Fan coil heating system. Sharing a fan coil unit with a heat pump. Benefits of heating with fan coil units

Today, an indisputable fact is that heating a room using a household, semi-industrial split system, as well as any type of industrial air conditioner is much more efficient than conventional electric heaters. However, as the outside temperature decreases, the efficiency decreases. Therefore, I would especially like to highlight the use of a chiller-fan coil system for heating a room.

How is heating with fan coil units? In this direction, a special group of equipment has been allocated, designed specifically for heating and this equipment is called - heat pumps. It should be noted that absolutely all types of fan coil units (wall, cassette, duct, floor-sub-ceiling) can heat the air, but keep in mind that warm air from the fan coil will rise up and the location of the fan coil at the top will have a bad effect for heating. This applies, to a greater extent, to channel and cassette fan coil units. For the best heating efficiency, fan coil units with a bottom location or with an adjustable air outlet in height should be selected. The very possibility of working on heating does not depend on the design of the fan coil. If the fan coil unit is paired with a chiller that can work to get cold and heat, then the fan coil unit can also work to heat the air. If the chiller is designed only for cold operation, then, accordingly, the fan coil unit can only work for air cooling.

In most cases, fan coil units are produced two-pipe, and they also have one heat exchanger inside the fan coil, and they are most often used. Nevertheless, many manufacturers also produce four-pipe fan coil units, which have two heat exchangers inside and these heat exchangers can each operate in their own mode, independently of each other. In this case, each heat exchanger is connected to its own chiller or any other system that pre-prepares (heats / cools) water for its further supply to fan coil units. These heat exchangers operate independently of each other. As such a system for one heat exchanger, you can use an individual boiler or connect to central heating, if available, and connect the other to the chiller.

Such fan coil units have wider functionality, but in this case such four-pipe heat exchangers can be used to heat the air. The efficiency from the use of fan coil units as heating devices is much higher than from the use of conventional heating radiators precisely due to the use of built-in fans inside the fan coil unit and more effective materials, in terms of heat transfer, from which the heat exchanger is made.

Fan coil units are part of the climate control air conditioning system. Units equipped with a heat exchanger and a fan operate in cooling and heating modes. They provide a comfortable temperature in the house at any time of the year. When connected to heat pump or for an autonomous boiler, fan coils become heating devices superior efficiency radiators.

Fan coil heating principle

Fan coil operation principle

The original name of the fan coil unit is "fan coil" means "fan-heat exchanger". The device is called a fan coil. It is the final element of a chiller-fan coil system. The block consists of the following parts:

heat exchanger from copper tubes with aluminum fins;
centrifugal fan;
filter;
Control block.

The main circulates water (in regions with a mild climate) or ethylene glycol (for areas with low temperatures). Fan coil units are installed in each room, they function according to an individual program. The number of connected modules depends on the chiller capacity.

The coolant temperature is 35-55 °. A low indicator is sufficient for heating using a new technology.

Steel radiators are gradually giving way to alternative space heating systems. One of modern options heating the house - a fan coil instead of a radiator. There is a heat exchanger inside the unit with a circulating hot water, summed up by the highway. The fan, which is part of the device, drives air masses through it. Forced circulation allows you to quickly raise the room temperature. The filtering device cleans the stream of warm air from dust and impurities.

The fan coil unit is connected by a piping system to a heating boiler (chiller) and a hydraulic module. When installing the water circuit, there is no need to use expensive copper pipes... Insulated plastic lines will replace metal. High-quality thermal insulation eliminates temperature loss even over a considerable distance. One of the advantages of plastic is the low cost of material and installation work.

Chiller - external block of the air conditioning system

Chiller - refrigeration machine with the possibility of switching to a heat pump, installed outdoors or in utility room... The hydraulic module consists of a pump, an expansion tank and a storage tank. A heating boiler is included in the device of the four-pipe system. With the onset of cold weather, a special valve turns on the heating mode.

Types of indoor units

According to the type of connection to the hydraulic circuit, a fan coil for heating a private house is of two types:

Two-pipe - the unit is equipped with one water circuit. Its mode of operation depends on the temperature of the coolant. This is the most common and affordable type.
Four-pipe - a device with two heat exchangers, one of which circulates cold water and hot in the other. The systems operate independently of each other, allowing quick changes in cooling and heating modes.

Mounting options

The constructive version of the fan coil is selected depending on the placement requirements:

The cassette fan coil unit is installed behind a false ceiling

Cassette - blocks are placed behind false ceilings. An air distribution grill is directed into the room. The devices are produced in two and four-pipe. They are equipped with a condensate collection tray.
Ducted - devices are designed for installation in a ventilation duct. Horizontal models are set for false ceiling, vertical - behind the false wall. Powerful fans allow multiple rooms to be served. Blocks are managed remote control.
Wall-mounted - the console unit is placed openly, which simplifies the installation process. The device is manufactured with decorative appeal in mind. The case does not externally differ from the internal block of the split system. Works in two modes: cooling and heating. The device is completed with a remote control panel. When installed over a window creates thermal curtain, excluding the appearance of a draft.
Floor standing - the equipment is installed on the floor or at the bottom of the wall. Blocks replace radiators. Heated or cooled air is directed upward. Supplied with two or four-pipe heat exchanger. Possibility of horizontal installation under the ceiling. The models have built-in and remote control.

The disadvantage of the system is the increased noise level generated by the fan.

Benefits of using fan coil units

Thanks to forced circulation Fan coil units raise the room temperature faster than natural convection radiators.
The chiller-fan coil system heats the house in winter and switches to cooling mode in summer.
The coolant temperature decreases.
Heating costs are reduced, the savings are tangible for large houses.
Automatic control simplifies temperature control. It is enough to set the desired indicators on the remote control.
The risk of an emergency is minimized.
Installing fan coil units provides the ability to select a comfortable temperature for each room.
Blocks with water heat carrier are more economical, durable and reliable heating elements than electric convectors.

Heating features

The layout of the heating elements is chosen based on the individual characteristics of the room. The fan coil in the heating system plays the role of a radiator, so it is preferable to install it at the bottom. The number of blocks in a room is calculated taking into account several factors:

square;
ceiling height;
window sizes;
winter temperature in the region.

Types of zoning

Multi-zone system allows you to heat some rooms and cool others at the same time

Air conditioning systems of varying complexity are used. To maintain the same temperature in all rooms of a private house, a single-zone option is suitable. Work algorithm:

In summer, water circulates in the pipes with a temperature of 7 °. It is fed to the fan coil heat exchangers, which cool the air in the rooms. The unit's operation is regulated by a controller connected to a temperature sensor. The heated water is sent back to the chiller.
In winter, the automation switches the heating medium to the heating source (boiler, boiler).

A two-pipe scheme and blocks with one circuit are used. The house is in cooling or heating mode, but in separate rooms you can change the parameters of the microclimate.

The multi-zone system offers enhanced functionality. Some rooms are heated and others are cooled at the same time. This possibility is provided by the separation of cold and hot water on different branches. For installation, blocks with two circuits and a four-pipe connection diagram are required.

The microclimate in the house is regulated by thermostats. Sensors are installed in every room. When the set value is reached, the heat supply to the fan coil units and the electricity supply for the fan operation are cut off. The device enters a power saving mode. In houses where at the design stage it is provided central air conditioning, it is advisable to use heating with fan coils. The universal system replaces two climatic systems - water heating and air conditioning.

One of the most modern systems heating and air conditioning for private houses is a chiller-fan coil system. This system will create a favorable microclimate in your home, maintain fresh air, and preserve the health of your household. This system especially stands out against the background of traditional split systems, therefore, we will talk about its features in this article. First, we will consider the structure of the system as a whole, then we will directly touch on the fan coil units.

The main purpose of the chiller-fan coil system is air conditioning. It consists of two main parts: a chiller and a fan coil unit. A chiller is a device that is directly responsible for heating or cooling, and a fan coil is essentially an air conditioner that serves to cool or heat the air in the room in which the fan coil itself is located.

Unlike a conventional air conditioner, refrigerant does not circulate through the fan coil unit, often water or an anti-freeze liquid circulates through it. As for the chiller, it can work, for example, on solid fuel or work on a heat pump system.

In addition to the main parts, the system contains: a hydronic module, automation, connecting elements, storage and expansion tanks, heat carrier and refrigerant. A hydronic module is, in fact, a pumping station, the task of which is to ensure the movement of the coolant in the system. Automation provides control and regulation of the system during its operation.

Connecting elements are pipes that connect parts of the system, units, to each other. Ethylene glycol (for regions with cold or temperate climates) or water (for regions with hot climates) is used as a heat carrier. The refrigerant is gas, often freon.

Distinctive advantages of the chiller-fan coil system are in a number of its features.

Firstly, the system is very easy to maintain - filters can be easily removed, cleaned or changed.

Secondly, it is possible to install several fan coil units (in separate rooms), while the chiller operates one for the entire system, and the number of fan coil units is determined only by the chiller capacity.

Thirdly, the chiller is installed at once in one specific place, it does not require several places, that is, it does not eat up a lot of area.

Fourthly, well-organized pipe insulation will allow the transfer of the coolant to long distance that is, heated or air-conditioned rooms may be located far from the chiller.

During installation, ordinary pipes, standard shut-off valves, typical automation are used. The system is ecologically safe, if the solution of ethylene glycol in water and has some toxicity, then if it leaks, a person will instantly start coughing and leave the room - he will be safe. As for the refrigerant, it circulates only in the chiller, that is, in the unit in the attic or on the roof, outside the living quarters. Such a system allows you to combine both heating and supply and exhaust ventilation at a relatively low cost of installation.

The coolant entering the chiller is heated or cooled, just like in an air conditioner. Water or an anti-freeze liquid serving as a heating medium, using pump module supplied to the fan coil units, where the room air is mixed with the air of the unit, using a fan installed inside.

A heated or cooled coolant gives or takes away heat from the air in the room, so the correct microclimate is achieved. This is the principle of operation of chiller-fan coil systems, which perfectly show themselves as systems. air heating private houses.

The heat exchanger of the chiller itself is connected to the pump and storage tank(accumulator), then an expansion tank is installed, and then the coolant is supplied through the pipes to the fan coil units, while the control valves installed in the pipeline adjust the system to the correct mode.

For a particular house, the project of the system is developed by specialists individually, and if somewhere the chiller can be installed only on the roof, otherwise the attic is best suited for placing the chiller. When designing, take into account all the features of the premises, the backyard infrastructure and the requirements of households for the microclimate. The chiller type is selected individually, as well as the number of fan coil units, depending on the load intensity and on the individual customer's requirements for the peculiarities of the system operation modes.

The devices included in the system can work together or separately, again depending on the type of system. Chillers are reversible, steam compressor or absorption. The reversible chiller is capable of both heating and cooling. The steam compressor will remove heat from the coolant circulating inside the unit into a special chamber.

And the absorption can, by changing the state of aggregation of the liquid, take away heat from it, or vice versa - heat it; the absorbent transfers heat to the consumer. Cooling can be air or water, and the cooling circuit is remote. Directly fan coils are cassette or duct, wall, floor or ceiling.

When choosing a system, it is important to evaluate the following parameters: chiller capacity, fan coil performance, power pumping station, pipeline length, pipe insulation. So the chiller-fan coil system can be designed for any building, not only for a private house, but also, for example, for a supermarket or hotel.

We love it when the temperature is comfortable at home, even if it's hot or cold outside. In the summer, air conditioners save us. But can one air conditioner cope with a large private home? But what if you need to cool an office or an entire shopping center?

Many people think that air conditioners are in short supply. Of course, this type is the most common, but there are other types that are no less effective. One of them is the chiller-fan coil air conditioning system. The word is complex, but it is not difficult to guess from it what this system consists of. Let's try to disassemble each of the parts of the system - fan coil and chiller - and understand what are its advantages.

What is a fan coil unit?

A fan coil unit is a device that cools or heats the air in a room. Fan coil unit is an element of the whole air conditioning system. It is also called a fan coil. A fan coil unit consists of two parts: a fan (fan) and a heat exchanger (coil). Often there is a filter in the door closer rough cleaning so that coarse, fluff and other contaminants do not enter the device. V modern models a remote control is provided.

In the well-known split systems indoor unit- this is the same fan coil unit. Only split systems cool or heat the air thanks to a refrigerant - a special gaseous substance, most often freon. In a fan coil, a liquid works - water or an antifreeze aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

Principle of operation fan coil unit is simple:

The fan "takes" air from the room and directs it to the heat exchanger.
Meanwhile, cold or cold water enters the heat exchanger. hot water- depending on what temperature you want to achieve.
The water in the heat exchanger takes in or gives off heat to the air.
Then the air, cooled or heated, returns to the room - at the required temperature.
When the system is configured to cool the air, condensate forms on the heat exchanger, which is drained by a pump into the sewer or discharged outside.

But where does the water get into the heat exchanger? To get it, the fan coil unit needs an additional unit. A boiler plant or a heat pump is used to heat the air, and a chiller is used for cooling. We will talk about the chiller a little later.

There can be several fan coil units in one room - just like heating radiators. The number of units depends on the area of the room and on the requirements for the air temperature.

The fan coil unit can operate not only in the air recirculation mode, but also in the mixed mode, that is, to combine the air from the room with the fresh air. But this option is not available for all closers, but only for those connected to the supply ventilation.

By installation method fan coil units are divided into:

floor;
wall-mounted;
ceiling.

There is universal devices, which are mounted both on the wall and on the ceiling.

There are also corps and frameless fan coil units. Models without a case are cheaper; they are usually hidden behind decorative panels or false ceilings.

By the number of heat exchangers fan coil units are:

Two-pipe, when two pipes leave one heat exchanger. Through one pipe, water enters the fan coil, and through the other, it goes back. Basically, two-pipe models are used only for cooling. Air heating is also possible, but you will have to heat up the water in an additional heat exchanger and use a special pump.
Four-pipe. In such fan coil units, there are two heat exchangers, two pipes depart from each. Cold water circulates in one heat exchanger, and hot water in the other. Thanks to this, the device cools and heats the air without any problems.

There is another classification of fan coil units:

Cassette fan coil units installed where there are suspended ceilings. They are two- and four-pipe. Usually cassette models are produced without a case, since most of it is hidden anyway. Only the decorative panel is visible - there are blinds on it that distribute the air flow. The cassette fan coil unit makes almost no noise, is relatively easy to install, and also distributes air evenly throughout the room.
Duct fan coil units often used for large facilities such as offices and shopping centers... They are installed inside ventilation system behind false ceilings and false walls. Fan coil units channel type can either submit Fresh air, or clear the existing one.

A chiller is a liquid cooling machine. Often it works in tandem with a fan coil, but it also has other uses: for example, using a chiller, a roller is poured, and medicines are cooled. Typically, the chiller in a chiller-fan coil system is located on the roof or in a technical room.

By type of cooling chillers are divided into two types:

WITH air cooled when the condenser in the chiller - the device in which the refrigerant turns from gas to liquid - is blown by a stream of air.
Water cooled when the condenser in the chiller is cooled by running water

There are also absorption and vapor compression chillers:

Absorption. In such chillers, instead of freon, a mixture of water and lithium bromide is used. They are not yet very common in Russia.
Steam compression. Now this type is the most common. In fact, this is the same freon air conditioner, only not air, but water passes through it. Vapor compression chillers consist of a compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.

Principle of operation the chiller is as follows:

The compressor increases the pressure of freon, a gaseous refrigerant.
Then the freon enters the condenser, where it cools and becomes liquid.
In the thermostatic expansion valve (TRV), the freon boils and begins to evaporate.
In the evaporator, freon takes heat from the water.
Freon becomes gaseous again and the cycle repeats.
The water cooled in the evaporator enters the fan coil unit, which distributes the air throughout the room.

Chiller installation: from design to test

The most difficult thing in installing a chiller-fan coil system is installing a chiller. It takes place in several stages:

Preparatory work. At this stage, the features of the room or building are clarified, the necessary equipment is selected.
Choosing a place. The location is selected taking into account the weight and dimensions of the chiller. It is also important to provide free approaches to the unit so that it is easy to maintain.
Installation of the base. It will not work just like that to put the chiller on the floor or roof - you need a base or a mounting frame, on which the device will then be installed.
Vibration isolation. So that vibrations from the operation of the chiller do not feel like a small earthquake, anti-vibration mounts are installed.
Installation of the chiller itself. If the unit is too large, it is installed using special equipment.
Installation of the hydraulic circuit, i.e. connection to a piping cooler and installation of fan coil units.
Electrical system setup and testing chiller operation.

HVAC equipment must be selected, installed and maintained by qualified specialists.

Chiller-fan coil system: pros and cons

Now that we know what a fan coil unit and a chiller are, we can understand what a chiller-fan coil system is. The chiller, the external unit of the system, is piped to a fan coil - an internal heat exchanger that is blown by a fan.

But why is such a system even needed if there are conventional air conditioners? The fact is that it has several advantages over split systems:

Scalability. Due to the gas refrigerant, the distance between the internal and external units in split systems is limited. In a chiller-fan coil system, you can connect as many fan coil units as you like at a distance of up to several hundred meters - the specific characteristics depend on the power of the chiller and the pumping station. This allows only one chiller to be used even in a large building.
Aesthetic component. Due to the limited distance between indoor and outdoor units outdoor unit a conventional air conditioner is placed on the facade of the building. In a chiller-fan coil system, the chiller is located on the roof or in the technical room, so the appearance of the façade is preserved.
Versatility. If there are many split systems, this air conditioning option works around the clock at any temperature. Moreover, thanks to a large number fan coil units, you can easily adjust the air temperature in each individual room.
Security. The refrigerant is liquid, not gas, as in split systems, so the likelihood of an accident is much lower.

Ecology of consumption. Manor: One of the most modern heating and air conditioning systems for private houses is the chiller-fan coil system. This system will create a favorable microclimate in your home, maintain fresh air, and preserve the health of your household.

One of the most modern heating and air conditioning systems for private houses is the chiller-fan coil system. This system will create a favorable microclimate in your home, maintain fresh air, and preserve the health of your household. This system especially stands out against the background of traditional split systems, therefore, we will talk about its features in this article. First, we will consider the structure of the system as a whole, then we will directly touch on the fan coil units.

Distinctive advantages of the chiller-fan coil system are in a number of its features.

Firstly, the system is very easy to maintain - filters can be easily removed, cleaned or changed.

Thirdly, the chiller is installed at once in one specific place, it does not require several places, that is, it does not eat up a lot of area.

Fourthly, well-organized thermal insulation of pipes will allow the transfer of the coolant over a long distance, that is, heated or air-conditioned rooms can be located far from the chiller.

The coolant entering the chiller is heated or cooled, just like in an air conditioner. Water or an antifreeze liquid serving as a heating medium is supplied to the fan coil units by means of a pumping module, where the room air is mixed with the air of the unit, using a fan installed inside.

The heat exchanger of the chiller itself is connected to the pump and storage tank (accumulator), then an expansion tank is installed, and then the coolant is supplied through pipes to the fan coil units, while the control valves installed in the pipeline adjust the system to the correct mode.

When choosing a system, it is important to evaluate the following parameters: chiller capacity, fan coil capacity, pumping station capacity, pipeline length, pipe insulation. So the chiller-fan coil system can be designed for any building, not only for a private house, but also, for example, for a supermarket or hotel. published by