Rq 4 global hawk combat use. Iran's nuclear and military program. Global Hawk won the competition

RQ-4 Global Hawk- strategic UAV. It made its first flight on February 28, 1998 from the US Air Force base in California. The first Global Hawk was handed over to the US Navy in 2004 and began combat missions in March 2006.

The RQ-4 has a normal aerodynamic design. The wing is made entirely of carbon fiber composite material. V-shaped tail, also made of composite materials. The fuselage is made of aluminum alloys. Its wingspan is approximately 35 meters, its length is 13.3 meters, and its take-off weight is approaching 15 tons. The device can patrol for 30 hours at an altitude of 18,000 meters. According to press reports: the price of the aircraft is $ 35 million, fully equipped - $ 123 million. Manufactured by Teledyne Ryan Aeronautical (USA).

To increase mobility, all ground equipment is placed in containers or on special trailers. Radar, daytime and infrared cameras can work at the same time. The daytime electro-optical digital camera is manufactured by Hughes and provides high resolution images. The sensor (1024 x 1024 pixels) is paired with a telephoto lens with a focal length of 1750 mm. There are two modes of operation, depending on the program. The first is scanning a strip 10 km wide. The second is a detailed image of a 2 x 2 km area. The synthetic aperture radar is manufactured by Raytheon (Hughes) and is designed to operate in all weather conditions. In normal operation, it provides a 1 meter resolution radar image of the area. In a day, an image can be obtained from an area of 138,000 km² at a distance of 200 km. In spot mode ("spotlight" mode), shooting an area of 2 x 2 km, in 24 hours more than 1900 images with a resolution of 0.3 m can be obtained. Global Hawk has a broadband satellite communication channel and a communication channel within the line of sight.
There are also modifications without reconnaissance equipment. Its place is taken by bomb bays.
It is also assumed that the RQ-4 is capable of carrying nuclear weapons.

Design

The device is equipped with an Allison Rolls-Royce AE3007H turbofan with a thrust of 31.4 kN and is capable of carrying a payload weighing up to 900 kg. The fuselage is made of aluminum and is a semi-monocoque. The wings are made of lightweight, high strength composite. The Global Hawk is the first UAV to receive FAA clearance for independent flight missions and civilian air corridors in the United States without further notice.
The Global Hawk UAV complex consists of an air segment, a ground segment, a service segment, as well as trained personnel. The air segment directly includes UAVs with various sensors, avionics and data transmission systems. The ground segment consists of a Launch and Recovery Element, a Mission Control Element with built-in ground communications equipment.

The built-in sensor system is manufactured by Raytheon and includes an optical-electronic (OE) and infrared (IR) sensor radar. Both the optoelectronic and the infrared sensor can work simultaneously with the radar. Each of the sensors can work both in the review mode and in the magnification of certain areas. The radar has the ability to detect ground moving objects (moving target indicator - MTI) and transmit information about such objects (coordinates and speed) in text messages. Images received from the radar and OE / IR sensors are processed on board the UAV and transmitted to the ground station in the form of separate frames. The ground station collects images from the frames and prepares them for further use.
An inertial system with GPS corrections is used for navigation. The Global Hawk is designed for autonomous flight and transmission of reconnaissance data via satellite channels (Ku and VHF bands) to a ground station. In the case of using a UAV in the line of sight, it is possible to directly transmit data to a suitable ground station.

The ground segment, consisting of the Launch and Recovery Element and the Mission Control Element, is also manufactured by Raytheon. MCE is used for task setting, control and monitoring, image processing and transmission. LRE is designed to launch and search for UAVs. The LRE has equipment for calculating GPS differential corrections to determine the exact navigational position of the UAV during takeoff and landing. The rest of the time, the main navigation aid is the inertial system (with GPS corrections). During missions, MCE and LRE can be in different locations (MCE is usually at the command location). Both systems in the ground segment are housed in fortified shelters, with external antennas for direct and satellite communications.

The Global Hawk is equipped with an integrated surveillance and reconnaissance system (Hughes Integrated Surveillance & Reconnaissance - HISAR). This is a simplified and cheaper version of the ASARS-2 complex developed by Hughes for the Lockheed U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. This complex is also used on board the RC-7B army UAV and is sold on the international market. The complex includes SAR / MTI, as well as optical and infrared sensors. All three subsystems are controlled, and their data is processed by a single processor. Digital data can be transmitted to the ground in real time with line-of-sight or through a satellite link at speeds up to 50 Mbps. The SAR / MTI subsystem operates in the X band and provides:
Scanning and detection of moving targets within a radius of 100 km
The combined SAR / MTI mode provides the ability to observe with a resolution of 6 meters over strips 37 km wide and 20 to 110 km long.
In detail mode, the radar provides a resolution of 1.8 meters over an area of 10 square meters. km.

It is in service with the Armed Forces of the United States and Germany.

The scale of this giant's capabilities is enormous. The service ceiling is up to 18,000 meters, the time spent without refueling in the air is up to 30 hours. The mass of the payload that the device can take is up to 907.2 kg. 1 hour of flight of the device costs more than 32 thousand dollars. The cost of 1 aircraft is about 35 million dollars, excluding R&D costs.
Download a brief description of the device right now.

Global Hawk - what are the capabilities of the device?

UAV Global Hawk can stay in the air for up to 30 hours, it is possible to refuel in the air, which will double the flight time. The unmanned vehicle is equipped with a comprehensive integrated reconnaissance and surveillance system called HISAR. The complex includes a radar with a view of up to 100 km, infrared cameras and sensors, optical sensors, high-definition cameras with the ability to see what is on 1 sq. M. surface of the earth. Digitized, secure cryptographic data can be transmitted to the ground directly from the device in line of sight or via satellite signals at speeds up to 100 Mbps. Moreover, the radar, all cameras, infrared sensors, optical devices can work simultaneously. Transferring data to a powerful single processor. Look also in the section technical specifications, data on the device. Did you like the article? Interesting site? Add our site to your browser bookmarks so as not to lose! The ARMAIR company also invites you to learn more about civilian drones. You can see their models, characteristics and prices on the website. For business, we recommend the Supercam series, for personal use - there is a wide range of DJI quadcopters. Planning to buy drones? Would you like to receive a price calculation? Leave a request or call us right now!

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mfi:

nPDYZHYLBGYS	RQ-4
TBNBI LTSCHMB, N	35.42
dMYOB, N	13.53
chSCHUPFB, N	4.62
rMPEBDSH LTSCHMB, H2	50.2
NBUUB, LZ
RHUFPZP	4177
CHMEFOBS	11622
FPRMYCHB	6583
FIRE DCHISBFEMES	1 ftdd Allison AE3007H
FSZB, LZU	1 AND 3450
nBLUYNBMSHOBS ULPTPUFSH, LN / Yu	639
TBDYHU DEKUFCHICE, LN	4445
rTPDPMTSYFEMSHOPUFSH RPMEFB, Yu	38
rTBLFYUEEULIK RPFPMPL, N	19800

The RQ-4 Global Hawk UAV program was launched in May 1995, when the Teledyne Ryan Aeronautical (TRA) project was declared the winner in the competition for the best UAV under the Tier II + program. The competition lasted 6 months, five firms - applicants took part in it.
The new drone, among other things, was considered as a replacement for the Lockheed U-2 long-range high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft, which had been in operation since 1956.

Teledyne Ryan already had experience in drone design. The long-range high-altitude reconnaissance AQM-34 Firebee created by this company worked well in Vietnam, several hundred of these drones were built.
In 1999, the firm was taken over by Northrop Grumman and became a division of the firm.

RQ-4 is made according to the normal aerodynamic design with a low wing high aspect ratio. The wing, manufactured by the Boeing concern, is completely made of composite material based on carbon fiber.

This made it possible to create a thin, lightweight and durable wing of high aspect ratio. There are at least two external suspension points on the wing, designed for a load weighing up to 450 kg each. Three-point chassis with nose wheel. There is one wheel on the nose landing gear, and two wheels on the underwing struts. The semi-monocoque fuselage is manufactured by Teledyne Ryan from aluminum alloys. It has three main parts. The instrument compartment is located in front. There, under a large radio-transparent fairing, a parabolic satellite antenna with a diameter of 1.22 meters is located. All reconnaissance equipment is located in the same compartment. The middle section houses a large fuel tank and the tail section houses the Allison AE 3007H turbofan jet engine. The engine is borrowed, almost unchanged, from the Citation-X and EMB-145 business jets. After making small changes to the control system, the engine runs stably at altitudes up to 21,300 meters.
The V-tail, manufactured by Aurora Flight Sciences, is also made of composite materials. The wingspan is approximately 35 meters, the length is 13.3 meters, and the take-off weight is approaching 15 tons. The device can patrol for 30 hours at an altitude of 18,000 meters.
According to experts from the Northrop Grumman development company, Global Hawk can cover the distance from the Sigonella VVB to Johannesburg and back at one filling station.

The Global Hawk first flew on February 28, 1998, from Edwards Air Force Base.
In the first flight, an altitude of 9750 meters was reached, at a speed of 280 km / h. Thanks to the use of the GPS differential navigation system, the deviation from the runway axis after landing was less than 0.5 meters.

Satellite image of Google Earth: Global Hawk at Edwards AFB

The first 7 built vehicles were created as part of the Advanced Technology Demonstration (ACTD) program, and were intended to assess the ability to perform special tasks. The world situation provided a high demand for this UAV, and the first prototypes were immediately sent to Afghanistan.

The RQ-4 Global Hawk was produced in parallel with ongoing development. Nine Block 10 UAVs (sometimes called the RQ-4A model) were manufactured, two of which were immediately acquired by the United States Navy. Three devices were sent to Iraq. The last UAVs of the first serial modification Block 10 were received on June 26, 2006.
Further, within the framework of the RQ-4B model, there appeared:
Block 20 - it has increased payload and wingspan (up to 39.8 m), the flight range has been reduced to 8,700 nautical miles.
Block 30 is a modified version, officially adopted by the US Air Force in August 2011.
Block 40 - which made its first flight on November 16, 2009. The main difference from previous Block 20/30 modifications is the MP-RTIP multi-platform radar.

The cost of one machine is about $ 35 million (together with the development, the cost reaches $ 123.2 million). To date, about 40 drones of all modifications have been assembled.

The UAV is used as a platform for various reconnaissance equipment. The Global Hawk is equipped with three reconnaissance equipment subsystems. They operate at different wavelengths and can work simultaneously.
The synthetic aperture radar is manufactured by Raytheon and is designed to operate in all weather conditions. In normal mode, it provides a radar image of the terrain with a resolution of 1 meter. In a day, an image can be obtained from an area of 138,000 km2 at a distance of 200 km. In spot mode, shooting an area of 2 x 2 km, in 24 hours more than 1900 images with a resolution of 0.3 m can be obtained. Using the Doppler effect, the radar can track a moving target if its speed is more than 7 km / h.
Two radar antennas (located on the sides in the lower part of the fuselage instrument compartment, length 1.21 m). Electronic equipment weighing 290 kg consume 6 kW of electricity.

The daytime electro-optical digital camera is manufactured by Hughes and provides high resolution images. The sensor (1,024 x 1,024 pixels) is paired with a 1,750 mm telephoto lens. There are two modes of operation, depending on the program. The first is scanning a strip 10 km wide. The second is a detailed image of a 2 x 2 km area. An IR sensor (640 x 480 pixels) is used to obtain night images. He uses the same telephoto lens. The lens can be rotated 80 degrees.

Global Hawk and its EO / IR sensor unit

Radar, daytime and infrared cameras can work simultaneously, which provides a large amount of information. The combined day / night infrared camera has an information output rate of 40 million pixels per second, which is 400 Mbps depending on the color resolution. The onboard system for collecting and storing information compresses the received digital images and records them.

Several communication channels can be used to transmit information to consumers. The speed of information transmission via the satellite channel is 50 Mbit / s. For these purposes, the satellite communication system SATCOM is used, the antenna diameter is 1.22 meters. On a UHF radio channel within the line of sight, information can be transmitted at a speed of 137 Mbit / s.

The information is sent to the ground flight control station and to the take-off / landing control station. Users not connected to the ground station will be able to receive images directly from the Global Hawk UAV.

Global Hawk is integrated into existing tactical aerial reconnaissance systems (flight planning, data processing, operations and information dissemination). It is connected to systems: the Joint Intelligence Support System (JDISS) and the Global Command and Control System (GCCS). The resulting images can be transmitted to the operational commander for immediate use. The data obtained from the UAV is used for target detection, for planning strike operations for reconnaissance, as well as for solving other problems.
A UAV without the use of stealth technology should have a sufficiently high survival rate. To ensure this, the Global Hawk is equipped with an AN / ALR 89 RWR radar exposure detector and jamming stations. If necessary, he can use the towed jammer ALE-50. Experiments to simulate real situations have shown that the Global Hawk can, on average, make more than 200 sorties if its flight route is planned taking into account the current situation (outside of active combat zones).

The ground segment of the Global Hawk system includes a mission control unit and launch and maintenance items manufactured by Raytheon. The job control unit is used for scheduling, managing, processing and transmitting images. The launch and maintenance system provides accurate global positioning satellite positioning system differential correction for accurate takeoff and landing, while in-flight GPS with inertial navigation system is used. Due to the separation of the elements of the ground station, each part of it can be located in a different part of the world. The job control unit is often co-located with the main control point. Both elements are housed in a military container along with an internal antenna for direct communications and satellite communications equipment.

UAVs RQ-4 Global Hawk were used during military operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya. Most likely they will be used during the operation against Syria.
Currently, the infrastructure is being equipped and equipment is being installed for the use of strategic high-altitude reconnaissance RQ-4 "Global Hawk" in different parts of the world.

Satellite image of Google Earth: Global Hawk and U-2 reconnaissance aircraft at Baele airbase

At the first stage, the task was set for their effective use in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa. For this, it is planned to use the US Air Force base on the island of Sicily, on the territory of the Italian air force base "Sigonella".
The choice of the RQ-4 "Global Hawk" UAV as the main means of conducting aerial reconnaissance and surveillance, including in the zone of Europe and Africa, is by no means accidental. Today, this drone with a wingspan reaching 39.9 m can be called without exaggeration the actual uncrowned "king of drones." The device has a takeoff weight of about 14.5 tons and carries a payload of more than 1,300 kilograms. He is able to stay in the air without landing or refueling for up to 36 hours, while maintaining a speed of about 570 kilometers per hour. The ferry range of the UAV exceeds 22 thousand kilometers.

In addition to military reconnaissance missions, the RQ-4 Global Hawk is actively used for environmental monitoring for scientific purposes.
Several machines are used by NASA at the Dreiden Science Center for high-altitude research flights. The UAV was used to measure the ozone layer and the transport of pollution across the oceans.

In August, September 2010, one of the spacecraft participated in NASA's Genesis and Rapid Intensification Program, as part of the research of the Atlantic basin for the occurrence of hurricanes. It was equipped with weather sensors, including a Ku-band radar, a lightning display sensor and cameras from which a parachute radiosonde is ejected.
The drones could be used to explore Antarctica when they were based and operating in Chile.

During the liquidation of the consequences of natural disasters, flights were made over the territory of the United States to assess damage from Hurricane Ike and California fires.

A photograph of the 2008 US Navy Global Hawk fires in Northern California.

Several US allies have expressed interest in acquiring the Global Hawk.
Germany chose the RQ-4B to replace the outdated Breguet Atlantic patrol aircraft, christening it the Euro Hawk. The vehicle retained the original airframe, but received reconnaissance equipment from EADS. The sensor kit includes 6 fender hangers.

EuroHawk officially entered service on 8 October 2009 and first flew on 29 June 2010. It underwent flight tests at Edwards AFB for several months before flying in Germany in May 2011. Initially, it joined WTD61, Ingolstadt Airport Manching.
The cost of the first 5 machines was 430 million € for development and the same amount for the purchase.

Canada plans to replace the CP-140 Aurora patrol aircraft designed for maritime and ground surveillance. For work in the Arctic, in conditions of extremely low temperatures, Northrop Grumman specialists have created a modification of the Polar Hawk.

In addition, negotiations are underway for deliveries with Australia, Spain and Japan. India is also a potential buyer.

Based on materials:
http://www.northropgrumman.com/capabilities/globalhawk/Pages/default.aspx
http://warinform.ru/News-view-354.html
http://airspot.ru/catalogue/item/ryan-rq-4-global-hawk
http://tech-life.org/arms/86-rq-4-global-hawk

STRATEGIC REVIEW AND IMPACT
UAV RQ-4 GLOBAL HAWK (USA)
STRATEGIC RECONNAISSANCE RECONNAISSANCE
UAV RQ-4 GLOBAL HAWK (USA)

31.03.2019

The US Air Force strategic drone RQ-4B-40 Global Hawk conducted reconnaissance off the coast of Crimea, according to the monitoring resource PlaneRadar.
According to the portal, the drone took off from an air base in Italy and headed for the demarcation line in Donbass, and then flew along the Black Sea coast.
Recently, foreign reconnaissance aircraft and UAVs are increasingly appearing near Russian borders and military installations. They are regularly recorded over the Baltic Sea, in the Crimea and Krasnodar Territory, as well as not far from Russian bases in Syria.
Recently, not only American spies, but also Boeing B-52H nuclear strategic bombers have been spotted near the Russian borders.
The Russian Defense Ministry called on Washington to abandon such intelligence operations, but the Pentagon responded with a refusal.
RIA News

15.04.2019

The US Air Force strategic unmanned aerial vehicle RQ-4B-40 Global Hawk conducted reconnaissance near the western border of Russia, according to the monitoring resource PlaneRadar.
The drone with tail number 112048 took off from the Sigonella naval airbase, located in Sicily. At 7:10 Moscow time, the device was noticed in the airspace of Bulgaria, and at 11:10 - in the skies over Lithuania, near the border of the Kaliningrad region.
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At 15:10, the device began a reconnaissance flight along the borders of the Pskov and Leningrad regions. At the same time, the drone approached the Russian border at a distance of 39 kilometers.
Recently, foreign reconnaissance aircraft and UAVs are increasingly appearing near Russian borders. So, on Friday, the RQ-4B-40 Global Hawk flew in the airspace of Lithuania.
The Department of Defense called on Washington to stop such operations, but the Pentagon responded with a refusal.
RIA News

Military confrontation on the verge of incidents

22.06.2019

On June 20, 2019, the Iranian media released an official report in which it was reported that the Aerospace Forces of the IRGC of Iran (they include aviation, air defense and missile forces of the IRGC) shot down an American RQ-4 Global Hawk reconnaissance UAV that had invaded Iranian airspace. A few hours later, there was an official confirmation from the United States that an Iranian anti-aircraft missile had shot down their drone, although it is reported that it was an MQ-4C, that is, a special "sea" patrol version of the RQ-4 for the US Navy.
The Iranians say the UAV was shot down near the site, according to the Tasnim news agency using Iranian 3rd Khordad air defense missile system AKS IRGC. This is the first victory for this air defense system.
The Americans have specified the model of the downed vehicle. A spokesman for the US Central Command said that it was not the serial MQ-4C that was shot down, but one of the previously converted RQ-4A vehicles for maritime patrol and reconnaissance - BAMS-D.
https://bmpd.livejournal.com

RQ-4 GLOBAL HAWK BROKEN BY IRAN SEE BENEFITS FOR RUSSIA
IRAN RECEIVED IMPACT WARNING FROM US
IRAN KILLED AMERICAN UNMANNED LONG-RANGE RQ-4N BAMS-D
CONFUSION IN THE USA: THE MILITARY DOES NOT ACCEPT THEIR FIRST LOSS IN THE WAR WITH IRAN

RQ-4 GLOBAL HAWK STRATEGIC reconnaissance and strike UAV

Unmanned aerial vehicles RQ-4 "Global Hawk" of various modifications are designed for aerial surveillance (optical-electronic and radar facilities), as well as radio-technical reconnaissance in order to support the actions of the Air Force and other types of Armed Forces in various theaters with data transmission to the ground control point and processing information in real time. At present, it is the only serially produced strategic high-altitude reconnaissance UAV with a long flight duration.
RQ-4 Global Hawk is a strategic UAV. It made its first flight on February 28, 1998 from the US Air Force base in California. The first Global Hawk was handed over to the US Navy in 2004 and began combat missions in March 2006.
The Tier high-altitude long-range reconnaissance UAV program is a program for creating a demonstrator of advanced technology for the needs of air reconnaissance (Defense Airborne Reconnaissance Office's (DARO)). The goal of the project is to provide the commander of the combined armed forces with the necessary intelligence information. The project of Teledyne Ryan Aeronautical (TRA) UAV RQ-4A Global Hawk in May 1995 was chosen as the winner in the competition for the best UAV under the Tier II + program. The competition lasted 6 months, five firms - applicants took part in it.
The RQ-4 has a normal aerodynamic design. The wing is made entirely of carbon fiber composite material. V-shaped tail, also made of composite materials. The fuselage is made of aluminum alloys. Its wingspan is approximately 35 meters, its length is 13.3 meters, and its take-off weight is approaching 15 tons. The device can patrol for 30 hours at an altitude of 18,000 meters. According to press reports: the price of the aircraft is $ 35 million, fully equipped - $ 123 million. Manufactured by Teledyne Ryan Aeronautical (USA).
The device is equipped with an Allison Rolls-Royce AE3007H turbofan with a thrust of 31.4 kN and is capable of carrying a payload weighing up to 900 kg.

To increase mobility, all ground equipment is placed in containers or on special trailers. The ground equipment includes:
Takeoff / landing control station
Flight operations control station
Antenna Equipment Trailer (SATCOM)
Trailer with satellite dish
Trailer with cables
Two generators
Two additional generators
Power equipment set
Propulsion stand with engine
Spare parts kit
UAV maintenance kit
The flight control station and the take-off / landing control station are located in separate containers measuring 2.4x2.4x7.2m and 2.4x2.4x3.25m, respectively. For ease of movement, the containers are equipped with retractable wheels. The Global Hawk UAV ground equipment complex can be transported by air by three C-141B military transport aircraft, or two C-17, or one C-5B.
Currently, in connection with the need to conduct aerial reconnaissance from high altitudes in the US Air Force, the Global Hawk vehicles are in great demand, also due to their economic efficiency. Responding to the opponents of the US Air Force's plans to replace by 2011 the manned high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft U-2 by unmanned vehicles of the Global Hawk type, the director of high-altitude long-flight systems programs of the Northrop-Grumman company E. Welby said that the cost of 1 hour of flight of such a UAV is 13 thousand dollars, while the same figure for U-2 is 23 thousand. Moreover, with a partial reduction in maintenance costs, the cost of an hour of operation of the UAV "Global Hawk" will be about 6 thousand dollars.
It is in service with the Armed Forces of the United States and Germany. The European countries of NATO, Australia, as well as the Republic of Korea and Japan are considered as potential customers of the Global Hawk devices. In total, taking into account the export potential, 200-250 such UAVs can be produced.
The RQ-4 Global Hawk family of strategic unmanned reconnaissance aircraft set the record for most flight hours in February, Northrop Grumman reported on May 28, 2014. The drones that are deployed by the US Air Force and Navy, NASA space agency and other operators in the exercise. spent February 16-23, flown a total of 665 hours (the share of the US Air Force was 87%). Previously, the record for a weekly flight was 433.8 hours.
The US Air Force was ready to mothball its fleet of this type of drones, but the 2015 budget talks about the decommissioning of Lockheed Martin U-2 reconnaissance aircraft. Air Force officials say the decision was made in response to cost reductions for the RQ-4 Global Hawk. Two years ago, the United States Air Force said the drone was too expensive to fly, but the announcement met with strong opposition in Congress.
Now, according to the 2015 budget, the previously allocated $ 3 billion for the continuation of the U-2 operation will be transferred to the RQ-4 program. US Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel said the RQ-4 fleet can perform reconnaissance missions as efficiently as manned U-2s and reduce operating costs by improving unmanned reconnaissance technology.

SPECIFICATIONS

Wingspan, m 35.42
Length, m 13.53
Height, m 4.62
Wing area, m2 50.2
Weight, kg
empty 4177
takeoff 11622
fuel 6583
Engine type 1 turbojet engine Allison AE3007H
Thrust, kgf 1 x 3450
Maximum speed, km / h 639
Radius of action, km 4445
Flight duration, h 38
Practical ceiling, m 19800