Heating boilers on pellets (wood granules). Pellet boiler connection circuit. What is the feature of pellets

Pellets - wood and other waste of woodworking or agricultural enterprises, which are small pressed cylindrical granules. They are used as fuel for pellet boilers. Pellet boilers, like any other varieties of solid fuel heating equipment, is one of the few reasonable solutions in the absence of a house connection to the gas pipeline.

Device and principle of operation

A complex of such equipment consists of several parts: a boiler, a bunker for loading fuel and conveyor for its feed to the furnace. The boiler has a burner, a fan that blows the air into the burning zone, all sorts of sensors to control the feed of the pellets and cleaning equipment from ash, as well as the control system responsible for consistency in the operation of all heating equipment. Schematically, the device of pellet boilers is shown in the figure below.

It works all about as follows:

1. the fuel loaded in the bunker Self and the Schneck is transferred to the furnace;
2. in the furnace is the burner with electrical system ignition, which flammifies pellets, providing burning granules. To increase the efficiency of combustion, air is supplied to the fan under pressure under pressure;
3. the heated air passes through the heat exchanger, increasing the temperature of the coolant circulating in the heating system;
4. the spent gases are removed from the smoke system. By the way about the chimney - in modern boilers, the fuel combines almost completely, and the furnace gases almost completely consist of carbon dioxide and water vapor

Schematically and very brief technological processes Listed in the figure below.

Why is it worth considering the purchase of a pellet boiler as an alternative to any other equipment using gas in cylinders, coal or kerosene as fuel? There are several reasons:

• the cost of fuel. It is relatively inexpensive, and every year more and more enterprises launches fuel pellet production lines, which makes them even more accessible to the Russian consumer. So, the price of them varies from 4,000 to 7000 rubles. per ton. On average, the heating of the house in 200 squares is necessary up to 10 tons of fuel. It is easy to calculate that heating costs for 7 months will be approximately 40-60 thousand rubles. At least as long as the value of the pellet is their advantage - it is not known what will happen when the demand for such fuel will increase;
• ecology. With the use of wood granules, the problem of waste disposal is solved - you minimize the damage to nature, simultaneously listening to your home. Not in vain pellets are counted to the category of biofuels;
• automation of the boiler operation process. Granulated fuel has the necessary flowability for the portion feed of the screws and under the action of gravity. You can download a spacious bunker for the equipment during the week;
• minor waste. Low fuel ash content (about 1%) minimize the complexity of the boiler maintenance

Immediately alleged that one of the most significant "shortcomings" of heating equipment, the fuel for which pellets serve is its high price. Of course, it can vary in the widest limits, based on the power of the boiler, its efficiency, reliability, functionality and other characteristics. But the cost of even the most accessible models begins in the region of 200 thousand rubles. Also, the disadvantages should be attributed to the dependence of the operation of the system from the power supply.

The first thing to pay attention to when choosing is the power of the boiler. It should exceed a rated value by 10%. Increased power directly affects the volume of the bunker, the size of the complex, as well as the cost of equipment. When it changes temperature conditions The system performance is easily adjustable. Pellet consumption depends on the boiler model and its settings.

To find out what approximately the power of the boiler is needed in your case, we propose to use our convenient calculator. I want to believe that its use will not be associated with any difficulties, and the results obtained will facilitate your search.

Internal room temperature, with (usually 20 or 21 s)

The air temperature is the coldest five days, with (by SNiP 23-01-99 "Construction climatology") the meaning to enter with the sign "-"

Number of floors

Ceiling height, m

Overlapping below

Foundation Wooden floors above the basement Previous floor

Overlapping above

Attic floors next floor

Exterior walls

Brick wall in 1 brick (25 cm) Brick wall 1.5 bricks (38 cm) Brick wall in 2 bricks (51 cm) Brick wall 2.5 bricks (64 cm) Brick wall in 3 bricks (76 cm) Credit From the bar 10 cm thick cut from a bar with a thickness of 15 cm Logrub from a bar with a thickness of 20 cm Logged from logs D \u003d 20 cm Logged from logs D \u003d 25 cm Frame (board + Minvat + Board) -20 cm Foam concrete 20 cm Foam concrete 30 cm thick 15 cm alende concrete D400 thickness 20 cm aerated concrete D400 thickness 25 cm aerated concrete D400 thickness 30 cm 2200 cm thick 30 cm thick + 0,5 bricks aerated concrete D400 thickness 37.5 cm aerated concrete D400 thickness 37.5 cm 22 cm aerated concrete Ceramzit concrete blocks (40 cm) + 1 brick (12 cm) thermoblocks with a thickness of 25 cm ceramic blocks Superumermo, 57 cm URSA Pureone 34 Rn, 10 cm

Width, M.

Number of exterior walls

Length 1 Wall, m

Length 2 walls, m

Length 3 Walls, M

Length 4 Walls, m

The number of windows of this type

Window width, m

Window height, m

Add a new window type?

The usual window with double frame frames (glass thickness is 4 mm) - 4-16-4 double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm) - 4-AR16-4 double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm) - 4-16-4K double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm ) - 4-AR16-4K Two-chamber glass windows - 4-6-4-6-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR6-4-AR6-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-6-4-6-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR6- 4-AR6-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-8-4-8-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR8-4-AR8-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-8-4-8-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR8-4 AR8-4K two-chamber glass windows - 4-10-4-10-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR10-4-AR10-4 two-chamber glass windows - 4-10-4-10-4K two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR10-4-AR10 4K two-chamber glass windows - 4-12-4-12-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR12-4-AR12-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-12-4-12-4K two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR12-4-AR12-4K two-chamber Double-glazed glass - 4-16-4-16-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR16-4-AR16-4 Two-chamber glass windows - 4-16-4-16-4K two-chamber glass Ket - 4-AR16-4-AR16-4K

The number of windows of this type

Window width, m

Window height, m

Add a new window type?

The usual window with double frame frames (glass thickness is 4 mm) - 4-16-4 double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm) - 4-AR16-4 double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm) - 4-16-4K double-glazed windows (glass thickness 4 mm ) - 4-AR16-4K Two-chamber glass windows - 4-6-4-6-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR6-4-AR6-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-6-4-6-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR6- 4-AR6-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-8-4-8-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR8-4-AR8-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-8-4-8-4K Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR8-4 AR8-4K two-chamber glass windows - 4-10-4-10-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR10-4-AR10-4 two-chamber glass windows - 4-10-4-10-4K two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR10-4-AR10 4K two-chamber glass windows - 4-12-4-12-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR12-4-AR12-4 two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-12-4-12-4K two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR12-4-AR12-4K two-chamber Double-glazed glass - 4-16-4-16-4 Two-chamber double-glazed windows - 4-AR16-4-AR16-4 Two-chamber glass windows - 4-16-4-16-4K two-chamber glass Ket - 4-AR16-4-AR16-4K

The number of windows of this type

Window width, m

Window height, m

The need for GVS

Ventilation

About the flow of Pellet.

The minimum flow of pellets for low-power models, for example, at 15 kW is about 1.1-1.3 kg / h. Such values \u200b\u200boccur during when heat is not directed to heating boiler (not included with hot water), the house is insulated and heat losses Through its structural elements are insignificant. In the usual case, they are talking about the averaged nominal flow rate of fuel, which for equipment at 15 kW is approximately 3.3-3.7 kg / h. It is worth navigating when choosing a boiler. As power increases, the burner is growing and appetite. Dependency is close to a straight line, the nominal flow of pellets is approximately:

- for 15 kW of the boiler - 3.3-3.7 kg / h;
- for 25 kW of the boiler - 5.2-6.0 kg / h;
- for 50 kW of the boiler - 10.7-11.6 kg / h;
- for 75 kW of the boiler - 16.5-17.7 kg / h;
- for 100 kW of the boiler - 21,4-23.3 kg / h

The most fuel is spent at the stage of the outlet of the boiler to the mode of operation, when the first portions of the pellets and the heating of the boiler are up to the operating temperature. Modern models It is easily programmed, so you can always set a smaller temperature for the night or in the absence of residents at home.

A screw that serves fuel from the bunker in the firebox may be tough and flexible. The first option is more reliable and inexpensive. A flexible auger allows you to effectively use the area of \u200b\u200bthe boiler room, its length can vary in wider limits (up to 10 m and more).

About the types of burners and not only

Important attention should be paid to the type of burner. The principle of operation of the burner is due to the difference in supply of fuel: in the combustion zone from above (flare type) or bottom (retort type). It is believed that for the device in private houses, the installation of boilers with a retort burner is more suitable, because In this case, it is possible to clean the boiler from ash. The burners are movable (for bad fuel) and fixed (for better fuel). As in the appearance of the bunker and the boiler, determine what technology does the burner work for? Everything is pretty prose: if you see a flexible plastic corrugation that connects the hopper and the burner at an angle of about 45?, Then we are talking about a ber with a flare burner. In all other cases, it is likely that you have a retort burner before you (with a lower fuel supply).

It is also necessary to take into account the volume of the bunker. It depends on how often you have to visit the boiler room in order to replenish the fuel reserve. Normally, when it has to do 1-2 times a week. However, today manufacturers offer solutions involving the use of pneumatic transport to replenish the bunker directly from the warehouse. In such cases, in the fall, you can download the bunker in the storage room, and the boiler visit only to remove the container with ash. The only nuance is such automation costs serious money.

You need to think carefully about how the boiler will be used: for heating, for water heating or both. If it is needed only for heating, you can safely save - single-mount boilers All other characteristics are usually cheaper than double-circuit. If the water is also expected to heating for household purposes, then it is worth thinking about the volume of the boiler - based on the consumption hot water in family.

I would also like to pay attention to the ignition system. It is usually electrical and highly energy intensive. You can safely save if you disconnect this system and you will independently start the boiler: it is enough to pour in the burner pellets, pour them with liquid for ignition and light. Either use an autonomous gas burner, which is initiated by ignition when necessary.

Well, of course, much depends on the manufacturer. Below we consider the features of the most popular models of pellet boilers.

Popular patterns of boilers

As alternative source Heat abroad pellets already use two decades. This causes the fact that almost every serious manufacturer of boiler equipment has several models of pellet boilers. The most popular names that may come across you when searching for heating equipment: Katurami, Kostrzheva and Virbel.

Name of undercarriage import models of pellet boilers

Manufacturer	Mark Kotla			Approximate prices
Kiturami (Kituri), South Korea	KRP.	20A.	24 kW / 300 m2	from 170,000 rubles.
		50A.	58.5 kW / 580 m2	from 275,000 rubles.
Kostrzewa (Kostrzheva), Poland	Pellets Fuzzy Logic 2	15	15 kW / 150 m2	from 230000 rubles.
		25	25 kW / 250 m2	from 240000 rubles.
		40	40 kW / 400 m2	from 300,000 rubles.
		50	50 kW / 500 m2	from 330000 rubles.
		75	75 kW / 750 m2	from 460000 rubles.
		100	100 kW / 1000 m2	from 570000 rubles.
	Compact Bio.	10	10 kW / 100 m2	from 210000 rubles.
		16	16 kW / 160 m2	from 220000 rubles.
		24	24 kW / 240 m2	from 235,000 rubles.
	Pellets 100.	16	16 kW / 160 m2	from 190,000 rubles.
		24	24 kW / 240 m2	from 200,000 rubles.
		32	32 kW / 320 m2	from 220000 rubles.
		40	40 kW / 400 m2	from 240000 rubles.
Wirbel, Austria	EKO 3 Pellet.	20	20 kW / 250 m2	from 190,000 rubles.
		30	30 kW / 300 m2	from 215,000 rubles.
		50	50 kW / 520 m2	from 295000 rubles.
		90	100 kW / 1000 m2	from 430000 rubles.
	EKO CK Pellet Set	20	20 kW / 180 m2	from 240000 rubles.
		25	25 kW / 230 m2	from 245000 rubles.
		30	30 kW / 270 m2	from 250000 rubles.
		35	35 kW / 330 m2	from 256,000 rubles.
		40	40 kW / 360 m2	from 280,000 rubles.
		50	50 kW / 450 m2	from 290000 rubles.
		70	70 kW / 600 m2	from 505000 rubles.
		90	90 kW / 800 m2	from 520000 rubles.
	EKO CK Pellet Plus	25	25 kW / 240 m2	from 380000 rubles.
		35	35 kW / 340 m2	from 400000 rubles.
		50	50 kW / 490 m2	from 500,000 rubles.

At the same time, today you have the opportunity to support the domestic manufacturer. Many models of Russian equipment can compete with foreign counterparts. Moreover, their cost is more than competitive.

Pellet boilers of Russian production

Manufacturer	Mark Kotla		Maximum power / heated area	Approximate prices
Zota	Pellet	15A.	15 kW / 150 m2	from 150,000 rubles.
		25A.	25 kW / 250 m2	from 190,000 rubles.
		40A.	40 kW / 400 m2	from 220000 rubles.
		63a	60 kW / 650 m2	from 250000 rubles.
		100A.	100 kW / 1000 m2	from 370000 rubles.
General	Peresvet.	10m (MA)	10 kW / 100 m2	from 130,000 rubles.
		16m (MA)	16 kW / 160 m2	from 140,000 rubles.
		20m (MA)	20 kW / 200 m2	from 150,000 rubles.
		30m (MA)	30 kW / 300 m2	from 160,000 rubles.
	Valdai	15ma	15 kW / 150 m2	from 110000 rubles.
		22 Ma	22 kW / 200 m2	from 120000 rubles.
		33 Ma	33 kW / 300 m2	from 140,000 rubles.
		50 Ma	50 kW / 500 m2	from 166,000 rubles.
Pelletron.	Pelletron.	20t	28 kW / 400 m2	from 70,000 rubles.
		40T	48 kW / 700 m2	from 100,000 rubles.
Teplodar	Cooper	OK15	15 kW / 150 m2	from 70,000 rubles.
		OK30.	30 kW / 300 m2	from 80,000 rubles.

Pellet boiler - heating equipmentPellet - special video Solid fuel. Pellets are called granules produced by the pressing waste of the woodworking industry.

The principle of operation of boilers and their internal device

There are three types of devices:

• specialized equipment operating only on pellet;
• boilers that can work on pellet only limited time, as with backup fuel;
• universal equipment operating with any kind of solid fuel.

The pellet boiler device includes three key elements: a burner boiler itself, a granule feeding mechanism, a fuel storage tank. The equipment works like this: Granules are sent from the container to the furnace and burn there; Next heat heats the heat carrier, which transmits energy to the room.

Thanks to the design features of the furnace, the device is able to produce up to 96% of the efficiency. The heat exchanger can be steel (there is a risk of corrosion) or pig-iron (sensitive to hydrowards). The equipment is equipped with automatic, which controls fuel refueling and monitors set temperature. Power household appliances It ranges from 10 to 100 kilowatt, while industrial pellet boilers can be very powerful - up to 1500 kilowatt.

The boiler is characterized by ease of service. Depending on the intensity of the operation and volume of the bunker, the supply of new granules is carried out every 3-15 days. It is also necessary to periodically clean the channels and throw away the ash accumulated in the reservoir.

Benefits of the boiler on pellet

Among the most obvious advantages should be allocated:

• Rational fuel consumption. Granules are lit so that waste does not remain.
• The relatively low cost of fuel in comparison with coal or firewood.
• Reasonable prices for pellet boilers. Gas and electrical equipment is more expensive.
• Operation and maintenance of such equipment does not differ in difficulty.
• Ecology equipment.

Criteria for the choice of boiler

To determine which pellet boiler to choose, you need to look at the individual characteristics of the equipment. There are a number of parameters that have a direct impact on the efficiency of the device.

Type of burner

Two types of burners are common: retort and ancient. The first are adapted to medium quality granules and do not need frequent cleaning. Cell burners need to be regularly cleaned and they need high-quality fuel with low ash content.

Degree of automation

Pellet devices are in varying degrees are equipped with automation tools. Particularly interesting is the function of informing a homeowner on events in the heating system by SMS. Moreover, you can not only receive messages, but also remotely adjust the operation of the system by sending SMS.

A type of auger (feeder)

The system may have a flexible or rigid auger. Hard auger structurally simple and is inexpensive. However, this element has drawbacks. First, if the length cannot exceed the pair of meters, and secondly, due to the rigid binding to the burner it is impossible to change the position of the auger. As a result, the surrounding space cannot be used rationally. You can solve the problem with the help of another auger on the electric motor.

Flexible auger can be installed at a greater distance - up to 12 meters. Also, the feed line may be any geometric shape. The main minus of such a system is a sophisticated auger.

Device heat exchanger

There are many options for heat exchangers:

• vertical or horizontal;
• tubular or flat;
• from different options moves and turns;
• with devices for the twist of gases and without that.

Optimal option The heat exchanger is considered vertical type With a swirl and two-three strokes. The advantage of such a design is the possibility of reducing the temperature of the flue gases, so that most of the heat does not go into the pipe, and heats the room. Also, the vertical device does not contribute to the accumulation of ash inside the equipment.

By purchasing the boiler should ask the seller in the warehouse of spare parts to it or the efficiency of supplying them to the store if necessary. Device maintenance can be carried out only by a certified employee.

Making boiler

Below is presented step-by-step instruction About how to independently build a pellet boiler with your own hands. As structural materials, it is possible to use steel pipes or sheets with a thickness of 3 to 5 millimeters. Also necessary tool - Bulgarian and welding machine. In the absence of welder skills, you can seek help to the appropriate specialist.

The workflow consists of several stages:

Assembly works

The easiest way to create a boiler horizontal type. The system is based on the heat exchanger of the rectangular shape made of pipes with a square cross section. This section allows you to create high-quality butt seams.

We start with the workpiece. Cut the pipe on parts of the desired length. Making round holes for pipes in the profile for vertical stand. In the front pipes cutting holes for drainage and pipes. The drainage will be two: one for cold water - downstairs, the second - at the top - for warm water.

To do the holes, use a gas or electric welding cutter. Holes process the grinder.

After completed with the holes, weld the rear and front part of the apparatus. Seams should be very high quality, so we have pipes and racks on smooth surface For convenient work.

Weld side pipes as well round pipes To heat exchanger. It needs to be installed in a fireworks of refractory brick. Fix the welding square profile. Assembly works are completed.

Pellet boilers of heating must be checked for tightness. To do this, make the following steps:

• put the design to the vertical position;
• we close the bottom hole;
• pour water through the hole up the tank.

If there are no leaks, you can start assembly.

Note! If leaks are available, even if minor, you need to re-produce welding. Leaks are not allowed.

Installing the boiler

We begin mounting work with the insertion of the heat exchanger in the already ready-made body. This element of the system should stop more detail. The hull must be made of chammed brick on a concrete foundation. Brickwork is made by technology, which is used when creating kitchen ovens. It is important that the size of the hull makes it possible to have at least a centimeter distance between the heat exchanger and the walls from the inside.

After docking all the elements, we definitely check the quality of the welds. If everything is in order, check the device for performance.

Important! Under no circumstances to place the boiler in the premises where there are fire hazard or explosive substancesFor example, gas cylinders.

Methods for improving the efficiency

Fuel boilers suffer from one common drawback - they lose thermal energy, moving together with combustion products through the chimney. To avoid heat loss, you can apply special heating shields for which pipes are linked. At the expense of its device, the heating shield holds back heat, which would otherwise go into the chimney.

Tip! To increase the coefficient useful action You can put circulation pump Directly into the heating system, as well as additional heat exchangers.

Connecting to networks

The strapping of the pellet boiler includes such a list of installation work:

• pumping contours;
• fuses;
• expansion tank;
• shut-off reinforcement.

Also need to docile the boiler with a reverse and feed circuit, fill the circuit with the heat carrier, conduct crimping and test equipment.

The strapping should be performed very high quality, as marriage in the work can lead to a violation of the functionality of the equipment. This may not only withdraw the boiler, but also to create a threat to the security of residents at home. According to the rules of security during the strapping, it is permissible to use only fire-resistant metal pipes. The use of polypropylene is extremely undesirable, and technically inexpedient, as the coolant will have a greater temperature than it is able to withstand this material.

The boiler connects to networks by sequential execution of the following actions:

• put the boiler;
• connect the burner;
• mount the pellet bunker;
• we connect the conveyor (auger);
• we join the automation.

• we put the security groups consisting of an automatic air drain, pressure gauge and reset valve;
• install the sensor for the thermal valve;
• we produce chimney installation;
• installing feeders for feeding: a pair of cranes for feeding and reverse, thermal head and circulating pump.
• we complement the system of uninterruptible power supply (if necessary).

Using the reverse stream makes it possible to keep control of the heat carrier heating indicator before it enters the heating system. The coolant will be contained only in a small circle circulation until the reverse temperature increases to a certain level. When temperature mode It will achieve the desired value, a cold coolant will be supplied through the thermal head, and the main circle will circulate hot.

Note! The boiler should not work with a cold coolant. If its temperature is below 55 degrees, condensate begins to form, which leads to increased accumulation of soot in the chimney and heat exchanger.

1. Chimney for a pellet boiler is recommended to equip the condensate tap. The best material for removal is a stainless steel. General rule - The greater the height of the outlet, the better. It is also desirable to provide for cleaning the chimney in automatic mode.
2. Pellets need to be stored in a specially adapted room with high-quality waterproofing. Pellets should be dry.
3. An additional tank battery will save up to 30% of fuel, as well as prevent overheating and increase the efficiency of the boiler.

The assembly and installation of a pellet boiler requires certain skills and technical knowledge. At the same time, if everything is done competently, the owner of the house at relatively low cost will receive at its disposal a very practical and productive system of heating.

Pellet boiler - a source of economical heat, located either a separately worthwhile device, or having a built-in design capable of heating as separate roomAnd the whole house. For heating adjacent rooms from one boiler used ventilation system Air ducts or simple ventilation holes between the rooms, and the temperature difference between the premises is very small and does not affect the comfortable stay of people.

Water, gas or electric heating approached the peak of their efficiency on efficiency, but they are not always available, especially in remote from gas highways settlements Or cottage villages, but about separately standing at home, and there is nothing to say ...

Evaluating economic and practical developments, consumers are increasingly stopping their choice on pellet boilers preferring them to other heating systems.

Pellet boiler

The main nodes of pellet boilers are the combustion chamber, burner, pellet bunker and automation.
Pellets, a type of hard fuel, on the first century fall into the predett, and from the implementation of the burner - on the nozzle along the inner screw.
After hitting pellet granules on the nozzle, the automation automatics produces automatic ignition, accompanied by a further complete burning of the pellets submitted.

For reference: Pellets (eng. Pellet's.) - these are fuel wood granules having a form of small cylinders of wood sawdust, formed under high pressure. Chemical imparters and other harmful substances are completely absent.

Callerity 1 kg Pellets is equal to 5 kW / hour absolutely eco-friendly heat. And this is as much as it gives the floor of the liter of diesel fuel. At the same time, pellets are fully burned and more efficient than firewood, they are denser and occupy less space, besides, pellets are not prone to random self-burning. CO 2 emissions are significantly less than that of coal, and the greenhouse effect, as a result, decreases.

Cleaning ash is performed relatively infrequently - once a week or less, and once a year the chimney should be serviced.

Somewhat simple but important rulesThanks to which, after installation, a pellet boiler will not require additional events and alterations:

• it is better that the pellet boiler is installed in a separate room (an extension, basement, etc.);
• paul in boiler room - concrete or ceramic tile;
• the location of the boiler should provide care, cleaning and repair without difficulties, and from the front wall of the boiler to the opposite wall - at least one meter;
• the room temperature where a pellet boiler is installed is not less than + 10˚C, humidity is normal.
• in accordance with the capacity of the boiler, it is necessary to provide a supply and exhaust ventilation in the boiler room.

Why does an automatic pellet boiler become popular?

High efficiency

KPD of burning wood in pure and dry form in open flame It is approximately 35%, but pellets of the same mass burning at exactly the same conditions produce up to 85% of efficiency. And in some pellet furnaces, an additional water circuit of heating is provided for wiring the heated water by premises, which increases their efficiency even up to 93%.

• Kpd. electrical Energy – 97,0%;
• Kpd. natural Gas. – 87,1%;
• The efficiency of wood pellets - 86-93%.

Automation and convenience

Pellet reserve storage is carried out in a special bunker associated with the combustion chamber. Feeding Pellet to the boiler is fully automated, taking into account the weekly program asked by the consumer himself! In addition to the obvious fuel economy, there is a less noticeable advantage - convenience, as a couple of hours before the company or family at the cottage, the kittel himself will turn on Razhigi, will establish an even flame and will meet you with cozy warmth in the house.

According to your program, let's say at midnight, the pellet boiler smoothly turns off the heating, so that it slepts stronger at a lower temperature, and in the morning it will turn on, so that guests and hosts can wake up in cold, and in warm room. Manage automatics can be implemented with the display buttons or using a convenient remote control.

Bunker pellet boiler

A mid-size bunker (200-300 liters) is calculated until 3 days of the continuous operation of the boiler. Pellet consumption for the middle power boiler (25 kW) is less than 5 kg per day, compare with firewood.

In addition to the inner bunker, the device is more compatible, external, which is limited only by the desire and free volume of the storage. Most often, this bunker becomes quite large plastic barrel or even more spacious design of metal corners, trimmed by sheet plywood.

Large plastic bag (Big BEG), in which pellets are supplied, with neat unloading, too, can also become a kind of bunker in which 500 to 800 kg of pellets are stored. Since the loading of an external bunker is being implemented outside the room, then tolerate pellets around the house will not have to.

Exploitation

The control system is monitored, the burner for a pellet boiler is loaded not more than a pellet's hand at the same time, so the overheating of the system is impossible. For the completion of the next portion of the fuel after pressing the shutdown button of the pellet boiler will be required 5, a maximum of 10 minutes! After that, the burning is completely stopped.

Environmental Safety

In the pellet boilers, the air supply circuit for combustion is completely separated from the heating circuit of air heating, which eliminates oxygen from the destructive effect of "burnout", so in the room comfortable. Many users provide for a fence of air from the basement, which additionally ventilates and dried the basement. Possibility of hitting carbon monoxide The premises are completely excluded.

What else should be emphasized when it comes to the benefits of pellet boilers:

• low noise and little electricity fan ensures uniform circulation of heated air;
• total electricity consumption (fan + automation) - no more than 60 watts;
• since the fuel combines much better than ordinary dry wood, then combustion products are really minimal;
• if you compare with a traditional oven, even if high Quality, burnt pellets will leave twice smaller than soot and ash;
• the heating system works on air heating, not the case, which makes it safe for children or animals;
• spacious bunker - self-sufficiency pellet furnace fuel.
• work control - thermostat, timer or intelligent control systems is a secure continuous boiler operation.

For reference: 1 ton pellets will be about one and a half or two cubic meters in its volume, which will provide an opportunity to provide yourself with a large fuel reserve (2-4 tons of pellets \u003d 4-6 m cubic meter. Volume, which is not so much).

Per last years Developed by several comfortable systems Feed Pellet to the boiler (pneumatic, screw and others), so the buyer has the ability to choose.

Disadvantages of the boiler on pellet

But, we will not idealize the situation, not everything is so simple, there is, of course, and a small spoon of tar.

Although the pellets are produced from wood waste, but on the unit of highlighted heat, their value still exceeds the cost of ordinary firewood. Therefore, for convenience you have to pay extra.

Storage Pellet requires creating certain conditionsHere, a simple canopy will not cost. From water or high humidity Pellets swell and fall apart, and the augers can be clogged. Therefore, they should be stored in a dry room, for example in the basement.

Cost of the kit additional equipment Together with the pellet boiler of medium power, and this voltage stabilizer and the benzogenerator will be about 250 thousand rubles. What can you agree very expensive.
Consumption pellets in winter is about 1 ton per month. Having learned the cost of Pellets in your region, you will easily calculate what winter will be withdrawn in a private house. The price is comparable to electrical installation and is more expensive than natural gas. On the other hand, ever-growing energy tariffs allow us to assume that you are still for pellet boilers.

Video review - 15kW boiler on pellets.

Results and findings

Started in 1979, the successful operation of solid fuel, including pellet boilers, gave excellent statistical data. The use of advanced technologies for the production of equipment and raw materials led to a significant improvement in the quality, safety and effectiveness of pellet boilers, not only comparable, but in many ways exceeding other heating technologies.

In modern society, houses are increasingly being built with autonomous systems Heating, so the demand for wood fuel is growing steadily, as this is a natural and renewable source of thermal energy. Pellets prices, due to the availability of the feedstock, are quite stable, which you will not say about other energy carriers: here the pellet boiler becomes both economically and an ecologically justified decision.

The price of the pellet boiler depends on the heating area, but, as calculations show, the larger area, the lower the payback period. For small areas, this period is three or four years, and for large - from one to two years.

Peillet heating plants create healthy competition to other heating systems. First of all, due to environmental friendliness and efficiency. Even despite the high cost of such equipment, it will be able to make himself every two to three years. But if you make a pellet boiler with your own hands, then savings increase several times.

Principle of operation and features of the device

The pellet boiler device includes a screw construction for fuel supply and a swimming mechanism that provides fast ignition of pellets. And also the system includes a fan that provides forced air supply. It greatly improves the combustion process.

Razhigig is triggered only when the fuel present in the furnace turns well. In automatic mode, pellets enroll in the furnace as needed. The combustion leads to the formation of hot gases, which passing through the chimney, give up to 95% of useful heat.

Air flow is automatically adjusted based on the optimal parameters of the boiler. Human participation in the whole process of work is not required. Control if necessary, you can guide remotely from the remote.

An important feature is that fuel is supplied only until the maximum desired temperature is reached. It will be resumed only after the temperature falls to the minimum values.

And as the advantages of peellet furnaces, you can allocate:

• a small volume of combustion chamber;
• the bulk of heat (up to 70%) is removed in the design itself;
• a very high efficiency indicator reaching 96%;
• if the device is equipped with an additional water supply circuit, the heat obtained can be used, for example, for the heating of rooms.

Exist different types Pellet boilers:

1. 1. Boilers operating exclusively on wood pellets.
2. 2. Combined models that can work not only on peellet, but also if necessary on firewood or coal.
3. 3. Universal, capable of working almost on any kind of solid fuel.

Price policy is different. Thus, the most expensive options will be universal ovens / boilers, which, due to the ability to use different types of fuel, have a more complex design.

pellet boiler with his own hands 3h

Advantages and disadvantages

Make a competent scheme and know the unit of the unit is not enough for a full-fledged weighted solution to create a homemade furnace operating on extruded waste from wood. It is also necessary to take into account all the advantages and disadvantages of the design.

To the mainstream positive moments You can attribute:

Benefits include such a feature of peellet furnaces, like no unpleasant odors and black smokeWhat makes the design eco-friendly.

Pellet boiler with his own hands - Test! Pellet Boiler with their hands.

But there are similar aggregates and unpleasant parties, which should also be taken into account in the preparation of the heating equipment scheme.

• high cost of component import production for self-assembly furnaces;
• due to the fact that it is not very developed, the complexity appears with the purchase of fuel;
• to automate the process, it will be necessary to further take into account the costs of electricity, since all equipment equipment runs on electricity.

When stopping the unit for a while more than 10 hours, it is necessary to conduct a new setting.

Also have to think about the power source. In order to avoid unforeseen power outages, the autonomous generator will be better installed.

pellet boiler with her hands 5h

Independent manufacture

When there is a question about choosing a pellet boiler, it is worth considering two important factors. The first implies the use of the finished factory option. But here you have to accept the fact that the design will not be adapted to individual conditions. And therefore, you will have to adjust the environment for it.

It is quite different is the case with homemade options. After all, the pellet boiler can be done, given all the nuances of concrete conditions. And thus create an aggregate that fully corresponds to the requests.

If the fuel is confused, it will not be understood that pellets are a product of recycled wood and agricultural waste with high heat generation efficiency and economic benefits.

Does not cause such fuel and environmentally as:

• there is no air pollution;
• does not require a billet of fuel, implying cutting of trees;
• in evaporation there are no harmful substances.

But you need to know that the pellets will have to be stored in accordance with defined rulesAs they are extremely easily flammable, and this can cause a fire.

It is worth saying about the durability of such installations. After all, the model of steel collected by their own hands can serve without repair of 15-20 years. If the cast iron is used as a material, then these figures increase to 50 years. And this is a practically an eternal device capable of serving a person for many years.

homemade pellet boiler with a capacity of 50 kW

Considering requests and desires, the design of pellet stoves can be both completely autonomous, without connecting to the power grid and automated, using systems that follow the operation of the device.

And I already carefully weighing and considering, you can make a decision, whether to make a pellet boiler with your own hands or still buy a ready copy

Assembly Guide

In the manufacture of pellet boilers, you need to take into account that the main design consists of several main parts. But each of these parts is preferably made separately from the entire unit. Therefore, conditionally break the future oven for: burner, housing with heat exchanger, fuel, auger mechanism and bunker.

Based on this, you can proceed to the creation of individual parts that may have different constructive features and drawings. All this depends on the selected model and individual requirements.

Device burner

Most. best Material For the manufacture of the burner is steel and cast iron. This part of the furnace is inserted directly inside the unit. And the principle of operation and its specifications may differ depending on the set of parameters. That is why design and collect this part separately.

In order for the part in the process to correspond to all security standards, it will have to be applied to check for a specialist. After all, only the competent person is able to qualitatively evaluate the reliability and safety of the device, given all the nuances of the specifics.

Recommended to equip homemade burner The ignition system that can be both manual and automatic. In the second variant additionally use the fan.

It is advantageous here differs from other prototypes the torch burner. It does not have high power, but due to minor sizes best option For a home furnace.

If this particular part of the pellet boiler wants to buy due to the seeming complexity, it is necessary to think before, since the finished factory burner will cost about 75,000 rubles. Although the price can affect: productivity, type of ignition, sizes and materials used. Therefore, the price may be greater or less. But if you apply available drawings, then you will collect similar design with your own hands, it will be much easier than it may seem.

Do not forget that the burner must match the type of boiler itself. To create drawings, you can contact a specialist who will help draw up a project taking into account all the nuances.

The correct burner is capable of serving 10-15 years. The service life of the factory analogues reaches 20 years.

Installation of the budget pellet burner // Forumhouse

Corps and heat exchanger

As a material for creating a case, it is recommended to use cast iron or chamotte brick, as it is resistant to high temperatures, differentials and overheating.

The heat exchanger is made of steel pipes of a square shape with a wall thickness of 4-6 mm. But do not forget that the pipes will subsequently welcome round shape.

In the front walls and rear, doors are installed for maintenance. And from the tools you will need a welding machine and drill.

In accordance with the drawings, the heat exchanger is located inside the boiler.

Fuel Description

The pop-up can be bought, or can be done on your own. To do this, it will take heat-resistant steel with a thickness of 5 mm. For the door you need the same steel, but a thickness of 6 mm. The grille is also made from heat-resistant steel, but with a thickness of 1 cm.

The fuel will be used to supply fuel to the boiler. Its size should not be very large, but sufficient so that at a time it was possible to load pellets for two or three days of burning.

From the tools you will need: welding machine, Bulgarian, roulette and drill.

Bunker and auger mechanism

To make a pellet bunker with your own hands, you need a metal profile of square shape and steel sheets.

The framework of the required shape and size is welded from profiles. Steel sheets are cut on the template and are welded to the frame. Now you need to cook low partBy making a seeming funnel.

On the bottom of the funnel weld metal profiles So that a steel sheet carved freely can pass freely. It will be a Sewber to control the feed pellets.

Here you welcome a kind of box of the same sheets in such a way that the container is where the pellets will later be. On the one hand, the opening of the circular shape is cut, where a piece of pipe is welded under the tilt up.

Now it remains only to paint the resulting design.

The auger is chosen with such a condition so that it can freely go to the hole in the fuel hole. Since it will be in constant contact with a high temperature, it is also the same as the fifth, you need to pick up from heat-resistant steel. The dimensions will depend on the individual parameters that are taken into account when drafting the scheme.

Installing the boiler

To install the boiler, it is necessary to equip a separate room and high-quality chimney. The optimal option will be 2.4 to 2 meters the room. The walls are preferable to cover the non-flammable material that is well clean. After all, the fuel will be constant dust and rubbish that can sow on the walls.

In the storage room, Pellets will have to equip a place with pallets capable of withstanding a lot of weight. Separate element Ventilation will also be performed qualitatively.

The walls of the room should not be heated above 120 degrees. Therefore, if the coating is made of non-combustible material, the distance to the boiler should be at least two centimeters. From the plastered wall, the boiler is located at a distance of three centimeters and more, and the walls, not covered, should be from the furnace at a distance of at least 10 cm.

Chimney is performed from of stainless steel Thickness 3-4 mm. Its height should be from 6 meters, and the design itself is to withstand temperatures up to 600 degrees.

Pellet furnace can be made with their own hands. It does not require repair, environmentally friendly and easy to use. The correctly calculated and mounted unit is safe and effective tool Heating. In addition, the self-fulfillment of the heating device will save a considerable amount.

Content

1. Device and principle of boiler on pellet
2. Advantages and disadvantages of boilers on fuel granules
3. How to choose a pellet boiler
4. Installation and lifting with your own hands

Introduction

IN lately More and more people try to leave stuffy cities and eternal plugs and live by the countryside. All recent years has been observed a boom of cottage construction. However, most of the villages are serious problems with connecting to gas and power supply. It is for this reason that many of the owners of private houses are increasingly used for heating solid fuel boilers. In addition to the traditionally used solid fuel, such as firewood or coal, recently began to gain popularity of the new type of pellets for Russia. In this article we will look at the design, dignity and disadvantages, as well as other features of the heating boilers operating on fuel granules.

So, what are the pellet boilers of heating? Let us consider in more detail the features of their design compared to traditional heating devices running on firewood or coal.

Device and principle of boiler on pellet

Fuel granules or pellets - relatively the new kind Fuel in our country, however, a sufficient amount has already appeared. They are small cylinders compressed under high pressure from woodworking waste such as chips, sawdust, etc.

How is the boiler on fuel granules?

The design of the heating system on pells is included: the heater itself, the bunker for storing the fuel supply, the screw conveyor for feeding the pellet to the boiler. After launch, the device is completely autonomously and can work out without the participation of a person several weeks, as long as there is a stock of fuel pellets in the bunker.

Photo 1: Device of the automatic pellet boiler Defro

The main element of the design of the boiler is a pellet burner. They are two species: volumetric and flare type. The burner of volumetric type (retort) is a similarity of steel or cast-iron bowls in which on top or through a hole in the housing, pellets are served using auger. Air supply to maintain combustion is carried out through the holes in the walls. Adjusting the supply of fuel granules must be carried out in such a way that the burning occurred in the upper part of the burner and did not affect the mechanism of the auger. It will save him from a premature way out. Rethor burners are less sensitive to fuel quality and have efficiency up to 95%.

The burning of fuel pellets in the torch of the torch type occurs in the fiery jet high pressure About 1200 C created by the fan and temperature, the pellets burn almost instantly supporting the burning. Torch torch type more demanding to the quality of fuel granules. For use with this type of burner, only low ash and low dust pellets are suitable. The fuel with a high content of ash and dust under the action of the fan can clog the feed screw and lead to the formation of dust clouds that are flammable forming microvalets with characteristic cotton.

Photo 2: Pellet burners of volumetric (left) and flare (right) types

To ensure long autonomous burning, it is necessary to have a fairly large reserve of pellets and organize them automatic booting to the boiler. Bunker is used to store the fuel stock. Usually a pellet boiler is already equipped with a standard fuel storage, but to increase the duration autonomous work Many pellet boilers apply additional larger bins. Built-in and external storage are connected using auger. External bunkers can be placed on the street and even buried to the ground. In some cases, a separate room in a building is located as a repository, where pellets are placed in bulk and also with a screw are fed to the heating device.

Photo 3: Using an external bunker with a pellet boiler

Automatic fuel supply to the pellet boiler is carried out using auger. This device is a spiral similar to that used in domestic meat grinders. Auger conveyors are hard and flexible. Hard augers are bad in that their length is limited to 1.5-2 meters. When using longer conveyors, fuel granules, in the process of delivery to the burner, will be glued to the auger in the roof. Also, they are also a rigid bunker bunker to the position of the feed line. In order to change the position of the bunker, you will have to use an external auger and a moto gearbox, as well as a conjugation device, which greatly complicates the design. The use of a flexible screw conveyor allows you to place a hopper at a distance of up to 12 m from the pellet boiler. The flexibility of the auger also allows you to organize a line of supplying complex shape.

Photo 4: Flexible Auger Automatic Feed Pellet

Adjusting the burning speed, air supply and pellets in the burner, as well as the control of other processes performs automation led by the controller and control unit. It automatically adjusts the operating modes of the heating device in accordance with the set parameters and state heating system. Thanks to the availability of automation, there is an opportunity long burning Pellet boiler without human participation. Many boilers on fuel granules are two-circuit, i.e. In addition to the heating function, the function of organizing hot water supply is laid with the possibility of using a boiler indirect heating. The HSV process is also automated and controlled by the controller. There are also classical solid fuel models that can work on peellet when connecting additional equipment. A vivid example of such devices.

In addition to the nodes of which we told the above, in the design of the boiler on the fuel granules there are elements inherent in classical solid fuel boilers: the rinch for collecting solid burning waste, smoke to improve the thrust, heat exchanger with a coolant for connecting to the heating system.

How does a pellet boiler work?

The principle of its work is quite simple. The pellets from the fuel bunker on the auger conveyor are fed into the boiler where they are incorporated or automatically using a jet of hot air or manually using matches and liquids for ignition. The stream of heated gases, formed by combing with high temperatures with granules, heats the coolant in the heat exchanger and is derived through the chimney in environment. The ash is removed in a special compartment for disposal or using a separate auger if a self-cleaning function is present in the boiler or a scoop in the boiler maintenance process.

Photo 5: The principle of operation of the boiler on pellets with a torch of a torch type

In addition to models operating only on pells, there are universal or combined boilers that can work on other types of fuel, for example on corner or firewood.

Back to the category

Advantages and disadvantages of boilers on fuel granules

As noted above, pellet boilers have a fairly new type of heating devices for the Russian market. However, they have a good potential to strengthen their positions due to some essential advantages compared to diesel or gas boilers.

pros

The main advantages of pellet boilers are:

• ecology

  Pellets have the lowest increase in ash content among other types of solid fuels such as firewood or coal. The content of CO2 in flue gases is also very low.

• autonomy

  Pellet boiler in essence can be called a long-burning heating device. The presence of automation and bunker for storing fuel allows you to create almost completely automated system Heating in your country house or in the country.

• high efficiency

  The efficiency of pellet boilers with an open burner reaches 95%. When using torches of the torch type, the efficiency is slightly lower and is about 90%.

• high service life

  High price of pellet boilers is compensated by their long service life. On average, the life of the heating devices operating on fuel granules is about 20 years.

Minuses

• high price

  As a rule, the use of a pellet boiler for the heating of a private house is quite expensive. For example, a low-power stands in the area of \u200b\u200b250,000 rubles.

• energy dependency

  Automatic control of the boiler, fuel supply, maintaining the mode of its operation requires power supply.

Back to the category

How to choose the right pellet boiler?

Taking into account the high price of these devices, owners of private houses you want to buy the most efficient pellet boiler for your heating system.

Choose a reliable heating device on fuel granules worth starting from the determination of its required power. Power required for heating typical brick cottage or wooden country house Determined on the basis of 1 kW per 10 m2 heated area. We are produced both small household models from 15 kW and almost industrial with a capacity of up to 500 kW. The release of models, with a capacity of less than 15 kW is not economically appropriate, as instead of the heating boiler, in this case, it is better to use a furnace or fireplace. The release of models is more powerful than 500 kW is also not profitable, since such devices significantly deteriorate their technical characteristics.

Photo 6: The process of burning the granules in the volume pellet burner

Selecting the heating device for your home, many owners as an alternative to a pellery boiler, consider diesel or gas boilers. So what boiler is better than diesel, gas or pellet? You can answer this question simple example:

Example: Take for our calculations typical vacation home Or a cottage of 300 m2. For the heating of such a structure, we will need a heating device with a capacity in the area of \u200b\u200b20 kW. The house itself is located in middle lane Russia, for example, in the suburbs.

When using a diesel boiler, for the heating season will be spent around 4 tons of diesel fuel, which is equal to 140,000 rubles per season of heating at a price of diesel fuel 35,000 rubles per ton.

What is the fuel consumption of pellet boilers? A 30 kWh boiler, with proper configuration, for the heating season in the middle lane, Russia consumes about 9 tons of pellets, which at current prices about 6,000 rubles per ton, it turns out 54,000 rubles per season.

It follows that a pellet boiler is more than 2.5 times more profitable for diesel. For justity, it should be noted that pellet is more expensive than diesel 2-2.5 times, but given its economy and long service life, the installation of the heating system on fuel granules will pay off soon enough. It should also take into account the ecology of the use of fuel granules, compared with diesel fuel.

Using gas boiler, implies the presence of a highway with natural, which is present in cottage settlements Not always. Add to this a complex and vigorous procedure for matching and obtaining permission to install the heating device and connect it to the gas supply line.

A pellet boiler, unlike the gas, is not subject to registration and no coordination requires its installation.