How to insulate a wooden house inside. How to insulate a wooden house from the inside. Preparing the wall of a wooden house for insulation

Warming wooden house from the inside are produced in order to make energy consumption efficient. Today this topic is more relevant than ever, because resources are very expensive. And you will expect a long life for a wooden house, which means that it is necessary that the structure has adequate temperature regime and proper ventilation.

Warming today wooden walls from the inside within the strength and wallet of everyone. But why do so many believe that this is bad and ineffective?

According to the mind, it is necessary to insulate the house from the outside, so you transfer the dew point to the outside, it will fall on the insulation or on the outer wall.

This will ensure that there will be no condensation in the room. Also builders advise complex insulation.

But the topic of this article is internal insulation. In practice, it constantly happens that only internal insulation of the walls of a wooden house becomes acceptable for various reasons. This can happen if the house has already been rebuilt and has a beautiful facade, which can be remodeled into this moment not appropriate.

You may not want to cover up the logs that make up the house, because it looks so much better. In general, for a number of reasons, insulation interior walls a wooden house has been and will always be in demand. This means that you need to learn how to perform it correctly in order to create a microclimate in the house that is comfortable for a person and materials, while spending a minimum of money and time.

The ingredients for success - right choice material and thorough adherence to technology.

Ideally, before insulating wooden house from the inside, it is necessary to produce engineering calculations... This stage should precede all work on the arrangement, reconstruction or construction of residential buildings. The heat engineering calculation is done in order to determine where the dew point will be. Because having put the insulation, you can be sure that it will insulate, but you can protect your house from moisture only if you correctly calculate the location of the desired point.

The basic principle is that it should not be in a heater and not indoors. The error will become fatal: the rooms will become warm, but damp, as a result, the insulation will gain moisture, the walls may rot, all this will lead to the appearance of mold and insects.

Therefore, calculate everything yourself or invite a specialist - but be sure to make sure that even in severe frost, the dew point will be outside!

Correct stuff

When the theoretical part is completed, it is time to move on to practice. And for this, first of all, you need to choose the right insulation.

Requirements put forward to it:

Low thermal conductivity;
Compliance with fire safety requirements;
Strength and durability;
Environmental friendliness, safety.

The way in which we will insulate the house also directly depends on the material chosen.

Process and technology

Now that you have decided the best way to insulate your house, we turn to the question of how to properly insulate the walls of a wooden house from the inside. For this, it is important to thoroughly adhere to the technology.

If the insulation of the walls of the house is carried out with the organization of an air gap, attach the crate to the slats on the walls, or directly to the wall if you do not have an air gap. Use screws of the correct length.

After that, the insulation is mounted directly on the wall to be insulated. It is laid in the crate cells. If you use sheets, then go from bottom to top, if rolls - then from top to bottom. Good and The right way to lay slabs of mineral wool - to do it by surprise. Reinforce everything additionally with dowels.
The internal wall insulation is completed with waterproofing. To organize it, use a vapor-proof membrane: steam from the insulation will escape without problems, and the barrier for water will be insurmountable. The film is different on both sides, put its rough side to the insulation so that it turns out to be smooth on the outside. Do the joints with an overlap of 10 cm, fasten the film with a stapler.

In order to hide the traces of the insulation of the house from the inside, it is necessary finishing: it is lining, drywall, painting, wallpapering or plastering - it's up to you. The main thing is that now it will be warm in your house, but there will also be no place for dampness and dangerous moisture!

Built several decades ago, have already aged and in winter months begin to let the cold through.

Errors when insulating a wooden house

So it is very important to exclude possible oversights, which regularly occur with unqualified insulation of wooden modern materials... Let's take a look at the most common ones.

Mistake # 1. Thermal insulation of a log house without inspecting the condition of the wood

As a rule, they are already insulated by the "survivors" log cabins... On the one hand, it is technologically convenient: the log house has finally settled down and the dimensions of the structure remain unchanged. However, the past years could not but leave traces on biologically living material -.

Therefore, before the planned insulation, which implies that there will be no access to the logs for many years, it is necessary carefully examine all crowns and discard defective fragments... If a wood-devouring one is wound up in the logs, I will make a cautious assumption that it is no longer advisable to insulate the house. A cardinal medicine for such a case, except for a weekly forty-degree frost, has not yet been invented. Read more about this issue in the articles: Good wood should soak with fire-fighting and antiseptic composition and dry thoroughly... It is a mistake to carry out insulation on raw wood.

Mistake # 2. Lack of attention to caulk

Traditional caulking is performed, strictly speaking, not to insulate the log house, but to exclude blowing it, which ultimately affects the preservation of heat in the house.

Deciding to insulate log facades, pay attention to the condition of caulking on all crowns... This operation should not be dismissed. Perhaps it is thanks to 2-3 defects of this natural insulator that your house is cold in winter.

At the beginning of 2016, a reader contacted the editorial office with a request to help with insulation in a modern way. Word by word, it turned out that the cunning birds had long ago pulled the caulk fibers from its log house onto their nests.

It seems that after the clarification of this fact, the craving for total warming of our dear reader has somewhat weakened.

Without plunging into the basics of building heat engineering and without delving into the meaning of the obscure phrase "" (which is the basis for choosing a location), take the craft postulate on faith: insulation of structures is carried out from the outside. Such an installation improves the operation of both the wall bearing material (tree crowns) and the insulation itself. Otherwise, both the insulation and the wood of the logs will get wet from the humid vapors that are inevitably found in the atmosphere of human habitation. Of course, we do not strive for this at all. You can read more about the peculiarities of insulation of the outer walls of a wooden house in the section of the article of the same name.

Mistake # 4. Rough choice of thermal insulation material

Construction markets are literally and figuratively overwhelmed with a variety of heat insulators.

However, if we introduce a strict systematization into this abundance, it turns out that everything dominates 3 types of materials suitable for wooden log cabins ... These are heaters:

from ,
glass wool,
- cellular and extruded.

Let's talk about the latter first. This is an excellent heat insulator, which has better thermal insulation qualities than the first and second. It practically does not absorb moisture and does not allow water vapor to pass through. It would seem that there is nothing more to dream of. However, the biggest "but" is that when in contact with an open fire, that is, when, the expanded polystyrene does not just burn, but only melts, but with the release of truly dangerous gaseous chemical compounds. For those readers who take these words lightly, I recommend recalling the tragedy in the Permian "Lame Horse", which claimed a hundred and fifty lives due to the fact that the combustion products of the insulation got into the lungs of the visitors of this "pub".

I do not mind using this material, but I vote with both hands for its thoughtful use. There, for example, where the fire will never reach - in the foundation, in the plinth, in the blind area. Here he is truly worthless.

Choosing between glass wool and mineral wool is more difficult. Both are perfect for insulation log house... You will learn about which thermal insulation materials are preferable from a safety point of view from the article.

Mistake # 5. Careless handling and storage of material

Thermal insulation materials must be dry... Only in this case they "keep" warm. And if the material gets wet, then its heat-insulating ability drops dramatically.

Remember the common "kitchen" situation: with what potholder do you grab the metal handle of a hot frying pan - a dry cloth or a damp / wet one? I am sure that after a moment's thought, you will choose the dry option. So the insulation must always be dry. In factories, during production, it is packaged in packaging (often in shrink-wrap) film and is sufficiently well protected from climatic moisture. But it is worth removing the film ... Therefore:

Unpack the insulation one day before use. and always under a canopy, or even better - in a house to be insulated.
After fixing the insulation on the wall go straight to its cladding plastering or protective panels (and others).
Do not leave the heaters open for a long time, risking soaking them "to the skin" by the summer slanting rains.

Mistake # 6. Choosing flexible mats instead of rigid slabs

On the construction market, you can find 2 options thermal insulation materials- flexible mats and rigid slabs. At first glance, these are exactly the same materials. So what to choose for facade insulation?

If you decide to opt for mats, you will be mistaken, since over the years, the insulation located in an upright position begins to sag here and there, forming cracks into which cold air rushes - the very ones that disavow all consumer beauty modern heaters.

Rigid slabs keep their dimensions unchanged throughout their entire service life. It is quite possible to walk on the slabs laid on the roof structure without losing the quality of thermal insulation.

Why, then, are flexible mats produced? - They are irreplaceable when insulating horizontal surfaces- underground space and floor slabs... There, in principle, they cannot sag and form gaps for the consumption of heat.

Mistake # 7. Incorrect determination of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer

To the question: "How thick should the heat-insulating layer be?" you will find a reasoned answer in a recently published article.

Here one can only confirm that with thermal insulation of a log house, two layers of material with a thickness of 50 mm will be enough laid one on top of the other. I'll make a reservation that two layers are enough for the climatic conditions of central Russia. In the North, three layers of insulation will have to be laid on a wooden wall, and in the southern regions it will be possible to restrict oneself to one.

In conclusion, I would like to cite a photograph of a truly unique structure.

What is its originality? The house was built at the end of the 19th century. The house is a log house, but the logs, united by horizontal dowels, are installed vertically. It was insulated in the spring of 2016 with mineral wool insulation (100 mm) and lined with chipboard panels. A entry group made of monolithic reinforced concrete. Truly, on a tiny spot of development, technologies from three different centuries have merged.

Wood is the most environmentally friendly material. If you decide to build a wooden house, then over time the question of its insulation will arise. Most often, this procedure is carried out outside, but sometimes this is not possible. If you decide to insulate a wooden house from the inside, you need to pay attention to some factors. If the work is carried out incorrectly, the microclimate can be disturbed, and a "greenhouse effect" is formed inside. Warming the house inside, leads to a decrease in the area of the room. Consider these factors before starting insulation work.

Choosing insulation material

Home insulation materials - varieties

Manufacturers offer a large number of materials for insulation. Let's talk about their advantages and disadvantages.

Mineral wool is an ideal material for all surfaces. Its disadvantage is its susceptibility to moisture. Therefore, it is necessary to take care of an additional layer of waterproofing. Mineral wool is a non-flammable and environmentally friendly material.

Penoplex not affected by moisture. He doesn't change technical characteristics at long-term use... You don't need any special skills to edit this material. Penoplex has good thermal insulation properties.

To insulate a wooden house from the inside with your own hands to be effective and correct, you first need to understand the process itself, and only then make a decision.

Previously, wall insulation inside a wooden house was not the most important issue, since in order to preserve heat in the house, they simply increased their thickness. But the appearance a large number thermal insulation materials on the market today, allows you to look at the solution to the problem from the other side. Since increasing the thickness of the wall is a rather complicated and expensive business, it is necessary to study the pros and cons of modern heaters and technologies.

Insulation of the walls of a wooden house from the inside - beautiful and high quality

In principle, wood has good thermal insulation properties. Thanks to its natural structure the construction material perfectly retains heat, and also due to the ability to "breathe" creates an excellent favorable microclimate in the house.

But there is still heat loss, largely due to the problem of joining the logs, gaps appear in corners, overhangs, doors and windows. Additional clearances may occur if natural shrinkage buildings influenced by various natural factors... Therefore, the issue of the tightness of such dwellings is always relevant, and as a result, the insulation of the internal walls of a wooden house is simply necessary.

How to avoid mistakes

It is obvious that the insulation of walls in a wooden house from the inside is quite simple from a technical point of view, but this option is not very widespread. There are several reasons for this, and the decrease in living space is far from the worst.

Therefore, in order to find out whether it is possible to insulate a wooden house from the inside, and most importantly, how to avoid mistakes, you should pay attention to several factors:

Insulated walls do not warm up well from the inside.
Dew point. To better understand what it is, you should watch the video in this article.

With a temperature drop, the dew point can shift into the thermal insulation layer, which will lead to the formation of condensation, dampness and deterioration of the insulation itself. Also, the formation of fungus and mold, which is destructive for a wooden house, is possible.

This problem, in part, will help to solve the presence of a vapor barrier layer. But in this case, you need to take care of the device of effective forced ventilation in the room, so that you do not have the impression that you live in a plastic bag.

Also, the solution to the problem of displacement of the dew point is to increase the thickness of the insulating layer, but this is extremely disadvantageous for the tenant, since the living area is significantly reduced.

Before you start

Before you start insulating the walls of a wooden house inside, you need to determine:

What kind of wood was used in the construction of the building... Because different types wood have different properties and characteristics, which means that there will be different costs for insulation.
Heat loss reasons, namely, cracks, cracks in the logs, defects in the packing of heaters.

Having identified the shortcomings and determining the range of upcoming works, we proceed to the insulation of the walls.

The general scheme for insulating a wooden house is shown in the photo:

Vapor barrier system;
Thermal insulation;
Waterproofing;
Clapboard sheathing.

You need to know that the walls are best insulated in the spring or summer season.
If the house was built not long ago, then the insulation from the inside of a wooden house is carried out only after it has shrunk, that is, a year after the construction has been completed, in order to prevent the emergence of new cracks through which moisture can enter and spoil the material.

All work on insulation from the inside is conditionally divided into the following stages:

Surface preparation.
Caulking cracks.
Creation of a vapor barrier.
Installation of the lathing.
Insulation laying.
Creation effective system ventilation.
Finishing work.

Material selection

Currently, do-it-yourself wall insulation from inside a wooden house, as a rule, is performed using synthetic insulation. The main indicators for such materials are resistance to ignition, as well as high thermal insulation characteristics.

Ecowool

Currently, the so-called.

This is due to the very structure of this material and the properties that it exhibits:

Indoor moisture can pass practically unhindered between the fibers. But at the same time, the interfiber space itself remains dry, which means that condensation of excess water vapor does not form on the wall.
Also, thanks to this property and the presence of mineral antiseptics, protection against mold and fungal infections on the walls of the room is provided.
The ability of the material to "breathe".

Due to these properties, it is used to provide heat retention both outside and inside.

The material is sprayed with an integral heat-insulating layer, which is tightly adjacent to the log, bar. Thanks to its structure, ecowool fills all existing voids and cracks, thereby preventing possible heat loss.

Professionals apply ecowool using special devices, but if you carry out the internal insulation of a wooden house on your own, we recommend watching a video, which provides instructions on how to properly apply this material.

Basalt wool, glass wool

Application of a different kind such as basalt wool, is also designed to solve the problem of thermal insulation, with which it successfully copes, as well as glass wool. The thermal insulation characteristics of these materials are quite good, but with their use in internal insulation another problem appears.

This is the ingress of moisture into the insulation layer, which can lead to a sharp decrease in the thermal insulation qualities of the material. The price for such materials varies from 500 rubles. up to RUB 1,500

To solve moisture problems a prerequisite, when using these heat-insulating materials, is the presence vapor barrier film... It provides internal ventilation, which allows you to eliminate excess moisture.

Expanded polystyrene (foam) plates are no less common heat-insulating material.

Positive aspects of using expanded polystyrene:

Elasticity;
Ease;
High thermal insulation characteristics;
High soundproofing properties;

Due to these qualities, sufficiently thin slabs can be used, which reduces the reduction in useful area to a minimum.

Also important is the gradual improvement of foam insulation technologies, which significantly affects its characteristics.

To insulate wooden walls, the so-called in-wall insulation method is sometimes used. This method implies the use of warp-resistant insulation. These include flax, linseed and hemp tow.

The method is applied only when the building is just beginning to be built. Insulation consists in laying material in the in-wall space, which eliminates the appearance of cracks and walls.

Finally

Of course, in this article we talked only about a part of the technologies used. But the types of thermal insulation materials we have considered are the most popular due to their durability and practicality.

This article will come in handy if you refer to the section on insulating a loggia. Let's hope that our recommendations for insulating the walls of a wooden house from the inside will help you and make your home warm and cozy.

Wood has been used in construction for a long time. This material is prized for its affordability and thermal conductivity. A house from a bar requires proper care, then it will always be comfortable in it. Many have noticed that two or three years after construction, the house becomes noticeably colder. This is due to the fact that all the walls of the building are in constant motion.

The position of the beams changes slightly and gaps appear along the seams, even correctly installed windows over time, drafts begin to pass. Construction flaws can also show themselves. In fact, it is not difficult to fix all these reasons even with your own hands. If you don't feel like spoiling appearance at home, we will tell you how to insulate log house from the inside.

Why is it cold inside a wooden house:

Walls. Small cracks in the seams of a wooden house are the most common reason lack of heat in the premises.
Windows and doors. Eternal sources of drafts and heat loss in any home.
Ceiling. It is known from the physics course that warm air rises up. If the upper part of the house made of timber is not insulated enough, the heat simply goes outside.
Ground floor floor. In any house, it has a large area. Coldness from the ground can be very cold for the air in your home.

Let's consider in order what you can do with your own hands for each of these reasons.

First, the walls of the house need to be bored. For this, a special tool is used - caulking. If not, use a stiff spatula or wide screwdriver. Hemp, hemp, felt or jute rope are used as insulation. It is not difficult to do this with your own hands, the main thing is to follow the sequence of actions correctly.

You need to start caulking from the bottom seam around the entire perimeter of the house, only then move on to the next one.

Insulation must be hammered into the slots of the timber as tightly and deeply as possible. You need to understand that after the end of the work, the ceiling height will increase by several centimeters. Therefore, if you caulk each part of the house separately, one of the walls may collapse - the timber will simply pop out of the groove. Another way is to apply acrylic or silicone sealant on the joint of the timber.

If you are not satisfied with the achieved result, experts advise to additionally insulate the walls with thermal insulation. To do this, a guide bar is vertically attached to the wall, its height should be equal to the thickness of the insulating material. The entire surface is covered with a layer of waterproofing. Insulation is placed tightly between the guides, without gaps. For this purpose, any sheet material... After that, it remains to make only decorative wall cladding.

Windows and doors - how to get rid of the cold

The two main causes of cold entrance doors and windows - drafts and insufficient thermal insulation. Very often, the cold from the openings is confused with drafts. To determine the cause of the heat leak, you just need to make sure whether it is actually blowing from doors and windows or not. To do this, it is necessary to hold a burning lighter at a short distance around the perimeter of the frame and sashes.

If the draft comes from the doors, you need to seal all the joints. To do this, it will be enough to stick a silicone seal with your own hands. Foam rubber can also be used, but it has a short service life. You can also glue the windows with construction tape for the winter.

If it shows through along the perimeter of the frame, it is necessary to remove the platbands and the window sill in order to get to the opening between the wall and the frame. Then the opening is pasted over with waterproofing and insulated. As thermal insulation, you can use any roll insulation or polyurethane foam... From above, the insulation must be pasted over with aluminum or reinforced tape, after which the platbands are put in place.

If it pulls cold from the door, but there is no draft, you need to check the thermal insulation of the door. To do this, experts advise simply knocking on the canvas. The structure, which is hollow from the inside, will have to be changed. A window with a single glass unit can freeze during the cold season. In this case, you will have to install new windows.

Insulation of the roof and ceiling of a wooden house

Many do not consider the loss of heat through the roof and ceiling to be significant. In fact, there are often cracks through which a log house simply heats the street. Also, the roof surface can heat up from poor thermal insulation of the ceiling. By getting rid of these losses, you can save up to 60% on heating costs.

Before you start to insulate the upper part of a wooden house, you should close up the entire seam of the upper beam of the wall and the roof structure.

If the attic in the house is uninhabited, it is very easy to insulate the ceiling with your own hands. For this, a layer of thermal insulation of about forty centimeters is laid there. You need to understand that the insulation for the ceiling should be light. Usually sawdust, polystyrene, mineral wool and other lightweight materials.

If the ceiling is a vaulted roof, the insulation is a little more difficult. To begin with, the entire surface of the roof from the inside must be covered with a layer of waterproofing so that moisture does not get onto the insulation. Roof insulation is done in two ways:

The insulation sheet is laid tightly to each other. In this case, special attention should be paid to the absence of gaps between the sheets, because between them the heat will still go outside.
The sheet insulation is overlapped from top to bottom. This is done for additional protection against moisture, it will simply flow down the sheets of thermal insulation.

After that, it remains to refine the surface decorative cladding... For this purpose, lining is perfect.

Solving the problem with a cold floor

Heating your home will not work efficiently if your home has cold floors. They cool the room and prevent the air from warming up.

It is very easy to insulate a wooden floor, for this you need to remove the floor upholstery. In order not to confuse the order in which the boards were laid, it is better to mark them in advance. This will save you a lot of time during assembly. Then the entire surface between the lags is closed with waterproofing so that the insulation does not collect moisture from the soil.

The heat-insulating material is laid on it in such a way that there are no slightest gaps along the entire surface of the floor. Any insulation is used that is not afraid of moisture. On top, you need to lay another layer of waterproofing, because when cleaning the premises, water can get there and accumulate inside. After that, the floor boards will need to be laid in the reverse order.

A cement floor is insulated in two ways. If the height of the premises allows, logs are laid on the floor from timber... Insulation is laid between them, which is closed from above with waterproofing. Then the floor is upholstered with a board.

If the ceiling height does not allow raising the floor level, you need to remove cement screed and remove the backfill by about half a meter. After that, the pit is waterproofed and the insulation is filled in. Usually expanded clay is used for this. A layer of foam or other dense material is laid on top of it. A new screed is made on top.