Constipation from goat milk in infants. Constipation in an infant (constipation treatment). Algorithm for the procedure of enema with milk

Constipation in infants - stool retention for 1.5 - 2 days. For each age of the baby, a certain norm is characteristic. So, a child up to three months has a chair 2-4 times a day, and a one-year-old - up to two times.

Often in the first six months of life, infants experience constipation, since the intestines have not yet matured and adapted to new conditions. The baby begins to cry and does not sleep well. However, any illness can be the cause of this behavior. How do you know if constipation is the cause of your anxiety? Pay attention on the number and type of chair.

Baby chair: norm and deviations

In the first 2-3 days, the chair will be only once or twice. Do not be alarmed, this is a normal condition during this period. With increasing breastmilk feeding, stools will increase.

During the first days, a newborn's stool is dark and thick, it accumulates in the body even before birth. After receiving milk, the stool gradually becomes soft and light. It is usually yellow, yellow-brown, green-yellow, or green in color.

The first six weeks, the stool returns to normal and goes 2-5 times a day. If it happens less than twice, then it is normal for the child to pee enough and gain weight.

Stool frequency usually decreases after six weeks. However, the norm also remains up to five times a day. Sometimes the body is cleansed after each feeding. It's okay if this happens only once. In this case, the volume of the stool should be significant.

If the amount of stool is slightly below normal, do not worry. As long as the child is gaining weight well and behaving calmly, then everything is fine. Do not rush to provide your baby with “help” in the form of laxatives and special juices. It will only hurt.

Having stools less than once a day, restlessness and sleep disturbance, bloating, and sometimes vomiting are signs of constipation. At the same time, the baby does not eat well, and sometimes refuses to eat at all. The feces should be of a dense consistency.

Before starting to treat constipation in a newborn while breastfeeding, try to determine the causes of this ailment and, if possible, eliminate it.

Causes

1. Colon anatomical defects. It rarely occurs, it causes organic constipation in an infant, which manifests itself in the first weeks of life. In this case, you need to consult a doctor;
2. Improper nutrition of a nursing mother. Regular consumption of meat products, nuts, bread, bananas, rice, coffee and black tea, cocoa and milk will lead to constipation;
3. Lack of fluid. This problem often occurs with artificial feeding;
4. Early introduction of complementary foods. The intestines of a newborn easily digest breast milk, but does not cope well with other foods. If complementary foods are introduced out of time, then constipation in an infant will be natural. On the advice of experts, it is better to start complementary feeding six months after childbirth;
5. Abrupt transition from breast milk to formula or from one formula to another. The younger the baby, the more often constipation occurs;
6. Antibiotics and other medications that mom uses often cause stomach upset in infants;
7. Lack of milk provokes hungry constipation in a newborn when breastfeeding;
8. Psychological reasons. For example, a forced separation from the mother negatively affects the well-being of the baby and sometimes leads to constipation.

Mom's diet for constipation in a baby

Some causes of constipation in infants can be corrected on their own, after which the stool will return to normal. For example, stop complementary feeding and return to breastfeeding, or change your diet.

Foods that cause constipation:

• fatty cheeses;
• cow's milk;
• fat meat;
• White bread;
• nuts;
• strong black tea and coffee;
• flour products;

Take medication with caution. Constipation in newborns with breastfeeding causes No-shpa, as well as remedies for heartburn and gastritis. One-time use of drugs will not cause a negative reaction of the baby, but systematic use can cause indigestion and allergies.

Products not only contribute to the appearance of constipation in infants, but also relieve the disease. To do this, use bran and beets, plums, etc. Dried fruit when breastfeeding is a great solution to cure constipation. In addition, this is a great treat at a time when many sweets are banned.

But with beets, you should be careful. As often, it causes an allergy in the baby. Beets are excellent substitutes, which also have a positive effect on the digestion of babies.

For constipation in babies, natural carrot and pumpkin juices will help. If the baby does not have allergies, then a tomato or beetroot drink will be a good remedy. Juices can be introduced into the diet as early as a month after childbirth, provided that they are natural and prepared at home.

Such products will help eliminate constipation during breastfeeding, not only in the baby, but also in the mother.

What to do with constipation in a baby

There are a number of methods that can help a baby. One we have already noted - changing the diet or replacing the mixture. However, if this does not work, then you can apply a certain treatment. Use these methods in the suggested order, but not vice versa.

• Massage is the best way to stimulate motor skills and improve gas production.

Make clockwise stroking strokes around the navel 5-10 times. Bend and unbend the legs alternately so that the front of the thigh is pressed against the tummy. Do it 5 times. Pull your bent legs up to your tummy and straighten. Repeat the exercise also 5 times.

Place your baby on his stomach for 2-15 minutes before each feed. Start with a minimal amount of time and gradually add minutes as you get older.

• Selection of diet and mixture

Eliminate foods that have anchoring properties and include foods that will improve your baby's digestion. We have listed these products earlier. If the baby is bottle-fed, then it is likely that the mixture should be changed. Many mothers choose fermented milk mixtures from Nutrilon, Nan or Nutrilak.

Remember that the mixture requires additional supplementation. With artificial feeding, the baby often does not have enough water, which leads to stool retention.... Add 2 teaspoons of drinking water (10 ml) per day to the mixture. Increase the dose by two more scoops every month of your baby's life.

• Drug treatment

If diet and massage do not solve the problem, then medication will help. Duphalac, Espumisan or Plantex can help you.

Always consult a doctor before taking. Remember that self-medication can only complicate the situation. Many drugs harm the body of a newborn, disrupt development, and cause allergies.

If the doctor has prescribed pills, be sure to follow the recommendations and do not exceed the dose!

• Mechanical methods of stimulating bowel movements can also be done only after consulting a doctor.

Glycerin candles are considered one of the most effective ways. They irritate the rectal mucosa and increase motor skills.

The last resort is an enema. Frequent use of such a remedy leads to the appearance of intestinal dysbiosis, a lack of vitamins and minerals. To treat constipation of a newborn while breastfeeding, use the smallest size 1 syringe with a soft tip.

For the solution, use boiled water with a temperature of 30 degrees above zero or a mixture of water with oil drops.

Prophylaxis

Constipation in a nursing infant is easy to prevent. It is only necessary to properly supply the baby's body with fluid. Doctors have determined the rate of drinking water that a child should consume per 1 kilogram of weight.

A good prevention will be the daily use of olive oil in small quantities in various dishes. You can add olive oil to the diet of a nursing mother a month after giving birth.

Remember that it is better to prevent the problem than to deal with it later. Choose prevention over treatment.

Dmitry 09/11/2009 at 15:04:02

Can milk cause constipation?

Recently, my son (1.8 years old) fell in love with milk, after breakfast-lunch-dinner he drinks milk (regular from a bag), I'm happy. But then I noticed that if he drinks it, then he poops once a day, if not, then 3 times. I think it's okay ...

• Yeya on 09/11/2009 at 22:11:02

  of course maybe

  if the milk is too fat for the baby. We had such problems after homemade milk. I twisted my tummy and was constipated.
  And besides, if you drank too much milk.
  Now we drink no more than 400-500 ml of milk per day, including milk for preparing cereals. Well, plus, we take only baby milk.
  Just a liter package goes away in a day.

  Rebeline 11/9/2009 at 17:35:42

  Constipation is hard, hard stools that are excruciating to a child. If a child poops normally once a day, he has no constipation.

  But drinking whole milk at this age is not very good. It is better to wait up to 2.5-3 years with this.

  • Vonami on 10/11/2009 at 10:20:22

    not whole in bags

    in bags diluted, you can simply give not very fatty, for example, 1.5%.

    • Yeya on 11/10/2009 at 11:38:10 PM

      children should not be given fat-free foods

      Look carefully at baby food products, they are with a fat content of 2.5% and 3.2%.
      Check out the links here.
      For children with a normal body weight, products with a reduced percentage of fat are unacceptable, the diet uses milk 3.2% fat, kefir 2.5-3.2%, yoghurts up to 3.2%, sour cream up to 10%, curds up to 10% fat. The total amount of milk and fermented milk products should be 550-600 ml per day, taking into account the preparation of various dishes. Of these, 200 ml of kefir intended for baby food, a child can receive daily. For babies with intolerance to cow's milk proteins, it is best to postpone acquaintance with whole milk (meaning milk, during the processing of which none of its components (homemade milk) has been qualitatively and / or quantitatively changed - proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and mineral salts etc.) at a later date (up to 2-2.5 years), and instead continue to use mixtures for the second half of life (they are made from whole milk powder without adding milk whey). One-year-olds can only receive specialized infant milk (non-creamy) yogurt with a moderate fat and carbohydrate content in a volume of up to 100 ml per day. As a source of protein and calcium, cottage cheese is necessary for children within 50 g per day. Sour cream or cream 5-10 g can be used for dressing the first courses, hard cheese up to 5 g in crushed form are used in the nutrition of a baby in the second year of life in 1-2 days.

      //www.ourbaby.ru/articles/article.aspx?id=311
      Quote:
      Low-fat foods for children? ..

      Prohibited. Avoiding fats leads to a dangerous deficiency of healthy fatty acids in the body, which are vital for children to develop properly. Your child may not be given fat-free foods for a change in their diet until they start school.

      Quote:
      Studies by American scientists from the University of Nebraska have shown that such nutrition leads to vitamin E deficiency in almost 70% of children aged 2 to 5 years.

      And this is understandable. The main source of vitamin E in our diet is vegetable fats (sunflower, olive and other oils). But you will not find them in low-fat foods, since all fats, both vegetable and animal, are removed from them. In addition, vitamin E, as well as vitamins A, D and K are "fat-soluble" vitamins, that is, they are absorbed by the body only if they have already been dissolved in fats. But if there is little or no fat in the intestinal contents, then all these vitamins will pass through our digestive system in transit.

      //www.u-mama.ru/read/article.php?id=308610%

Marina_2009 09/11/2009 at 22:50:56

and what kind of milk do you give your child?

It also seems to me that the problem is just its fat content.

• knopar 11/10/2009 at 00:03:27

  maybe

  my little one, for example, strengthens even if you blow milk porridge every morning

  • Dmitry 11/11/2009 at 23:00:49

    Thanks everyone for the opinions

    I give Rakitnyanske 2.5% fat, when he drinks it, it's hard for him to poop, and when not, it's free. But I think it's not bad if the child drinks milk.

    • Yeya 11/11/2009 at 23:14:50

      the fact that the child drinks milk is great

      but what drinks, to put it mildly, is not very good milk for children, this is already bad.

      Schaste_est 11/11/2009 at 23:38:22

      oh, what is this milk?

      for the first time I hear about this. Is it baby?

      • Dmitry on 12/11/2009 at 00:13:44

        No, it's an adult, but I know it's good.

        The fact that it is written in milk that it is baby does not mean that it is baby. How many watched the Quality Mark, I came to this conclusion.

        • Schaste_est 12/11/2009 at 00:45:51

          I don’t know how for whom, but for me neither the Quality Mark, nor the STB are authorities ..

          But baby food is different too. If it is simply written on it - childish, it still does not mean anything. And since he was treated by the Ministry of Health and is worth his age, I don't know why there is any doubt that this is baby food. Moreover, do you think that in the Quality Label products are checked by specialists more professional than those who sit in the Ministry of Health?

          Yeya on 11/12/2009 at 00:49:11

          Why such confidence? Have you analyzed this milk?

          • Dmitry on 12/11/2009 at 23:19:15

            I'm not saying that these programs are authoritative for me.

            It's just that even infant formula is not of high quality (even super specialists from the Ministry of Health say), then what can we say about milk ...
            The milk that I buy was recommended to me by a friend, she was at the factory.

            • Yeya on 11/13/2009 at 21:56:11

              well, even if it is super-duper high-quality (which I strongly doubt and think that I'm right)

Lyudmila Sergeevna Sokolova

Reading time: 4 minutes

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Article last updated: 05/01/2019

Constipation in infants is manifested by a slow and difficult emptying of their intestines. At the same time, the number of acts of defecation is an absolutely individual number until the introduction of complementary foods for breastfed children. For infants who are fed artificial nutrition, the normal amount of bowel movements is 1-2 times a day.

To make a diagnosis of constipation, one should rely rather not on the number of bowel movements, but on the weight gain of the baby and his general condition. If the child feels great and does not feel any discomfort from his food, then there is no need to worry and panic in vain.

If the infant, along with the absence of a chair, shows excessive anxiety, does not gain weight well, gives off putrefactive gases, cries and tightens his legs when feeding, strains too much when trying to perform an act of defecation, then one can suspect he has constipation and begin treatment.

The main causes of constipation in infants

The exact cause can only be determined by an experienced pediatrician, since there are several possible reasons that can cause difficult bowel movements in infants:

1. the use of foods that fix feces in infants;
2. insufficient maturity of the central nervous system;
3. various bowel diseases;
4. teething;
5. transfer from breastfeeding to artificial;
6. insufficient work of the thyroid gland, which leads to a weak production of hormones;
7. allergic reactions;
8. lack of milk in a nursing mother;
9. taking antibiotics, antispasmodics, antidepressants or iron-containing drugs by a nursing mother.

In the womb, the child gets used to close bodily contact with his mother. Therefore, after birth, he may develop psychogenic constipation due to the lack of this contact! Try to maintain this connection with the baby in every possible way, take him in your arms more often, hug and hug him.

What foods can cause constipation in babies up to a year of life

There are several types of foods that cause constipation in infants:

• rice porridge (polished rice is especially dangerous);
• unripe bananas;
• meat with a high fat content, canned meat;
• hard and fatty cheeses;
• hard-boiled chicken eggs;
• whole milk dairy drinks;
• strong fish or meat broths;
• bakery products;
• pasta, mashed potatoes and semolina;
• boiled carrots, eggplants, mushrooms;
• chocolate;
• some types of nuts (cashews, greek, peanuts);
• pastry products and other confectionery products;
• strong coffee, tea and mint drinks, as well as cocoa.

Certain medications can also make babies difficult to empty their bowels! You should not engage in self-treatment of your child, and the manifestation of signs and symptoms of constipation, you should seek help from your pediatrician.

There are a number of reasons for the appearance of constipation in babies on artificial nutrition. The milk mixture must be individually selected for each baby, since an unsuitable one can cause problems with the intestines. You should select the most suitable mixture according to the recommendations of pediatricians and your own observations of the baby's well-being.

A sudden change in nutrition to a different type of mixture can provoke difficult bowel movements. This procedure should be done slowly over several days.

Introducing drinking water is a prerequisite for breastfed babies. Lack of fluid can cause thickening of the stool masses and make it difficult to defecate.

How to feed a child with constipation

In case of problems with defecation in a child, a nursing mother needs to adjust her menu and the baby's complementary feeding diet. You should not completely abandon food products that can provoke constipation in infants. For example, a large amount of calcium is found in cottage cheese and hard cheeses. Therefore, you do not need to give up them, since calcium is extremely useful for both the baby and the mother herself.

How to feed a child with constipation? Include on your menu plenty of fruits and vegetables that are high in fiber and high in potassium. This will help improve the baby's bowel permeability and cope with this problem. You also need to replace dairy dishes from whole cow's milk with fermented milk products, goat's milk. Experts recommend reducing the use of buns, fresh white bread, biscuits, other flour and confectionery products, replacing them with crackers or biscuit biscuits. Nursing mothers should pay attention to the use of a large amount of liquid in their menu so that breast milk is not too thick and fat, which in turn can lead to constipation in the baby.

Don't give up meat completely! You need to eat it in combination with vegetables, herbs and fruits. The same rule applies to cereal soups and cereals.

Unripe bananas, green apples and pears are constipated due to their high starch content. And in these fully ripe fruits, part of the starch goes into pectin, which can weaken the work of the intestines of children. Breastfeeding mothers can take this fact into account in order to be able to make the right menu and control normal stool in the child.

Prevention of obstructed bowel movement in infants

If your child has problems with bowel movement, be sure to visit the local pediatrician with him. He is obliged to examine the baby, find out the cause of this problem and give full advice on the further treatment of constipation. You should not postpone the visit to the doctor until a later date, hoping that everything will go away on its own. It is also not worth doing home treatment. Remember that your child's health depends on your actions!

To avoid the repetition of this unpleasant phenomenon, mothers should adhere to some preventive principles.

Balance your own nutrition and that of your baby so that he can fully eat and receive all the necessary nutrients. Remember to keep a food diary in which you record your child's reactions to certain foods. This will help to avoid constipation, diarrhea and manifestations of allergic reactions in the child.

Do a little gymnastics or light massage for your baby. While playing with him, tuck his legs and “spin the bike”. Massage his tummy in a clockwise direction with gentle circular motions of your palm. Do not forget to lay the baby on his stomach more often. These simple procedures can help strengthen the infant's abdominal muscles and help ease bowel problems.

Don't forget about close intimacy with your child! Be sure to find plenty of time to cuddle him or put him on your chest. This will surely calm the baby and normalize the functioning of all his organs!

You should not treat such problems in babies with soap, thermometers and other "folk methods"! It is scientifically proven that this kind of bowel stimulation is extremely harmful and can be addictive.

Read on:

Can a particular food cause constipation? What is the likelihood of constipation with certain medications? - these and many other questions about the possibility of constipation are often of interest to readers.

Products

Can milk cause constipation?

If we are talking about children, then they should not be given low-fat foods. If the body weight of children is within the normal range, then foods with a reduced percentage of fat are unacceptable for them. For their nutrition, it is rational to use milk with a fat percentage of 3.2%. Other products: kefir - fat content 2.5-3.2%, yogurt - 3.2%, sour cream - 10%, cottage cheese - up to 10%. To avoid constipation in children, the total content of fermented milk products and milk should not exceed 500-550 ml per day, even with the preparation of various milk-based dishes. At the same time, a child can receive 200 ml of kefir every day. In the event that the proteins of cow's milk are intolerable for children, it is allowed to postpone their acquaintance with whole milk for up to two and a half years. Whole milk is milk, during the processing of which none of its components has been qualitatively changed. These components include carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, proteins, and mineral salts. For feeding the baby, you can continue to use formulas made from whole milk, to which no whey is added. Such mixtures are suitable for use in the second half of the baby's life. Children over the age of one year can only receive milk-based (non-creamy) baby yoghurt of special use, which is characterized by a moderate content of carbohydrates and fats. The daily intake of such yoghurt is 100 ml. To replenish calcium and protein stores, it is recommended to consume 50 grams of cottage cheese per day. 5-10 grams of sour cream and cream are recommended for filling the first courses, for feeding the baby in the second year of life, hard cheese varieties are used, in crushed form. The frequency of its use in food is 1-2 days.

Thus, it can be concluded that milk cannot cause constipation if used in moderation. In adults, constipation after drinking milk can begin only if it is of poor quality.

Can porridge cause constipation?

Porridge by itself cannot cause constipation if cooked properly. They should be prepared from whole cereals, not using semi-finished products from bags. You should not cook cereals for a long time - 15-20 minutes is enough, you should not salt it either. After cooking, you need to remove it from the stove and cover it with a towel. If seasoned with olive oil, fresh fruits and vegetables, the result will be a very good softener of intestinal deposits. Leek goes well with buckwheat porridge; it is useful to season wheat porridge with one teaspoon of kritsa.

Can the mixture cause constipation?

If a baby is bottle-fed, he has more stool problems than a baby. Most often, parents conclude that the composition of the selected mixture is simply not suitable for the child and are trying to modify it. However, this is only one of the reasons for constipation - defecation can stop for the same reasons as in a nursing baby. The only difference is that instead of analyzing the diet of a nursing mother, you should take a closer look at the composition of the mixture used.

In addition, the following factors are important: too thick dilution of the mixture, a small amount of liquid, which is important, since the artificial people need it, the mixture is not suitable for a particular baby.

The child should receive at least 150 ml of water per day. As a substitute, you can offer him dill water, chamomile decoction, plantex, since all these elements have a strong laxative effect.

If all these rules are observed, but there is no result, we can conclude that the mixture used for the child is not suitable.

Can a banana cause constipation?

There is a misconception that bananas can help relieve constipation. In fact, you cannot get rid of constipation with the help of bananas, since they can, on the contrary, provoke its onset. There are a number of prescription banana treatments for diarrhea, so if you experience constipation, they should not be used categorically. In this case, it is best to eat fresh apples within one to two days. They are able to relieve the stomach and induce normal bowel movements. In addition, there may be some benefits in using boiled corn or beetroot salad.

Can cottage cheese cause constipation?

With regular, daily consumption of low-fat cottage cheese, moreover, if the product is used instead of other protein-containing components, such as fish and meat, which also contain fat, problems with stool may occur. In this case, it is recommended in the morning, half an hour before meals, to drink two tablespoons of vegetable oil, washed down with water. Everything will come out with butter before breakfast, so don't worry about the extra calories you can get with it. It is good to eat prunes with cottage cheese, which have good laxative properties.

Can kefir cause constipation?

Kefir, by its properties, is not one of the foods that can cause constipation. On the contrary, due to its laxative properties, it is recommended for constipation in combination with other fermented milk products such as yogurt and varenets. It's another matter if the kefir is already stale - it costs more than three days. In this case, its thickening may occur, which, under certain circumstances, can cause stool retention. In this case, it is recommended to dilute kefir with water before use, or replace it with a fresh one.

Kefir is good for constipation if consumed for several days. Moreover, it must be one-day. Kefir with bifidobacteria is useful.

Can nuts cause constipation?

It is not recommended for children under three years old to eat nuts, as they can cause an allergic reaction in children. By themselves, nuts are not among the foods that can cause constipation. Another thing is the individual reaction of the body, which can cause many foods to cause constipation. If, after eating nuts, the child shows signs of constipation, therefore, with this product you need to be on your guard and eliminate it from the child's diet.

Can bran be constipated?

Bran has a good healing effect on constipation. They contain fiber for bowel function. Its indigestible fibers have an absorbent effect. It is only important not to overdo the dose when taking bran, as in this case, the opposite effect may occur.

Drugs

Can Bifiform cause constipation

The action of the drug Bifiform is aimed at eliminating constipation by restoring the intestinal microflora and by itself it cannot cause them. The composition of the drug includes microorganisms that help the body to digest food, as well as assimilate folic acid and vitamin E. Such microorganisms are completely identical to intestinal microorganisms.

Each capsule of the drug contains enterococci and bifitobacteria. After the capsule enters the body, it dissolves in the intestine, which is the reason for its rapid recovery and suppression of pathogenic microbes. Microorganisms that make up the beneficial microflora, while receiving excellent conditions for development.

Can Plantex cause constipation

The basis of Plantex is fennel seed, which normalizes stool and promotes gas release. In fact, this is the same water with dill. In addition, it is worth noting that Plantex is useful not only for the gastrointestinal tract, but also for full physical development as well. Constipation is a normal reaction of the body to new food or drink, so when Plantex is used, constipation usually stops.

Can bobotik cause constipation

Often, in the second or third week after birth, the baby develops colic, which is the result of the special adaptability of the baby's digestive system to nutritional conditions. When a baby is in the womb, its gastrointestinal tract is sterile. After birth, it is replenished with microorganisms from the skin and mother's milk. Front milk, which is richer in lactose and carbohydrates, increases gas and bloating. The result is colic - pain that occurs in the baby's body, appearing as a result of pressure on the intestinal wall of gas bubbles. The child becomes restless, cries and twists his legs.

In this case, they turn to anti-colic agents. Their assortment is very wide - they include espumisan, plantex, babyino. Bobotik contains in its composition simection, which helps to reduce the content of gases. This is because the components of the simection not only eliminate gas bubbles, but also prevent new ones from forming. The foam, which pressed on the intestinal walls, and contributed to the formation of painful sensations, settles and is removed from the digestive tract.

Bobotik is contraindicated in case of intestinal obstruction, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, general sensitivity of the body to the components of the drug.

Simection can also cause an allergic reaction, however, according to parents, this does not happen often.

In general, from all of the above, we can conclude that bobotik is not one of the drugs that can cause constipation.

Can bifidumbacterin cause constipation?

The use of Bifidumbacterin for constipation helps to cleanse the body of toxic substances that accumulate in the intestines and reduce motor activity. Its reception improves the work of smooth muscles and provides peristalsis, which helps to improve bowel function and relieve constipation.

A variety of the drug is bifidumbacterin forte, which is available in the form of powder or capsules. Its difference lies in the fact that biphytobacteria are deposited on activated charcoal, which contributes to additional cleansing of the intestines from toxins.

When eliminating constipation, this is a very popular remedy that can not only treat constipation, but also improve the general condition of the intestinal cavity. After the first course of treatment, the general condition of a person improves, the heaviness in the abdomen is relieved and problems with stool recede.

Can Espumisan cause constipation?

Espumisan is the most common drug for the elimination of colic in newborns. It is produced in the form of a white emulsion with a sweetish taste, which greatly facilitates its use in the case of babies, since they like the taste of espumisan, although there has been a reverse reaction.

Espumisan is indicated for colic in newborns, as well as for preventive preparatory work in the diagnosis of abdominal organs. The drug, as a rule, does not give side effects, however, allergic reactions occur when using it. For newborns, espumisan is contraindicated in cases where complete intestinal obstruction is observed, as well as hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Stool problems in newborns are familiar to every mom. But how to distinguish constipation in infants while breastfeeding from other gastrointestinal problems? You can understand what is happening with the baby by certain symptoms. On breastfeeding, this phenomenon is quite rare, but sometimes it does occur.

After birth, in newborns, on days 1-3, the original feces - meconium - the remnants of digested amniotic fluid are released. It can be dark brown to black in color, with a thick oily consistency. Gradually, the feces become softer, light brown or golden in color with the smell of sour milk. Various inclusions are possible - greenish, white and others.

In the first month, stool frequency can vary from 3 to 12 times. Pediatricians believe that it is normal for a child to have a bowel movement after every meal. By 3-4 months, the baby does it less often - 5-6 times a day. At 6 months, when complementary foods begin to be introduced, the child can poop no more than twice a day. These norms are conditional, since all children are individual. Someone may go to the toilet more often, someone less often.

If a newborn's diaper is not stained for several days, this is not a cause for concern, if the baby is feeling good, cheerful and active. The norm for the absence of feces during breastfeeding is considered to be up to 7 days.

Symptoms of constipation in infants

But the baby has more than just stool retention. Symptoms of constipation while breastfeeding in a baby are:

1. Tight tight tummy.
2. Frequent and unsuccessful attempts of the baby.
3. The child poops with crying.
4. Emitted gases with a very unpleasant odor.
5. The child's feces are hard, the so-called "goat".
6. When emptying the intestines, a hard "plug" comes out first, and then a softer stool.

At the same time, the baby is often observed - sleep disturbance, capricious behavior, crying, anxiety. The symptoms of constipation will not be all at once in a newborn. The presence of 2-3 already means that you need to see a doctor.

Causes of constipation

There are several reasons for constipation in infants:

1. Underdeveloped nervous system;
2. Bowel defects
3. Early introduction of complementary foods;
4. Improper nutrition of the mother;
5. The use of antibiotics;
6. Lack of milk.

In the first case, all children are born with an underdeveloped nervous system. In the intestine, nerve endings are also not yet developed, and therefore it reacts poorly and does not push food.

Intestinal defects are: lengthening of the sigmoid colon, impaired intestinal innervation and lactase deficiency. These diseases are rare, most often have a genetic predisposition and are treated under medical supervision.

Early introduction of complementary foods is fraught not only with constipation, but also with other intestinal disorders. It is also possible volvulus, increased gas production, and much more. Pediatricians consider the normal age for complementary foods to be 6 months. Before that, the baby has enough breast milk.

Malnutrition of the mother is the most common cause of constipation in infants. You need to adjust your diet, then the child's stool will improve. Many foods cause constipation, while others are weak. We need to balance the menu.

The use of antibiotics is a necessity on which the life and health of the child or mother depends. Thereafter, the newborn often has digestive upsets, including constipation while breastfeeding.

Lack of milk - in this case, constipation in an infant is called "hungry". At the same time, the newborn has very little weight gain. You can understand whether the baby has enough food by his behavior - if he is looking for a breast after a rather long feeding, crying, then most likely he does not have enough milk. In addition, you can understand this by control weighing - the baby is weighed before and after feeding. If the increase is from 50 grams or more, then this is normal. But this norm is conditional, since 40 grams of milk is enough for one newborn, and 100 grams is not enough for another. At this point, you need to focus on the behavior of the baby.

In addition, it is necessary to distinguish between constipation and colic. If in the first case it is possible to help with the help of medicines and any other methods, then there is no treatment for colic, they pass over time. You can understand that a child has colic, and not constipation, for several reasons:

• The time when the child becomes restless and cries is in the evening. Usually it is from 6 to 11-12 hours and is repeated from day to day. With constipation, pain attacks can occur at any time of the day.
• No medicines and methods help. In case of constipation, when choosing the right remedy, there is an improvement.
• If the baby has constipation, then pressing him to himself with his tummy or applying a warm diaper to him can calm him down. This will not help with colic.

But the pediatrician, who can prescribe tests and examinations, will help to introduce accuracy.

Treatment

At the first symptoms of constipation in a child, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician. He will prescribe the correct treatment that will help the baby and not harm his health. This is done after a thorough examination with the delivery of the necessary tests. In this case, the doctor verifies the symptoms, because the same symptoms can be signs of various diseases.

In extreme cases, when it is not possible to contact a doctor, for constipation in newborns with breastfeeding, treatment can be carried out independently in the following ways:

1. Dill water - you can make it yourself by brewing dill seeds, or you can buy it ready-made at the pharmacy.
2. Duphalac, Espumisan, Bobotik and other drugs - in this case, the choice is very wide, but you need to select it individually.
3. Glycerin candles.
4. Microclysters Microlax.

In addition to dill water, everything else requires a doctor's confirmation.

You can also massage the tummy, apply a warm diaper.

Massage is done as follows:

1. Put the child on the back and stroke the tummy with soft circular movements. This relaxes smooth muscles, relieves spasms and simply psychologically brings mother and baby closer together.
2. Also put the baby on his back. Bend the legs at the knees and press them against the tummy, then lower them down. Repeat 10-15 times.
3. The baby lies on the back. Bend each leg in turn at the knee and make a circular motion with it, first clockwise and then counterclockwise.
4. Put the baby on his tummy and gently, with light movements, make a rhythmic massage along the spine.

Many grandmothers in this case are advised to put an enema or, even worse, insert a bar of soap. In no case should this be done, as it threatens to "wash out" the intestinal microflora, damage the mucous membrane and intestinal microtraumas. Enemas are often also not allowed, this is an extreme method of dealing with constipation.

If the baby has constipation from breast milk, or rather, from the mother's malnutrition, then you just need to adjust the diet of the nursing mother. To do this, remove from the diet everything that causes constipation, and add laxatives and improve digestion.

Constipation-causing foods	Weakening foods	Foods that improve digestion
fatty meats; pasta; Potato; bakery products; fast food; semi-finished products; fried pies; sandwiches; carbonated drinks; Garnet	fresh vegetables and fruits; dairy products; sweets; yeast-free baked goods made from coarse flour; sweets; dried apricots; prunes	oatmeal; lentils; broths from lean meats; beans; milk; cottage cheese

Knowing which foods cause constipation, they need to be limited in use during the period of feeding HW. It is not required to completely remove these foods from the diet, just reduce their amount, while consuming foods from the third column as much as possible. Laxative foods can be helpful in acute cases. When breastfeeding, this option works well. Especially often they say that you need to eat prunes (dried or fresh), it improves intestinal motility well.

Prophylaxis

You can prevent constipation in an infant while breastfeeding. The main thing is to listen to the doctor's advice and adhere to the recommendations that involve the prevention of constipation:

1. The baby's mother needs to eat properly and fully, adhering to the diet of a nursing mother.
2. You also need to drink enough water. And not only for the mother, but also for the baby. Yes, many pediatricians are against it. But if it is hot at home (summer, heating season), the child just needs additional liquid.
3. Place the baby on the tummy as often as possible. In addition, doing a simple exercise every morning - this charges the baby with additional energy, and the body makes it work as it should.
4. Introducing complementary foods, the main thing to remember about the same list of foods that cause constipation. It is necessary to focus on age, because early complementary feeding is not beneficial. But late feeding does not bode well.
5. Overheating must be avoided. Constipation is also possible after it.

Having understood why the baby has a tummy ache, you can help him correctly by choosing a treatment. But it must be remembered that a child's irregular bowel movements are not always a cause for concern. Sometimes this is the norm for this particular baby. You should not sound the alarm and run to the doctors on the very first day of the delay. First you need to give the baby time to try to cope on his own, so that the baby's body understands how to properly deal with difficulties, including such. But if it did not work out even after two days, then the help of a doctor is needed.