Formwork is distinguished by three characteristics:

• by design features: there are removable and non-removable, the latter remain part of the column;
• in shape: can be square, rectangular, round, oval, multifaceted;
• by material of manufacture.

The last characteristic should be described in more detail.

Plastic formwork is assembled from individual elements

1. Formwork made of metal can be angular, panel and beam-transom. Differs in reliability and allows to increase work productivity. The disadvantage is that it is heavy, and therefore it will be difficult to fill the columns with your own hands.
2. Plastic formwork is lightweight and easy to clean of concrete. Requires careful handling (plastic is a fragile material).
3. Wooden: the most convenient for those who cast concrete columns with their own hands. Collected from plywood, OSB boards, boards, beams. For its construction, you will need tools and devices for working with wood. The technology does not allow casting round and oval columns.
4. Cardboard: the cheapest formwork, comparable in performance to plastic. Can only be used once.

Cardboard formwork is dismantled after the concrete has hardened

Important: making concrete columns with your own hands using metal formwork is almost impossible, since it requires the use of lifting equipment.

Column pour volume calculation

For pouring a column, it is important to know exactly how much concrete is needed. Filling must be done in one step, otherwise the strength of the structure will be reduced. Ordering excess concrete is a waste of money. Calculation of the amount of concrete mix consists of the following steps.

• We calculate the volume of the column (circular section) according to the formula V = πr 2 h, where:
• Determine the diameter and height of the column using a tape measure.

π = 3.14 (constant), r - column radius, h - column height. To calculate rectangular and square columns in cross-section, we use the formula V = abc, where a is the height, b is the depth and c is the width. In the case of columns with polygonal, oval and other structures complex shape height multiplied by area cross section... It is important that all parameters are indicated in SI units of the same dimension (in meters).

• We add to the obtained 10%, taking into account the possible losses of the concrete mixture at each stage of the work. In case of construction reinforced concrete column there is no need to compensate for losses due to the small volume of reinforcing elements.

Girder and girder formwork installation technology

Girder-girder formwork is the ideal form for do-it-yourself concrete columns. It provides a high-quality surface and can be used to erect columns with a cross-section of any configuration. The installation of the formwork is carried out in stages.

Column girder formwork

1. The flooring is made of beams and slab material(plywood or OSB). The flooring is required for assembly work.
2. Observing the distance corresponding technical specifications, crossbars are placed on the flooring.
3. Formwork beams made of wooden beams are installed across the girders. Fastening is done with clamps (clamps).
4. Lay on top of the beams sheet material and fasten it with self-tapping screws.
5. The rigidity of the structure is provided by means of beams that are attached to wooden beams(to the bottom ends).
6. Holes are drilled along the edges of the sheets for tie screws.
7. The shields are connected to each other with clamping screws.

Note: in order to make the formwork for a round column, a special hinge insert is installed between the panels. Formwork for columns of high heights is assembled from formwork, connected by overlays.

How to make cardboard formwork

Do-it-yourself formwork for concrete columns is made of thick cardboard and chain-link. Mesh quantity (in square meters) is determined by the formula S = 2 πrh. Further actions consist of the following stages.

1. Taking into account the size of the column, the frame is folded from the chain-link mesh. Cardboard is laid inside the frame and the contour of the column is formed.
2. Supports are installed to fix the shape of the structure.
3. Concrete mix is ​​poured.
4. Dismantle the chain-link after the concrete has hardened (after 28 days) and remove the cardboard.

Formwork from boards and beams

A do-it-yourself concrete column in the field of cottage construction is most often constructed using plywood formwork, beams and boards. The peculiarity of the material allows you to create columns of a square, rectangular, less often - a polygonal section. In this case, the following rules should be observed.

Wooden formwork boards are supported by slopes

1. The thickness of the boards used must not be less than 20 mm. Minimum thickness OSB boards and plywood - 16 mm.
2. Knowing the dimensions of the column, the shields are assembled, which are then combined into a single structure. Shields are reinforced with diagonal beams.
3. Shield connections are made with self-tapping screws.
4. The inner walls of the wooden formwork are covered with waterproofing (roofing material, polyethylene).
5. The formwork is dismantled after complete hardening of the concrete.

Stages of installation of formwork from wooden panels

Column reinforcement: basic principles

A concrete column can be quite strong when properly reinforced. For this, reinforcement with a diameter of at least 10 mm is used. The reinforcement pins are installed along the perimeter of the formwork (in the middle of it) at a distance of at least 10 mm from the walls. Horizontal elements are laid and fastened every 0.5 m. Fastening is done by welding and tying wire.

Formwork reinforcement with vertical and horizontal elements

At the end of the article - do-it-yourself installation of concrete columns (video clearly demonstrating the main stages of work).

Columns are load-bearing engineering structures which provide the structure with vertical strength and rigidity. Depending on the generated level of bearing capacity and the manufacturing method, today several types of columns are being built: metal, prefabricated and monolithic. As one of the main methods of erecting a column structure, concrete pouring of columns is considered the most common.

Column erection helps to shorten construction time.

Therefore, the most popular, cost-effective and often used in self-construction are monolithic columns. Merits metal racks and monolithic columns are considered their very fast erection, which reduces the construction time.

Process features

Metal columns are installed using special equipment.

At the extreme corners of the house (in places of least load), columns can be made of steel square pipes With general section within 150 mm, which are connected to the base and ceiling surface using anchors.

The only drawback of using this type of columns is their rather complicated installation (using a crane). This is not always advisable when self-installation and concreting of columns.

Small in area can also act as columns brick walls... On verandas and porches, you can use rounded log columns or timber... On the concrete base they are fixed by installation in steel glasses pre-fixed with anchors, followed by concreting.

The most important columnar structures in a house are the columns located in the central part of the building.

Laying concrete in columns: a - up to 5 m; more than 5 m high; c - with dense reinforcement; d - formwork scheme with a removable board; 1 - formwork; 2- clamp; 3- tub; 4- vibrator with flexible shaft; 5 - receiving funnel; 6-link trunk; 7- hinged vibrator; 8, 9- pockets; 10- removable shield.

In most cases, columns of a certain (design) section with a metal reinforced frame are made here, which are cast from concrete using inventory formwork.

Pouring concrete columns is a responsible event that requires certain knowledge and skills of the contractor. Ideally, the concrete should be poured into the columns in one go to avoid the appearance of intermediate cold joints.

In doing so, it is important to ensure that cold seam the columns had a strictly horizontal position. Otherwise, the column will be subject to destruction.

List of instruments

To efficiently fill the columns with concrete, you will need the following set of tools and construction equipment:

A concrete pump is required when erecting columns.

• corner with a right angle;
• wooden struts with stakes;
• level (you can use water);
• screws (if possible using a screwdriver) and nails;
• hammer (sledgehammer);
• metal wire;
• reinforced bars (or mesh);
• boards with the maximum width (for creating formwork panels);
• external or internal vibrators (or concrete pump), which, if necessary, can be replaced with a metal bar;
• roulette;
• concrete mixer (or any equipment for mixing concrete mortar);
• anchor bolts;
• various types of clamps;
• metal rod.

Construction stages

Pouring the columns with concrete implies the following construction stages

Column formwork: shield, anchor, brace.

Reinforcement works

When arranging columns, the installation of vertical reinforcement with an average diameter of 12 mm or more is usually used, consisting of 4 main bayonets (rods) placed in the shape of a square (at its main corners). For the convenience of installing the reinforcement of columns with a height of more than 3 m, it is necessary to equip a scaffold with a flooring more than 1 m wide with fences within 0.8 m in height every 2 m in height. The frame bases of the columns can be assembled in different ways.

At small size, the volume and weight of the column frame can be installed in the future formwork box, which is done manually by tilting finished structure frame. If the diameter of the reinforcement is not more than 16-20 mm and it is quite heavy, then it would be more expedient to first assemble the base of the frame, and then knit it in place, installing separate rods. When placing the finished frame of the columns and its further unfastening, all kinds of supports and boards are used.

During the ligament (or welding) work on the installation of the vertical frames of the columns, it is advisable not to stand on their rods. The reinforcing rods are fastened together with special clamps (metal wire) at a certain distance from each other, which is usually 40 cm.

Formwork installation

In normal cases, a formwork box is assembled with the required internal dimensions (for example, 25x25 cm). It should be fastened very carefully. The formwork is mounted on 4 sides of the prepared reinforced column.

Wooden struts are installed with stakes on all sides of the column. With high column dimensions, the formwork is assembled from 3 sides, and the remaining side is built up during the concreting process. The box of the formwork structure (made of boards, plywood, etc.) must be leveled and fixed with screws to hold the concrete solution inside. With the help of a corner, the correspondence of right angles is checked.

Concreting

Has its own nuances. When casting columns, one of the main parameters is considered. For standard monolithic columns, concrete with a mobility P2-P3 is used, and when pouring columns of densely reinforced structures, it is advisable to use concrete with a mobility value of P4 or higher. This type of concrete mix is ​​also called cast concrete. This kind concrete quite well tolerates the process of placing in the formwork, even without the involvement of various vibrators and concrete pumps. When conducting

Columns in the building structure perform as decorative function as well as practical - they are an important supporting element of the building. And since, by default, it is assumed that the supports will be heavily loaded, then naturally they should be made in maximum compliance with all existing norms and rules.

In this article we will talk about how concrete columns are poured correctly, what is important to consider here and what to do is strongly discouraged.

Let's start by looking at the classification of these concrete products and the requirements for them.

Types of products

These designs are divided primarily into the following main categories:

1. Round;
2. Rectangular;
3. Square.

In addition, there are differences in production technology.

Column type:	Specifications:
1. National teams.	These are structures that are manufactured in factories, and then delivered to the site and installed at the desired points. The advantage of such concrete products is that the price for them is quite attractive, and besides, it is guaranteed high speed works at the facility. Mainly due to the fact that you do not need to wait for the working mixture to dry.
2. Monolithic.	Everything is clear from the name - these pillars are poured right on the spot, into a previously prepared formwork. The advantage of this technology is that maximum control over the quality of the filling is possible. The disadvantage here can be called a long production time, because the base has to be made, and the formwork, and the frame made of metal. In addition, then you will still need to wait until the mixture hardens.

Separately, it is worth considering the classification of ready-made concrete products of this type - all data are provided in the table below.

Marking type	Decryption
T1	The support is used to fix concrete consoles that are perpendicular to the main columns.
C1	As a rule, such concrete products are used for the installation of lattice ties.
C1	Designed for the installation of flights of stairs, which have 3 flights.
L	They are made for a bundle of stairs with two flights.
P	Columns are used where supports for the crossbar are required. Moreover, the product is placed at those points where there is a turn of the common frame.
SS and C	The first marking means that the support has several faces (2-4), which provide reliable fastening stiffening walls. And the second type of product is made to fix various panels that are in contact with the stiffening walls.
T	T-columns are used at the ends of buildings enclosing panels.

Based on these parameters, you need to choose ready-made prefabricated columns.

Since the installation finished products We will not consider, but we will talk about the device of monolithic supports in detail, then it is worthwhile to understand the requirements for such supports.

Requirements for what should be easily predictable, the mass should be plastic, and solid when solidified.

On the indicator, as well as the characteristics of the reinforcement used.

In particular, the metal must have the following properties:

1. Good weldability;
2. Low likelihood of corrosion;
3. Fatigue strength;
4. An excellent level of adhesion to the structure of the concrete mass.

And of course, for the production of concrete columns to be successful, it is necessary to take into account all the accompanying factors:

1. Number of storeys of the object on which the supports are installed;
2. Purpose of the object- after all, the level of the future load on the columns directly depends on this;
3. Type of soil at the facility;
4. Climatic features of the region where construction is underway.

Advice: in order to make a truly high-quality reinforced concrete support, you should familiarize yourself with the information contained in GOST 23009-78, 18979-90, 25628-90 and 23899-79. In these documents you can find general information O correct manufacture Concrete goods and columns in particular.

In principle, we have finished with the overview of the products, you can proceed directly to their assembly and pouring.

So a short step-by-step instruction for the installation of supports for buildings.

Diy monolithic supports

Before you start, it's worth noting one important point- we will consider the simplest assembly method, which you can easily implement yourself. When building a private house, for example.

Publish software review self-fill pillars for the construction of a plant does not make sense, you must agree. At least because it is still impossible to cope with such an object alone - you will have to attract a lot of highly qualified specialists who themselves know how to perform such tasks.

Preparatory work and base arrangement

In principle, the preparation here consists mainly in the fact that it is necessary to free up all the space around the future supports so that it is possible to quickly and efficiently assemble the formwork.

But with the foundation, everything is more complicated. At least because there are situations when the pillar needs to be installed on a floor slab or an ordinary screed - in this case, the foundation is almost always impossible to organize.

They usually do this - they make supports with a so-called concrete heel, at the corners of which there are holes for bolts. With these bolts, the heel is attached to the horizontal base, due to which the vertical of the post is held.

Note! Pouring the columns with concrete using this technology automatically implies that the floor slab or floor has a very high level strength. If, for example, the screed is thin, and there is loose soil under it, then, of course, the support will not stand firmly. Therefore, be sure to consider all the features of a particular object.

Now let's figure out how to install the support on the foundation.

If it is possible to go deeper into the ground and pour the base, then the order of its arrangement should be something like this:

1. A hole is dug in the ground with a side width of a meter by a meter and a depth of one meter too (adjusted for the depth of soil freezing).
2. Crushed stone is poured to the bottom, which is then rammed.
3. The walls and bottom of the pit are closed with roofing felt - this will be a waterproofing layer, due to the presence of which the column foundation will last an order of magnitude longer.
4. On the plane of roofing material, at the bottom is going horizontal frame from fittings. Vertical rods of metal are attached to this frame, which, as it were, go up (above ground level) from the center of the pit.

1. The bottom is filled with concrete. The layer thickness should be about 15-20 centimeters.
2. After the mass hardens, a formwork is made of galvanized steel in the form of a cylinder, which is placed on the bottom so that the vertical rods are in its center. The cylinder diameter should be equal to the diameter of the future column. Deviation in big side, but not less.
3. The inside of the cylinder is poured concrete mix, and the entire space between the galvanized steel and the ground is covered with earth.

As you can see, the result is a kind of concrete "heel" that neither sags nor tilts - it is held back by the weight of the soil around the cylinder.

Please note that the formwork in the form of a cylinder is given as an example - if the column is rectangular or square, then the formwork, respectively, can be made the same. That is, not from flexible materials, but, for example, from wood.

If the foundation is ready and metal rods protrude vertically from it, then you can start directly making columns from concrete.

Assembling the metal base and installing the sides

In fact, all the work that is performed before pouring the main amount of the mixture is installation metal frame columns and formwork.

The frame is assembled from thick reinforcement, and the formwork can consist of, for example, the following materials:

• From wooden boards and boards;
• From galvanized sheets;
• Plastic, etc.

It is important here that the formwork is as even as possible, so that later the plane or the shape of the columns does not have to be cut, leveled or extended with plaster. If it turns out unevenly, it will not bring much trouble, but fuss with finishing will definitely be added.

As illustrative example consider the most difficult formwork option - for round-shaped supports.

A frame and edging are made like this:

1. The longest reinforcement is tied to the rods that protrude from the foundation with steel wire (also vertically). It is necessary to do everything so that the vertical line as a result consists of several parallel rods. In this case, the metal cannot be placed end-to-end to each other - between the lines there must be a distance of 5 centimeters at least.

Important! Keep in mind that the reinforcement should pass at approximately the same distance from the center of the future column and from its edges - this directly affects bearing capacity products. If this is not done, then it turns out that the central axis is strong, and the edges are weak, or vice versa.

1. When the frame is assembled the desired height, the reinforcement is, as it were, wrapped in sheets of galvanized steel, which are stacked on top of each other. In this case, before installing the upper "cylinder" - spacers are installed inside the lower one, due to which the lines of the metal frame are, as it were, fixed in one place at the required distance from the edges of the formwork.

In principle, it is allowed to assemble not all of the formwork at once. That is, you can first put one section, fill it, and after the initial setting of the mixture, mount the next level.

There is one difficult moment here - pouring means, as a rule, that a liquid mixture, which weighs a lot, will be pressed onto the formwork for some time. And this means that galvanized sheets can "lead", which will lead to deformation of the shape of the column. Therefore, try to fasten the sheets "conscientiously".

If the frame is assembled and the formwork is installed, then concrete is poured into its internal space. After it dries, the sides are removed and the support, in fact, is ready for further finishing.

This concludes our review. Now let's summarize.

Conclusion

We figured out in detail the classification of columns and in what ways they can be made. In addition, we considered in what sequence and how do-it-yourself concrete columns are poured. We hope that the information will be useful to you in practice.

Well, if you want to know even more, then we sincerely advise you to watch the additional video in this article.