Who is Sergius Radonezh for children. Task on literary reading (grade 4): Report about Sergius of Radonezh

Sergius Radonezh (Radonezh Bartholomew Kirillovich)

Biography Sergius Radonezhsky

Sergius Radonezh (in the world of Bartholomew; Radonezhsky - toponymic nickname; May 3, 1314 - September 25, 1392) - Monk of the Russian Church, founder of the Trinity Monastery near Moscow (now Troice-Sergiyev Lava), converter of monasticism in Northern Russia.

Sergius Radonezh is revered by the Russian Orthodox Church in the face of Saints as the Rev. and is considered to be the greatest devotee of the land of Russian.

Days of memory for the Julian calendar:
July 5 (gaining relics)
September 25 (Pressing).

Birth and childhood

In his story, the first biographer Sergius Radonezh Epiphany Promotud reports that the future of the Saint, who received the name of the Bartholomew, was born in the village of Varnanti (near Rostov) in the Family of the boyar Kirill, the servant of the Rostov specific princes, and his wife Mary.

In the literature there are several different dates for its appearance. The opinion was expressed that Sergius was born or in 1315, or in 1318. The birthday of Sergius was also called or May 9, or on August 25, 1322. In the compositions of the XIX century appeared on May 3, 1319. This dispersion of the opinions gave the basis of the well-known writer Valentina Rasputin with bitterness to argue that "the year of birth of the Bartholomew is lost." The Russian church traditionally considers his birthday on May 3, 1314.

At the age of 10, young warfolomery was given to led by a diploma to a church school along with the brothers: senior Stefan and younger Peter. Unlike its successful brothers, the Bartholomew brothers significantly lagged in training. The teacher scolded him, his parents were upset and drew, he himself prayed with tears, but the studies did not move forward. And then the event was happening, which is reported to all the life methods of Sergius.

On the instructions of the father of Bartholomew went to the field to look for horses. During the search, he went out to the Polyana and saw under the oak of the elder-spike, "Saint and Wonderful, Sanzan of the Presbyter, a fraudulent and similar angel, who stood on the field under the oak and diligently, with tears, prayed." Seeing him, Bartholomew first wondered, then came up and got close to, waiting for the prayer. The elder, seeing the boy, turned to him: "What are you looking for and what do you want, Choo?". He alright, with deep spiritual excitement, told him his grief and asked the elder to pray that God would help him defeat diploma. Praying, the elder took out from the sinus of the cozer and took a particle of prosphora, blessed and ordered to eat, saying: "You are given to the sign of the grace of God and understanding Scripture <…> About the diploma, child, not grief: know that from now on the Lord gives you a good knowledge of the diplomas, more than your brothers and peers. " After that, the old man wanted to leave, but Bartholomew prayed him to visit his parents. For the meal, the parents of Bartholomew told the elder. Many signs that accompanied the birth of their son, and he said: "The sign of the truth of my words will be for you that after my departure, the matters will be well aware of the diploma and understand the sacred books. And here is the second sign to you and prediction - the tags will be great before God and people for your virtuous life. " Having said this, the elder gathered to leave and finally said: your son will be the abode of the Holy Trinity and many will lead to the understanding of the Divine Commandments.

Around 1328, the Bartholomey's strongly impoverished family was forced to move to the city of Radonezh. After the marriage of the eldest son Stefan, the aged parents took Schima to the Khotkovo-Pokrovsky monastery.

The beginning of the monastic life

After the death of the parents of Bartholomew, he himself went to the Khotnkovo-Pokrovsky monastery, where His widowed Brother Stefan was already inocated. In an effort to "strictest monogram", to deserted, he stayed here for a short time and convincing Stephen, together with him founded the deserts on the banks of the Konchura River, on the Macoves Hill in the midst of the deaf Radonezh Bohr, where he built (about 1335) a small wooden church in the name The Holy Trinity, in the place of which is now the Cathedral Temple also in the name of the Holy Trinity.

Without withstanding too severe and ascetic lifestyle, Stephen soon left the Moscow Epiphany Monastery, where he later became igumen. Bartholomew, remaining in complete loneliness, called on a certain Ighumen Mitrofan and took the victim from him under the name of Sergius, since the memory of martyrs was celebrated on that day: Sergius and Vakha.

Education of the Trinity-Sergiev Monastery

In two or three years to it began to fluff The monastery was formed, which in 1345 was formed as the Trinity-Sergiev Monastery (later the Trinity-Sergiyev Lava) and Sergius was her second igumen (the first - Mitrofan) and the presbyter (from 1354), who submitted to all the example with his humility and hardworking. I forbid to take challenge, Sergius put the rule so that all the buildings live from their work, applying to them as an example. Gradually glory grew; In the abode began to turn everything from the peasants and ending with princes; Many settled next to her, sacrificed her property. First, in all the necessary extreme need, the desert appealed to a rich monastery. Slava Sergius even reached Tsargrad: The Universal Patriarch Filofee sent him with a special embassy, \u200b\u200bParaman, Schima and a diploma, in which he praised him for virtuous lives and gave advice to introduce a film in the monastery (strict community). Under this advice, and with the blessing of Metropolitan Alexei Sergius, he introduced the community-based charter in the monastery, taken later in many Russian monasteries. High respected by Radonezh Iguman Metropolitan Alexey before his death persuaded him to be a successor to him, but Sergius decisively refused.

Public ministry Sergius Radonezh

According to one contemporary, Sergius "quiet and krobroy words" could act on the cooler and fierce hearts; Very often reconciled the princes warring them, persuading them to obey the Grand Duke of Moscow (for example, Rostov Prince - in 1356, Nizhny Novgorod - in 1365, Ryazan Oleg, etc.), so that by the time of the Kulikovsky battle, almost all Russian princes recognized Dmitry Johnovich's primacy. According to life, going on this battle, the last, accompanied by princes, boyars and the governor went to Sergia to pray with him and receive a blessing from him. Blessing him, Sergius predest to him to victory and salvation from death and let go to the campaign of his two sokov, reboot and dock.

There is also a version (V. A. Kuchkin), according to which the story of Life in Sergius Radonezh about the blessing of Sergius Radonezh Dmitry Donskoy on the fight against Mama does not apply not to the Kulikov battle, but to the battle on the river, (1378) and is associated in later texts ("The Tale of Mamaev Boy") with a Kulikovsky battle afterwards, as with a more large-scale event.

Approaching Don, Dimitri Ioannovich hesitated, whether to cross the river or not, and only upon receipt from Sergius an encouraging letter, who extinguished him as soon as possible to attack the Tatars, began decisive actions.

In 1382, when the Tokhtamysh army approached Moscow, Sergius threw his monastery "and from Takhtamyshova to find in the tfer" under the defense of Prince Mikhail Alexandrovich Tverskogo.

After the Kulikov battle, the Grand Duke began to relate yet with a great reverence of Radonezh Igumen and invited him in 1389 to bore a spiritual testament, legalizing new order The throne against the father to the eldest son.

In addition to the Trinity Sergius of the Monastery, Sergius founded a few more monasteries (Blagoveshchenskaya in Kirzchich, Old-Golutvin near Kolomna, Vysotsky Monastery, Georgievsky on Klyazma), in all these monastery he put the rebels of his students. More than 40 abode was founded by his students: Sawva (Savvo-Storozhevsky near Zvenigorod), Ferapont (Ferapontov), \u200b\u200bKirill (Kirillo-Belozersky), Sylvester (Resurrection Obnodsky), etc., as well as his spiritual interlocutors, such as Stephen Perm.

According to life, Sergius Radonezh committed many miracles. People came to him from different cities For healing, and sometimes even in order to just see it. According to life, one day he resurrected a boy who died on his father's hands, when he was a child of a child to his saint to heal

Old age and cum rev. Sergius

Having achieved deep old age, Sergius, for half a year, Nick's death, urged his brotherhood and blessed on the need of an experienced in spiritual life and obedience to the student, Rev. Nikon. On the eve of the death of the Rev. Sergius, the last time urged his brotherhood and turned with the words of the testament: to look at myself, my brotherhood. Before have fear of God, the purity of spiritual and love is non-estate ...

September 25, 1392 Sergiy died, and in 30 years, July 18, 1422 were gained by his relics, which indicated the plowing logo; Day July 18 is one of the days of the saint's memory. At the same time, in the language of the ancient church literature, non-relics are not nonsense, but preserved and unfulfilled bones. In 1919, during the campaign to open the relics, the power of Sergius of Radonezh was opened in the presence of a special commission with the participation of representatives of the Church. The remains of Sergius were found in the form of bones, hair and fragments of gross monastic robe, in which he was buried. In 1920-1946 The relics were in the museum, placed in the Lavra building. On April 20, 1946, Sergius was returned to the church.

The most famous source of information about him, as well as the wonderful monument of the ancient Russian literature, is the legendary lives of Sergius, written in 1417-1418 by his student to the epiphany to wisdom, and in the middle of the XV century, a significantly revised and supplemented with a fraud

Canonization

Removing Sergius Radonezh emerged earlier than the formal rules for the canonization of saints appeared (the Russian Church did not know the mandatory cathedral canonization to the Makarev Cathedrals). Therefore, there are no documentary news about when and how it began to read as the Orthodox Saint and who it was established. It is possible that Sergius "became a communal saint himself, because of his great glory."

Maxim Greek discovered direct doubts in Holiness Sergius. The reason for doubt was that Sergius, like the Moscow saint "held the cities, parish, villages, gathered duties and regulations, had riches." (Here Maxim Greek is adjacent to incubuses.)

Church historian E. E. Golubinsky does not give unequivocal messages about the start of his worship. He mentions two princely diplomas written before 1448, in which Sergius is called the St. Starter, but it believes that it is indicated in them yet as a local saint. In his opinion, the fact of the correspondence of Sergius to the Face of Saints for general workers, the Metropolitan of ions is served by Dmitry Shemyak, dating from 1449 or 1450 (the uncertainty of the year is caused by the fact that it is unknown, when it was the old March chronology that was replaced by September). In it, Sergius is named by the Russian Church in it and puts it next to other wonderful artists and saint, threatening to deprive the shemyak of the "mercy" of the Moscow Saints. Golubinsky believes that the general terrorism glorification of Sergius Radonezh, together with Rev. Kirill Belozersky and St. Alexy, was one of the first acts of Metropolitan Jona after leaving him at the Department.

In a number of secular encyclopedia, it is indicated that Sergius is ranked sainted in 1452.

With the approval of the Pope Sergius, Radonezh is worshiped only by Eastern Catholic churches.

Pivot historians note that Sergius is ranked sainted for the political reasons for the will of the Grand Duke Vasily Dark. The Grand Duke included Sergius in the number of Moscow saints not a special act, but on a private occasion, in the negotiability of 1448 with Prince Ivan Mozhaysky.

Tradition of Florensky family on preserving the head of St. Sergius

In the journal "Science and Religion" (№ 6, June 1998), O. Gazizova published an interview with Pavel Vasilyevich Florensky, famous scientists and grandson of Father Paul Florensky. P. V. Florensky told the family legend about how in Lazarev Saturday of 1919, Father Pavel Florensky became aware of the preparing authorities of the opening of the relics of Rev. Sergius, which was to take place before Easter. The further preservation of the relics was under great threat.

According to P. V. Florensky, a secret meeting was held soon in the Trinity-Sergiye Lavra, in which Pavel Florensky's father was attended, Lavra Father Kronid, Yu. A. Olsufyev, a member of the Commission for the Protection of History and Starns of the Trinity-Sergiye Lavra; And, probably, members of the Commission Count V. A. Komarovsky, as well as S. P. Mansurov and M. V. Shik, who later became priests.

The meeting of the meeting was secretly penetrated into the Trinity Cathedral, where, after reading the prayer in cancer with the relics of St., separated by a copy of the chapter of the saint, which was replaced by the head of the prince Trubetskoy. The chapter of the presented Sergius of Radonezh temporarily placed in the sacristy. Soon the Count Olsufyev moved the chapter to the oak ark and moved to his home (Sergiev Posad, Gross Street). In 1928, Olsufyev, fearing arrest, buried the ark in his garden.

In 1933, after the arrest of Father Paul Florensky Count Yu. A. Olsufyev fled to Nizhny Novgorod, where he dedicated to this story Paul Alexandrovich Golubsyova (the future of Vladyka Sergius - Bishop of Novgorod and Old Russian). P. A. Glubtsov managed to move the ark with the head of St. Sergius from the garden of Count Olsufyev in the surroundings of the Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery near Moscow, where the Ark was before the end of the Great Patriotic War. Returning from the front, P. A. Golublov handed over the ark Ekaterina Pavlovna Vasilchikova (adoptive daughter of the Count Olesufyev), which became the last keeper of the shrine.

In 1946, when the Trinity-Sergiyev Laureau was re-opened, and the relics of St. Sergius were returned to the monastery, E. P. Vasilchikova secretly returned Chapter Sergius Patriarch Alexy I, who blessed to return it to the place, in cancer.

According to the family legend of the Floren Father, Paul made records in Greek about his participation in all this story. However, no written evidence was found in his archives.

Rev. Sergius Radonezh (in the world - Bartholomew Kirillovich) - the great spiritual and politician of Russia, whose works Orthodox Church He managed to get exclusive trust and recognition of parishioners.

Being the son of Rostov Boyarin, Sergius Radonezh since childhood herself for loneliness and solitude. It was harmoniously combined with such features as hard work, lack of thrust for profit and exceptional religiosity. Held Saint Sergius Radonezh begins after a 20-year-old line. It for a long time Lives alone in the forest, in his own hands the cell. Humidity of a lonely monk is spread over the Radonezh district and the same connoisseurs of loneliness are settled near the Celi. In 1335, a wooden temple was built with a hangover, which is consecrated by Metropolitan Feoganosest in honor of the Holy Trinity. Over time, the village of Radonezh, where everyone lived separately was formed around the Celi of the Young Holder of Rev. Sergius. The community was collected together only for worship. Thanks to the spiritual experiments of the settlers, this place became widely known. At 23, at the insistence of Mitrofan's insistence, Rev. Sergius Radonezh takes Holder and the nightly rank with a change in the name of the Bartholomew, and the settlement acquires the status of a hostage monastery. Today he is known as the Trinity-Sergiev Monastery. The novices living here were distinguished by the purity of thoughts, love for the whole created by the Creator, and did not exclude physical work from their daily life. The latter feature gave rise to a new way for monasteries throughout Russia - from now on, the establishments of this type lived not at the expense of allegations, but at the expense of their own works on the economic field. Reverend Sergius Radonezh himself, not twelving the hands, worked on the landscaping of the monastery: Challenged the firewood, sewed clothes and shoes, catches the candle for the temple.
With its quiet intelligible speeches, Radonezh has repeatedly saved Russia from civil wars. It was his arguments that the world was introduced into relations between princes. Recognizing Dmitry Don Chief of Troops, Russian princes won in the Kulikov Battle of 1380 over Mongol-Tatars. Without the approval and councils of the righteous, Sergius of Radonezh Dmitry Donskoy did not make a single military campaign. At his request, Holy Sergius Radonezh became great father Children of the Moscow Prince. Thanks to the Diplomatic Visit of the monk to Ryazan, the conflict between Novgorod and Moscow in 1385 was settled.
In 1389, the Great Righteous was invited by Dmitry Donskoy to curve a document, which proclaimed the new order of the Preconsession: from the Father to the Son.
So the righteous life of Rev. Sergius Radonezh served to the welfare and unification of the entire Russian state.

N.K. Roerich. Saint Sergius Radonezhsky

It was a long time ago, in the XIV century. It was not yet in the world, nor your parents, nor their parents, nor even their grandparents - they were all born later, much later. And in those long-standing times in one village, not far from the city of Rostov Great, in the beautiful May day, the boy of Bartholomew was born outside the window. He had two brothers - Stepan and Peter. All three were good and obedient sons of Boyhari Kirill and his wife Mary. And Bartholomew was best all: modest, quiet and helpful, tried to help everyone in anything.

Yes, the trouble: Not given a boy studying in school. The memory is good, but can not remember the letters. The teacher punished him, the guys laughed at him, and our Bartholomatic
Zoreval and bitterly cried.

Mother, aunty, "he said," take me from school. Better I will work around the house. Anyway, I do not work!

But the parents though sorough the Son, but did not take from school. What was done? One thing remained: to pray, ask God for help.

M. Nesterov. Vision of the Pattern of Bartholomew

And once in the summer, when Bartholoma Riding Horses in the Forest, he suddenly saw an old monk on the clearing of an old white beard. He suddenly called the boy,
And Bartholomew, without knowing why, told the old man about his trouble. And then called:

Let's go to us, grandfather, rest and bunch, tatting the mother will be glad.

After dinner, the elder ordered the Bartholomew to take a book and read.

Now you know how. Read!

Bartholomew did not understand how it comes out, but he read! And soon became the best student at school.



Mikhail Nesterov. Christ, blessing excuses Bartholomew

Years passed. The family moved closer to Moscow, Radonezh in the village. When parents died, warfolomes, together with the elder brother Stepan, retired in the forest to live there with secluded, monastic. They found among the forests of a big, crumpled Makovets hill with thick forest, slaughtered his hut and next to a small church. Troitsky's church called - in honor of the Trinity, that is, our God, Christian. From this little wooden church and will grow up with the time the famous monastery - Trinity-Sergiyev Lavra.



Mikhail Nesterov. Patterns of warfolomes. 1889

It was difficult for brothers to live in a dense forest - scary and hungry. Wild animals are growling around, wolves are treated, winter snow to the roof is noticed. Brother Stepan did not endured a difficult hungry life in the forest. He said goodbye to Bartholomeum and went to Moscow, to a large warm monastery. Bartholomew stayed one-odinee. Only occasionally in the summer (in winter, it is not necessary!) Brother Peter made his way to him through the forest crates with big cotton breads. Bartholomew dried this bread, and then the whole winter was touched by twisted breadcrumbs.


Nesterov Mikhail - Youth of St. Sergius of Radonezh. 1892-1897.

How long, briefly, appeared from our hermit comrade. Once he came out of the hut and sees: he goes around her big bear. A kindness of Bartholomew was stronger than fear. I carried bread from the hut and put on the pennies. Bear ate bread and left. But since then I have fallen to come for a treat. And Bartholomew has always been frantically shared with his closure friend. Sometimes, however, there were no superstars, and then both friends remained hungry. The beast sighed heavily, but was not offended. He understood everything. After all, when the bread remained so little that there is nothing to divide, then the last piece walked Mishke. The monk may suffer, and Misha was not a monk.


Rev. Sergiy Radonezh. Phenomenon of the Blessed Virgin

Time passed. Bartholomew has passed 23 years. He endured all the difficulties and now knew exactly that he could be a monk. He asked his acquaintance Iguman, that is, the head of the neighboring monastery, to take him into monks. This means - to devote your life to God, pray for Russia-Mother and for all Russian people.

Beginning new lifenot like the lives of the rest of the people, the bend the same, and the name gets new. So Bartholomew was Sergius. With this name, he then entered the story as the Great Russian Saint - Sergius from Radonja. Sergia Radonezhsky.

Gradually, the monk Sergius was so accustomed and loved his lonely live in the forest, that when they stretched to him, who confuses him, it was even upset of him.



Nikolai Roerich. Sergius - builder. 1925.

Twelve people gathered. And they began to live in fraternal. Brothers built twelve such the same? Like Sergius, Clay houses, put a large fence around to protect against animals - that was the monastery. And what is the monastery without Ihuman? Became Brothers Sergius ask to become their igumen. I did not want Sergius to become the head of the monastery, it did not go to the wilderness, but what to do? Agreed. The monk is not supposed to be stubborn.

I came somehow in the monastery one mantomy peasant to look at the famous Sergius, the monastery of the monastery. He goes around the monastery, ISUEMA and sees: in the garden some poorly dressed nuns working hard - digs of the garden.


M. Nesterov. Proceedings of Rev. Sergius
big size

- Tell me, father, where can I find the head of the monastery of Sergius?

The nuns answered nothing, went to the guest, bowed and says:

You, good person, tea, tired of the road and hungry. Let's go, I will feed you.

He went behind the monk, but he looked out on his dear, whether the Igumen Sergian himself would not appear from. Here he was heard the horse hopot. This prince with boyars complained to the monastery, as he often did it. Jumping the prince from the horse and bent before Sergius. Here is the peasant and guessed that this poor, humble monk and there is Sergiy himself. He rushed to his legs:

Blame, father, did not admit!

Sergius gently raised him, hugged and reassured.

This was SERGY: Becoming Iguumen, remained quiet, meek, workers. And the clothes on it was the former: old, all in the payments. He did not allocate himself and did not make a difference between people. And a simple peasant, and noble prince brought and loved equally. And for it and everyone loved him and worshiped.


Rev. Sergius Radonezh

For many years, Rus lived under the oppression of Mongol-Tatars. They burned cities and villages, robbed and killed people. Russian principalities were obliged to pay Tatar Khanam Dan - give them gold, fur and other wealth.

Remember the Bass Krylov about Swan, Cancer and Pike: When there is no agreement in comrades, there will be no matter on the way? So in the princes of the Russians there was no consent then. They often fought with each other! Therefore, everyone was becoming easy prey for conquerors.


S. Chikunchikov. Resurrection of the hotel Sergey Radonezh

At this difficult time, Sergius helped the princes to make each other and, recognizing the power of the Moscow Prince, unite around the Moscow Earth. And when I could not help with the crowns of persuasion, he could also show hardness. I ordered, for example, in Nizhny Novgorod, close all the temples for non-face. What was to do the Nizhny Novgorod prince Boris? How to live without worship? We had to conquer the will of the Holy - to the worst benefit for Russia-Mother.

Moscow Prince Dimitri decided to free Rus from tatar Iga - Give a decisive battle to the enemy on the field of Kulikov. He came to Sergia to ask his blessings to fight with Tatars. After all, the battle was the terrible - Tatar leader Mamay gathered a huge army and boasted:

I will ruin the land of Russian, destroy all the Russian princes, and will not be Russia. All will speak here in Tatar!


S. Efoshkin. Rev. Sergius. In Russia

Prince Dimitri Sergia said with tears:

Older God, Silen Mamay, and we have few troops. What to do?

Sergius served in the church a large service, sprinkled with holy water of the prince and his squad, and then said:

Go, Mr., on the enemies of fading with God, and the Lord will help you.

Alexey Kivchenko. Rev. Sergius blesses Dmitry Donskoy

And Sergius gave the prince of the two of his monks-strong, former warriors - reboot and dock.

Dimitri met with Mama's army on the bank of Don. (For this victorious battle, Don He will be nicknamed by the eternal Dimitri Donskoy). When he saw a prince, what a huge army at the Tatar, he first, honestly, was confused. But the muggy from Sergius arrived at him. He reinforced his spirit with the words that the messenger brought:

Go boldly, prince, God will help you!

Then the great prince of Dimitri gave the cry at all Russian principalities. Holy Rus, and men, and young men went to Palais Kulikovo.

And then ordered Dimitri for his own army to cross the right bank of Don, and the bridges to destroy so that there were no ways to retreat. Or die, or win!



Sergey Efoshkin. Before the battle. Alexander Peresovon's warrior

Here the Tatar army approached, and it was four times more Russian. The Tatar Bogatyr Leecky came forward. He was so great in the growth that if he was lowered
Legs with your horse, then the horse would slip away from his feet.

Tatars and say:

Who wants to fight with our giant?

Everyone is silent: scary! And then the Bogatyr Monk Peresvet, sent by Sergius. He was in monastic clothes, and he held a heavy spear in his hands. And rushed to the enemy. The blow was terrible, and both heroes fell dead.

And the terrible, brutal battle began. Great many warriors died. And even the horse under the prince Dimitri fell in battle. But Rus defeated the enemy.


M. Avilov. Duel on the casing field
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Glory about Sergia Radonezh spread throughout Russia. On the hill Macoves, the Troitsky monastery created by Sergius was growing and good. He began to call him Trinity-Sergiev, and then more Lavra, that is, a very large and important monastery.


N. Puchkov. Holy Trinity-Sergiyev Lavra

In the monastery there was a monk-icon painter Andrei Rublev. Holy Sergius brought up, he became the best and most famous artist writing icons. He wrote
The famous Icon "Trinity", which is devoted to the monastery. Andrei himself said that he wrote his icon so that people looking at the unity of the Holy Trinity, won the malice and hatred, separating people. And, right when you look at The icon, silence and the world enter the soul.



A. Rublev. Trinity

Look: three angels bowed to each other. On the icon - the dream of people about the serene agreement, about the friendly understanding, about unity. In front of the angels - the table, on the table - the bowl with the victim. The central angel blesses the bowl.

How can I portray God yourself? And even to show that it is one in three faces, inseparable, how are the inseparable colors of the rainbow? So it turns out that God can only be shown in the image of these three angels, which are equal among themselves and are one, as equal to each other, the son and the Holy Spirit are three faces of the God of God.

Well, since Andrei Rublev was also a very good monk, he led the holy life, then all the icons had miraculous icons. It means praying before this icon, you can score a miracle from God. Just ask you need something good, good.



I. Glazunov. Sergius Radonezh and Andrei Rublev

That ended our story about the Great Russian Saint - Rev. Sergia Radonezh. Growing - you learn a lot of other, important and interesting things about him. In the meantime, open you a secret: Saint Sergius is a patron of schoolchildren. He is praying for success in studies, and he helps. Guess why?

The lesson is dedicated to the book of Natalia Vladimirovna Skorobogatko from a series of stories on the history of "History about the Great Holy. Sergius of Radonezh".



Icon "Rev. Sergius Radonezh"

All in the world have a heart. Even with Koshiya. Although it lay somewhere in a chest under the castle for the thirty lands in the chest. If the heart is not, then so about the person they say - heartless. It is almost like dead, only worse. The dead lie and do not make any particular harm. And the heartless walks on the ground and offend others, it is worried and blurred. And at the same time also justify yourself: there are no hearts, how do they know what they do other?

Heart is not only in humans. Health has both cities and peoples, and even in whole states. The heart of the city is his temple. Wherever the city appeared, the temple was made in it. And for all holidays, people went there. And all the most important events: both the birth of a child, and the creation of a family, and victory, and the harvest was celebrated in the temple. Yes, do not know how to rejoice with the heart?

The heart of our country is the Trinity-Sergiyev Lava. From here, the Great Orthodox Country of Russia came out of Radonezh Forests. Moscow is a head. There is our president and our government. They are sitting for all day and think how to live better. Miscellaneous thoughts come to mind - and bad, and kind. And only the heart can recognize what to listen, and which are not. And then sometimes it will be thought of something good, but in fact it turns out - complete nonsense.

For example, a thought took mind instead of three kilograms of potatoes to buy three kilograms of candies and treat all friends in the yard. It seems good idea. And friends will definitely like it. But the heart says to you: no, brother, candy for friends - this is, of course, good, but the potato dad on dinner is still better.

Russia's heart where Rev. Sergius Radonezhsky. If it were not for him, no Russia would never have happened. And there would be many small weak principalities with which no one is ever considered. And who wants to reckon with weaklings, who cannot really stand up for themselves? With them you want, do - you want, take a bike, and you want the ball.

In those ancient troubled times, the weak principles immediately captured the enemies and installed their orders there. Forced local residents to work on themselves and they were all selected. And they themselves lived in selected houses, and only on the floor they flew. What about this? It's still not to clean.

So with Russia, the enemies wanted to do - the Russian princes lived every itself, and they were easy to capture. But there was one prince of Moscow Dimitri among them, who did not want Russia to capture. On the contrary, he wanted everyone in our side to live free. But the neighboring princes did not listen to him, but only they swore and argued. And there was no one who could enjoy them. They are princes.

By this, the Mongols took advantage and captured the Russian principalities. Unlike Russians, they lived together and if that, immediately united. And when they were going together, they were not against them that the principality, no kingdom could resist - they were organized and cruel. Mongols captured Russian principalitys and many kingdoms in the East and West. Polmyr captured.

Almost three hundred years have enjoyed cruel Mongols in Russian Earth. And so these disgrace continued to continue if it were not born in the Russian land of Saint Sergius Radonezh.

Well, now everything is read about everything in this story.

Saint Rev. Sergius Radonezh lived in the 14th century, during the time of Tatar mongolian Iga and intercible wars. According to an ancient legend, Barfolomeu (so called the saint to the post in the monks) did not have any student, although he was a diligent student.

Once, Rostov Boyharina Kirill was worn to foals. We scattered from the meadow in the surrounding birchings, searching for them ... Horses In general, animals are smart, they hold onto the pasture together, they do not go far from familiar places. And the children are that human, that horsepower, a well-known business, everyone strives for adventures to find themselves. Fuck the foals from the meadow, did not return home along with the rest of herd. So what's now? An uneven hour, the wolves will attack them, or in the swamp bog foals will be lit. And I must say that Boyarin Kirill, although he was a notable person, but the temper had a simple and peasant labor did not protect his children. Another would send a servant to look for a lost cattle and the case end. Kirill also sent in search of the foals of his middle son Bartholomew. He knew that the horses boy loves. Here let and gather touched the skates. More goes than wasted at home sitting. Moreover, he did not fit at all with his studies. Although we are crying, and the guinea is not given. Yes, Bartholomew and cried more than once from the resentment: well, for the trouble like this - the brothers are already reading for a long time, and the score is trained, and write try. Only he has one stupns in the psalti do not want to develop in words. How he tried, how many sleepless nights spent over the book, all the tips of the teacher performed the Word into the Word. And the gramist does not go to mind. Only and it remains that sheave secretly behind the stove, so that his father did not see. But the father is not blind, too, ... It was a sorry for his son, he saw that she was trying to the warfolomes, but nothing comes from him with a diploma. So sent it after another lesson on the meadow, behind the foals. I suppose, at the spacious, sadness will quickly dispel. Long wandered warfolomes in the surrounding hopes and armor.

I called my horses, looking for their traces on wet land at the stream. Finally in the grove on the edge of the field heard a familiar rye. Here they are, Father's foals, all four. Raised the muzzles, taught young escapes of Birch. "Nothing," thought warfolomes, "I have a delicacy for you." I got out of the Kotomka the edge of the rye loaf, gave everyone to pieces. That's all. Now they will run behind him at home as tied, wait for still treats. And went warfolomes with skates home.

Suddenly looks at the hillock, under the oak, - the old man in the monastic robe. It costs one-one and god praying. "Not otherwise, this is a holy man, the ward of God," thought Bartholomew. "I will ask him and pray it for me, so that I finally have a book grade." He stood up and began to wait. The elder finished his prayer, he saw the boy, called him to him and asked what he needed. Here the Bartholomew suddenly cried and began to talk about all his sorrows. The monk listened to him, smiled and said Briefly: "Let's pray together, so that the Lord gives you a book understanding." And when they prayed, pulled the box because of her sinuses, and from her took a piece of prosphora - church loaf - and gave the boy: - Eat it, as a sign of the grace of God to you.

Bartholomews obediently ate the prosfora. The monk said goodbye and wanted to go beyond his expensive, but Bartholomew more kept him to go to visit that he agreed. Came home. Bartholomew's parents were delighted when they saw on the threshold of a holy wander. Immediately they took the blessing and told the servants to cover on the table. But the guest was not in a hurry to dinner.

- Previously, we will withdraw food the spiritual, - he said to Bartholomew and headed with him to the chapel room. Such rooms at that time were in the house of every boyar and prince. There, the old man gave the boy in his hands a book and ordered to read prayers.

"But I don't know how," the warfolomes objected.

"Don't talk back," the old man smiled, "read."

And blessed by his congestion. Bartholomews obediently opened the book, and ... the words of the prayer poured from him without the slightest knocker. Letters on paper finally began to develop in words, and words - in the sentences. The boy read exactly and intelligible, not worse than the rural deacon. Parents standing in the doorway, could not believe their eyes - did they really have their warfolomes

So, with God's help, the future Igumen of the Russian land learned to read. From that day, the Bartholomew opened amazing abilities to study. The gram, which was not given to him, was finally mastered. After such a miracle, a boy had a desire to serve God. He wanted to retire in the example of ancient devotees and become a monk. But the love of his father and mother kept him in his native family.

Bartholomew was a modest, quiet and silent boy, with all the tears and everything was obedient to parents. Those also loved the Bartholomew, and he, having received their permission, from the twelve age began to teach himself to the life of the devotee - so strictly fastened that, on Wednesdays and Fridays, did not take food at all (as they did particularly pious adults), and the rest of the days was eaten by bread and water. Mom was first disturbed, but then she saw that Bartholomew and with such poor nutrition grows strong and healthy. He often visited the temple, and at home he spent all nights in prayer and diligently read the books of the Holy Fathers.

So would live a warfolome in its Rostov estate, as long as he grows and becomes a real monk. But ... when the Bartholomew was fifteen years old, the Rostov Principality joined Moscow. Now Rostov began to manage the Moscow governor named Ivan Kochyev. He set his new cruel orders and selected property from the boyars and noble people of Rostov.

The father of Bartholomew also lost all means and became poor, so his family was forced to flee from their native land. They found her sore in a small settlement Radonezh, sixty kilometers from Moscow. There they lived, while all three sons of impoverished boyar were matured. It's time to come, and their father died. And after him, Mother was departed to God. After the death of parents, the brothers did not share a poor inheritance. It got better younger Brata Peter. And Bartholomew and his older brother Stefan settled in ten versts (vests - this is a little more than a kilometer) from Radonja, in a deep forest near the river konchura.

Long walked brothers in the surrounding area, choosing a deserted place - that is, deserted, quiet, unnecessary people. Finally, they loved one forest corner, remote and from settlements, and from roads. This place was the god itself intended for the monastery, because the people have seen the heavenly light, then the fire, and some felt here. It looked like a place as a small hill, which was towering over the surroundings in the form of a poppy, so it was called Macovz, or Makovice. A dense forest, which has never concerned a man's hand, put it on all sides with a solid tackling, highly raising her sickly peaks to the sky.

In these forest devils, it was possible to find a little water, although it was not close for her. The brothers cut down the huge century-old ate, shed them with axes and their own hands built a celle with a small church. The church was consecrated in the name of the Holy Trinity. This was the beginning of the future abode of St. Sergius.

But not long happened to the brothers to live together. Although Stephen was an elder brother, and did not stand heavy Life Hermits away from people. No matter how he caught his warfolomes to stay, but Stephen left Forestry and went to Moscow. There he entered the Epiphany Monastery, and after a while he became his abbot and confessor of the Moscow Prince.

Bartholomews kneaded into the monks named Sergius and lived one in the forest for more than two years. It is difficult to even imagine how many difficulties had to overcome the young monk during this time. After all, it was then a little more than twenty years. In winter, flocks of hungry wolves digged near the Celi and throwing the night to move, sinister flame burned in dark Forest their terrible eyes. And in the warm season sometimes came here and others, even more terrible inhabitants of these places - bears. It was terribly reverend Sergia, like anyone, what to hide. But the other in his place would convince of such wild forests without regardless. And at the sight of wild animals only prayed very much, hoping for the help of God. And wolves with bears went deep into the depths of Forest Debreys, not harming him.

Once in the spring, Rev. Sergius saw a big bear before his hut, overlooking the hibernation. True, the view of the Bear was not at all fierce: I washed, fur hangs by Cloaks. I got up before the kili and growls plaintively, as if it was asked to eat. A monk was clenched over the Beast: I took a piece of bread, I went out and gave my bear my dinner. After all, in addition to the bread, which he sometimes brought the younger brother, in St. Sergius there was no other meal. The bear ate bread and gone into the forest. And then it was from time to time to come to the holy to visit - to taste the monastic bread. And he only thanked God for such an unusual neighbor sent him to consolation.

Three years later, the fame of the spiritual exploits of St. Sergius reached the surrounding villages. People who threw themselves to the saint, who had been instructed from him. The monks asked permission to stay next to him to lead the same righteous life. Rev. Sergius refused to them: after all, life here was very difficult. But in the end - allowed. And twelve people gathered around him, who decided how he, to serve God. Each of them built himself a celle-hut, and the reverend embaning them high fence From spruce login to protect against animals. The dense forest surrounded the abode from all sides. Century trees leaning over the cashes, noise with their peaks. Even near the church, there were stumps and brices everywhere, between which the monks arranged small grill, where vegetables were grown: potatoes, carrot, onions. This is how Jergiev Laurel looked at her first years!

Becoming igumen (that is, the abbot of the monastery), the reverend took care of the brethren, and he did not think about himself at all, hoping only for God's help. And therefore it often happened that he was hungry for a long time. But Sergius fasted from childhood since childhood and got used to tolerate deprivation, so with his patience I filed an example of all my brethren. One day he had no bread, nor salt, and in the entire monastery there were very few supplies. Three days, Igumen lived without food, and at the dawn, the fourth day took an ax and went to one of the monks, named Daniel.

- I heard, Starch, - said Rev. Sergius, - What do you want to attach Seni to your cell; Let me build them for you, so that my hands were not without business. "True," Daniel replied him, "I would very much wanted to build them; I have already been prepared for work for a long time, and just wait for a carpenter from the village. How do you charge this case? Perhaps you will ask me expensive.

"This work will cost you inexpensive," said Igumen. - Here I want a moldless bread, and you have it; I do not need it anymore. Don't you know that I can work not worse than a carpenter? Why do you, older, call another employee?

Then Daniel ruled him with slices of moldless bread, which he himself could not, and said:

- That's if you want, take everything that is there, and no more letters.

"Good," said Rev. Sergius, "this is pretty enough for me with an excess; Sign up to the ninth hour: I do not take the work fee before.

The abbot tightened the belt firmly and began to work hard. From early morning to late evening, despite the hunger, he sawed, the board was died, he grazed poles - and he graduated from the construction. The sun had already disappeared behind the dormant forest, when the old man of Daniel again made him molded slices of bread - an agreed fee for a whole day of labor. Putting them in front of them, Igumen prayed and began to eat, even without salt, only with one water. It was a lunch, and dinner for the whole four days! Seeing this, other monks were surprised by the patience of their igumeman, who even such a taste could take only as a fee for his work. After all, he strictly followed the commandments of the apostle Paul: who does not work, he does not eat (2 Salt. 3: 10). And the brethren tried to imitate their mentor.

In those years, the Russian land for a hundred fifty years has been under the rule of Tatar-Mongols. Russian princes each year paid them tribute. To fight with them it was simply unthinkable: Mongols collected too much and strong army. Yes, and then the princes in Russia to unite. Everyone has their own squad, and together to get together - in no way. Where there is an agreement there, if the princes then they quarreled with each other and tried to go hiking on their own neighbor.

But here is one of the Tatar khans, named Mamai, decided that one given to the Russian princes was already a little. And she was going to go on Russia with a huge army to seize all cities, kill the princes and himself rule Russian Earth. In vain, the Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich tried to die with his gifts and humility: Mamay and I did not want to hear about mercy. No matter how hard it was a great prince after recent wars with Lithuanians again prepare for war, and there was nothing to do: the Tatar hordes came out as a thunderstorm cloud to go through Russia. And then Dmitry Ivanovich was able to convince the rest of the princes to leave the discord, to unite all the squads in one army and meet the Terrible enemy Maama still on the way. While he did not get to our cities and did not handle the terrible trouble there.

There were a lot of Russian warriors, such a strong army so far no one has yet collected. But all the same, there were much less than the fighters at Mamaia. Everyone was clear that without God's help in this battle, it is not to win.

The Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich decided to go to the monastery to Sergia to worship there and get a blessing. He invited with his other Orthodox princes and the governor and along with a squad arrived at the Trinity Abode. Prying, the Grand Duke said to Saint Igumen:

"You already know, a lot that great grief hangs over us: the Ordinsky Prince Mamai goes to Russian land to ruin the holy churches and destroy the Christian people ... Crane the same, in order for God to deliver us from this trouble!

Reverend advised the prince Dmitry Ivanovich to bring Mama Gifts and show his humility. "You, Mr.," he said, "you should take care and tightly stand for your subjects, and put your soul for them, and shed your blood. But first go to Mama with the truth and humility, as follows in your position to submit to the Orda king. After all, Scripture teaches us that if such enemies want to honor and glory from us, we will give them; If they want Zlata and Silver, we will give it; But for the name of Christ, the Orthodox faith is likely to put their soul and shedding his soul. And you, Mr., Give them the honor, and Zlatto, and Silver, and God will not care for them to defeat us: He will raise you, seeing your humility, and lowered their adamant pride.

"I have already done all this," the Grand Duke replied him, "but my enemy crashes even more." "If so," said Sergius, "then his faithful death awaits him, and you, great princess, help, mercy and glory from the Lord. We hope for the Lord and at the most the Mother of God that they will not leave you.

And, the autumn of the Grand Duke Cross, pronounced:

- Go without fear! The Lord will help you!

- Won your enemies.

But not only with a breakdown and prayer blessed the Rev. Prince. At that time, the monastery were two ink: Alexander Peresvet and Andrei Ocksham. Everyone was heard about their courage, courage and military art, because before the adoption of monastics, they both were famous for the valiant soldiers, experienced in military business. Here are these inochetian heroes and gave the Rev. Sergius to help the Great Prince.

And when the Russian army agreed with Mama in the Kulikov field, one of them - Alexander Peresvet - began the battle, going to a fight with the famous Tatar Salucham. Horror inspired by one of his kind: Huge, powerful, with a ferocious face, he shook a spear and shouted: "Well, who dares to fight me?! Who does not go any life?! " And here the rivers left the Russian rows. In a simple monastic robe, without a lat and a helmet, armed with a heavy spear, as if Zipper rushed on a terrible Tatar for his fast horse. There were loud cries. Rivals collided right in the middle of the fields. The blow of the spears was such a force that the shields were cracked, and they struck each other to death. The huge Mongolian warrior fell into the grass, and Russian Vityaz remained in the saddle. The faithful horse brought him to the Russian army. Inok Peresvet died for his homeland, and his angels soul took the sky. There is no face of God's higher the feat than where his soul will put his own person.

Seeing how terrible Mongol turned out to be defeated, the Russians realized that the Lord for us began to beat to death. The battle continued all day until the night, and, in the end, the Mongols retreated. After all, if God is with you, you will not win you. And soon the whole of our country was released from the invaders.

Then the battle was boiling, the swords were swords, like a zipper, shook the spears, the blood was poured under the sidella, rolled the greenery helmets under the legs of the horse, and the helmets and heads are hedgehogs ...

At this time, in Trinity, the abode of Holy Igumen Sergius gathered all her brotherhood and prayed to God for the success of Russian troops. Although Sergius was in the monastery, but his spirit was on the sticker field. Igumen saw everything that happened there, and spoke about the monks. He called the names of the fallen warriors and prayed for them. Finally, Sergius announced that the enemy was defeated, and glorified God for the victory of Russian troops.

In honor of this great Victory Prince Dmitry and was named by Don, because Kulikovo field was near the Don River.

Thanks to St. Sergey, the hostile princes were reconciled, gathered a strong army and were driven by Tatars-enslavers. Yes, and after the Kulikov battle, the Rev. Sergius has repeatedly many times among themselves Russian princes, instructing them to live in love, according to God's commandments, and not to go on a good neighbor. For these and other glorious matters, Sergius Radonezh entered the national memory with high title - the igumen of the Russian land.

And the beginning of this was laid on that distant Rostov meadow, where the boy who gathered the fantastic foals, asked God to teach his diploma.

God has everything really - just a lot. Rev. Sergius has shown his whole life that he used the gift from God for the benefit of himself and the whole Russian people! And when such a person will exercise the will of God about himself, the graceful people always keep the memory of his good deeds.

Rev. Sergius Radonezh - Holy Land Russian

Personality of St. Sergius of Radonezh, on the one hand, has long been studied and widely known. But, on the other hand, it is connected with it whole line questions. For example, what did this holy made this saint if he was already reading during his lifetime, and the later generations assigned to him the high title of "Iguman All Russia"? Is the monastic path of Sergius from the furthest of the early inocities, and if so, then what is his uniqueness? And, finally, what influence did the reverend of God for the culture of Northeast Russia?

Since childhood, we know the story of how the tarts of warfolomew has experienced difficulties in mastering the diplomas and once, ranging in the field from ridicule of brothers and chagrins, prayed for help. He was an angel of the Lord in the form of an elder-ink and gave the boy to the consolation of the prosphora particle. Touching it, the fatters miraculously began to understand the Sacred Scripture and soon turned out to be the best student. The prediction of the elder to the parents of Bartholomew, pious Cyril and Mary came true: "Your son is great before God and people."

The prayerhouse of the land of Russian in 1314 was born in the village of Varnanti * under Rostov Great, in the manor Boyar Kirill and Mary. In Rostov Bartholomews with brothers lived up to 14 years, then the family moved to Radonezh. After the death of the parents, in a deserted place on Mount Makovets not far from Radonja, the brothers slaughtered to themselves. Having accepted in 23 years by the monastic stop with the name of Sergius, the future saint founded the abode of the lifty Trinity. So the world's famous Trinity-Sergiyev Lava, who became known now, which became the spiritual center of Moscow Rus. Sergius lasted there first with the brother Stefan, and then one. Inki began to gather in the abode, and the reverend himself carried heavy bodily labor and a prayer feat. He built Celi, wore water, cut the firewood, sewed clothes and prepared food for brethren. Seeing such humility and hard work, the monks asked Rev. Sergius to become the igumen of the monastery.


During his lifetime, having received the gift of the miracle, Igumen Radonezhsky raised the date when the desperate father considered his son dead.

The rumor about the young devotee, living in Radonezh Forest, quickly spread in Russia, and they began to bring patients from the most remote places.

Russian Earth suffered from Mongolian yoke at that time. The Grand Duke Dimitri Donskoy, collecting the army, came to the saint Sergia for the blessing of the battle.


To help the prince of Rev. Blessed by the Inocities, the monastery: Andrei (Oll) and Alexander (Perevalt), and predicted the victory to the prince. September 21, 1380, on the holiday of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, the Russian warriors broke the enemy on the Kuliki field.

One night, the saint prayed in front of the icon of the most and suddenly felt that he was waiting for a wonderful visit. In a moment, the Mother of God was accompanied by the Apostles Peter and John the Cologovo.

From the bright light, the reverend Sergies fell NIC, but the Mother of God touched him with his hand and promised to patronize the holy abode of him. Having reached a deep old age, for half a year. Narrevea his death, the Reverend was pressed to God on October 8, 1392 and soon began to be memorized by Troitsky monks as saint.
The relics of St. Sergius were gained on July 18, 1422 in reverend Igumen Nikon (mind 1426).

In 1408, when Moscow and its surroundings were exposed to the invasion of the Tatar Horde, the Trinity Abode was devastated and burned, Inkoki headed by Igumen Nikon was hidden in the forests, retaining the icons, sacred vessels, books and other shrines associated with the memory of St. Sergius. In a night vision, on the eve of the Tatar raider, Rev. Sergius informed his student and successor about the future tests and predicted in consolation that the temptation would be a short and holy insidency, a rim from the ashes, flashes and even more. Metropolitan Philaret wrote about it in the "Life of Rev. Sergius": "According to the likeness of the one, as he liked to suffer from Christ, and through the cross and death to enter the glory of the Resurrection, and everything that Christ blesses the longitude of days and glory, like to experience his cross and His death. " Having passed through the fire cleansing, resurrected to the longitude of the days the abode of the lifting Trinity, rebelled and the reverend Sergius himself, so that he was already forever with his holy relics to stay in her. Before the construction of a new temple in the name of the Library Trinity on the site of a wooden, consecrated in September 1412, the reverend appeared to one pious Mijanin and ordered to inform Igumen and Briathery: "Why leave me so much time in the coffin, the ground of the stovered, in the water that implants my body? " And here in the construction of the cathedral, when the rivers were digging for the foundation, the unwanted relics were open and were deposited, and everyone saw that not only the body, but the clothes were unharmed on it, although water really stood around the coffin. With a large coherence of the Bogomoltra and the clergy, in the presence of the Son Dimitri Donsky, Prince Zvenigorod Yuri Dimitrievich (Mind 1425), holy power were deposited from the Earth and temporarily delivered in a wooden Trinity Church (the Church of the Fathest of the Holy Spirit is now on the spot). When consecrated in 1426, the stone Trinity Cathedral was transferred to it, where and donnyne.

Since then, the memory of the saint is celebrated on July 18 and October 8.

For 620, Russian people have been treated with a prayer to the Radonezh Wonderworker. The lamps of the Trinity-Sergiye Lavra are warm, the covenants of the Rev., many praying come on the clone to his cancer. In previous times, to visit the Trinity (in the city of Sergiev Posad) was considered the holy duty of everyone.

In 1859, returning from the Siberian reference, F.M. Dostoevsky made a hook to look at the laurel, memorable from childhood. In the goggleless Liphethet, in 1919, the entire monastery brethren was arrested, and the Trinity Cathedral was turned on, then decret the Sovvarkom "former Lavra" was turned into a museum. A tire was arranged in the refectory, in the cells - the dining room and the club. After the Great Patriotic War, Trinity-Sergiyev Lavra was revived and for many years remained one of the eighteen monasteries in the USSR. The main temple of the Lavra - Trinity, where the relics of the Receiver rests, - Andrei Rublev and Daniel black painted outstanding icon paints. For the iconostasis of the cathedral, the famous "Trinity" was written **.

In the rhiznica, the Trinity-Sergius Lavra has sediments of Saint Sergius (XV century), which cannot be seen without excitement. This is a cover on the cancer of the reverend, presented by the Laurel of the Grand Duke Vasily, the son of Dimitri Donskoy ... In this image - the tender depth of the Earth of the Russian, and Tatars. With which love is embroidered, this fabric is a Russian woman, perhaps who knew the presented!

Traditionally, the saint write on the belt or in full height, In the monastic closure, in the left hand of the Rev. - a scroll, right he blesses us.

The image of the Iguman of the Russian Earth, for his own mobility life, awarded visits to the Virgin, strict and elevated. "Saint, Sed, Rima Crusader, left inkoky hoods and mantle, Chernell's rises, Wowproof, heads and roofs of golden, cross white," says Reverend in the "Facial Schaints" of the XVII century.

"As imperceptibly and meekly everything in it! .. Oh, if you see him, hear! I think he would not immediately and did not hit. Not a loud voice, quiet movement, face late, holy carpenter Great Russian. That, he even on the icon - the image of a unaware and charming in the implaniality of his landscape of the Russian, Russian soul, "said Russian writer B.K. Hares.

The earthly path and posthumous miracles of Sergius Radonezh, who committed from his tombs, about whom the chronicles and legends tell us are reflected in the icons with the living stimples. For centuries and until now.

Rev. is the patron saint of the Russian state.
In the homeland of the Reverend, in the village of Varnanti, the Trinity-Sergiev Monastery was founded in the XIV century. But in the 30s of the twentieth century, he was erased from the face of the Earth atheists, and at its place until the 90s of the last century there was a trash dump.

And the small miraculous icon of Sergius Radonezh from the loan monastery managed to save the inhabitants of Varnits, and it was transferred from generation to generation, maintained in the cellar wrapped in the rag, then in the well when searching for local peasants. When in 1995 the monastery took the Trinity-Sergiyev Laurel under his guardianship and he began to recover, this icon, in a nearly uncommon's form, was brought by some person to a memorable cross, established by the reel in place, where an angel appeared to the lard of the Bartholomew.


The cross was served by prayer, and from this hour the revival of the monastery, undergoing all sorts of obstacles: the lack of workers hands, building materialsFood, - suddenly went to Divo successfully.
Nowadays, Varnitsky Trinity-Sergiev Monastery is one of the most significant in the Rostov region, in 2004 the Orthodox Gymnasium-Pension was arranged here, where young men are studying in high school. And the reverend, through his saved miraculous image, helps the guys in their studies and gives courage in spiritual brave.

Sergius Radonezh (before the adoption of monastics - Bartholomew Kirillovich) Russian church and politician.
Born in the family of Bohrin not far from Rostov.
The family suffering from Tatar defeats and princely gravities moved to the Moscow Principality and received land near the city of Radonja.

At the age of seven, Bartholomew was given to learn a diploma.
He wanted to learn from his whole soul, but the grad was not given to him.
According to the legend, the warfolomes suffered very much from this and therefore he prayed to open the door of book intelligence during the day and night at night. Once, looking in the field of missing horses, he saw under the oak of an unfamiliar elder. Monk prayed. The boy approached him and told his grief. Sophisticatedly listening to the boy, the elder began to pray for his enlightenment. Then, took out a small piece of bread and said: "Take, and eat: it is given to you in the sign of the grace of God and the Razuming of the Holy Scripture." This grace really went to the child: the Lord gave him memory and knowing, and he became easily absorbed by the book wisdom. After that, the miracle in the young warfolome was strengthened by a desire to serve only God. He wanted to retire in the example of ancient devotees, but the love of parents kept him in their native family.

After the death of the parents of Bartholomew provided the inheritance to his younger brother Peter and, together with the elder brother Stefan settled in 10 versts from Radonja, in the deep forest near the river konchura. The brothers cut the forest with their own hands and built a celle and a small church.
So there was a famous abode of St. Sergius.
Soon Stephen left his brother and became the abbot of the Epiphany Monastery in Moscow and the confessor of the Grand Duke.
Bartholomew, became a monk and he was given a new name - Sergius.
For about two years, he lived alone in the forest.

Glory about the great replacement was separated by Russia. People reached out in the abode.
Soon Sergius Radonezh, together with the elder brother Stefan (about 1330-40), founded the Trinity Monastery (Trinity-Sergiyev Lava) and became his second igumen.

Sergius introduced a hostel charter in the monastery, destroying the monks that existed before this. The adoption of the hostel charter and its subsequent distribution with the support of the Grandnya Power, Russian Metropolitan and Constantinople Patriarch on other monasteries of Northeast Russia was important church reformwho contributed to the transformation of monasteries into large economic and spiritual centers.

Moral authority Sergius, close ties with the family of Grand Dmitry Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy, the prominent boyars and the highest church hierarchs allowed Sergia Radonezh to actively influence the church and political affairs of his time.
In 1380, he helped Dmitry in the preparation of the Kulikov battle, and in 1385 his conflict settled with Ryazan prince Oleg.

Rev. Sergius died on September 25, 1392.
Buried in the monastery founded; ranked with the Russian church to the face of saints.

// September 16, 2011 // Views: 100 318