Heat point designation. Numbering of valves on the heat point diagram. Requirements for crimping and typical errors. Alkali pipelines marking

The marking of pipelines, in accordance with current standards, is made to identify the substance transported in it. Typically, substances are identified using color analyzers. Special identification rings, stickers with warning notices (this applies to hazardous substances) can also be applied.

Modern marking of pipelines, etc. is done only in accordance with GOST. The surface of the pipeline is painted in a certain color, special inscriptions are attached. Heat exchangers, as well as pipelines through which hot water or steam is supplied, are painted with heat-resistant enamel. It is necessary that all labels exactly comply with the rules for the safe operation of steam and hot water. On the main lines, a number is necessarily applied in Roman numerals, as well as an arrow showing the direction of movement of the transported substance. The same trunk number is applied to the trunk branches. All inscriptions must be clearly visible, they must not be obscured by valves and latches.

According to GOST 14202 69, in the case of coating the surface of the pipeline with a metal sheathing, the painting of this sheathing is optional, but a symbol of its type and class of the transported substance can be applied to the pipeline. The coloring and inscriptions on these pipelines must strictly comply with the same standard.

All equipment carrying hot liquid or steam must be adequately insulated. This is done to avoid burns. The temperature on the surface of the insulation should not cause damage to the skin when touched.

There must be arrows on the pipelines showing the movement of the working fluid. All inscriptions should be visible and made only in block letters. Well-visible serial numbers should also be applied to pumping units, valves, gates and other mechanisms. Also, pipes need a corresponding marking, which should indicate their purpose. In this case, it can be easily identified.

All state standards are mandatory for all subjects of housing and communal services, heat supply, regardless of their form of ownership. Failure to comply with such rules can lead to accidents, fires and other man-made accidents.

Reliable and simple gearbox Ch-80
The most confident transfer of forces is carried out and at the same time the direction of transfer is changed by worm gearboxes, such as the h-80 gearbox. Their use provides a significant reduction in the speed of rotation of the shafts.

RTI in household appliances
Rubber goods (rubber products) are used not only in industry, but also in everyday life: without rubber goods it is difficult to imagine modern household appliances (refrigerators, washing machines and dishwashers, food processors, etc.) present in every home.

Electric gate valves - ease of pipeline operation
The advantages of electrically driven gate valves include: versatility, that is, locking equipment can be used in any pipelines; high flow shut-off rate; durability and reliability.

PVC insulating tape - the best of insulating tape
The most common area where electrical tape is used is electrical insulation in everyday life, in industry and during construction work.

Plasma cutting machines - their features and benefits
Currently, manual rollers are used for single production of bulk products, and modern equipment equipped with automation is more suitable for large industries. In addition to bending a flat sheet and a metal profile, metal cutting is required for the production of products, and now such operations are carried out using high-precision equipment.

Below are the answers to the most common questions about the marking of pipelines of industrial and civil facilities.

What color should the pipelines in the central heating station, ITP, boiler room be painted?

According to GOST 14202, the marking of pipelines does not depend on the object, but depends on the substance in the pipeline.

Pipelines with the transported substance WATER are colored green, STEAM - red, AIR - blue, GAS - yellow, ACIDS - orange, ALKALI - purple, LIQUIDS - brown, OTHER - gray.

How to mark pipelines in the central heating station, ITP, boiler room?

In the pipelines of the central heating station / ITP / boiler rooms, the most common substances are water, steam, gas.

The pipeline with water should be painted green, with steam - red, with gas - yellow. The identification coloring is allowed to be applied in sections.

It is also necessary to indicate the name and direction of movement of the substance using or. Their color must be the same as the color of the identification paint. The locations of the shields are regulated by the regulatory documentation.

What color to paint hot / cold water / heating medium pipes?

All pipelines carrying substances, the main component of which is water, are colored green in accordance with.

How, according to regulatory documents, to distinguish the color of the supply pipeline from the return one to the central heating station, ITP, boiler room?

If the pipelines are marked in accordance with, then the supply and return pipelines are colored green (if the heat carrier is water).

To identify the supply and return pipelines, use the appropriate designations with the direction of movement and the inscription, for example "HEAT MEDIUM SUPPLY"

Is it correct to mark the heating medium supply / return pipes with yellow and brown rings on a green background?

The requirement to mark the supply pipeline of the heating network with a yellow ring on a green background, and the reverse one with a brown ring on a green background, borrowed from the currently inoperative "Standard instruction for the operation, repair and control of stationary pipelines of network water RD 34.39.501, TI 34-70-042- 85 "and was valid only for pipelines of network water, which are on the balance of power plants.

The current regulatory documentation for the marking of pipelines with a coolant refers exclusively to the requirements of GOST 14202.

How to properly label gas pipelines?

Pipelines transporting any gases are colored yellow in accordance with.

Indicate the name of the gas and the direction of travel by means of or.

It is also necessary, depending on the parameters of the gas, to apply warning rings of red or yellow color (table 3,), and if the gas has a hazardous property (flammability, toxicity, oxidizer), then it is necessary to apply a corresponding danger sign.

How to mark steam pipelines?

Steam pipelines should be painted red and a red shield should be applied with the name and direction of its movement.

If the pressure in the steam pipeline is more than 1 kgf / cm² and the temperature of St. 120C, a yellow warning ring must be applied over the paint. As the steam parameters increase, the number of applied rings increases (see Table 3

GOST 14202-69 has the status of a valid document.

What materials should be used when marking pipelines in accordance with GOST 14202-69?

Also, there are no documents prohibiting marking with self-adhesive tapes and PVC-based markers.

Moreover, the use of self-adhesive materials is more expedient (generally accepted all over the world) - it is more convenient, faster, more accurate, allows you to more accurately comply with the important GOST requirements for color, size, font and shape.

The rules written in GOST 21.205-93, regulate how exactly alphanumeric pipeline symbols plumbing systems, which refer to external heating, sewerage and water supply networks, as well as internal water supply and sewerage networks, heating networks, ventilation and air conditioning systems.

Alphanumeric designation	Name
Water pipes
B0	General designation of a water supply system
IN 1	Domestic drinking water supply
IN 2	Fire-fighting plumbing
Industrial water supply
AT 3	General designation of industrial water supply
AT 4	Water supply system for circulating water supply
AT 5	Return water supply
AT 6	Softened water supply
AT 7	For river water
AT 8	For clarified river water
AT 9	For underground water
Sewerage
K0	General designation of the sewage system
K1	Household sewerage
K2	Rainwater drain
Industrial sewerage
K3	General designation of industrial sewage
K4	Sewerage for mechanically polluted waters
K5	Sludge sewerage
K6	Sewerage for sludge-containing waters
K7	For chemically polluted waters
K8	Sour water drainage
K9	For alkaline waters
K10	For acidic waters
K11	For cyanogenous waters
K12	For chromium-containing waters
Heat pipe
T0	General pipeline designation
For heating, ventilation, air conditioning and process technology
T1	Supply pipeline
T2	Return piping
Hot water piping
T3	Pitcher
T4	circulatory
Hot water for technological processes
T5	Supply pipeline
T6	Return pipeline
Steam heating
T7	Steam line
T8	Condensate line

Note:

For those pipeline systems of sewerage and water supply that are not provided for in the table, it is necessary to accept the designations, setting the ordinal numbering, which is a continuation of the one indicated in the table.

If the industrial or drinking water supply system simultaneously plays the role of a fire-fighting one, then it is assigned exactly the same number as the production or drinking water supply. In this case, a corresponding explanation is applied to the drawing.

Pipeline

In modern technology, pipelines refer to such devices that are designed to transport a variety of liquid, gaseous and bulk media. The main components of piping systems are: straight pipes that are tightly connected to each other; suspensions and supports; control and measuring equipment; locking and regulating devices; fasteners; seals and gaskets; automation equipment.

In addition, the elements of pipeline systems include the materials necessary to provide effective protection of all of the above components from the harmful effects of low and high temperatures, as well as from electrochemical corrosion.

The locations of the elements of pipeline systems are their branches, turns, as well as transitions to a different diameter. They serve to ensure a long service life of the system as a whole, as well as the tightness of the entire structure. Practice shows that without such elements as bends, tees and transitions, almost no pipeline system is now implemented.

Liquid properties

Liquids are those substances that are in a liquid state of aggregation. It, in turn, is intermediate between the state of aggregation, solid and gaseous. The liquid also has such a property that is not found in any other state of aggregation: it is capable of changing its shape within practically unlimited limits under the influence of tangential mechanical stresses. In this case, the mechanical stresses can be very small, and the volume of the liquid remains unchanged.

Another important property inherent in all fluids is surface tension. Neither gases nor solids have it, but it is explained by the following reasons: due to the fact that the balance of forces acting on the surface molecules is disturbed, a certain new resulting force directed into the substance appears. This is what explains the fact that the surface of a liquid is always "stretched". If we consider this situation from the point of view of physics, then it can be argued that surface tension is nothing more than the force due to which the liquid molecules do not move from its surface to the deep layers. It is the force of surface tension that explains the shape of falling drops of any liquid.

GOST 14202-69 Industrial pipelines. Identification coloring, warning signs and marking plates.

This GOST defines the requirements for labeling stickerspipelines. Color should be standard, warningsigns, the presence of an arrow that indicates the direction of movementsubstances and names of substances.

Colors and sizes of pipelines marking in accordance with GOST 14202-69

Unlabeled pipes can be dangerous to life and property. Accidents, injuries and damage to equipment can be authorized by people who do not know what is in a particular pipe.

Correct pipe identification prevents fatal errors. Occupational accidents caused by negligence have a physical and psychological impact on staff and are often very costly for the company.

Correct identification of pipes is a guarantee of the best understanding of the structure of the building and a quick clear understanding of new workers and temporary staff. At the same time, it simplifies repair work and prevents time-consuming searches for the cause of the breakdown. In the event of an accident, proper identification will save such valuable time - and perhaps even help save someone's life.

We suggest you order and buy double-sided arrow-stickers for pipelines in Moscow. Arrows markers are made of PVC film on an adhesive base, operated in conditions from -40 to +80 degrees. The temperature during the gluing of the marking arrows should not be lower than +10 degrees. Arrow stickers are water and moisture resistant; as well as the effect of a slightly alkaline and slightly acidic environment.

PRICE

pipeline marking GOST 14202-69

Dimensions of the sticker for marking the pipeline, depending on the diameter of the pipe	Sticker price In rubles with VAT 20%
A sticker for marking the pipeline arrow, size 126x26 mm for pipes with a diameter of up to 80 mm.	from 4.50
A sticker for marking the pipeline arrow, size 252x52 mm for pipes with a diameter of 81 to 160 mm.	from 13.90
A sticker for marking the pipeline arrow, size 358x74 mm for pipes with a diameter of 161 to 220 mm.	from 27.00
Sticker for marking the pipeline arrow, size 507x105 mm for pipes with a diameter of 221 to 300 mm.	from 46.80
A sticker for marking the pipeline arrow, size 716x148 mm for pipes with a diameter of over 300 mm.	from 70,00

The minimum order amount is 5000 rubles.

Pipeline marking arrows, stickers.

All substances that are transported through pipelines are divided into 10 groups. Each group was assigned a different color. This did not affect only the groups "Combustible Gases" and "Gases are not combustible", and "Liquids are combustible" and "Liquids are not combustible" - all gases are marked in yellow, and liquids are brown.

• Marking of pipelines "Water"

The Water group is green. Marking of pipelines arrows (or stickers) "WATER" specify what kind of water is transported through the pipes:

cold water, hot water, city water, hot water supply, hot water return, cold water supply, cold water return, heating supply, heating return, distilled water, return water, cold water, water for injection, clean water, industrial water, drinking water, contaminated water, condensate, condensate supply, condensate return, saline water, purified water, drainage, make-up water, direct heating, direct boiler circuit, raw water, boiler return, heating return, feed water, make-up water, direct DHW , chemically treated water, warm water, chilled water, sealing water, contaminated condensate, clean condensate, water for mixing, water for decanter, waste water, waste water, heat carrier supply, heat carrier return, fire extinguishing water

All these names of "Water" are depicted on a green background in white or black letters and have a white or black edging, respectively, along the perimeter of the marking arrow or sticker on the pipeline.

• Pipeline marking "Steam"

The red background is used to designate the following group of substances transported through pipelines: "PAR". Marking of pipelines arrows (stickers) of the "PAR" group are:

steam, wet steam, wet saturated steam, steam return, dead steam, heating steam, saturated steam, hot steam, high pressure steam, low pressure steam, medium pressure steam, pure steam, dry steam, industrial steam, fire extinguishing steam, superheated steam, dry saturated steam, steam supply, technical steam, return steam, supply steam, steam, treated steam, live steam, flash steam.

These names are written in black or white letters on a red background. And the arrows of the marking of the pipelines of the "PAR" group have a white or black edging.

• Marking of pipelines "Air"

The marking of pipelines of the "AIR" group is blue (light blue). The arrows for the "AIR" label have different names:

air, atmospheric air, vacuum, high pressure air, low pressure air, air for pressure testing, dry air, humid air, exhaust air, extract air, compressed dry air, instrumentation air, hot air, ventilation air, compressed air, blast air, polluted air, heated air, outside air, exhaust air, cooled air, cleaned air, supply air, recirculated air, sterile air, extract air, cooled air, cold air.

The letters and border on the marker are in contrast - black or white.

• Gas pipeline marking

The fourth group "GAS" is combustible and non-combustible. Arrows for marking GAZ pipelines in bright yellow color. In black on a yellow field they write:

gas, nitrogen, nitrogen for fire extinguishing, ammonia, argon, argon for fire extinguishing, acetylene, biomethane, bromoethylene, butane, hydrogen, exhaust gases, high pressure gas, low pressure gas, helium, gas-air mixture, dimethylamine, sulfur dioxide, flue gases, inert gas, foul-smelling gas, isobutane, methane, propane, hydrogen sulfide, liquefied gas, chlorine, ethylene, purified gas, sulfuric acid vapors, carbon dioxide, gas mixture, purge gas, vinyl chloride, oxygen, methane, ozone, nitric oxide, natural gas , fuel gas, carbon monoxide, freon, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, chloromethane, pure gas, ethane, cyclopropane.

• Marking of pipelines "Acid"

Sixth group of acids. On an orange background, black letters are applied:

acid, nitric acid, citric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, waste acid, acidic water.

• Alkali pipelines marking

Seventh group of alkali. For the manufacture of markings on pipelines for the transportation of alkali, purple markers are used, with white or black writing of the transported substance:

alkali, ammonia, caustic soda 10%, caustic soda 17%, sodium nitrite.

• Marking of pipelines "Liquid"

Liquids, regardless of whether they are flammable or not, are all displayed in brown. And, as a rule, in white on the arrows marking the pipelines they write:

liquids, sewage, centrate, oil, crude oil, refined oil, diesel fuel, sugar syrup, fresh yeast, cider base, juice concentrate, original oil sludge, oil sludge for decanter, prepared oil sludge, oil sludge, substandard oil, flocculant, deoxidized sulfate soap, tall oil, sulphate soap, black lye.

• Marking of pipelines "Other substances"

The rest of the substances, including powder, free-flowing, water pulp gels, etc., are denoted in gray.

Perhaps you will also find useful information on.

Arrows, names of the transported substance of own production in rolls

Hazard symbols applied to the arrows of the marking of pipelines

Flammable substances	Explosive substances	Toxic substances	Corrosive Substances	Radioactive substances	Oxidizing agent	Biological hazard	Harmful and allergic substances

Liquids Acids

Alkali Gas

Designation of the type of substance on the arrows

marking pipelines by means of numbers

Numerical designations	Transported substance Name
1	Water
2	Steam
3	Air
4	Combustible gases
5	Non-combustible gases
	nitrogen and gases containing it chlorine and gases containing it carbon dioxide and gases containing it inert gases sulfur dioxide and gases containing it other types of non-combustible gases waste non-combustible gases
6	Acids
7	Alkalis
8	Flammable liquids
9	Non-flammable liquids
0	Other substances

It is no coincidence that polypropylene pipelines are becoming more and more popular among DIYers and professional installers. Polypropylene pipes have a number of advantages due to which they are gradually replacing products made from traditional materials. The choice of plastic pipes today is simply huge and all products differ in their characteristics and purpose. Deciphering the marking of polypropylene pipes will help to find out which of them are suitable for the heating system, cold or hot water supply, ventilation.

"Reading" information

• The name of the manufacturer usually comes first.
• Next comes the designation of the type of material from which the product is made: PPH, PPR, PPB.
• The working pressure must be indicated on pipe products, which is indicated by two letters - PN, - and numbers - 10, 16, 20, 25.
• A few numbers indicate the diameter of the product and the wall thickness in millimeters.

• On domestic modifications, the operating class according to GOST may be indicated.
• The maximum allowed.

Additionally indicated:

1. Normative documents in accordance with which pipe products are manufactured, international regulations.
2. Quality mark.
3. Information about the technology by which the product is made and the classification according to MRS (minimum long-term strength).
4. 15 digits containing information about the production date, batch number, etc. (the last 2 - the year of production).

And now let's dwell in more detail on the most important characteristics of polypropylene pipes indicated in the marking.

Material and scope

Manufacturers from different countries use slightly different designations, but the PP marking will definitely be present, demonstrating that the pipe is made of polypropylene. Additional letters or numbers indicate a specific type of this material, which has its own properties.

1. PPH (PP-type 1, PP-1) - the pipe is made of homopolymer. Due to the peculiarities of this type of polypropylene, it is intended only for cold water, as well as for ventilation.
2. РРВ (РР-type 2, РР-2) - the product is made of block copolymer. It can be used for cold water supply and in low-temperature types of heating systems.
3. PPR (PP-2, PPR, PP-random, PPRC) - the pipe is made of random copolymer. Products with such markings are the most common due to their versatility. Due to the increased temperature resistance, they can be used in heating systems of any kind, as well as for supplying hot and cold water to apartments and houses.

Nominal pressure

The letters PN stand for the permitted working pressure. The following figure indicates the level of internal pressure in bar that the product can withstand during a service life of 50 years at a water temperature of 20 degrees. This indicator directly depends on the wall thickness of the product.

• PN10. This designation has an inexpensive thin-walled pipe, the nominal pressure of which is 10 bar. The temperature maximum that it can withstand is 45 degrees. Such a product is used for pumping cold water and installing a warm floor.

• PN16. Higher nominal pressure, higher limiting liquid temperature - 60 degrees Celsius. Such a pipe deforms significantly under the influence of strong heat, therefore it is not suitable for use in heating systems and for supplying hot liquid. Its purpose is cold water supply.

• PN20. Polypropylene pipe of this brand can withstand a pressure of 20 bar and temperatures up to 75 degrees Celsius. It is quite versatile and is used to supply hot and cold water, but should not be used in a heating system, since it has a high coefficient of deformation under the influence of heat. At a temperature of 60 degrees, a 5 m section of such a pipeline is lengthened by almost 5 cm.

• PN25. This product has a fundamental difference from previous types, because it is or fiberglass. In terms of properties, the reinforced pipe is similar to metal-plastic products, is less susceptible to temperature effects, withstands 95 degrees. Designed for use in heating systems, as well as in hot water supply.