"Good attitude to horses", analysis of the poem of Mayakovsky. Analysis of the poem of Mayakovsky good attitude towards horses

Pooh Vladimir Mayakovsky " Good relationship To the horses "the young poet Futurist created after the revolution, in 1918. Feeling an outcast in the surrounding society, Mayakovsky adopted a revolution with big enthusiasm, hoping for significant changes, both in your life and in life ordinary peopleHowever, he soon disappointed in her ideals, making conclusions for himself that although the state system was changed, people most remained the same. Stupidity, rigidity, treachery and merciless remained in priority from most representatives of almost all social classes, and this was impossible to do something. The new state, the propagating primacy of equality and justice, was Mayakovsky in the soul, only the people of his surrounding, causing him suffering and pain, often received his evil ridicule and ulcer jokes in response, who performed as a protective reaction of the young poet to insult the crowd.

Problems of work

The poem was created by Mayakovsky after he himself witnessed how the "horse on the corner crashed on the crushing bridge". In a straightforward manner characteristic of him, he shows the reader as it happened and describes how the escaped crowd responded to this, for which this incident appeared very comical and fun: "Laughter rang and spied: - The horse fell! Horse fell! - laughed Kuznetsky. "

And only one author, who accidentally passed near, did not wish to become part of the crowd and having fun over the poor. He was struck by the "animal longing", which was buried in the depths of horsepower, and he wanted to somehow support and bind a poor tummy. Mentally, he asked her to stop crying and comforted: "Baby, we all a little horse, each of us in your own way."

And the redhead mare, as if he felt and realizing his kindness and warm participation in her fate, rises to his feet and goes on. The words of the support that she received from the random passerby give her strength to overcome her problems, she again feels like a young and energetic, ready to continue hard, sometimes there was an unbearable hard labor: "And she seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living "

Composition and artistic techniques

For the transmission of the atmosphere of tragic loneliness, the author applies various artistic techniques: sounding (transmission of the subject of the subject through the sounds published to them) - the knock of horsepins "mushroom, robbery, coffin", allyteration - repetition of consonant sounds [l], [g], [ ], [b] To create a soundtrack of a horsepower at readers of a sound picture of the city pavement, Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds [y], [and], [a] helps to betray the sounds of the crowd "The horse fell! Horse fell! ", Horsepower cries of pain and screaming ZEVAK.

Special sensuality and originality of the work of Mayakovsky gives the use of neologisms (culse, ottapap, opite, worse), as well as bright metaphors (the street overturned, the longing pulled out, the laughter spied). The poem is rich in a variety of rhymes:

• Truncated inaccurate (a bad horse, zooaka - spied), according to Mayakovsky, she led to unexpected associations, the emergence of atypical images and ideas that he really liked;
• Non-aloven (wool - rustle, stall - cost);
• Composite (in how to him - in his own way, one I am horsepower);
• Omonemic (I went - adjective, went - verb).

Mayakovsky compared himself with this drunk, an old horse, over the problems of which laugh and mock all someone lazy. Similar to this red mare-drone, he needed a simple human participation and understanding, dreamed of the very common attention to his personality, which would help him to live, attached strength, energy and inspiration to go ahead in his difficult and sometimes very thorny creative trail.

Sorry but inner world The poet, which is distinguished by depth, fragility and contradictory, no one, even his friends, was not particularly interested in what later led to the tragic death of the poet. But in order to get at least a little friendly participation, to earn a simple human understanding and spiritual warmth, Mayakovsky was not even against swapping places with a regular horse.

Subject: from the literature of the XX century

Lesson: Poem V.V. Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses"

High, broadcaster, with courageous and sharp features of the face, Mayakovsky was actually a very kind, soft and wounded person. Very loved animals (Fig. 1).

It is known that he could not pass by a homeless cat or a dog, chose them, attached from acquaintances. One day, 6 dogs and 3 cats lived in the room at the same time, one of whom could bore kittens. The apartment hostess ordered this nickname immediately, and Mayakovsky hurriedly began to look for pets of new owners.

Fig. 1. Photo. Mayakovsky with a dog ()

One of the most heartfelt recognition in love for the "brothers to our smaller" is perhaps in the whole world literature - we will find from Mayakovsky:

I love the beast.

See the dog -

here at the bakery one -

solid hops, -

and it is ready to get a liver.

I do not feel sorry, dear,

From the biography of V. Mayakovsky, we know that he studied in Moscow in the school of painting, brewing and architecture, at the same time he was fond of the new direction in art, called futurism, and socialist ideas.

Futurism (from Lat. Futurum - Future) - the general name of the artistic avant-garde movements of the 1910s - early 1920s. XX century, primarily in Italy and Russia. The manifesto of Russian futurists was called "Society to Public Taste" (1912)

Futurists believed that literature should look for new topics and forms. According to their conviction, the modern poet must defend its rights. Here are their list:

1. In an increase in the dictionary in the eg o o b b b ё e arbitrary and derivative words (the word-innovation)

2. On the insurmountable hatred of the language existing

3. With horror, remove your bunny brooms from the proud chela from the bath brooms.

4. Stand on the lump of the words "we" among the sea whistling and indignation

Futurists experimented with the word, creating copyright neologisms. So, for example, Futurist Khlebnikov came up with the name of Russian futurists - will be (people of the future).

For participation in the revolutionary circles, Mayakovsky was arrested three times, the last time he spent 11 months in prison. It was during this period that Mayakovsky decides to seriously take up literature. In the poem Aseev "Mayakovsky begins" (Fig. 2) This period of life of the poet is described in the following words:

Fig. 2. Illustration to the poem Aseeva "Mayakovsky begins" ()

And so it comes out:

big, longolate,

sprinkled

ice rain,

under the broadband

saving a hat

under an outdated poverty cloak.

Around anyone.

Only prison by shoulders.

Lantern to the light.

For the soul - not a penny ...

Only smells Moscow

hot kalachi

yes drops a horse

bokami breathe.

Mention of the horse in this passage is not accidental. One of best poems early Mayakovsky became poem "Good attitude to horses"(Fig. 3).

Fig. 3. Illustration to the poem of Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses" ()

Plot He was suggested his life itself.

One day V.V. Mayakovsky has witnessed a street incident, often in the starving Moscow 1918: an exhausted horse fell on the laid bridge.

June 9, 1918 in the Moscow publication of the newspaper " New life"№8 was printed poem V.V. Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses."

The poem is unusually in form and content. First, unusual stroke when the poetic string is broken and the continuation is written from a new line. This technique was called the name "Lestenka Mayakovsky" and explained to them in the article " How to make poems?" The poet believed that such a record attaches a poem the necessary rhythm.

Images in the poem of Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses".

Horse	Street (crowd)	Lyrical hero
1. Horse on croup rumbled 2. for dripping dripping on the face rolling hiding in wool ... rushed rose to feet, 3. Red baby. Came cheerful, it became in the stall. And everything seemed to her - she is a foal and it was worth living and it was worth working.	1. Wind opite, ice shod, street slid, 2. Over the sewage, Zewaka, pants who came to Kuznetsky cool, cheered laughter rang and spied 3. Street overturned, it flows in its own way ...	1. Laughing Kuznetsky. 2. And some common mercenary Tosca my shoulders resulted out of me and broke in the rustle. "Horse, no need. Horse listen - what do you think you are bad? we are all a little horse, each of us in your own way. "
The horse is a symbol of a lonely living soul, which needed support, sympathy. Also this symbol persistent character, the horse found the strength to rise and live on.	Street is hostile, indifferent, cold and cruel world.

Output: in the poem Mayakovsky raises moral problem Cruelty and indifference of the world in relation to the living soul. However, despite this, the idea of \u200b\u200bpoem is optimistic. If the horse found the strength to climb and get up in the stall, then the poet makes a conclusion for myself: in spite of everything it is worth living and work.

Tools of artistic expressiveness

Deployed metaphor. Unlike a simple metaphor, the detailed lifestyle includes a certain life phenomenon and is revealed throughout the segment or the entire poem.

For example:

1. Wind opite,

ice shod,

street slid.

2. And some common

mercenary Tosca

my shoulders resulted out of me

and broke in the rustle.

Stylistic techniques: assonance and alliteration. These are phonetic techniques that allow sounds to draw or pass the event.

Assonance:

The horse fell! -

Horse fell! -

With the help of vowels, the poet conveys a crowd cry, and maybe a rusty horse, her cry. Or cry lyrical hero? In these stitches, pain, moan, anxiety sounds.

Alliteration:

cheered

laughter rang and spied

With the help of consonants, the poet transmits the unpleasant laughter of the crowd. Sounds are annoyed as a scrub of a rusty wheel.

Onomatopoeia- One of the types of sound survey: the use of phonetic combinations capable of passing the sound of the described phenomena

For example:

Beat hoofs.

Sang as if:

Using double and single words with repeated sounds, the poet creates a sound effect of a gouring horse.

Features rhyme

V. Mayakovsky was largely a discoverer, reformer, experimenter. His poem "good attitude to horses" surprises with its wealth, variety and originality of the rhyme.

For example:

Truncated, inaccurate: bad - horse, zooaka - spoiled

None aloven: in wool - in the rustle, stall - cost

Composite: in how to him - in his own way

Omonimic: went - brief adjective And went - verb.

In this way, the author uses various literary techniquesTo create a bright, emotional picture that will not leave anyone indifferent. Such a feature is inherent in Mayakovsky's work. Mayakovsky saw his destination, first of all, in the impact on readers. That is why M. Tsveyev called him "the world's first in the world", and Platonov - "Master of Universal Life."

Bibliography

1. Korovina V.Ya. Didactic materials in literature. 7th grade. - 2008.
2. Tishchenko O.A. homework In literature for grade 7 (to the textbook V.Ya. Korovina). - 2012.
3. Kuteyankova N.E. Literature lessons in grade 7. - 2009.
A source).

Homework

1. Expressively read the poem of V. Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses". What is the feature of the rhythm of this poem? Did you easily read it? Why?
2. Find authentic words in the poem. How are they educated?
3. Find examples of the expanded metaphor, hyperboles, calabura, associates, althery in the poem.
4. Find the lines in which the idea of \u200b\u200bpoem is expressed.

Vladimir Mayakovsky
Anthology of Russian poetry

The poem "good attitude to horses" Mayakovsky wrote in 1918. It is known that Mayakovsky as none of the poets adopted the revolution and was entirely captured by the events related to her. He had a clear civil position formed, and the artist decided to devote himself to revolution, people who did it. But in the life of everyone not only the sun shines. And although the poets of that time were people in demand, Mayakovsky, as a smart man and sensitive, understood that it was necessary to serve the work of the Fatherland and it is possible, but the crowd does not always understand the poet. In the end, not only any poet, but anyone remains lonely.

The theme of the poem: the story of a horse, which "rumbled" on the cobblestone bridge, obviously, from fatigue and because the pavement was slippery. Falling and crying horse is a kind of twin of the author: "Baby, we all a little horse".
People seeing the fallen horse, continue to engage in their business, and compassion disappeared, merciful attitude towards a defenseless creature. And only the lyrical hero felt "some kind of general animal longing."

Good attitude to horses
Beat hooves
Sang as if:
- Mushroom.
Grab.
Coffin.
Rude
Wind opite
ice shod
Street slid.
Horse on the crop
rumbled
And immediately
for the sewage yawak
Pants who came to Kuznetsky cool,
cheered
Laughter rang and spied:
- The horse fell!
- Fell a horse! -
Laughed Kuznetsky.
Only one Ya
Your voice did not interfere in him.
Approached
And see
Horses eyes ...

Reads Oleg Basilashvili
Oleg Valerianovich Basilashvili (Rod. September 26, 1934, Moscow) - Soviet and Russian actor theater and cinema. People's Artist of the USSR

Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich (1893 - 1930)
Russian Soviet poet. Born in Georgia, in the village of Bagdadi, in the Forest Forest.
From 1902 he studied at the gymnasium in Kutaisi, then in Moscow, where after the death of his father moved along with his family. In 1908, he left the gymnasium, giving up underground revolutionary work. At a fifteenth age, it joined the RSDLP (b), performed propaganda tasks. Three times were arrested, in 1909 it was sitting in a butyry prison alone. There and began writing poems. From 1911 he was engaged in the Moscow School of Painting, Drainy and Architecture. Cookied to the Cubal feasts, in 1912 published the first poem - "Night" - in a futuristic collection "Society to public taste".
The tragity of the human existence during capitalism permeates the largest things of Mayakovsky pre-revolutionary years - the poems "Cloud in the pants", "Flute-Spine", "War and Peace". Already then Mayakovsky sought to create poetry "squares and streets", facing wide masses. He believed in the proximity of the upcoming revolution.
Epos and Lyrics, Clearing Satire and agitational posters Growth - on all this manifold of Mayakovsky genres lies with the seal of his originality. In the lyrical epic poems "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" and "Good!" The poet embodied the thoughts and feelings of a person of a socialist society, the features of the era. Mayakovsky powerfully influenced the progressive poetry of the world - he studied Johannes Becher and Louis Aragon, Nazim Hickmet and Pablo Neruda. In the late works "Klop" and "Banya" sounds a powerful satire with elements of anti-nightopia to Soviet reality.
In 1930, she committed suicide, without making internal conflict With the "Bronze" Soviet century, in 1930, buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky

Beat hooves
Sang as if:
- Mushroom.
Grab.
Coffin.
Rude

Wind opite
ice shod
Street slid.
Horse on the crop
rumbled
And immediately
for the sewage yawak
Pants who came to Kuznetsky cool,
cheered
Laughter rang and spied:
- The horse fell!
- Fell a horse! -
Laughed Kuznetsky.
Only one Ya
Your voice did not interfere in him.
Approached
And see
Horses eyes ...

Street overturned
It flows in its own way ...

Came up and see -
Behind dripping
on the face rolling
hiding in wool ...

And some general
Mercenary Tosca
my shoulders resulted out of me
And broke in the rustle.
"The horse is not necessary.
Horse listen -
What do you think you're so bad?
Babe
We are all a little horse,
Each of us in your own way. "
May be,
- old -
and did not need a nurse,
maybe my thought my seemed to go,
only
horse
rushed
rose to feet,
Rzhanul
And went.
The tail was acknowledged.
Redhead child.
Came cheerful,
It became in the stall.
And everything seemed to her -
she is a foal
And it was worth living
And it was worth working.

Despite broadly fame, Vladimir Mayakovsky felt a certain outcast of society. The first attempts to understand this phenomenon, the poet took another young age when he earned his life to the public reading poems. He was considered a fashionable writer-futurist, but few people could assume that behind the rude and causing phrases, which the author threw in the crowd, hiding a very sensitive and wounded soul. However, Mayakovsky knew how to mask his emotions perfectly and very rarely succumbed to the provocations of the crowd, which sometimes caused disgust in it. And only in verses, he could allow themselves to be himself, splashing on paper what was painful and boiled on his heart.

The 1917 Revolution of the poet perceived with enthusiasm, believing that his life now would change for the better. Mayakovsky was convinced that he was a witness to the birth of a new world, more just, clean and open. However, very soon, he realized that the state system had changed, but the essence of people remained the same. And it doesn't matter to which social class they treated, as cruelty, stupidity, treachery and merciless were inherent in most of the representatives of his generation.

In a new country trying to live according to the laws of equality and fraternity, Mayakovsky felt quite happy. But at the same time, people who surrounded him often became the subject of ridicule and basic jokes of the poet. It was a peculiar protective reaction of Mayakovsky on Tu pain and resentment, which caused him not only friends and relatives, but also random passersby or visitors to restaurants.

In 1918, the poet wrote a poem "good attitude to horses", in which he compared himself with a drunk klyach, which became the subject of universal ridicule. According to eyewitnesses, Mayakovsky really became an eyewitness of an unusual incident on Kuznetsky Bridge, when the old redhead mare slipped on the loose bridge and "rumbled on the croup." Immediately, dozens of zhevak were escaped, who poked her finger into an unfortunate animal and laughed, as his pain and helplessness gave them an explicit pleasure. Only Mayakovsky, who passed by, did not join the joyful and superlocking crowd, but looked into horsepower, of which "behind the dripping droplets on the face rolling, hiding in the wool." The author is not the fact that the horse is crying at all like a person, but a certain "animal longing" in her view. Therefore, the poet mentally addressed the animal, trying to cheer up and console. "Baby, we all a little horse, each of us in your own way," began to persuade the author of his unusual interlocutor.

The redhead mare would seek the participation and support from a person, "rushed, got up to his feet, Rzhanul and went." A simple human participation gave her strength to cope with a difficult situation, and after such unexpected support, "she seemed to her - she was a foal, and it was worth living, and it was worth working." It was about such a ratio from people to themselves and the poet himself, believing that even the usual attention to his person, who did not receive the halo of poetic fame, would give him strength to live and move forward. But, unfortunately, surrounding saw in Mayakovsky primarily a well-known writer, and no one was interested in his inner world, fragile and controversial. It so oppressed the poet that for the sake of understanding, friendly participation and sympathy, he was glad to change places with a red horse. Because among the huge crowd of people, there was at least one person who showed compassion for her, which Mayakovsky had only to dream about.

Mayakovsky "Good attitude to horses"
It seems to me that there is no and there can be no people indifferent to poetry. When we read the poems in which poets are shared with us with their thoughts and feelings, talk about joy and sadness, delight and grief, we suffer, worry, dream and link together with them. I think that such a strong response is awakened by people when reading poems because it is poetic word It embodies the deepest meaning, the greatest capacity, maximum expressiveness and extraordinary power of emotional color.
Already V.G. Belinsky noted that lyrical work It is impossible to retell nor exaggerate. Reading poems, we can only dissolve in the senses and experiences of the author, enjoy the beauty of the poetic images created by them and with an excess to listen to the unique musicality of the beautiful poetic lines!
Thanks to lyrics, we can understand, feel and find out the identity of the poet itself, his mental attitude, his worldview.
For example, the poem of Mayakovsky "good attitude to horses", written in 1918. The works of this period are rebuilding in nature: mocking and disregarding intonations are heard in them, the desire of the poet to be "stranger" in the Alone Heads, but it seems to me that the waters and a lonely soul of romance and maxima hide behind all this.
Passionate aspiration in the future, the dream of the transformation of the world is the main motive of the entire poetry of Mayakovsky. For the first time appearing in his early verses, modifying and developing, he passes through all his work. The poet desperately trying to draw the attention of all people living on Earth to exciting problems, wake up manons who do not have high spiritual ideals. The poet calls people to compare, empathize, sympathize with those who are near. It is indifference, inability and unwillingness to understand and regret it in the poem "good attitude to horses".
In my opinion, no one can so expressively like Mayakovsky, just in a few words describe the usual phenomena of life. Here, for example, Street. The poet uses only six words, which expressive painting they draw:
Wind opite
ice shod,
street slid.
Reading these lines, I reveal the winter, blown up the street with winds, an icy road, on which a horse jumps, confidently by the heads of hooves. Everything moves, everything lives, nothing is alone.
And suddenly ... a horse fell. It seems to me that everyone who is next to her must measure the moment, and then immediately rush to the rescue. I want to shout: "People! Stop, because someone is unhappy next to you! " But no, indifferent street continues to move, and only
for the sewage yawak
pants who came to Kuznetsky cool,
cheered
laughter rang and spied:
- The horse fell! -
- Fell a horse!
To me, together with the poet, I am ashamed of these indifferent to someone else's grieving of people, I understand his dismissive attitude towards them, which he expresses his main weapon - in a word: their laughter is unpleasant "links", and the buzz of votes is similar to "howl". Mayakovsky opposes himself to this indifferent crowd, he does not want to be part of it:
Laughed Kuznetsky.
Only one Ya
your voice did not interfere in him.
Approached
and see
horses eyes ...
If it would even if the poet finished his poem this last string, he, in my opinion, would have said a lot. Its words are so expressive and weight that anyone would see in the "horsepower eyes" bewilderment, pain and fright. Would see and helped, because it is impossible to pass by, when a horse has
behind dripping
on the face rolling
hiding in wool ...
Mayakovsky appeals to the horse, comforting it, as the friend would comfort himself:
Horse, do not.
Horse listen -
what do you think you are bad?
The poet affectionately calls her "baby" and says piercing-beautiful, filled with philosophical meaning of the word:
We are all a little horse,
Each of us in your own way.
And encouraged, who believed in his own animal acquires second breathing:
horse
rushed
rose to feet,
Rzhanul
And went.
At the end of the poem, Mayakovsky no longer refuses indifference and egoism, he finishes his life affirming. The poet seems to say: "Do not leave before difficulties, learn to overcome them, believe in your strength, and everything will be fine!" And it seems to me that the horse hears him:
The tail was acknowledged.
Redhead baby.
Came fun
it became in the stall.
And everything seemed to her -
she is a foal
and it was worth living
and it was worth working.
I was very excited by this poem. It seems to me that it cannot leave anyone indifferent! I think that everyone must thoughtfully read it, because if they do it, then on Earth will be much less selfish, evil and indifferent to someone's misfortune of people!