Do-it-yourself kitchen wall repair step by step. We do our own kitchen renovation with the help of expert advice. Video: transformation of a small kitchen

How to start a kitchen renovation when doing it yourself? The sequence of work, a well-designed project and a convenient layout are important.

A tidy cozy kitchen, where it smells pleasantly of familiar favorite dishes, attracts all family members. To make this important room stylish, comfortable and beautiful - such a task sooner or later confronts every owner of a house or apartment. Where to start repairing the kitchen with your own hands, what will be needed for this, what work and in what order will need to be done? By resolving these issues, everyone will be able to more confidently take on the realization of their dreams.

Everything starts with a project

To an idea new kitchen began to take on material outlines, a three-dimensional drawing is needed. It should depict everything that will be in the kitchen, indicating the volumetric parameters of each item. First of all, we measure the stove, sink and furniture, noting the location and dimensions of the pipes, window sill, vent and sockets in the kitchen. Next, you need to measure everything - kitchen appliances that have opening parts are measured both in the closed and in the open state. Then you need to correctly place it all on the drawing.

If you plan to buy a new kitchen furniture, it must first be combined with a sink, stove and built-in appliances, and then calculate the number of required outlets and mark their locations.

Common planning mistakes

Any minor oversight made at the kitchen planning stage can cause a lot of inconvenience. As practice shows, most often the following mistakes are made in kitchen projects:

Excessive length of the work surface - typical for large kitchens, it ends with "marathons" from one end of the kitchen to the other during the cooking process.
Protruding handles - reduce the course of the corner cabinet door, due to which the drawers do not fully extend.
Narrow aisles - in order to move freely around the kitchen, you need to take into account the length of the drawers in the project and add a place for a person to pass to it.
Marble work surfaces and floors in the kitchen. Marble is a porous material from which it is impossible to remove deeply penetrated dirt.
Corian is the most durable and strong material, but scratches and stains also remain on it, and it will not be possible to restore it with improvised means.
Mosaic cladding - do not use this finish for doors and drawers, it makes the structure very heavy.
Binding the location of the stove to the vent - now there is an alternative to air ducts - hoods with a carbon filter.
Glossy facades - they look beautiful, but they need to be wiped several times a day, otherwise their surface turns into a catalog of fingerprints.
Wooden floors - quickly get dirty, lose their "marketable" appearance.
Glass countertops are a surface on which it is impossible to quietly place a cup or plate. All sleeping family members will know about your early breakfast by loud knocking.
Too wide drawers - easy to open only when empty.

A lot of seams - if the kitchen "apron" is covered with wallpaper, it is better to cover them with glass, and with a single piece of cloth, and not several butted ones.
Sink of a non-standard shape - pleasing to the eye, but completely impractical for its intended use.
There is no place for small household appliances - often one built-in appliances in the kitchen is not enough, so you need space and sockets for such purposes.
Weighty cabinets on light walls - the storage system should be hung exclusively on solid walls, or it may simply not withstand its weight.
Incorrect localization of equipment - ovens, steamers, coffee machines should not be installed either too low or too high. The ideal location is at waist level.
Insufficient lighting - the kitchen requires multi-level lighting: a lamp above the table, lamps above the work area, overhead light.
Lack of free space on the countertop between the stove, sink and refrigerator.
An excessively high base in the kitchen - it is worth remembering that today almost all built-in appliances are designed for a base up to 10 cm;
Shelves instead of drawers - to take something from the depth of the shelf, you need to lay out part of its contents. In the drawer, all items are equally accessible.

Deciding on materials

If the preliminary project is finally approved, you can proceed to compiling a list of materials required for its implementation. They will need a lot: cement, wall and ceiling paint, glue, putty, linoleum, facing materials And so on. It is possible that sockets and electrical wiring, plumbing units and ventilation elements will have to be replaced.

The list should be very detailed, all the little things of the future kitchen should be taken into account. Having learned the current prices, you can proceed to the calculation of the estimate. Further do-it-yourself repairs should only be started if the full calculation of all expenses does not exceed the budget that can be spent on repairs.

We bring communications

After cleaning the premises from old coatings and garbage collection, it's time to move on to the wiring. The first thing to do is electrical wiring. Sockets will be needed in the following places:

in the working area;
for the refrigerator;
for hood;
for electric stove;
for other household appliances ( Dishwasher, microwave, etc.);
additional socket for local lighting.

The next stage is the installation of a ventilation system - we place the hood at a height of 60-70 centimeters above the surface of the plate. old ventilation pipes also needs to be replaced.

Modern water supply and sewerage systems are, first of all, metal-plastic and polypropylene pipes. They are durable, available for DIY installation, insensitive to temperature changes.

After laying the pipes, taps are installed, after which gas hoses can also be supplied.

From ceiling to floor

When repairing with your own hands, it will always be correct to do the work in sequence from top to bottom (first, the ceiling is done, then the walls, and lastly, the floor). First, the ceiling must be leveled, and it can be painted only after the putty layer has completely dried. If the installation of a stretch ceiling is planned, then it is made after finishing the walls.

Then you can start leveling the walls with satengypsum or isogypsum. Washable wallpaper is needed for the kitchen, as it will be necessary to remove settling grease and soot from them. It is customary to lay out the working area of the sink and stove with tiles. Then comes the turn of leveling the floor. For this purpose, a self-leveling mixture or a home-made cement-sand mixture is suitable, with which we fill the screed. The floor covering is laid on top.

For the kitchen, it is better to choose a plastic or metal baseboard, since the wooden one is not practical (it is afraid of moisture and does not wash well).

You need to buy as many corner elements as there are corners in the kitchen. crop plastic plinth recommended miter saw, while installation is better to start from the corner or from the door.

The kitchen is the epitome of comfort in every home. Kitchen spaces have long ceased to be a place exclusively for cooking. A striking example to that - kitchen-living rooms, which have become very popular. And if you can invite guests to this room, then it simply must be the pride of the owners! So, where to start renovating the kitchen - with the purchase of furniture, separate the walls or floor, or maybe the choice of household appliances?

You have to work hard to get the kitchen of your dreams.

Repair is a state of mind

There is a saying: surviving a renovation is like surviving a fire. Indeed, repairs are often associated with a lot of inconvenience, significant time and financial costs. Of course, if you have the opportunity to order a turnkey kitchen by inviting a team of workers for this, and leave to rest for a couple of weeks, the said saying is not about you. Most people, even if they don’t do repairs in the kitchen with their own hands, delve into all the subtleties of this process as much as possible to exercise control. Thinking about where to start renovating a kitchen, many look at photos on the Internet and in specialized print media, light up with the most incredible ideas. The result is creative interior, which has truly changed the look and function of the cooking space. For example, kitchens combined with a recreation area or study.

Traditional kitchen refurbishment includes plastering walls and ceilings or installing ceiling coverings, painting walls or wallpapering, tiling a work surface or installing a backsplash for the kitchen, installing a ventilation system, plumbing work, installing kitchen furniture.

How to start a kitchen renovation: the main stages

Modern technologies allow you to create a very realistic computer kitchen project.

Repair of any premises is advisable to start with the preparation of a design project. If you do not feel the ability to create it yourself, entrust it to a professional designer. After all, the kitchen is a room whose functionality is subject to special laws. If you have taken on the development of your own kitchen project, you should know the features of the functioning of the zones, and not learn this in the process of working with a design project.

The most important thing in kitchen design is the proper fitting of furniture into the work area. This area includes a sink, stove, extractor hood, refrigerator and dishwasher, if available. Therefore, it is useful to remember some rules for arranging the working area - a place for cooking.

The sum of the lengths of the sides of the workspace should be from 3 to 6 m. If something does not fit into this formula, it is better to move the furniture or appliances immediately, and not when you are sure that the long workspace is really inconvenient for the hostess. To move the sink, you will need the services of plumbers, you can move the stove thanks to a flexible gas hose.

At the beginning repair work it is necessary to determine the size of furniture for the kitchen - the height of cabinets and tables. If the furniture is tall, place it along the work wall. The length of the working area does not allow you to place a refrigerator, stove and cutting table on the same line? Perhaps you should think about the angular, rather than the linear layout of the kitchen. Think about where you will place the furniture, in what color scheme you will equip your kitchen, what accessories will decorate it.

It is best to sketch the future kitchen like this: draw up a plan of the room, which shows doors, windows, communications. Make a list of equipment that will definitely be in the kitchen: sink, refrigerator, stove (or built-in hob and oven), microwave, extractor hood, washing machine. After that, consider the placement of furniture L-shaped, U-shaped, island, linear.

The second stage: calculation of the necessary materials

Accurate calculation of building and finishing materials will allow you to avoid unnecessary costs

After the sketch of the project is ready, it is necessary to calculate the materials that are needed to repair your kitchen. Contact repair specialists: plumbers, electricians, decorators. They will not only help you make the calculation, but also advise the most convenient location of the water supply, the most functional lighting, the best finishing materials for walls and ceilings.

Walls

Cork or vinyl wallpapers, ceramic tile. It is better to glue washable and vinyl wallpapers using a special glue that prevents mold. Do you use paint? Properly prepare the surface using a special wall impregnation to avoid the appearance of fungus. For walls, water-based paint is perfect. It is better to paint for durability in two layers.

Floor

Vinyl and cork floors are easy to clean and perfectly absorb sound, modern rubber coatings hardly wear out. Ceramic floor tiles are beautiful and durable, but they have a significant drawback - they are cold. Parquet looks beautiful in the kitchen, but it is inconvenient to clean it. Therefore, it is best to choose synthetic floor materials for the kitchen.

Working surface

For it, laminated plastic is most often used. artificial marble or unglazed tiles are a more expensive option. Beautiful, but difficult to maintain natural marble, granite, slate, natural wood. Pay attention to the surface around the sink - it will be exposed to moisture, so it is better to choose a sink with special steel "ears" on which it is convenient to stack washed dishes.

The third stage: the beginning of repair work

At cosmetic repairs some operations can be carried out without dismantling the entire kitchen

If there is a need to replace the window system, this should be done first. After that, all communications are carried out, ceilings and walls are leveled, and new plasterboard partitions are erected if desired.

You can finish the ceiling in the kitchen using drywall, ceiling panels or slabs, stretch ceilings. But the best option considered water-repellent paint on water based. Concerning floor covering, you can choose the material according to your taste and financial capabilities. For flooring in the kitchen, it is recommended to use waterproof materials - linoleum, tiles, natural stone. Walls should also not be afraid of moisture, especially for the work surface. Use tiles, glass or plastic panels as an apron for the kitchen.

An important point in the process of repairing the kitchen is the installation of lighting. For the convenience of the hostess, it is better to install fluorescent lamps above the work surface. Hang a lamp over the dining table. If the ceilings in the kitchen are high, you can consider various options for multi-level lighting and lighting in the walls.

When planning to start repairs in the kitchen, remember that the basis of this room is still a working triangle, since the main function of the kitchen is cooking and eating. The vertices of the kitchen triangle - stove, refrigerator, sink - should be on optimal distance from each other. The ideal distance between the stove and refrigerator is no more than 2.7 m, and the path to the sink is no more than 2.1 m from the stove and refrigerator.

How to Avoid False Starts: The Most Common Mistakes

The poor placement of the sink in this case made it inconvenient to use a large part of the work surface.

Mistakes made at the stage of planning repairs in the kitchen can bring inconvenience in the future. Therefore, try to eliminate defects at an early stage of repair. So, where to start renovating the kitchen, and what mistakes should be avoided?

Mistake #1: Too long work surface

This oversight is often made by happy owners of large kitchen areas. Trying to place all the cabinets and all the furniture along one wall, they make the cooking process inconvenient. The hostess has to constantly rush around the kitchen from one end to the other. If the area allows, build a kitchen island or U-shaped structure. Remember that the distance between the facades must be at least 1.2 m, then the drawers will be fully extended, and there will be free space for passage. And the total area of \u200b\u200bthe working surface will be quite large.

Mistake number 2: natural marble in the kitchen

Natural marble surfaces are difficult to maintain. This material can be used in the living room or bedroom, but not in the kitchen. After all, the structure of marble is porous, so the dirt penetrates deep inside, and it is not possible to remove it from there. Choose your tabletop from artificial stone or granite, they are much easier to clean.

Mistake #3: Protruding Door Handles

They reduce the opening angle of the cabinet doors located in the corner, prevent the opening of internal drawers. And if at the same time there is a narrow passage in the kitchen, you will cling to the protruding handles with clothes.

Mistake No. 4: weighting the structure and reducing the area

Many people make plasterboard ceilings and walls in small kitchens, thereby reducing their area. Makes the room smaller and wall cladding with panels or clapboard. And if you decide to use a mosaic to decorate the facade, let it be only a decoration, since the mosaic greatly “weights” the structure.

Mistake number 5: gloss and wood

Designers can offer interesting kitchen design options that owners don’t even know about.

Glossy kitchen facades look, no doubt, impressive. But the problem is that you need to wipe them daily, and perhaps more than once. Surfaces quickly become dirty with fingerprints and look sloppy. The same can be said about glass dining tables. Despite the fact that they visually expand the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen, scratches appear on even the most durable glass over time. In addition, it is very difficult to have breakfast at such a table without waking up the household: even if you put the plate on the table very carefully, the knock will be loud.

Mistake #6: Drawers that are too wide

furniture stores offer cabinets and tables with drawers, whose width is 120 cm. Empty boxes slide out easily, but if they are tightly packed with dishes or boxes of pickles, their width and capacity may no longer please you.

Mistake #7: Shelves Instead of Drawers

Despite the fact that a kitchen cabinet or table with shelves is cheaper than with drawers, it is not worth saving on this. The contents of the box are easy to look around and find what you need. If instead of a shelf drawer, you have to remove all the contents to get to the goal.

Mistake number 8: there is no place for small household appliances

Even if you order built-in kitchen furniture, there should be a place for small household appliances. Think in advance where to place sockets, and let the kitchen have room for free-standing small appliances. The dimensions of the kitchen worktops should be at least 40 cm, and the worktop should be about 80 cm.

We wish you a good start and a great finish to your kitchen renovation!

Renovating a kitchen is not necessarily a costly undertaking. Can be done quickly and inexpensively conventional materials. If you use exactly what is suitable for difficult room conditions, the finish will not lose its attractive appearance for a decade or more. Along the way, issues with windows, doors, communications are being resolved. Outdated designs are replaced with new ones.

The whole process is carried out in stages, so as not to miss anything and not spoil what has already been done. Difficulties are caused by the arrangement of furniture and equipment in Khrushchev, where there is very little space. Correct selection modern products will solve this problem.

Project work

Most kitchens, especially small ones, need to be redesigned to accommodate furniture and equipment. They begin with a careful measurement of the room - an accuracy of at least 5 mm. In a small area, carelessness leads to the accumulation of errors, and as a result it turns out that somewhere there is not enough space, something interferes. All data is recorded in order to then draw up a plan based on them. They determine not only the dimensions, but also the position of each object relative to the walls, floor, ceiling. Take indicators from the following elements:

the entire room - length, width, height;
door and window openings;
mezzanine;
sockets, switches, lamps;
pipes - gas riser, sewerage, water supply;
ventilation grill;
finishes - cornices, stucco moldings, various ledges.

All data is transferred to a sheet of paper, as a result, a plan comes out. Now you should decide on the location of furniture and household appliances. If they are not updated, remain the same, then the dimensions are removed. But you probably want to update everything. It makes no sense to buy in advance - you will have to place it somewhere, in a small apartment the equipment will only interfere. It remains to choose the products you like in the store, find out the dimensions from the catalog provided by the seller.

Drawing their placement manually or using computer programs for a non-specialist is difficult and time-consuming. They do it easier - they take a sheet of cardboard and prepare a large-scale copy of the kitchen with walls, only without a ceiling, cut out windows and doors. Reduce by 5-10 times depending on the size of the room. From dense foam, models of cabinets, stoves, sinks and everything else are made, signed with a marker. Then they begin to play with cubes, moving them around the space until the optimal arrangement is found. On the walls are glued with pieces of plasticine.

If there is no desire to work with the project on a computer or the proposed method seems difficult, use another one. It will take quite a lot of cardboard, which is applied in life size the length and width of each piece of furniture that will stand on the floor. They are moved around the kitchen space in search of an acceptable solution. It is useful to make models of the rear walls in order to assess the location in height. The disadvantage of the method is that it is impossible to pre-plan, perhaps when all the furniture and household appliances are taken out.

General and particular features of the repair

The kitchen is a room with operating conditions that are fundamentally different from living rooms and even ancillaries. People spend a lot of time here, and cooking takes place, which greatly affects furniture and finishing materials. It must meet the increased sanitary and hygienic and operational requirements. Starting to repair, consider the following factors:

temperature fluctuations constantly occur - from normal to elevated and vice versa;
the presence of evaporation, leading to excess moisture;
installed gas and electrical equipment requires special security measures;
aggressive fat particles, soot deposited on the surface - should be easy to wash;
enhanced operation of furniture, equipment can only withstand wear-resistant coatings.

These features must be taken into account when repairing, otherwise the money will be wasted. In addition to caring for beauty, care must be taken to preserve it in adverse conditions. This is facilitated by good ventilation. Before repair, they check it: they remove the grate and look where the channel leads. If the vertical shaft is good, you may only have to put a small exhaust fan to increase efficiency. When the direction is horizontal - worse, but can be corrected.

How to cover the floor, walls, ceiling?

A significant role in the durability of the kitchen is played by the choice of materials for decoration. The main thing is high functionality in special kitchen conditions. In terms of design, even the most traditional types can decorate a room if you pick them up with taste and skillfully use them.

Ceramic tiles are often used for flooring - they are resistant to moisture, physical stress, and pollution. The colors are so diverse that they imitate wood, parquet, marble and much more. A significant drawback is poor thermal insulation. Common budget material- linoleum. It is easy to fit with your own hands, not afraid of moisture - the virtues that make it popular. You can buy with varying degrees of thermal conductivity, with or without lining. It lasts a long time, but should be protected from punctures and cuts.

Some beautiful and fashionable materials for kitchen floors should not be used. This primarily applies to the laminate. It is easy to lay, durable, but is afraid of moisture, which is abundant in the kitchen. Getting between the joints, it gradually destroys the coating, which swells. The second undesirable material is parquet. Constant temperature fluctuations, high humidity are destructive.

In the kitchen, the walls get dirty to a greater extent than in other rooms. It is advisable to use coatings that are easy to clean. Washable wallpapers or painted non-woven wallpapers are suitable for such a case. With their help, the room acquires the desired shade, under them all defects disappear. Among the shortcomings - poor resistance to damage.

Coating with semi-gloss paint is cheap, but impractical. The surface is washed, quickly contaminated, flaws stand out, but if necessary, it is updated without problems. Everything will hide decorative plaster which is easy to clean. It looks great in any interior, but in the event of a subsequent repair, it is not easy to remove it. Ceramic tiles are usually trimmed only with an apron.

Sheathing with waterproof drywall is done quickly, it is inexpensive, the walls are perfectly aligned. It is not necessary to correct surface flaws - they will hide under the sheets. In a kitchen with a small area, the method is not very desirable - so the limited space will be reduced even more.

Well hides the flaws of the suspended ceiling from plastic panels, which is not afraid of steam, grease, requires minimal maintenance. Next in terms of functionality is laminate, the wrong side of which is impregnated with PVA and MDF with a similar treatment. The use of moisture-resistant drywall for these purposes is also a good option, but as a last resort. Created from it multilevel structures, but it is required to periodically update the whitewash, because even the highest quality paints do not last long. Reduces space in a small kitchen.

Cheaper ceiling decoration using polystyrene foam boards. All defects are hidden under them, they are easy to install and also replace. You should choose only laminated material, which is not very dirty, it is easy to wash. Nevertheless, despite the attractiveness of this option, the application is fraught with problems: the relief of the plates after six months begins to turn yellow and blacken.

Options for arranging a small room

Khrushchev and panel house differ in the extremely limited size of the kitchen. It is uncomfortable, cramped, the plaster is crumbling, the pipes are rusted. With proper planning, even such a "crumb" can be transformed.

To begin with, take out all household appliances and furniture, otherwise there will simply be nowhere to turn around to carry out repairs. Old communications and finishing materials are mercilessly removed, a half-rotted window is removed. You can start work. After completion, an important moment comes - to place the equipment in a new way, so that it becomes as convenient as possible even in such a limited area. One of the following layouts is possible:

single row;
angular;
L-shaped;
the letter P.

To properly organize the space, place only the furniture that is really needed. Do not clutter up with things that you can do without. With all sorts of boxes, boxes, stands parted. Resolutely get rid of everything unnecessary, inconvenient, even if it is expensive as a memory. They make the most of the walls for hanging cabinets, shelves - the floor area is freed. Buy built-in appliances that take up little space. From furniture preference is given folding table and the same chairs. On the hob, sink and work surface install one continuous countertop.

If not physically, then visually expand the space, creating modern design, glossy surface in pastel colors. A lot of lamps - on the ceiling, shelves, above the table and work surface. There are no heavy curtains on the windows, the material is translucent or blinds. Several mirrors will further increase the space. Furniture is chosen with a glossy light-colored surface.

Kitchen equipment - what to improve, what to part with?

A complete renovation of an apartment is not only a new finish on walls, ceilings and floors, but also a replacement of pipes. They start with communications that are outdated, interfere, and look ugly. With metal pipe supplying gas to the stove, part. Flexible hoses are now allowed, which are compact and the wall space can be used. It is forbidden to do this on your own, you will have to call specialists. If there is a gas water heater, they also remove it at the same time, having received permission, and transfer the new water heater to another place.

Water pipes are changed before repair. The most budgetary solution is polypropylene, which is not afraid of corrosion. For connection, a special welding machine is required - you can buy an inexpensive one or rent it. In order not to think about it, use metal-plastic. Installation is simple, it is carried out with a special mount. At the same time, the old mixer is also being replaced.

In Khrushchev, one socket was originally installed, located on the far wall, which in modern conditions does not meet the needs. A socket group is required, the place of which is above the desktop. It consumes a lot of electricity, so provide a separate power wiring. Instead of regular junction box install a shield with automatic devices, an RCD for kitchen equipment, a washing machine, a boiler.

Ventilation is weakness, and it needs to be improved so that odors, steam and grease do not spread throughout the apartment. Using a hood with a carbon filter is impractical - it requires frequent replacement and costs a lot. Install the usual one with an aluminum mesh filter. A separate vent is punched in the regular channel. If the system is not connected to the toilet and bathroom, it is made below the existing hole. The built-in fan will improve traction. At the same time, they get rid of the exhaust pipe, freeing up space on the wall.

The refrigerator is not installed next to the stove - heating increases electricity consumption. If possible, they take them out to a cool room - to a glazed balcony (with the exception of the sunny side in the south), to the hallway. But not every housewife will like to constantly run for groceries. The output is a small single-chamber unit without freezer. In place of large equipment, space is freed up for a washing machine. A compact refrigerator is installed on top.

Under the window - a niche for a refrigerator

Replacing an old window with a plastic one is the best inexpensive solution. The material is resistant to temperature fluctuations, has good heat and noise insulation, and is easy to clean. The use of a wooden structure with double-glazed windows is preferable, but the cost of a natural product is higher than an artificial counterpart.

Don't leave the door unattended. The old chipboard frame is replaced with a new one - there are a lot of attractive ones in stores inexpensive options. AT small apartment the canvas is often simply removed. But a refurbished kitchen with a leftover box is unappealing. In its place, they arrange an arch. It will take quite a bit of drywall and water-based paint. The main thing is that such an opening organically fits into the interior, freeing up space.

Repair and finishing work - sequence of actions

When it became clear what was to be done, materials were purchased, the most crucial moment began - do-it-yourself kitchen renovation. It is important to do everything in stages, avoiding the mistakes that many who do it for the first time sin. If you ignore the design, then this happens much more often. Then it is difficult to accurately calculate the amount necessary materials, install few sockets, forget about the hood and the like.

Violation of the sequence leads to unnecessary waste of time and money, already finished surfaces are contaminated. Work begins with communications: water supply, sewerage, electricity, ventilation. Next up are windows and doors. After them proceed to the room itself. First prepare the base for the floor, rough finish ceiling and walls. Then, in the same order, the finishing is done. Completes all installation of equipment and furniture.

Room preparation

After the room has been vacated, proceed to the surfaces. You should start from the ceiling. In houses with bituminous roof tenants on top floor often suffer from leaks. Partially saved by foaming rusts - tile joints, so that water flows into the adjacent bathroom, where the material is not afraid of moisture, there is less electrical equipment. Before that, the channels must be freed from the old wiring. Level check horizontality. If the difference exceeds 30 mm, alignment is impractical - expensive and difficult. The problem is solved with a false ceiling device.

Inspect the floor to determine its condition. Laying a new coating on the old flooring does not make sense. There are so many defects that it is better to remove completely before the screed. Its replacement is necessary if cracks with a width of more than two millimeters are found, especially those that intersect. Depressions and protrusions in good general condition can be leveled. They check the horizontal position - it should not exceed 3 mm, but ten diagonally, which is available for correction.

Use a building level at least a meter long. If small irregularities are found, in order not to deal with the screed device, marmoleum is used for flooring. This is actually linoleum from natural raw materials, brought to perfection. Used for manufacturing tropical crops which is why it is cheaper than laminate. The pressed cork layer makes it very warm. The material is not afraid of moisture, dirt, even spilled paint does not stick. This is an absolutely environmentally friendly product that lasts 20 years. It does not require any special tools or skills to install.

A screed with extensive holes or protrusions, skewed, should be repaired. The most acceptable solution for such a case is a self-leveling floor based on cement. It is raised 10 mm from the highest mound. The leveler is not too expensive in price, it will take a little for a small area. The finished floor is laid directly on it. Cracks in the old base do not need to be repaired, and a perfectly flat surface will create good conditions for further work, water will not flow into the depressions.

In the old kitchen, the walls have absorbed a lot of fumes, which sometimes penetrate to the base. Easy cleaning it can be useless - finishing materials do not stick. Pre-soak the coating - paint and plaster soaked in fat. Spray with water from a spray bottle, close windows, doors, stand for 2 hours. Then quickly remove the coating using a spatula or abrasive mesh. If it doesn't work the first time, repeat.

Oil, alkyd paints are removed using a composition designed to remove them. They work with a sponge, apply to small areas so as not to spoil in vain expensive remedy. Our drugs are cheaper than imported ones, but they take time to work. To protect the skin and respiratory organs from aggressive liquids, a respirator and rubber gloves are used. For ventilation, everything is wide open.

On bases soaked in grease, paint and plaster will not hold, and will begin to flake off. Therefore, everything is washed - the ceiling, walls, floor. Use any dish detergent, which is diluted with water 1:20, table vinegar is added. Their compatibility is checked first. If bubbles appear, a pungent odor, take another remedy. A metal sponge is used, which is often dipped into the solution, rubbed with pressure. Washed twice.

In conclusion, when the surfaces are dry, priming is carried out. Use means of deep penetration on concrete. Read the recipe carefully before buying. Biocidal additives are required. If thiuram is present, derivatives from it (thiram, arozone, fernazone) - the composition is not suitable for these purposes, choose another one. Impregnation is done twice with an interval of a day.

Ceiling sheathing, sheathing and electrical wiring under it

It has already been said that in the kitchen, in order of preference for the ceiling, they use:

plastic lining;
laminate impregnated from the inside with PVA emulsion;
MDF with the same processing;
green drywall - last.

The crate is made without crossbars, using wooden slats or metal profiles. The distance between the lags is 0.5 m, the fastening step is 0.4 m. They are set up along the stretched ropes, placing pieces of plywood for alignment.

It is convenient to mount the wiring in the false ceiling. In order not to make strobes, channels are cut out in the slats, where it is placed freely hanging. A flexible three-core cable with double insulation is used, with a cross section of at least 1.5 mm2, for a socket - 2.5 mm2. A parallel connection is used: from the shield one wire goes to the socket group, the second - to the main lamp, the third - to the spot ones (a cross section of 0.7 mm2 is allowed). This scheme guarantees increased safety, ease of repair.

A branch for sockets is also allowed under the ceiling. From the center where the lighting network ends, they turn to the wall at an angle of 90 °, laying is carried out in a strobe. In the same way, they make an eyeliner to the switches. The cable is fixed first with masking tape, then with alabaster. For spot lighting, a space of 8 cm is required. An additional crate of 20 × 40 mm is arranged on the central chandelier or ceiling. It is better to limit yourself to the main lighting on the ceiling, because extra holes are a path for evaporation to penetrate.

After laying electrical communications proceed to the sheathing. There is nothing special about the technology. Laminate and MDF panels are installed on a wooden crate using mounting glue, additionally small carnations in the corner of the groove. Plastic fastening is carried out on self-tapping screws. When buying, they check the entry of the tongue crest into the reciprocal groove - ideally, freely or without significant effort.

Drywall is mounted using conventional technology. Sheathing with panels, before installing into the groove of the previous one, they squeeze out silicone sealant- it will become an obstacle to the penetration of fumes. Drips are immediately removed with a cloth soaked in vinegar.

Wall finishes and floor finishes

The tile in the kitchen does not fully comply with the rules of hygiene - dirt accumulates in the seams. For their cutting, the composition used in baths is used, adding 10% of an aqueous emulsion. Smooth over with a piece of cable with insulation with a diameter of 5 mm. If with a finger, even in a glove, irregularities remain invisible to the eye - an ideal place for the accumulation of dirt and the reproduction of microbes. It is recommended to use ceramic tiles only for the backsplash. how a budget option- plastic and MDF panels, due to the reliable connection of which the working area is protected from dirt and steam.

The best wall decoration in the kitchen is washable wallpaper. They do not accumulate odor, are able to serve for a long time. If you choose the right color, then for sure you won’t have to think about repairs for a few more years. White and bright ones are the least suitable, and light beige pastel shades with a medium-sized pattern do not lose their appearance for more than 10 years. Help is needed, then things will go faster - one person glues, the other combines.

Installing tiles on the floor is a laborious task, the cost is quite high. The cork is warm, but accumulates moisture. Linoleum is an opportunity to quickly make flooring at low cost. More the best way- marmoleum, little known natural material which is also inexpensive.

Kitchen with marmoleum on the floor

Finishing the finish with the installation of skirting boards. They are needed not only as a decorative element, but also serve to isolate joints from fumes along the perimeter. Fastening is carried out on liquid nails or silicone glue, spreading over the entire surface. Leaks are removed immediately. If you want to plant tightly, use self-tapping screws, the heads of which are sunk and covered.

On the ceiling, skirting boards will have to be additionally fixed with screws or small nails. Take phosphated black, which are less noticeable. Installed after about 0.5 m, the extreme ten centimeters from the corners. If they are afraid that the elements will be noticeable, they are smeared with liquid nails, choosing the right shade.

For every housewife, the kitchen is the main place in the house, so its arrangement is very important for her, because the kitchen is a place not only for cooking, but also for eating it. The kitchen is a place where the whole family gathers for breakfast, lunch and dinner, so it is in the kitchen that everyone should be cozy and comfortable.

How to start a kitchen renovation

This is a very versatile place in the house. As usual, the kitchen area is small, so it is very important:

Arrange all household appliances and furniture in the most convenient and rational way.
You also need to consider that when cooking in the kitchen, fat and steam are always sprayed.
All dirt is better washed from moisture-resistant surfaces, so the materials and furniture for this room must be moisture-resistant and washable.

Of course, it’s not even easy to cope without professionals. So how do you get started with your kitchen renovation?

First you need to draw up a drawing or drawing of your future kitchen. So you will quickly understand where and how to place furniture, what colors your kitchen will be in and what accessories you will need for its interior.
After a sketch or project, it is necessary to calculate the materials needed for repairs. Here it is better to turn to specialists. They will help to make a calculation, think over the placement of water supply, sewerage, replacement of sockets and electrical wiring.
Then begins the dismantling of floors, ceilings, old communications,.
If necessary, carry out a replacement.
Then they carry out all communications, erect new partitions, level the walls, ceiling and floor.
When finishing the ceiling, you can use various panels or slabs, as well as stretch ceilings. But the easiest way is water-repellent water-based paint. Here you can choose what is better and cheaper for you.
For flooring, you need to use only waterproof materials - natural stone,.
The walls in the kitchen must also be resistant to moisture, so they use either washable wallpaper or tiles, but tiles are better for a work surface. Although, for an apron you can use and.
Installation of household appliances and furniture is carried out after all coatings are fixed and dry well.
A very important point in the repair of this room is the right one. To make it more convenient for the hostess to work on the work surface, you need to install fluorescent lamps located on hanging cabinets, and hang a lamp above the dining table. But if you have a high ceiling in your kitchen, then multi-level lighting will look very impressive.
This is followed by the stage of installing various accessories that will make your kitchen the most comfortable, cozy and so unique.

It is necessary to take into account the convenient location of outlets for household appliances in the kitchen

When planning any kitchen, you need to remember that the basis of the room is the working triangle:

plate;
fridge;
washing.

These three items should be at the closest distance from each other. Therefore, this point must be taken into account. Now the work plan has more or less become clear and you know where to start repairing the kitchen. And the rest depends only on your imagination and the size of your wallet.

Now let's talk about common mistakes.

Arrange furniture according to the working triangle, depending on the type of kitchen layout

Arrangement of a small kitchen

If the kitchen is small, then all the furniture with appliances may not fit in one row. In this case, it is better to use the corner type of furniture placement. At the same time, it is important to take into account that the length of all sides of the working space should be from 3 to 6 meters - these are optimal values so that there is enough space and you don’t have to do a lot of movements while cooking. Also, experts advise that the distance between the sides of the kitchen triangle (sink, stove, refrigerator) should be approximately equal, and not more than 1.85 m.

Work area location

The location of all lockers on the plan should be noted in advance. If you are planning to order a specific kitchen set, then it is better to measure all its parameters in advance and estimate how much it fits into the kitchen. You can use it to draw up a design project simple programs and even mobile applications, in which all actions are simplified as much as possible: you only need to enter the parameters of the room and the parameters of the desired furniture.

There is also an original way to think over the location of all pieces of furniture. A box is created from cardboard, which will be a model of the kitchen. Naturally, it is necessary to adhere to the scale. Figures of furniture and equipment are also made from polystyrene on a scale, and then all these parts are placed in a box until the ideal option is found. Whatever the method, as a result, you should get a clear visual representation of how the future kitchen should look like.

20 most common kitchen remodeling mistakes

Even the slightest mistake made when planning a kitchen can bring a lot of inconvenience later. So what shortcomings should be eliminated at the earliest stage of repair or redevelopment, where to start?

An overly large work surface is a typical mistake of owners of large kitchens who try to place all the furniture along one wall. Such an arrangement will make the cooking process inconvenient, because you will have to run from one end of the kitchen to the other. If the layout and dimensions of the room allow, then it is better to build a U-shaped structure or "island". total area the work surface will not change, but you will no longer have to run around the entire kitchen. The vertices of such a "working triangle" (refrigerator, stove and sink) should be located as close to each other as possible.
Protruding handles - reduce the opening angle of the door of the cabinet located in the corner. At the same time, the drawer stops moving.
Narrow "mazes" - interfere with free movement in the kitchen. There should be a distance of at least 120 cm between the facades of a kitchen with an “island” or a U-shaped kitchen. Only under this condition will the drawers be fully extended and there will be enough space for the owners to pass through.
Floors and work surfaces made of natural marble are difficult to maintain. Marble has a porous structure, which allows dirt to penetrate quite deeply and makes it impossible to remove it. Therefore, it is better to choose a countertop made of granite or artificial stone - they are easier to clean.
"Invulnerable" Corian - many mistakenly consider this material to be the most durable and strong. Over time, the countertop, even made of stone, is also covered with scratches or stains. The only advantage of this material is that it can be easily restored. But this procedure can only be entrusted to specialists.
Facing kitchen facades mosaic - this finish should not be used for drawers and doors, as it will greatly weight the structure, and the drywall base will “eat up” the usable area.
Massive air ducts - such designs are not at all necessary even if the stove and air vent are located far from each other. It is better to purchase a hood with a charcoal filter. It does not require an air duct, you only need to periodically change the filter.
Glossy facades - look spectacular, but quickly "dirty" with fingerprints. Such surfaces must be wiped down every day.
Wooden floors are an extremely unfortunate option for the kitchen. They quickly get dirty and lose their “presentation”.
Of the 20 kitchen remodeling mistakes, we're close to half. Glass tops for dining tables have gained a lot of popularity due to the fact that they do not make the space visually cluttered. But for the kitchen, such models are absolutely not suitable. Even the most durable glass will scratch over time. At such a table, it will not be possible to have breakfast without waking up peacefully sleeping household members. No matter how carefully you try to put a cup or plate on the table, you will still hear a rather loud knock.
Overly wide drawers - more spacious does not mean better. Furniture stores are happy to offer us drawers up to 120 cm wide, which are easy to pull out and supposedly easy to use. But you should read the fact that in the store they are pristinely empty and, accordingly, very light. If you stuff such a drawer tightly, for example, with jars of pickles or utensils, then you will have to make a lot of effort to push it out.
A shelf instead of a drawer is a fairly common mistake. The advantage of the box is that its contents are easy to look at and the right thing is found very quickly. In the case of shelves, you will have to remove some of the contents in order to find something or just "get to the goal."
A lot of seams is a bad decision. If you decide to cover the entire kitchen "apron" with wallpaper, then do not forget to protect them with glass. For this purpose, it is better to use one large glass sheet than several small, butt-joined ones.
A sink that has an “irregular” shape is a kitchen detail that can not only please the eye, but also annoy its owner for years. So don't experiment with unusual shapes. It is best to stick to the classic familiar forms. Here's where to start, because a lot of time is also spent behind the sink.
There is no place for all kinds of small household appliances. In the kitchen, you can not do with built-in appliances alone. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately provide a place and sockets for free-standing household appliances.
Heavy cabinets hung on light walls. The storage system can only be hung on a solid wall. A drywall partition may not be able to support such a weight. In this case, a special support must be fixed on the wall, on which the upper cabinets are attached.
Wrong technique. Built-in ovens, coffee machines and steamers should not be placed either too low or too high. The ideal solution here it is considered the location at the level of the belt.
Few . The kitchen requires several levels of illumination: a lamp located above the dining table; lamps built under the upper cabinets and illuminating the work area, overhead light. It is also necessary to correctly place the switches.
Lack of free areas on the countertop. Between such elements as a stove, a sink and a refrigerator, there must be sections of the working surface on which, for example, products taken from the refrigerator can be placed.
The plinth is too high - the standard height is 10 - 15 cm, but today most of the built-in household appliances are for some reason designed for a plinth no higher than 10 cm.

So we looked at 20 mistakes when repairing a kitchen with your own hands or with the help of professionals. Now you know where to start better and what nuances you need to consider.

Sooner or later, but the moment comes when the owners of the apartment begin to think closely about overhaul, alteration, modernization of your kitchen. Someone just tired of the old dilapidated walls, ceiling, worn-out furniture. Someone is not satisfied with the too small, in his opinion, the functionality of the room. Someone wants to optimize the cramped space to the maximum. In any case, repair good cuisine results in a rather large-scale and expensive event.

In addition to having to buy a lot building materials good quality, choose new furniture and kitchen appliances, conduct or update communications, a very significant part of the costs should be planned for the salaries of specialists. Is it possible to save on this by renovating the kitchen with your own hands?

To make such a bold decision, you need to be very clear about the amount of work that you have to face. The purpose of this article is to give the reader an idea about the specifics of repairs in the kitchen, about the nuances of arranging this room, in such a way that you can realistically assess your strengths and capabilities before starting work.

Why is the cuisine so special?

The kitchen almost always has a special “status” compared to other areas of the apartment, and special requirements are placed on its equipment and decoration.

Housewives spend a very significant part of their lives in the kitchen. So, it is necessary to create the most comfortable conditions for this. It should be warm here, good lighting is required, drafts should be prevented.
Food preparation should be carried out in conditions as clean as possible. So, you need to make sure that the room meets the accepted sanitary standards. Cleaning the kitchen is carried out after almost every use, and therefore should not cause undue difficulties.

All necessary communications should be laid in the kitchen - plumbing, with cold and hot water, sewage, gas mains (if the house is gasified), electrical wiring of the required capacity.
Products used for cooking often leave oily, greasy marks, and can be quite chemically aggressive. At the same time, the danger lies not only in the direct ingress of such substances on the floor surface and walls adjacent to the working areas - one cannot ignore the abundant evaporation that is inevitable during thermal cooking. This means that even the ceiling is not completely insured against such an impact. Materials for finishing all surfaces of the room and kitchen furniture must be selected so that they are not afraid of such influences and can be easily washed.

At the same time, the kitchen is a room with high humidity - this must also be taken into account when choosing finishing materials. Like it or not, no one in the kitchen can be insured against spilling liquid on the floor - hence the increased requirements for waterproofing.
To minimize Negative consequences fumes and maintain a comfortable atmosphere in the kitchen, it is difficult to do without an exhaust and (and) autonomous air purification system.

An indispensable element of the kitchen is effective ventilation

The modern kitchen is full of appliances, without which many housewives can no longer imagine their lives. It requires thoughtful placement of devices and their correct connection, taking into account the rules of safe operation.
The very premises of the kitchen and the placement of all the necessary elements in it should be thought out to the smallest detail - it should be as convenient as possible for the owners to use it for its intended purpose.
Another important point is that in the vast majority of families the kitchen is by no means only a cooking room. Usually this is a kind of “family club”, where a lot of topical internal issues are resolved and where “gatherings” are held with the closest relatives and friends. And this means that, if possible, a cozy corner should be provided where you can comfortably sit. And the whole decoration of the kitchen should be such that it pleases the eye, and that it is not a shame to receive guests there.

And all this, as mentioned above, is required to be organized, most often, in the conditions of a very limited area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, where you won’t particularly “scatter”. So the task is very difficult.

What is to be done?

Actually, the kitchen renovation itself can be divided into many stages, each of which is important in its own way, but most often it is mandatory, with some variations. It is enough just to list these stages to make it clear how ambitious the overall task is. So, "on the way to the finish line" is the following:

The release of the premises - usually required to be carried out in full, otherwise it is difficult to measure and plan.
Checking the condition of walls, ceiling, floor, windows and doors, communications, etc.
Taking careful measurements.
Planning the placement of large-sized stationary kitchen and household appliances.
Pre-selection of kitchen furniture - both in size and functionality. Drawing up a project for its placement.
Thorough cleaning of all surfaces of the room.
Carrying out repairs (updating) of the base floor surface.
A similar operation is the revision of the condition and the basic repair of the ceiling.
Repair of communications or laying new ones, corresponding to the drafted project.
Checking the condition of ventilation, possibly making changes to its design.
Replacement or thorough restoration of windows and doors.
Finishing work, towards top down: ceiling, walls and finishing flooring with installation of skirting boards.
Installation and suspension of stationary equipment, furniture, lighting fixtures.
Connecting and checking the performance of all systems.

Now it makes sense to consider these stages in more detail. However, not everything will be paid equally great attention: some of them are simple and intuitive, do not require special explanations, others are related to technological processes, which are described in great detail and intelligibly in special publications of our portal (the corresponding links will be offered to the reader). But certain specific points require a really close look.

Primary Activities

Assessment of the general condition of the kitchen

It is impossible to plan a correct repair without a thorough audit of the condition of the room - walls, floor, ceiling, communications. And it will be possible to carry out such a deep check only after the kitchen is completely freed from furniture and equipment, since in most cases it will be necessary to remove the old flooring. Ideally, repairs are best done in conditions where the family temporarily lives elsewhere. If this is not possible, you will have to somehow get out of the situation - temporarily leave the old stove in place, there is water in the bathroom, and even a small desktop can be moved wherever needed.

After that, it will be possible to sharply assess the condition of the premises - does it make sense to leave something in its original state, or is a more radical approach still required? It is necessary to tap all the walls in order to determine the weak, unstable places. We have already mentioned the floor covering - in 99 cases out of 100, dismantling will be required. The condition of windows and doors is assessed - is it worth it to repair and restore them or is it easier to install new ones. The same applies to the heating radiator - perhaps the old battery will not fit into the conceived concept of the kitchen interior.

It is necessary to assess the condition of the water mains and sewerage - whether they need to be replaced, moved to another place, complete alteration in connection with the planned installation, for example, of a column or boiler.

The location of the outlets and their condition should be assessed. True, if repairs are carried out with the installation of a new kitchen appliances, then, Most likely, the wiring will have to be redone for the corresponding increasing load.

After the room has been vacated, it will not be difficult to carefully measure all the parameters of the kitchen - to the smallest detail. This is — necessary condition for further planning.

Taking measurements

It is necessary to draw on a piece of paper at least an approximate plan of the kitchen so that you can transfer the results to it directly during the measurements. Subsequently, the plan can (and even needs to) be “cultivated”.

What parameters are subject to mandatory measurements:

The length and width of the room. The distance between opposite walls is measured, preferably not only along the wall perpendicular to them, but at several points. Do not be too lazy to measure the diagonals to compare them - this will help you find out for sure whether the right rectangle lies at the base. If the room has a complicated shape - with a niche or part of the corridor, this is also transferred to the plan with all sizes.
Height from floor to stream.
The location of windows and doors - their distance from the walls, length and width, the direction of opening of the shutters, for the window - the height of the window sill.
The location of the heater (battery) with reference to the wall on which it is located, the passage of the heating riser and pipes to which the radiator is connected.
The specific position of the gas riser, the meter (if any) and the mounted pipe with a tap for connecting the gas stove.
Input location water pipes and sewers. If a transfer is planned, it will then be possible to mark their desired position on the diagram.
The size and position of the vent.
The exact location of power outlets, general lighting switch in the kitchen.
If there are other stationary elements in the kitchen (for example, mezzanines above the door, etc.), then they are also applied to the diagram.

For the convenience of the reader, an approximate graphic scheme required measurements:

Measurement scheme. Decryption - in the table below

Designation on the diagram	Parameter
X	The length (width) of the room at the level of the plinth of kitchen furniture
Y	- at the level of table top placement
Z	- at the level of hanging kitchen cabinets
	Such measurements are necessary, since these three values are not always equal to each other, and this can cause certain difficulties when placing furniture, for example, if the room narrows upwards. The corresponding levels are indicated by the following symbols:
	- a– plinth height, usually 100 ÷ 150 mm;
	- b- height of countertops, 820 ÷ 870 mm;
	- with– top of kitchen cabinets – 2100 mm
H	Total room height
D,G	The position of the gas riser relative to the corners, above and at the level of the connection point of the stove
V	The height of the ventilation outlet. Its size and position relative to the angle are immediately measured.
R	The position of the window relative to the corner of the room
U	Dimensions (window length and height)
	*Similar measurements are carried out for a door not shown in the diagram.*
k and h	The height of the window opening and the height of the window sill above the floor
W	The location of the heating riser. At the same time, the position and dimensions of the battery itself (if necessary) and its connection points are measured.

After all necessary measurements you can proceed to planning the placement of the kitchen.

Kitchen layout planning

The process of planning a future kitchen will require the owners to concentrate all their creative forces. The work is carried out with the expectation of long-term use without additional alterations, so the rush in this matter is absolutely inappropriate.

Surely the owners already have some established preferences for kitchen furniture, a refrigerator, a gas or electric stove or a hob. This means that it will be necessary to determine exactly whether this choice corresponds to the size of the kitchen, and how it would be more correct to organize the placement of all items in the room with the expectation of the most comfortable operation and taking into account existing rules.

How to approach planning from a practical point of view - everyone decides for himself. People with artistic talent prefer to sketch in color - this way it is easier for them to imagine the future interior of the kitchen.

For lovers modern approach, with the appropriate skills, many computer applications have been created, from purely graphic programs(such as CorelDRAW) to real engineering CAD, allowing you to work, including with 3D layouts.

You can do it differently. From a piece of packing cardboard, it is easy to glue a model of a room on a scale of, say, 1:10 (1 m of a real room = 10 cm on the model). On the same scale, models of large household appliances, which will be placed in the kitchen, and pieces of furniture are cut out of a piece of foam plastic.

“Playing with cubes”, that is, moving objects around the “kitchen” and hanging “lockers” with a piece of plasticine, it will be possible to arrive at the optimal layout.

Things to consider:

The gas riser cannot be moved. True, flexible gas hoses up to four meters long are now allowed, so the owners have a certain degree of freedom with the location of the stove.
No one forbids building up water and sewer pipes or completely laying new ones. At the same time, the allowable length of flexible hoses for connecting the mixer in the sink should not exceed 1.5 m (the smaller, the better, since this is always a vulnerable area ).

For safety reasons, a gas or electric stove should not be located near a window or near a sink. Also absolutely not allowed its proximity to tall vertical pieces of kitchen furniture and a refrigerator.
If exhaust ventilation is planned, then it is more expedient to place the stove as close to the vent as possible so that you do not have to pull a long pipe or box.

Now let's move on to comfort.

There is the concept of the "working triangle of the kitchen." This is a conditionally limited space, which accounts for the bulk of the movements of the hostess in the process of cooking. Typically, such a triangle is defined by three "vertices" - a gas stove, a sink and a refrigerator.

The working triangle of the kitchen is the area where the activities of the hostess are concentrated when cooking.

It is clear that the kitchen will be the more comfortable, the less unnecessary movements the hostess will have to make in the process of work. But, at the same time, it should not be too tight to hamper movements and prevent accidental touches with hands or body to dangerous places(plate) and other items. Usually, a triangle is considered close to ideal, in which the sink is located approximately 1 ÷ 1.2 m from the stove and 1.2 ÷ 2 m from the refrigerator.

It is clear that in practice it is not always possible to achieve the ideal. Depending on the configuration of the room and its area, one of the main schemes is selected, which can be somewhat varied applicable to specific conditions. Miniatures of such schemes are presented in the table. The red line highlights the working triangle of the kitchen.

Scheme	Short description
	Linear arrangement. Typical for narrow or elongated rooms. The triangle turns into a line, with a sink, a refrigerator and a stove at the edges in the center. Suitable for wall lengths from 2 to 3.5 meters, otherwise it will be either very crowded or extreme points will be too scattered.
	Corner, L-shaped arrangement, usually used in typical small-sized kitchens, although it is also perfect for a spacious room. Even in the most cramped conditions, it becomes possible to allocate a dining area that does not intersect with the working triangle.
	Double row arrangement. It can be as shown in the diagram, or with the arrangement of rows along opposite walls. The latter is relevant in those rare cases, when a through passage is organized through the kitchen.
	U-shaped placement covers three adjacent walls. One of the most successful locations, if the area of \u200b\u200bthe room allows, since there should be a space of at least 1.3 ÷ 1.5 m between opposite rows.
	Island location - either the sink or the stove is placed in the center of the room. It is clear that such an arrangement is possible only in very spacious kitchens, and is calculated, frankly, "for an amateur."
	A G-shaped or peninsular arrangement suggests a protruding part that separates the workspace from the dining area. Often a bar counter is used for this purpose. It is clear that the area of \u200b\u200bthe kitchen should be very impressive.

Drawing up a project and selecting suitable pieces of furniture and kitchen appliances for it, of course, will take a lot of time. However, it is impossible to move forward without this. There is a laying of communications, wiring of power lines - all this is often associated with dirty and dusty work on chasing walls and even floors, and you need to clearly know what should be done and where.

If the planning is successfully completed, go directly to the practical repair work.

Video: some interesting ideas for a small kitchen

Repair work

Surface cleaning

If the repair is carried out in a kitchen that has served a lot earlier, then for sure the surfaces of the walls and ceiling, doors and windows are soaked with old fumes, which you must definitely get rid of.

All old coatings are removed from the walls - whether it be wallpaper or painting, tiled cladding(if it is not supposed to be left). There is no single advice in matters of cleaning - all possible means are used: spatulas, scrapers, moistening the wall or firing with building hair dryer. If areas of swollen plaster are revealed, then they are mercilessly beaten off to the base of the wall. Similar actions are taken on the ceiling - there should not be any weak and dirty places, even if you have to reach a bare brick (concrete) wall or floor slab.

It is recommended not to be limited to cleaning, but also to thoroughly rinse the surfaces with a solution that is made from water and kitchen detergent(1:20) with the addition of table vinegar. Cleaning is carried out with a metallized sponge, and then washed at least twice with clean water.

After the surfaces are cleaned and washed, it is advisable to carry out the first stage of their “treatment” by treating them twice with a penetrating antiseptic. This will give not only a disinfecting effect - a temporary strengthening of the surfaces will be achieved, before finishing work.

All surfaces must be "treated" with a primer - antiseptic

In the event that old wooden windows and doors are planned to be left, then all their surfaces are also cleaned of old paint– by washing, scraping, firing, grinding, etc.

Prices different kinds primers

Primer

Floor and ceiling preparation

On the floor, as a rule, the old coating needs to be replaced. It is dismantled, construction debris is taken out, and the condition of the surface is carefully examined. Very often you have to beat off the old screed in order to get to the "healthy" floor slab.

It will be extremely inconvenient to carry out further work, having an uneven floor after dismantling, so it is better to immediately deal with the screed device. It is poured in such a way that the thickness of the planned finish coating is taken into account.

The skirting boards remain. The peculiarity of their use in the kitchen is that they are not only decorative element, but protecting the junction of the floor and walls from penetration into the corner of moisture and dirt. This presents them special requirements for installation - skirting boards must be mounted to the walls not only on fasteners, but also on a sealed solid adhesive base (for example, "liquid nails"). There should be no gap between the wall and the baseboard. If, nevertheless, a small gap remains (due to the slight curvature of the wall), then it should be sealed with a color-matched sealant.

Mounting the plinth on "liquid nails"

It is not worth installing wooden skirting boards - they do not like high humidity. There are many different models made of plastic or other composite materials on sale.

flooring prices

Floor coverings

⃰ ⃰ ⃰ ⃰ ⃰

In fact, you can “put an end” - the repair of the kitchen can be considered complete. It remains to deliver the selected and household appliances, carefully unpack and consistently install them in the planned places. Installation and connection are made in accordance with the instructions attached to the products - but this is already beyond the scope of our article.

Here is such an approximately “thorny path” that owners who wish to carry out repairs in the kitchen on their own will have to go through. It is worth evaluating your capabilities very well, and it is possible that the choice will still be made in favor of calling qualified craftsmen. However - "not the gods burn the pots." Be bolder!