Rooftop parapets are common in high-rise industrial or administrative buildings. Such a design crowns the roof of a private house less often, but, nevertheless, sometimes parapets are also installed on low-rise buildings.

Why fences are needed, what they are made of, what SNiP standards apply to these structures, and how the roof is attached to the parapet - all this is in this article.

Purpose of parapets and their functional features

A parapet is a rim located along the edge of a roofing pie. This structure is constructed after the erection of walls and laying of floors, as well as after the completion of heat-insulating and waterproofing roofing works.

In fact, the fence is a continuation of the wall, therefore, most often, this structure is made of brick. But there may be parapets:

• from metal;
• concrete slabs;
• stone;
• monolithic reinforced concrete.

Attention! Today, many architects consider the parapet as a decoration of the structure. On buildings in modern style these designs are made from of stainless steel, glass or a combination of several materials.

The parapet can be installed on a flat roof, or on a roof with a slight slope. This design performs whole line features:

• acts as a fence, protecting people on the roof from falling down;
• delays snow masses and prevents the one-time convergence of heavy precipitation from the roof;
• decorates the building
• hides unsightly communications and systems (for example, ventilation, air conditioners);
• resists the wind, preventing strong gusts from violating the integrity of the roofing pie;
• allows you to create viewing platforms, cafes and other establishments on flat roofs, making them safe for vacationers;
• helps to improve the waterproofing of the roof, protecting its side surfaces.

Rules for installing fences

The installation of these roof structures is regulated by the norms of SNiP.

Building rules say that parapets must be installed:

1. On flat roofs and roofs with a slope angle of up to 12%, if the height of the building exceeds ten meters.
2. On all exploited flat roofs, regardless of the height of the building.
3. If the height of the structure exceeds 7 meters, and the slope angle is greater than 12%, a roof must be installed metal fence to hold snow or a parapet.

It will not be possible to commission a building constructed in violation of these standards. That's why building regulations must be carried out without fail.

SNiP also regulates the height of the fences:

• not less than 45 cm for non-exploited roofs;
• more than 120 cm for roofs that involve the presence of people on them.

In addition, the mandatory elements of such a design as a fence on the roof are defined:

1. The fence itself, which is a continuation of the wall or a side fixed on top of the roofing material.
2. Roofing wedge installed at the junction of the parapet and the roof plane.
3. A waterproofing apron is installed on the upper, horizontal, part of the fence. In fact, it is a moisture-resistant material that protects the structure from destruction under the influence of moisture.
4. A protective visor is installed over a waterproofing apron; it can be called a parapet cover. The visor is made of metal protected from corrosion.

Attention! The structural elements of the parapet may vary, depending on what functions the fence performs.

The junction of the roof to the fence

The junction of the roof to the parapet is considered one of the weakest points of the roof - it is in this area that leaks, ruptures of waterproofing, and mechanical damage to the roofing pie can occur. In such cases, repair of the roof parapet is required. In order to prevent these situations, it is necessary to observe the technology for performing the junction node.

Adjoining the roof to a brick or concrete parapet

A brick fence is constructed after the installation of floors and laying all layers of the roofing pie. One rule applies here:

• if the height of the fence is less than 50 cm, then the waterproofing carpet starts up for the entire side surface fencing and fixed with bituminous mastic;
• when the fence is higher than 50 cm, it is more convenient to make a groove at a height of 25 cm from the roof level. The insulating material, in this case, reaches the height of the groove, and its edge is inserted into this recess and pressed against the galvanized metal bar. All joints are sealed with mastic or bitumen.

A brick parapet is found quite often, so the technology for its implementation is known to every builder. Compliance with the rules for the construction of the junction node will ensure the roof has a long operation without the need for repairs.

Advice! The only thing that is recommended to be monitored periodically is the sealing layer. Mastic or bitumen on the seams and junctions must be updated in a timely manner.

Arrangement of a node on a soft roof

It is a little more difficult to correctly connect the parapet to the soft roof. Weakness such a design - a right angle between the roof and the fence. Roll roofing materials have some plasticity, but it may not be enough. Eventually, roofing material will collapse, the tightness and waterproofing will be broken - the roof in this place will leak and freeze.

To correct the situation, it is necessary to reduce the angle of contact. For this purpose, a concrete tide is poured at an angle of 45 degrees or nailed into a corner wooden plank triangular section.

Advice! When using wood in a roofing device, it must be treated with antiseptics and fire retardants.

The parapet is an integral part of the roof of many houses, complementing their design. It has a certain height, which can be different depending on the situation. At the junction of this protective border with the roof, junction of the roof to the parapet, which must be followed by all the rules.

Parapet device

Although the parapet is not one of the main parts of the house, it performs well the protective and aesthetic functions. This is a small wall that is arranged along the perimeter of the roof and looks like a building envelope. This design is arranged both on pitched and on flat roofs. In the first case, the parapet is built above the cornice and it is clearly visible from below. In the second case, a small barrier completely closes the roof from view. So that atmospheric precipitation and air currents do not destroy the parapet, this elevation is covered with an apron, which can be made of galvanized or copper sheet metal. Structurally, it is equipped with special drippers, with the help of which water is diverted from the building. Droppers prevent water from entering the protected areas of the parapet.

Note!
There are options for brick or concrete parapets covered not with metal aprons, but with concrete slabs.

Principles of joining the roof to the parapet

In order for aprons made of galvanized metal sheets to be securely attached to the fence, strobes and niches are created in the design of the parapet. These grooves lead top edges aprons, which are curved into profile products metal sheets. Aprons can also be used from black steel for roofing, but it must be painted on all sides using heated drying oil. Niches and strobes are provided for the adjoining device by construction necessity. It is known from practice that roofing sheet in a single instance is not enough. This is due to the fact that the vertical sections are not always even. In addition, for fastening negative impact render unstable temperature regime and atmospheric precipitation. In connection with these negative phenomena, the apron may not fit snugly against the curb. With the help of grooves, these problems are solved.

• When the edge of a sheet made of a particular material is inserted into a niche, its height must be at least 0.1 m.
• If a strobe is used to install the apron, the latter is sealed with a cement-sand mortar, which protects the structure from precipitation.

At a distance of 1 m from each other along the length of the parapet, wooden plugs impregnated with an antiseptic are installed. Bars with a triangular cross-section are fixed to the corks. From above, this design is covered with an apron.

• Laying fragments of the apron is done to the side into which precipitation will flow, while the overlap should be at least 0.1 m.
• If the roof is flat, then its joint with the fence is covered with waterproofing in several layers. Mastic waterproofing needs reinforcement. Geotextiles or glass-based materials are best suited for these purposes. During installation, an overlap of 0.15 m is arranged. The material is pressed against a vertical surface through an additional side. Then the resulting structure is smeared with an emulsion or mastic. After the fastener has cooled down, the second layer is laid on the first layer. So that the puff cake does not slip, it is fixed with a metal apron, which, among other things, performs protective function. The drawing demonstrates well how the adjunction of mating surfaces is arranged.

Connecting device with soft roof

When installing a roll-type roof adjoining to the parapet, special attention must be paid to waterproofing; it must be reinforced. During installation roofing material must be wound on a vertical wall. When laying the material, a special support must be present at the junction of the surfaces.

Note!
In the absence of an auxiliary rim, a vulnerable cavity is formed at the junction of the surfaces of the roof and the parapet. In this place, the flooring under mechanical action can be easily damaged, resulting in depressurization of the coating.

• In order to avoid problems associated with damage to the roofing material, the joint between the surface of the roof and the parapet is laid with a supporting edge, which has 2 angles of 45º in cross section. Its device is carried out from a mixture based on cement and sand. Instead of this support, you can put impregnated with bio- and flame retardant wooden block, which in cross section has the form of an isosceles triangle. Thanks to this side, the coating material will adhere tightly to the entire adjacent surface.
• If waterproofing material is roofing material, then using hot bituminous mastic rolled material must be glued to the entire surface of the roof, starting from its base and ending with the parapet wall, including the side. After some time, the operation must be repeated, covering the roof with a second layer of roofing material. During the construction of the parapet, a special groove is arranged in its inner surface. When joining two surfaces, the edge of the roofing material with outside is inserted into the groove. A junction node is possible with the installation of a roofing material on the upper section of the parapet.
• If the edge of the roofing strip goes into the strobe, the material must be fixed with a metal bar, which will press the roofing material against the wall with dowels. This part and joint are sealed with sealant. The next layer will be paint that protects the structure from precipitation. At the end, a metal apron is put on the parapet, which can be attached to the bar.
• In the option with the introduction of roofing material on top of the parapet, the roofing material is first fixed with heated bitumen, and then covered with an apron or slabs.

In the process of building houses, special attention is paid to the roof structure. However, not only on her functional characteristics and aesthetic appearance, and also on the arrangement of the parapet for the roof. The parapet is a special fence installed along the edges of the roofs of buildings. Its main purpose is the safety of workers on the roof.

In this article

Varieties of parapets, their main functions

It is the parapet that makes it possible for a flat roof to resist wind loads. If it doesn't exist, then strong wind can easily tear off the roofing. The parapet, of course, also performs the aesthetic function of the roof of the building. For example, hides the unsightly appearance of roofs multi-storey buildings, various devices installed on the roof.

parapet options

• An ordinary roof parapet with two slopes.
• A flat parapet that is different flat surface, equipped with drippers.
• Curly fences, made in the form of railings.
• Skate - a design with a lower mount, which is covered by a visor.
• Parapet complex design, the droppers of which are bent under the visor, and the flow of water occurs in several directions.

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

For the manufacture of parapet structures, various building materials can be used, for example, brick, building blocks, metal elements, monolithic reinforced concrete.

Important! On the high-rise buildings an apron must be present snow loads, for the arrangement of which concrete slabs are used, metallic profile, copper caps or galvanized sheet iron.

Parapet functions

Protective

The parapet design makes it safer for people to stay on a flat roof. Similar security measures according to building codes apply not only to the roofs of buildings that are in constant use by people, but also to non-exploited roof structures. At the very least, such protective fences necessary for safe maintenance during operation, carrying out repair work on the roof.

Protective

Fences limit the spontaneous runoff of water as a result of heavy rains and convergence a large number snow from the surface of roof structures. This is especially important for high-rise buildings, since a significant mass of snow falling at high speed from the roof can injure people passing by. The curb retains the bulk of the snow, which, under the influence of solar radiation, begins to melt and, in the form of melt water, enters the storm sewer through the drain.

aesthetic

Parapets used for roofing not only do not spoil the appearance of the building, they can also be beautiful decorative ornament roof structure. For example, if you pay attention to old buildings, you can see the front fences decorated with statues and various patterns. In modern housing construction, of course, the functional tasks of the curb are in the first place, but at the same time, fences made of metal or glass have a rather attractive and stylish appearance.

Junction of concrete (brick) parapet on the roof

After the installation of the ceiling, the completion of the arrangement of the roofing pie, a concrete or brick fence is made, to which the following requirements are imposed:

• When arranging a parapet structure less than half a meter, the waterproofing material must cover its entire side surface. For its fixation, bitumen-based mastic is used.
• If the protective border is more than half a meter, it is better to make a groove at a distance of 25 cm from the surface of the roofing base. In this case, the waterproofing carpet is built up to this groove, into which the edges of the insulation are inserted and pressed with a special galvanized steel bar. The junction of the roof to the parapet is treated with bitumen (mastic).

Fence junction on a soft roof

Adjacency to the parapet structure soft roof requires the arrangement of a reinforced waterproofing pie.

• Laying of a rolled roofing is carried out with an institution on a vertical surface. At the same time, the waterproofing of the junction node is necessarily enhanced.

Important! If the material is laid without the use of a special support, then a cavity will form at the intersection of the planes under the roofing carpet. As a result, there is a risk of mechanical damage to the soft roof, a violation of its tightness.

To prevent such problems, a rim is built between the parapet and the roof base at a 45-degree angle.

Used as material cement mortar, in rare cases, bars of wood with a triangular section, additionally treated with a fire-retardant agent.

• If roofing material is used as a waterproofing material, then it is glued to roof base, side, wall of the fence with heated mastic, made on a bitumen basis. After the first layer of waterproofing has completely cooled down, the second one is glued.

The adjunction of the roof to the parapet is carried out as follows: the upper edge of the insulating material is brought from above onto the structure or into a specially equipped groove, and fixed with a special clamping bar from galvanized iron with dowels. The joints are sealed with sealant, covered special paint. After that, the upper steel apron is attached to this bar.

• If the installation of the rolled material is carried out with an institution on the structure, it must be glued with heated bitumen, after which it is closed with a steel apron or fencing slabs.

Important! Everything wooden elements used in the arrangement of the roof, must be treated with flame retardants, antiseptics.

Output

Roof parapet - enough important element roof structure, which requires special attention during its arrangement, since the degree of safety of operation of the roof structure and its repair will depend on its quality of performance in the future.

Attachment of the roof to the parapet

The parapet is an integral part of the roof of many houses, complementing their design. It has a certain height, which can be different depending on the situation. At the junction of this protective border with the roof, the roof adjoins the parapet, which must be carried out in accordance with all the rules.
Although the parapet is not one of the main parts of the house, it performs well the protective and aesthetic functions. This is a small wall that is arranged along the perimeter of the roof and looks like a building envelope. This design works on both pitched and flat roofs. In the first case, the parapet is built above the cornice and it is clearly visible from below. In the second case, a small barrier completely closes the roof from view. So that atmospheric precipitation and air currents do not destroy the parapet, this elevation is covered with an apron, which can be made of galvanized or copper sheet metal. Structurally, it is equipped with special drippers, with the help of which water is diverted from the building. Droppers prevent water from entering the protected areas of the parapet.
Note! There are options for brick or concrete parapets covered not with metal aprons, but with concrete slabs.

Principles of joining the roof to the parapet
In order for aprons made of galvanized metal sheets to be securely attached to the fence, strobes and niches are created in the design of the parapet. The upper edges of the aprons are inserted into these grooves, which are metal sheets bent into profile products. Aprons can also be used from black steel for roofing, but it must be painted on all sides using heated drying oil. Niches and strobes are provided for the adjoining device by construction necessity. It is known from practice that a single roofing sheet is not enough. This is due to the fact that the vertical sections are not always even. In addition, the fastening is negatively affected by unstable temperature conditions and precipitation. In connection with these negative phenomena, the apron may not fit snugly against the curb. With the help of grooves, these problems are solved.
When the edge of a sheet made of a particular material is inserted into a niche, its height must be at least 0.1 m.
If a strobe is used to install the apron, the latter is sealed with a cement-sand mortar, which protects the structure from precipitation.

At a distance of 1 m from each other along the length of the parapet, wooden plugs impregnated with an antiseptic are installed. Bars with a triangular cross-section are fixed to the corks. From above, this design is covered with an apron.
Laying fragments of the apron is done to the side into which precipitation will flow, while the overlap should be at least 0.1 m.
If the roof is flat, then its joint with the fence is covered with waterproofing in several layers. Mastic waterproofing needs reinforcement. Geotextiles or glass-based materials are best suited for these purposes. During installation, an overlap of 0.15 m is arranged. The material is pressed against a vertical surface through an additional side. Then the resulting structure is smeared with an emulsion or mastic. After the fastener has cooled down, the second layer is laid on the first layer. So that the “layer cake” does not slip, it is fixed with a metal apron, which, among other things, performs a protective function. The drawing demonstrates well how the adjunction of mating surfaces is arranged.

Connecting device with soft roof
When installing a roll-type roof adjoining to the parapet, special attention must be paid to waterproofing - it must be reinforced. When installing roofing, the material must be wound onto a vertical wall. When laying the material, a special support must be present at the junction of the surfaces.
Covering the parapet with roofing material Covering the parapet with roofing material
Note! In the absence of an auxiliary rim, a vulnerable cavity is formed at the junction of the surfaces of the roof and the parapet. In this place, the flooring under mechanical action can be easily damaged, resulting in depressurization of the coating.

In order to avoid problems associated with damage to the roofing material, the joint between the surface of the roof and the parapet is laid with a supporting edge, which has 2 angles of 45 degrees in cross section. Its device is carried out from a mixture based on cement and sand. Instead of this support, a wooden block impregnated with a bio- and fire retardant can be placed, which in cross section has the form of an isosceles triangle. Thanks to this side, the coating material will adhere tightly to the entire adjacent surface.
If the waterproofing material is roofing material, then using hot bituminous mastic, the rolled material must be glued to the entire surface of the roof, starting from its base and ending with the parapet wall, including the side. After some time, the operation must be repeated, covering the roof with a second layer of roofing material. During the construction of the parapet, a special groove is arranged in its inner surface. When two surfaces are joined, the edge of the roofing material is inserted into the groove from the outside. A junction node is possible with the installation of a roofing material on the upper section of the parapet.

If the edge of the roofing strip goes into the strobe, the material must be fixed with a metal bar, which will press the roofing material against the wall with dowels. This part and joint are sealed with sealant. The next layer will be paint that protects the structure from precipitation. At the end, a metal apron is put on the parapet, which can be attached to the bar.
In the option with the introduction of roofing material on top of the parapet, the roofing material is first fixed with heated bitumen, and then covered with an apron or slabs.
Installation of the apron on the parapetInstallation of the apron on the parapet
Techniques exist to perform the abutment of these surfaces using mastic agents having hydrophobic characteristics. With this treatment, the coating is created without seams, and the abutment is reliably sealed.

The parapet is an integral part of the roof of many houses, complementing their design. It has a certain height, which can be different depending on the situation. At the junction of this protective border with the roof, the roof adjoins the parapet, which must be carried out in accordance with all the rules.

Although the parapet is not one of the main parts of the house, it performs well the protective and aesthetic functions. This is a small wall that is arranged along the perimeter of the roof and looks like a building envelope. This design works on both pitched and flat roofs. In the first case, the parapet is built above the cornice and it is clearly visible from below. In the second case, a small barrier completely closes the roof from view. So that atmospheric precipitation and air currents do not destroy the parapet, this elevation is covered with an apron, which can be made of galvanized or copper sheet metal. Structurally, it is equipped with special drippers, with the help of which water is diverted from the building. Droppers prevent water from entering the protected areas of the parapet.

There are options for brick or concrete parapets covered not with metal aprons, but with concrete slabs.

Principles of joining the roof to the parapet

In order for aprons made of galvanized metal sheets to be securely attached to the fence, strobes and niches are created in the design of the parapet. The upper edges of the aprons are inserted into these grooves, which are metal sheets bent into profile products. Aprons can also be used from black steel for roofing, but it must be painted on all sides using heated drying oil. Niches and strobes are provided for the adjoining device by construction necessity. It is known from practice that a single roofing sheet is not enough. This is due to the fact that the vertical sections are not always even. In addition, the fastening is negatively affected by unstable temperature conditions and precipitation. In connection with these negative phenomena, the apron may not fit snugly against the curb. With the help of grooves, these problems are solved.

• When the edge of a sheet made of a particular material is inserted into a niche, its height must be at least 0.1 m.
• If a strobe is used to install the apron, the latter is sealed with a cement-sand mortar, which protects the structure from precipitation.

At a distance of 1 m from each other along the length of the parapet, wooden plugs impregnated with an antiseptic are installed. Bars with a triangular cross-section are fixed to the corks. From above, this design is covered with an apron.

• Laying fragments of the apron is done to the side into which precipitation will flow, while the overlap should be at least 0.1 m.
• If the roof is flat, then its joint with the fence is covered with waterproofing in several layers. Mastic waterproofing needs reinforcement. Geotextiles or glass-based materials are best suited for these purposes. During installation, an overlap of 0.15 m is arranged. The material is pressed against a vertical surface through an additional side. Then the resulting structure is smeared with an emulsion or mastic. After the fastener has cooled down, the second layer is laid on the first layer. So that the “layer cake” does not slip, it is fixed with a metal apron, which, among other things, performs a protective function. The drawing demonstrates well how the adjunction of mating surfaces is arranged.

Connecting device with soft roof

When installing a roll-type roof adjoining to the parapet, special attention must be paid to waterproofing - it must be reinforced. When installing roofing, the material must be wound onto a vertical wall. When laying the material, a special support must be present at the junction of the surfaces.

In the absence of an auxiliary rim, a vulnerable cavity is formed at the junction of the surfaces of the roof and the parapet. In this place, the flooring under mechanical action can be easily damaged, resulting in depressurization of the coating.

• In order to avoid problems associated with damage to the roofing material, the joint between the surface of the roof and the parapet is laid with a supporting edge, which has 2 angles of 45º in cross section. Its device is carried out from a mixture based on cement and sand. Instead of this support, a wooden block impregnated with a bio- and fire retardant can be placed, which in cross section has the form of an isosceles triangle. Thanks to this side, the coating material will adhere tightly to the entire adjacent surface.
• If the waterproofing material is roofing material, then using hot bituminous mastic, the rolled material must be glued to the entire surface of the roof, starting from its base and ending with the parapet wall, including the side. After some time, the operation must be repeated, covering the roof with a second layer of roofing material. During the construction of the parapet, a special groove is arranged in its inner surface. When two surfaces are joined, the edge of the roofing material is inserted into the groove from the outside. A junction node is possible with the installation of a roofing material on the upper section of the parapet.
• If the edge of the roofing strip goes into the strobe, the material must be fixed with a metal bar, which will press the roofing material against the wall with dowels. This part and joint are sealed with sealant. The next layer will be paint that protects the structure from precipitation. At the end, a metal apron is put on the parapet, which can be attached to the bar.
• In the option with the introduction of roofing material on top of the parapet, the roofing material is first fixed with heated bitumen, and then covered with an apron or slabs.

Techniques exist to perform the abutment of these surfaces using mastic agents having hydrophobic characteristics. With this treatment, the coating is created without seams, and the abutment is reliably sealed.

Video

Installing the junction to the parapet, if a ventilated facade is made: