Indoor plants violet care homemade. Homemade violet (SENPOLIA). Photos of different indoor violets

The violet or Senpolya is a genus relating to the heesnery family. In a wild form grows in the mountainous areas of East Africa. She was discovered by the Saint-Field scientist, in honor of whom was named. To date, many varieties are derived from this plant, which are widespread in room gardening.

General

The violet is a low perennial, with a very short stem and plenty of fleshy leaves. Flowers are small, simple, collected in the brush. Modern selection was able to withdraw varieties with the most diverse color and shape of the petals.

In fact, indoor sensipolia is not a violet at all, it is called it because of the similarity with the forest violet and tricolor - pansy eyes, in fact they are from different families.

Senpolya classification is quite complicated, so we will give only general characteristics. The features that are separated by violets are: the type of socket, its size, foliage color, flower type and its painting, as well as the number of petals.

Most modern varieties differ greatly from the usual indoor violet, they have a different form of leaves, and the petals are similar to corrugated or terry.

Among the varieties with high decorativeness are popular duchess , amadeus , frosty cherry , sleep Cinderella , iceedora , angelica , leanique other.

But also is a representative of violet actually, and not Satpolia. BUT alpine Filieca This is actually cyclamen.

Value care at home

Correct care for violet will help enjoy her bloom for almost the entire year.

SENPOLIA is very loved by light, but they cannot be put under direct sunlight. It's not scary if the light falls on them in the morning or in the evening, but if the sun turns to them at noon, then the leaves will be melted.

To the violet fully bloom, she needs a light day about 13 hours. Under this rule, you can achieve flowering even in winter.

When the column falls on the thermometer below 15 ° C, SENPOLIA stops growing. Summer better flower temperature will be 24 ° C. In winter, the temperature can drop a little, but not lower than the specified point.

Also cannot be allowed sharp temperature surges and drafts. Because of this feature, SENPOLY is better not to endure in the summer.

The violet needs high humidity, but it is impossible to get water on foliage and inflorescences.

Tank for landing should be chosen small. If there is too much space in the pot, the violet will not bloom until it fills it with roots. For this plant, small plastic pots will be suitable, the size of which should be 2-3 times less socket.

Soil for viok

Ordinary indoor violets are not particularly whimsical to the soil, but for varieties should be selected the correct substrate. It can be bought in the store, but you can make yourself, mixing the floor of the share derdy land, Two shares of sheet, and by one humoring and sand. You should also add a spoon of superphosphate and a bit of bone flour.

But the most important thing is that the soil is loose and weakly acid. At the bottom of the pot, the drainage layer should be placed.

Watering violets

When landing, the flower is placed in the center of the tank and gradually fill it with the earth, so that no emptiness remains. After landing, Pour the plant.

Watering violets need not often, about once every 7-10 days. It is best to use lower watering. In this case, use the stunned, warm water.

The violets can be, and when the leaves are contaminated and need to spray and wash. But before conducting these procedures, the flower must be removed from the windowsill. After spraying or soul, it also should not be in a hurry to put a violet in place - wait until it is dry, otherwise spots are formed on the foliage.

Fertilizer for violets

Also, SENPOLIA must be fertilized. For this take complex feeders that begin to bring in the period of extension of green mass. The fertilizer continues to the onset of the rest period, the frequency is once every 10 days along with watering.

It is advised to use a smaller concentration of fertilizers than what is stated in the instructions.

Palok Change at home

Indoor violets need annual transplants, because for the year they deplete the soil. When it is necessary to replace the pot, only if you observe the signs that the flower lacks the place (a mump of foliage, weak flowering).

It is best to transplant plants at the beginning of spring by transshipment, so that the roots did not suffer particularly.

Pipher Pihalok.

The violets are not bad, but to increase decorativeness they need to be quenched. In particular, it concerns the lower leaves. They can be chopped with sweets, as they fade quickly and only take power from a flower. Also get rid of sluggish inflorescences and ugly and yellowed foliage.

Sometimes turn the plant in a circle so that the bush rose is evenly.

Gradually, after removing the lower leaves, it will be a prominent trunk of SENPOLIA and over time it will be only noticeable. So that the flower remains beautiful, as before, it can be transplanting it, deepening the trunk in the soil or cut off all the leaves, leaving only a couple of stem centimeters.

After that, the stump remained after trimming, put into the water before the formation of the root and fell into the soil, thus one plant turns out.

Reproduction of violet division

Seeds can be propagated by seeds, sockets and sheet. The seed method is practically not used because of its complexity, as well as due to the fact that as a result, the flower will lose the varietal signs and you will get a conventional violet.

If your plant has grown greatly and new outlets began to form on it, then they need to be separated and planted into other capacity. You can perform division even during flowering.

Violets reproduction sheet

The most common I. easy way is the cultivation of violet from the sheet. To do this, take a strong leaf along with a cushion and put in water, to form roots. But you can try to immediately plant a sheet into a sand substrate, sheet land and peat (4: 2: 1). Such a container is covered with glass and kept warm and good lightingBut so that the straight rays do not fall to the container.

Sometimes the soil should be watered, but only that they are a slightly wet. It happens that the sheet begins to wither or does not change at all. If this happens, you do not need to rush and throw out the material - sometimes for the formation of a new plant is required for a long time.

If with the advent of young foliage, the old sheet is in good condition, then it needs to be cut off. After that, you can even try to use it for reproduction again.

If you root a leaf in the soil, then you cannot observe the formation of the roots, but the speed of their appearance and the chance to get a new violet increases.

Diseases of violek

Ordinary sensipolia is rather resistant to diseases, but the varietal views are not at all so strong in this regard.

• One of the most frequent diseases of the damaging violet is a malievable dew. She is manifested in a white raid on the leaves Plants. When detecting a disease, we advise you to use Fundazole or Bentlan.
• Phytoofluorosis leads to rotting roots and the formation of brown spots on the foliage . If the plant is sick, it needs to be destroyed and sterilized the container in which it was grown.
• Gray rot is forms gray spots on the body of the plant . When this is detected, you should immediately cut them down and performing a fungicide processing. The soil in which sick plants grew to use is no longer possible.
• Furazion appears when an excess of moisture. It leads to rotting stem and foliage . If you notice these symptoms, treat the violet fuchicide.
• Rust manifests itself in the form of small orange spots on the leaves . To cure a flower, a 1% solution of copper mood is used.

Possible difficulties

The most frequent questions about indoor violets associated with the lack of flowering, yellowing of foliage and spotting leaves.

• If your violet does not bloom , then, in addition to pests, this may have a number of reasons: lack of light, short light day, over-nitrogen feeding, excessive amount of moisture in the soil or disadvantage in the air. Also, this problem causes a large container for growing and overflowing a substrate.
• The yellowing of the leaves may indicate the aging of the flower . It also occurs when placed under direct sunlight. This may be observed with the deviation of the acidity of the soil from the norm, as well as in the excess of phosphoric feeding.
• Most often spots on the leaves are a consequence of pests and diseases, but sometimes they appear due to drafts.
• Stains from the edges of the sheet Specify the lack of potassium in the soil - it means that the substrate is depleted and the flower is time to transplant.
• Dry spots They are formed if the violet is under the right sunlight.

Mountain beauty SENPOLIA (indoor flowers of violet), better known as the bedroom violet, long ago conquered the hearts of flowerflowers with their color manifold and uniqueness.

SENPOLIA - the genus of grassy sockets, which is known for more than 20 species. Every year, the number is expanding due to the replenishment of new breeding individuals. Uzambar violet, the second name of Saintpolia, a native of mountain places of tropical Africa. However, she quite successfully passed on our apartments, thanks to the competent care of the owners.

SENPOLIA vi-colored

The perennial with a short stem and leaves collected in the semblance of a socket. On long legs - dark-agriculture and pinkish from the bottom of the leaves, wavy along the edges, with a small edge. Flower up to 5 cm in diameter, each separated from each other. They are divided into simple and terry. It studied more than one and a half hundred species of violets, distinguished by the color and the degree of terrorism of the flower.

At home the most popular for breeding is the following types of violets:

Amaranth - Traditional violet with simple purple flowers.

Blue Sky - terry large flowers of the sky blue shade.

Double Pink Giant - terry pink flowers.

La Fam - Large terry flowers brightly pink Coloring.
White Lady - violet with simple white flowers.
Natalie - terry, wavy on the edges of the petals.

With proper cultivation and care, SENPOLIA is able to bloom a year to 9 times. Traditionally flowering lasts 2 months.

Basic principles of care

Maintaining constancy conditions - a guarantee of a healthy plant. For violets, the most favorable is the northern or western side of the apartments.

Great grows with artificial lighting.

Temperature varies at 22 degrees. It is impossible to allow sharp temperature surges. Drafts do not like.

When watering, water is added to the pallet pot. It is not allowed to enter the leaves of the plant. The soil must be constantly wet. However, perelitsa benefit will not go. Water over 4 days.

Spray violets can not be sprayed because there are burn-like wounds on the leaves. In this case, the humidity in the room should be quite high. To do this, spray water in the meter from the plant, and to put a glass with water next to the floral container.

Very carefully come to the question of feeding. They are required only when the dishes are scrupted. The abuse of fertilizer is fraught with the appearance on the leaves of water spots. With this symptom, feeding should be urgently stopped.

Senpolya can be reluctant once every two years. With a more frequent transplant, foliage will actively grow, drowning bloom.

We define at home

The violet multiplies the upper stems and leaf cuttings. Tinging the leaflets, rooting it in boiled water Before the appearance of the first roots. Next, rooting the plant into a special soil from chopped sphagnum, river sand and pouched charcoal in proportions 5: 3: 1. When child leaves begin to appear, the violet is transplanted into a special soil sold in stores. Using drainage must, but from brick crumbs it is better to refuse. Some flower products are recommended to cover ground ground. But this is as far as possible.

The violet is a symbol of tenderness and fragility. She is waiting for the same care from his master.

Video: indoor flowers violets care and reproduction

Room violet (lat. Saintpaulia), or uzambarskaya violet - Rod grassy flowering plants Gesnery family, widespread in bedroom flowering. In nature, the Flower The violet is growing in the mountainous regions of East Africa - in Tanzania and Kenya, most often choosing places on the terraces of rivers and near the waterfalls. There are more than 20 types of violets Uzambar. Opened this amazing flower in 1892 Baron Adalbert Walter Radcliffe Le Tane von Saint-Paul, a military commandant of the Uzambar district, which at that time was part of the German colony. There was a district on the territory of modern Burundi, Rwanda and Tanzania. Saint-Paul sent the seeds of violet to his father Ulrich Saint-Field, to the President of the German Dendrological Society, and he gave them to Botany vendland, who in 1893 raised a flower from seeds and described him as a sepolya fillement, highlighting in a separate genus. In the same year, SENPOLIA was presented at the exhibition of colors in Ghent, where the right to its industrial breeding was sold. In 1927, SENPOLIA fell into North America and immediately won on this mainland, unprecedented popularity - by 1949 more than 100 varieties of room violet were known. Today, the plant violet has 32 thousand with excess varieties, which are hybrids of sepolya phyalcocellane and sensipolia erroneous.

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Landing and care for violets (brief)

• Bloom: nearly round year.
• Lighting: Bright diffused light (north, northeast, northwestern window sills). Senpolyma's light day should last 13-14 hours.
• Temperature: During the growing season - 18-24 ˚C, in winter - not lower than 15 ˚C.
• Watering: Regular - 2 times a week, 1 time per one and a half weeks it is desirable to apply the method of lower irrigation.
• Air humidity: Normal for residential premises.
• Feeding: In the period of active vegetation, 1 time in 10 days by mineral fertilizer for blooming indoor plantsBy adding it to the water for the bottom irrigation. The fertilizer dosage must be twice as weaker than indicated in the instructions.
• People's period: It is not pronounced, but sometimes in the winter you need to give sensipolis to relax.
• Transfer: You need to change the substrate in the pot annually, but the pot is changed to more only as needed.
• Reproduction: Babies, leaf cuttings and seeds.
• Pests: Cellite ticks, shields and spoors, tribes, trips, nematodes, worms, whiteflies, wets, flies and mosquitoes.
• Diseases: Fusariosis, malievable dew, rust, gray rot and phytoofluorosis.

Read more about the cultivation of violets Read below

Flowers violets - Description

Homemade Violet - Lowest Evergreen Perennia herbate plant With shortened stems and a root rosette of rounded leathery leaf leaves, green on the so-called boys (boys) plants and with a bright spot at the base on Senpolya-girls (Girls). At the leaves of homemade violets, an unequal heart-shaped base and a pointed or rounded top. Flowers in SENPOLIA, diameter from 2 to 4 cm, simple, five-pack, or terry, carbon, star or corrugated, are collected in the brush. Coloring flowers can be almost any - one shade or two-color. Pihalok bloom proper care It lasts almost all year round. Senpaly fruit is a box with lots of seeds.

Actually, SENPOLIA is called homemade violet only because her flowers are like a ladies or garden violet flowers, actually Senpolyia refers to a completely different family and is not a relative of such a well-known garden plantlike violet tricolor, or pansies. The violets on the windowsill are Saintpolia, African flowers, who managed to conquer the whole world in a short period of time. We will tell you how to plant a violet, how to care for homemade violet and we describe you the most popular violet varieties in the culture.

Care for violet at home

Care for homemade violet

How to care for domestic violets so that they bloom as long as possible? Indoor violets love light, but afraid of direct sun rayTherefore, the best place for them is the northern, northeast or northwest windowsill illuminated by scattered light. You can keep them and on the southern window, to the middle of the curtained cloth - it does not matter if the lap the cost of the setting sun falls on the violet, but from the midday burning rays, gentle leaves and sensipoly flowers should be protected. Light day for homemade violet should last 13-14 hours, and if you can easily organize additional lighting for it, it will be without tired of blossoming even in the February cold.

How to grow a violet in the conditions of the city apartment and what temperature mode Is it optimal for her? Flowers violets cease to develop when the temperature drops below 15 ºC, so it is necessary to maintain a moderately warm temperature in the summer and moderately cool in winter. Optimal temperature For SENPOLIA 18-24 ºC. The drafts and sharp drops of temperatures affect them - that's why indoor violets do not like to spend the summer on fresh air. It matters for SENPOLIA and air humidity - it must be elevated, but the water should not fall on the flowers or the leaves of the plant in the light.

Pots for violets

The pot for SENPOLIA should be small, since the root of violets does not occupy a lot of space, and the plant begins to bloom only when the roots shall be asleep all the inner space pot. Young sensipolines need a pot of 5-6 cm in diameter, and for an adult violet it is enough to have a pot of 7-9 cm. And only very large plants need a container with a diameter of 11-13 cm. The calculation for selection of the dishes is simple: the diameter of the container must be three times less Diameter of rosette leaves. And notice that room violet expensive clay pots prefers plastic.

Soil for viok

Care for homemade violet provides for the choice for her soil of a certain composition. In stores for sale soil mixture For SENPOLIY, however, experience shows that it is suitable not all violets. But the universal floral soil like "Terra-Vita" violets fit. It is possible to make a substrate independently of the delicate and leaf land, sand and humus in the proportion of 0.5: 2: 1: 1. In the bucket of the finished mixture, you can make a tablespoon of superphosphate and a half-table of bone flour and mix everything thoroughly. The main requirements for the soil for SENPOLY: it should be loose, quickly absorb water and skip air well. But before filling the pot of the substrate, put a layer of drainage from the ceramisit, vermiculite, pieces of foam or moss-sfagnum in a third of a third pot - the drainage will protect your violet from stagnation of water in the roots from which it can die. Drainage can be put a piece of wood coal.

Landing viok

When the tank for violet is filled with drainage, you can start planting SENPOLIA. Pour on the drainage layer of the substrate, place the plant in the center of the pot and gradually sleep the substrate from different sides to the plant, slightly shook the pot to fill all empties with soil. When a pot will remain unfilled 2 cm to the edge, slightly press the substrate surface and pour the violet.

Watering violets

Violets at home require regular irrigation. How to water the violet? It is best to humidify the soil in a pot to use the way of the lower irrigation. Once a week and a half pour into a deep bowl of warm outstanding water in a deep bowl and immerse the pot into her with violet so that the water almost reached the edge of the pot, but did not shimmer into it. Through time when upper layer The soil of violets will be blic from moisture, get a pot from the bowl and give a track of excess water. Fresh or upper irrigation can lead to reinforcement of the roots of the plant. It is necessary to moisturize the violet only when an earthen one is almost all dry. If you have a violet with leaves on long stiffs, post behind her: as soon as she lowered the leaves, it means it was time to water all violets.

Fertilizer viok

Care for violet at home requires putting into a soil fertilizer. They begin to fertilize violets at the beginning of the growing season, and continue to make feeding times once a week and a half until the violet will enter during the rest. Liquid complexes for flowering indoor plants are used as fertilizer. The best way - add fertilizer to water for the bottom irrigation, especially since the frequency of moisturizing the soil coincides with the periodicity of making feeding. However, note that the fertilizer concentration must be twice lower than indicated in the instructions.

Transplanting viok

The cultivation of violets requires an annual substrate replacement in a pot, and here the pot itself can not be changed. If the plant requires a larger pot, you will define this by the fact that the leaves of violets became smaller and pale, and the flowering became scarce. In this case, you need to transplant sepolya into a pot of 2 cm with a diameter. How to transplant violet to hurt her as less concern? It is easier to transfers the violet in March. Try to carefully transfer it from one pot into another, without violating an earthen coma. Root neck plants should be 2-3 cm below the edge of the pot. After transshipment of SENPOLIA to a new pot on a drainage layer, evenly fill in the fresh substrate gaps between the earth and the walls and the walls, shook out the pot so that the soil filled the entire space. After transplanting, do not forget to pour a violet well.

Trimming violets and formation of a nose of violets

Castic violet should have three tiers of leaves. The leaves, located below, can be turned off, without leaving the cuffs, especially if they are faded and lifeless. Delete the faded flowers and deformed or yellowed leaves in a timely manner, so that the bush looked neat. From time to time, turn the pot with a violence around the axis so that the leaves in the outlet are evenly located. Over time, due to the fact that you removed the lower leaves, the violet is exposed at the violet. The older the plant, the higher the stem, and this does not add decorative plant. There are two ways to correct the situation: to transplant the violet, blocking the troller into the ground, or cut off the entire outlet, leaving the part of the trigger with a height of up to 2 cm under it, put a bush with a glass into a glass with water, wait for the formation of roots on it and plant a latch into the ground.

Hygiene viok

Caring for violets is also in compliance with hygiene. In the natural conditions of African mountains, where violets wipes rain and dries wind, they feel great and sometimes grow up to 30 cm in height. Therefore, you can wash the readers if you can wash the violets and why the violets cannot be sprayed, we answer that it is possible to wash, and spray violets can be. When the leaves of the plants get dust, take them into the bath, turn on the shower and wash the dust from the leaves weak pressure Warm water. However, do not rush to return violets on the windowsill, leave them in the bathroom until it stands excess water And the leaves will not dry, otherwise they will appear on the bright light.

Room Wine - reproduction

How to propagate Phials

Patient breeding children

Sometimes one bush of Saintpolia can form a few sockets - kids. When the children of violets will grow up, it becomes closely in one pot with a maternal plant, and the violet begins to chill. Remove the violet from the pot, carefully divide the roots of all sockets and pick up the babes on a separate pot. Healthy plants are well transferring a transplant even in a blooming state.

Reproduction of violet sheet

The easiest is grown by a violet from the sheet. Separate healthy, beautiful leaf From the second tier of the socket and put it with a cut in the water so that it can be rooted. The length of the petorant should be about 4 cm, and in miniature and semi-minimular violets - at least one and a half centimeters. Many prefer to immediately plant a sheet into a container with drainage holes, a drainage layer and a loose soil consisting of 4 parts of coarse sand, 2 parts of the leaf land and 1 part of the peat. The pot is covered with a transparent cap, then placed in a warm light, protected from direct sunlight. From time to time, the substrate is watered, but do not allow its convergence. A leaflet can sit in the soil for a long time without any changes, but you must show patience. Sometimes the leaf is bored, cares and dies, but do not hurry to throw it away: the new plant is born under the ground, in the bottom of the cherry, so you just need to wait. When young leaves appear, the parent list will appear if it is in good condition, cut off. It can be immediately rooted again. If several outlets appear from one sheet at once, you need to wait until they grow up, divide and sear them in separate pots. The lack of a process of rooting a sheet in the ground is that you cannot see when the roots appeared, but the time of rooting is significantly reduced, and the likelihood of the appearance of a new plant increases almost up to 100%.

The species violets are rarely affected by pests or diseases, but plants that were created as a result of breeding works, in this respect not so prosperous.

Diseases of violek

Most often, SENPOLIA suffer from Fusariosa, muced dew, rust, gray rot and phytoofluorosis.

Puffy dew Covers leaves, purple chills and blossom blooms. Provokes the development of the disease. Bad lighting, low temperature against the background of high humidity, dusting of leaves, excess in the soil of nitrogen with a lack of potassium and phosphorus. The disease is treated with a solution with a solution of Fundazola or Bentlan. With a strong damage, repeat the spraying after 10 days.

Phytoophluorosis It occurs when penetration into the root system of violets through wounds or cracks of fungal infection, as a result of which the root neck of the plant occurs, and brown spots appear on the leaves. First of all, phytoofluorosis ruins the plants, weakened by poor care. The danger of the disease is that it cannot be cured. The patient plant is destroyed, and the pot is sterilized. To avoid the lesion of the phytoofluoro, it is necessary to put superphosphate into the soil and do not allow too high humidity in the room.

Serious rot, or botritis, You can learn from a fluffy brownish gray ripping mold in ground parts of the plant. The disease is developing rapidly, and as a result, the plant dies. Passing parts need to be immediately removed, and the violet is treated with fungicide. Digitious Plant Throw together with the soil - it is no longer useful for you. In order not to provoke the development of the disease, take care of the violets from drafts, a sharp drop of temperature and rejuvenation of the soil.

Fusariosis or holding the outlet Arises in conditions excess watering, Use to moisturize the soil of cold water, jumps of temperature, growing violets in heavy ground or in too spacious pot. Find out that the plants are fusariosis, it is possible in such symptoms: the leaves of the leaves acquire a brown shade, the leaves are falling, and the roots are darker and easily separated from the soil. At the very first signs of the disease, remove the plants by reloading parts and treat the violet by some fungicide.

Rust It is manifested in the form of yellow-orange tubercles on the upper side of the leaves and rust-brown pads on the bottom. With the development of the disease, the leaves of violet begins to be down. Destroy the plant with a single-survive burgundy liquid or a solution of any other fungicide, as well as dusty violet with sulfur dust.

As prophylaxis from any fungal disease, including from fusariosis, handle the violet once every two months with a solution of Fundazola.

Pest of violek

From the pest, the danger to violet is pincers, shields and spoors, trips, trips, nematodes, chervers, whiteflies, loft, flies and mosquitoes.

Pliers. When infected with ticks on the leaves of violet appear, depressed brown spots appear, as if made by a stupid needle. The latch is striking the red spider, cyclamen and flat mites that feed on the plant juice, from which it weakens and cares. You can save the violet from all types of ticks by treatment with acaricides - akarin, accotlic or phytodeterm, and the two last drugs need to additionally shed an earthen car in a pot. Conduct the procedure in the fresh air - in the yard or on the balcony, since acaricides are toxic for humans. Do not forget to put on gloves, glasses and mask.

Shield and slotchistovka Prefer to settle in outlets with smooth leaves. You can guess their appearance according to sticky drops of discharge. If during the inspection you found at least one adult insect, all the plant is treated with the preparation of the drug.

Tripses Can get into the room along with the poplar oh dust or flowers from the garden. These sucking insects are dangerous in that it is instantly multiplied and capable of occupying neighboring plants. They break the integrity of the stamens, leave silver purses on the flowers, and on damaged leaves brown or black spots. In the fight against tryps, it is necessary to remove all the flowers on the violet and treat the plant by phytodeterm, accuters or act.

Aphid It strikes flowers, buds, violet flowers, sucking the juice of the plant, why the petals of flowers are deformed, and the purple blossoms looks defective. With a strong lesion, a gluten-shaped liquid is formed on the leaves and flowers - the allocation of the Tli, on which a sage mushroom shares, forming a black flare. To get rid of the Tly, 2-3 sessions of the plant treatment with accuters (1 ml of the preparation on 1 liter of water) are carried out.

Mokritsa Appear on the violet if you all the time contain a soil in a potted pot in a wet state, not allowing the earthen one to dry. In appearance, they resemble small turtles that do not exceed 1.5 cm long. The roots of the roots and the leaves of the plant are damaged, which leads to secondary infections. Most effective method Combating Mocrica - processing of violet and soil in a pot of acaricides. The plant is sprayed, and the substrate is spilled with a variety of accuters or phytodeterm.

Mushkush and komariki. Set on a violet in chronic mooring in a pot. They themselves are not harmful, but their larvae destroy the substrate, damage the roots of the plant, contribute to the soil seal, which reduces air access to roots. Most young plants suffer from insects. As a result of the vital activity of these insects, the roots and stems are dropping. Having discovered pests, wear the soil in a pot of carbofos, circle the edge of the container with a carlan pencil from cockroaches, soda the pencil on the grater and sprinkle the surface of the soil in the pot with these chips. Adult individuals can be destroyed by RADE or Dichlofos aerosol. And review the scraper of violet.

Chogstock or pillies Also come on violence from dampness. They are harmless to violet, but when they become too much, they can damage the roots of the plant. Sweep earthen com violet pyrethrum and stop pouring a plant.

Bellenki. - Bright white flies of small size, sitting on the surface of the leaves and leaving sticky feces on them - a favorite medium for sage fungi. Therefore, the surface of the leaves first whites, and then blacks. As a result, the violet has an increase in shoots. Effective measure is the treatment of violets with a mixture of system insecticide and acaricide. In order to get rid of whiteflinkle, you will need at least two sessions.

Violet does not bloom

Beginner flowers sometimes appeal to us complaints that, despite all their efforts, they cannot wait from their blossom violet. So why the violet does not bloom? Let's analyze the reasons for this phenomenon. It is difficult to wait for the blossom violet if:

• she is not enough light;
• she has a luminous day less than 12 hours;
• the substrate is oversaturated with nitrogen fertilizers;
• violated rules of watering plants;
• in the room there is not enough wet air - violet requires humidity at 50%;
• the pot is too heavy and dense soil;
• the plant is too spacious pot;
• the violet is amazed by pests or sick.

Violet yellow

Often worries novice lovers of violets and the fact that the violet yellow leaves. Why does this happen? Sometimes the leaves are yellowing from the natural cause - old age. Such leaves are better to remove with petioles. The second reason is the burnout of the leaves under the bright rays of the sun, drying the soil or overheating of the plant. Moisten the soil in the pot in the lower irrigation method and organize the protection of the plant from the sun at midday time - you can hang on the curtain window, and you can cover the glass with sunscreen film. If there is such an opportunity, place the violet on the windowsill of the North, North-West or northeastern orientation. Be sure to follow the acidity of the soil - the norm for sepolyium 5.5-6.5 pH. And do not get carried away by phosphoric fertilizers to the detriment of nitrogen - nitrogen plants are necessary, including so that the leaves of violet can be green.

If after the wishes of the leaves, the base of the stem has acquired a brown color and became soft, the plant suffers from excess moisture and too low temperatures.

Spots on violets

Types and varieties of violets

The American classification of indoor violets, which enjoys most of the flower water, due to the huge amount of varieties is quite complex, but we will still try to give you an idea of \u200b\u200bwhich varieties and hybrids of Satpolia exist in culture. Varieta violets differ in such signs:

- size socket - MM micromini (outlet diameter up to 6 cm), mini M (diameter from 10 to 15 cm), semiminimi, or MIDI SM (diameter from 15 to 20 cm), standard S (diameter from 20 to 40 cm), large standard L (Diameter from 40 to 60 cm). A separate category is masks trailer, or ampel;

- Type of leaves - oval, rounded, honesty, elongated heart-shaped, elongated-oval on long stiffs, all-string, serrated, wavy along the edge or corrugated. In addition, there are leaves with a spot at the base of the plate - they are called "Gerl", and there are leaves without stains - "Fight". The surface of the leaves can be smooth, stegan, fabulous, weakly or thorough, monophonic or motley;

- Color of leaves It can be from the top of any shade of green, sometimes dark brown or almost black, olive, gray-green, with splashes or veins of white color, light green with pink splashes. The bottom side can be light green, pinkish, almost white, purple with purple stains, dark purple, green with purple spots;

- Type of flower SENPOLIA happens: classic, like pansies, Star-like - with five petals of the same size, a bellol - with one or two rows of petals, wasp - a very rare type with rolled upper lip petals and wide petals of the lower and spider - flowers with elongated petals that seek the hemisphere. Flowers of all types can be simple, semi-grade and terry. The flowers of the bell type are only simple and semi-mar.

In addition to major forms, with the advent of all more Hybrids of violets, distinguish between the varieties with such a shape of the edges of the petals, like corrugated (carbon or lacy), rounded, pointed, ribbon and smooth;

- Coloring of petals The violet may have a monophonic, two-tone, (two shades of one color), two-color or multicolor. Two-color, multicolor and two-ton painting can be fantasy (with points, splashes, peas, rays or spots of another color or tone on petals) and cutters (one or two kayms of different widths one or two colors). Two-color painting can also be finger - on the petals contrasting color stain in the form of a circle or oval. As for the colors directly in which violet flowers can be painted, then there are letter notation For the whole color scheme:

• B (BLUE) - blue or blue;
• C (Multicolor) - multicolored;
• P (Pink, Rose) - bright pink or dark pink;
• O (Orchid, Mauve, Levender) - orchid, lavender, pink-lilap or pale lite;
• R (Red, Mahagon, Plum, Burgundy) - red, red-chestnut, plum, cherry;
• V (Violet, Purple) - purple or purple;
• W (White, Creamy, Blash) - white, cream or barely pink;
• X (Bicolor) - two-color
• Y is white with yellow.

IN lately When describing violets, such unusual colors, like beige, fawn, orange, indigo, salmon, ashes, terracotta, electric and fuchsiev;

- Number of petals - Filati flowers can be simple, or single, with five-six petals, semi-marched - in the center of the flower are formed two additional wrinkled petals-scallop, and terry.

From the huge variety of SENPOLIY, we offer you notable varieties of violets with names and descriptions that you will probably remember. I will not say that these are the best violets from cultural grown in culture, but for sure you can choose among them a flower for your home.

Caprice - White violet with terry flowers with green fringe along the edges of petals. The leaves are motley, wavy.

Macho - Purple violets with a burgundy tint of large semi-world flowers with white border around the wavy edges. Leaves are green, simple, egg-shaped.

Your Majesty - pink violet with denselyah wine flowers with wavy edges of petals and bright green leaves;

Water - Terry blue violet, which becomes pink to the edges of the petals. According to the fringe edges, bright bronze-green kimea. Leaves light green, wavy.

Sea Wolf - Giant, up to 8 cm in diameter, semi-world blue violet with wavy petals decorated with a thin mesh pattern. Leaves of dark green color.

Tomahawk - Bright red violet with a classic type flower. The variety is different abundant blossom. The leaves of this violet are dark green.

Paris secrets - Large terry flowers of dark purulent black coloring with an overflow amethyst red pattern for all petals. Central petals are collected in a dense ball, like an cabbage kochan. On the fringe edges of the petals of white-green rush. Festone leaves, motley - green with white.

Jab - violet with terry dark blue petals wrapped in kochenians. At the edges of the petals twisted brightly salad rushes. Leaves green, wavy.

Max Black Pearl - Velvet black violet with purple chipping and compact semi-minimular foliage.

Unfortunately, not yet bred green violetNor yellow, but breeders already developed varieties with a yellow tint or with a yellow pattern on the leaves - Lemon Kissea, Madget, Warm Sunrise, Sankist Rose. There are also several varieties of SENPOLIY with a novel, which is called green violets - Silverglada Epples, Frozen in Time, Bakkay Irish Lace, Ireish Crim, Spring Rose, Green Lace and others.

Violets on the windowsill destroy personal life

The incredible popularity of SENPOLY was the cause of many superstitions and will adopt with which this flower is associated. They say, for example, that the violet - Mugano, that is, the unmarried woman growing indoor violets, allegedly there is no chance of marrying, and the married lover of Saintpolia has a risk of staying without a husband. But if you think well, it turns out that among your friends there are married womenwhich years grow violets. Yes, and those of your girlfriends who have married not so long ago, you can find a violence-friend on the windowsill. If you search.

Other superstition claims that the indoor violet is an energy vampire and that it is impossible to keep it in his bedroom, because it causes drowsiness and decay of forces. But, if you think about, violets, like any other plants, during the day, with light, we produce oxygen, and at night, on the contrary, it is absorbed and distinguished by carbon dioxide. And from the lack of oxygen you and clone in sleep. Hence the conclusion: no need to arrange a whole greenhouse on the windowsill in the bedroom.

The violets have long been considered an indicator of well-being in the room where they settled. If the hosts are attentive and take care of all the inhabitants of the dwelling, Senpolia will receive his stake and will delight with his abundant blossom. Reproduction and care for indoor violet will not present difficulties, if you know the agrotechnik plant.

Conditions and microclimate favorable for plants

Defining are:

• place placement;
• duration and;
• temperature and air humidity;
• watering mode;
• timely transplantation and reproduction of violets.

Place indoor violet on a well-lit place on all windows, except northern without direct sunlight. Lack of lighting will provoke diseases, flowering will stop. can be raised on racks in the depths of the apartment if you create it artificial lighting Day spectrum, for at least 10 hours.

Temperature in the summer can be 21-25 degrees, in winter it is enough 15-18. Seedlings are coming or rooted at 25. All processes slow down at temperatures close to 30. Air humidity should be about 50%.

The violet does not like excessive moisture. How often watered violets? During flowering, watering bottom or traditional should be daily, in winter twice a week. The main thing is not to overflow and avoid stagnation of water in the pallet. If the roots do not get the roots and can be dried. In modern care, a very interest caused a wrap-watering of violets and other indoor plants.

SENPOLIA Grows on the skinny ground with a small amount additional nutrition. Therefore, the substrate is often replaced for a full content. With annual resetting, only the substrate is replaced, without increasing the volume of KashP. Once every three years, the transplant is obligatory. Systematic cultivation of new copies allows you to remove old plants that lose decorativeness. Modify the violet, how to transplant easily, knowing the basic rules.

Change and reproduction of indoor violets

Plant reproduction can be guided using leaves, processes from the root of 3 - 4 leaves, seeds. Most often used method of pacifying sheet, we will analyze it in more detail.

A leaf with a healthy plant is taken for breeding. If this is a big outlet, then the leaves of the second tier are selected, rooted through a glass with water. Young plants or young leaves of the upper tiers are coming right in the substrate, in a wet MCU, in the mini aircraft.

The sheet should have a tagory, a fresh cut is performed before booking on germination, which is updated, if instead of Callyus the cutlets started. Some varieties of Satpolia through the water are not rooted, only in the MCU or substrate.

Requirements for substrate

The soil for violet should be light and slightly sour. The compositions are different, the main thing, it must be air-permeable and nutritious. Permanent moderate moisturizing allows to dissolve minerals, giving salt for nutrition. One of the compositions recommended for SENPOLIY:

• garden land - 5 parts;
• - 3 parts;
• sand - 1 part.

You can take ready sad For seedlings "Vermion". But any of the compositions should first be treated against pathogens and pests, then add to 2 l of the prepared mixture:

• "Living Earth" 1 liter;
• vermiculite 1 cup;
• perlite 1 cup;
• moss sphagnum 1.5 glasses;
• grinding charcoal 2/5 glasses;
• Powder at the tip of the knife.

For drainage it will take clamzit.

Tableware for violet

Containers must be wide. With a height of 10 cm for an adult plant, a cup of 15 -20 cm with a diameter is suitable. It is important to the right ratio, so a larger drainage layer is laid out in a deep narrow pot. Spacious dishes detain bloom until the roots are filled. When transplanting roots should be originally close. Any dishes are used, but better plastic, since the clay has pores, and the earth dries quickly.

Water for watering

Water applies soft raw estate. If watering the bottom, then after wetting the layer of the Earth, remnants of water from the pallet immediately after irrigation. Modern wrap, watering violet, allows you to create uniform moisturizing and reduces the departure time.

When planting violets with roots, the following conditions should be observed:

• Create a drainage layer, pre-defending drainage holes from clogging, stretching the wicks through them, and putting it into the layer of the subwoofer. Place the roots, so that the neck of the plant is in the middle of the cup, placed below the rim for watering. Gently pour out the ground root, slightly shaking and sealing the substrate mechanically.
• After plugging to the neck of the roots of the soil, so that it lay down to the roots. After the deposition of the Coma, to be added from above the dry mixture and mulch from evamikulite evaporation.
• Cover the benchmark on top of evaporation, venting. But do not water until it takes.

The sign of the survival will serve the emergence of new leaves on the bush, the appearance of young seedlings on the cutting.

Optionally, with each transplant to use a larger pot. It depends on the state of the root system. If she fits tightly with the earth and retains his shape when the pot is out of the pot, you need a large one by 1-1.5 cm.

Often ask a question whether it is possible to transplanted the blooming violet. It is undesirable if the plant is blooming, then it is enough for the power, wait for the end of flowering. But if the plant flooded, the transplant is inevitable. In this case, the root revision should be conducted and removed brown, you can switch to 2/3 root system and remove some of the leaves, use them for breeding. To bloom to recover faster, you need to take a smaller displacement dishes.

How to plant a violet if it does not bloom, and lost a decorative view from old age? Such a plant has a stem from below with ceremony. A sharp knife cut off the upper part, root in water and after planting like all other violets.

If violet, which is beautifully blooming, fallen down the lower sheets and barley barbed, can be broken, but not immediately. Initially, it is necessary that roots appear on this part of the plant. Wrap a stem in the moss sphagnum with bactericidal and deterrent properties. When the roots appear on it, you can plug the earth.

Video on the wrap of violets

One of the most beloved homemade plants among the gardeners - violets (Lat. Víola or Satpolia). Their beauty attracts the attention of people even very far from flower growing, violets on the windowsill look great. However, the violet care at home requires careful, so it is considered to breed these indoor flowers is considered a difficult occupation.

Externally, the flower is a rosette of leaves. It may be a simple form or terry. Distinctive trait - Lack of central stem. Flower with small flowers different color and forms. The plant is distinguished by a large species diversity.

Motherland violets - tropical countries. Especially scrupulous is the care of violets in winter - the time for which the lack of sunlight and the overabundance of artificial heat is characteristic. For the right content, we have prepared rules for care and reproduction.

Requirements for the conditions of the content of violets:

• temperature mode: in summer to +25 C; in winter + 18-20 c;
• humidity level 50%;
• light level - daylight not less than 10 hours a day
• during flowering, additional lighting with fluorescent lamps is required.

In flower shops you can find as seedlings of violets and big choice seed. Self-cultivation Palok from seeds is a fascinating process, but requires a certain experience and knowledge, so it is more suitable for flowerflowers with experience. For beginners, you can recommend to stop your choice on the finished seedlings. First, you can immediately see the varietal qualities: appearance, color, shape and size of flowers. Secondly, in specialized stores and in the flower markets, seedlings are sold in pots or phytokastes protecting the sensitive root system of violets from negative environmental factors.

Growing seedlings

Grow planting material You can independently from seeds. The advantage - the received copy may differ from the maternal material, and in best side. This is a big chance to bring new Sort. The error of many inexperienced flower flowers to navigate when choosing seeds only on the front side of the bag. In fact, the appearance of the flower rarely coincides with the picture. For example, the violet horned cultivation of seeds, which is practiced most often, is distinguished by a large variety of colors, up to black with bright stains of flowers.

Packaging must contain the following information:

• name in Russian and Latin;
• grade (exception if we are talking about the species plant);
• shelf life;
• germination;
• the number of seeds in one bag (in pieces or grams);
• description of the appearance: size and painting of flowers.

Among the experts are highly appreciated by heterosexis hybrids, i.e. Hybrids with increased viability. The "F1" symbol is necessarily present in their names. The cost of such seeds is noticeably higher, but the highest quality planting material is obtained.

Successful cultivation of violets at home begins with the correct substrate for growing seedlings. Its composition:

• drainage from ceramic shards;
• river sand of a large fraction;
• thin layer of moss-sfagnum;
• at the end - prepared soil: crushed peat (sieve through a sieve with a cell 0.5-1 mm) and perlite in a ratio of 1: 1.

All fillers must be sterilized. Moss and soil are processed on a "steam bath", shards and sand - in a hot oven.

Sewing is made in special phytocasters with a lid on the surface of the moistened soil. Stored in a warm place protected from direct sunlight. Conditions of detention:

• temperature regime is not lower than +20 C;
• sufficient humidity (it is impossible to dry the surface of the soil).

The predictable appearance of shoots - for 20-25 days, at a temperature mode not lower than +250 - shoots may appear after 14 days after seeding.

Photo Instructions for growing violets from sheet

Care for seedy

The secrets of care for violets at the growing stage lies in the right content of seedlings. The main fear of SENPOLIA - drying soil and getting water on the leaves and the root neck.

After the appearance of germs, the cassette cover is replaced with the observer nonwoven material (type spanbond) to eliminate the possibility of the capepada and improve the air exchange.

Lower watering or drip irrigation, when water is constantly or after certain time intervals, it comes directly to the root system of each plant, which completely eliminates the possibility of wetting the ground part of the violet.

With the advent of two full-fledged leaves, the seedlings are transplanted into individual pots.

Transplanting viok

Violets landing and care at home, which for most people are akin to the sacrament, please their breeders in a lush color, only if they are periodically replant. Over time, the soil is flattered and its acidity is changed, as a result, the deterioration of the air exchange and the lack of nutrients. Replacing the pot when transplanting is not required. If the flower is not closely, it can be limited to the replacement of the soil.

When to transplant the violet?

The highest percentage of survival in the spring. It is not recommended to transplant violets into summer heat. If there is an opportunity to compensate for plants a lack of daylight, which is characteristic of average latitudes in the autumn-winter period, then the transplant can be engaged practically all year round.

For zaksania testifies to the formation of white plaque on the surface. In the soil, the air exchange is disturbed or overwhelming the mineral substances.

Blossom starts only after the root system fills the entire pot from the ground. Increasing the pot requires a plant, the root system of which is very tightly excavated by the earthen com. When choosing a container for a flower, we are guided by the rule: the flower must be larger than the pot of the pot 3 times. It is recommended to use a plastic container. In pots of ceramics and clay faster there is a drying of the soil. The leaves of violets are wither from contact with these materials.

Rules of transplant

The violet transplant can be carried out in three ways:

• transplant with a complete replacement of the soil (recommended for adult plants in case of latching the stem, during the fading or zaking of the soil);
• transplanting with partial replacement of soil (optimally for young plants miniature varieties and in cases of changing the pot on a larger diameter);
• turning (for urgent transplant or young children).

A transplant with a complete replacement of soil makes it possible to clean the root system from harmful items.

1. Remove the plant from the pot. Healthy live roots of violets have white color And fill the pot of the pot. Brown dead roots are removed. You can rinse with water. If there is a rot, the plant is taking off to a lively fabric. Sections are processed by activated carbon and dry. With significant damage to the root system, the plant should be rejected in the moss-sfagnum, which has bactericidal properties, or in an aqueous medium.
2. Remove all yellow leaves and blooms.
3. Sections are processed by coal crumb.
4. If, as a result of cleaning the roots, their number has noticeably decreased, it is necessary to replace the pot into a smaller diameter.
5. Drainage is placed on the bottom, then the soil layer, on which the roots of the plant are laid out. Above the ground to the level of the lower leaves. So that the soil is well hammered, knock the pot on the walls.
6. Transplanted plant Do not water 1 day. To ensure the necessary level of humidity, it can be covered with a plastic bag.
7. After a day, inspect the violet. If the leg is screamed, it is necessary to shine soil.

Transplanting with partial replacement of soil is carried out similarly to the previous method with one difference. From the roots of the plant is removed only by the land that is easily shaken. Advantage - minimal damage to the root system, because It remains in the earthen coma.

When transshipment, the violet is removed from the old pot together with the entire earthen room and is placed in a new container. If necessary, the fresh soil shocks.

Soil for viok

Regardless of whether a new young plant is planted or perhaps adult, the quality of the soil is important for the success of the whole event. Violet care at home, for which it is very important, prefer a sour medium with a small amount of nutrients. The perfect substrate should be very easy to pass the air and moisture. Its composition:

• peat (3 parts, sometimes diluted with perlite or vermiculite, to hold moisture);
• dried moss-sfagnum (no more than 10% of total);
• sheet land (5 parts);
• sand (1 part);
• coal (no more than 10% of the total).

The soil for violets is distinguished by poverty. On the one hand, it is an advantage, because The plant does not tolerate the overgrown, on the other, it takes a feeding during the growth period. In winter, a solution of humate is added (1 time per year). Special mineral fertilizers for violets are made in spring and summer.

Watering methods

Important! When watering, it is impossible to fill the flower and allow water from entering the leaves (they are purified from dust with a damp cloth) and flowers.

Upper watering. The most labor cost way. You to help - a small lechka with a long naist or a large fringe. The amount of water is determined visually. If moisture began to drip through drainage holes, watering is completed. The advantage of the upper irrigation is leaching the excess salts from the substrate.

At lower irrigation, the pot is placed in water tank (height water height flower pot) And it is left for a while, while the soil does not dare in it, which indicates its sufficient moisture. Experienced flowerflowers who know exactly how much water is needed by their pets, pour a certain amount into the pallet and wait for it when it is absorbed. You can not put several flower pots into one pallet. This is an easy way to spread disease. The lack of a method - no salts are flushed, as with the upper watering.

Fitila watering. We remember the capillary effect from the course of physics for grade 7. Pot with violet We install on water tank, so that its bottom does not concern the surface of the water. As a wick, we use a tissue strip or cord. One end is carried out in the drainage hole, the other - immersed in water. The flower will take so much moisture as needed. Fitila watering is convenient in conditions of frequent temperature differences and humidity levels. The volume of moisture consumed is governed by the needs of the flower at the moment.

Despite convenience, fityl watering There are a number of weighty flaws. It is not recommended to use it for watering large plants ( maximum size Pot up to 8 cm in diameter). Risky to apply in winter time, because The water temperature can significantly decrease, and cold water with violets is contraindicated. Some varieties do not perceive watering through the wick.

To watering violets, it is necessary to use a soft warm (room temperature) water. Cold water It leads to a lack of bloom, reinforcing the root system, up to the death of the flower. It is possible to mitigate and clean the water with boiling, using household filters or give water to stand for a couple of days.

If the water of high rigidity after boiling is added to 1 liter of 5 crystals citric acid or 1 tsp. vinegar. Watering with acidic water is recommended not more than once a month.

Important! For watering it is impossible to use stagnate water and with silver content.

Reproduction of violets

Any forum on flowerworm will reveal all the secrets of growing violets. Having studied the opinion of their participants, you come to the conclusion that the most common and easy way to reproduce violets is rooting the sheet cutting in water or substrate.

Optimal time for overlooking the spring-summer period. We choose the most green and strong sheet in an adult young medium-sized plant from the bottom row, if there are several of them, pre-watering the flower.

Rooting in the aquatic environment

In the sheet chosen for rooting, the stalk is cut so that 3-4 cm can be left to the sheet plate, it can be at a right angle or angle in 450. We use only a clean and dry tool with a well-sharpened blade. The sheet is placed in water. The process of rooting violet lasts from 14 days to a month and more depending on the variety. When the roots reach 1-2 cm. The cuttings are transplanted into the ground before the appearance of children.

If the leaflek lifted (for example, during the transportation process) or was rudied with a non-polished plant, it is necessary to carry out a resuscitation to restore the turgora: put a sheet of whole into a weak aqueous solution of potassium mangartage. The temperature of the water is approximately 250. To withstand 2-3 hours.

If in the process of rooting in the aquatic environment, the rotation process began, the slice is updated along a healthy part of the sheet and processed by coal powder. The sheet is placed in a disinfected container with a new clean water.

Advantages. Allows you to monitor the process of formation of roots and do not miss the desired moment for further actions (subject to the use of glass or transparent vessel plastic).

Rooting in the soil

Sheet cutlets placed immediately into the ground, bypassing the water medium. The advantages of the method - the gear time is reduced (the plant does not have to adapt first to one conditions, then to the other) and children appear faster. Forum of specialists recommends this method for reproduction of miniature varieties of violets. For their rooting, leaves are taken with cuttings 1-1.5 cm.

Regardless of the method of reproduction, it is important to comply with the conditions of the cutting of the cutting:

• content in the greenhouse before the appearance of children;
• stable temperature 22-250 (without direct sunlight);
• lighting 12 hours;
• good air exchange in the substrate;
• watering as the substrate is drying in prepared water.

Video on the care of violets at home