Areas of landscape design: features and characteristics. Styles of landscape design (19 photos): the most famous directions Types of style solutions in landscape design

Landscape style is a set of artistic techniques, a system of stable and uniform interpretations of forms that determine the general appearance of your garden, a certain combination and use of elements of vegetation, types of decor.

Landscape Styles - Complete List

≡ Navigation 16 styles:

Styles of landscape gardening art, as well as, can be divided into historically established and relatively new, modern. Let's start with the first ones.

English or landscape landscaping

As the name suggests, this method of decorating a garden plot in England took shape at the beginning of the 18th century.
The main idea of the style is love and respect for the natural flora, the commonality of man and nature.
English handwriting is a balance between slight negligence, even neglect and homeliness, well-groomed garden.
Harmony is achieved due to the following criteria:

smooth contours and lines, absence of straight and sharp corners;
the unity of the garden and the house;
vertical gardening;
stone paved, winding paths that mimic trails;
neat lawns as a place for passive rest;
the use of plants of various heights to create relief and scenic corridors;
an abundance of perennial plants;
externally natural reservoir or stream;
flower beds in the form of flower "carpets" and mounds;
riot of colors, color contrasts.

The landscape garden, stylized as a "wild" corner of nature, begins right outside the door of the house, on the facade and gates, entwined with ivy, grapes and ramblers - climbing, world-famous English roses.

The English Garden is a flower festival. Among the most popular are: roses, begonias, lobelias, poppies, scarlet sage, multi-colored delphinium.

The attributes of a truly English landscape are wooden or stone benches located at the end of paths, flowerpots with flowers, ceramic slabs mounted in alleys, a romantic gazebo, small bridges, forged lanterns.
A characteristic feature is the presence of one or two antique objects: a statue, a shop.
Coloring - greens interspersed with silver, white, crimson, lilac shades.

Dutch style in landscape design

You can get an idea of it by looking at the paintings of the masters of the Dutch school. It is characterized by pastorality, bright flamboyance, exemplary, sleek look. Dominants of the Dutch style:

parterre lawn, the center of the garden and the pride of the owner;
hedge;
a small number of trees (preference is given to flowers and shrubs);
mixborders along garden paths;
rustic decor, funny figurines;
flower beds in carts.

In front of the facade of the house, hidden by vines, there is a very elegant lawn surrounded by flower beds and ornamental shrubs - the heart of the garden. For its creation, bushy cereals with narrow leaves are suitable, forming a thick, silky cover. The lawn is accentuated with a standard tree, a topiary, a small fountain or a tiny flower bed with flowers - camassia, hyacinths, crocuses. The parterre lawn is surrounded by a hedge or mixborder, a mixed flower garden with carefully selected crops.
Bulbous ones are the most popular: tulips, lilies, daffodils. Among the favorites are also delphinium, mordovnik, foxglove.

An indispensable condition for a Dutch garden is openness so that passers-by can admire it. Therefore, solid fences are not installed, but are content with a hedge made of juniper, boxwood, dogwood, or a fence made of rare forged rods.
The paths are covered with chips or pebbles, they equip sites on which pavilions are placed, and decorative elements. But the benches are often "cut" right into the mixborder, into a living fence.

A Dutch garden is unthinkable without hand-made decorations: firstly, these are carts “loaded” with flowers. Secondly, decorative mills and wells, as well as wheels, wooden buckets and barrels, even chests of drawers and suitcases adapted for mini-flower beds. Sculptures are often funny, awakening a smile: stone frogs, gnomes, crows, mermaids.
The palette of the Dutch garden is luscious greenery with bright flashes of scarlet, blue, white.

Country in landscape design (rustic style)

Innocent naturalness is the basis of the village garden. He does not declare the idea of unity with nature, he is nature itself.
Free, rustic design does not mean, however, a complete lack of rules. There they are:

simplicity and light randomness;
gravel paths or paved with grassed stones with gaps;
the presence of fruit trees and garden beds;
flowers growing not only in flower beds;
creeping, climbing plants on fences;
decor from "village" objects - fragments of wicker tyna, carts and wheels, clay pots and jugs, barrels;
fruits in the role of flowers - pumpkins, physalis, bunches of grapes and mountain ash;
combining horticultural and wild crops into one group.

The view of the village plot is the golden mean between the natural neglect and household care, beauty and benefit.
Fruit trees and bushes, beds are required; this, one might say, is the originality of the style. It is better to arrange apple trees or plums not in a heap and in a strict order, but in different corners of the site. It is also not worth forming a full-fledged vegetable garden from the beds, you can limit yourself to spicy, healthy herbs.

Expensive, exotic flowers will not fit into a landscape full of rural spontaneity. But such a garden will not do without sunflowers and mallow, cosmos, chamomile, calendula and marigolds.
Where it is dusk, you can plant shade-loving hosts, textured-looking ferns.
Flowers in a similar area do not grow in flower beds, but simply on free lawns, near fruit trees and between vegetable beds.

The attributes of a rustic country garden are wood or wicker furniture of an artless look, birdhouses, swings, rude, handmade hedges, a funny garden scarecrow.
The variety of country decor is almost limitless: you can use rustic dishes and utensils, all kinds of tubs, drawbars and rocker arms, decorating them with flowers.

Chinese style in landscape design

The world's first park appeared in Suzhou District - Chinese landscape art for thousands of years. It is based on the provisions of Feng Shui. The movement of water and wind, the main elements in the Taoist worldview, generates qi energy, which should permeate both the house and the garden. If the layout does not take into account these wisdom, does not regulate the flow of qi, the garden cannot be called Chinese, no matter how many pagodas you put in it.

The Chinese are sure: qi energy circulates freely only along natural, miraculous lines and contours. Therefore, there can be no symmetry, parallels, right angles in the garden.
In addition, the Chinese garden is subject to the following rules:

all items must form a single, complete composition;
the garden is obliged to heal, to be a "hall" for qigong and meditation;
a new landscape should be visible from anywhere, creating the impression infinity landscape;
water is present in the hypostases of rest and movement;
the presence of a tea gazebo in a secluded nook is also required;
finally, plant diversity is another credo Taoist parka.

The garden in the Middle Kingdom is a model of the world, which means that it looks as if pines, bamboo, boulders and streams appeared on their own, many years ago.
Such a garden must create the impression of infinity, as well as fullness and richness. Wherever you turn, a new facet of beauty should open up from everywhere.
A stream with running water and a pond with standing water are indispensable companions of the Chinese park. Carefully selected stones are located in one area selected according to the rules of Feng Shui. Stones of unusual color and shape are especially appreciated.
The completeness of the composition presupposes a garden fence, which, however, repeats all the bends of the relief and tends to merge with bushes and trees. A wooden gate, crowned with a wise aphorism, leads to the Chinese garden.

A round-shaped tea house is placed on a dais, from where the distance is clearly visible.
The flora in the Chinese garden is all symbolism. Each tree means something: pine - fortitude, peach - happiness, juniper - health, fir - longevity ... In China, they love jasmine, chrysanthemums and peonies, tea roses, dahlias, irises.

Colonial style in landscape design

Colonial garden art combined the traditions of the Old World with the practice of the natives, the inhabitants of the colonies. Signs of a colonial garden:

simple, utilitarian materials;
a veranda or terrace as the starting point of the garden;
plants and topiary in large tubs;
white wooden fence;
several sentimental sculptures;
liberty, slight absent-mindedness, showing through in the manner of design.

The colonial-style garden begins on a veranda lined with spits and hops. Garden paths in the Dutch manner are sprinkled with chips or covered with wooden flooring, flagstone.
The plot is decorated with small sculptures made of stone, alabaster, ceramics or wood - these are rabbits and ducks, chubby angels, cherubs and cupids.

V set the colonial garden may also include a fountain - a small, stylized as a washstand, located at the walls of the veranda.
Arches and pergolas, if there is room for them, preferably wrought iron, garden furniture - from planed boards, rattan, vines or bamboo.
Don't forget the rocking chair and hammock.

Plants in a colonial-type garden are enchanting with their variegated variety. In tubs, flowerpots, containers, urns bloom, replacing each other: hyacinths, daffodils, peonies, lilies, phloxes, begonia, fragrant tobacco and peas, carnations, hydrangeas. The dishes in which they grow can be moved, brought into the veranda or into the house during cold weather.

A certain place is assigned to edible and medicinal plants - sage, echinacea, lemongrass, marjoram. Fruit trees prevail among the trees, because at first the colonial gardens were not so much a place of rest as a source of fruits and vegetables.

Moorish landscape design

The Moorish Garden is a fairy tale embodied, an oasis full of colors, sounds and aromas. Splendor and luxury are its main parameters.
The distinctive properties of such a landscape include:

isolation, closeness;
the chor-bak principle at the heart of the layout;
classical norms, symmetry;
flower beds in the form of squares, sometimes circles;
pools and fountains lined with Arabic mosaics;
the obligatory presence of fruit, sweet-smelling trees;
fragrant flowers and herbs;
beds, benches in the shade.

The eastern garden is hidden from prying eyes behind a stone fence. It is a square divided into four equal parts (chor-bak rule). Paths, bushes, less often canals cope with the role of boundaries between squares.
Inside each "puzzle" is a pond, a fountain or even a pool. Peaches, quinces, apricots and pears are crowded alongside jasmine and roses, hinting at the heavenly bushes. What is missing?
- That's right, birds. Peacocks roam the Moorish garden, and cages with canaries and parrots hang in the trees.

In addition to roses, oriental gardens are characterized by tulips, hyacinths, and lilies growing in oblong flower beds.

The murmur of water, bird trills, the fragrance of flowers and fruits should be felt anywhere in the Moorish arboretum.

Details of the Moorish landscape - comfortable, wide beds with many pillows, gazebos in the form of tents, awnings made of thin, airy fabrics and glass beads, mosaics.
The palette is juicy greens, purples, yellows, violet colors.

Provence style in landscape design

In fact, this is the style of French villages - sweet, soulful, rude and sophisticated at the same time.
Conceptual features french garden:

fruit trees with silhouettes formed in the form of palmettes;
stone terraces, supports of old, rough tuff, sandstone or shell rock;
many colors of pastel shades;
beds with Provencal herbs;
semi-antique gazebos with the same furniture;
pergolas and trellises;
stone well and / or fountain;
narrow cobbled paths in addition to the wide main paths.

Mostly French vineyards are located on the slopes, so the gardens are usually fortified with terraces and retaining structures made of stone. Actually, a couple of wide steps are enough to remind you of this tradition.

The gnarled masonry covered with creepers is a trademark of the Provencal style, in which every object is wrapped in a light veil of archaism.

Plants are chosen with foliage of various, but soft shades - apple, olive, linden, apricots, plane trees, Dubrovnik, grapes.
The main paths are covered with ceramic tiles, rectangular or square, additional ones are sprinkled with white sand.
The shade in the French garden is created by pergolas that support wisterias and clematis.
The water in the south is a true value, therefore a medium-sized fountain made of wild stone must “register” on the site.
The "highlight" of French gardens is the springs built into the masonry of the retaining walls. Previously, there was also a well, but today it is being replaced by a pool, the sides of which are decorated with ceramic vases with flowers.

There are a lot of flowers: hydrangeas, delphinium, lavatera, cosmeya, lupine ... Spicy herbs are no less favored: lavender, hyssop, rosemary, thyme, anise, oregano, mint, thyme.
For color, pumpkins and ornamental cabbage are added to the beds.

Creating a corner of a French village is a delicate matter, because many plants will have to look for an adequate replacement. The main difficulty is to arrange fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, flowers and herbs in the correct tiers so that the garden remains an integral, colorful picture all year round.

The gazebo and garden furniture are mostly wooden, with patina and cracks. For heightened comfort, pillows are laid out on chairs and benches, and the entrance to the arbor is covered with muslin.
The shades of the Provencal garden are soft green, white, pink, sky blue and, of course, lavender.

Regular (classic, formal) style

The ensembles of Peterhof, Versailles, Sanssouci, Tuileries, Hyde Park and other complexes are excellent examples of such a landscape.
Regular style, sometimes called landscape baroque, originated in France, the core of his concept is “man - the architect of nature”.

Classicism, in the bosom of which this garden design was formed, preached rationalism and advocated logic, clarity of proportions. It is no wonder that the regular style, in particular, is characterized by:

mirror symmetry, straight alleys, perfect geometry of flower beds and lawns;
the main parterre is a rectangular lawn decorated with an antique statue, an exquisite flower garden, vases, colored sand and gravel;
fountains, sculptures and flower beds as centers of compositions;
bosquettes - green "rooms" surrounded by walls of trimmed trees and bushes;
an abundance of ridges along the paths - elongated flower beds forming a complex pattern;
more artificial than ponds of ideally regular, geometric shape;
classic gazebos and gazebos at the intersection of the alleys, serving as observation platforms from where you can admire the garden;
strict silhouettes of topiary, flowerpots with flowers;
antique statues or sculptural compositions.

All small architectural forms in the garden - from fountains and sculptures to garden benches - are placed at carefully selected points, at the intersections of paths, to emphasize the symmetry of the territory. In addition to the listed items, columns and stone balls, wrought iron pergolas and arches, clearly defined, living borders are widely used in classical gardens.

A special role in the regular landscape belongs to low trees and shrubs with dense crowns, which perfectly keep the shape set by gardeners, these are: cypresses, thuja, euonymus, linden trees, spireas, maples. Of the flowers, preference is given to tulips and lilies, cyclamens.
Shades of a classic garden, in addition to natural greenery - white, blue, pale yellow.

Landscape in the style of "Russian estate"

You can get into the spirit of this style by reading Russian classics. The only pity is that the Russian scale, typical of old gardens, cannot be embodied in a small area. In addition to the scale, the manor style is distinguished by the following accents:

streamlined shapes and smooth lines;
old lindens, oaks with large trunks and spreading crowns;
shady, secluded corners;
antique sculptures;
artificial pond;
lawns with wild vegetation;
pavilion or rotunda;
hedges, raised flower beds;
forged lanterns.

The atmosphere of the Russian garden is calm and thoughtful, it is good to retire in it with a book, dream of love.

When equipping a garden-estate, one should avoid too correct forms and pedantry unusual for the Russian mentality.

Benches, swings and gazebos are of a dull color, most often white.
Do not get carried away with exotic flowers, and it is better to prefer lawns covered with clover and dandelions to lawns. There must be several coniferous trees, among which, of course, the spruce - the emblem of the Russian forest.

Among the accessories, in addition to those mentioned, there are also flowerpots, old, mossy statues, wrought iron lattices.
The gamut of the Russian garden is watercolor, without loud components, white, heavenly, pink, lilac and cream shades prevail in it.

Mediterranean (Italian) style of garden design

This is a southern version of the landscape, a resort near the house.
Expressive strokes:

play of light and shadow;
patio as the center of the composition;
tropical plants in ceramic tubs;
pool;
pergolas and umbrellas;
wide, white-painted benches;
mosaic-paved paths and platforms;
stone terraces or wide steps.

Mediterranean garden - a synthesis of stones, terracotta, plants that surround the water in the pool. The layout is strict, because the homeland of the classical canons is the Mediterranean, Hellas and Rome.
The patio is covered with ceramic tiles; for awnings, white, blue, yellow canvas is used.
The territory is landscaped with palms in tubs, cypresses, magnolias, acacia, silver olives, almonds and pistachios. Show topiary skill, trimming crowns in the form of balls and pyramids. Crocuses, hyacinths, climbing roses, snapdragons and levkoi, lilies, primroses are cultivated. And also dried flowers - immortelle, kermek, decorative bows and cereals.

Pergolas entwined with ivy and hanging over alleys, grottoes will fit into the concept of the Italian garden.

Accessories and decor - amphora-shaped vases, flower pots against a background of white walls and shutters, Corinthian columns and porticoes, imitation of antique ruins.
The colors of the garden are shades of sand and sea.

Japanese landscape design

A traditional garden in Japan is part of the worldview, a territory not for fun, but for thought and contemplation. There are no accidents in it, aesthetics for the sake of aesthetics: all components symbolize certain elements, express yin and yang.
Western rationalism with its straightforwardness, unnatural symmetry and geometry is alien to Japanese gardens.
In fact, this is a cast, a toy copy of a large-scale landscape, in which there are rivers and mountains, tall trees and low bushes.

Signs of a Japanese garden:

asymmetry as the basis for planning;
many stones from rather large boulders to fine gravel, groups of them (rock gardens);
tree crowns formed in the form of hills;
a variety of reservoirs: a stream, a pond, a stone bowl with water;
paved, step-by-step trails;
Dry streams;
moss, ferns;
bamboo hedges, gates;
gazebo - tea house.

The Japanese garden is distinguished by its seclusion - most often it is hidden behind walls, due to which, as well as boulders and grottoes, it is associated with a refuge.

All water bodies in a Japanese garden have a natural appearance - that is, they are not fountains or pools.

One of the important characteristics of a Japanese garden is its off-season nature, it is planned in such a way as to facilitate reflection and contemplation at any time of the year. The garden should be pleasing to the eye both in early spring and late autumn, and even in winter. To do this, they use not only evergreens, but also Japanese lanterns in branches, trees with winding trunks, bizarre roots and driftwood.

The attributes of a Japanese-style garden are benches made of roughly sawn wood or stone, graceful, curved bridges over streams, ropes.
The paths in such a park are not easy, they symbolize the path of life and are covered with flat, every step, stones.
Typical flora - pine and maple, cherry, bamboo. It is imperative to include plants whose leaves acquire a scarlet, crimson, crimson color.
The range of the Japanese garden is gray-green, white, brown, red-brown, carmine; transitions from color to color are blurry, blurry.

Despite the fact that the direction implies laconicism and extreme simplicity, it is quite difficult to implement the idea of minimalism in the garden. After all, it has to be implemented using the minimum number of tools.
The principles of such a garden:

the use of relief differences for division into zones;
spaciousness, isolation of objects;
steps, stairs;
straight as arrows of the path;
geometric regular pond.

Garden accessories and minimalist garden décor have something in common with hi-tech, but are less varied. These are, in particular, polished balls made of metal, stone or concrete, strict but effective diode lamps, painted gravel, lightweight outdoor furniture made of plastic or aluminum.

Gravel and crushed stones can completely replace lawns. Trees and shrubs are distinguished by graphical forms - these are plane trees, spruces and thuja, columnar juniper.

For vertical gardening, hops, actinidia, wild grapes are used. Sedges and ferns, mosses and grasses are suitable for covering the soil.
Flowers?
- Even minimalism will not do without them, but there should be few bright plants, two or three crops. Zinnias, petunias, asters, chrysanthemums are planted in wooden or plastic boxes, which emphasizes the urban spirit of the style.
Minimalist paints - gray, silver, white, beige, light brown.

emphasis on the structure of the garden, on small architectural forms;
smooth, arched, wavy lines;
use of modern materials;
an abundance of accents;
contrast of color and textures, alternation of well-lit and dark areas;
asymmetric flower beds and flower beds.

Modern is closer to the landscape style with its rejection of the correct outlines that are not inherent in wildlife. But the freedom of style is not unlimited; rather, it is even well dosed.

The central point of the Art Nouveau garden is. The vegetation is planted in groups, in the middle of which there is something unusual, an exotic shrub, for example, or a tree with original color leaves, bright berries, a fancy trunk.
To create contrasts, they combine tall oak and squat willow, common species with dwarf ones. Creepers such as wild grapes, ivy and clematis are widely used.

Pretentiousness, mystery, which the style requires, are added by irises, lilies, nasturtiums, poppies, lilies of the valley, daffodils, variegated succulents and branchy ferns.

Details of the Art Nouveau garden - clear outlines of flower containers, large concrete or terracotta slabs, textured garden parquet, figurines of birds, beetles and butterflies. And also forged lattices with a floral pattern, mounted in gazebos, benches, lanterns and fences.

The colors of the garden are beige, chocolate, silver, pink, burgundy, blue.

High-tech in landscape design

Yes, this fashionable style has made its way into nature, subjecting it to the latest technologies. This landscape is distinguished by:

expressive, chopped shapes, clear boundaries, right angles;
polished stone and wood;
large parts made of glass, metal, finishing with composite materials;
straight or zigzag alleys;
very well-groomed, smooth lawn;
supports for vertical gardening;
an embossed pond in a concrete edging;
straight, like step keys;
modern lamps as a means of decoration and landscape lighting;
fences in the form of cubes, rectangles, balls.

High-tech does not provide for bright flower beds, urging to abandon lush flower beds, an abundance of colors.
For landscaping, they choose not very tall trees and shrubs with hard, dense crowns - boxwood, spruce, juniper, plane trees.
A hedge is formed from barberry, hawthorn, cotoneaster. Small, peculiar flower beds of ferns, hosts, succulents are laid on the lawns.

Straight paths are neatly and densely covered with concrete tiles, wooden blocks, or sprinkled with white, painted gravel.

There can be several artificial ponds, autonomous or interconnected, necessarily of the correct shape, with concrete "banks".

However, a high-tech garden is not at all devoid of decor. It is decorated with balls and spherical vases made of polished stone and mirror metal, abstract monuments, LED lamps.
Containers for plants, pool sides and steps to it, futuristic sculptures are equipped with even, "space" lighting.
And also among the accessories - spherical arbors made of metal or wood, artificial stones, CDs on branches.

The general color is a mixture of gray, chocolate, silver, blue, purple. Dilute the restrained palette with strokes of red, red, black.

Eco-style in landscape design (naturgarden)

Eco-style landscape design is a fashionable hobby today. The essence of the venture is a minimal intrusion into the natural environment in order to preserve the maximum naturalness of the landscape.
Naturgarden is a local, self-sufficient ecosystem in which all elements are connected and support each other. Its signs:

materials of natural origin typical for the area;
authenticity, miraculousness of the relief;
a combination of garden flowers with wild plants, plants and stones;
natural lawns, covered not with lawn grass, but with wild, field;
uneven, intermittent paths, carelessly lined with stones with gaps;
forest trees and shrubs.

The basis of the eco-garden is the flora characteristic of the area. And not only because it meets the criterion of maximum naturalness. But also because such plants are resistant to pests and do not require chemical protection.

The paths are covered with stone, turf or pebbles - they should not be straight, but not too winding, so as not to stand out from the environment.

The attributes of ecological design are primitive-looking furniture made of wood, vine or rattan, a stone hearth or fireplace, a hut or a shed. Stumps and driftwood, sawn trees in the eco-garden replace benches and statues, and a small swamp, bordered by reeds, is a fountain.

The decor of the garden is discreet: lanterns, for example, from bottles suspended from trees, bird feeders, crafts made from vines or hemp. Decorate an eco-site and a house for beetles, a beehive.

Vegetation is selected in such a way that it benefits the fauna, gets along with insects and birds. These are, for example, melliferous flowers that attract bees, bushes where hedgehogs will start, berries that birds will feed on.
The palette of the ecological garden is soft, natural colors.

The garden is an extension of the house, and you do not choose its style when you buy flower seeds and tree seedlings. And much earlier, when you decide what it will be like, its setting. You must admit that it is difficult to imagine a garden in a regular style, adjacent to a high-tech house. Or an oriental, Islamic landscape with an English cottage ...
However, it is not at all necessary to try to embody this or that landscape venture, using everything, from A to Z, style resources. Sometimes a few or only a few style elements are enough for the garden to acquire a spectacular, memorable look.

Throughout the history of the development of gardening art in different countries of the world, their own unique types of gardens and styles of their design have been formed. Despite the fact that some of them managed to lose their original features by our time, their basic concept and principles of organization are still a source of inspiration for landscape designers who design modern homestead territories.

The main types of gardens and styles of their design

In landscape design, there are two main, basic principles, in accordance with which the future image of the landscaped area is formed - these are the so-called formal (regular) and landscape (landscape) styles.

It is noteworthy that all these elements in the overall composition are combined in such a way that the visitor could not immediately cover the entire territory of the park with a glance, but could admire the opening views while walking, passing through its separate spaces - "green rooms", pavilions, courtyards and halls ...

Dutch gardens

They can be considered an example of efficient and maximally rational use of space. For most of them, features of a formal style are characteristic: here you can observe the same strict symmetry, a thoughtful arrangement of geometric elements and shapes. However, in some variations in the design of Dutch gardens, there is a pronounced landscape style, along with which the effective use of space and light is noted.

This trend can be explained quite simply: the Netherlands is one of the most densely populated European countries, so the area of the local territories is usually small and requires a professional approach to its organization and arrangement.

A distinctive feature is the abundance of flowers - tulips, snowdrops, daffodils. A striking example of this is the world famous Royal Flower Park in the Netherlands.

English landscape gardens

They belong to one of the oldest trends in gardening art. Formed for the first time in England at the beginning of the 18th century, this landscape style began to actively spread throughout Europe, displacing the previously more popular, formal direction "à la française", which was used as the main style at that time in European gardening.

French landscape, influenced by the English landscape style (Ermenonville Park);

The French Renaissance is the forerunner of the French formal style, which arose on the basis of the principles of the Italian Renaissance (Château Ambleville with parks in the spirit of the Italian Renaissance).

Italian gardens

Stylistically based on the use of symmetry and strict geometry. It was this direction that had a tremendous impact on the formation of the concept of English and French gardens, and on the history of gardening art in general. A significant role in this was played by the Renaissance, during which in Italy garden and park territories began to expand, acquiring in their appearance a more pronounced geometry and symmetry.

Before the Renaissance, the medieval Italian garden was enclosed in solid insulation of walls and served exclusively as a place for growing fruits, vegetables and medicinal herbs, or, for example, in the monastery gardens, for spending time in prayer and meditation. Figuratively speaking, with the onset of the Renaissance, the wall between the garden and the landscape outside of it was destroyed, and fountains, antique sculptures, water objects began to appear in the territories - everything that was designed to delight and surprise.

An example of such a landscape organization is the Palazzo e Giardino Giusti (Giusti Park) in the east of Verona, built in the 16th century, and to this day is considered one of the best examples of Italian gardening art.

Japanese gardens

A group that includes such traditional types of gardens and private parks as:

Stone lanterns;

Tsukubai - small stone pools, mainly for ritual purposes;

Fences, fences, various devices and devices (shishi-odoshi, etc.);

Trees and flowers (azaleas, camellias, ginkgo, Japanese cedar, sakura, bamboo, willow, Japanese cypress, etc.);

Live fish - mainly in Japan, colorful koi carps (the so-called "brocade carps") are widespread.

As examples that clearly demonstrate the canons of the Japanese style in landscape design, one should cite such well-known parks as:

Kenroku-en (Kanazawa);

Koraku-en (Okayama);

Kairaku-en (Mito).

Korean garden style

They are another example of using the principles of landscape design style. Initially (like the Japanese ones), being influenced by Chinese trends in landscape design, they eventually acquired their unique character, filled with elements of Korean culture and traditions.

For the classic type of landscape gardening areas in Korea, the following details are characteristic:

Evergreen trees and plants - mainly Korean cedar and bamboo;

Natural streams, waterfalls;

It is noteworthy that both formal and landscape style techniques can be used in the organization of such landscapes.

The most famous example of a traditional Persian garden is the Taj Mahal, located in Agra, India. Despite the fact that this historical and cultural object is located outside Iran, its organization clearly demonstrates the main canons of a special planning style characteristic of Persian gardens - the so-called. "Charbag" ("chaharbag"). This style of landscape design provides for the division of space into four rectangular parts, separated by paths or channels with running water.

Spanish gardens

Separate, independent direction. Having largely adopted the features inherent in the Persian, Islamic and Roman styles, this type of garden over time acquired its unique character and gained popularity in different parts of the world - primarily in countries with hot and dry climates.

An interesting feature of the organization of most Spanish-style gardens is the use of numerous techniques and heterogeneous elements aimed at activating the human senses (hearing, smell, touch, etc.)

Small multi-level fountains with bubbling water;

Fragrant flowers and scented herbs;

Fruit trees;

Artificial ponds, etc. "Reflecting" pools;

Objects that provide shade and coolness: arcades (a continuous row of equal arches), pergolas, trellises, garden pavilions;

Drip irrigation systems that keep the air fresh and moist.

The use of symmetry in the improvement of territories subordinate to this direction is one of the basic principles of the original Spanish style. Well-known historical and cultural objects, such as the Generalife, the former residence of the emirs of the Nasrid dynasty who ruled Granada, the Marie Louise Park in Seville, and the Seville Alcazar, are good examples of its implementation.

It takes a lot of effort, investment, style searches, and time to create the garden of your dreams. The value of landscape design lies in the ability to competently and logically distribute and divide the space, place floral and other plant accents on the site. This requires a special creative approach.

Let's consider in more detail the nuances of the design of the site design in this article.

Peculiarities

It is human nature to surround himself with beauty. Today you can create natural harmony and landscape beauty with your own hands. The main thing is to follow the chosen direction. And the choice here is really very large. The modern style of a garden or a personal plot can tell a lot about the owner: his tastes, preferences, knowledge.

Today, in suburban settlements, one can find both separate directions and a mixture of styles. Eclecticism here has its own characteristic features - in one corner you can see the Alpine design, in the other - the avant-garde. The use of different styles allows you to find a solution for a specific site using modern building, covering and other materials, for example, geotextiles.

Stylistic solutions

In landscape design, all attention is paid to details: the shape of alleys and paths, a selection of plants, the color palette of the entire site, the presence of ponds and hills. The styles chosen may vary in popularity, but not in energy.

Any landscape is good if done with soul. For example, you can organize a chalet on flat terrain. But let's dwell on the most common styles.

Landscape

This style is the most natural, classic. There is another popular name for it - English, as it is named for its commitment to classicism and traditions. A characteristic feature of this genre is the strict symmetry inherent in the landscape style. This applies to both the layout of the site and the trimmed shrubs. The naturalness of the wild in this aspect is absent - everything is ruled by rationality, regularity in caring for the garden.

You can also find such a name for the landscape style as cottage. Wealthy people living in cottages outside the city need a calm, predictable atmosphere, while at the same time not devoid of some riot of vegetation. For this, certain types of plants are suitable, for example, a bright, catchy spirea.

Signs of a landscape style in garden landscaping:

straight paths, paths and alleys;
strict outlines of flower beds;
classic view of trees and reservoirs;
the presence of fountains (especially in the middle of the composition);
the presence of gazebos at the intersection of paths.

Landscape design is best suited for large areas (not less than 15 acres)... The color palette of the landscape can be of any kind, the transition of shades should be soft.

For a more natural look in the design often natural material (stone, wood) is used.

In a landscape style, it is preferable to use topiary plants - linden, thuja, pyramidal poplar, maple are suitable for the main vegetation. A worthy decoration of the garden will be grapes, jasmine, lilac, juniper.

It is better to put a gazebo with a rounded shape with an imitation of an ancient Greek portico, or you can use pergolas. The garden will be decorated with cast or wrought iron benches and ledges. To complete the composition, sculptural figures, columns, flowerpots on a leg and arches are suitable.

In the landscape style and in any of its varieties, there is romance and a desire for harmonious combinations, correct geometry (a combination of both strict and more loyal shapes and sizes), much depends on the general style of site design.

Regular

Austerity and symmetry are also present in the regular landscape design style. This is more French chic with popular pivot compositions.

All attention is given to the key object in the landscape. The central figure is a sculpture, a tree, a fountain, a bush and even a house. All items are arranged symmetrically in relation to each other... It is worth emphasizing, though, that experimentation is appropriate in a regular style. You can put a classic gazebo, and break a motley flower garden around. The reservoir can be natural or artificial, like a gazebo (for example, from shrubs).

The choice of plants for a regular garden is based on fundamentally important factors:

strict symmetry and axial compositions;
central or key figures;
neat lawn and paths;
symmetrical arrangement of flowers, shrubs and trees;
planted flower beds in a certain order;
the presence of gazebos made of plants (bosquet) is encouraged;
The main flower garden in a regular garden usually consists of long-flowering plants (for example, marigolds or pergolas);
it is better to choose bush plants that retain their shape for a long time after cutting (for example, barberry, maple, hawthorn, spirea);
symmetrical crop plantings can be diluted with plant species from their natural environment.

Scandinavian

The sophisticated and free Scandinavian style in landscape design attracts with the chaotic distribution of trees, flowers, bushes or sculptural figures on the site, an abundance of vegetation of different varieties and their bold combinations. At the same time, in the design of such a garden, there is a clear line of harmonious combination of all elements, including garden furniture.

In many modern sites, the eye catches on to beautiful wicker or wood furniture. It creates an indescribable feeling of home coziness and comfort.

Some designers advise to move away from stereotypes and give preference not to refined benches, but to large hewn logs. Even a simple driftwood under a bush can bring more positive emotions than a chic sculpture.

In the Scandinavian style, the emphasis is on natural beauty and naturalness, natural shades in the design of the landscape. The presence of pebbles, cobblestones and branches, "accidentally" found around the bend of the path, is encouraged.

Unusual shapes of objects are considered appropriate here.(benches, tables, awnings). A beautiful canvas of flowers can coexist next to a high hedge. In general, there should be plenty of greenery in such a garden.

In the Scandinavian style, details play an important role. So, the overall picture can be diluted with some kind of village utensils.

The main points that decide a lot in the Scandinavian style of site design:

the obligatory presence of stones (from ordinary and untreated blocks to small pebbles);
artificial grottoes against the background of various plants create a natural phenomenon;
the presence of decorative elements made of wood or stone;
no asphalt paths, only lawn or stone;
free rectangular areas are also created of stone, and brightly colored plants and even berry bushes are planted around the perimeter;
on such a site there should be no clear zoning.

Russian estate

Of great interest in landscape design is the design of a garden in the style of a Russian estate. The main difference between this design is that beauty and practicality are skillfully combined in it. In such a garden, both bright flower beds and neat vegetable beds look great.

Harmony is the main success factor in decorating a Russian estate. But it is worth considering that a vegetable garden in everyday life is inappropriate here... It looks more like a decorative element of the landscape. In this style it is the mini-vegetable gardens that are practiced "for the soul and benefit"- this is one of the conditions for decorating a garden in the Russian style.

The natural environment, even some carelessness and randomness of vegetation on the site are also one of the characteristic features of this style.

The garden requires regular maintenance, but without fanaticism. It is more difficult to create a natural or natural landscape under the guidance of a gardener. In this case, you can do without cutting the bushes, but the lawn must be well-groomed. In the Russian garden, you can use both typical Russian latitudes and exotic plants.

Particular attention is paid to the topic of zoning on the site, when it needs to be divided into recreational and functional areas.

On the example of many sites, one can see the arrangement of accents made of stones, architectural elements, vegetable fences, and gazebos. If we take examples of what old Russian estates looked like, then we can recall the vast areas with forest, where birch, oak, coniferous plants grew. Near the house, lilac bushes and fragrant flowers always adorned.

The breadth and generosity of the Russian soul is expressed not only in the song, but also in the spaciousness... Moreover, in order to feel free, it is not necessary to have large allotments. The main thing is the competent use of landscape space.

Japanese

It is a themed garden, attuning to East Asian philosophy. A feature of the Japanese-style garden is the maximum unity with nature. At the same time, here you will not find a chaotic planting of plants or "randomly" scattered stones and sculptures. Japanese-style landscaping is possible even on a miniature plot, where there are usually several dwarf plants from the conifer species.

Thanks to the sophisticated psychology of Japanese designers, a unique, inimitable landscape is created on the site, which does not accept the correct geometric outlines. The Japanese garden is characterized by the creation of several functional zones at once, regardless of the area..

The interzonal space has very smooth transitions thanks to the right choice of plants and materials. The classic Japanese style garden appears only in calm, delicate colors.

Chinese

Another type of Asian-style site is a Chinese garden. It is not always possible to equip a garden in this style the first time. Although it seems that the ideas of a Chinese garden are simple, they are easy to implement.

The main subtleties of Chinese landscape design are that different styles can be easily combined here... For example, it is easy for the uninitiated to confuse Japanese and Chinese landscaping. In fact, there are a lot of differences here. Japanese style, like Chinese style, emphasizes the superiority and beauty of nature itself. but for the Chinese, it is important to emphasize the man-made garden.

The elements of water, fire and earth are the main components of the landscape.

When decorating a site, wood and metal are necessarily used. The design options in such a garden are extremely diverse. Therefore, before changing the general view of the site, it is worth deciding on the design directions in the Chinese style:

the classic design of the garden - with the presence of bright colors and smooth transitions, with many decorative elements;
the creation of a philosophical garden - a corner for solitude and reflection, without bright color spots;
home garden - looks more like a small decorative garden;
a calm or aggressive Chinese style garden.

The entire landscape is settled under tall or, conversely, low plants. But a full-fledged Chinese-style garden can only be planted over a large area.

Country

The sophisticated rustic country style attracts by the fact that it seems to many to be very familiar and familiar. This rural style in the design of the site has been known for a long time; subsequently, the designers managed to find other approaches to decorating the garden in an eco-style.

Free flight of imagination against the backdrop of a natural riot of colors, lush flower beds, low hedges with a mysterious wicket. Free eco-style in the design of the site implies naturalness and undemanding care.

Country-style landscape design can be arranged even at a summer cottage.

The main features of the country style:

the presence of trees of different sizes;
rural simplicity;
romance;
bench near the house;
low white fence or wattle;
fragrant berry bushes and small fruit trees;
country gazebos;
all kinds of paths and paths bordered with flowers.

Three basic principles are used to create a country-style garden. Site registration should be built on romance, softness, without inclusions of exotic flowers... Hydrangeas, phlox, peonies, lilacs or jasmine are preferred. Chamomile, cornflowers, field grasses, yarrow and plantain are suitable as decorative frames.

A slight negligence is inherent in romance - in such a garden you will not see perfectly flat paths and an English lawn... There is a feeling of the presence of a particle of the environment in the garden, without human intervention.

Artificial decorative materials are practically inappropriate here, even graceful plastic figurines will noticeably stand out against the general background of tranquility and natural harmony. But the presence of clay pots, wooden watering cans, carts with vegetation and even old wheels are welcome.

Country style fit in accessories that recreate the old rustic style... For example, a small mill, if a stream flows nearby, a gazebo from a rose garden, a wooden trough or bucket.

Country humor is the clay figurines of gnomes or wooden sculptures of animals.

Modern

The modern styling of the personal plot is embodied in a striking example of Art Nouveau. There is also a mixture of minimalism and hi-tech here. This style reflects the personality of the owners of the house, who prefer a bright urban style in design.

The Art Nouveau garden does not take up much space. All you need is already at hand - a lawn with clear lines, a couple of bushes, flowers and herbs in the corner, free planning or zoning, perhaps a pond or a stream. The geometry of the garden here seems to be more symbolic, natural, unpretentious.

The presence of forging elements on a bench in the garden, a German-style lantern will perfectly complement the general view of the site. The simplicity of the garden lies in the fact that it is clearly visible from any side.

Art Nouveau landscape also implies contrasts. This applies to shapes, lines and colors, horizontal and vertical transitions, the play of light and shadow. When organizing a style garden, it is necessary to select plants, preferably exotic species. The more unusual or unusual the color of large leaves of garden plants, the better. Bushes can be trimmed in the most unusual shape and make them spherical, rectangular with transitions. Preference is given to bushy plants, which are easy to give the desired geometric shape.

The well-groomed Art Nouveau garden contrasts with the lush vegetation of asymmetrical shapes.

You can plant rhododendrons, giving them, on the one hand, a bizarre look, and on the other, leaving them in a slightly original form. From plants unchanged companions in the Art Nouveau style for a long time have been girlish grapes, clematis, bindweed, hops.

The original patterns on the green carpet are created by the contrasting combination of floral plants. Bionics, vintage and architectural forms in Art Nouveau landscape design can combine the characteristic features of classic design elements, any theme is chosen.

Provence

The sophisticated look and romance of the Provence style garden goes back to the original source - French Provence. This style, with lavender fields, winding paths, ornate decorative elements on stone walls, fills the garden with indescribable charm.

Soft, energizing style Provence in landscape design embodies both Mediterranean and Italian design... Garden decoration in this style is typical for the most part for countries with arid hot climates.

Each owner of a land plot wants to design it so that it looks not only beautiful, but also unique. For this, there are different areas of landscape design, which have their own characteristics and characteristics.

A well-thought-out layout of the territory, as well as the chosen color scheme, plants, decor, furniture and equipment, allow you to create a unique landscape composition even at the most primitive object.

Peculiarities

Currently, special attention is paid to landscape design. After all, a beautifully decorated garden or a personal plot creates a favorable atmosphere and a feeling of comfort. Only a properly planned landscape looks really stylish and presentable.

To decorate the territory, such elements of landscape design are used as:

planting materials in the form of trees, shrubs and lawns;
architectural elements, which include paths, gazebos, sculptures, bridges and awnings;
rock garden components in the form of flower beds, flower beds and retaining structures;
elements of reservoirs from cascades, streams and ponds.

Any direction of landscape design is a whole philosophy, which is based on a certain type of art and creativity. Using this or that style, you can create a comfortable environment not only for yourself, but also for those around you.

The main thing is that the entire site has the appearance of a single composition, only then will it radiate aesthetic beauty and look complete.

Main groups

All styles of landscape design have their own characteristics and characteristics, which should definitely be paid due attention to. It must be remembered that each direction in the landscape is intended for a specific area, therefore, before making a final choice, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the description of the option of interest.

Conventionally, all landscape directions are divided into two main groups:

Regular. They are characterized by strict geometric shapes and patterns.
Landscape. They are as close as possible to nature and its natural beauty.

Each of these groups includes certain styles that differ in their individual characteristics.

Classical

This regular style is based on strict symmetry and clear geometric shapes. This direction is intended for voluminous areas, where it is possible to translate all creative ideas into reality.

The constituent elements of such a landscape are straight alleys, neat flower beds, round gazebos, wrought iron benches, pergolas, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of arches, columns, antique sculptures and stone balls. In the very center of the site there are necessarily beautiful fountains and reservoirs.

Thujas, maples, lindens, jasmine and lilacs are planted from trees here, and flowers are presented in the form of roses, begonias, salvias and phlox.

Modern

Refined style of landscape design, which is characterized by such features as elegance and high cost. Particular attention is paid to architecture and accessories here, while vegetation fades into the background. The central element in the design is always the house, which smoothly and very harmoniously complements the rest of the objects.

Preference is given to materials of natural origin, which gives the furnishings a nobility.

Plants with a sharp leaf shape, such as hops or girlish grapes, are beautifully planted in groups to create an atmosphere of comfort and tranquility.

The color scheme consists of black, white, chocolate, beige, silver, blue and purple shades. Red and yellow colors are allowed as a contrast. The presence of a fountain or a stream serves as a wonderful decoration, which give the territory a special freshness.

Beautiful gazebos, benches and fences are surely complemented by forged elements on a plant theme. In addition, figures of birds and animals in bronze colors are used as decoration.

Oriental

It is characterized by a wide variety of plants and architectural forms used. This style is based on several directions at the same time:

Chinese. When decorating, each element is arranged according to the rules of feng shui. Particular attention is focused on plants, which are presented in the form of fruit and evergreen trees, shrubs, medicinal herbs and flowers. The function of decoration is performed by bronze sculptures, wooden figurines, as well as architectural forms. Cozy gazebos and small houses create a favorable atmosphere for spending time.
Japanese. He is characterized by such features as minimalism and laconicism. Each component part carries a certain meaning here, and is also a symbol of Japan. An alpine slide and sakura are considered a must.

Asian. Designed for large areas where it is possible to create real comfort and harmony. The design uses gentle tones and clear contours, so that each composition looks very stylish and aesthetically beautiful. Stones of various shapes are an integral part of this trend, so they complement almost every component of the landscape.

The oriental style is characterized by clear planning of zones, as well as the correct geometric arrangement of trees, bushes and flowers, which together give a sense of serene tranquility.

Modern

A landscape design style that is distinguished by sophistication and grace. It is characterized by simple geometric shapes and linear designs. In the process of arranging the site, materials such as natural wood, metal and concrete are used. The decor is modern sculptures, makeshift fireplaces and garden furniture. Of the plants, cacti, non-flowering plants, dracaena, yucca, succulents and grass are appropriate here.

The most popular areas of modern style include:

Minimalism. It is created using laconic forms and a minimum number of constituent elements. Great for both large and small areas. The main rule here is to divide the territory into separate zones. The color scheme consists of white, silver, cream and light terracotta shades. For landscaping, trees such as birch, thuja, pine, maple, willow, as well as various fruit plantations are used.

High tech. A style that does not require compliance with clear lines and a certain decor, making it suitable for the embodiment of the most extraordinary ideas. For the decoration of the site, materials such as glass, stone, metal, plastic and polycarbonate are used. Good lighting is important, which most often has the form of LEDs neatly located in modern lighting fixtures.

Loft. It is considered the most budgetary option for landscape design. Brick and masonry are appropriate here, and ordinary pallets, boxes, pots and decorative lamps are often used as decor. The color scheme is quite restrained and is presented in light, cold shades.

The design in this style looks simple enough, but at the same time functional and beautiful.

Vanguard. An amazing and extraordinary style, which is characterized by the most daring experiments and unusual lines. In such a design, not only a cottage plot will look original, but also any park or alley. It harmoniously combines bright flowering plants and a calm atmosphere that have a beneficial effect on those around them. This free style is distinguished by the author's idea, which, with the help of imagination and creativity, is successfully implemented on the object.

Bionics. A fairly new design direction, where preference is given to ecological materials of natural origin. Interesting lamps with imitation of waterfalls, flowers, trees or marine life are used as decorations. This feature gives the atmosphere a certain romance and comfort.

Of particular beauty to the site is given by mirror or glossy surfaces in the form of paths or other landscape elements.

Each of these directions is a real fashion trend that can make even the most primitive area a chic design composition.

Ethnic

This direction of landscape design is characterized by the creation of a comfortable and aesthetically pleasing area for relaxation, in accordance with all the proper rules. It is important here to correctly place accents with plants, furniture and decorative elements.

The most popular ethnic styles are:

Alpine. Its main features are considered to be durability and ease of creation. Stone is actively used here, from which all kinds of slides, paths and boulders are created. All compositions are designed in light colors with the use of appropriate alpine plants. It is perfect for both large and very small areas.

Landscape. This style creates beautiful imitations of meadows, fields, forests or other natural landscapes. Decorative elements made of natural materials in the form of wooden arbors, hemp and logs harmoniously complement the landscape composition. A good decoration will be a small lake or pond, the shores of which will be lined with sand and pebbles, and water lilies and water lilies will float in the water. Forest and wildflowers add special beauty to the territory.

Rustic. It does not require strict planning, and any materials at hand are suitable for its creation. Such a rural landscape design provides for a minimum of costs, but at the same time it is very picturesque, cozy and comfortable. Handmade furniture looks original, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of wicker baskets, wooden carts and antique bicycles. The flowerbeds on the site are arranged in random order and play the role of a kind of bright accents.
Country. A democratic style characterized by simplicity, solidity and closeness to nature. The paths are made of bricks, wood or slabs, along which grass, lilac, jasmine and wildflowers grow. A beautiful gazebo from a log house, a pond or a stream, through which a garden bridge is thrown, create a favorable atmosphere for full relaxation and tranquility.

Wickerwork, swings, wells, as well as wooden benches, buckets and watering cans serve as a wonderful decoration.

Provence. An exquisite and delicate style of landscape design, with the help of which you can easily create a beautiful recreation area. In addition to flower beds, it is appropriate here to plant flowers in boxes and baskets, combining their different options with each other. The Provence style is characterized by delicate colors in beige, white, pink, blue and purple tones.

English. An ideal solution for large areas, where there is an opportunity to embody design fantasy into reality. Strict forms and straight lines are completely absent here, therefore each constituent element of the landscape is characterized by unevenness, sinuousness and natural form. Preference is given to natural materials such as wood, stone, sandstone or gravel.

Mandatory items are gazebos, swings, barbecues and bridges with forging elements.

Mediterranean. A style with a pronounced Greek accent, the color scheme of which is presented in white, blue, yellow and terracotta tones. The plots are decorated with a huge number of flowers arranged in ceramic pots. The inalienable attributes of this landscape direction are open gazebos and fountains, around which paths of stone or ceramic tiles are neatly laid out.

Comfortable rattan furniture or wrought-iron benches, complemented by soft pillows, add a special coziness to the atmosphere.

Scandinavian. It feels functionality, simplicity, restraint and orderliness. The color scheme is designed in natural shades such as green, blue, brown, red, yellow and gray. Wood and stone are used as the main materials. For this style, vine or rattan furniture is perfect, complemented by decorative elements such as sculptures, as well as antiques in the form of carts, spindles, wheels, barrels and ceramic shards.

Italian. In this style, you can observe a clear division of the site into separate zones using straight or diagonal lines. In the center, there must be a small reservoir, a fountain or a beautiful statue. This design trend is characterized by a multitude of stones that adorn almost every element of the landscape. Plants can be planted with miniature roses, Japanese quince, Italian pines, cypresses, jasmine, almonds and Amur grapes.

French. It implies the design of the territory in the form of unique compositions with clear lines and even geometric shapes. Neat paths, as well as walnut and juniper alleys, perfectly emphasize the beauty of this style. The centerpiece is a pond, fountain, pool or statue. Beautiful lawns, decorated with pebbles along the edges, look especially aristocratic.

Mauritanian. Differs in an abundance of lush flower gardens and tropical plants. The reservoirs present on the site have a rectangular or square shape, the bottom of which is lined with colored tiles or stones in the form of a bright ornament. Pergolas are also characterized by a square or rectangular shape and can be decorated with blooming vines.

Indian. For plots decorated in this style, strict geometry is inherent, therefore, the landscape area here looks like a single whole. The presence of various water elements in the form of canals, pools, fountains and lakes creates a feeling of complete harmony with nature. The gazebos are decorated with fresh flowers and carved trellises. All paths are laid out of colored gravel, along which statuettes and lanterns are located.

This direction of landscape design allows the maximum use of trees, shrubs and flowers.

Chalet. An amazing style, where in the main part of the site there are different mountain landscapes in the form of alpine hills, beautiful slopes and rockeries. The characteristic features of this trend are the zoning of the territory, the presence of alpine slides, water bodies, beautiful paths and lawns, as well as bright flower beds. The color scheme is presented in light and calm tones, but sometimes blotches in the form of red and orange shades are allowed.

From vegetation, it is appropriate to use coniferous, evergreen trees such as pine, spruce, thuja and cypress.

Rigorous flower beds, immaculately trimmed trees and shrubs. It is based on the stable, time-tested canons of classical art. This style landscape design will look best on sites large size - from 15 ares... Such a garden needs very careful maintenance. . English style (landscape) - free placement of elements and a complete lack of symmetry. This style is naturalness itself. It seems to merge with the surrounding nature, there are no regular geometric and deliberately created forms in it. Best size plot for this style - from 12 ares.

. French style - clarity and perfect symmetry. The garden in this style is very sophisticated and cozy. The soul of the garden is harmony. A lawn of a simple shape, some fruit and ornamental trees, a paved area next to the house, low curbs along the paths, fountains ... This style is suitable for both 6 ares and for larger areas.

. Country style (rustic) - naturalness and ease. Everything in it reminds of rural life. Country music is characterized by some carelessness, cheerfulness, a motley mixture of bright colors. The garden should grow many beautiful flowers that are simple and unpretentious. This garden does not require complex maintenance and can be arranged on a plot of any size, but optimally - from 6 to 12 ares.

. Ecodesign - recreation of a corner of wild nature, and the main thing here is naturalness. Minimum intrusion into nature. A pond, "dry" retaining walls, large stones among plants, forest trees, shady corners - all this is about him. If you like to enjoy the view of a forest or meadow, this style landscape design- For you. It is economical and easy to clean. It is suitable for areas of all sizes and shapes.

. Japanese style - the focus of peace and tranquility. Its mystery lies in its simplicity. This is a special philosophy. All elements are symbolic and full of hidden meaning. This garden is intended for contemplation and reflection, and therefore every detail in it must play a specific role. In general, a Japanese garden should help to abandon one's own thoughts, to know the beauty and infinity of the world. This style landscape design suitable for areas of absolutely any size, but optimal from 6 to 8 acres.

. East style - colorfulness and cheerfulness. It is rich in bright accents and original details. Unusually comfortable and conducive to communication. An abundance of sunlight is one of the requirements for this style. The patio, mosaics, fountains, carpet beds, domed roof structures and "lancet" windows for gazebos, lots of ceramics. The oriental style is characterized by the use of mirrors in the design of the garden. Oriental style in landscape design ideal for plots before 6 ares, with close proximity of neighboring houses.

. Fantasy - puzzle style. In this garden there must certainly be some kind of secret and a very ancient secret. Winding paths and paths leading to "nowhere", old brick, moss on stones, overgrown ponds and streams, dry trees and bizarre driftwood ... All this gives rise to the image of the distant Middle Ages, Gothic. Best size plot for this style - from 8 to 25 ares.

. Mediterranean style - nostalgia for the sunny south. Turkey, Spain, Italy, Greece ... Endless sky blue, refreshing breezes and short warm rains ... There are no lawns in this style. Mostly used are baskets and containers with scented plants, which are displayed in picturesque groups on patios or gravel backfill. They also use ceramics, handmade accessories, geometric ornaments, seashells, etc. The garden areas are visually separated by numerous wooden pergolas and trellises. This style looks on small areas - from 6 to 8 acres.

. Exotic style - the image of distant tropical countries. A riot of colors, shapes, as well as bizarre accessories (African idols, figurines of tropical animals and birds) and unusual combinations. In this style of landscaping, only natural materials are used: a lot of stone, dark wood, gravel and sand. Plants are arranged in tiers, like in the jungle. Dense plantings, many hedges - not molded. As a reservoir, a stream or swamp. Best size plot - from 6 to 20 acres.

. Romantic style (free) - the name speaks for itself. It has no strict framework. Complete freedom of creativity and imagination! The main thing here is harmony and tranquility, individual performance and a sense of romance. This garden can grow old, large trees with spreading foliage, many flowers, climbing plants. This style of landscape design combines landscape and regular, geometric shapes, there is both symmetry and asymmetry. The main thing is that such diversity does not violate visual harmony. It is best to arrange this style on the site - from 8 to 25 ares.

. Scandinavian style - brevity, naturalness, simplicity and good quality. Accents and contrasts are a must. Let them be few, but they should be bright. Garden accessories are not used much, but they can be large. Some household items of the past are also used to decorate the garden in this style: trolley wheels, old equipment, dishes, etc. Weaving is widely used: baskets, hanging panels, garden figurines. The Scandinavian garden promotes good relaxation and mood. Easy to care for. The best site size for its device is from 5 to 7 ares.

. High tech - modernity, dynamism, individuality. Even the wildest fantasies can be realized here. First of all, hi-tech is manifested in a combination of the latest materials and plants: from the most common to the most spectacular. Unusual designs and accessories can be the highlight of the garden. There is geometric symmetry or asymmetry here. For this garden, it is important to choose plants with an interesting shape of leaves and crowns, making some catchy accents from some. Such a garden is easy to maintain. The size of the lot doesn't matter.

. Modern - graceful and mysterious. The lines are smooth, fluid, bewitching, arched, as if flowing into themselves. It also has elegance and meaning. The landscape design of the garden in the Art Nouveau style - mainly has a decorative function. It requires careful maintenance. Plants with a sharp leaf shape are characteristic of Art Nouveau, but there should be a lot of climbing plants (maiden grapes) on the site. In the Art Nouveau garden, only natural materials are used: natural stone, dark wood, metal forging with a complex pattern. The optimal patch size for this style is from 10 ares.

. Baroque - chic, picturesque, sophistication. His soul is a rose. In it you will not see dark wood, sculptures and stones. The main colors of this style are red, yellow, orange, white and pink, as well as gold. Baroque combines elements of classical and romantic styles. This garden is luxury itself. The oversaturation with elements, the abundance of garden decor is simply amazing. Ceremonial lawns with flower borders, hedges, openwork gazebos, flower beds - islands, white forging and gilding - truly, a palace outfit. Such a garden needs constant care. Best size plot - from 15 to 20 acres and more.

. Alpine style - beautiful mountainous landscape. In such a garden, the house usually stands on the highest point of the slope so that a beautiful panorama opens up from there. Stone is the soul of such a garden. Here it is present everywhere: retaining walls, stone beds, streams and waterfalls, paved platforms and steps, etc. Zones in an alpine garden should be partially visible and provide a single, interconnected picture, therefore solid partitions are not used here, basically the garden is zoned by levels, podiums, paving boundaries. Several alpine slides, rock gardens and rockeries may be present in the garden. Cascading reservoirs are connected by streams. Gardens of stones, mosses and heathers will definitely take you directly to the mountains ... Alpine-style trees - conifers (mountain pines, junipers, thuja, spruce, etc.) The size of the plot for the Alpine style - from 6 to 30 ares.

. Forest style - a work of art created by nature itself. The invasion here should be minimal. It is only necessary to link the house with nature, to place accents here and there, to emphasize something. The main thing is not to violate the originality of nature and to use everything that is given. The key element is the forest landscape and everything connected with it (wild flowers, ponds, streams, etc.). Redevelopment in the garden is minimal. The main material is wood. Everything should be made from natural materials. The size of the lot doesn't matter.

. Architectural style - this is the correctness of forms, clarity, engineering calculation. Although regular, modern and high-tech styles are intertwined in it, it has its own "ideological foundation". An individual approach is the main thing in such a garden. Emphasized geometric lines and shapes reign here: squares, circles, triangles, etc. A characteristic feature of the architectural style is the theme, which is repeated in several elements. A certain rhythm should be visible in it (a square border - a square reservoir - rectangular paving elements). Symmetry is a must in this garden. The range of light colors and their shades prevails. The best size for a garden in this style is from 6 to 20 ares.

. Minimalism - brevity, simplicity and expressiveness. If you are a lover of restraint and modern style, then minimalism is designed specifically for your garden. Geometry here means composition, not just symmetry and regularity. There are many paving stones here. Use only one material in the garden. Here you will not find winding paths, many outbuildings, a lawn decorated with flower borders. The line and shape of each element of the layout is revealed as much as possible. Few details. Minimalism's motto is "more in small". In this garden, it doesn't matter what, but how. Optimal size plot - from 6 to 12 ares .