How to make a forged fence on the site yourself. Do-it-yourself wrought-iron fence. How is the order for fences with forging

A wrought-iron fence is a brilliant aristocrat in a motley family of fences, an absolute example of sophistication and nobility.

Delicate weaves of delicate patterns of metallic flowers and curls are indifferent to the whims of changeable fashion.

But if in the old days only master blacksmiths were engaged in the manufacture of such hedges, then today such a task will be quite within the reach of a non-professional.

From our article you will learn how and with what equipment do-it-yourself forged fences are made.

A wrought iron fence can be created in one of two ways:

Artistic forging

it traditional method available only to true masters.

With hammer blows (today it can be mechanized) the blacksmith gives a red-hot metal workpiece the desired shape in accordance with what pattern he intended to perform.

All elements are combined into a single composition by means of clamps - electric welding is not used.

Each such fence is a single piece of painting in metal.

Accordingly, the master who makes it must be not only an experienced blacksmith, but also an artist.

Such fences are very expensive and are positioned as decorative.

Stamping

A simplified technique that can be called imitation artistic forging.

Curls and other components are made on special machines and connected into a pattern by means of electric welding.

It is clear that they are all of the same type and there is no need to talk about exclusivity in this case, but for the application of this method, involvement in the art of blacksmithing is not required.

Thus, anyone can independently make a pseudo-forged, but in fact a stamped fence. At the same time, the hedges will still have some originality: although the same elements are used, the compositions formed from them can be very diverse.

In most cases similar to forgings decorative elements are made of round (14 mm diameter) or square (12x12 mm) steel bar.

For this are used different kinds machines:

"Snail": this machine twists the rod into a spiral.
"Gnutik": a device that bends a rod along a radius or at a given angle.
"Template": this machine can make a regular ring of any diameter from a rod.
"Twister": an aggregate that twists a rod along a helical path.

In the same way, you can process a rod with the help of small curved yews and powerful locksmith vices.

The process of making decorative elements using this equipment is often called "cold forging". Fences made in this way are positioned as protective.

It is known that it can be more expensive than metal, but the final price strongly depends on the material and type of stone, there are also very budget solutions.

Read about homemade gates in our next one.

O homemade fences from the bottles, see.

Required tools

Here's what a home master should be armed with:

Electric welding machine. Both spot and continuous welding will be used, so you need to have two sets of electrodes of the corresponding diameters.
Bulgarian. We will use not only cutting discs, but also grinding (cleaning of welded seams).
The usual set of locksmith tools: pliers, hammer, file.
Corner.
Level.
Roulette.
A spray gun for applying paint (or a regular brush).

Equipment for cold forging usually rented.

It is not necessary to use the entire set - you can take one machine and make a fence from elements of the same type.

Another option: stamped parts can be purchased at finished form- they are quite inexpensive.

Preparatory work

Before proceeding with the manufacture of sections, you need to install the racks to which they will be attached. You will need to choose one of two options:

metal racks: applied round tube with a diameter of about 60 mm or square with about the same cross-sectional size;
stone: are brickwork or natural stone reinforced from the inside with a steel core.

Stone pillars give the wrought-iron fence a monumental look. Usually they are erected in the presence of high and massive sections.

The racks are placed as follows:

Pegs are installed at the corner points of the fence contour.
Pull any available cord or string between the pegs.
Pegs are installed along the cord, corresponding to the location of the gate and wicket supports.
They are set in such a length of spans (you should choose from the range of 2 - 2.5 m) so that their whole number fits in the gaps between the already installed pegs.
With a step equal to the accepted span length, other posts are installed along the stretched cord.

Further actions depend on which stances you decide to use:

Steel tubes

With help garden drill a well is made under each column.

It should go into the ground by at least 70 cm, but it is better to choose the soil to the depth of freezing - then the support will definitely not be squeezed out by the forces of frost heaving.

Now the grooves can be filled with broken brick, but it will be more reliable to concreate the racks.

Brick or stone posts

Such an element must necessarily have a foundation in the form of a concrete support, the base of which is below the depth of soil freezing.

In the center, a steel core is embedded in concrete - a pipe or a box welded from channels, the outer part of which will be lined with brick or stone.

An example of homemade stone and brick pillars

During the construction of the masonry, mortgages are built into it, to which the sections of the fence will then be attached.

As a rule, for this you have to make cuts in brick or stone with a grinder.

Inside the pillar, embeds are welded to the steel core.

A cap is placed on top of the stone pillar to protect the masonry from rain.

About the foundation

If the sections of the fence are especially massive, a shallow strip foundation will also have to be laid under them.

Its sole is deepened by about 20 cm, but the trench needs to be dug 10-15 cm deeper - crushed stone-sand bedding will be arranged at the bottom.

Inside strip foundation must be located reinforcement cage with upper and lower belts of working reinforcement.

It is impossible to connect the rods in the frame with electric welding - only wire them.

Step-by-step manufacturing instructions

Now you can start making the sections themselves. To do this, there must be a flat free area, perfect option- the floor of the room or a concreted area.

On a flat area of 4 even sections of rolled metal, lay out the frame, which will serve as a frame for the section.

The correctness of its geometry is assessed according to the following criteria:

all elements fit snugly against the base (this means that the frame is perfectly flat);
the lengths of the opposite sides are equal;
both frame diagonals have equal length(a feature of a perfectly rectangular shape).

After making sure that the framing of the section is laid out correctly, all its elements can be welded to each other.

Further actions:

From stamped elements that imitate forged products, patterns are laid out in the frame, in other words, the filling of the section. At the same time, it is necessary to carefully control the dimensions so that the composition is assembled without distortions and in compliance with symmetry. A characteristic element of forged fences - peaks - should be cut from steel sheet.
Having laid out the filling, the parts are tacked by welding. Now you need to lift the section and assess whether it turned out to be tough enough. If not, you need to add more patterns that will play the role of stiffeners.
Having finally decided on the composition, the section is again laid on a flat surface and the parts are welded to one another by full welding.
After that, all the details of the section are outlined with chalk. Thus, a template drawing is created, according to which all other sections will be manufactured.
All other sections are welded according to the existing template, cleaning the welded seams.
A wicket and gate leaves are made in the same way.
It remains to fix the components of the fence on the supports and paint them.

Those with access to cold forging equipment may take a slightly different route. First, you need to draw a drawing of the filling with chalk inside the welded frame, and then make curls and other elements with the desired parameters from it.

DIY forged fence - photo

An example of artistic forging of a gate

And this is an example of multi-component decorative forging on metal sheets for gates

And this is a classic metal forging of a fence with brick pillars, an example of the manufacture of which was described above

Video on the topic

Who first came up with the idea of enclosing his home high fence and it is impossible to hide from prying eyes. But today, fencing a personal site is a common practice. At the same time, the fence performs not only protective, but also decorative function, and if desired, it can become a work of art.

For the construction of the fence, the most different materials: mesh, brick, wood and others. Their combination allows you to create interesting options, but forged fences are a separate group http://krupnov-nn.ru/katalog/metallokonstrukczii/. In our article we will talk about how to make them yourself.

Types of forged fences

Wrought iron fences are valued for their strength, reliability and aesthetic appearance... And the latter directly depends on the type of fence.

Protective

There is no aesthetic function assigned to the protective fence. It is assembled on site from pre-fabricated sections. It is the most affordable, perfectly fulfills a security role.

Decorative

It's not hard to guess that hallmark decorative wrought iron fence is its appearance. Details are made by hand, artistic forging is used.

A decorative fence not only reliably protects the site from the penetration of strangers, but also decorates it. True, not everyone can afford such a fence, since it has a high cost.

Welded

What to do if on decorative fence no money, but want a beautiful wrought-iron fence? In this case, you should pay attention to welded fence, which is a cross between the above two options.

For the manufacture of welded fencing are used ready-made structures(as in the first case) and individual decorative elements (made by artistically forging). The result is a fence that is very original in appearance and affordable. By the way, you can create it and with my own hands, keeping all costs to a minimum!

DIY forged fence

It should be said right away that making a fence is a rather laborious process, but the result is worth it. Decorative items can be purchased at a specialty store, or you can forge it yourself. In the second case, you will have to make a lot of effort or get along with the simplest elements.

Tool

For work you will need:

Electric arc welding machine
Bulgarian
Vise
Tool for twisting iron rods
Utility tool

Fence construction

A wrought iron fence consists of:

Of the foundation
Support pillars
Intake sections

Given the large weight of the finished fence, the foundation should be given the most close attention... The service life of the fence will depend on it. As for the support pillars, they do an excellent job with this task. shaped pipes with a cross section of at least 50 mm.

Fence sections are made from an iron bar. Experts recommend taking a faceted square rod, as it adds solidity to the structure. Frames for intake sections are made of metal profiles.

Mounting

A frame for the intake section is placed in a free and level space. It is important to measure and compare its diagonals, the unevenness of which will lead to a skew of the section. Decorative elements are laid out inside the frame, choosing a specific design. This stage determines the appearance of the fence, so it's worth experimenting and going through several solutions.

After all the elements are in place, they are fastened together by welding. Then the section of the fence is installed in the place allotted to it, cleaned and painted in any color.

Experts recommend welding the parts of the fence twice. Once by means of spot welding, which separates the parts from each other. The second time the parts are welded tightly, but only after the section has been evaluated in its assigned position.

Video

Photo

Exists a large number of methods of constructing a permanent fence around a private house and personal plot... Forged structures are of particular aesthetic appeal. When made to order, such fences can be estimated at a rather large amount, but there is the possibility of making it yourself.

Advantages and varieties of fences

Metal is a durable material, so forged products can last you long years... If the structure has been properly processed, then it will not be afraid of either temperature jumps or high humidity.

Such a fence, in comparison with fences made of other materials, will look original, demonstrating notes of antiquity, and sometimes more modern, radiating the nobility of forging. Well, do not forget about the possibility to choose any shape and stylistic solution.

Forged fences for a private house can be of several types:

Decorative, designed to decorate the territory without performing protective functions... They are made to order without stamping or welding. For fastening, special clamps are used.
Protective - their purpose is to secure the site country house... It is durable and robust design reinforced with screw connections or welding.
Combined models focused on both the aesthetically pleasing design of the house and its protection against unauthorized entry.

For manufacturing, several methods are used - welding, forging, or a combination that combines the advantages of the first two methods.

Tool and material preparation

If you are interested in the question of how to make a forged fence with your own hands, then you need to prepare for complex and time-consuming work. It is possible to solve this problem, although it will require a lot of free time and additional financial resources from you.

For work, you will definitely need a grinder with grinding and cutting discs, and welding machine... Since the fence is decorated with decorative components, it is necessary to stock up on a machine that twists metal rods. It can be rented or purchased separately and then secured. You will need a vice and a standard plumbing kit, measuring tools and finishing painting fence.

After the sketches of the forged fences are prepared, it is necessary to purchase the required number of metal rods with a diameter of 14 mm. If you plan to decorate the structure, you will need metal sheets for the manufacture of decorative pointed peaks.

Arrangement of the foundation

To ensure the strength of the structure, it is necessary that the support posts and fixed sections are securely fixed. Therefore, special attention is paid to the construction of the foundation. It is permissible to use structures of two types - columnar and tape.

Choice of supports

For the installation of poles, the use of a wooden beam is not suitable. A more reliable and durable material is required. Therefore, constructions of the following type are used:

Round or square metal supports over 60 mm. They are durable, do not require expensive protective treatment, firmly tolerate the effects of factors environment... They are also distinguished by low cost and good transportability.

Brick pillars. They will be able to withstand the increased load, but inside such a structure, an additional support is installed made of metal of a round or square shape, and then it is poured with concrete. The reinforcement welded to the support will act as a fastener for the forged sections.

Concrete supports will also be strong and durable, but it is not recommended to use them for fences over 1.5 m. This is due to the fact that, under the weight of the sections, the pillars of greater height will begin to deform and disintegrate over time.

Create a strip foundation

After marking, it is necessary to dig a trench as shown in the photo of forged fences. The standard parameters of the trench will be a depth of 700 mm and a width of 300 mm.

Along the entire length of the trench, you need to select the places for installing the supports and mark them in increments of up to 2 m. The pillars should enter the ground by 300-400 mm. The diameter of the pit should be more size supports. Crushed stone is poured into the holes, followed by tamping. From above, the bottom of the pit is covered with a layer of sand (up to 100 mm thick).

In the process of reinforcement, it is necessary to use reinforcement with a cross section of 12-14 mm. These rods are connected with a knitting wire to form 100 mm meshes. Reinforcement is recommended to be carried out in three layers. Formwork made of boards or laminated MDF is placed along the edges of the trench. After that, concrete can be poured into the pits and along the tape. The posts must be aligned and secured with wooden stops. Complete hardening of the solution occurs in 20-30 days.

Fencing structure manufacturing

Forged elements for the fence are made according to a predetermined pattern. In this case, you need to select the required equipment:

"Gnutik" - is used to bend the rods at the required angle to obtain the shape of the given radius.
"Snail" and "Twister" - are used to make the rods look like a spiral.
"Template" - helps to get elements in the form of a circle with a specified radius.

Of course, such devices will be expensive. To reduce costs, you can purchase ready-made elements, and for a small amount of work - use a vice or yew.

Before starting to make a section, it is necessary to flat surface draw a sketch of the structure. On such a template, all stiffeners, protection and decor elements should be clearly drawn.

On a bending machine using the right tools it is necessary to make decorative components, observing given shape and size. You should also prepare the rods of the required length by cutting them according to the appropriate measurements.

All components of the fence section must be fastened with a welding machine. After spot welding, it is necessary to check the correctness of the fastening and make the final fixation of the structure. All seams must be cleaned, corrosion removed. Then all sections are primed and then painted.

After all the sections have been processed, they must be mounted. Mounting on racks is done by welding or using clamps. It is necessary to leave space for openings for the gate and wicket.

Wrought iron fences are beautiful decorative decoration suburban area and its reliable protection. The manufacturing and installation technology of such a fence is laborious and costly, but the result will delight the hosts and guests for many years.

Photo of wrought iron fences

The work on arranging a forged fence will require a considerable investment of time and effort. In addition, you will have to purchase or rent special equipment for the manufacture of decorative elements and learn how to work with it. You will learn about all this by reading the presented guide.

Set for work

with a set of electrodes.
Grinder with grinding and cutting discs.
Equipment for the manufacture of decorative elements. There are several types of machines that allow you to shape metal rods in different shapes. You will learn more about the main units below.
Vise. A flimsy student attitude won't do. You need a powerful locksmith machine. In addition, prepare the curved yews to give the twigs a spiral shape.
Pliers.
Roulette.
Hammer.
Building level.
Corner.
Spray gun or several brushes of different sizes.
Steel rods with a diameter of 12-14 mm.
Sheet steel 2 mm thick. From it we will make the tips of the peak. We buy the material if peaks are present in the selected design of the fence.

We equip the base

The work on the manufacture of a forged fence begins with the arrangement of a reliable, durable and quality foundation... The support will have a columnar-tape appearance. The posts will hold the fence sections, and the continuous concrete band will take the weight of the entire structure.

What are the pillars made of?

For the manufacture of supports we use reliable, strong and durable material. Wooden beams obviously will not work - it simply will not withstand the weight of the metal sections, and if it does, then such a structure will clearly not look the best.

Poles can be made of concrete, bricks, or metal. Each option has its own characteristics.

Support type	Description
Metal supports	They are characterized by high stability, strength and long term service. The material is sold at an affordable cost, does not need any complicated additional preparation and processing, and is easily transported and installed. Supports can be square or circular section... The minimum permissible diameter or cross-section of the rack is 6 cm. Otherwise, we focus on the dimensions and weight of the future structure.
Brick pillars	They can well withstand the loads created by a variety of heavy and tall structures, including our forged fence. First, the perimeter of the brick pillar is laid out, and after that the gap inside the masonry is filled with reinforcement and poured with concrete. Also, the fittings are embedded in the masonry. As a result, sections of the fence will be attached to these rods.
Concrete poles	They endure the most severe external influences, serve as much as possible long time and are in full harmony with metal products. However, with all its advantages, concrete racks have a very serious drawback - they can normally withstand the loads created by sections up to 150 cm high. When installing more impressive elements, the support can collapse under its weight.

Most often, forged sections are used in combination with metal racks... This is exactly what we are building. The choice is very good - you don't have to mess with masonry, formwork, unnecessary concreting and other related activities.

Making the foundation

First step. We mark the site along the perimeter at the installation site of the fence. We dig trenches along the markings. We select the depth and width of the pit taking into account a number of factors, including: soil characteristics at the site, climate features in the region, the height of the fence sections, etc. The optimal indicators are considered to be a width of 30-35 cm and a depth of 70-80 cm.

Second step. Along the perimeter of the dug trench, we mark the places for installing the racks. We mount the posts with the same pitch. Middle step- 1.5-2 m.Otherwise, we focus on the size and weight of the fence, as well as the width of the sections and features design ideas... We dig the racks into the ground by about 35-40 cm.The diameter of the hole should slightly exceed the size of the support. We fill up the pits for the posts with a 10-15 centimeter layer of gravel and tamp them. Do not pour concrete yet - we will do it when pouring the tape.

Third step. We tamp and level the bottom of the pit, and then fill it with a 5-10 cm layer of sand. For better ramming, spill sand with water.

Fourth step. We carry out. To do this, we connect reinforcement with a diameter of 12-14 mm into a mesh with a 10-centimeter and cells. We use knitting wire to connect the rods.

Reinforcement is best done in 3 layers. We will lay the first mesh on the bottom of the trench on top of the sand layer, fix the second mesh approximately in the middle of the hole, and the third - practically at the top of the depression. We fasten the nets to the dug in support pillars using a knitting wire. It is better not to use welding, because after pouring concrete, we will need to align the supports, and the welds will not allow this.

Fifth step. We install the formwork along the edges of the pit. You can use boards to assemble the formwork, but if you have a sufficient budget, it is better to make a form from laminated MDF. The use of this material will allow you to get a foundation with perfectly smooth visible edges that do not require additional finishing.

Sixth step. Fill the holes for the posts and the tape with concrete.

Seventh step. Until the concrete has set, we set the supports in level and fix them in a given position with the help of wooden stops. We leave them until the concrete hardens completely. This will take 3-4 weeks.

On this, a reliable and durable base for our forged fence is ready. While the concrete is hardening and gaining strength, we will be engaged in the manufacture of sections and decorative elements for the fencing under construction.

For the manufacture of all structural elements, a steel bar will be used. But in order to give the rods the desired shape, you will have to buy or borrow special equipment. Which one exactly? We read further.

How to make decorative elements?

Such elements are manufactured using a variety of bending machines. The following types of equipment are most commonly used.

"Gnutik". This device allows you to bend metal rods at the desired radius and required angles.
"Snail". Such a machine allows you to give the rods a spiral shape.
"Sample". Bends metal rods into a circle. The ability to change the radius of the circle is available.
Twister. Another unit for twisting rods into a spiral. Can be replaced with a vice and yew.

You do not have to spend money to buy or rent all of the listed units. Take 1-2 tools (machine tools) and, focusing on their capabilities, come up with a section design. Alternatively, you can choose the tools in accordance with the already approved design - be guided by the situation.

For example, a device called "Gnutik" will allow you to create rounded elements and peaks - it is enough to design a forged fence. In this case, the rounded products will simultaneously take on the functions of the stiffeners.

Manufacturing and installation of fencing sections

We smoothly approached the most interesting and an important milestone work. We act in the following order.

First step. We find a flat horizontal section that can freely accommodate at least one section of the fence. You can use a large work table or do everything directly on the pavement.

Second step. With the help of chalk draw a fence section template on the base. We draw stiffeners, protective parts and decorative elements. All other sections of the fence can be assembled in accordance with this template.

Third step. With the help of bending or special devices, we create the required number of decorative elements. At this point, we focus on a project drawn up in accordance with our ideas, requirements and preferences. We make sure that the shape and dimensions of the products coincide with the template we have drawn. At the same stage, we cut the steel rods to the required length.

Fourth step. In accordance with the template, we grab all the elements of the section spot welding... We check the correctness and evenness of the connection of the parts. If everything is in order, we carry out a final welding.

In the same order, we collect the required number of fence sections.

Fifth step. We clean welded seams, remove traces of corrosion when found.

Sixth step. We cover metal products with a primer and a special protective paint... This finish allows you to simultaneously improve the appearance of the fence and provide it with protection from rust.

Seventh step. We mount ready-made sections. To attach them to the support posts, we use a welding machine or special clamps. Do not forget to leave openings for installing gates and gates, if they have a design different from the fence.

This completes all the activities for the manufacture and installation of a forged fence. The process is quite complicated and time-consuming, but the result is definitely worth it.

Happy work!