Types of clamps. Joinery clamp (types, destination). Top G-shaped clamps

Many home craftsmen have questions about clamps. What are they used, how are they used and what better? For those who do not know, it is worth noting that the clamp is a clamp for temporary positioning of parts for subsequent mounting. Clamps are different species and are intended for various tasks. Those who are engaged in carpentry jobs know that the more you use such clamps, the more applications they are. Therefore, in the workshop should always be reliable and convenient in the work of clamp. different species and sizes.

Carpentry clamps - general description

Wood and metal joinery clamps are made. By installing such a device on the surface, you can work with both hands.

The simplest manual clamp consists of the main frame and moving elementsthat are equipped with clips in the form of screws or levers. They not only fix the movable part, but also regulate the power of compression.

There are lever devices that are based on both the system of axes and levers. Most often, they are called clips or clamps. With their help, it is possible to make a quick fixation of the workpiece. To do this, only you need to make some effort to move the handle, and the decent clamping force will be created instantly.

Types of plumbing and carpentry clamps

The clamp models differ in mechanisms, so divided into the following classes:

angular;
assembly;
screw;
manual;
quickness.

When choosing such a device, it is necessary to pay attention to the distance to which the clamps and on the work move are moved. The most practical are clamps having the greatest above indicators. With their help you can work with products large sizes (from 20 to 350 mm).

Equip your workshop with a complete set of carpentry clamps for pocket not everyone. There are quite a lot of their species and sizes. Therefore, it is worth considering only the most common types of them.

F-shaped clamps

Such adaptations are a combination of a stationary sponge at the end of a flat steel base and a sliding adjustable sponge. F-shaped clamps have a deep zevwhich allows you to fix the item away from its edge. At the sliding head, an adjusting screw or an eccentric lever can be installed on the clamp sponge.

Clamps are divided into two types:

Light Duty (for easy use). Such sufficient and narrow fixtures Not much weigh and do not occupy a lot of space.
Heavy Duty (for more hard work).

F--shaped clamps are simple, so sufficiently cheap. but work is not very convenientSo you have to keep them with two hands and then twist.

Ribbon clamps

It is difficult to submit work in a joinery workshop without ribbon clamps. At the heart of such a device is a kapron or leather belt, with which the clamping force is transmitted to the conjugate parts.

Ribbon clamps will ensure a uniform force of pressed and solid fixation of any billet. They can be used for the manufacture or repair of frames, wooden chairs, tabletops, aquariums and a lot of other. With this universal device, it is convenient to connect, drill and glue under the precisely specified angle fixed parts of the structure.

The length of the tape in the belt clips is such that she can wind the case of any multi-counter construction.By tightening at the same time all connections. There are no risk of damaging parts, since the metal parts of the ribbon clamp will not concern them.

However, in some cases, it is not very convenient to work with such a type of clamps. This is due to the fact that when installing a corner on one side, on the other, it can fall. In addition, it is impossible to strengthen or weaken the pressure on one specific plane or axis.

When using a tape without corners, you can easily damage the edge of the blank. Therefore, in addition to the ribbon clamp it is recommended to acquire special cornerswhich significantly expand the clamp functionality.

Pipe clamps

Pipe clamps made from water pipes In ½ or ¾ inch, which screws up a fixed emphasis and a movable sponge. You can make a device any length, cutting at one end of the pipe thread and screwing it up. Clamp at any time can be rearranged on the pipe of another length or dismantle.

You can buy pipes with carvings in any construction store. In this case, you can purchase not only ordinary pipes, but also elements with a galvanic coating. Movable clip Sponge will best slide on black pipeswhich are also fairly cheap. The advantage of pipes with a galvanic coating is that they are protected from corrosion. In addition, in contact with glue, unlike simple pipesThe elements with such a coating do not leave dark spots on the workpiece.

To protect the protruding thread, you can use special removable caps. So that long clamps during tightening are not bent, it is recommended to use more rigid elements with a diameter of ¾ inch.

If when gluing a large design and under hand there is no clamp of the required length, you can use two short devices. To do this, they will need to connect the coupling.

G-shaped clamps

This type of clamps is used to carry out most of the work, so it is recommended to purchase them as much as possible. They are different sizes, but most often devices with a grip width of 100 and 150 mm are used.

G-shaped clamps must be sure good quality Since the staples of cheap clamps are bent and work is difficult to work with them. However, there are quite cheap lightweight clips of excellent quality.

There are specialized G-shaped clips with an enlarged capture depth. With their help, you can reach the unavailable places in the usual clamps. For fixing overlays, edge clamps are available, capable of pressing the workpiece immediately in two directions.

The devices are separated and the type of material manufacturing:

Steel forged clamps make it possible to make great compression efforts. Therefore, it can be used even during welding for fixing steel beams.
Cast iron clamps are less durable, since the fragile cast iron can burst from excessive effort.

Choosing a G-shaped clamp. It is necessary to make sure that the screws are large, the surface is flat, and the gilt is thick and has a rounded end.

It is necessary to serve joinery clamps in the same way as the rest of the tool. The stops, rods and sponges of fixtures must be cleaned immediately after gluing. The dried glue is removed with difficulty and leaves on wooden parts. So that the screws of the clamps smoothly rotate, it is recommended to lubricate them with wax. Oil and silicone lubricants are better not to use, as they can stain the product.

You are practically more "one hand" of the master, clamps are capable of helping, if any item must be fixed for processing, "hold", and both hands are busy. Without them difficult to do with the assembly homemade furniture or gluing any wooden detailsthat need to tight to each other and connect. So for carpentry and other works it is recommended to have carpenter clamps of various sizes and species, not forgetting at the same time to care for them.

Clamp - pretty simple to see joiner's toolBut it is widely used in many types of construction or repair. The main function is in a clamp of one or more parts and fixing their for a long time.

Purpose and scope

As classic example the use of the product can be represented as a gluing of two wooden surfaces. After applying glue, it is necessary to closely press parts for for a long time, Up to the day. Clamps are fixed and are in this position all the necessary deadlines.

Also, the clamp is an element of the design of many plumbing or household appliances. With the help of it, the vice is attached to the workbench, and the meat grinder to the tabletop. Some species table lamps Also in their design it is a bad item.

Varieties

The device of a joinery or plumbing clamp is quite simple. It consists of a frame in which the movable part can be. Using it, the frame can be "moved" to the required distance. Thus, you can adjust the distance between the sponges, achieving the optimal value. Completely simple mechanisms have one fixed frame, depending on its size, it is selected that suitable for the criteria. By the way, you can purchase clamp at this link - Airtools.pro.

The second element is a pressure mechanism by which the sponge closure occurs, the material for fixation will be located between them. Rotate the screw can be adjusted requirement compression.

By external signsWhat affects the scope of application, clamps can be divided into three types: G and F shaped, the outlines they will resemble these letters; as well as automatic.

G. Perhaps the most classic form of product and the simplest. It is very convenient when working with wooden objects, metal products. Two bars are simply clamped with a movable part with a screw or lever. When buying, you need to check the clamping mechanism and inspect the frame on the subject of chips, as it is often cast iron and can be fragile.
F. A shape resembling a caliper. One part of the frame is still, the other moves along the "sliding" principle. Squeezing between sponges material, you need to choose it and fix the clamping mechanism. The advantage of this type in big Chair And the zois clamp.
Automatic. They are quite identical and similar to each other. With the help of an automatic drive, one hand can achieve fixation of parts.

Before the purchase

Due to the fact that the clamp is quite simple in its design, the choice will not cause any difficulties. First you need to decide on the necessary workflow of the presser part so that it meets the requirements. Check the quality of the device, the absence of cracks. Wrap until you stop rotary mechanism and look at the density of sponges adjacent, also make sure of their smooth structure.

It should always be remembered that sponges in compression can leave dents on the soft surface. Therefore, check the presence of pads if they are included. If not, it is not trouble, they can always be made at home from a girlish material. It must be remembered that the gaskets should be from the softer material than the clamping item.

In the process of woodworking without a joinery of clamp in most cases, it is not necessary. It is necessary to glue the wooden blanks, fasten the sheet, the board, the slab during the cutting - the clamp will necessarily need. There are similar products, but, according to the reviews of experienced masters, they are characterized by two substantial disadvantages - restrictions on the satellite and low strength, since soft metals (alloys) are used mainly for their production, in order to reduce cost.

Those who have to work with wood quite often, prefer homemade carpentry clamps. How do you make such a device with your own hands, to pay attention and take into account - about this and tells in the article.

There are many modifications of carpentry clamps - angular, G-shaped, edge, universal. Some are used for permanent operation with various billets (by area, thickness), others are manufactured under a specific technological operation (for disposable application).

The author considers it appropriate to stop only those who most often use "homemade craftsmen." If the principle of their functioning becomes clear, then with their own hands, it will be possible to make any kind of carpentry clamp, under your own requests. If, of course, "enable" fantasy and thoroughly think.

The author consciously does not indicate linear dimensions Clips. One of their advantages independent manufacture It is the possibility of an arbitrary choice of shape and dimensions of joinery clamps. Some standard on such devices does not exist. Yes, and "chew" elementary things to a person who is used to (and knows) to do everything with their own hands, it is hardly advisable. The main thing is to give an idea, "push the thought", and everything else is to your own discretion.

Option number 1

The simplest modification of the clamp. It is done quite quickly, but the use of such a joinery of clamp is somewhat limited. Although in most cases, when working with small-sized samples, it is quite enough.

The frame of the metal is taken as the basis of the device. The elements of the mounting of the canvas are replaced with long threaded rods, at one end of which - the iron "Pile" (as an option - nut), on the other - or removable handle, or headpoint under the horn key.

Since the frame can be adjusted in length, such a clamp will allow fixing the billets of various thickness. It is mainly used when gluing parts (), since the body of the device itself will not be able to secure on any surface. The only thing you need to consider is if the folding frame (the old modification of the "hacksaw"), then you will have to impose "a tire" in the bend (for example, wrapped with adhesive tape). In operation such a clamp is not entirely convenient, but for the absence of something more suitable - a good solution to the problem.

Option number 2.

Also pretty simple model clamps. She is done relatively quickly with their own hands. The device device is understandable from the drawing. All that will need is a metal corner and a pair of long screws or threaded studs.

If we make several similar clamps, then with their help you will perform various carpentry work. For example, glue long blanks. To do this, it is sufficient to set the clamps at a certain interval, and between the stops and the processed pattern, the metal stripes or rails from the solid rock tree are laid. As an option - consolidate the assembly on the workbench. The same applies to the cutting of blanks.

Before sawing, they are fixed on the tabletop, and their immobility will be guaranteed. This design can be modified, welding to the corners metal plates. This considerably increases the clock area.

In fact, for household use, such a modification of the joinery clamp is one of the best. Experienced masters have always ready set Of the multiple devices with different dimensions. Depending on the specifics of the work, you may need a clamping device from an angle or 25, or 45.

The versatility of such a modification is that it is from metal, therefore, is characterized by sufficient strength. Unlike wooden clamps, here you can adjust the strength of the clamp in the large range, and not only work with wood, and with other materials - glass, plastics, "iron". Than in everyday life and have to do.

This design can be somewhat modified. For example, when processing logs on mini-pyloram (dissolution on boards, sawing), they must also be recorded. In this case, an improved modification of such a joinery of clamp is suitable. It is enough for its basis to take strip iron, at the ends of which to prigerate the same corners.

Varieties and modifications

Here are some more varieties of joinery clamps. All these clamps are easy to assemble with their own hands.

The question is different - how appropriate is the use of wood as a starting material? There are arguments and "for", and "against". But if a tree is chosen for the base of the joinery clamp, then it must comply with certain criteria.

Breed - only firm (pear, oak, nut and similar). Otherwise, any strength of the clutch does not have to speak. Yes, and the durability of the clamp of their "soft" wood causes certain doubts.
Humidity is minimal. Only after the high-quality drying of the material can be used to make the parts of the clamping device.

Good luck to you, reader, in the manufacture of your own clamp. Do not be afraid to fantasize, and everything will succeed!

Illustration:

What are wooden clamps? What are they needed, how to use them and what better? We will answer these and many questions in this article.

Clampsin carbon monoxide is a vice for temporary positioning of parts in order to further consolidate them. There are several varieties of clamps. Experienced masters They know that the more you apply such clamps, the more applications they are. For this reason, each workshop needs reliable and consistent clamps of various types and dimensions.

Create clamps of wood or metal. Securing this device on the surface, you can work with both hands. The simplest clamp consists of a basic frame and movable parts equipped with clamps in the form of screws or levers. They not only fix moving elements, but also establish compression power. Breaks such types of clamps:

screw - has a screw and T-shaped handle, during the rotation of which sponges are compressed or squeezed. They are used to fix pipes in working with plumbing
mounting - used for fastening pipes and other parts of communications, as well as for clamping components when picked up
corner - kept when gluing or welding part of the frames, corners
clampsin carpentry fast-mode - a device for quick fixation, characterized by a lever-axial mechanism that facilitates the master's effort during the part of the part. You can drive the handle to the desired position using one hand.
manual clamp, it is a spring clamp characterized by two handles, during the dilution of which the clamping parts are bred, after which they are reduced by fixing the item. The spring system greatly facilitates the Master's efforts. Such clamps use for gluing small parts, holding small parts from soft materials, such as tree, cardboard, plastic.

Furniture clamps greatly facilitate work during the assembly of furniture boxes, lockers and other items that require an angular fixation. For example, clamps for assembling furniture will help to fix the parts and drill them together. It is very convenient for the option with the fixation of parts with the help of an angular clamp, because the drill for the confirmates to make a hole under the EuroN, and immediately screw it. In this case, there will be no problems with the correspondence of the holes. Next, consider the most popular types of clamps.

F-shaped clamps

These devices are a combination of a stationary sponge at the end of a flat metal base and a sliding sponge with the possibility of adjustment. F-shaped clamps are characterized by the presence of a deep oz, which allows you to fix the object away from its edge. The sliding head on the clamp sponge can have an adjusting screw or an eccentric lever. Clamps are two types:

Light Duty. They are intended for easy use. They are pretty thin and narrow, have low weight and occupy a little space
Heavy Duty. These devices are used in hard work.

F-shaped clamps are simplicity and, therefore, have a low cost. At the same time, working with them is not very comfortable, because they need to be kept with both hands and at the same time spin.

Ribbon clamps

The basis of this device is a kapron or leather belt that transmits the clamping force to the conjugate parts. Ribbon clamps provide smooth pressed and reliable fixation to any subjects. They can be used to create or repair work Ram, chairs from wood, countertops, aquariums and many other items. With this universal device You can connect, drill and glue at a specific angle fixed design details.

The tape has such a length that it is possible to wind the case of any multi-size design, consolidating all the compounds together. It should be noted that there is no risk of damage to the tied parts, because the metal parts of the ribbon clamp do not touch them. However, in some cases such devices are not very comfortable. This is due to the fact that during the installation of the corner on the one hand, on the other it drops. In addition, there is no possibility to make a stronger or weaker pressure on one particular plane or axis. During the use of tapes without corners, the edge edge edge is damaged. That is why it is worth buying special corners to buy a ribbon clamp that are significantly expanding the clamp functionality.

Pipe clamps

Create such devices from water pipes in ½ or ¾ inches, which screw the immovable focus and movable sponge. Create such a device can be created any length, cutting with a thread from one end and screwing up it. If necessary, the clamp can be rearranged on another pipe or simply dismantle.

It is worth noting that the mobile clamp sponge is perfectly sliding on black pipes, which differ in the budget value.
Galvanic coating Protects pipes from corrosion. In addition, contacting glue, unlike conventional pipes, parts with this coating will not leave on the workpiece dark spots. To protect the protruding threads worth using special removable caps. In the case when the wizard glues a large design, but does not have a clips of the required length, it uses two shorter fixtures. They are only necessary to connect the coupling.

G-shaped clamps

These devices are used to implement most of the work, therefore, buy them more. They are produced various sizeHowever, the most popular are tools that have a capture width of 100 and 150 mm. G-shaped clamps should be purchased only high-quality because brackets inexpensive options Often befell and work with them is quite difficult.

In stores you can find specialized G-shaped clamps with an enlarged capture depth. They help reach out in inaccessible simple clamps Places. To fix the linings there are special edge clamps that can press the item simultaneously in two directions. When choosing a G-shaped clamp, it is worth making sure that the screws are large, the surface is flat, and the tall comes with a rounded end.

Wood clamps can be made independently. Corner clamp Used to fix two blanks, even different size, at an angle of 90 degrees to connect them between themselves in any way. Most often, such a device is used as a conductor for welding metal parts at right angles.

To create such a device independently need to be purchased:

steel corner 40 mm, whose thickness is from 3 to 4 mm
steel plates, width that ranges from 40 to 50 mm
studs having a threader, better last time
rods for Vorotkov
nuts to create a worm mechanism
welding machine
drill, taps.

Corners need to be welded to steel plates clearly at right angles. On each side to attach with welding machine Worm structures, which is a similar corner with a welded nut or thickening. In this thickening, it is necessary to cut into the thread, according to the size of the hairpin. The width of the working clearance is to choose the potential blanks. Note that if the range of the dimensions of the processed parts is quite extensive, it is worth taking care of the manufacture of several clamps. The high speed turns is the cause of fragile fixation.

Next to the working guy, you need to screw the studs-knob, after which at its end to collect the stop. Often, it represents a design of two metal Syb. Various caliber. The stop must be easily scrolled on the heel. FROM back side The twist need to drill a hole in which a metal bar inserts performing the role of the lever. Competently created clamp made of metal makes it possible to reliably fix steel parts during welding, as well as wooden during carpentry.

The simplest clamp of wood, which is used in the joinery, can be created from such components:

a pair of wooden bars from a non-solid, but durable material, for example, pine. Very solid varieties will leave dents on the workpiece with strong fixation
furniture nuts with a ficker for wood
metal studs, and not necessarily from expensive hardened steel
nuts - lamb having threads corresponding to studs
pucks stubborn, you can also buy inexpensive.

Drink the working ticks from the prepared bars. Strictly at an angle of 90 degrees, depart the holes for the heels, with a slight backlash. Studs need to be screwed into furniture nuts. The fit will be provided with lambs, or simple nuts with a horn key, in the case when very durable capture is needed.

To quickly fix small parts worth using a clamp in the form of a caliper.

Such a device can be made from bars and thin plywood. Worm system Standard - nuts for furniture and hairpin-knob. The immovable emphasis is securely attached on one side of the rail guide. On the rail, it is necessary to cut down the recesses for fastening the movable mechanism.

After moving the bracket to the desired distance, you only need to turn into a few turns of the knob, and the item is fixed. When the thrust mechanism is released - the carriage is easily moving, freeing the workpiece.

It is often necessary to simply press the material to the table for work. To this end, you can make a self-activated clamp. The photo shows how to create a metal or wooden bracket.

The essence of this device is simple - need a lever having an eccentric at the turning end. Having made a turn to a certain angle, it turns out an automatic fast clamp. The total height varies with the adjustment of the heel, which is fixed on the workbench.

If you fix two clamps of this type on a mobile template, you can carry out mass milling of the same billets.

Clamp (It. Schraubzwinge, from Schraube - Screw and Zwinge - vice) - a tool used to fix any parts or materials at the time of processing: Cut, gluing, compound, drilling, welding. Clamps are made of various materials: metal, plastic, wood and are different on the device: screw, lever (quick-release). Clamps are used for joinery and fitter work. Clamps for plumbing and welding works are usually completely made of metal. Clamps for carpentry work can be made of metal, wood and plastic.

Types of clamps:

F - shaped clamps As a rule, consist of a metal tire, on which a fixed sponge and a movable sponge are installed. Sometimes a stationary sponge is a continuation of the tire. On the movable sponge is installed by a motley screw with a wooden, plastic or metal handle.

N. a movable sponge can be installed a quick-release mechanism that allows you to quickly fix the material.F. - Piher's shaped clamps with a special clamping mechanism allow you to fasten materials with a large force to 10,000 N. Double-moving screw protected from dirt.Double-movered threaded screw - the rotational movement turns into a progressive, which prevents the displacement of the billets when they are closed.

To fasten the "delicate" materials that do not require strong clamping efforts, clamps with wooden sponges, on which cork linings are glued. Have a large range of thickness of fastenable materials.

G - shaped clamps - Tire, upper and lower sponge are a single solid-grade construction, a mogly screw is installed on the bottom sponge. The main advantage is the lack of sponge backlash. The lack of data clamp is a small range of thickness of the fastened materials.

Corner clamps - allow you to clamp the parts at right angles. The angular clamp consists of a housing and one or two screw removals, which are installed fifth heels.

Face clamps (clips for edges) - allow you to press the material to the end of the part. According to the design, similar to G - shaped clamps, but have two additional models.

Fast clamps -have various designsThe most common quick-mode clamps consist of a metal tire on which plastic sponges are installed. The movable sponge is pressed using the lever mechanism, you can also rearrange a fixed sponge to the opposite end of the tire and use the clamp as a strut.

Ribbon clamps -clamping design has a ribbon metallic or from synthetic materials And the sword screw which pulls the tape. Ribbon clamps are used for assembly and gluing oval, round and polygonal structures

Clamp for angular connections, Piher A-30, 30mm

Corner clamp, Piher A-30. The thickness of the clamping blanks within the block is from 0mm to 80mm outside the blocks - from 0mm to 27mm. Sponge height - 30mm. Mass - 1.05 kg. Pad material - light cast iron. Screw material - steel. Plastic handle for ease of screw spinning. Production - Piher (Spain)

3 390 P.

Piher Maxi F clamp, F-shaped, 9000N

Piher Maxi F clamps with clamping effort to 9000n (900kg)!Disclosure width - from 20cm to150cm. Mass - from 2kg to 5 kg. Clamping depth - 12cm. Sponges of durable forging cast iron. Powerful tire from rolled steel cross section 35x8mm. Special motion screw is completely protected from external influence. Double-movered threaded screw - the rotational movement turns into a progressive, which prevents the displacement of the billets when they are closed. Hinged removable handle. Psandy sponge Equipped with a roller.Roles for clamping round blanks.Production - Piher (Spain).