Correct speech - how to deliver it. The basics of correct beautiful speech

Nobody, I think, will argue with the fact that the ability to speak beautifully is the most valuable human quality.

A person who speaks competently makes a favorable impression, he often achieves the set goal, he is more successful in his professional activity, it is easier for him to adapt to any life situation.

Correct speech has an almost magical effect. I want to listen and listen to her; and from the other - to close your ears and run away.

Mastering the art of speaking beautifully and competently, unfortunately, is less and less common.

People who think like a masterpiece sometimes do not know how to express themselves as vividly in words. Many people find it difficult to express their thoughts, feelings, to retell something interesting from what they have read, seen, experienced.

But behind the artless speech of such people sometimes there is a magnificent intellect, an interesting personality. But it takes time to recognize this. And time is what we constantly lack.

From here there is only one way - you need and can train your speech. After all, the ability to speak beautifully is not a natural gift, but an acquired skill that can be brought to perfection. Even if you are not going to become a professional speaker, the ability to speak beautifully, to use speech correctly, will be extremely useful both in work and in your daily personal life.

Following some guidelines can significantly improve speech quality.

First, read more. Newspapers, magazines, quality fiction. In this sense, our domestic classics, which we all studied during our school years (or did not study, which is sad), are ideal. Read or re-read the classics! And out loud, not in a hurry. This reading will have a tremendous effect. It will teach you to correct construction words in a sentence will increase vocabulary.

Third, watch your speech rate. It doesn't have to be monotonous. Pause to highlight the main points of the conversation. It should be appropriate and not over-tightened.

Fourth, use in colloquial speech, conversation comparisons, metaphors, figurative expressions, sayings, finally. This will liven up the speech and make it more interesting. And of course, humor is a safe bet. Appropriate self-irony, jokes will add brilliance to your speech. After all, words are only means for transmitting information, and the way you compose them, pronounce them - either sinks into the soul, or not.

Fifth, speak, train your speech as much as possible. This is easy to do if you have a wide social circle. If not, then a TV or radio will help. Pick the TV presenter you like the most and try to emulate him. Repeat aloud (!) Phrases behind him, copying also his voice intonations. It is not easy, but after a while you will certainly see progress. In addition to developing melodic speech, you will replenish your vocabulary.

There is another funny, and only at first difficult exercise. Choose a simple household item like a floor lamp or slippers. Define yourself a time limit in which you will talk about this subject beautifully literary language... At first it will be difficult for 5 minutes to talk about some kind of banal floor lamp. But it will be easier with each workout. By increasing the time limit and complicating the topic, you will soon overcome uncertainty, shyness in front of words, inability to pick them up. As a result, you will be able to enthusiastically talk about your home slippers for an hour without repeating yourself. It is better to do this in a group or with family members, turning the workout into a kind of game. In turn, each becomes both a performer and a listener.

You will not notice how you fall in love with words: you will feel your power over them, they will give you confidence and will serve you.

When replenishing your vocabulary, draw information from everywhere - from books, articles, films. Memorize vivid phrases, phrases, interesting speech patterns. Write them down in a notebook, use them in everyday speech.

Learn the meaning of unfamiliar words, paying attention to the correct stress, practice their pronunciation.

Incorrect pronunciation and inappropriate use of words can make your speech funny, instantly devaluing it. Compose new phrases and sentences yourself. Avoid vocabulary clichés, use verbal imagery.

Ideally, after several months of systematic (!) Training, you will have a melodic, memorable and vivid speech. You easy simple sentences will be able to explain the essence of complex things. Your speech will be like the babbling of a brook. It will flow easily and freely. From now on, such a speech will always and everywhere be with you.

Being fluent in your native language will give you confidence. Moreover, it will change the quality of your life - you will be able to communicate with people without difficulty and fear. You will always be on top!

I wish you prosperity.

Isn't it nice to listen to radio announcers or TV show hosts who have bright, correct speech? It turns out that anyone who is willing to work hard on their sound can become the same speaker. For a beautiful story, you will have to learn the rules of the language in which communication takes place. But simple truths about grammar, vocabulary, phraseology alone will not be enough. What else is missing correct speech? How to make it improve?

Train speech breathing

Good speech (phonation) breathing is the key to the correct placement of pauses in the story, the optimal duration of the spoken phrases. Exercising the muscles of the chest and abdomen increases endurance, energizes and even positively affects vocal performance. One of the most effective exercise this technique is done in this order:

take a comfortable lying position;
relax all muscles, concentrate on your breathing;
try to breathe in so that the chest does not heave - switch to abdominal breathing;
exhale slowly;
repeat the steps until there is a feeling that it has become easier to breathe with the “belly” (and not with the diaphragm).

“Adjust” the volume

The orator speaking from the rostrum speaks loudly, echoingly. In everyday communication, the sound is different - more even, calm. If you reverse the situations, the result is absurdity. No one will hear the quiet rhetorician. The listener, who suddenly began to sharply raise his tone, most likely will not understand such a change and will be offended.

In an ordinary conversation with friends, colleagues, relatives, a softer tone is used, without exaggerating emotions. The story from the stage, on the contrary, sounds a little theatrical, sonorous. How to train your speaking voice:

read prose or dramas in a voice, trying to present the climaxes as brightly and sonorously as possible;
start speaking a long phrase almost in a whisper, and end with practically a shout and vice versa;
try to display the volume of the sounds heard;
experiment with timbre, parody the voices of famous people.

The correct breathing described in the first tip also helps a lot in setting the sound volume.

Follow the pace of speech

The speaker took the stage. He is dressed in a clean, neat suit. On his face is readiness to induce action, decisiveness. Confident gait. The audience holds its breath. Standing at the microphone, the presenter greets the audience. Everything is going according to plan, nothing should get in the way of success.

But the whole process is thwarted by one ill-considered detail..

No, these are not problems in the text of speech, not a sharp breakdown of the microphone. The announcer suddenly begins to speak like a fifth grader who does not like to recite poetry. He chatters, “swallows” the endings of words, often makes a reservation. There is a feeling that he is trying to get rid of the public as soon as possible. And the audience doesn't like it. The listeners do not even understand what the speech is about. The speaker stubbornly ignores the problem.

In fact, everything is simple. Performing is stressful. When a person is nervous, all processes in his body are instantly accelerated. The rate of speech is no exception. How to deal with:

10 minutes before going on stage, start talking very slowly, stretch phrases;
study articulatory gymnastics- it will help you clearly pronounce every word, even in a stressful environment;
during a speech, ask a question to a person from the audience, tune in to the pace of his answer, or better - to an even slower one;
at home, voice the story using a stopwatch and counting how long it takes to play each block. Take a stopwatch or timer with you to the event to check with it.

In everyday life, the temperament of the interlocutor also plays a role. Melancholic people, phlegmatic people love unhurried, long conversations. Choleric people, sanguine people prefer to find out everything as quickly as possible. By catching and adopting the style of conversation from a friend, you can better convey information to him.

Work with intonation

A completely neutral tone is acceptable only in a scientific report. In other situations, conveying emotion improves the story.

The correct change in intonation provides a smooth transition between the semantic blocks of speech, creates an impressive effect of contrast, surprise. The liveliness of the sound affects the audience better than the most reliable facts or arguments. For training the intonation background, as well as for the voice, declamation of works is suitable.

Improve diction

"Chewed", "swallowed", distorted sounds will not adorn either a public speaker or a simple storyteller. Good diction can be achieved in several ways:

pronounce tongue twisters, practice chanting, singing ditties;
pronounce complex bundles of consonants (dbdi-dbde-dbda, rzh-rsh-shr-zhr, skrpo-skpro);
do gymnastics of the speech apparatus;
study dictionaries to identify correct stress in words;
read texts aloud with wine stopper, a ball or stone sandwiched between the front teeth.

You can use these methods separately, but together they will have a much greater effect.

Clear tongue

vulgarisms, rudeness, especially obscene language;
borrowed tokens where the native language can be used;
aimless tautologies - repetitions of the same words or phrases;
inappropriate terms, jargon, professionalism, slang;
inversions - wrong word order.

Wait one and a half seconds before answering

This simple rule solves several problems at once. It allows you to make sure that the interlocutor has finished his remark, which means that he will not be interrupted by the answer. Politeness, knowledge of the rules of etiquette are as important as diction or literacy.

At the same time, a second hitch makes it possible to collect thoughts, start a new phrase clearly, organized, clearly. It only takes one and a half seconds for the brain to start building logical chains. Instant response does not have this advantage. This pause will not be too long, and for the interlocutor, it is quite possible that it will remain completely invisible.

Ask for help

Sometimes it seems like an overwhelming task to cope with a task on your own. It's okay to ask for help in such cases. Who should I turn to?

To friends. You can ask loved ones to listen to everyday conversations or the text of the speech and point out mistakes. Defects of speech, its scarcity, frequent repetitions, departure from the main topic, an insufficiently honed sense of humor - this is what friends or family can identify.

To specialists. Courses in public speaking, culture of speech, diction will help develop communication skills. In addition, visits will allow you to speak beautifully:

personal development coaches (a confident person speaks appropriately);
speech therapist;
neuropathologist (prescribes drugs to improve brain activity, blood circulation);
a psychologist or psychotherapist (as in the example with a coach, only everything is on a deeper level).

To the internet. If you don't feel like paying for success, you can try the YouTube channel option. A large number of bloggers will gather here, who share their “recipes” for improving speaking skills. However, there is a minus - in the speech of these "specialists" sometimes slip serious mistakes... Therefore, it would be better to find the site of a recognized expert and search for videos on his blog. Sometimes online webinars are held on such sites for free.

A good voice recorder can also help. It will be enough to write down your recitation, and then listen to it carefully, identifying errors, and then diligently working them through.

Correct speech is not delivered in minutes. To master the art of communication, you have to practice diligently and daily. However, after the time and effort spent, a decent reward will come. Others will listen to the speaker's stories, greedily “swallowing” every word. The train of thought will speed up. People will start to listen to advice or suggestions more often. A good reputation will be strengthened. Sounding competent is a reliable attribute of success.

Competent speech is a pledge life success... After all, they are judged not only by their clothes, but also by their ability to convey thoughts correctly and write competently. A person who knows how to express his thoughts simply, concisely and clearly, to build sentences correctly is always perceived more positively. The interlocutors, listening to competent speech, automatically assign to a person a completely different, more high level vital competence.

Have you ever lost or did not get a job due to a large number writing errors or needing to clearly explain why you are the right person for the job? The development of competent speech is one of the basic tasks of every self-respecting person. Even if you are not performing in front of an audience, the ability to speak beautifully and understandably is appreciated by everyone. So how to develop competent speech?

Read fiction

Reading quality fiction is hardly a waste of time. In the modern world, we are exposed to a very large flow of information, mainly listening to news or reading them on the Internet. But the web, entertainment reading and business literature cannot replace good books recognized domestic and foreign authors.

Reading novels helps to intuitively cost correct, beautiful sentences, develops a sense of language. Reading fiction, scientific articles in special editions, a person expands his horizons and vocabulary. If you want to make speech more lively, imaginative, read poetry. Highlight the rhythm, metaphor, and speech patterns that you would like to use.

Use dictionaries

Look for new words. If you have heard or read a word whose meaning is unfamiliar to you, feel free to take a dictionary and find out what it means. The origin of words is a very interesting science. What if it becomes one of your hobbies?

In addition to the usual dictionary, there are dictionaries of metaphors, foreign words, special terms, even dictionaries dedicated to a certain science. Use them all and your vocabulary will start to grow rapidly. You can always find the most accurate word and apply it in a conversation.

Play educational games

As you know, children acquire almost all knowledge of the language before the age of seven. A child's literate speech develops with the help of the people around him. There are also many games and techniques to develop your imagination, expand your vocabulary, and learn to speak beautifully.

If possible, listen to yourself from the outside. Take an audio or video recording of your voice. If you are afraid to speak on a dictaphone or get an inaccurate result, ask someone close to you to record you during a normal conversation.

Rate your speech. Competent speech is always clean of all unnecessary things. How accurately have you conveyed your message to others? Was she understandable? Could it have been shorter, clearer, clearer? Are you pauses in the wrong places? Are you building your sentences correctly? Are your thoughts confused, jumping from thought to thought, confusing your listeners?

Watch out for accents. Wrong accents (ringing, jalusi and other tricky words, of which there are many in the Russian language) betray an illiterate and illiterate person. There are two ways out: do not use these words or open the dictionary, textbooks and remember them firmly.

Edit what you write

Written a letter, a message to a friend, a management report, or a feature sketch? Whatever it is - review the text as carefully as possible and try to give it a critical assessment. This is a great speech training. If you practice "cleaning" your writing, you will see results very soon. Besides, Speaking will change significantly too!

When you've written something, try to "switch" to something else (at least go and make yourself a cup of tea), and then return to the text with a "fresh" eye. Imagine that this is someone else's text. Are there any mistakes in it? How accurately is the thought expressed? Do you understand everything as an outside reader? Is it possible to formulate this idea more clearly and concisely?

Correct speech and grammatically correct speech always bright, expressive and understandable. Get rid of words that have no meaning. Often they occupy a third of the text, from which your thought definitely loses. If you can use a simpler and shorter word, use it. You can also try reading it aloud (be sure to do this if preparing the speech you will be giving).

Develop your voice

For communication, not only grammatical and lexically literate speech is important. Correct communication also includes proficiency in the voice. If you have applied all the techniques outlined above, but at the same time express your thoughts in a monotonous voice devoid of any intonation, it will be unpleasant and not very interesting to listen to you.

It's worth developing your voice. Exercise, listen to the speakers and try to repeat after them. Sign up for a public speaking course. Even with a little effort, the results will delight you, and your interlocutors will stop yawning.

Outcomes

Literate speech is not given from birth. You need to work on this constantly, throughout your life. But even if you devote very little effort and time to the development of your speech, reading will become your good habit - more interesting and successful life guaranteed to you.

Unfortunately, not everyone has the gift of eloquence, but this does not mean at all that this skill cannot be developed in oneself. We all know that a person who can speak beautifully can be listened to for hours! And yet, it should be borne in mind that there is a considerable amount various nuances, which are important to take into account when developing the skill of a rich conversational speech.

It is important to breathe correctly when speaking. Surely, listening to the smooth speech of an announcer or some charismatic presenter, you caught yourself thinking that you yourself would like to be able to speak like that. Of course, this can be achieved if speech technique is developed. However, first of all, for this you need to learn how to breathe correctly - deeply, calmly and imperceptibly. Pay attention to the fact that speech breathing differs from normal breathing. It is about a controlled process. As you know, diaphragmatic-costal breathing is considered the most convenient for speech. In this case, inhalation and exhalation are performed using the diaphragm and intercostal muscles. The most capacious part of the lungs (lower) comes into activity. The shoulders and upper chest remain virtually motionless, and you can learn to control your breathing on your own. Place your palm between your stomach and chest - on the diaphragm area. When you breathe in, the abdominal wall rises slightly, Bottom part the chest will expand. Exhalation will be accompanied by a contraction of the muscles of the abdomen and chest. When speaking, the inhalation should be light and short, but the exhalation should be smooth and long (the ratio is about one to ten). When the speech process takes place, the significance of the exhalation increases to a large extent. Before speaking, it is worth taking a quick and deep breath, which is carried out both through the nose and through the mouth. Meanwhile, during speech exhalation, only the mouth is involved. Correct speech breathing can be called the basis of a beautiful sound of the voice. If you breathe incorrectly, it will lead to voice instability. Speak confidently, clearly and clearly When speaking, try to avoid mumbling - speak clearly, clearly and confidently. Practice reading books out loud - do it slowly and with expression, sometimes speed up the topic, but keep speaking with expression. Gradually, you will develop the skill of this manner of conversation and in Everyday life.You need to constantly train gestures and facial expressions. Gestures and facial expressions can be called non-verbal means of speech, which should also be trained. Try talking in front of a camera or a mirror to see if you are gesticulating too much and “out of order”. At times, this can greatly distract the interlocutor from the topic of conversation. It is also important to observe your facial expressions - both an indifferent facial expression and excessive expression of emotions are unacceptable. In the second case, it may just look ugly. Your gestures and facial expressions should look harmonious, smooth and natural, and only sometimes emphasize the meaning of what was said. It is important that the listener still focuses on the meaning of the text, but not on your face or hands.

Nice voice, correct diction and the ability to build beautiful sentences - these are the basics effective communication with people. It's no secret that our voice affects the feelings of the interlocutor, and figurative and literate speech easily reaches his consciousness and convinces. Therefore, it is so important to learn to speak beautifully and competently, correctly and clearly expressing your thoughts.

In everyday life, the ability to speak beautifully will also give you and help you easily solve any problems.

The human voice is a powerful tool in the development of interpersonal relationships. With it, you can work wonders: repel or charm, attract attention, invigorate or lull. As a rule, the gift of eloquence is rarely given to someone by nature, usually there is a lot of work behind it. Therefore, if you want to speak beautifully, so that they want to listen to you, you have to practice.

Below you will find tips and techniques thanks to which you can get rid of the dialect, master the basics oratory and learn to speak beautifully and correctly. First, try recording your voice on a voice recorder. Did you listen, how did you like it? Probably not very ... Stuttering, swallowing endings, unnecessary pauses and many other unpleasant moments are noticeable. Now it is clear what needs to be changed and what to work on to gain beautiful speech... So let's get started.

Speech technique

It is divided into four subsections:

1. Breathing
The key to successful communication is impeccably delivered deep diaphragm breathing. This must be learned in order to reduce the pressure on the speech apparatus, then the voice is deep and sounds beautiful. Many breathe shallowly, while the voice weakens, acquires a hoarse hue, becomes dissonant, gets tired quickly and sometimes even sits down.
When you are able to breathe properly, you will have a healthy glow on your cheeks and improve your overall well-being.

2. Diction
Good diction is the first condition for good speech. When you eat endings or sounds, speech sounds unintelligible. This happens due to the lethargy and stiffness of the lips. Because of this, burr, lisp and lisp appears. Speaking beautifully means pronouncing each word fluently, opening your mouth well for clear pronunciation. It is necessary to learn not to pronounce phrases too quickly or quickly, since the speed of thinking of your interlocutor may differ from yours, and it will seem to him that you are speaking indistinctly.

3. Voice
And again breathing, because this is the basis of the sonority of the voice. To put a voice, you need to learn how to breathe with a diaphragm and understand how to use resonators correctly. Sometimes you notice when you communicate a lot, your voice sits down, becomes hoarse, a sore throat appears, it becomes difficult for you to speak, and you lower your tone. But it can be made strong, sonorous, flexible, with a wide range of sound. But for this you will need to improve your speech technique, strengthen it and develop it.

4. Orthoepy
This science studies the laws and rules of correct pronunciation. Deviation from the rules leads to problems in communication, the listener ceases to understand what you are saying to him and does not perceive the information that you want to convey to him. Take a little time for spelling and your ability to express your thoughts beautifully, correctly placing emphasis even in difficult words, will definitely be appreciated by those around you.

Important! Before you start doing speech development exercises, do some exercises. Exercise improves blood circulation, warms up muscles, relieves physical and emotional tightness, relaxes the forearms, shoulders and neck, and all muscles that affect the voice.

Exercises:

head tilts in different directions, head rotation in a circle;
swings and circular movements with hands;
turn and tilt the body in different directions, drawing circles with the hips.

After charging, you need to lie down on the mat and relax. Imagine a beautiful landscape, feel the light breeze, feel how the sun warms you and you breathe in the fresh air deeply.
You are now ready to practice.

Learning to breathe correctly

If you want to communicate beautifully and for a long time, so that the voice sounds and does not break out, you just need to learn how to include a diaphragm in the sound production process. It is located in the solar plexus region.
To get started, practice maintaining your posture using the wall exercise, doing it every day for 5 minutes for several weeks. Press your back against the wall with your whole body from head to toe. Inhale through your nose, exhale through your mouth. 6 very deep breaths. Inhale at 1,2,3,4 and exhale at 5,6,7.8. Then walk around the house with different speed, while the position of the back should remain unchanged. Tell yourself more often: “I am brave and decisive!”, To these words of conviction, your body will react with a straight back automatically.

Diaphragm breathing exercises

The ability to express yourself beautifully is only half the battle. You probably noticed that you want to listen to some people, but not to others, albeit very smart ones. What is the matter then? You will be surprised, but in fact, it is not what the person says, but how he does it that matters. A pleasant timbre, correct abdominal breathing and the ability to pronounce phrases with different intonations can turn even the most boring speech into a fascinating show. Below are 3 exercises that will help you master your voice.

Candle- trains a slow breath. Imagine that you are blowing on a candle, if it is difficult to imagine, then light a real one. Concentrate your attention on your stomach. Exhale slowly, try to keep the light tilted.

Stubborn candle- take a deep breath, hold your breath a little, and then abruptly and forcefully begin to blow, trying to put in several such energetic exhalations in one breath.

Extinguishing 10 candles- the principle, as in the previous exercise, only increase the number of candles from 3 to 10, spending less and less air to blow out the candles, and the amount of air inhaled, leaving the same.
After a few weeks of these exercises, you will notice how your diaphragm breathing has become automatic.

We put the voice

In order for your voice to be spacious and sound beautiful, you need to learn how to use the upper (skull, mouth and nose) and lower (chest) resonator systems. Breathe in shallowly from your stomach ten times. Take a short inhale and exhale slowly. And you can start exercising.

Moan- do not forget about posture. Say the M sound with closed lips. Pronounce it as you exhale, do not strain. Now start changing the position of your head while making the same sound. Gradually, you will begin to feel vibration in the upper resonator. Having mastered the sound "M", start attaching other vowels: oh-a-and-y-y, so that they sound like “mmmm-e-mmm-o-mmm-a-mmm-and-mmm-u-mmm-s ". When you have mastered this practice too, move on to the continuous pronunciation of different variations of these sounds.

Tongue Twisters... Pronouncing tongue twisters is a really great way to hone your speech and master the art of speaking beautifully, pronouncing each letter clearly. Try to say the phrase: "aground, .. aground, aground, .. aground, aground, aground," while rubbing your forehead. We do the same with the words “we are lazy” - rubbing the nasal cartilage, “we caught burbot” - rubbing our cheeks.

Beep- straight posture, lips with a tube, as you exhale, pronounce the sound "U". Next, combine it with other vowel sounds. The main thing is not to change the position of the lips.

Poetry- read them aloud and with intonation using the middle tone. At the end of each line, inhale and pronounce the line as you exhale. I recommend on the Internet to find the poem "Reading Rules", which was written by A.V. Pryanishnikov. It is ideal for correct execution this exercise.

We train diction

First, do a warm-up with the speech apparatus. Perform all these exercises 5-7 times.

We close the mouth and relax. Say the sound "Y" a couple of times, pulling out oooooo. Now A, slowly opening his mouth vertically, no more than 3 centimeters.
Show your teeth. Squeeze your jaws and stretch your lips in an unnatural smile.
Fold your lips in a tube, jaws closed. Make circular motions with your lips up and down, from left to right. With the tip of the tongue we touch the lower row of teeth, open the mouth no wider than 3 cm. Now lift it to the upper palate, then to the left-right cheeks.

Now you can do articular gymnastics.

Speak the vowels on one exhale, trying to use all the muscles: I-E-A-O-U-S. Gradually increase the speed of pronunciation and put several chords in one exhalation. After you master this link, start experimenting with others.
Do the same with vowel sounds, substituting consonants for them. Example: Bi, ba, bo…. , bbc ..., bbbb .., bip, bp ..., then with the sound P, TD, KG, FV, M, N, L, R. GBdi .., Bdgi .., Ftki .., Mi-mi .., Mrli ... Do the same with whistling and hissing sounds S, W, F, W, Sh: Si-zis .., Zissi .., Zdi .., Sti .. etc. By connecting them into groups and combining them.
And also read as many tongue twisters as possible, they will perfectly help you to work out the vocal apparatus.

Orthoepy

Studying science, a set of rules for normative literary pronunciation, stress in words, the beauty and sound of speech, as well as the rules for articulating sounds and phrases. Since the rules in spelling are countless, if you want to speak beautifully, pronouncing words correctly, you need to refer to the relevant literature.

We work with speech

You need to be able to correctly put intonation in your speech, in order to learn this, it is best to practice on expressive reading aloud literary texts recording on a dictaphone. Listen, analyze how correct it is, correct the shortcomings and read again. Do the same with an article from a newspaper, technical literature, or any other source. Bring life and brightness to your voice - start speaking correctly!