"I remember wonderful moment…" Alexander Pushkin

I remember a wonderful moment ...
I remember a wonderful moment:
You appeared before me
Like a fleeting vision
Like a genius pure beauty.

In the languor of hopeless sadness
In the worries of a noisy bustle,
A gentle voice sounded to me for a long time
And dreamed of cute features.

The years passed. Rebellious gust of storms
Dispelled old dreams
And I forgot your gentle voice
Your heavenly features.

In the wilderness, in the gloom of imprisonment
My days dragged on quietly
Without a deity, without inspiration,
No tears, no life, no love.

Awakening has come to the soul:
And here you are again,
Like a fleeting vision
Like a genius of pure beauty.

And my heart beats in rapture
And for him they were resurrected again
And deity and inspiration,
And life, and tears, and love.

Analysis of Pushkin's poem "I remember a wonderful moment"

One of the most famous lyric poems by Alexander Pushkin "I remember a wonderful moment ..." was created in 1925, and has a romantic background. It is dedicated to the first beauty of St. Petersburg, Anna Kern (nee Poltoratskaya), whom the poet first saw in 1819 at a reception at the house of her aunt, Princess Elizabeth Olenina. A passionate and temperamental person by nature, Pushkin immediately fell in love with Anna, who by that time was married to General Yermolai Kern and was raising a daughter. Therefore, the laws of decency of secular society did not allow the poet to openly express his feelings to the woman to whom he was introduced just a few hours ago. In his memory, Kern remained "a fleeting vision" and "a genius of pure beauty."

In 1825, fate brought Alexander Pushkin and Anna Kern together again. This time - in the Trigorsk estate, not far from which was the village of Mikhailovskoye, where the poet was exiled for anti-government poetry. Pushkin not only recognized the one who captivated his imagination 6 years ago, but also opened up to her in his feelings. By that time, Anna Kern broke up with her "soldier-husband" and led a rather free lifestyle, which caused condemnation in secular society... Her endless romances were legendary. However, Pushkin, knowing this, was nevertheless convinced that this woman was an example of purity and piety. After the second meeting, which made an indelible impression on the poet, Pushkin wrote his poem "I remember a wonderful moment ...".

The work is a hymn to female beauty, which, according to the poet, is able to inspire a man to the most reckless exploits. In six short quatrains, Pushkin managed to fit the whole story of his acquaintance with Anna Kern and convey the feelings that he experienced at the sight of a woman who long years captivated his imagination. In his poem, the poet admits that after the first meeting "I sounded a gentle voice for a long time and dreamed of cute features." However, by the will of fate, youthful dreams remained in the past, and "storms, a rebellious gust dispelled the old dreams." For six years of separation, Alexander Pushkin became famous, but at the same time, he lost the taste of life, noting that he had lost the sharpness of feelings and inspiration that was always inherent in the poet. The last straw in the sea of ​​disappointment was the link to Mikhailovskoye, where Pushkin was deprived of the opportunity to shine in front of grateful listeners - the owners of neighboring landowners' estates took little interest in literature, preferring hunting and drinking.

Therefore, it is not surprising when, in 1825, General Kern came to the Trigorskoye estate with her elderly mother and daughters, Pushkin immediately went to the neighbors with a courtesy visit. And he was rewarded not only with a meeting with the "genius of pure beauty", but also awarded her favor. Therefore, it is not surprising that the last stanza of the poem is filled with genuine delight. He notes that "the deity, and inspiration, and life, and a tear, and love have been resurrected again."

Nevertheless, according to historians, Alexander Pushkin interested Anna Kern only as a fashionable poet, fanned by the glory of disobedience, the price of which this freedom-loving woman knew very well. Pushkin himself misinterpreted the signs of attention from the one that turned his head. As a result, a rather unpleasant explanation occurred between them, which dotted all the "i" s in the relationship. But even despite this, Pushkin dedicated many more delightful poems to Anna Kern, for many years considering this woman, who dared to challenge the moral foundations of high society, as his muse and deity, before whom he admired and admired, despite gossip and gossip.

A.S. Pushkin, like any poet, was very keenly worried about the feeling of love. All his experiences, sensations poured out on a sheet of paper in wonderful verses. All facets of feeling can be seen in his lyrics. The work "I remember a wonderful moment" can be called a textbook example love lyrics poet. Probably, any person can easily recite at least the first quatrain of the famous poem by heart.

In fact, the poem "I remember a wonderful moment" is a story of one love. The poet in a beautiful form conveyed his feelings about several meetings, in this case about two of the most significant, he was able to touchingly and sublimely convey the image of the heroine.

The poem was written in 1825, and in 1827 it was published in the almanac "Northern Flowers". The publication was carried out by a friend of the poet - A. A. Delvig.

In addition, after the publication of the work of A.S. Pushkin, various musical interpretations of the poem began to appear. So, in 1839 M.I. Glinka created the romance "I remember a wonderful moment ..." on the verses of A.S. Pushkin. The reason for writing the romance was Glinka's meeting with Anna Kern's daughter, Catherine.

Who is it dedicated to?

The poem by A.S. Pushkin to the niece of the President of the Academy of Arts Olenin - Anna Kern. For the first time, the poet saw Anna in Olenin's house in St. Petersburg. This was in 1819. At that time, Anna Kern was married to a general and did not pay attention to the young graduate of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. But that same graduate was fascinated by the beauty of the young woman.

The second meeting of the poet with Kern happened in 1825, it was this meeting that prompted the writing of the work "I remember a wonderful moment." Then the poet was in exile in the village of Mikhailovskoye, and Anna came to the neighboring estate of Trigorskoye. They were having fun and carefree time. Later, Anna Kern and Pushkin were tied more friendly relations... But those moments of happiness and delight were forever imprinted in the lines of Pushkin's work.

Genre, size, direction

The work belongs to love lyrics. The author reveals the feelings and emotions of the lyric hero, who recalls the best moments of his life. And they are associated with the image of the beloved.

By genre, this is a love message. “… You appeared in front of me…” - the hero turns to his “genius of pure beauty”, she became a consolation and happiness for him.

For this work, A.S. Pushkin chooses iambic pentameter and cross-type rhyme. With the help of these means, a sense of the story is conveyed. We seem to see and hear a lyric hero who is leisurely telling his story.

Composition

The circular composition of the piece is based on an antithesis. The poem is divided into six quatrains.

1. The first quatrain tells about a "wonderful moment" when the hero first saw the heroine.
2. Then, in contrast, the author draws hard, gray days without love, when the image of his beloved gradually began to fade from memory.
3. But in the finale, the heroine appears to him again. Then “life, tears, and love” resurrect in his soul again.

Thus, the work is framed by two wonderful encounters of heroes, a moment of charm and enlightenment.

Images and symbols

The lyrical hero in the poem "I remember a wonderful moment ..." represents a man whose life changes as soon as an invisible feeling of attraction to a woman appears in his soul. The hero does not live without this feeling, he exists. Only a beautiful image of pure beauty can fill his being with meaning.

All sorts of symbols are encountered in the work. For example, the image-symbol of the storm, as the personification of everyday adversity, of everything that the lyrical hero had to endure. The image-symbol "the darkness of confinement" refers us to the real basis of this poem. We understand that it is talking about the link of the poet himself.

And the main symbol is the "genius of pure beauty". This is something incorporeal, beautiful. Thus, the hero elevates and spiritualizes the image of the beloved. Before us is not a simple earthly woman, but a divine being.

Topics and problems

• The central theme in the poem is love. This feeling helps the hero live and survive in his harsh days. In addition, the theme of love is closely related to the theme of creativity. It is the excitement of the heart that awakens inspiration in the poet. The author can create when all-consuming emotions bloom in his soul.
• Also A.S. Pushkin, as a real psychologist, very accurately describes the state of the hero in different periods his life. We see how strikingly contrasting are the images of the narrator at the time of the meeting with the "genius of pure beauty" and at the time of his imprisonment in the wilderness. It's like two completely different people.
• In addition, the author raised the issue of non-freedom. He describes not only his physical bondage in exile, but also his inner prison, when a person closes in himself, fences off from the world of emotions and bright colors... That is why those days in loneliness and melancholy became an imprisonment for the poet in every sense.
• The problem of separation presents itself to the reader as an inevitable but bitter tragedy. Life circumstances are often the cause of a rupture, which painfully hits the nerves, and then hides in the depths of memory. The hero even lost the bright memory of his beloved, because the realization of the loss was unbearable.

Idea

The main idea of ​​the poem is that a person cannot live fully if his heart is deaf and his soul is asleep. Only when you open yourself to love, its passions, you can truly feel this life.

The meaning of the work is that just one small, even insignificant event for others can completely change you, your psychological picture... And if you yourself change, then your attitude to the world around you also changes. This means that one moment is capable of changing your world, both external and internal. You just need not to miss it, not to lose it in the hustle and bustle of days.

Means of artistic expression

In his poem A.S. Pushkin uses a variety of paths. For example, to convey the hero's state more vividly, the author uses the following epithets: “wonderful moment”, “hopeless sadness”, “gentle voice”, “heavenly features”, “noisy vanity”.

We meet in the text of the work and comparisons, so already in the first quatrain we see that the appearance of the heroine is compared with a fleeting vision, and she herself - with a genius of pure beauty. The metaphor of "storms, a rebellious gust dispelled the old dreams", emphasizes how time uncharacteristically takes away from the hero his only consolation - the image of his beloved.

So, beautifully and poetically, A.S. Pushkin was able to tell his love story, unnoticed by many, but dear to him.

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I remember a wonderful moment, You appeared before me, Like a fleeting vision, Like a genius of pure beauty A.S. Pushkin. To A. Kern ... Michelson's Big Explanatory Phraseological Dictionary

genius- i, m. génie f., ger. Genius, gender. geniusz lat. genius. 1. According to the religious beliefs of the ancient Romans, God is the patron saint of man, city, country; the spirit of good and evil. Sl. 18. The Romans brought incense, flowers and honey to their Angel or according to their Genius. ... ... Historical Dictionary gallicisms of the Russian language

- (1799 1837) Russian poet, writer. Aphorisms, quotes Pushkin Alexander Sergeevich. Biography It is not difficult to despise the court of people; it is impossible to despise one's own court. Backbiting, even without proof, leaves eternal traces of sweat. Critics ... ... Consolidated encyclopedia of aphorisms

I, m. 1. The highest degree of creative giftedness, talent. The artistic genius of Pushkin is so great and beautiful that until now we cannot help but be carried away by the wondrous artistic beauty of his creations. Chernyshevsky, Works of Pushkin. Suvorov not ... ... Small academic dictionary

Aya, oh; ten, tna, tno. 1. outdated. Flying, passing quickly, without stopping. The sudden hum of a passing beetle, the light smack of small fish in the planter: all these faint sounds, these rustles only aggravated the silence. Turgenev, Three meetings. ... ... Small academic dictionary

appear- show / curl, I / curl, I / curl, pros. appear / lsya, owls; to be / be (to 1, 3, 5, 7 values), nsv. 1) Come, arrive where l. voluntarily, by invitation, by official request, etc. Appear unexpectedly out of the blue. Show up without an invitation. I only came to ... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language

proclitic- PROKLITIKA [from the Greek. προκλιτικός leaning forward (to the next word)] is a linguistic term, an unstressed word that transfers its stress to the shock behind it, as a result of which both of these words are pronounced as one word. P.… … Poetic Dictionary

quatrain- (from French quatrain four) type of stanza (see stanza): quatrain, stanza of four lines: I remember a wonderful moment: You appeared before me, Like a fleeting vision, Like a genius of pure beauty. A.S. Pushkin ... Dictionary of literary terms

Anna Kern: Life in the name of love Sysoev Vladimir Ivanovich

"GENIUS OF PURE BEAUTY"

"GENIUS OF PURE BEAUTY"

“The next day I had to leave for Riga together with my sister Anna Nikolaevna Wulf. He came in the morning and, at parting, brought me a copy of the second chapter of Onegin (30), in uncut sheets, between which I found a four-fold letter of paper with verses:

I remember a wonderful moment;

You appeared before me

Like a fleeting vision

Like a genius of pure beauty.

In the languor of hopeless sadness,

In the worries of a noisy bustle,

And dreamed of cute features.

The years passed. Rebellious gust of storms

Dispelled old dreams

Your heavenly features.

In the wilderness, in the gloom of imprisonment

My days dragged on quietly

Without a deity, without inspiration,

No tears, no life, no love.

Awakening has come to the soul:

And here you are again,

Like a fleeting vision

Like a genius of pure beauty.

And my heart beats in rapture

And for him they were resurrected again

And deity and inspiration,

And life, and tears, and love!

When I was about to hide a poetic gift in the box, he looked at me for a long time, then frantically snatched it out and did not want to return it; I begged for them again; what flashed through his head then, I don’t know. ”

What feelings did the poet possess then? Embarrassment? Excitement? Perhaps doubt or even remorse?

Was this poem the result of an instant fascination - or a poetic insight? Great is the secret of genius ... harmonious combination a few words, and when they sound in our imagination, a light female image, full of enchanting charm, immediately appears, as if materializing from the air ... A poetic love message to eternity ...

Many literary scholars have subjected this poem to the most thorough analysis. Disputes about different options its interpretations, which began at the dawn of the 20th century, are still under way and are likely to continue.

Some researchers of Pushkin's work consider this poem to be just a mischievous joke of the poet, who decided to create a masterpiece of love lyrics from only the clichés of Russian romantic poetry of the first third of the 19th century. Indeed, out of one hundred and three of his words, more than sixty are worn out platitudes ("gentle voice", "rebellious impulse", "deity", "heavenly features", "inspiration", "heart beats in rapture", etc.). Let's not take this view of a masterpiece seriously.

According to the majority of Pushkin scholars, the expression “genius of pure beauty” is an open quote from the poem “Lalla-Rook” by V. A. Zhukovsky:

Oh! Doesn't dwell with us

The genius of pure beauty;

Only sometimes he visits

Us from heavenly heights;

He is hasty like a dream,

Like an airy morning dream;

And in holy remembrance

He is not separated from his heart!

He is only in pure moments

Being comes to us

And brings revelations

Beneficial to hearts.

For Zhukovsky, this phrase was associated with a whole series of symbolic images - a ghostly heavenly vision, "hasty like a dream", with symbols of hope and sleep, with the theme of "pure moments of being", tearing the heart away from the "dark earthly region", with the theme of inspiration and revelations of the soul.

But Pushkin probably did not know this poem. Written for the holiday given in Berlin on January 15, 1821 by King Frederick of Prussia on the occasion of the arrival from Russia of his daughter Alexandra Feodorovna, the wife of Grand Duke Nikolai Pavlovich, it appeared in print only in 1828. Zhukovsky did not send it to Pushkin.

However, all the images symbolically concentrated in the phrase "genius of pure beauty" again appear in Zhukovsky's poem "I used to be a young muse" (1823), but in a different expressive atmosphere - the expectation of the "gift-giver of chants", longing for the genius of pure beauty - with the twinkling of his star.

I used to be a young muse

I met in the sublunary side,

And inspiration flew

From heaven, uninvited, to me;

Everything earthly led

It is a life-giving ray

And for me at that time it was

Life and Poetry are one.

But the giver of chants

Haven't visited me for a long time;

His welcome return

Should I wait when again?

Or forever my loss

And forever will the harp not sound?

But everything from beautiful times

When he was available to me,

Everything from sweet, dark, clear

I saved the days gone by -

Flowers of a secluded dream

And life best flowers, -

I put on your sacred altar,

O Genius of pure beauty!

Zhukovsky provided the symbolism associated with the "genius of pure beauty" with his commentary. It is based on the concept of beauty. “The beautiful ... has no name or image; it visits us in the best moments of our life ”; “It appears to us only as minutes, in order to be the only one for us to express itself, to revive us, to elevate our soul”; “Only that which is not beautiful” is beautiful ... The beautiful is associated with sadness, with the striving “for something better, secret, distant, that is connected with it and that exists for you somewhere. And this striving is one of the most ineffable proofs of the immortality of the soul. "

But, most likely, as the famous philologist Academician V.V. Vinogradov first noted in the 1930s, the image of the “genius of pure beauty” arose in Pushkin's poetic imagination at that time not so much in direct connection with Zhukovsky's poem “Lalla-Ruk” or "I used to be a young Muse," how much under the impression of his article "Raphael's Madonna (From a letter about the Dresden Gallery)", printed in the "Polar Star for 1824" and reproducing the legend widespread at that time about the creation of the famous painting "Sistine Madonna": “They say that Raphael, having pulled his canvas for this picture, did not know for a long time what would be on it: inspiration did not come. One day he fell asleep with the thought of Madonna, and surely some angel woke him up. He jumped up: she's here, shouting, he pointed to the canvas and drew the first drawing. And in fact, this is not a picture, but a vision: the longer you look, the more vividly you are convinced that something unnatural is happening in front of you ... Here the painter's soul ... with amazing simplicity and ease, conveyed to the canvas the miracle that took place in its insides ... I ... clearly began to feel that the soul was spreading ... It was where it could be only in the best moments of life.

The genius of pure beauty was with her:

He is only in pure moments

Being flies to us

And brings us visions

Inaccessible to dreams.

... And it just comes to the idea that this picture was born in the moment of a miracle: the curtain opened, and the secret of the sky was revealed to the eyes of man ... Everything, and the air itself, turns into a pure angel in the presence of this heavenly, passing maiden. "

The almanac "Polar Star" with Zhukovsky's article was brought to Mikhailovskoye by AA Delvig in April 1825, shortly before Anna Kern's arrival in Trigorskoye, and after reading this article, the image of Madonna firmly established itself in Pushkin's poetic imagination.

"But Pushkin was alien to the moral and mystical basis of this symbolism," Vinogradov declares. - In the poem "I remember a wonderful moment" Pushkin used the symbolism of Zhukovsky, bringing it down from heaven to earth, depriving it of its religious and mystical foundation ...

Pushkin, merging with the image of poetry the image of a beloved woman and preserving most of Zhukovsky's symbols, except for religious and mystical

Your heavenly features ...

My days dragged on quietly

Without a deity, without inspiration ...

And for him they were resurrected again

Both deity and inspiration ...

builds from this material not only a work of a new rhythmic and figurative composition, but also a different semantic resolution, alien to the ideological and symbolic concept of Zhukovsky. "

We must not forget that Vinogradov made such a statement in 1934. It was a period of widespread anti-religious propaganda and the triumph of the materialist view of development. human society... For another half century, Soviet literary critics did not touch on the religious theme in the work of A.S. Pushkin.

The lines “in the silence of hopeless sadness”, “in the distance, in the darkness of confinement” are very consonant with EA Baratynsky’s “Ede”; Some rhymes Pushkin borrowed from himself - from Tatyana's letter to Onegin:

And at this very moment

Is it not you, dear vision ...

And there is nothing surprising here - Pushkin's work is full of literary reminiscences and even direct quotations; however, using the lines he liked, the poet transformed them beyond recognition.

According to the outstanding Russian philologist and Pushkin scholar B.V. Tomashevsky, this poem, despite the fact that it paints an idealized female image, is undoubtedly associated with A.P. Kern. “It’s not for nothing that the very title“ K *** ”is addressed to the beloved woman, even if she is depicted in a generalized image of an ideal woman.”

This is indicated by the list of poems of 1816-1827 compiled by Pushkin himself (it was preserved among his papers), which the poet did not include in the 1826 edition, but intended to include in his two-volume collection of poems (it was published in 1829). The poem "I remember a wonderful moment ..." here has the title "To A. P. K [ern], directly indicating the one to whom it is dedicated.

NL Stepanov, Doctor of Philology, outlined the interpretation of this work, which was formed in the times of Pushkin and which has become a textbook: “Pushkin, as always, is extremely accurate in his poems. But, conveying the actual side of his meetings with Kern, he creates a work that reveals the inner world of the poet himself. In the quiet of Mikhailov's solitude, the meeting with AP Kern evoked in the exiled poet both memories of the recent storms of his life, and regret for the lost freedom, and the joy of meeting that transformed his monotonous everyday life, and, above all, the joy of poetry. "

Another researcher, E. A. Maimin, especially noted the musicality of the poem: “It's like musical composition, given both by real events in Pushkin's life and by the ideal image of the "genius of pure beauty" borrowed from Zhukovsky's poetry. The well-known ideality in solving the theme does not, however, negate the living immediacy in the sound of the poem and in its perception. This sense of lively immediacy comes not so much from the plot as from the captivating, one-of-a-kind music of words. There is a lot of music in the poem: melodious, lasting in time, lingering music of verse, music of feeling. And as in music, in a poem there appears not a direct, tangible image of the beloved, but the image of love itself. The poem is based on musical variations of a limited range of images-motives: a wonderful moment - a genius of pure beauty - deity - inspiration. By themselves, these images do not contain anything immediate, concrete. All this is from the world of abstract and lofty concepts. But in the general musical arrangement of the poem, they become living concepts, living images. "

Professor B. P. Gorodetsky wrote in his academic edition “Lyrics of Pushkin”: “The mystery of this poem is that everything we know about the personality of A. able to evoke in the poet's soul a feeling that has become the basis of an inexpressibly beautiful work of art, in no way and in no way brings us closer to comprehending the mystery of art that makes this poem typical for a great many similar situations and is able to ennoble and ennoble the beauty of feeling million people ...

The sudden and short-term appearance of a "fleeting vision" in the image of a "genius of pure beauty" flashed among the darkness of confinement, when the poet's days dragged on "without tears, without life, without love", could revive in his soul "both deity and inspiration, / And life, and tears, and love ”only in the case when all this had already been experienced by him earlier. Experiences of this kind took place in the first period of Pushkin's exile - it was they who created that spiritual experience, without which the subsequent appearance of "Farewell" and such tremendous penetrations into the depths of the human spirit as "Conjuration" and "For the shores of the fatherland distant ". They also created that spiritual experience, without which the poem "I remember a wonderful moment" could not appear.

All this should not be understood too simplistically, in the sense that for the creation of the poem the real image of A.P. Kern and Pushkin's attitude to her were of little importance. Without them, of course, there would be no poem. But the poem in the form in which it exists would not have existed even if the meeting with A.P. Kern had not been preceded by Pushkin's past and the whole difficult experience of his exile. The real image of A.P. Kern, as it were, resurrected the poet's soul again, revealed to him the beauty of not only the irrevocably gone past, but also the present, which is directly and precisely stated in the poem:

Awakening has come to the soul.

That is why the problem of the poem "I remember a wonderful moment" should be solved, as if turning it the other way: it was not an accidental meeting with A.P. Kern that awakened the poet's soul and made the past come to life in a new beauty, but, on the contrary, the process of revitalizing and restoring the soul forces of the poet, which began a little earlier, completely determined all the main characteristics and the inner content of the poem caused by a meeting with A.P. Kern. "

Literary critic A. I. Beletsky more than 50 years ago for the first time timidly expressed the idea that the main character of this poem is not a woman at all, but poetic inspiration. “Absolutely secondary,” he wrote, “we see the question of the name of a real woman, who was then ascended to the height of a poetic creation, where her real features disappeared, and she herself became a generalization, a rhythmically ordered verbal expression of some general aesthetic idea ... the poem is clearly subordinated to another, philosophical and psychological theme, and its main theme is the theme of different states inner peace poet in the relationship of this world with reality ”.

Professor MV Stroganov went farthest in identifying the image of Madonna and the "genius of pure beauty" in this poem with the personality of Anna Kern: "The poem" I remember a wonderful moment ... "was written, obviously, in one night - from 18 to 19 July 1825, after a joint walk of Pushkin, Kern and Wulfs in Mikhailovskoye and on the eve of Kern's departure to Riga. During the walk, Pushkin, according to Kern's recollections, spoke of their “first meeting with the Olenins, expressed enthusiasm about her, and at the end of the conversation said:<…>... You looked like such an innocent girl ... “All this is included in that memory of the“ wonderful moment ”to which the first stanza of the poem is dedicated: both the very first meeting and the image of Kern as a“ virginal ”. But this word - virginal - means in French the Mother of God, the Immaculate Virgin. This is how an involuntary comparison takes place: “like a genius of pure beauty”. And the next morning, Pushkin brought Kern a poem ... The morning turned out to be wiser than the evening. Something confused Pushkin in Kern when he passed on his poems to her. Apparently, he doubted: could she be this ideal model? Will she appear to them? - And he wanted to take away the poems. Failed to pick up, and Kern (precisely because she was not that kind of woman) printed them in Delvig's almanac. All subsequent "obscene" correspondence between Pushkin and Kern can obviously be regarded as a psychological revenge on the addressee of the poem for his excessive haste and sublimity of the message. "

Considering this poem in the 1980s from a religious-philosophical point of view, the literary critic S. A. Fomichev saw in it a reflection of episodes not so much of the poet's real biography as of the biography of the inner, "three consecutive states of the soul." It was from this time that a pronounced philosophical view of this work was outlined. Doctor of Philology V. P. Sin-nev, proceeding from the metaphysical ideas of the Pushkin era, which interpreted man as a "small universe", arranged according to the law of the entire universe: a three-hypostatic, God-like being in the unity of the earthly shell ("body"), " soul ”and“ divine spirit ”, saw in Pushkin’s“ wonderful moment ”“ an all-encompassing concept of being ”and, in general,“ all of Pushkin ”. Nevertheless, both researchers recognized the "living conditionality of the lyrical beginning of the poem as a real source of inspiration" in the person of A.P. Kern.

Professor Yu. N. Chumakov turned not to the content of the poem, but to its form, specifically to the spatio-temporal development of the plot. He argued that "the meaning of the poem is inseparable from the form of its expression ..." and that "form" as such "itself ... acts as a content ...". According to L. A. Perfilieva, the author of the most recent commentary on this poem, Chumakov "saw in the poem the timeless and endless cosmic rotation of the independent Pushkin Universe, created by the inspiration and creative will of the poet."

Another researcher of Pushkin's poetic heritage, SN Broitman, revealed in this poem "the linear infinity of semantic perspective." The same LA Perfilieva, having carefully studied his article, stated: “Having singled out“ two systems of meanings, two plot-shaped series ”, he admits their“ probable plurality ”; as an important component of the plot, the researcher assumes "providence" (31) ".

Now let's get acquainted with a rather original point of view of L.A. Perfilieva herself, which is also based on a metaphysical approach to considering this and many other works of Pushkin.

Abstracting from the personality of A.P. Kern as the inspirer of the poet and the addressee of this poem and from biographical realities in general, and proceeding from the fact that the main quotations of Pushkin's poem are borrowed from the poetry of V.A. like other images of him romantic works) appears as an unearthly and immaterial substance: "ghost", "vision", "dream", "sweet dream", the researcher claims that Pushkin's "Genius of pure beauty" appears in its metaphysical reality "the messenger of Heaven" as a mysterious mediator between the author's "I" of the poet and some otherworldly, higher essence - "deity". She believes that the author's "I" in the poem means the Soul of the poet. A "Fleeting vision" To the poet's soul "Genius of pure beauty"- this is the "moment of Truth", the divine Revelation, which in an instant flash illuminates and permeates the Soul with the grace of the divine Spirit. V "Languor of hopeless sadness" Perfilieva sees the painfulness of the soul's being in the bodily shell, in the phrase "A gentle voice sounded to me for a long time"- the archetypal, primary memory of the soul about Heaven. The next two stanzas "describe Being as such, marked by a tedious duration for the soul." Between the fourth and fifth stanzas, providence or "Divine Verb" is invisibly manifested, as a result of which "Awakening has come to the soul." It is here, in the interval of these stanzas, that “an invisible point is placed, which creates the inner symmetry of the cyclically closed composition of the poem. At the same time, it is a turning point-return point, from which the “space-time” of Pushkin’s little Universe suddenly turns, starting to flow towards itself, returning from earthly reality to the celestial ideal. The awakened soul regains the ability to perceive deities. And this is the act of her second birth - a return to the divine principle - "Resurrection".<…>This is the acquisition of Truth and the return to Paradise ...

Strengthening the sounding of the last stanza of the poem marks the fullness of Being, the triumph of the restored harmony of the "small universe" - the body, soul and spirit of a person in general or personally of the poet-author himself, that is, "all of Pushkin."

Summing up his analysis of Pushkin's work, Perfilieva suggests that, “regardless of the role that A. according to the author of the article, dedicated to the nature of inspiration), "The Prophet" (dedicated to the providence of poetic creativity) and "I have erected a monument to myself not made by hands ..." (dedicated to the incorruptibility of spiritual heritage). Among them, “I remember a wonderful moment ...” is indeed, as already noted, a poem about “the fullness of Being” and about the dialectic of the human soul; and about “man in general”, as about the Small Universe, arranged according to the laws of the universe. "

It seems, foreseeing the possibility of such a purely philosophical interpretation of Pushkin's lines, the already mentioned N.L.Stepanov wrote: “In this interpretation, Pushkin's poem loses its vital concreteness, that sensual and emotional beginning that so enriches Pushkin's images, gives them an earthly, realistic character ... After all, if we abandon these specific biographical associations, from the biographical subtext of the poem, then the images of Pushkin will lose their vital content, turn into conditionally romantic symbols, meaning only the theme of the poet's creative inspiration. Then we can replace Pushkin with Zhukovsky with his abstract symbol of the “genius of pure beauty”. This will deplete the realism of the poet's poem, it will lose those colors and shades that are so important for Pushkin's lyrics. The strength and pathos of Pushkin's creativity is in the fusion, in the unity of the abstract and the real. "

But even using the most complex literary and philosophical constructions, it is difficult to dispute the assertion of N. I. Chernyaev, made 75 years after the creation of this masterpiece: “With his message“ To *** ”Pushkin immortalized her (A.P. Kern. - V.S.) just as Petrarch immortalized Laura and Dante immortalized Beatrice. Centuries will pass, and when the multitude historical events and historical figures will be forgotten, the personality and fate of Kern, as the inspirer of Pushkin's muse, will arouse great interest, cause controversy, assumptions and be reproduced by novelists, playwrights, painters. "

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I remember a wonderful moment: You appeared before me, Like a fleeting vision, Like a genius of pure beauty. In the languor of hopeless sadness In the worries of noisy vanity, I sounded a gentle voice for a long time And dreamed of cute features. The years passed. A rebellious gust of storms Dispelled the old dreams, And I forgot your gentle voice, Your heavenly features. In the wilderness, in the darkness of confinement, my days dragged on quietly Without deity, without inspiration, Without tears, without life, without love. Awakening has come to the soul: And here again you appeared, Like a fleeting vision, Like a genius of pure beauty. And the heart beats in ecstasy, And for him resurrected again And deity, and inspiration, And life, and tears, and love.

The poem is addressed to Anna Kern, whom Pushkin met long before his forced seclusion in St. Petersburg in 1819. She made an indelible impression on the poet. The next time Pushkin and Kern saw each other only in 1825, when she was visiting the estate of her aunt Praskovya Osipova; Osipova was Pushkin's neighbor and a good friend of him. It is believed that the new meeting inspired Pushkin to create an epoch-making poem.

The main theme of the poem is love. Pushkin presents a succinct sketch of his life between the first meeting with the heroine and the present moment, indirectly mentioning the main events that happened to the biographical lyrical hero: a link to the south of the country, a period of bitter disappointment in life, in which works of art imbued with feelings of genuine pessimism ("Demon", "Desert Sower of Freedom"), depressed mood during the period of new exile in the Mikhailovskoye family estate. However, suddenly there comes the resurrection of the soul, the miracle of the rebirth of life, conditioned by the appearance of the divine image of the muse, which brings with it the old joy of creativity and creation, which opens up to the author in a new perspective. It is at the moment of spiritual awakening that the lyric hero meets the heroine again: “The soul has come to awakening: And now you have appeared again ...”.

The image of the heroine is essentially generalized and poeticized as much as possible; it differs significantly from the image that appears in the pages of Pushkin's letters to Riga and to friends, created during the period of forced pastime in Mikhailovskoye. At the same time, the setting of the equal sign is unjustified, as well as the identification of the "genius of pure beauty" with the real biographical Anna Kern. The impossibility of recognizing the narrowly biographical background of the poetic message is indicated by the thematic and compositional similarity with another love poetic text called "To her", created by Pushkin in 1817.

Here it is important to remember the idea of ​​inspiration. Love for a poet is also valuable in the sense of giving creative inspiration, the desire to create. The title stanza describes the first meeting of the poet and his beloved. Pushkin characterizes this moment with very bright, expressive epithets ("wonderful moment", "fleeting vision", "genius of pure beauty"). Love for a poet is a deep, sincere, magical feeling that completely captures him. The next three stanzas of the poem describe the next stage in the poet's life - his exile. A difficult time in the fate of Pushkin, full of life trials, experiences. This is the time of the "languor of hopeless sadness" in the poet's soul. Parting with his youthful ideals, the stage of growing up ("Dispelled the old dreams"). Perhaps the poet also had moments of despair ("Without a deity, without inspiration"). The author's link is also mentioned ("In the wilderness, in the darkness of confinement ..."). The poet's life seemed to freeze, lost its meaning. Genre is a message.