Taper 7 24 dimensions angle. Tool cone. Angle tolerances and cone shapes

And execution.

Morse taper and metric taper

The Morse taper is one of the most widely used tool mountings. Was proposed by Stephen A. Morse around 1864.

Morse taper is subdivided into eight sizes, from KM0 before KM7(English MT0-MT7, German MK0-MK7). Taper from 1: 19.002 to 1: 20.047 (taper angle from 2 ° 51'26 "to 3 ° 00'52", taper slope from 1 ° 25'43 "to 1 ° 30'26") depending on the size.

Metric cone

As the machine tool industry developed, it became necessary to expand the range of sizes of Morse tapers, both upward and downward. At the same time, for the new standard sizes of the cone, the taper was chosen exactly 1:20 (the angle of the cone is 2 ° 51'51 ", the slope of the cone is 1 ° 25'56") and they were named metric cones(eng. Metric Taper). The standard size of metric cones is indicated by largest diameter cone in millimeters. GOST 25557-2006 also defines reduced metric cones No. 4 and No. 6 (eng. ME4, ME6) and large metric cones No. 80, 100, 120, 160, 200 (eng. ME80 - ME200).

There are no design differences between the Morse taper and the metric taper.

Dimensions of the outer and inner cone (according to GOST 25557-2006), mm

Table 1

	Cone designation	Taper	D	D 1	d	d 1	d 2	d 3 max	d 4 max	d 5	l 1 max	l 2 max	l 3 max	l 4 max	l 5 min	l 6
Metric	№ 4	1:20	4	4,1	2,9	-	-	-	2,5	3	23	25	-	-	25	21
Metric	№ 6	1:20	6	6,2	4,4	-	-	-	4	4,6	32	35	-	-	34	29
Morse	KM0	1:19,212	9,045	9,2	6,4	-	6,1	6	6	6,7	50	53	56,3	59,5	52	49
	KM1	1:20,047	12,065	12,2	9,4	M6	9	8,7	9	9,7	53,5	57	62	65,5	56	52
	KM2	1:20,020	17,780	18	14,6	M10	14	13,5	14	14,9	64	69	75	80	67	62
	KM3	1:19,922	23,825	24,1	19,8	M12	19,1	18,5	19	20,2	80,1	86	94	99	84	78
	KM4	1:19,254	31,267	31,6	25,9	M16	25,2	25,2	24	26,5	102,5	109	117,5	124	107	98
	KM5	1:19,002	44,399	44,7	37,6	M20	36,5	35,7	35,7	38,2	129,5	136	149,5	156	135	125
	KM6	1:19,180	63,348	63,8	53,9	M24	52,4	51	51	54,6	182	190	210	218	188	177
	KM7	1:19,231	83,058					-					285.75	294.1
Metric	№ 80	1:20	80	80,4	70,2	M30	69	67	67	71,5	196	204	220	228	202	186
	№ 100	1:20	100	100,5	88,4	M36	87	85	85	90	232	242	260	270	240	220
	№ 120	1:20	120	120,6	106,6	M36	105	102	102	108,5	268	280	300	312	276	254
	№ 160	1:20	160	160,8	143	M48	141	138	138	145,5	340	356	380	396	350	321
	№ 200	1:20	200	201	179,4	M48	177	174	174	182,5	412	432	460	480	424	388

Shortened morse taper

For many applications, the length of the Morse taper has proven to be excessive. Therefore, nine standard sizes of shortened Morse tapers were invented, obtained by removing the thicker part of the Morse taper. The number in the designation of the short cone is the diameter of the new thick part of the cone in mm. Russian standard for shortened cones GOST 9953-82 “Short tool cones. Basic dimensions. "

B7- shortened to 14 mm KM0.
B10, B12- shortened to 18 and 22 mm, respectively KM1.
B16, B18- shortened to 24 and 32 mm, respectively KM2.
B22, B24- shortened to 45 and 55 mm, respectively KM3.
B32- shortened to 57 mm KM4.
B45- shortened to 71 mm KM5.

GOST 19860-93

Group G81

INTERSTATE STANDARD

INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL CONES TAPE 7:24

Tolerances

Internal and axternal 7:24 tapers.
Tolerances

OKS 25.080 *
OKP 39 0000

____________________

* In the index "National standards" 2006
OKS 25.080.01. - Note.

Date of introduction 1996-01-01

Foreword

1 DEVELOPED by the Russian Federation

INTRODUCED by the Technical Secretariat of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification

2 ACCEPTED by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification on 03/15/94

State name	Name of the national standardization body
The Republic of Azerbaijan	Azgosstandart
Republic of Belarus	Belstandard
The Republic of Kazakhstan	Gosstandart of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The Republic of Moldova	Moldovastandart
the Russian Federation	Gosstandart of Russia
Turkmenistan	Turkmenglav State Inspection
The Republic of Uzbekistan	Uzgosstandart
Ukraine	State Standard of Ukraine

3 By the Resolution of the Committee Russian Federation on standardization, metrology and certification from 28.06.95 N 329, the interstate standard GOST 19860-93 was put into effect directly as state standard Russian Federation since January 1, 1996

4 REPLACE GOST 19860-74

1 AREA OF USE

This standard applies to cones in accordance with GOST 15945 with a taper 7:24 designation from 30 to 80 and establishes tolerances for the angles and shape of the cones from 3 to 7 degrees of accuracy.

The requirements of this standard are mandatory.

2 REFERENCES

GOST 8908-81 Basic standards of interchangeability. Normal angles and corner tolerances

GOST 15945-82 Internal and external cones with taper 7:24. Dimensions (edit)

3 TOLERANCES OF ANGLE AND SHAPE OF CONES

3.1 The dimensions and tolerances of the angles of the outer and inner cones must correspond to those indicated in the figure and in table 1.

________________
* Size for reference.

** - the base distance of the cone is set in the standards for specific products

1 - main plane; 2 - base plane

Table 1

Dimensions in millimeters

Cone symbols				Angle tolerance, μm, cone according to GOST 8908

Conventional designation of cones - according to GOST 15945 with the addition of the degree of accuracy of the cone according to this standard, for example:

Cone 50 AT5 GOST 15945-82

3.2 Limit deviations the base distance of the cone should be selected from the range: ± 0.4; ± 0.2; ± 0.1; ± 0.05 mm.

3.3. The cone shape tolerances must correspond to those indicated in table 2.

table 2

Designation cone	Name admission	Shape tolerance, μm, for degrees of accuracy

30; 35	Straightness tolerance
40; 45
50; 55
60; 65
70; 75
80
30; 35; 40;	Roundness tolerance
45; 50;
55; 60
65; 70; 75; 80

To reduce the range of tools that are used in industrial metalworking equipment, a variety of adapters are produced from one taper to another - for tools with a tapered shank, as well as a tapered spindle bore.

An outer cone-inner cone adapter is referred to as a bushing. An adapter of the "outer cone-outer cone" type is called a transition mandrel

Reducing sleeves with taper 7:24

The main area of application for the 7:24 tool taper is CNC machines equipped with an automatic tool change unit. This type of cone is devoid of the main disadvantage inherent in the Morse taper, which is fixed by self-wedging, which is difficult for automatic installation into the machine spindle. Also, the 7:24 taper has a larger area of the axial stop affecting the accuracy of the installation, the possibility of replacing the pulleys intended for tightening and fixing in the spindle with a special mechanism.

Reducing sleeves with Morse taper

These cones are manufactured according to Morse standards (Stephen A. Morse - 19th century American inventor).

Standard cones of this type have several corresponding standard sizes, which are designated by the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6. Selection of numbers adapter sleeves is carried out in accordance with the numbers that have the cone of the cutting tool.

The fixation of the taper shank in the specially provided spindle bore is achieved by the action of the frictional force that occurs between conical surfaces... Provide high accuracy of centering the tool, as well as provide quick change - using a special wedge.

Morse adapter sleeves are available in two versions: short and long.

Reducing sleeves with HSK taper

The HSK taper (from German Hohlschaftkegel, hollow taper) is used in milling and turning / milling machining centers. Taper 1:10.

The HSK cone has several flange designs, designated by the letters A, B, C, D, E, F. The cone size is indicated by the number of the largest flange diameter in mm (from 25 to 160).

The main advantages of the HSK connection are: automatic fast tool change (which is very important in CNC machining centers), low weight, the ability to install turning tools into the spindle, good repeatability, and rigidity. As a rule, standard square cutters are installed in a special intermediate holder, which, in turn, has an HSK taper. But sometimes cutters with HSK shank are also used.

Reducing sleeves with cone R8

The R8 cone was developed by Bridgeport Machines for its equipment. Created specifically for collet chucks, later it was used as a tool cone. There is only one size.

The Morse taper is one of the most common means for securing a tool to a machine tool. This instrument got its name in honor of the famous engineer Stephen Morse, who lived in the 19th century. Today for the right choice the sizes of this product use fractional numbers. There are several standardized values that differ in angles of inclination and dimensions.

The area of application of the Morse taper is mechanical engineering. It can be used to quickly and very accurately clamp the cutting tool. To do this, the Morse taper is fixed in the machine in a special hole or chuck, and in turn, for example, a drill is inserted into it. This method of fastening guarantees the most accurate centering and subsequent processing. It can also be used to feed to the workpiece or cutting tool cutting fluid.

Dimensions and elements of the Morse taper

A distinctive feature of one Morse taper from another is the size. There are several types of them and, in accordance with GOST, each has a specific number and abbreviation. To measure it, you need to use calibration, and best of all, a special table, which will allow you to calculate the dimensions down to microns. Depending on the machine on which the part will be machined, you should choose, for example, a cutter, a drill, and then the type of Stephen Morse's invention.

With the development of the engineering industry, there was a need to expand lineup Morse cones. For this, a metric cone was developed, which did not have special design differences from its predecessor. Its taper was 1:20, with an angle of 2 ° 51'51 ″ and a slope of 1 ° 25'56 ″. Metric cones made it possible to create big choice tools for various machine tools and operations. They are classified into two categories: large and small. Large ones are designated, for example, No. 120, 200, and the numbers correspond to the largest diameter of the metric cone.

The tool taper is a tapered shank of some cutting tool and tapered bore in a spindle or headstock of the same diameter. Its function is to quickly change cutting tools and maintain high accuracy during centering and clamping.

It is mainly used in CNC machines, because it eliminates a number of disadvantages of a conventional Morse taper.

Advantages:

jamming of shanks in the spindle is much less;
smaller sizes;
improved axis stop;
ease of fastening;
automatic change of cutting tools.

Today, Morse tapers are manufactured in accordance with the international ISO and DIN standards. In Russia, the standardization system combines into one class both simple Morse cones, and metric and instrumental ones. Information about them can be obtained in GOST 25557-82. The situation with a single GOST has developed due to the fact that Morse cones have been very popular in our country since the times of the USSR, and in parallel with this, many new ones have appeared.

Download GOST 25557-82

Morse tones are categorized into 8 categories. Abroad, these are MT0, MT1, MT2, MT3, MT4, MT5, MT6, MT7. Germany has the same numbering, but letter designation MK. In our country and in the post-Soviet space KM0, KM1, KM2, KM3, KM4, KM5, KM6 and No. 80.

As time has shown, some foreign-made Morse cones are inconvenient in operation due to their great length. For this case, a range of shortened products has been developed in 9 sizes.

The best varieties of cones to date

Today, HSK, Capto and Kennametal Morse tapers are especially popular due to their quality. Good resistance to temperature changes and compliance with the stringent requirements of the machine tool industry have made the Morse tapers of these brands market leaders.

HSK are hollow tools with a taper of 1:10. They are designated by a letter of the Latin alphabet and a number denoting the larger diameter of the flange. Main feature such products is quick replacement tool, which is very important in CNC machines.

Capto tool cones comply with the international ISO standard and are high quality products. The products are expensive due to the complexity of manufacturing, but high accuracy will allow minimizing waste in production when using these tools on machine tools. The design feature does not allow them to turn during the operation of the machine, self-jamming occurs. The connection rigidity of Capto products is their main advantage over other competitors.

Kennametal's products are less common but also serve their purpose well.

Products from B&S, Jacobs and Jarno are distributed mainly in the USA, as they are not confirmed international standards and are created accordingly for the American market, where they are in great demand.

Bridgerport Machines has developed the R8 for collet chucks on their equipment. But then the invention was finalized and released to the international market. The effectiveness of this remedy caused a sensation at one time and all sorts of analogues began to appear. Today the company produces only one type of execution of such a mechanism.

The 7:24 tool taper is widely used in CNC machines, where tool changes are automatic. Being instrumental, it has a number of advantages over the conventional one and therefore is so popular in machine tool construction. There are many varieties of it. Many countries have developed their own standards for it and therefore the 7:24 models from different manufacturers do not replace each other.

The 1:50 taper is also widely used in the mechanical engineering industry if it is required to additionally fasten two products with threaded connection... To do this, the 1:50 model has special pins that must be inserted into the workpiece, having previously drilled in those holes in the appropriate places.

Basic information about shanks and their designation

There are several types of execution of the tool taper. It can contain threads, presses or not.

At its end, a thread can be cut, which is made to secure the tool to the spindle using a pull rod. This is a special stem that prevents the tool from falling out. Also, with its help, the product can be removed if it is accidentally jammed in the spindle.

If the shank is made with a foot, then it holds the tool in the spindle due to the fact that it is fixed in a special groove. The foot has two purposes, with its help it is easier to get the product out of the spindle, as well as a rigid fixation is created and there will be no turning.

You can also find a version with several grooves and holes. They have different depths and sizes. Their task is to supply cutting fluid to the cutting tool.

Tool shanks are of various designs and are indicated by an alphabetic code. Below is their transcript:

BI - internal, there is a groove;
BE - external, there is a foot;
AI - internal, there is a hole along the axis;
AE - external, there is a threaded hole along the axis;
BIK - internal, there is a groove and an opening for feeding;
VEK - external, there is a foot and a hole for coolant supply;
AIK - internal, contains holes along the axis and for coolant supply;
AEK - external, contains a threaded hole along the axis and a hole for coolant supply.

Outer and inner correspond to their names. Depending on the tool used, you should choose an external or internal version.

Shortened morse tapers

In some situations, the dimensions of the Morse taper are too large and in this case, you should use the shortened versions.

The names below indicate that the taper has been shortened:

B7 - up to 14 mm;
B10 - up to 18 mm;
B12 - up to 22 mm;
B16 - up to 24 mm;
B18 - up to 32 mm;
B22 - up to 45 mm;
B24 - up to 55 mm;
B32 - up to 57 mm;
B45 - up to 71 mm;

The number in the name informs about the size of the diameter of the new part of the cone. Detailed data can be taken from the corresponding GOST.