Illumination of the entrances of an apartment building tambour. What should be the coverage of the local houses of apartment buildings. Norms of illumination of various parts of the entrance and utility rooms
Many of us more than once had to return home in the dark time. At such moments, a person understands how important the lighting inside the apartment building and around it. But what to do, if there are no light in the entrance, nor in the courtyard? Who to contact and who is responsible for this? Let's deal with this issue
In this article:
Lighting an entrance
With the onset of darkness in the entrance and on the stairwells of the residential building, light must be included. First of all it is necessary for the safety of residents. Lighting in the entrance of an apartment building should meet the following requirements:
- in public premises, a system of general illumination is used;
- if there are more than 6 floors in the house and employs more than 50 people, the building must be equipped with evacuation lighting;
- evacuation lamps are installed in the main aisles and in front of the elevators;
- it is allowed to use incandescent lamps, halogen and LED lamps;
- it is recommended to cover the lamp anti-vandal, impact-resistant glass or metal mesh;
- the intensity of light must comply with the established standards.
The standards of illumination are governed by special regulatory documents, SNiP and GOST and are normalized at VNC 59-88. Values \u200b\u200bin suites for common areas are presented in the table:
The tenants have the right to complain about the management company not only on the fact that there are no lamps, but also that their light is not enough intense.
Lighting in the basement
Special requirements are put forward to the organization of the basement illumination due to a special microclimate indoor. As a rule, there is always wet, dampness may be observed, so the lamps must respond to electrical safety and fire safety standards.
Power must be reduced to 42 watts using a lowering transformer. The luminaire case is necessarily ground. It is not recommended in the process of laying cables to combine copper and aluminum wires, which react under the influence of moisture. Wiring is placed in special corrugated pipes, which are called sleeves.
Lighting of the local area
Before dealing with what provisions should be the lighting of the local area and the courtyard of an apartment building, it is necessary to deal with what is included in this concept - "house territory". According to the law, this is:
- the land plot on which the house was built, its dimensions are determined by cadastre;
- elements of improvement (here included, including lamps);
- objects intended for the operation of the house (thermal points, transformer, children's and sports grounds, car parkings).
Immediately lighting the courtyard of an apartment building can be carried out in three ways:
- Lantern under the visor above the door in the entrance. It is convenient because you can take a low-power lamp, the light will not need a lot. The disadvantage is that there will be only a small plot in front of the door.
- Lantern over the visor entrance. It is advisable to take a lamp with a light stream at least 3500 lm and circular light light. Place at an altitude of 5 meters at an angle of 25 degrees to the horizon. But, despite the fact that the entire courtyard is illuminated in this way, the area next to the door remains in the dark.
- Combining the two previous options. The most optimal way to illuminate the yard, but it consumes a lot of electricity.
To illuminate adjacent territories, the standards are also developed, which are presented in the table:
Some tenants insist on the installation of lighting devices with a motion sensor in order to save electricity. Such lamps make sense to put inside the entrances, while on the streets they will work not entirely correctly. On the street, the sensor can work from the movement of the animal, and the light will turn on when this is not required.
Who is responsible for the lighting of the house?
According to the Federal Law No. 131, local self-government bodies are responsible for the illumination of streets, roads and courtyards. But maintaining the performance of the lamps is responsible for residents at home.
According to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, liability for light inside residential buildings and in the house area lies in the management company with which the tenants have concluded a contract. In the very text of the agreement, it is written out which services is provided by the Criminal Code, for which it is responsible and what is the procedure for emerging problems or controversial issues.
What to do if the tenants found that in the entrance, public areas, in the basement or on the adjacent territory there are no light? They need to take the following steps:
- A certificate is drawn up in which the problem is described.
- The act signs at least 3 people. It can be neighbors, a senior entrance or chairman of the house.
- The act attached proof of the existence of the problem. For example, a photo of the absence of light in the evening.
- Documents are transferred to the control company.
- For seven days, the employees of the Criminal Code check and analyze information, eliminate malfunctions and constitute their own act about the problem.
- The document in which all actions adopted to eliminate the problem are transmitted to applicants.
If the management company does not cope with its responsibilities, refuses to perform what is written in the contract, the tenants have the right to terminate the agreement with it and conclude an agreement with another organization.
Who pays the lighting of the courtyard and the entrances of an apartment building? According to the FZ, the territory around the house, as well as the entrances, is common property. The costs of lighting and troubleshooting are imposed directly on the tenants of the house. And expenses are divided into each owner, depending on the area of \u200b\u200bits apartment.
Attention should be paid, whether this house territory is documented that this area is the common property of this one at home. If there are no such marks, then the inclusion in the receipt of payment is illegally.
Lighting multi-storey houses is strictly regulated by laws and sanitary standards. If one of the important parameters is not observed - there is no light at all, it is not bright enough, the lighting is organized without taking into account the security of tenants, the residents of the house have the right to apply to the management company, the local administration or even to court.
Perhaps, each of us at least once in life had to go without illumination along the staircase of the entrance in complete darkness in the regions of Russia. And even if in this case it was possible to safely overcome all the steps, then all the same, the unpleasant sensations were allowed for a long time. So, in order to completely eliminate the possibility of repeating this, it is necessary to properly organize a reliable and comfortable lighting of stairs.
The main task in controlling the lighting of stair cells is to ensure safe and comfortable movement for all people passing through it. For this, the light should be directed to the steps from above and clearly shade the contours of each of them. In addition, the light should create soft, not sharp shadows to improve the spatial orientation of people. It should also be noted that well-lit walls create a sense of security in humans.
Emergency lighting of staircases should also be thought out. In case of unforeseen or critical situations, it will help to avoid unnecessary risks.
The company "Aktei" in the regions of Russia will be able to offer you at least 10 solutions for the lighting of the staircase for every taste and wallet. You can buy our solutions from us or our dealers in any region of Russia.
Staircase Lighting Norms
The level of illuminance of stair cells is normalized by SNiP 23-05-95 * "Natural and artificial lighting", it ranges from 50 to 100 lux. Special attention should be paid to the contrast of steps in their lighting, but at the same time the lamps should not blind people passing along the staircase march. Therefore, usually light sources are located on the ceilings or high on the walls.
The most functional and complete solution in the ACTA portfolio is the LED lamp SA-7008U of the Perseus series. This intelligent product always works in the presence of people, and at that moment, when there is no one on the stairs, it turns off completely or goes into the standby mode. At this point only the natural lighting of the staircases of residential buildings. SA-7008U does not require replacement of lamps, when using such a decision, there is no need for any maintenance during the entire period of operation.
The polycarbonate case on one side provides a high output of light from the LED module, and with another significantly reduces blindness. The streamlined form allows the use of lamps as decorative elements of the premises. The housing of the lamp is made of polycarbonate, which has high light lighting abilities on one side, and on the other hand, evenly distributes the flow of light, without having a blinding effect. Impact resistance of this material and a special streamlined form provide excellent values \u200b\u200bof vandalustability.
How to make lighting on the staircase?
In addition, the coverage of stairs and sites in the entrances of residential buildings is intended to ensure the safety and comfort of the residents of the house, it must be energy-saving and anti-vandal, that is, protected from external destruction, breakdowns and theft. The use of lamps with sensors will save on illumination up to 98% of electricity. Anti-vandal protection of LED luminaires provides a durable polycarbonate case, a special fastener protects against theft.
Since the lamps on stair cells and marchs often work around the clock, the absolute value of saving both in watts and in rubles can be quite significant.
In the company "Aktei" you can choose the optimal for your staircase solution from the following options:
- lED lamps of the Perseus series - SA-7008U, CA-7006, CA-7006D, SA-7106E;
- lED lamps DBB 64-08 and DBB 64-08D;
- luminaires and cartridges with sensors under the lamp with the COCOL E27 - CA-18, CA-19, CA-20.
LED LED SA-7008U, Perseus Series
Characteristics:
Features:
|
 |
Energy saving LED lamp for housing and communal services CA-7006D, Perseus series
Characteristics:
Features:
|
 |
Energy Saving Lamp SA-18 Optical Acoustic
Characteristics:
Features:
|
 |
None of the regulatory and legal acts of Russia contains the definitions of the "house territory".
Whose account should be made?
In accordance with the Housing Code, all expenses for the maintenance of the general property of the house are divided between the owners in proportion to the area of \u200b\u200btheir apartments, and since the house territory refers to joint property, then the payment for the streets falls on the shoulders of owners. Street lighting costs are calculated by a dormitory counter and monthly turn on in the residential receipts at home.
Reference!If the territory of the house has not been documented, the inclusion of such a line of expenses in the receipt for payment is wrong and can serve as beginning of court proceedings.
Return home in the dark is much more pleasant and safer along the illuminated yard, rather than getting to their own apartment in dotmakes, shuddering from each row. The lack of light in the yard is a reason for contacting the management company or administration.
Outdoor lighting plays a very large role in the infrastructure of any settlements. It is especially important for urban areas. Moreover, it is necessary to pay out to street coverage of the local area.
Outdoor coverage of the territory near the house
Lighting of the local area should be based not only on the law established by the authorities, but also on the relevant requirements and norms. About what should be known in this case, will tell you today's article.
House territory and its features
The local area is the honor of the land plot, which is adjacent to the apartment building.
Note! According to the Law of the Russian Federation, the property or use of the owner of a concrete apartment building is applied to the local household territory.
Part of the courtyard near the house
As the Law of the Russian Federation speaks about city land plots, the composition of the national property in the framework of the local area includes:
- the land plot on which the house was erected on a lot of apartments. Borders for the land plot of an apartment building are indicated in the state cadastral accounting;
- elements of landscaping, improvement (lighting systems);
- other objects that are intended for servicing this house. There may be thermal points, various transformer substations, as well as garages or collective parking lots, playgrounds. But all the described objects must be within the boundaries of the land plot installed by the cadastr.
Therefore, in order to understand the real boundaries of the spike territory, which the law of the country is talking about, you need to have detailed information about this land plot. For this, it is necessary to apply to the appropriate authority of state cadastral accounting. Here they give out the cadastral statement of a particular land plot. This discharge must contain the following data:
- size and borders of the local area;
- information about the owner.
As the owner, i.e. One who is responsible for this territory can act:
- city (municipality);
- the right to use is provided to owners of this apartment building;
- outdoor territory owned by the owners of the house.
Any delimitation of powers conducted between tenants (users) and the city (owners) must be enshrined in a special agreement, as the law says.
Note! The law also says who pays for coverage of the territory around an apartment building.
Lighting the yard
A copy of the contract should be kept in your HOA or management company, as well as in the local administration.
The signed agreement for the right to ownership of urban areas contains the following information:
- conditions of operation of the land plot (lighting, etc.);
- right and responsibility for renting territories to third parties.
But in a situation where owners of an apartment building belong to the area of \u200b\u200bownership of the local house, there are certain nuances.
Features of the ownership of the local territory tenants
In a situation where his tenants are in the role of owners of the land plot around the apartment building, the law will contain the following points:
- in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, it is indicated that residents of urban homes for a large number of apartments are obliged to pay for the costs that are on the content of common property, inclusive of the outdoor lighting system, commensurate its share in the right of common property. This means that the municipality is not only paying for street lighting;
Note! The share in the right of common property will be proportional to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, which belongs to a person with ownership.
- according to the Housing Code, the owners are obliged to choose one of the options for managing a multi-apartment house. This may be the management of HOA, managing a specific organization or other specialized consumer cooperative.
As a result, the responsibility in this situation will be assumed to one of the above-listed persons. Therefore, before requiring the installation of high-quality lighting of the given territory, it is necessary to establish not only that the law speaks, but also who has the right to ownership of this land plot and is responsible for him (who pays, repairs, etc.). As they say in the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the entire cost of servicing the street lighting system is included in utility services, as well as the structure of the residential premises.
What else should be known about the local area and its backlight
The law (for example, the Housing Code, etc.) argues that outdoor and internal coverage of urban infrastructures (apartment buildings, house territory, etc.) should be based on their organization for certain norms and requirements. All the rules installed for urban local land plots are prescribed, as well as internal premises, in SNiP. Here, first of all, on the issue of organizing street lighting, the role of lighting levels is assigned.
Loading norms of the local area
The fact is that each object of the local area (entrance, driving road, flowerbeds, etc.) must have their own specific level of illumination, which is based on both the purpose of the object and the visual system of the person. This means that the backlight of each object of the railway area should not cause discomfort at the observer, as well as create full lighting.
This means that when organizing the outer illumination of the courtyard of urban apartment buildings, branched for these structures (defined by the municipality) should be based on the norm established in SNiP. Moreover, to underestimate the level of illumination below the established boundaries is strictly prohibited.
Requirements for the organization of the court lighting
The regulatory documentation (SNiP) contains all the requirements that must be observed and adhere to the organization of outdoor coverage of the local area of \u200b\u200bany apartment building. To today, as the law says (Housing Code of the Russian Federation and other documents), the following requirements include:
- the backlight must be organized for any entrance. This means that the entrance to the entrance should be covered in the dark;
Lighting an entrance
- the number of fixtures installed along the roadway should be such that the light comes from them is not lower than the installed level of illumination;
Note! The management company or other organizations responsible for organizing outdoor lighting, on the basis of the level of illumination, determine the style of lanterns, restriction of them by functionality, etc.
- high-quality and full illumination should be organized for road linen, as well as playgrounds and parking spaces.
The achievement of the required level of lighting in different areas of urban can be achieved in the following ways:
- installing wall lights over the entrance to the entrance. At the same time, the height of the placement of the lanterns may be different. The higher the lantern is and more powerful the light in it, the more there will be a circle of light formed by the lighting device;
- lantern pillars placed along the carriageway. With the help of such lanterns, which are placed on the top of the post, you can highlight all the areas of the yard: playgrounds, parking spaces, sidewalks and a driving part.
For the optimal outdoor backlight of the local house of the apartment building, it is worth using both lighting options: facade wall lamps and lamppost poles. In such a situation, it is possible to achieve an optimal level of the illumination of the yard at minimal costs that will be balanced by economy sources of light, as well as the number of lanterns and wall lamps. In this case, the darkened areas of the territory can be avoided with a high probability.
Features of food outdoor lighting
For urban apartment buildings as a source of outdoor lighting system, the building of the apartment building is used.
Lighting in the courtyard high-rise
To take into account the consumed electricity in this situation, a common electric meter is used. In this regard, expenses will be distributed to all owners. In this regard, to reduce the costs of this article to illuminate streets and courtyards, located near apartment buildings began to install economical light sources: luminescent, gas-discharge and LED light bulbs. From this list of maximum electricity savings can be achieved using LED light sources.
Some believe that it is possible to reduce the cost of payment of the outdoor electricity lighting system using motion sensors.
Motion Sensor
These devices showed high efficiency at home, but on the street as an element of a system of outdoor illumination of the apartment territory of an apartment building, they demonstrated a less successful result. The fact is that here the operation of the motion sensors will not be completely correct. This is due to the fact that at least the time to turn on the lighting and can be programmed depending on the natural level of illumination, the device can react to the flight of birds or moving pets. As a result, the frequency of false positives in those moments when the light is not needed, will be several times higher.
Note! The frequent switching on and off of light is often more negative for the external lightweight power grid than the constant light.
Modern lighting instruments of HOA and the HCC, equipped with photocells, are definitely deprived of the above problems, as there are several modes of operation (for example, duty).
Additional features of external lighting
Since the lighting devices of the outer backlight of the local area of \u200b\u200bany apartment building can be located within the reach of human reach, without the use of additional funds (for example, stairs), then additional protection of the lamps from the vandals is needed. In this regard, all lighting plants located on the territory of the apartment building should be equipped with anti-vandal devices.
Anti-vandal defense of the lamp
It will prevent premature damage to the lamp.
Conclusion
It is necessary to approach the organization of lighting at the local area of \u200b\u200bany apartment building not only taking into account the letter of the law, but also the rules that need to be adhered to. This will allow quality to highlight the house and spend the minimum of strength, time and money to support this system.
Why you can not give icons
Is it possible to give icons as a gift: Signs, the opinion of the Church
A year ago left her husband, and now I do not know what to do