How to extinguish a stove with waste oil. How does a do-it-yourself drip-type furnace work? Stove on waste oil from a pipe with your own hands

To keep your unheated garage at an acceptable temperature in winter period, you can build a working oven with your own hands. It is not expensive, and fuel can be obtained for it at a bargain price if you try. There are several options for the construction of such a structure of varying degrees of complexity. Let's take a look at some of them.

To save on heating a small utility room, you can build it yourself

Fuel oil has long been used by humans as fuel. Being one of the heaviest components of oil, this substance is used not only for fuel, but also for the production of various oils and other liquids for petrochemical production. Like all components of oil, fuel oil and its derivatives have good flammability with release a large number heat. Used automotive oil must be disposed of with sophisticated technological processes... However, you can benefit from it by performing combustion in homemade oven on working off. A drawing of the simplest version of such a design may look like the one shown below.

Waste oil is a very complex substance made up of a mixture of various hydrocarbons. If you set it on fire, only volatile substances will burn out, and everything else will go to waste. Moreover, they are very toxic and it is forbidden to dispose of them in an ordinary landfill. When heated without combustion, the mining begins to disintegrate into many components, most of which are gaseous. Here they are, with sufficient access of oxygen, burn out completely, leaving no harmful substances. For such a process to occur, it is necessary to build a working furnace. You can do this with your own hands, for example, from an old gas cylinder.

How to make a working oven with your own hands is the easiest way

In order to independently make a stove for a garage, which will consume used car oil as fuel, you need to find an old gas cylinder. Before you start cutting it, you need to release all the residual gas and drain the condensate. After that, the balloon is rinsed with water to exclude even the very possibility of ignition. To disassemble the cylinder, you need to release the gas from it by pressing the valve.

Helpful advice! To make sure that there is no gas in the cylinder completely, it is necessary to lubricate the valve liquid soap... Press the valve until the soapy water stops bubbling.

After the gas is completely drained, the valve must be unscrewed. If this is not possible, then you will have to drill a small hole with a diameter of 10 mm in the bottom of the cylinder. To do this, we take a drill and drill in the center of the bottom, without pressing hard, so as not to get sparks. To be sure, the place of drilling is constantly watered. As soon as the hole is ready, ordinary water is poured into the cylinder and rinsed. Then the water is drained and the places of the cuts on the cylinder are marked.

When making a do-it-yourself furnace from a gas cylinder, a drawing of which was presented earlier, it is necessary to cut lower part... Its height is 20 cm. Legs are welded to it, which can be adjusted for ease of installation on any surface.

A primary combustion chamber is made from the bottom. Waste oil will be poured into it, which in the process of controlled combustion will be heated and decomposed into volatile fractions. The top of this chamber is covered round lid made of 4 mm thick steel. It must be easily removed if necessary, since the inner surface of the chamber needs to be thoroughly cleaned from slags every week.

A hole with a diameter of 10-15 cm is cut in the middle of the lid. A 50 cm long pipe is welded onto it, in which a set of 10 mm is drilled. holes. The pipe must be thick-walled, at least 4 mm. In the same lid, a hole is made on the side of a smaller one, up to 5 cm in diameter. A small tube with a shutter is inserted into it. It plays the role of a filler neck for oil filling and a throttle to control the flow of the air mixture into the furnace.

Since a self-created furnace for working off needs to remove smoke without exhausting fire, another chamber is made from the top of the cylinder, in which the exhaust gases cool before flying into the pipe. There is a baffle inside this chamber to prevent direct fire from entering the exhaust pipe. The incandescent gases have time to completely burn out in this chamber while they bend around this partition.

Helpful advice! The height of the chimney must be 4 m. This optimal size to ensure proper traction. It must be strictly vertical, since any horizontal sections are capable of accumulating condensation in themselves.

This oven works as follows. Through the hole in the combustion chamber, waste oil is poured into two-thirds of its volume. There it is set on fire. When the burning intensifies, the damper is closed. This ensures more economical oil consumption and complete burnout. When heated, the fractions that are not immediately burnt rise into a perforated pipe, where they come into contact with air, after which they ignite and burn, releasing heat in large quantities. The exhaust gases enter the upper chamber, where they are finally burned out and exhausted into the pipe.

So from an ordinary gas cylinder, you can make a working furnace. A drawing with all the details and their dimensions can be seen in the photo.

Do-it-yourself furnace for working out (video)

The use of capillary technology in the manufacture of the furnace

In addition to the simplest method of manufacturing an oil furnace described above, more advanced versions are also used. One of them is a working capillary furnace. It is also within the power of anyone who knows how to handle metal and tools to make it with their own hands.

Oil in this design is not just poured into the combustion chamber, where it is in large quantities, but it is done gradually by means of a drip system. This method allows the oil to burn out with greater efficiency, and its consumption is reduced to a minimum. Separately from the furnace, an oil tank is installed in the upper part, which is connected to the combustion chamber of the furnace by a branch pipe. Installed in the branch pipe control valve, with the help of which the flow of oil into the furnace is dosed. The rest of the design is no different from the simplest working furnace. With your own hands, the drawings presented below will help you make such a unit without difficulty.

When making a homemade stove that runs on waste oil, you can use electric fans. With the help of them, it is possible not only to inject an air mass into the combustion chamber, but also to remove hot air from the furnace, creating artificial circulation indoors, which will significantly speed up the process of heating it to the desired temperature. To do this, a casing is mounted around the main chamber, in which an air flow is created using a fan. You can see the work of such a do-it-yourself furnace for testing live. The video of the entire combustion process is very interesting and visual.

One of the most economical is the waste oil furnace, which is a cheap fuel. Usually there is enough of it at the service station, in the transport companies. Of course, mining can be disposed of, but it is more expedient to reuse it, which saves money. After all, working furnaces provide high heat transfer - 15 kW, which is comparable to the indicators. At the same time, moderate fuel consumption is guaranteed - up to 2 liters per hour.

Note: Using a stove during mining has its advantages. The principle of air heating is applied, which allows heating workshops, garages and other similar premises. Since working off is an inalienable " by-effect»The activities of a car service, then working furnaces are often used in such premises.

The owners save a lot on energy.

Serial Waste Oil Furnace

Let's highlight the advantages of using waste oil:

• no soot, burning during combustion;
• ease of use;
• high fire safety (vapor combustion occurs);
• fuel availability.

disadvantages

However, there is also a disadvantage of using waste oil:

• unrefined oil will clog nozzles, filters and other elements of the stove during mining, an explosion is possible;
• unrefined oil contains alcohols, water and impurities that will not allow it to be used for the boiler.

Consequently, the oil needs to be refined. Doing it yourself is unlikely to succeed. Certain conditions are needed. Therefore, you need to buy prepared oil. Since car services are obliged to conclude contracts for the disposal of spent fuel, the purchase will cost a certain amount.

Simple construction waste oil furnace

At the same time, more serious storage conditions must be provided for the oil than, for example, for firewood. After all, when low temperatures it freezes. It is necessary to store in a heated room or to dig a hole for a container with fuel, the depth of which will exceed the level of freezing of the earth.

Types of devices

Let us consider what kind of furnaces there are for working off.

The most popular options are turbo burners and pyrolysis devices. In the latter, mining heats up when there is a lack of oxygen in the first chamber. Combustion of decomposition products takes place in the second chamber, where there is already a sufficient supply of oxygen. By changing the air supply level, the process temperature is regulated.

Waste oil furnace in a protective casing

The main disadvantage of such a furnace during mining is that it is not automatically possible to maintain the temperature, and there is also a need for periodic cleaning of the fractions that accumulate in the chamber.

Special waste oil oven

Turbo burners operate on the same principle as diesel engines. Oil enters the chamber and its vapors burn. Such a waste oil furnace needs to maintain a certain quality of fuel. In addition, the device should be warmed up before use.

There are such oil stoves, given the design:

• with drip fuel supply;
• supercharged;
• from a gas cylinder.

Functioning principle

The principle of operation of the oil oven is based on the combustion of vapors. As a rule, about a liter of liquid is poured into the fuel container. To provoke a fire, a little gasoline is poured from above, and then set on fire. After a few minutes, the oil heats up, begins to boil, vapors rise, they ignite and pass through a specially perforated pipe. The holes provide air supply for the combustion process.

Waste oil oven

When a stable mode is reached, a temperature of 900 degrees will be achieved. There is a container on the pipe, which acts as a heat exchanger. It can be used as a tile or for organizing hot water heating.

If the scheme of the furnace is correctly selected and implemented, the device can work for almost a day at one refueling. The temperature is adjusted using a hole through which oil can be poured. The increase in temperature is accompanied by the opening of the damper. If you close it completely, the device will stop functioning.

Standard oil heaters include:

• two containers;
• a pipe with holes connecting these containers;

For better fuel combustion, air boost can be used. An excellent operating principle is characterized by a furnace where combustion occurs from top to bottom.

Ready-made solutions

A waste oil stove is quite often present in the assortment of different manufacturers of heating equipment. The models on the market are characterized by different sizes, power and other parameters, not to mention the difference in appearance devices.

Ready-made models of furnaces operating on waste oil

One of the options is the "Heat" oil stove. This design is intended for heating premises with warm air. Waste oil obtained from various engines, hydraulic circuits and other devices is used as fuel. The device successfully maintains an air temperature of 50–70 degrees. These parameters are determined at the outlet of the stove. The device provides smooth regulation of the pump rotation speed to obtain a certain level of power - from 20 to 40 kW.

The kit contains a fuel tank, which is necessary to ensure the functioning of the furnace without the need for additional refueling. Consumption - 2.5–4.5 liters. The weight of the device is 130 kg. Automatic ignition is provided. A natural addition to the design is a quality certificate.

Requirements for homemade designs

To make a waste oil oven with your own hands, it is recommended to first decide on the materials for production, dimensions and other technical data. Only on the basis of these parameters can we try to ensure an effective and safe work devices.

DIY Waste Oil Furnace Model

The device must be hermetically sealed, its design must meet the concepts of the safety of using such devices. Then the made stove on waste oil with your own hands will work really safely.

Having created a drawing of a stove using waste oil, you can proceed to further actions.

From a gas cylinder

Note: It is best to use a gas cylinder as a material for making a stove for working off with your own hands. Such containers have a sufficient wall thickness, which will contribute to a longer operation of the device.

The stove made from a gas cylinder is capable of heating a room up to 100 m 2. It is quite possible to equip it to organize water heating... Such a do-it-yourself furnace for working out requires forced air supply. The drawings of the furnaces on the working off must ensure the creation of such a design that will prevent the cylinder from heating up to fire hazardous temperatures.

Waste oil furnace made from a gas cylinder

To make a stove for working off with your own hands, you need the following materials and tools:

• level, tape measure;
• drill;
• file;
• Bulgarian;
• welding machine;
• steel corners;
• pipes for the burner and chimney;
• gas cylinder 50 l;
• a container for fuel with a volume of about 10 liters.

Now let's look at how to make the device yourself, focusing on the previously prepared drawings and diagrams.

The wall thickness of the gas cylinder is 1.5 cm. If this parameter is increased, heating from the inside will not be ensured, which will not allow the oil to evaporate. The chamber will be provided with about 600 degrees, while the fuel boils at 300 degrees.

A variant of the design of a homemade stove from a gas cylinder

To make a high-quality design, it is worth taking care of the destruction of the characteristic smell of gas, to which a perfume is specially added to determine the leak. The condensate needs to be drained. In some cases, the container is filled with water and then drained. Next, you need to bury it tightly in the ground, and then cut off the top, using, of course, a grinder.

The bottom part will be useful as a camera, and the cut off top will be used as a cover. Then you need to weld steel corners to the bottom of the cylinder, which will be used as legs.

Handmade waste oil oven

Next, we take the lower part, measure 10 cm from its top, cut the hole required for the exhaust pipe. Therefore, when performing an operation, its diameter must be taken into account (as a rule, a size of 10 cm is chosen, a length of 4 m).

A pipe must be inserted into the hole made. Keeping it upright, weld. The verticality of an element can be traced using a level.

From the junction of the pipe and cylinder, you need to retreat 10 cm along the pipe to make holes. For this, you can use a welding machine, since the diameter needs about 2 mm. There should be about 10 such holes, the pitch between them should be 5 mm.

Simple design of a waste oil furnace made from a gas cylinder

A hole with a diameter of up to 8 cm should be made in this pipe. This is necessary for welding a pipe up to 4 m long. It is installed horizontally. On top of the cylinder, you need to make a hole for filling the oil. Its diameter is up to 8 cm.

It should be noted that unrefined oil should not be poured even into a homemade oven. It may contain components that can lead to a fire or even an explosion.

To provide heating of water or food, you can make an additional "tray" with your own hands. To do this, you can use a steel rectangle, it is welded to the lid.

Do-it-yourself furnace for working off

Exploitation

The oil must be filled in at about 0.7 of the volume of the cylinder. After that, the paper is ignited, stacked on top. Then the lid is closed. You need to wait a while for the temperature in the oven to rise. The oil will begin to give off vapors, which will start burning on their own.

Simple design of a homemade waste oil oven

And here you need to pay attention that you cannot add oil, gasoline if the oven is working. When the equipment has cooled down, you can clean it yourself.

Let's summarize

The waste oil stove is built on a good technology, which may well be used for heating non-residential premises. If you think over the scheme correctly, draw drawings, then it is quite possible to make a structure with your own hands.

Independent production of a waste oil furnace from a barrel

And even if you yourself will not be able to achieve the same quality as the finished models, homemade samples have sufficient efficiency and functionality to try to make them yourself. To provide best quality combustion, you can retrofit the device with your own hands, then the working furnace will become an irreplaceable source of heat, moreover, affordable and productive.

The working furnace had already taken its place on the heating equipment market in the late 60s, when garage cooperatives began to form and the need arose for cheap heating of technical premises. Then the craftsmen came up with a scheme for using waste oil in the form of fuel. But even today, the issue of making a furnace for working out according to drawings with your own hands remains relevant.

• Show all

  Pros and cons of aggregates

  If you design the model correctly, then the device will not only heat the room, but will also be able to supply the owner with warm water for washing hands, brewing tea and other things. In garages or special rooms, there is not always a free space for storing firewood or other solid fuel, therefore, craftsmen prefer mining devices.

  Used oil can now be obtained practically free of charge, as it often has to be disposed of after use. If it is impossible to find for free from friends or neighbors, service stations are always ready to sell any amount of mining for a small fee.

  The heat dissipation of the device is quite large and is practically equal to electric heaters. In one hour of work, it can use from 0.5 to 2 liters of material. This heating method has many advantages, but there are also many disadvantages.

  The advantages of a working furnace are the following factors:

  • they are ideal for heating closed rooms, not only of a technical type, but also for greenhouses, rooms where birds or other pets live;
  • if you properly equip and design the stove, then it will not smoke and give a lot of burning;
  • such a device is easy to operate;
  • due to the fact that mining is not burned, but burns, then with proper use and compliance with safety rules, it fully meets all the required standards.

  In addition to the visible advantages, one can also highlight some disadvantages:

  • oil with various additives and impurities must not be used in the device, since it can be explosive, moreover, it will clog the nozzles;
  • the chimney and stove often need cleaning;
  • the device makes a lot of noise during operation.

  Do-it-yourself oven for working off!

  

  Such a device can be made by hand. But there are other options - for example, a waste oil pyrolysis oven or a turbo burner oven. The principle of operation is the same for them.

  In this case, in the lower (vacuum) chamber of the device, due to the lack of oxygen access, the mining heats up, burns out and vapor is released, which passes into another chamber. The combustion process takes place in it, since there is already enough oxygen there. The convenience of using this option is that it is possible to regulate the amount of oxygen supplied to the pyrolysis chamber, respectively, to decrease or increase the intensity of the combustion process.

  
  

  The disadvantages include the rapid contamination of the chambers and chimney with combustion products.

  In addition, the temperature regime cannot be maintained automatically, therefore, the process must be constantly monitored. Although it is possible to decrease and increase the access of oxygen, and thereby regulate the air temperature in the room. But it will not work exactly to expose it.

  For self-made many materials at hand are used. These include gas cylinders, oxygen cylinders, or ordinary barrels. They may be different diameters... They also use metal pipes, sheets and more. The design itself is based on a blowing or drip system.

  Do-it-yourself furnace for working off

  

  Using a gas cylinder

  Gas cylinders are an excellent base material. The shape of these products is already the same as needed for the production of a stove for working off according to the scheme. In addition, the thickness of the metal allows the unit to be used for many years.

  A device made from such a cylinder will be able to provide heating for a room of 70-80 squares. If you modify the design and complete the water circuit, then the system will be a good analogue of the usual gas heating... The downside is that to use this homemade device can only be used for heating technical rooms. The device is not suitable for apartment heating or for a private house, as it emits too much noise and unpleasant odors.

  Such a furnace does not require the installation of a turbo burner for forced air supply, and the mining enters it by gravity.

  

  Necessary materials

  As with any other device, for the production of a heater with your own hands using waste oil, you need to prepare all the tools.

  For self-production you will need the following materials:

  

  You will also need a standard set of tools, which is available in almost any workshop. These include welding, grinder, drill, grinder, building level and tape measure, other locksmith tools.

  Step by step guide

  First, you need to prepare the gas cylinder itself for work. It is necessary to release gas residues from it and get rid of a specific smell.

  For this, such actions:

  1. 1. The tank is cleaned of the accumulated condensate, then in several stages the cylinder is rinsed with water. The whole process should take place only on the street.
  2. 2. Then it is buried halfway into the ground for stability. You can use any method for this purpose, for example, install in a narrow pallet.
  3. 3. The balloon is filled completely with water.
  4. 4. Mark its top to make a straight cut.
  5. 5. Then the upper part is notched according to the marks. Water will begin to flow from the hole. You need to wait until the water is completely drained, and only then continue to work.

  Heating the garage. Super - stove from a cylinder "100% efficiency" / Propane wood stove

  Subsequently, the cut top will act as a lid for the fuel tank, and the bottom will directly heat the room. Then the liquid from the cylinder is completely drained.

  During operation, the device must be lifted off the floor. To do this, you need to weld legs about 20 cm high to it. When the unit is already "on its feet", you can make holes for the chimney. Such work is done 70 cm from the top of the structure, and the hole itself should be round, although this is not of fundamental importance. The main thing is that it meets the parameters of a pre-prepared chimney, which is subsequently welded into the hole.

  The weld seam must be tight and even. After that, the vertical is welded to the horizontal part of the chimney. Its length is about 4 meters, and it will go out into the street. The vertical and horizontal parts are connected with a knee. A hole is cut out from the bottom of the cylinder, which will serve as a blower. It is closed by a door and thus it will be possible to regulate the air supply to the system.

  Next, you should make a container for storing fuel. Usually a pipe with a diameter of 14 cm and a height of 7-10 cm is used for this. You need to cut out the lid and immediately make two holes in it. They are performed according to the following rules:

  1. 1. The first is done exactly in the center of the device with a diameter of 10-12 cm and a pipe of the same diameter is welded to it.
  2. 2. The second - closer to the edge of the cover with a diameter of 7 cm. This hole will serve for filling the mining and adjusting the fuel supply.

  Then you need to take metal pipe with a diameter equal to the central opening of the lid of the container for filling fuel, to which a round plate (plug) with a width equal to the diameter of the cylinder itself is welded on the upper side. The length of this pipe corresponds to the length of the same cylinder minus the length of the fuel container. The second end (lower) of the pipe in question is welded to the central hole of the firebox (container).

  New furnace for working out from a gas cylinder.

  Before this, holes must be drilled in the pipe around the entire perimeter. Further, the resulting structure should be installed inside the cylinder itself.

  The first tests of the device can now be carried out. This process is best done outdoors as it can be explosive. If the test is successful, then you can bring it into the room and connect the chimney.

  If the device is supplemented with a water heating circuit, then it will be able to heat quite large rooms... The unit without such a device has one significant drawback: it will be very hot near the stove, and cold in the corner of the room. The water circuit effectively solves these problems.

  Sheet metal construction

  Usage metal sheets is a more common variant of such devices. It is possible to make a working furnace out of a square tube, but this option is not so popular.

  
  

  Sheet metal model is popular for a number of reasons:

  • it is compact;
  • weighs no more than 30 kg;
  • there is a hob on which you can not only boil water, but also use it for cooking.

  It should be noted that such models exist in different configurations, weights and dimensions, but they all work according to the same principle and with the same functionality.

  The main precautions can be noted:

  

  Thus, you can make your own stove of any size for testing without any problems. It will bring many benefits to its owner.

Waste oil stoves have gained popularity for several reasons - the appearance of synthetic oils that are easier to burn than older oils without additives, and the possibility of purchasing "waste" - oil drained from the engine and transmission, contaminated with metal particles. Since this unusable substance requires processing, removal and storage, it is easier for enterprises to dispose of it as quickly as possible so as not to come into conflict with environmental legislation.

It is impossible to buy mining from those who are engaged in the manufacture of heating oil from it - these are licensed entrepreneurs and firms that will not sell raw materials instead of their own product. But it is possible to buy used oil in a car service at very low prices.

If you yourself run a car service, that is, you have access to working out in large quantities, then it can be put into circulation quite simply - it can be used as fuel. But this will require an oven with certain parameters, in which the mining will not just burn out, but will burn out completely, give a high temperature and will not be recognized by the checking as a source of harmful emissions.

To do this, you need to make a furnace capable of completely burning out all the components of the used oil. This is not so easy, given its complex composition and some of the subtleties of the combustion process of such products. In particular, it is necessary to create a structure that will allow nitrogen oxides, extremely harmful compounds, not to escape into the atmosphere, but to take part in the combustion of other fuel components.

In this course of events, nitrogen oxides will turn into water, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, that is, substances less hazardous from an environmental point of view. And the combustion of mining in the furnace will be almost complete, which is very important - it will have to be cleaned less when receiving a large amount of heat.

Working furnace - advantages and disadvantages

What should be taken into account in the manufacture of a working furnace, what are the main principles, difficulties and advantages of such a solution?

Advantages

1. The stove runs on cheap and affordable fuel.
2. The combustion efficiency is high enough to obtain a high temperature of the furnace body, which means a high heat transfer in the range of about 500 - 700 degrees.
3. The design of the furnace allows you to assemble it from steel using a welding machine, which is not at all difficult with experience and material.
4. Combustion in such a furnace is supported independently - these are physical principles her work. Combustion can be controlled by limiting the fuel supply with a simple throttle valve.

disadvantages

Let's remember the difficulties and disadvantages.

1. The high temperature of the furnace body requires the allocation of a special place for it, cleared of all fuel at least half a meter from the device.
2. When heated by such a stove, the heat is distributed unevenly, it is easier to say that it is very hot near, and cold far away.
3. The oil waste furnace works on the principle of radiation, not heating the air.
4. There is always the possibility of fuel boiling in the preheating chamber, and when certain conditions- ejection of boiling fuel from the body.
5. The oven is very active in absorbing oxygen in the room.
6. The design should take into account the high temperature in the chimney, which means that in places of contact with the roof it is necessary to create a protective layer of non-combustible refractory material. Chimney in the very simple version can only be vertical - we will write about the reasons below.
7. Firefighters' claims are possible if the stove is installed in a service or workshop.

Is it possible to balance the advantages and disadvantages of the design, or find an economical, efficient and safe alternative to a homemade waste oil heating stove? You can at least level some of the design flaws and make full use of its full potential.

How a waste oil oven works

The principle of operation of the oil waste stove - combustion oily liquid step by step for the complete combustion of all its components. When using the development with synthetic additives instead of pure rectified oil, this becomes possible. All gear and engine oils now contain synthetic additives to make our job easier.

Why are we talking about two stages? - oil consists of light and heavy components that burn (oxidize with the release of heat) at different temperatures. They need different amounts of oxygen, different temperatures and division into areas where specific processes will take place. The effect of complete combustion can be obtained by separating the substance into fractions already in the combustion process.

Pyrolysis tends to maintain stability, maintain itself, and we can get a process that is simplified like this:

The preheated fuel ignites in the lower part of the combustion chamber of the furnace on waste oil, light substances burn, creating a primary temperature and draft for the evaporation of heavier fractions;

In the middle part of the combustion chamber, heavy components are heated to the combustion temperature and the maximum flow of oxygen from the outside;

The hot pyrolysis mixture enters the upper part of the furnace, where the process of “afterburning” the fuel decomposed into vapors and gases takes place with the decomposition of nitrogen oxides and active heat transfer;

Combustion products go into the chimney, heat is given to the room in the form of radiation.

Features of fuel combustion in furnaces during mining

Why is it possible to use only a vertical chimney in such a waste oil oven? Why create the middle of the furnace as a vertical tube with oxygen supply holes? The fact is that good traction and complete combustion of all components can be obtained only when the entire mixture is heated. If the vapors begin to fly through the combustion chamber at high speed, then there will be no time for this particular warm-up, and the point is

But if you apply the knowledge of the laws of physics, then you can achieve a decrease in the speed of heavy components, give them time to warm up - due to the Coriolis force arising in the vertical part of the combustion chamber. It is a consequence of the rotation of the Earth around its axis, and its effect is expressed in the fact that liquids and gases are twisted in a spiral in a vertical pipe. Thanks to this twisting, the gas components are mixed, stay in the combustion area for a time sufficient for full heating and combustion, to build such a structure will disappear.

You can get this effect different ways, but in the simplest version, it is possible to achieve a certain ratio of the height and diameter of the vertical part of the combustion chamber and the chimney, if the strictly calculated dimensions are not violated. In case of violation, the effect of incomplete combustion will occur, soot and soot will begin to settle on the pipe, black smoke will tumble down, and some of the gases will begin to break through into the room through the holes for the flow of oxygen.

After the gases in the combustion chamber are heated and the mixture is saturated with oxygen, the afterburning phase begins, which occurs in the upper part of the furnace. There can be either a kind of expansion with a partition, or a funnel of a certain shape - a temperature jump should occur in them, after which oxygen will give up some of the unburned substances to nitrogen oxides. At this stage of afterburning, hazardous and harmful components are converted into carbon dioxide, water vapor and nitrogen.

How to improve a waste oil stove

What can be improved in this design to achieve more functionality and get rid of limitations?

1. It is possible to increase the thermal power of the furnace operating on waste oil in order to convert part of the radiant energy into heating the air, to obtain a convection scheme for more uniform heating.
2. It is possible to circumvent the requirement to build only a vertical chimney - in this case, we can use horizontal sections to give more heat to the room and reduce the danger from heating the roof. So it is more convenient to bring the chimney into the wall, which is much easier than laying it through the roof.
3. It is possible to create a system of uniform fuel supply to the lower part of the combustion chamber in order to add mining not too often, not to constantly control its amount in the heating chamber.

The first two optimizing effects can be obtained using the force of air movement, pressurization, but with certain restrictions. The fact is that feeding air into the combustion chamber from below is useless. It will only lead to a loss of temperature balance and a loss of the mixing effect from the Coriolis force, that is, it will nullify all the advantages of the pyrolysis process.

It is simply useless and even dangerous to make any views and hatches for blowing in the furnace during mining - they can have the effect of throwing out a flame, fuel or a jet of burning gas outside. Unlike a wood-burning stove, this system balances itself and does not need a forced air flow during the combustion-afterburning phase. The holes in the vertical part of the combustion chamber are enough for it.

At the stage of exhausting gases, you can help the stove - install a fan in the chimney to push the combustion products along the horizontal pipe, compensating for the loss of draft from its laying. In fact, this means that the fan will “blow after the gases”, creating overpressure to push them towards the exit from the pipe.

Pressurization methods - injector and ejector

There are two options for creating such a device.

1. The first approach involves installing a constant fan in the “elbow” of the chimney, which will maintain draft and expel gases. When it is turned off, the exhaust gases will begin to return to the room, and the efficiency of the furnace on waste oil will sharply decrease. It is possible to install a valve in the form of a simple “clapper” between the chimney and the fan, which will easily rise from the air flow created by the fan, and just as easily slam shut when it is turned off. The option is not very convenient precisely because of the need to constantly maintain the draft with the fan. You can use a computer fan, kitchen exhaust fan, or a small industrial fan that creates a steady flow of air for ejector boost.
2. The second approach is somewhat more difficult to execute, it is good in cases where part of the chimney is laid with a certain slope. A thin tube is inserted into the elbow of the chimney, and compressed air is periodically fed through it, instantly increasing the draft. When using this system - injection - it is possible to dramatically increase the efficiency of fuel combustion with a simultaneous decrease in its consumption. As a result, it will be possible for a short time to strongly heat up the oven, and then transfer it to a more “quiet mode”.

The use of pressurization depends entirely on the capabilities of the owner of the furnace and the specifics of its location. Anyway, heating stoves on waste oil are suitable for garages and mini-workshops, but they require compliance with fire safety rules - removing objects from the body, clearing the space and controlling the temperature.

We must not forget that it is, in principle, impossible to extinguish such a furnace until the fuel is completely burned out. The flame will support itself in the form of a lazy tongue, which will instantly flare up when a new portion of oil is received.

Extraction of heat from the furnace during mining

Heat removal from the furnace body can be organized in two ways:

Installing a fan at some distance, which will constantly blow on the case, driving air past it for even distribution. Normal household fan will not be able to critically lower the temperature in the combustion chamber and will not cause the termination of the afterburning of fuel. At the same time, there will be more comfort in the room, but it is worth paying attention to this - the fan can partially blow out gases through the holes in the vertical part of the combustion chamber. This is quite risky for those indoors;

The equipment on the body of the furnace is a coil with constantly flowing water - a kind of water heating circuit. It can be replaced with a hot water jacket located in the upper third of the combustion chamber. An indispensable condition is that there must be a gap for air in between the elements for receiving heat and the body of the combustion chamber. It is not worth lowering the heat extraction circuit below.

If you connect to such a system forced circulation, then it will be enough to heat a house or summer cottage, and the natural circulation of the coolant will be enough for a small building. We remind you that all these solutions require correct calculation, because excessive heat extraction will lead to a loss of afterburning efficiency, and excessive heat will lead to melting or cracking of pipes with water. If air is restricted to the combustion chamber, the stove will also lose efficiency.

Duration of work and fuel consumption

The fuel consumption in such a furnace is about a liter per hour of operation, and when using a blower fan - up to one and a half liters. If you want to achieve a longer operation of the oven without adding oil, then you can install a container next to it. bigger size and connect the lower parts with a tube. The principle of communicating vessels will work - the liquid in the combustion chamber and the additional container will be at the same level.

It makes no sense to make the combustion chamber large, because the fuel in it will not warm up to the required temperature. An additional capacity with a throttle valve will help create a fuel reserve for several hours of combustion, even overnight, without the risk of “overflowing” or interrupting the flow of mining.

Dangers, difficulties, alternatives to a homemade furnace for working out

The design we have described has serious drawbacks.

1. A homemade working furnace is a device with a partially open combustion chamber, and this excludes its installation in residential premises. In addition, its body is heated to very high temperatures, which is also dangerous. You will have to build a separate room for her and conduct heat in country house either through the duct or using a coolant. This negates all the advantages of using development and simplicity of design.
2. In the event of a fire, such a device will become a reason for refusing insurance payments - the furnace is not certified, has not been tested, and does not have a passport.
3. If a working furnace with a high water content enters the tank of a furnace, a possible instant boiling of the mixture with the release of vapors is an explosion, from which people and the structure will suffer.
4. The use of such a stove in a car service or an entrepreneur's workshop is a source of problems with fire services, endless fines.

Nozzles and Flame Bowls

A safer design option is to use a drip-fed nozzle or combustion bowl, but here a lot of technological and constitutive difficulties arise. The manufacture of these units is associated with the work of a very precise modern equipment... The nozzle must operate with a constant flow compressed air, and the supply of fuel by drops into the thicket is associated with precise dosages and raising the mining to a height - above the combustion chamber.

The flame bowl is considered as an option for creating a waste oil furnace, but its design is very difficult to manufacture. Without skills, such a device cannot be built. For him, you will have to buy or assemble a blower fan - a "snail" to swirl the air flow, calculate the installation location. This is a challenge for professionals, but in an industry where there are professionals, it is unpopular. There it is more profitable to use a nozzle or a burner with a compressed air supply, a filter and a fuel pump.

A flame bowl with a porous filter element, although it gives a stable economical combustion, cannot be assembled into a completely safe structure with your own hands. It's too complicated. Moreover, no inspectors and insurers will recognize such a device as safe, and expertise will be incredibly expensive.

Furnace on the development of industrial production

Those who still want to take advantage of the development opportunities - especially the owners of car services, workshops - it is better to look for and buy a furnace operating on waste oil of industrial development and assembly. For heating industrial premises, there are more effective option with a blower fan that creates good conditions for mixing air. In this case, the air is heated in the heat exchanger without the combustion products entering there.

Fans of palliative solutions, amateur performances and exoticism would like to advise - correlate the benefits of using such an oven with its limited capabilities and cost. To homemade stove working off has become safe and convenient, you will have to spend a lot of work and buy a lot of equipment. Isn't it easier to buy a ready-made and certified product right away, which can not only be put in the garage!

Agree that for heating one garage and a barn, the efforts are simply inadequate! And for the safe heating of production, even the smallest, there are compact and manufacturers of furnaces, air heaters and waste oil boilers. It is very difficult and troublesome to make a furnace for testing on your own. Its safety and performance will in any case turn out to be much lower than that of proven industrial products with modern burners and even combustion bowls.

Sometimes heating the garage or other utility room is indispensable. But how to organize it - this question becomes insoluble for the majority. Installation of solid fuel stoves is not difficult, however, they require the purchase of firewood, coal, which is a problem in regions where there are no forests. It is much easier to negotiate with a car service, to buy used engine oil for a song or even for nothing - after all, recycling also costs money. Craftsmen will gladly agree to give away this fuel, subject to self-pickup. Today we'll talk about do-it-yourself stoves. We will provide drawings, video instructions, which means that the reader can easily figure it out.

Read in the article:

What is mining, and how to use it in heating

Development is called engine oil, which has served its life in the car engine and must be replaced. It is drained, replaced with fresh, and the old must be disposed of in specialized services - after all, it cannot be poured onto the street.

A little help! If you pour mining or other fuels and lubricants on the ground, all the grass dries up at this place, and the "dead" black spot will be "pleasing to the eye" for another 5-10 years.

Used engine oil is used in heating systems as a coolant, however, for utility rooms there is a simpler option that does not require high costs for the installation of highways and the installation of the boiler. We are talking about a home-made mining furnace in which oil is used as fuel. It may seem that it is difficult to make such a unit, however, this is a delusion. The issue of modernization is being resolved - an insert is mounted on testing for the stove. This work is within the power of even a master who has never encountered such designs. But first things first.

The principle of operation of the stove during mining

It is clear that if you just light oil, the room will instantly be filled with caustic smoke, and you will not be able to stay in it. This issue is solved by an insert - a perforated pipe. Let's understand the principle of operation of the unit.

In simple words, to the combustion chamber conventional oven a second chamber is added and connected to the first pipe segment. Oil poured into the first chamber ignites, but soot (in fact, unburned fuel, which gives the main heat) has nowhere to go, and it rushes through a perforated pipe into the second chamber (wood-burning stove). Through the holes, the mixture is saturated with oxygen, which allows it to burn. As a result, intense combustion occurs inside the chimney, passing into the second chamber, and the soot that has already remained is removed to the street through the chimney.

But understanding how it works is half the battle. In order to understand how to make a furnace for testing, you need to take into account many nuances, know the unit diagram. In addition, the heating devices themselves can be different types... Let's try to deal with this issue.

Varieties of stoves on waste engine oil

Among the total mass of such aggregates, there are 3 main types:

• stoves open type;
• closed (drip) type;
• supercharged devices.

The main thing now is for the reader to figure out which design features each of these species has, and what advantages and disadvantages they have. Let's analyze each of them in detail.

Open-type stove-stove: its features and disadvantages

We talked about the simplicity of a stove-potbelly stove on oil-working off. The cost will also be quite low. Another advantage can be called autonomy - its operation does not depend on the presence or absence of electricity. But ... this is probably where the advantages of this type end. But there are much more negative qualities. Among them:

1. At the slightest deterioration in the draft in the chimney, the stove will begin to smoke inside the room, and the flame will fade out.
2. Any liquid trapped in the oil will cause the burning fuel to splash out through the openings of the afterburner. The result is predictable. For this reason, the mining should be prepared before pouring it into the container, filtering out water or other liquids.
3. Low efficiency at high fuel consumption.
4. The casing of the unit is difficult to clean from soot.

However, some flaws can be removed with some design tweaks.

Closed drip furnaces and their features

This species has cardinal design differences from the previous one. The perforated afterburner is not located outside, but inside the tank. It can be a container welded from a pipe, iron sheets, or even a gas cylinder. This provides a higher fire safety... A bowl is placed under the afterburner, on the bottom of which drops of oil fall. This provides a low consumption of mining and an increase in the efficiency.

The downside of this design is the complexity of its assembly. The fact is that it is unlikely that it will be possible to assemble such a unit according to someone else's drawings, observing ideal proportions. In any case, some modifications will be needed during operation.

The furnace for working off with a pressurization: the nuances of manufacturing

The principle of operation of a self-pressurized waste oil furnace is not much different from the previous version. A special feature is that a fan is included in the design, providing forced feed air. Also, the circuit is mounted check valve, which excludes the ingress of combustion products into the room in the event of a fan shutdown.

Good to know! Such a unit is characterized by lower fuel consumption with greater heat transfer. The negative quality of the heater for mining with forced ventilation is its energy dependence. When the fan is turned off, the draft drops sharply.

Waste oil heaters manufacturing materials

The main material for making a furnace in a mining garage is metal, although some argue that it is convenient to use an asbestos-cement pipe as a perforated afterburner. However, practice shows that such material is short-lived, which means that its use is unprofitable.

The most common option can be called an oil stove for mining, made from a gas cylinder, but it cannot be said that the structure of pipes is complex. of various diameters... The main task here is to correctly calculate the pipe cross-sections for both the tank, the perforated afterburner, and for the blower. With any discrepancy, the unit will be unstable. That is why experienced home craftsmen say that such a waste oil heater will have to be redone several times, bringing it to perfection, even if it is made according to clear drawings.

Expert opinion

HVAC design engineer (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) ASP North-West LLC

Ask a specialist

"On correct work such units are influenced not only by a clear calculation of proportions, but also by air humidity, and even the height of the location. This should be taken into account during manufacture. "

Positive and negative qualities of various types of working furnaces

Regardless of the type of stove, they all have both positive and negative qualities... Let's consider them in more detail.

The advantages of such devices include:

• good heating of closed spaces, which include garages, greenhouses, household buildings;
• non-volatility (in the case of installation of a naturally aspirated furnace);
• simple operation;
• small dimensions allowing transportation of the unit;
• cheap fuel;
• the possibility of cooking;
• no open flame.

However, such stoves also have a lot of disadvantages:

• the need to filter used oil;
• the chimney, which requires frequent cleaning, must be at least 4 m;
• hot surfaces are very dangerous;
• specific smell of used oil;
• the inability to extinguish the flame, up to the complete burnout of the fuel;
• fire hazard due to improper operation;
• perceptible hum during operation.

If, in the process of comparing the advantages and disadvantages, the first category is more significant, then such a unit is exactly suitable for a home craftsman.

How to make a stove for testing with your own hands: some tips and step-by-step instructions

As already mentioned, the manufacture of such a unit cannot be called difficult, however, in any, even the simplest work, there are nuances. Now let's try to disassemble the production the simplest stove drip type from a gas cylinder. For this you will need:

• directly the gas cylinder itself;
• pipe with a diameter of 100 mm (2 m);
• corner 5 × 5 cm (about 1 m);
• steel sheet, 4 mm thick (about 50 cm 2);
• car brake disc;
• oil-resistant rubber hose and clamps for it.

Having prepared all the necessary parts, you can start manufacturing.

Making a stove for working out a drip type with your own hands: step by step instructions

For the convenience of the reader, we will issue step-by-step instructions in tabular form.

Illustration	Action being performed
	The first step is to drill a hole in the bottom of the cylinder for the gas residues to escape. To prevent sparks, the drill must be wetted with oil. Drill speed should be as low as possible.
	Now, with the help of a grinder, you can cut holes according to a previously prepared drawing (some of them will be presented below).
	Cut out the bottom with a hole from sheet steel. You should not throw away the cut out middle part - it will be useful to us later.
	This is approximately how the bottom will be located in our stove. Trying it on and pulling it out again - there is still some work to be done with it.
	The next step is to prepare the pipe. We drill holes in it for air supply. This is necessary for the normal operation of the unit.
	This is how the finished bottom is welded with a perforated pipe. Weld seams must be of good quality. If home master no experience with a welding machine, it is better to seek professional help.
	But now the middle cut from the bottom will come in handy. It should be welded to the brake disc from the car.
	The end result is this. Now, having cut a small hole and welded on a piece of pipe, we get a full-fledged coupling.
	Assembly can begin. Pay attention to the nipple on the right. It is through it that the waste oil will enter the stove.
	We mount the faucet outside and attach an oil-resistant rubber hose to it.
	Weld the rest of the pipe on top of the gas cylinder - this will be the chimney outlet.
	It remains only to bring the chimney pipe out of the room.
	Raise the chimney to the required height. Usually it is 4 m. This is enough to provide normal natural traction.

Do-it-yourself stove for working out: drawings, video instructions and some tricks

Having figured out in general terms what the algorithm for performing the work is, let's move on to the drawings and video instructions. Let's start with the same oven from a gas cylinder.

Furnace for working out from a gas cylinder: drawings for manufacturing

Consider the drawings of the furnace for testing with our own hands.

Below you can see the video instructions for making such a unit.

Video and drawings of a waste oil furnace with a water circuit

Heaters with a water circuit are a little more difficult to manufacture, however, and this work is within the power of a home craftsman. We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the drawings of such units.

The video below will help you more fully understand the work algorithm.

Do-it-yourself boiler for working out: drawings and video instructions for manufacturing

Naturally, the water circuit implies the presence of a boiler. It is about him that we will now talk. Below are the drawings of this design.

And, of course, a video tutorial on making a boiler.

As you can see, do-it-yourself burner drawings for testing are simple, which means that if you have time, you can try to assemble such a unit. Moreover, it practically does not require any expenditures.

Rules for the operation and maintenance of waste oil furnaces

In order for the operation of such units to be safe, the editors of the site recommend following some rules:

1. It is strictly forbidden to allow children to ignite.
2. Do not use flammable liquids such as acetone or gasoline for ignition. A burst of vapors can easily cause burns.
3. Do not use mining with water particles. This will lead to a fire.
4. Add working off until the fuel is completely burned out.
5. Use the oven indoors without adequate ventilation.
6. It is forbidden to use the stove if it does not work properly (the unit smokes or its combustion is unstable).

Maintenance of such devices is reduced to periodic cleaning of the combustion chamber from non-combustible residues and cleaning the chimney from soot (at least once a month).

If, for some reason, the home craftsman does not have the opportunity to make such a unit on his own, it can be easily purchased in specialized stores or on Internet resources.

At what price can you buy a working furnace on the Russian market?

Consider at what cost such devices can be purchased. Prices are as of March 2018.

brand, model	Power, kW / h	Fuel consumption, kg / h	Average price (as of March 2018), RUB
	27	4	260 000
	80	7,2	102 000
	11,5	9	680 000
	16−43	1,4−4	70 000
	94	8,7	425 000

As you can see, the cost of factory-made units is quite high. This means that it is more profitable to spend a little time and effort by making such a device with your own hands.

Let's sum up

After reading today's article, someone will say that it is easier to buy a stove using factory-made waste oil. However, the cost of such units is not affordable for everyone. Making with your own hands practically does not require costs, which is a huge plus. Of course, you have to go through trial and error, but in the end such an oven will not only warm up the air in the room. It will also be warm in the soul from the realization that all the work was done independently.

We hope that the information presented today was useful to our dear reader. If you have any questions, we will be happy to answer them in the discussions below. We will also be grateful if you share your experience - this will help novice home craftsmen. And finally, we suggest watching a short but very informative video on the topic, which will help you learn how to properly ignite such units.