Do-it-yourself electronic lock with an access card. Installing an electronic lock with your own hands. Installing a patch electronic lock

This project is modular, i.e. you can connect / disconnect different elements and get different functionality... The pictures above show the option with full functionality, namely:

Locking mechanism... Serves for OPENING and CLOSING the door. This project covers the use of three different mechanisms:
- Servo. There are big ones, there are small ones. Very compact and with a heavy bolt is a great option
- Electric drive of the car door lock. A big and powerful thing, but it eats just insane currents
- Solenoid latch. A good option as it slams itself
In the firmware settings, you can select any of three types (setting lock_type)
Button inside... Serves for OPENING and CLOSING the door from the inside. Can be placed on the door handle (palm side or finger side), on the door itself, or on the jamb
Button outside... Serves for CLOSING the door, as well as for AWAKENING from energy saving. Can be placed on the door handle (palm side or finger side), on the door itself, or on the jamb
End stop to close the door. Serves to automatically close the lock when the door is closed. They can be:
- Tact button
- Hall sensor + magnet on the door itself
- Reed switch + magnet on the door itself
Secret access reset button... Serves to reset the password / enter a new password / memorize a new key / combination, etc. May be hidden somewhere in the case
Light-emitting diode to indicate work. RGB LED, use red and green colors(when mixed, they give yellow):
- Lights up green - the lock is OPEN. Burns so as not to forget to close the door
- Solid yellow - the system has woken up and is awaiting password entry
- Blinking red - the battery is dead

Any of these elements can be excluded from the system:

We remove the limit switch. In the firmware in the settings, we also disable it (setting tail_button). Now to close the lock, you need to press the button
We remove the outer button. In the firmware in the settings, we also disable it (setting wake_button). Now the system does not need to be woken up, it wakes up by itself (energy consumption is slightly higher). And also we no longer have a close button on the front of the door, and we need a limit switch. Either the lock is the heck
We remove the inner button. This option is suitable for cabinets and safes. You don't need to change anything in the settings
We remove the LED. You don't need to change anything in the settings
The access reset button can be unsoldered after the first use, or you can rewrite the code for yourself

Door closed, pressed OUTSIDE - wake up, wait for password / RFID tag / electronic key / fingerprint
The door is closed, the system has woken up, waiting for the password to be entered. The time can be adjusted (setting sleep_time)
The door is closed, a password / tag / key is entered, etc. - open
Door closed, pressed INSIDE - open
Door open, pressed OUT - close
Door open, pressed INSIDE - close
The door is open, the END is pressed - close

The lock provides for battery operation in low power saving mode (turn on turn off: setting sleep_enable), namely:

Wake up every few seconds, monitor the EVENT (optional if there is no button outside. You can enable it in the setting wake_button)
Every few minutes, monitor the voltage of Akum (on / off setting battery_monitor)
If Akum is discharged (voltage is set in the setting bat_low):
- open the door (optional, can be configured in the firmware open_bat_low)
- prohibit further opening and closing
- when the buttons are pressed, blink red LED
- stop monitoring the EVENT (i.e. enter password / tag, etc.)

When the system is awake, press the change password button (hidden button). We fall into password change mode:
Enter the password from numbers ( MAXIMUM 10 FIGURES !!!)

When you press *, the password is saved in memory and the system exits from changing the password
When you press #, the password is reset (you can enter it again)
If you do not press anything for 10 seconds, we will automatically exit the password change mode, the password will remain old

When the system is awake (woke up by buttons or sleep is disabled), press * to enter the password entry mode
If the system sleeps and periodically wakes up to check the EVENT, then press * and hold until the red LED lights up
Password input mode:

Password processing is done in such a way that the correct password is counted only when the correct sequence of numbers is typed, that is, if the password is 345, then any numbers can be entered until the sequence 345 appears, i.e. 30984570345 will open the lock as it ends in 345.
If the password is entered correctly, the door will open
If you do not press anything, after 10 seconds the system will return to normal (standby) mode
If you press #, we will immediately exit the password entry mode
If you press the secret button for changing the password in the password input mode, then we will also exit it

Every owner of a residential or office space dreams of reliable protection of his property. The best way this problem is handled by an electronic lock on front door, in which there is no keyhole, which means that it is almost impossible to pick up a tool for breaking.

Standard complete set of electronic lock

Locks with electronic control consist of several elements, as a rule, included in the package of the device when it is purchased. The main elements are:

locking device. Can be installed inside door leaf(mortise lock) or on the surface of the door (patch lock). The locking mechanism consists of a body, inside which there are crossbars that hold the door in a closed position and an electric motor with which the crossbars are set in motion. The body of the lock can provide for the possibility of installing a door handle;

striker plate to be installed on door jamb and necessary to hold the crossbars in the closed position;

Control block. The block consists of a device that processes signals for opening and closing the locking mechanism and a controller, which is used to control the lock, independently encode keys and combine the constituent parts of the mechanism into a single system. Batteries are built into the control unit, ensuring the operation of the lock in the event of a power outage;

the unit is connected to a constant power supply (electrical outlet) with a power adapter.

a device for reading information from a key. Electronic locks can be biometric or built-in invisible locks. Electronic combination lock opens when typing a code on the panel. The biometric lock is set in motion by recognizing a fingerprint or retina. The invisible lock can be opened from the signal transmitted by the key fob, card, cell phone etc.

a set of keys (key chains, cards).

mounting bolts in different sizes.

Additionally, the electronic lock can be equipped with a door closer that allows the door to open and close smoothly, which increases the service life of the locking mechanism and is connected to an intercom, which allows the door to be opened remotely.

Installing an electronic lock

By the method of installation, electronic locks are divided into two types:

overhead devices;
mortise devices.

Overhead locks are installed on the surface of the door leaf, and mortise locks are installed inside the door.

Installing a patch electronic lock

Surface locks are mainly installed on metal doors, on the gate or.

To install a patch electronic lock, you will need:

marker, pencil, tape measure, corner. This set of tools is required to mark the plane of the door at the installation site of the main mechanism;
electric drill with a set of different drills;
screwdriver.

The first stage of installation begins with the installation of the locking mechanism. To do this, a number of actions are performed:

in the selected place (most often the locks are installed at a distance of 90 - 110 cm from the floor level), markings are applied to the door leaf. In this case, the locations of the locking mechanism body and the attachment points are indicated on the door;

The markings on the door can be done by attaching the lock case to the door leaf or by pre-drawing the layout of the device.

the marked holes for the fasteners are drilled. In this case, the diameter of the drills used must correspond to the diameter of the fastening bolts;

a through hole is drilled in the door to connect the device body and the reading mechanism;
in the marked area, the lock body is installed and fixed.

The second stage of installation is the installation of the strike plate, that is, the device for which the locking bolts will be held. Installation of the striker plate is carried out in the same way as the installation of the housing according to the plan:

markings are made on the door jamb. When determining the location of the plank area, the location of the lock must be taken into account. It is most advisable to close the main mechanism and mark the location of the crossbars. It is also required to indicate the attachment points of the device;
holes for fastening bolts are drilled;
the striker is fixed.

The crossbars should smoothly enter the striker. Stiff entry and excessive friction are not allowed.

The third stage of installing the lock with your own hands is to install a reader and other necessary equipment. In this case, you must be guided by the following rules:

the reader is installed on the outer side of the door, and as close as possible to the lock, since in the case of contact opening, this mechanism must be wired to the locking device;
the control unit, which is connected to the mains adapter, is located near the constant power supply inside the room;
It is advisable to place the connecting wires in specialized boxes or corrugated hoses. This will help protect the appliances from moisture and give the door an aesthetic appearance.

An example of installing an overhead electronic lock is detailed in the video.

Installation of a mortise electronic lock

Installing an electronic lock by cutting into the door is somewhat more difficult, since it is necessary to drill special niches for the body and striker in the door leaf and the jamb, respectively. For the formation of niches, the following scheme is provided:

door leaf . This contributes to increased convenience when carrying out work;
the dimensions of the niche are marked, which should be 2 - 3 mm larger than the dimensions of the lock;
using a drill, chisel, hammer or other equipment, a part of the door leaf and the jamb is removed;
irregularities after work are cleaned.

How to connect an electronic lock

After the lock case is installed on the door and all necessary equipment, you can start connecting it. In most cases, the device connection diagram is included in the lock kit. If there is no diagram, then you can follow the instructions below:

the control unit contains a controller, to which all equipment must be connected: a locking mechanism, a reader, and so on. For this are used electrical cables supplied with the lock;
locking device connects to the opening code reader;
then all the components of the system are connected to the corresponding terminals of the controller;

the power adapter is connected;
the operability of the mechanism is checked.

If you cannot connect the electronic lock on your own, then it is more advisable to seek help from specialists.

Electronic locks are among the most reliable locking mechanisms. A significant drawback of devices is the impossibility of correct operation of the lock without impact electric current... For this reason, it is recommended to install two locks on the front door, one of which is electronic and the other mechanical.

Electric locks are modern locking devices that operate under the influence of an electric current. Installation of electric locks in most cases is done by professionals, but all work can be done on your own. For installation and connection, a minimum set of tools is required, a large number of attention and maximum accuracy.

Additional devices for electric locks

The device of the electric lock depends on its type. Currently, there are:

electromechanical locks;
electromagnetic locks.

Electromechanical lock composition

Combines the functions of a simple mechanical shutter and an electric actuator.

Electric door lock with mechanical opening function consists of:

the body of the device in which the electric motor is installed, the larva for opening with a key and locking bolts;
strike plate;
a set of keys;
additional electrical wires;
fasteners;
instructions describing how to install the electric lock.

It is advisable to install electromechanical locks indoors or additionally protect them from moisture with covers.

Composition of the electromagnetic lock

Keeps the door in a closed position using a magnetic field that occurs due to the supply of electric current, that is, powerful magnet, located in one part of the lock, holds the metal bar on the counterpart of the mechanism.

Upon purchase, such a device includes:

magnet, which is a separate part of the lock;
reciprocal metal bar attracted by a magnet;
corner for attaching the main unit;
fasteners;
additional wires;
instructions detailing how to connect the electric lock.

Electromagnetic locks are less whimsical than electromechanical. The devices can be used without additional protection both indoors and outdoors.

Additional equipment for any type of electric locks

Installation of electric locks on the door or is impossible without additional equipment, which includes:

a controller that controls the electric lock and is located in a special block;

a source uninterruptible power supply, which is required for the operation of the device during periods of power outages. The electric lock can be powered from electrical outlet or batteries located in this unit. The batteries are charged from the power adapter;

reader of code information from a key fob or card, which is located on the outside of the door;

door opener from the inside. The electric lock on the front door can be equipped with this device for additional convenience of users.

If the owner wishes, the electric lock on the wicket can be equipped with an intercom with the function of autonomous opening from the living quarters. In this case, you do not have to go out every time to let the visitors in.

Another additional device - a door closer - is installed at the request of the user. Doors equipped with door closers operate smoothly, without vibration when closed, which contributes to a reduction in the life of the lock.

Kit additional devices is determined by the need (controller and power supply) and the wishes of the user.

Installation of an electric lock

Do-it-yourself electric lock installation different ways depending on the type of device and its location.

If the locking mechanism needs to be installed on the door, mortise locks are predominantly used.

If a locking device is required to fix the wicket, then overhead locks are used.

Installation of an electric lock on the front door

How to put an electric lock on the front door? This will require:

drill with various attachments for drilling holes for fastening elements of the lock and additional equipment;
screwdriver for secure fixation of connecting elements;
chisel, hammer. Necessary for arranging an internal niche in wooden structures;
boxes or other devices for protection electrical wires from mechanical damage and moisture ingress, as well as to give the room an aesthetic appearance.

You can embed the electric lock with your own hands according to the following scheme:

mark the area for installing the lock on the door leaf and mark the attachment points of the device;

Correct markup is a pledge correct installation and the smooth operation of the castle.

remove part of the door leaf and drill holes for connecting bolts;
install the lock in the niche and securely fix the device;
mark the area under the striker on the door jamb;
remove part of the jamb in the same way;
install and secure the striker;
install additional equipment;

The power supply is located near the power source. It is more advisable to install the controller on the wall next to the door so that the equipment does not interfere with the passage and opening of the door.

stretch and remove all connecting wires into the boxes;
connect all mechanisms. The electric lock connection diagram is included in the kit;
connect the circuit to the power supply;
check the functionality.

If errors or deficiencies are found, they should be eliminated and / or corrected, since the operation of the lock will be incorrect.

The process of installing a mortise lock is described in detail in the video.

Installation of an electric lock on a wicket

To install an electric lock on a wicket, in addition to the above equipment, you will need:

Bulgarian;
welding machine.

This equipment is required for installation shaped pipes on which the lock will be attached.

You can install the lock, guided by the following instructions:

if necessary, in the area where the lock is installed, mount a frame made of shaped pipes. How to do this correctly will help to understand the electric lock diagram attached to the equipment set, on which all the dimensions of the device are marked;
markup for further installation. It is necessary to mark the places of fasteners and through holes required for the installation of system elements;
install and secure the lock;

in the same way, mount the strike plate and the additional equipment provided for by the design;
connect the electric lock according to the attached diagram;
install a protective casing over the lock;
check the correctness of the device. If necessary, correct the shortcomings.

Installation of electric locks is carried out according to the diagrams attached to the device. In order for the mechanism to work correctly and to be used for a long period of time, the entire installation process must be carried out with utmost clarity and increased attention.

We have replenishment of the section useful homemade products for home: do-it-yourself invisible invisible lock.

Thieves have learned to open a mechanical lock of any complexity long ago. It is more difficult with a combination lock, but they find ways to bypass all its secrets.

However, the lock can be opened only if the location of the unlocking device is known, for example, a keyhole, a keypad for a door, etc.

Realizing this, invisible locks were developed without a keyhole and keys, where the unlocking devices are made in the form of coded or infrared key fobs, GPS radio telephones, etc.

It seemed - would be impossible to open such a lock. However, they do.

For example, they scan the keyfob code with special devices. We learned how to do everything, even rob ATMs by reading the bank card code.

In all these systems, there is a common drawback: the device (key, key fob, etc.) is concentrated in one place, having determined which, the thief opens the lock.

Finding the key is not a problem for him, picking up the code too, the key fob can be scanned.

The proposed lock differs from the known ones in that the unlocking elements of the lock (hereinafter referred to as keys) are spaced, duplicated many times and the lock can be opened only when all keys are activated.

Since the keys can be spaced a considerable distance, this lock is especially convenient for summer cottages, where thieves often hunt.

One of the keys can be located, for example, in a freestanding toilet. It would never occur to anyone that having visited the toilet, a person opened the house.

I can hardly imagine how such a lock can be opened without knowing the number, the principle of operation of the spaced keys and their location, especially since the lock itself with outside the door is not visible.

Design and principle of operation

The lock (Fig. 1) consists of a body 1, which houses an electric motor 2 direct current DPR 42 12v. 2500 rpm, which is connected by a screw 5 with a crossbar 3.

The pitch of the screw thread is 0.3 ... 0.5 mm. The bolt moves 20 mm at the rated engine speed. in one to two seconds.

The lock closes and opens with a simple click.

There is an annular groove on the crossbar, into which balls 8 fall when it moves. The balls serve as a transmission link between the crossbar and microswitches 6 and 7. The microswitches are designed to stop the engine. When the next ball enters the groove, the corresponding switch turns off the engine. The distance between the switches determines the movement of the bolt. Pin 4 prevents the deadbolt from rotating.

Fig. 1

The lock control is shown in Fig. 2. The lock is open as in Figure 1.

Legend: P - 12V relay. with two changeover contacts kP1 and kP2. Bell button K5. Microswitches K2 and K3 working in antiphase. When one is on, the other is off.

Electric motor M. Tumbler K4. Reed switch GK. Blocking contact K1. circuits - 12v.

Closing the lock

To close the lock, you must close the door tightly. In this case, the previously open, blocking contact K1 closes (Fig. 3)

Fig. 3

Contact K1, these are two metal plates, fixed on the door and one closing on the door frame. (Fig. 4).

The contact prevents the possibility of closing the lock with open or not tightly closed. After closing the door, press the K5 button located on the outside of the door. In this case, relay P is triggered, flips contacts KP1 and KP2 to the position shown in Figure 3 and turns on the engine M.

After one to two seconds, the engine will move the deadbolt to the position shown in Figure 5 and open contact K3. Relay P will be de-energized, contacts KP1 and KP2 will take a neutral position and turn off the engine. Fig. 6. The lock will be closed.

Rice. 5

After closing the lock, button 5 is disabled by contact K3. Any manipulations with this button, which may interest a thief, long presses or even wire breaks will not interfere with opening the lock and repairing the damage.

Fig. 6

Opening the castle

To open the lock, you need to connect (short-circuit) the points of the circuit A and B (Fig. 7).

Fig. 7

This can be done in various ways. For example, turn on the contact of the K4 toggle switch and bring the magnet to the main switch. (Fig. 7).

The reed switch can be hidden under the door trim. Or use a regular lighting as K4. If you screw in the lamp, the circuit will close. There are many options. There is a wide field for imagination. Only one thing is important. It is necessary to spread the keys (serially connected elements) further away and, if possible, mask them.

The lock opening phase is shown in Figure 7. After the engine is turned on, the bolt moved to the open state (Figure 1) will open the K2 contact and turn off the motor.

Fig. 8

The door can now be opened by opening contact K1. The circuit returned to its initial state (Fig. 2). By closing the door and pressing K5, you can close the door again according to the algorithm described above.

Note

For correct work of the lock, the direction of rotation of the motor must be consistent with the direction of the thread of the screw 5. For the right-hand thread, in the phase of opening the lock, the motor must rotate counterclockwise when viewed from the shaft side.

Each person thinks about the safety and security of their own property. For this, it is important to choose a high-quality locking device. Many people choose an electric lock that meets any requirement and is considered a reliable device. However, the price of such a product is higher than that of mechanical counterparts. Therefore, not every person is ready to shell out a large sum for the purchase and installation of an electrical structure.

The simplest electric lock design available for self-made and installation

There is a way out of the situation - this is a homemade electromechanical lock. The do-it-yourself electrical version guarantees reliable protection, as well as cost savings, which is important. At the same time, making an electric lock is easy. It is enough to decide on the model and adhere to a number of recommendations.

Attention! One of the main advantages is considered to be the absence of the need to go outside to open the door. Electrical construction works in automatic mode, and its mechanical component guarantees manual opening as needed. A card or an ordinary version is used as a key.

How does an electromechanical structure work?

The principle of opening an electromechanical device is based on the use of a solenoid. It goes like this:

Voltage is applied to the solenoid contacts.
Then the spring clip is released.
The working bolt enters the lock due to the action of the spring on it.
The lock opens.

To close the lock, the process is carried out in reverse order... From inside the room, the mechanism is acted upon by means of a special button or by means of a control mechanism. The lock opens mechanically from the outside. For this, a special key is used.

Installed electric lock for gates or wickets

How to choose the right product?

Choosing an electromechanical lock is easy. To do this, take into account some of the features. The first thing that pays attention to is the type of mechanism. It can be overhead or mortise. In this case, the appearance of the product is similar to the mechanical design.

Also pay attention to the moment on which side the product is mounted. In accordance with this, designs are left-handed and right-handed. It is worth considering the preferred method of unlocking and locking, as well as the specifics of the process. The following design options are distinguished:

Electroblocking.
Motor.
Solenoid.
Electro-latch.

If the lock was purchased or made by hand, it's time to start installing. It is better if the work is entrusted to an experienced professional in his field. But if desired, they do everything with their own hands.

Components of a high-quality electric lock required for installation

It is important to remember that from correctness installation works, the safety of use directly depends. The complexity of the installation is determined by the selected locking element. The overhead product is easier to mount. The algorithm of work in this case is as follows:

Markings are made on the wicket or door leaf. It involves determining the locations where the fasteners are located. Use an ordinary pencil.
Holes are drilled in the canvas in accordance with the markings, which are used to install fasteners.
Mount the locking device and fix it carefully.
Install a striker.
Check the correct functioning of the element and, if necessary, correct the position.

This completes the installation of the overhead electromechanical structure. The mortise mechanism has a complex installation, but you can cope with it yourself. The algorithm in this case is reduced to the following stages:

Marking is performed on the end part of the door leaf. To do this, apply a lock, circle it, taking into account the holes for the fasteners.
Next, a special niche is cut out in metal structure... It turns out a special "pocket".
A lock case is installed in it.
The attachment points of the device are marked on the canvas and cut out.
After the holes are made, the lock case is secured. Use ordinary self-tapping screws for this.
Additional structural elements and a square rod are placed in specially prepared holes.
Marking and installation of the striker.
Perform a functional check of the product.

Electromechanical lock with electronic and manual opening

Attention! Checking the operation of the device comes down to assessing the quality of the electrical part. It is important to make sure that the lock and striker are mounted at the same height. The crossbars of the lock should enter the holes prepared on them without subsidence or "clinging". Only in this case they talk about correct installation work.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Electromechanical Design

Do-it-yourself electromechanical products have advantages and disadvantages. The main advantages include:

High reliability.
Burglary resistance. Without the presence of electricity and a key, it will not be possible to open the mechanism. The electromagnetic structure is vulnerable in this regard.
Durability of service.
Simplicity and high speed renovation works if necessary.
Availability of backup battery, which is convenient during operation.
Possibility to supplement the product with a special source additional food... This will improve the reliability of the device.
It is possible to combine the product with other security systems, including an intercom.

There are also some disadvantages. First, the likelihood of malfunctions in the process of functioning. They become possible in cases where moisture gets into the product or low temperature air. In general, these shortcomings have been practically resolved to date. This is done by installing protective housings and auxiliary elements, which has a positive effect on the operation of the product.

Simple construction do-it-yourself electromechanical lock on the gate

A simple and high-quality do-it-yourself electromechanical lock is a feasible task for every person. There are no difficulties in this, so you can safely do everything yourself. It will also allow you to be proud of your own skills and abilities. The electromechanical design will ensure the reliability and protection of the home, as well as the comfort of use. Now you don't have to go outside to open the door.