Aerated concrete house for the winter. Laying aerated concrete blocks in winter. Getting Started

Aerated concrete blocks are considered a popular material for the construction of facilities. I don’t want to say too much, you can refer to the statistics, which say that more than twenty-five percent of structures for various purposes are being built from it. And all this with enough other types of materials. Such demand is explained by unusual physical and technical specifications block. Construction work during the season does not cause difficulties. But what if you have to lay aerated concrete in winter?

Features of masonry in winter

Laying aerated concrete blocks in winter is possible under certain conditions.

Masonry work in winter period involve cleaning the surface of the blocks from snow and ice.

The adhesive composition for winter masonry should be developed at low temperature conditions within half an hour from the moment the dry mixture is diluted with water. If the glue is prepared correctly, then its temperature should be from ten to twenty degrees Celsius.

On the block surface, the adhesive mass is applied with a trowel having the shape of a ladle.

In addition, the material must be heated. For this, a frame base is constructed near the pallet with the material, covered with polyethylene or an awning. Heating is carried out by an electric heating element or a heat gun. Note that weak heating of the blocks significantly reduces the effectiveness of the strength of the joints, which is explained by the crystallization of moisture accumulated in the block pores.

In winter, during masonry work, antifreeze components are added to the adhesive.

Permissible temperature

Antifreeze additives made by domestic and foreign manufacturers do not always meet the requirements of GOST.

At what temperature can a gas block be laid?

If the adhesive composition is of high quality, then with its help it is allowed to conduct construction works from aerated concrete material at temperature regime ten to fifteen degrees below zero.

The same indicators give the right to use mixtures for laying blocks in the construction of a low-rise facility at a negative temperature.

The use of a standard (summer) solution in winter, to which the antifreeze additive Antifrost has been added, makes it possible to guarantee construction until the air temperature drops below fifteen degrees.

The purchase of such additives does not greatly increase cash costs, since such costs are offset by seasonal price discounts for aerated concrete material.

We conclude that construction in winter from aerated concrete is possible.

Tools

What will be required to carry out the work? Given that you have to knead the glue, prepare:

electric drill with a nozzle or mixer;
mixing container.

Additionally you will need:

a brush to brush off the dust;
hacksaw (it is better to use a special one for aerated concrete);
ladle with which the adhesive composition will be poured onto the block surface;
spatulas;
hand graters;
rubber mallet for leveling blocks;
plumb and building level;
perforator.

Choice of adhesives and additives

For masonry, a thin layer of adhesive should be applied. The usual consumption data of this composition at a thickness of 2 mm is significantly reduced when compared with a solution of sand and cement, which allows achieving an optimal thermal conductivity.

High-quality adhesive composition for reference winter work has a high adhesion rate and resistance to moisture and low temperatures. These features allow it to be used for filling and leveling surfaces. The basis of the adhesive composition is a mixture of Portland cement and fine sand.

The peculiarity is made up of polymer components that increase adhesive capabilities and improve plasticity. Used when mixing glue and modifiers, with the help of which the appearance of cracks is minimized.

Experts assure that it is possible to use the fast-hardening adhesive composition until late autumn, while stable positive temperatures remain during the day. The wall installed during the day receives the specified properties before the frosts that come at night. And the weak thermal conductivity of aerated concrete will play a positive role here. It turns out that there is plenty of time for the glue to fully set.

As a second option, one can consider the use of special additives or frost-resistant adhesives. There are not very many of them, but you will be able to solve the problem of winter construction.

Block laying process

Before starting work, the blocks are heated, and this process continues during the entire construction. Block material is stored in a heated room. Glue for masonry work is diluted hot water.

You can store aerated concrete on the street, it is not necessary to arrange a canopy or store the material indoors. Factory packaging will completely protect the material from water. A couple of weeks before the start of work, it is removed, leaving only the upper part. This period will be enough for the material to be freed from excess moisture.

It is believed that at an air temperature of two degrees below zero, the blocks can be kept unpacked for no more than one day.

Starting the continuation of the masonry, you should check how firmly the wall erected the day before holds. Testing is performed with a rubber mallet, which is used to hit the top row block. If the blow did not cause separation, laying can be continued.

Many are interested in whether it is possible to leave a house made of aerated concrete without a roof for the winter? Experienced specialists assure that the construction process should not be stopped if the first floor does not have an overlap.

In addition, the ideal option would be to create protection for external walls. finishing material before the onset of cold weather.

Preservation of an unfinished aerated concrete house for the winter is in progress. Perfect solution- organize heating at least in the minimum mode, so that aerated concrete walls didn't freeze.

When asked whether it is possible to build a house of aerated concrete in winter, experts give an affirmative answer. They assure that it becomes possible to save on the main material and improve the quality of the masonry, since construction team will not work at the pace that it is able to demonstrate in the summer. The laying of a gas block in frost will move more slowly also because adhesive composition take more time to set.

Is it possible to leave aerated concrete walls for the winter without a roof? Masters do not recommend doing this. But if the circumstances turned out to be higher, then during conservation it will be necessary to tightly cover the walls plastic wrap, strengthening it from below. To isolate the floor, its surface should be covered with straw mats, window and door openings are boarded up with roofing material or plywood sheets.

Is it possible to lay aerated concrete in winter if there is no way to warm it up? Everyone knows that the blocks perfectly absorb moisture, in frosty weather they become very fragile, form small cracks.

It is better not to use the material without preliminary drying. Otherwise, when the air temperature drops below five degrees below zero, masonry should be stopped.

Advantages and disadvantages of winter construction

You will definitely save money on the purchase of materials in the winter. Prices will vary within fifteen percent, as the demand for blocks at this time is reduced. Even craftsmen can be found at reasonable prices, since in winter many are left without work.

TO construction site cars with loads will drive up easily, because the road will be covered with snow and freeze, the equipment will not leave large potholes and pits.

But there are certain disadvantages associated with the storage of material, preparing it for work and the speed of masonry.

Conclusion

Winter construction is notable for certain difficulties. But if you follow all the technological requirements and rules, then in the spring season you can completely go to finishing work to move to in the summer new house. Just don't rely too much on your own strength. If there is no proper experience in construction, workers should be hired to carry out masonry in winter. Only they will be able to take into account all the vagaries of nature and perform the work with high quality.

A foam block is made from cement, sand and water with the addition of a special foaming agent. At the same time, the material has excellent heat and sound insulation properties, is fireproof and frost-resistant, and also practically does not absorb moisture and does not shrink. The laying of foam blocks should be carried out at an air temperature of +5 to +25 ° C. If the temperature is higher than the recommended one, the material must be constantly watered with water to moisten it, but in winter, when the temperature is below zero, it is necessary to use glue during masonry, which includes a special antifreeze additive. It allows you to lay the foam block at an air temperature of up to -10 ° C.

When laying foam blocks directly on the foundation, it is necessary to additionally form waterproofing. This will protect the material from excessive moisture. As waterproofing materials roofing material, polymer-cement solution and others can be used.

Preparatory work

To begin with, the surface on which the foam block will be laid is qualitatively leveled. This can be done with a cement-sand mortar. Particular attention must be paid to the laying of the first row of material, because the laying out of all subsequent rows will depend on this. The smoother the first row of the foam block is laid out, the easier it will be to lay out the next ones. Laying material in winter sub-zero temperature recommended by adding an antifreeze additive to the solution.

Irregularities when laying out the first row of the foam block can be removed with your own hands using a planer. In this case, do not forget to clean dust and fragments from the surface. The laying of foam blocks begins with the installation of lighthouse foam blocks, which are installed in the future corners of the building. Next, a special cord is pulled between them, with the help of which it will be much easier and smoother to lay out the rows.

Laying out foam blocks

It is necessary to knead the mixture for laying the foam block in winter at sub-zero temperatures in small portions, constantly stirring. Water must be taken room temperature. The second and subsequent rows of foam blocks are laid out on a solution evenly applied using a special trowel. Particular attention must be paid to butt joints.

When laying the foam block, it is necessary to carefully press it, and make butt joints no more than 5 millimeters thick. Upon completion of laying out each row of material with your own hands, the resulting surface must be cleaned with a planer.

Foam block walls, if they are too long, must be additionally reinforced at sub-zero temperatures. Also, reinforcement needs surfaces on which heavy loads will be carried out, and walls, with window and doorways. For this, reinforcement with a diameter of about 8 millimeters is used, which fits into grooves specially cut in the material. To fix the reinforcement in winter at sub-zero temperatures, it is necessary to add an antifreeze additive to the adhesive, as well as to the laying mortar. If any foam block was not installed quite correctly and evenly, it can be corrected either with a planer if it protrudes a little, or with a mortar if there is not enough height.

How to build a house from aerated concrete blocks? Which masonry mortar better to use? Is it necessary? How is aerated concrete laid in winter? Let's try to answer these questions.

Prices

Let's start with overview prices for work with aerated concrete blocks. It is needed so that the reader once again evaluates his strength and thinks whether it is worth trying to do this work with his own hands or is it better to trust professionals.

To clarify: the current prices for the Leningrad region at the time of writing are given. In different regions of the country, they can be much higher or lower.

Getting Started

Tool

What tool is needed for laying aerated concrete?

Mixer or drill with a nozzle of similar functionality. We have to mix the glue.
The container in which we will dilute the glue.
Brush for sweeping dust and debris.
Hacksaw. It is better to take a special tool for aerated concrete, but a garden tool is also suitable.
Bucket, which we have to pour glue on the blocks.
Notched and regular spatulas.
Hand grater with sanding mesh.
Rubber mallet.
Level and plumb.
Shtroborez or perforator.

masonry

How is aerated concrete masonry performed?

The foundation is waterproofed. The walls will be porous; we need to prevent capillary suction of water. Waterproofing material - several layers bituminous mastic or a couple of layers of roofing material.
Then the first row is laid out strictly according to the level. The laying of the first row is carried out on a pillow of cement-sand mortar (1: 3) with a thickness of at least 2 cm; it compensates for the unevenness of the base.

Vertical seams are coated only and exclusively with special glue; the following rows are placed on it. The instruction is related to the fact that the glue allows you to provide minimum thickness seam, which makes the masonry more even and reduces heat loss.

With dressing of vertical seams relative to the first row, corner blocks are laid. Then a mooring is stretched between them - a cord along which the row will be aligned.

The rest is quite common - row after row, with the obligatory dressing of the seams by at least 8 cm and careful adjustment of the blocks with a mallet. The solution is poured onto the surface of the block with a ladle and distributed notched trowel. The maximum thickness of the seam is 3 mm.

Above the window and door openings, special elongated U-shaped blocks are laid - lintels.

Partition tie-in

Internal bearing walls and partitions are erected with a tie-in into the outer ones. For this purpose, the blocks of the outer main wall are selected from the inside for the thickness of the partition; the first blocks in each row enter the recess and sit on the glue.

Reinforcement

How to reinforce aerated concrete masonry? Where exactly should the reinforcement be present?

Please note: in all cases, the strobe or the cavity with the laid reinforcement is filled with a cement-sand mortar.

Internal partitions are tied to the walls in the simplest way - driven into pre- drilled holes pieces of reinforcement that are connected with the longitudinal reinforcement of the partition.

Features of winter masonry

Construction work in frost is hampered by the rapid freezing of mortar and glue. Is it possible to build aerated concrete walls in winter?

What is the difference between winter laying?

Blocks are preheated. For this purpose, a frame is constructed around the pallet, covered with plastic wrap or tarpaulin; the air in it is heated by heating elements, a heat gun or a conventional fan heater.
Only frost-resistant glue is used. Appropriate solutions are available in the range of all major manufacturers; their price is higher than that of conventional solutions by 10-15 percent. Most winter adhesives allow you to work at temperatures down to -15 degrees.

For glue, a container with a tight-fitting lid is used.. When mixed, it is diluted with hot water.
For the preparation of a cement-sand mortar (for laying out the first row and filling the strobe with reinforcement), antifreeze additives are used.

Construction work at temperatures below the operating temperature of the adhesive is not recommended. Even if the adhesive sets, the final strength of the joints will suffer due to the crystallization of unbound water in the pores.

Treatment

How to cut technological holes in the masonry for laying communications or openings?

Aerated concrete can be drilled with any Pobedite drills and core bits without using impact mode. Perfect option- use of diamond tools. Diamond drilling of holes in concrete leaves the edges of the hole perfectly even; in addition, drilling with a diamond crown (as, by the way, cutting reinforced concrete with diamond wheels) allows you to pass reinforcement without changing tools.

Conclusion

It is possible that, having found out how much aerated concrete masonry costs, the reader will prefer to use the services of professionals. If he takes up the work on his own, we hope that our recommendations will be useful.

As usual, the video in this article contains additional thematic information. Good luck!

CONSTRUCTION FROM AERATED CONCRETE IN WINTER To the question "Is it possible to build from aerated concrete in winter" the manufacturers of this universal building material unanimously give an affirmative answer. Laying blocks in the autumn-winter period is allowed, while low temperature does not affect the quality of the masonry. In order to start building, despite the vicissitudes of the weather, you will need a special adhesive designed for use at temperatures between +5 and -15 °C. If you decide to build a house of aerated concrete in the winter, then in no case use standard glue. There are other types of glue, thanks to which a house or some other building can be built even at temperatures down to -20 ° C. Aerated concrete construction in winter has a number of features and rules - follow them, and the quality of the masonry will not suffer. But winter construction still has disadvantages - this is a higher cost compared to summer work and more long term stacking blocks. From the point of view of economy, laying aerated concrete in winter is not the most profitable solution. Laying aerated concrete in the cold period Have you decided to build a house of aerated concrete in winter? Then you should familiarize yourself with the technology of laying blocks in the cold season. Is it possible to lay aerated concrete in winter without knowing specific features? In no case, otherwise the house will not last long. Before laying aerated concrete at a temperature below zero, it is necessary to warm up the blocks - this must be done directly during construction. The blocks need to be watered with hot water, the temperature of which is about 40 ° C. The glue that connects the blocks must also be diluted with hot water, otherwise it will quickly harden. Dilute the glue in a plastic container and be sure to cover it with a lid to slow down the cooling. Before laying aerated concrete in winter time, be sure to warm up the blocks. Blocks must be covered with a banner made of dense material. The blocks can be heated using a heating element or similar equipment, while the banner must be pressed in such a way that hot air does not escape. It is unlikely that the internal space will be completely "sealed", but heat loss should be minimized. Only after warming up can winter construction begin. aerated concrete house! Warming up takes about an hour. A house made of aerated concrete blocks is built much longer in winter than in summer - this is a fact. How to store aerated concrete blocks in winter Do you want your aerated concrete laying in winter to be of the same quality as in summer? Then you should take care of creating the storage conditions that are necessary to preserve technological characteristics. In the case of long-term conservation, for example, for a period of more than 3 weeks, it makes sense to store the blocks in their original packaging; it is not necessary to fully or partially open the aerated concrete. Storage of aerated concrete in winter is possible right on the street, it is not necessary to remove the blocks indoors or under a canopy. The upper part of the factory packaging completely protects the blocks from moisture. 2 weeks before the day on which the laying of aerated concrete is planned, the packaging must be removed, leaving the upper part. This time is enough for the accumulated moisture to come out of the blocks. If the winter laying of aerated concrete begins in the near future, and long-term conservation of the blocks is not planned, in this case, you can immediately remove the side of the package so that the blocks dry out. Leave only the upper part that protects the blocks from precipitation. Storage of aerated concrete in winter is possible with full preservation of the technological properties of the material. So, you can build an aerated concrete house in winter if you can't wait for the construction season - it will just be a little slower and more expensive.