What kind of people are celebrities culture surnames. Famous people named Michael

Incredible Facts

Everyone knows that sometimes celebrities need to change their name in order to break into Hollywood and on stage.

If someone already has your first and last name, you need to somehow stand out.

Some change their name to a shorter and more memorable one, others replace their first or last name, and still others come up with a completely new name.

Here are the real names of celebrities you probably didn't know about.

Real names and surnames of celebrities

1. Meghan Markle

Real name: Rachel Meghan Markle

Megan is reportedly her middle name, and her first name is Rachel.

2. Prince Harry

Real name: Henry Charles Albert David

Harry is actually his nickname, as confirmed on his official website.

3. Mila Kunis

Real name: Milena Markovna Kunis

4. Emma Stone

Real name: Emily Jean Stone

The actress decided to shorten her name from Emily J. Stone to Emma Stone, although her family simply calls her Em.

5. Brad Pitt

Real name: William Bradley Pitt

6. Ashton Kutcher

Real name: Christopher Ashton Kutcher

7. Kit Harington

Real name: Christopher Catesby Harrington

Interestingly, Keith did not know his real name until he was 11 years old. He was named Christopher after the English playwright Christopher Marlowe, whose name is shortened to Keith.

8. Elton John

Real name: Reginald Kenneth Dwight

It is known that Elton John chose his stage name by combining the names of saxophonist Elton Dean and Long John Baldry.

9. Katy Perry

Real name: Katherine Elizabeth Hudson

Katie changed her last name to Perry's mother's maiden name as she didn't want to be confused with actress Kate Hudson.

What are the names of celebrities

10 Reese Witherspoon

Real name: Laura Jean Reese Witherspoon

11. Singer Lord

Real name: Ella Maria Lani Yelich-O'Connor

When asked why she chose this pseudonym, the singer replied that her name is too boring, and it will be difficult for fans to shout it out at the festival.

Real name: Destiny Hope Cyrus

Miley is a nickname given to her by her father as a child, as she was a smiling child.

13. Natalie Portman

Real name: Neta-Lee Hershlag

14. Jennifer Aniston

Real name: Jennifer Lynn Anastasskis

15. Lady Gaga

Real name: Stephanie Joanne Angelina Germanotta

16. Adele

Real name: Adele Laurie Blue Adkins

17. Gigi Hadid

Real name: Jelena Hadid

The modern supermodel has been named Jelena since birth, but in primary school she was often confused with another girl with the same name. Therefore, my mother decided to call her Gigi, and this nickname has remained.

18. Nicki Minaj

Real name: Onika Tanya Marage

The surname Maraj is of Indian origin, while the given name Onika is African.

19. Rihanna

Real name: Robin Rihanna Fenty

20. Lana Del Rey

Real name: Elizabeth Woolridge Grant

Prince Vladimir Svyatoslavovich (c. 952-1015) - Baptist Ancient Russia

The Russian prince Svyatoslav, who ruled in Kiev, had three sons - Yaropolk, Oleg and Vladimir. Immediately after the death of Svyatoslav, the brothers went to war with each other, each wanted to rule in Kiev, to become an autocratic prince. Vladimir showed great foresight in this struggle and turned out to be the winner. He converted to Christianity, baptized Russia and in every possible way contributed to the education of ordinary people.

Prince Ivan III Vasilyevich (1440-1505) - Unifier of Russian lands

The Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily II, nicknamed the Dark One, attracted his son Ivan to manage the affairs of the state during his lifetime. Thus, he confirmed his legal rights to the throne. All business papers were signed by both of them. Ivan entered into full rights after the death of his father, when he was 22 years old. Ivan III began to unite the Russian lands around Moscow, turning it into the capital of the all-Russian state. Under him, the Moscow principality got rid of the Mongol-Tatar yoke. He knew how to carefully listen to the advice of his boyars. In adulthood, Prince Ivan 3 did not like to take part in military campaigns, believing that commanders should fight, and the sovereign should decide important matters at home. For 43 years of his reign, the Moscow principality freed itself from the power of the Horde khans, significantly expanded and strengthened. Under him, the code of laws "Sudebnik" was adopted, a local system of land tenure appeared.

Peter I (1672-1725) - "What I want, it must be"

Peter 1 was truly great. Everything was great with Peter - growth, army, battles, territories, plans. He sought not only to expand the borders of the Russian state, but also to make life in it similar to what he saw in Europe. He learned a lot himself and taught others. However, in his desire to quickly introduce new orders, he often went to extremes, massacres in his time were not uncommon. He was in a hurry in everything, as if he felt that fate did not let him go very well. long term life.

Catherine II (1729-1796) - Enlightened Monarchine

On June 28, 1762, a bloodless palace coup took place in St. Petersburg. Emperor's wife Peter III Ekaterina Alekseevna, with the help of the guards, removed her husband from power and declared herself an autocratic empress. Once on the Russian throne, Catherine II tried to win the loyalty and love of her subjects. She has done many economic transformation, in every possible way contributed to the development of trade, torture and executions were abolished in Russia, and elected courts appeared. The period of her reign was called the "golden age", and the empress herself was called the Great.

Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin (1799-1837) - The sun of Russian poetry

Time inexorably moves us away from Pushkin, the poet, playwright, prose writer, but his creative genius becomes more and more distinct from this. His poems, poems and stories showed different aspects of Russian reality, secular life and peasant life, they reflected the restless soul of the poet, deep feelings and experiences. His poetry and prose were enthusiastically received by readers of the 19th century. It was then that the halo of his greatness was created, he began to be considered the ancestor of Russian literature, the creator of modern literary language. It is no coincidence that the time in which he lived is called the “Pushkin era”.

Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov (1810-1881) - Surgeon from God

Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov worked for hours in the anatomical theater, cutting soft tissues, examining diseased organs, sawing bones, looking for replacements for damaged joints. Anatomy became a practical school for him, which laid the foundation for his further successful surgical activity. Pirogov was the first to come up with the idea of ​​plastic surgery, used anesthesia in military field surgery, and for the first time applied a plaster cast in field conditions, suggested the existence of pathogens that cause suppuration of wounds. His works, various medical atlases put forward Russian surgery to one of the first places in the world.

Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky (1821- 1881) - Defender of the poor

Despite the wide popularity of Fyodor Dostoevsky in Russia, worldwide recognition and interest in his work came after his death. Everyone noted his deep psychologism, passion in depicting "humiliated and offended". The German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche wrote that Dostoevsky was the only psychologist from whom he learned anything. The works of Fyodor Mikhailovich had a noticeable influence on writers: the Austrian Stefan Zweig, the Frenchman Marcel Proust, the Englishman Oscar Wilde, the Germans Thomas and Heinrich Mann.

Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1828-1910) - Preacher of morality

The famous Russian theater director and creator of the acting system, Konstantin Stanislavsky, wrote in his book “My Life in Art” that in the difficult years of the first revolutions, when despair gripped people, many recalled that at the same time Leo Tolstoy lived with them. And it became easier on the soul. He was the conscience of mankind. V late XIX and at the beginning of the 20th century Tolstoy became the spokesman for the thoughts and hopes of millions of people. He was a moral support for many. It was read and listened to not only by Russia, but also by Europe, America and Asia.

Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907) - Legislator in chemistry

Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev was a versatile scientist: in the laboratory he studied new properties of materials, at plants and factories he analyzed the results of their use, for desk summarized the information carefully. Every year he traveled to different regions of the country, traveled abroad. The Periodic System he created chemical elements- a brilliant discovery - established the dependence of various properties of elements on charge atomic nucleus and has been accepted all over the world. Meeting it scientific works is 25 volumes.

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) - Composer for all time

Foreign piano music performers, violinists, cellists and vocalists are well aware of the International musical competition named after P. I. Tchaikovsky, which is held in Moscow every 4 years. The symphonic works of the Russian composer have long been heard in the concert halls of many leading capitals of the world, his operas and ballets are in the repertoire of the world's outstanding opera houses. Tchaikovsky left behind a huge musical legacy that has become part of the global culture.

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (1849-1936) - Teacher of the theory of reflexes

Awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for 1904, the creator of the science of higher nervous activity, the Russian scientist Ivan Pavlov was recognized as the foreman of physiologists around the world.

Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky (1863-1945) - Discoverer of the biosphere

Vladimir Vernadsky entered the history of Russian and world science as an outstanding natural scientist, thinker, and public figure. He studied such special branches of knowledge about the Earth as geology, crystallography, mineralogy, geochemistry, and biology. And he determined the ways of the general evolution of the Earth, introduced the concepts of "biosphere" and "noosphere" - the areas of distribution of life on Earth as a result of evolutionary impact on it by humans. He was the forerunner of a new branch of science - ecology.

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Lenin) (1870-1924) - Practitioner of building communism

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin is the most famous politician of the 20th century. For over 70 years in the Soviet Union, he was considered an unsurpassed genius who set the goal of building communism in Russia. In 1917, Lenin took on the impossible task of making backward agrarian Russia socialist and then communist. He dreamed that the working people would receive everything according to their needs. The idea turned out to be untenable. True, after Lenin, the country gradually switched to an industrial path of development. Communism was not achieved, but at the cost of enormous efforts, including millions of human victims, the USSR approached the leading positions on the world stage.

Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Stalin) (1878 -1953) - The inspirer of all victories

The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), the head of the Soviet government, Joseph Stalin led the country to an industrial path of development, with his name the Soviet people won the Great Patriotic War, he caused mass labor heroism, under him the country became a superpower. But he planted a totalitarian, dictatorial regime in the country, carried out forced collectivization, during his time famine broke out in the country, mass repressions were carried out, the world community was divided into two camps - socialist and capitalist. In history, Stalin remained a double personality: the winner in the war and the tyrant of his own people.

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev (1906-1966) - Chief Designer

Sergei Pavlovich Korolev was an outstanding design engineer who dreamed of conquering space. He made a huge contribution to organizing the production of rocket and space technology and rocket weapons in the Soviet Union. He was the first in the world to launch satellites, scientific stations, spaceships. The news shocked the whole world. He dreamed of exploring the expanses of the Universe with the help of automatic devices and began to prepare a flight to Mars, but he did not manage to carry out his plan.

photo from internet

Michael is one of the seven Holy Archangels and their head. On November 21, believers gather to glorify the Holy Archangel Michael.

Mikhail Yaroslavich of Tverskoy, the first "Grand Duke of All Russia". More about Mikhail Tverskoy.

Mikhail Vasilievich Skopin-Shuisky (1586-1610) - prince, boyar, commander. Member of the suppression of the uprising of Ivan Isaevich Bolotnikov. More about Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky.

Mikhail Fedorovich - Russian Tsar (since 1613), the first Tsar of the Romanov dynasty. More about Mikhail Fedorovich.

Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov (1711 - 1765) - the first Russian natural scientist of world importance. One of the greatest Russian scientists and figures of Russian education of the XVIII century. As a poet, Lomonosov introduced into the emerging literature the classical forms of poetry that dominated the West in the first half of the 18th century. More about Mikhail Lomonosov.

Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov (1745-1813) - Russian commander. More about Mikhail Kutuzov.

Mikhail Bogdanovich Barclay De Tolly (1757-1818) (Michael Andreas) - Russian Field Marshal General. Division and corps commander in the wars with France and Sweden. In 1810-12 Minister of War. V Patriotic war 1812 commander-in-chief of the 1st Army, and in July - August, in fact, all the active Russian armies. In 1813-14 he was the commander-in-chief of the Russian-Prussian army, from 1815 - the 1st army. Read more about Barclay de Tolly.

Mikhail Andreevich Balugyansky (1769-1847) - Russian economist. The first rector of St. Petersburg University (1819-21). Portrait of Mikhail Balugyansky

Mikhail Mikhailovich Speransky (1772-1839) - Russian statesman, count. Since 1808, the closest adviser to Emperor Alexander I, the author of the plan for liberal reforms, the initiator of the creation of the State Council. More about Mikhail Speransky.

Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin (1800-75) - Russian historian, writer, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1841). He published the magazine "Moscow Bulletin", "Moskvityanin". A little more about Mikhail Pogodin.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Ostrogradsky (1801-1862) - Russian mathematician and mechanic, academician of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1830). He formulated the general variational principle for non-conservative systems. Proceedings on mathematical analysis, mathematical physics, analytical and celestial mechanics, hydromechanics, theory of elasticity, ballistics. More about Mikhail Ostrogradsky.

Mikhail Semenovich Kutorga (1809-86), Russian historian of antiquity, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1848). Major works on the history of the archaic and classical periods Ancient Greece. Portrait of Mikhail Kutorg.

Mikhail Yurievich Lermontov (1814–1841) Russian poet. More about Mikhail Lermontov.

Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov-Shchedrin (literary pseudonym N. Shchedrin) is a great Russian satirist writer. More about Mikhail Saltykov.

Mikhail Aleksandrovich Vrubel (1856–1910) was a Russian artist.

Mikhail Osipovich Dolivo-Dobrovolsky - Russian electrical engineer, creator of three-phase current technology. Biography of Dolivo-Dobrovolsky.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin is a Russian writer, author of works about nature, who revealed in them a special artistic natural philosophy, hunting stories, and works for children. Of particular value are his diaries, which he kept throughout his life. More about Mikhail Prishvin.

Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov - Russian writerWriter - a person who is engaged in literary work, writes fiction literary works.. Biography of Mikhail Bulgakov.

Mikhail Petrovich Kirponos - (1892-1941), military leader, colonel general (1941), Hero Soviet Union(1940). During the Great Patriotic War he commanded the troops of the Southwestern Front (June - September 1941). Killed in battle. More about Mikhail Kirponos.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Zoshchenko (1894-1958) - Russian writer, satirist and playwright. In the stories of the 1920s, mainly in the form of a tale, he created a comic image of a philistine hero with poor morals and a primitive view of the environment. The Blue Book (1934-35) is a series of satirical short stories about the vices and passions of historical characters and a modern tradesman. Biography of Mikhail Zoshchenko.

Mikhail Ilyich Koshkin - designer of the T-34 medium tank - best tank 2nd World War. Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR (1942) Posthumously. Hero of the Social Labor (1990, posthumously). He died in 1940 while testing a tank. More about Mikhail Koshkin.

Mikhail Ivanovich Zharov (1900-1981) - Russian theater and film actor. People's Artist of the USSR (1949). USSR State Prize (1947), Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). More about Mikhail Zharov.

Mikhail Alexandrovich Sholokhov (1905-84) - Russian writer, prose writer, the most prominent Soviet non-intellectual writer who made the life of the Don Cossacks a subject of close reader interest, academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1939), twice Hero of Socialist Labor. Biography of Mikhail Sholokhov.

Mikhail Efimovich Dryanichkin - battalion commander who liberated the city of Katowice by storm. More about Mikhail Dryanichkin.

Mikhail Andreevich Gluzsky is an actor. More about Mikhail Gluzsky.

Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov - the inventor of the Kalashnikov assault rifle, holder No. 1 of the medal "For Services to the Fatherland". More about Mikhail Kalashnikov.

Mikhail (Moses) Abramovich Schweitzer - Russian film director, People's Artist of the USSR. More about Mikhail Schweitzer.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Zadornov is a modern Russian satirist writer.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Kozakov is an actor. Worked in theaters: them. V. Mayakovsky, on Mal. Bronnaya, Sovremennik. In 1991-1997 he worked at the Tel Aviv Chamber Theater. He starred in the films "Amphibian Man", "Pokrovsky Gates", "Visit of a Lady", etc. More about Mikhail Kozakov.

Mikhail Alexandrovich Ulyanov - People's Artist of the USSR, artistic director of the Theater. Vakhtangov. A little more about Mikhail Ulyanov.

Mikhail Ivanovich Pugovkin (Pugonkin) - actor, People's Artist of the USSR. More about Mikhail Pugovkin.

Mikhail Gorbachev is the first Russian president. More about Mikhail Gorbachev.

Mikhail Zvezdinsky - singer. More about Mikhail Zvezdinsky.

Mikhail Shirvindt is an actor and satirist. More about Mikhail Shirvindt.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Derzhavin - actor of the Moscow Theater of Satire. More about Mikhail Derzhavin.

Mikhail Ivanovich Kononov is a Russian theater and film actor. Honored Artist of Russia. More about Mikhail Kononov.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Baryshnikov is a Russian and American ballet dancer and choreographer. More about Mikhail Baryshnikov

Mikhail Sergeevich Boyarsky - Russian theater and film actor, People's Artist of Russia (1990). More about Mikhail Boyarsky.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseev (1857-1918). General of the tsarist army, who actually led the Russian army in the war of 1914 - 1918. Since the autumn of 1915, when Nicholas II removed from the post of supreme commander led. book. Nikolai Nikolayevich himself took this post, Alekseev became the chief of staff of the commander-in-chief (in fact, the head of all military operations) and retained this position almost permanently after the February Revolution, until the Kornilov rebellion, after which he left this post. He had a negative attitude towards the February Revolution, tried in every possible way to protect the soldiers from "agitators" and restore the old power of the officers. After the February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917, after the Kornilov rebellion in August 1917, Mikhail Alekseev was the supreme commander in chief for a short time, then he was the chief of staff of the supreme commander Kerensky. Under his leadership, a "volunteer army" began to form on the Don at the end of 1918, which later came under the command of Denikin.

Mikhail Petrovich Artsybashev (1878-?) is a writer, one of the most typical representatives of the ideological and literary movement that emerged in Russia after the defeat of the 1905 revolution. life, the cult of erotic pleasures. Artsybashev's works, especially his novel "Sanin", enjoyed great success in intellectual circles and gave rise to corresponding moods among young people and in literature, known under the name of "Artsybashevism" or "Saninism".

Mikhail Dmitrievich Bonch-Bruevich (1870-1956). Major military specialist. After graduating first from the Konstantinovsky Land Survey Institute, he entered the Academy of the General Staff, from which he graduated in 1898. Before the war of 1914, he served as an officer, as well as a teacher of military sciences in various military educational institutions. During the war, he was appointed quartermaster general of the army, Gen. Ruzsky and led the Lvov operation and the operation under Rava Russkaya. In the Kornilov days, Mikhail Bonch-Bruevich was appointed commander-in-chief of the armies of the Northern Front. After the October Revolution, he served as Chief of Staff of the Commander-in-Chief. In March 1918 he entered the Supreme Military Council as a military leader. From June to August 1919 he served as chief of staff of the Revolutionary Military Council.

Mikhail Osipovich Gershenzon (1869 - 1924) - literary historian, author of a number of studies on the history of Russian literature and public life the first half of the 19th century, which have great scientific and artistic value. His main works: "P. Ya. Chaadaev", "Images of the Past", "Griboedov's Moscow", "Pushkin's Wisdom". In his philosophical convictions, Mikhail Gershenzon joined the "neo-Slavophilism" of Struve, Bulgakov and Berdyaev and was one of the participants in the collection "Milestones". After the October Revolution, he was a full member of the Academy of Artistic Sciences and was in charge of the section of Russian literature there.

Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin (1875-1946). Party member since 1898. Member of the St. Petersburg Union of Struggle for the Emancipation of the Working Class. Iskra agent. In 1912, he was a member of the Russian Bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP. Since 1919 - Chairman of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, since 1922 - the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Since 1938 - Mikhail Kalinin Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Since 1919 - a member of the Central Committee, since 1926 - a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the party.

Mikhail Kiselevich - one of the active workers of the St. Petersburg Soviet of Workers' Deputies in 1905, a delegate of the Printing Union, a typesetter by profession. In the case of the Soviet of Workers' Deputies, he was sentenced to exile in a settlement in Siberia.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Lashevich (1884-1928). Member of the RSDLP since 1901. Participant in the revolution of 1905-1907. After the February Revolution - Chairman of the Bolshevik faction of the Petrograd Soviet. During the October Revolution - a member of the Petrograd Military Revolutionary Committee, a member of the Presidium of the Petrograd Soviet and the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Since 1918 - on leadership work in the Red Army. In 1922-1925. - Mikhail Lashevich Chairman of Sibrevkom. Since 1925 - Deputy People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, Deputy Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. In 1918-1919. and since 1923 - a member of the Central Committee. in 1925-1927 - candidate member of the Central Committee of the party. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR.

Mikhail Artemyevich Muravyov (1880-1918). Imperial army officer, lieutenant colonel. During the October Revolution, he offered his services Soviet government and was appointed chief of defense of Petrograd, then commanded the troops participating in the liquidation of the Kerensky-Krasnov rebellion. At the beginning of 1918 he commanded the troops operating against the Ukrainian Central Rada and General Kaledin. During the Czechoslovak uprising, he was appointed commander of the Eastern Front. In connection with the Left Social Revolutionary uprising on July 6-8, by order of the Central Committee of the Socialist-Revolutionaries, Mikhail Muravyov opened the Czechoslovak front on July 12, giving the order, under the pretext of an allegedly German offensive, to withdraw troops from the front and send them to Moscow. Not meeting support among the troops, he shot himself. (When arrested, he resisted and was killed.).

Mikhail Petrovich Pogodin (1800 - 1875) - historian, archaeologist and journalist, publisher of "Moskvityanin", an organ of the right wing of Russian Slavophiles. Repeatedly ridiculed in Dobrolyubov's "Whistle", he first put into circulation the term "whistle dance" to refer to the literary manner of that time.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Pokrovsky (1868-1932). Author of the famous four-volume work "Russian History". Pokrovsky is one of the old Bolsheviks, a participant in the revolution of 1905. In 1909 he joined the Bogdanov group, but soon left this group. During the war, Pokrovsky was an employee of the Parisian internationalist newspaper Nashe Slovo. In 1917, a deputy of the Moscow City Council. From November 1917 to June 1918, Mikhail Pokrovsky was the chairman of the Moscow Council, the Council of People's Commissars of Moscow and the Moscow Region. In 1918-1932. - Deputy People's Commissar of Education of the RSFSR. One of the initiators of the creation and head of the Communist Academy. Institute of red professors and other scientific institutions. Author of many scientific works. Member of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR.

Mikhail Alexandrovich Stakhovich (1861-?) - a liberal who slipped to the extreme right in 1905. From 1892 to 1895 he was marshal of the nobility in Yelets, since 1895 he was marshal of the province of Oryol. In that most reactionary period of the autocratic system, Stakhovich was, in the eyes of Sipiagin, Plehve, and the like, a revolutionary. His speech at the missionary convention in 1900 almost led to his demoting from the leaders of the nobility. For participation in the zemstvo congress in 1902, he received the "highest" reprimand. In 1904 he published in No. 2 Prava, 1904, a harsh article about the beating of an innocent Muslim Sart in Orel by the police and gendarmes. No. 2 "Rights" was confiscated because of this article, and the article appeared in No. 44 of the foreign "Liberation". The growing wave of the social movement forced Stakhovich to reveal his real face: the former liberal turned out to be an arch-conservative nobleman in his views. At the provincial zemstvo assemblies, Stakhovich was among those who defended only the deliberative right for the State Duma. At provincial meetings, he spoke out against the equalization of women with men in political rights. Stakhovich was one of the organizers of the Union of October 17th. Chosen in I State Duma from the Oryol province., he took a prominent place in the small right wing of the First Duma. On June 14, 1906, Stakhovich, with Geiden and Lvov, founded the Duma faction of "peaceful renewal", while remaining in the "Union of October 17". With them, on July 10 of the same year, Mikhail Stakhovich issued an appeal from the party of "peaceful renewal", which declared complete submission to the will of the tsar (as opposed to the Vyborg appeal). At the beginning of 1907, Stakhovich was elected from the Oryol province to the II State Duma. After the February Revolution of 1917, he was the Finnish Governor-General under the Provisional Government.

Mikhail Ivanovich Tereshchenko (1886-1956). Russian entrepreneur, sugar producer. He was close to the Progressive Party. In all three coalition governments, he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Before the February Revolution, together with Guchkov and Krymov, he participated in a conspiracy that prepared a palace coup to eliminate Nicholas II while maintaining the monarchy. In 1917 - Minister of Finance, then Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Provisional Government. After the October Revolution of 1917 Mikhail Tereshchenko in exile.

Mikhail Pavlovich Tomsky (Efremov) (1880-1936). Member of the party since 1904. Member of the revolution of 1905-1907, spent ten years in prison and exile, and the October Revolution of 1917. In 1918-1921 and in 1922-1929. - Chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. In 1921 - Chairman of the Turkestan Commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR. In 1929-1930. - Deputy Chairman of the Supreme Economic Council of the USSR. Since 1932 - head of the OGIZ. In 1919-1934. - member of the Central Committee, since 1934 - candidate member of the Central Committee, in 1922-1930. - Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the party. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Central Executive Committee of the USSR. In an atmosphere of mass repression, Mikhail Tomsky committed suicide (after being convicted in the Moscow Trial of 1936).

Mikhail Nikolaevich Tukhachevsky (1893-1937). A graduate of the Alexander Military School (1914), joined the prestigious Semenov Guards Regiment and rose to the rank of lieutenant during the First World War, ended up in German captivity, returned to Russia after the revolution and joined the Red Army in 1918. Party member since 1918. During the Civil War, he commanded a number of armies in the battles in the Volga region, the South, the Urals, Siberia, the troops of the Caucasian and Western fronts. In 1925-1928 - Chief of Staff of the Red Army. Since 1931 - Deputy People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs and Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. Since 1934 - Deputy, since 1936 - First Deputy People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR. Since 1934 - a candidate member of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Mikhail Tukhachevsky was repressed, executed in June 1937; posthumously rehabilitated.

Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze (1885-1925). Party member since 1904. Member of the October Revolution of 1917 in Ivanovo-Voznesensk and Moscow. During the civil war - the commander of the Southern Group of Forces of the Eastern Front and the Eastern Front during the defeat of Kolchak's army. In 1919-1920. - Commander of the Turkestan Front, in 1920 - the Southern Front during the defeat of Wrangel's troops. In 1924-1925. - Deputy Chairman and Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR, Deputy People's Commissar and People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, at the same time - Chief of Staff of the Red Army, member of the STO. Since 1921 - a member of the Central Committee, since 1924 - a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b). Member of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR. Mikhail Frunze died in November 1925 during an operation - the doctors feared that his heart would not withstand the effect of chloroform (based on this case, Boris Pilnyak's book "The History of the Unextinguished Moon" was written).

Mikhail Ilyich Romm (1901-71) - Russian film director, People's Artist of the USSR. Films: "Thirteen", "Lenin in October" "Ordinary Fascism" (1966). More about Mikhail Romm