Lemon eureka variety description. Lemon tree eureka. The appearance of flowers and fruits

I am in a good mood today - I tasted the lemon, which bears fruit for the first time; it is also the first variegated citrus I have tasted.

But this is not the main reason for my mood. The fact is that when I received this lemon, I did not know what kind it was. When I cut the fruit, I was very happy, because I saw what I expected - pink flesh, which means this is a popular variety - variegated lemon Eureka Pink ( Citrus limon "Eureka Variegated Pink"):

Variety information

The variegated lemon Eureka Pink is a mutation of the common Eureka variety. The leaves are variegated with white and green flowers, which makes the tree very decorative. This variety grows less vigorously than the typical Eureka. The peel is striped, creamy green and sometimes coarser than that of the "parent". When fully ripe, the stripes disappear and the fruit turns yellow, and the flesh becomes light pink and very sour. There are few seeds.

My lemon Eureka

Then I assumed (and to be honest, I just really wanted to) that it was Eureka. serj(a very experienced citrus grower) in the comments assured me that this is not Eureka, but perhaps Foliis variegatis sanguineum, which, by the way, also has a pigmented pulp, but unlike Eureka, it is pale orange.

I looked at my next photo, prepared for the article, and began to doubt - what if it wasn't Eureka:

It is difficult to reproduce the real color with the camera. And in doubt, I ran to the kitchen to look at the harvest again. I looked again - doubts have disappeared, the color is pale pink, but not orange. But how can an inexperienced photographer convey it to readers?

With the default settings on my "soap box", something like this happened:

Inspired by the photo, I almost forgot to tell you about the taste. The pulp is quite sour, lemon, and too aromatic. The peel is very bitter, with a lot of essential oils and somewhat resembles panderosis. There is something in this lemon from the orange, judging by the taste.

Fetal development history

I rummaged through my archives and found that the lemon was blooming in April 2015:

Previously, there were only barren flowers and I really hoped for an ovary. During August 2015, the fruit looked like this:

The tree was weak and poorly formed, but I took the risk of leaving the fruit:

The variegated variety of the unshiu mandarin is represented by the yellow color of the leaves. Growth rate, taste is about the same as that of ordinary unshiu tangerine.

Lemon Eureka variegata (Eureka Lemon variegata) is a fast-growing tree with thorns, dense foliage. The fruit is medium in size, very sour, juicy, has few seeds and a thick rind. There are two forms - green and variegated. Variegated is more appreciated for the beauty of the crown, but gives less fruit than green, and is not so cold-resistant. The variegated lemon Eureka has striped fruits during ripening, and when fully ripe, they can be completely yellow with pink flesh, fragrant, pleasant to the taste. Both forms of the plant bloom several times a year.

This lemon is analogous to the variegated eureka lemon, which has become very popular among citrus growers. Young growth of lemon "Foliis variegatis sanguineum" has a purple hue, which suggests the presence of anthocyanin in the tissues of the shoots. The leaves have white variegation, the fruits have stripes along the fruit. The growth rate of lemon is decent, this variety is distinguished by its remontability. And the most important thing is that the pulp of the lemon "Foliis variegatis sanguineum" has a pink tint.

Citrus Fortunella margarita "Centennial" is a variegated variety of kumquat. Several sources state that variegated oranjekvat and Fortunella margarita "Centennial" are the same species. The exact origin of this variegated kumquat is not known. It is believed that it is a kumquat margarita seedling, which grew from a seed pollinated with clementine or mandarin pollen. Based on this, in fact, this kumquat can be called orange. The quality of the variegated kumquat fruit is excellent, the juice content in the fruit is higher and the skin is thinner compared to the regular kumquat margarita. The foliage is spotty with bright cream-colored spots; there are no spines on the shoots. The fruits have tiger stripes of cream and green at a young age, when fully ripe, the rind is orange.

The variegated citron Variegated Buddha "s Hand (Citrus medica variegata) is one of the most sought-after citrus varieties in existence today due to its unusual fruit shape and beautiful variegated leaves. Large, attractive leaves have a cream-ivory frame, green center and light tones Although the variegated variety of Buddha's Hand grows more slowly than the normal Buddha's Hand, the beauty of the leaves is worth waiting for the plant to grow in. The variegation of the leaves is stable and when the fruit emerges, lemon peel is the perfect combination of sweet and sour for use in cooking.

Consider a range of lemon varieties grown in room conditions... Choose the variety that is optimal for yourself according to the conditions of keeping and description of the fruits.

Lemon belongs to the Rutaceae family, the Aurantioideoe subfamily and the Citrus genus. The botanical name for lemon is Citrus limon Burm.

The peculiarities of citrus fruits, including lemons, include their longevity - their average life expectancy is over 100 years.

There are currently about 150 varieties of lemon... Pavlovskiy, Meyer, Novogruzinskiy, Kurskiy, Joyce, Uralskiy room, Maykopskiy, Genoa, Lisbon, Villa-franca, Panderoza, Eureka, Kommune and many others. There are rare and amateur varieties of lemon, descriptions and photos of which are almost impossible to find (Chakvatadze, Urman, Novomoskovsky, Du Tais, Odishi, Refiorente, Carubaro, Procino, Canalikulata di palermo).

Lemon is a plant of a subtropical climate and at an average daily temperature below 10 0 С it is in a state of growth dormancy.

Lemons can be grown in a room, in an apartment getting a rich harvest. It is only important to properly care for them. The required temperature for wintering lemon is + 15-18 0 С with moderate air humidity. Use settled water for irrigation. Transplant young plants after a year or two, five-year-olds and older ones after 3-4 years. For budding, the best temperature is + 14-17 0 C degrees, for the growth and ripening of fruits + 19-25. Mass budding occurs at a temperature of 19-20 ° C, and mass flowering at an average daily air temperature of 16-22 ° C. It is necessary to feed lemons from April to August once every two weeks, and in winter once a month with organic and mineral fertilizers.

Breeding lemons

The best way to propagate lemons is by sowing seeds. Unlike many fruit crops, lemon seed propagation gives seedlings of culture type with good fruit quality. The seeds grow healthy, resistant trees adapted to local conditions. But the fruiting period for a lemon grown from a seed occurs only in the 10-15th year and even later.

The most common methods of grafting citrus fruits are copulation (grafting with a cuttings) and budding (grafting with a kidney, i.e. with an eye).

Cutting is an easy and affordable way to propagate a lemon. Lemons grown from cuttings begin to bear fruit as early as the third year.

Indoor Lemon Pots

Young plants are usually grown in clay pots. Large ones are grown in large pots or wooden tubs. When planting and transplanting plants, take the following pot size: up to two years - 1 liter; from two to four years - 3 liters; from four to six years - 5 liters; from six to eight years - 8 liters; from eight years and older - 12 liters or more.

Best Citrus Soil: 2 parts leaf (or pine bark), 1 part black soil, 1 part humus, 1 part sand.

They can bear fruit on branches of any order.

It's okay if they lose their leaves in winter, some will fall heavily in winter (Buddha's Hand).

From seeds you are tortured to wait until they bear fruit, lemons - for 15-18 years.

The most hardy is the Panderosa lemon.

If you look closely, the upper part of the leaves is directed in one direction, towards the light, and if the lemon is turned the other side towards the light, in summer it is not scary, there is enough light, but in winter they can throw off the leaves from this. After transplanting or moving along the windowsill, be sure to return the plant the same side to the light.

In winter, if possible, it is better to keep the plants cooler so that the air from the battery does not go directly to the pots. Or illuminate: under the lamps they grow and bloom all year round.

Lisbon

Lisbon is a lemon of American origin and is considered one of the most heat- and drought-tolerant, while it is also resistant to low temperatures. Blooms in the third year. A remontant variety (blooms and bears fruit all year round), tolerates high temperatures well. One of the best varieties cultivated outdoors (in warm climates), as well as in lemonades.

Vigorous tree with strong branches, well leafy, with numerous thorns... Comes into fruiting early and bears fruit abundantly, up to 60 fruits annually. In the fourth or fifth year of life, it gives about 35 fruits, and 100 - 150 fruits can be removed from an adult tree. You need a well-lit place.

Fruits are elongated or oval in shape. The top of the fruit is slightly sloping, with a nipple and a characteristic depression on one side of the nipple. Fruit weight 120-150 g, can reach 500 g. The pulp is fragrant, juicy, pleasant sour taste with bitterness. Fruits of this variety are considered one of the best quality lemon fruits... There are few or no seeds. The rind is thin.

The fruit of this lemon tree is one of the most famous of all citrus fruits because it is easy to grow, delicious, and widely used in foods and beverages. Flowers and ripe fruits are on the tree at the same time. When ripe, these beautifully fragrant fruits have a bright yellow skin.

Indoors usually grows up to a meter.

Sanguineum variegata

C. limon "Foliis variegatis Sanguineum".

Probably sourced from Oscar Tintori's kennel.

A rare variegated lemon with orange-red flesh. The buds and new growth are purple, blooming several times a year. Fruits at the beginning of ripening have a striped color, by the end of ripening they acquire a yellowish color.

Tashkent

The Tashkent variety was bred by Fakhrutdinov from Tashkent.

Medium-sized lemon tree with small dark green leaves and small white flowers. It blooms 2 times a year, in spring and autumn. Flowers are single or collected in small clusters of 5-6 buds. Bears fruit in the 2-3rd year. The fruits are small (80-90 g), have a very thin orange peel and juicy orange pulp. There are many fruits on a tree.

Photo-loving and picky about air humidity. It almost does not need crown formation.

Tashkent lemons have a relatively high pulp content.

The height of trees of this variety ranges from 1.8 to 2.5 m and averages 2.2 m.

"Jubilee" and "Tashkent" sorts of lemons are own-rooted plants. They begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after the rooting of slightly lignified green cuttings. Fruits finish growing 5-6 months after flowering, the ripening phase lasts 30-35 days.

The fruits are ovoid. The rounded base of the fruit gradually turns into a short neck. The nipple is wide, short, obtuse, surrounded by a semicircular groove. The skin is lemon yellow, smooth, shiny. The pulp is very juicy, consists of an average of 10 slices.

Oval di Sorento

Ovale Di Sorrento.

A variety from Italy. The tree is tall, strong, densely leafy, the foliage grows more upward, there are few thorns, the young shoots are greenish, the flowers are snow-white. Fruits are ovoid, large (130-160 g), lemon-yellow peel, bumpy, of medium thickness.

Nine Pounder

Nine Pounder Lemon (Nine Pound).

The tree is compact. The leaf blade is larger than that of regular lemons, the top is slightly rounded (like that of Panderosa), but smaller in size. The fruit is yellow, rounded, slightly flattened. The taste is pleasant. The peel can be up to 2 centimeters thick.

As the name suggests, it is one of the largest-fruited lemon varieties! There is information on the Internet about fruits weighing about 7 kg.

Meyer

Refers to hybrid forms of citrus fruits. According to some reports, it is a natural hybrid between orange and lemon. The variety was brought by the American botanist Meyer from China to the United States and was named after him there. Another name is Chinese dwarf, or Chinese lemon.

Not found anywhere in the wild.

It is a small tree or bush up to 2.5 m in height. Shoots are spiny, often there are no thorns. Good leafy crown. Leaves are relatively small to medium in size, dark green. Buds and flowers are usually collected in clusters, sometimes single, smaller than other lemons, white or with a bluish tinge.

Fruits are round, almost without the usual nipple, medium size (100 g), very juicy (up to 50% juice), not too sour and with a peculiar taste. The rind is bright yellow, sometimes almost orange, thin, with a smooth shiny surface. The yield is high. Remontant variety: blooms 4 times a year, at short intervals.

Meyer's lemon stands out from other lemon varieties abundant fruiting... Begins to bear fruit early. It starts bearing fruit for 2-3 years. it the most "not sour" of all varieties of lemon, its fruits are often eaten unripe.

New Year

The variety, according to some sources, was obtained in Irkutsk by A.V. Shcherbakov. Perhaps the name New Year's is associated with the ripening of the fruits of spring flowering in late December - early January.

The crown is well leafed, compact, does not require shaping. Well suited for indoor use. Thin spines of medium length. High decorativeness.

Fruits are small, rounded, tapering towards the top. At the top, a long "proboscis" nipple is formed from the pistil. The pulp of the fruit is juicy, tender, fine-grained, yellow-green in color, with a noticeable acidity and a pleasant aroma.

Good cuttings. The remontability is well expressed. The main flowering wave occurs in March-April. Fruiting of a seedling occurs in the second or third year.

Eureka

A fast growing tree with thorns, dense foliage and many fruits. The fruit is medium in size, very sour, juicy, has few seeds and a thick rind.

Has many almost indistinguishable clones with the following names: Allen, Cook, Cascade, Meek, Ross, Wheatley / Thornton.

Fruits are small to medium-sized, oblong, sometimes pear-shaped. There are few seeds, sometimes no seeds at all. The color is yellow when ripe. Medium thickness, tight-fitting rind. The pulp is greenish-yellow; fine-grained, tender, juicy; very sour. The harvest gives throughout the year.

The tree is medium in size, spreading, practically without thorns; less leafy compared to Lisbon; mostly fruits are found at the ends of long branches. Eureka is more sensitive to cold than other lemons and the tree has a shorter lifespan.

Due to the almost year-round fruiting, rapid development, and also due to the practical absence of thorns, this variety quickly became the main competitor for lemons of the Lisbon variety. Both varieties remain mainstream throughout the world.

Eureka is considered the main export lemon in many countries, with the exception of Italy, Spain and several other Mediterranean countries.

Lemon Eureka is incompatible with rootstocks such as Poncirus tripoliata, citrumelo and citrange (Troyer, Carrizo).

Eureka variegata

Variegated Eureka lemon.

Citrus × limon L. Burm.f.

This mutation was selected by A.D. Shamel in 1911. It differs from Eureka in greater leafiness and variegation, strong growth and somewhat smaller fruits, about 90 g.

The foliage and young fruits are attractively variegated, but the variegation of the fruit fades with maturity, and the ripe fruit can easily disguise itself as a common Eureka.

Bred in the USA. The crown is medium-leafy, there are few or no thorns. Leaves petiole with slight winging. The flowers are large. Fruits are oblong, oblong-oval. The peel is thin (0.2-0.5 cm), lemon yellow. The pulp is tender, light yellowish. The taste is very sour. The crop is well distributed throughout the year, but mainly in late winter, spring and early summer.

The tree is of medium strength and size, with little or no thorns; bears fruit at the ends of long branches, early maturing and productive variety. More sensitive to cold, pests and neglect in general, requires more careful care.

Pink Fleshd Eureka

Variegated Pink Fleshed Eureka lemon

Citrus × limon L. Burm.f.

It originated in the home garden as a sport of ordinary Eureka. Selected by A.D. Shamel (Shamel No. 11005). It is a variegated Eureka sport with pink flesh and pink juice. Interesting peel ornament. The pattern disappears when the fruit ripens, but then it is again present on ripe fruits. The harvest is well distributed throughout the year.

Variegated lemon (pink flesh), sometimes marketed as Pink Lemonade... The leaves are variegated, green-white, which makes the tree very decorative, growing slightly less vigorously than the typical Eureka lemon. The peel is striped, creamy green, sometimes tougher than that of ordinary Eureka lemons. When the fruits are fully ripe, the stripes disappear and the skin turns yellow. The pulp is light pink at full maturity, very sour.

Siracusano

Femminello Siracusano.

Comes from Italy (Syracuse). The tree is low and medium-sized with a dense crown, growing mainly upward, without thorns, young shoots are green with a purple tint, flowers are white with a purple color. A very productive variety. The fruits are elliptical, large (130-160 g), the base is rounded, the tip is slightly protruding and rounded, the peel is yellow, slightly bumpy, of medium thickness. The pulp is lemon yellow, very juicy and strongly sour, usually 10 segments, many seeds.

Santa teresa

Femminello Santa Teresa lemon. Breeding Femminello Ovale. Market type lemon.

A variety of Italian selection. Plants are medium-sized, up to 3.5 m high. Fruits are of high quality, lie well, fruit weight up to 90 g. Peel is slightly rough, fragrant, greenish-yellow, 4-5 mm thick, dense.

This relatively new Italian Femminello look is considered very promising due to its greater resistance to Malsecco's disease* than any other lemon. This lemon tree can grow without recurrence in gardens that have been nearly destroyed by disease (Russo, 1955). Currently, this variety is planted as a replacement in areas of Italy where the disease is severe.

*Malsecco(Mal secco) - a dangerous and widespread citrus disease caused by the fungus Phoma tracheiphila (Deuterophoma tracheiphila). "Malsecco" comes from the words "dry" and "disease" ( ital.), means "disease of desiccation". Malsecco's disease is widespread in the countries of the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, which is due to the climatic conditions of these areas, contributing to the development of the fungus. All citrus fruits are affected to varying degrees by the Phoma tracheiphila fungus. In addition, plants of the genus Fortunella and (according to some information) Severinia are affected.

The disease begins with chlorosis, which appears on the young leaves of individual branches. Yellow veins are clearly visible on green leaves. Then the wilting of non-lignified shoots begins, the leaves fall off and the branches dry out. Dried branches are usually gray in color and appear on them black manifestations of the fungus, which are difficult to see (they are small and immersed in the tissue of the plant). Leaves can fall green, acquire a brown color, spreading from the petiole and central vein.

There is no way to kill the fungus that has invaded the plant.

Monacello

Monachello (Moscatello).

Fruits are small to medium-sized, elliptical in shape, tapering at both ends, with few or no seeds. Looks like a lemon / citron hybrid. The color is yellow when ripe. The crust is thin. The pulp is tender, not juicy enough, with less acid than other lemon varieties. The main harvest time is in winter and spring.

The tree is short, slowly growing, with a rounded crown and spreading branches with dense foliage, almost without thorns. The leaves are large, thick, with wavy edges, brighter green than most other lemons. Moderately productive compared to Femminello.

The outstanding merit of this Italian variety is its Malsecco resistance(see the description of the disease above, in the description of the Santa Teresa variety). Therefore, until recently, it had the second distribution after Femminello in Italy. But otherwise it is inferior to Femileno, and at present Monacello is distributed only in those areas where the threat of the spread of Malsecco's disease is high.

Novogruzinsky

Vigorous growth tree, good leafy crown. A distinctive feature of flowers is the large size and lilac shade of the petals on the outside.

Fruits are larger than medium in size, elongated-oval and oblong-ovoid in shape. The skin is of medium thickness, firm. The aroma is strong. The pulp of the fruit is fine-grained, tender. The taste is delicate, with pleasant acidity and aroma. There are few seeds, they are often absent.

Brazilian

C. limon "dolce del brasile".

Sweet fruits, they can be safely eaten in slices, like an orange or tangerine. You can make delicious fresh juice out of it.

This lemon is native to Brazil, as its name suggests, the taste is pleasantly sweet. The fruits are round and juicy, without seeds. The plant loves the sun, partial shade is possible.

Genoa

Citrus × limon L. Burm.f.

The tree is weak, without thorns, with a well-leafy beautiful crown. Very productive, blooms and bears fruit throughout the year. The flowers are small. Fruits are large, 100-110 g, oblong, elongated-oval. The quality of the fruit is very high. The rind is thick and sweet without bitterness, light yellow. The pulp is tender, juicy, fragrant, grayish-yellowish or greenish-yellowish.

Genoa is a Californian variety that Webber (1943) refers to as difficult to distinguish from the Eureka type. Delivered from California to Chile, this variety turned out to be more energetic, densely leafy, cold-resistant there. It was introduced to California around 1875 from Genoa, Italy. Commercial value only in Argentina and Chile.

Salicifolia

Salicifolia lemon (C. limon salicifolia), willow.

Very prolific variety, undersized, with partially drooping branches. With typical narrow and long green leaves, similar to willow leaves, where the name comes from ( willow). Has a low growth rate, shoots tend to grow downward ("weeping crown shape", like a willow).

Medium to small juicy fruits, reminiscent of Lunario. The yellow rind is rather thick.

It is a high-yielding variety, rather shade-tolerant.

Fino

Citrus limon Burm. f. cv. Fino.

Fino lemon is a Spanish cultivar that is grown industrially. It is characterized by high yield, juicy and sour fruit pulp.

Frutto piccollo

Limone frutto piccolo.

High-yielding variety, medium-sized fruits. The taste is sour, pleasant, aromatic.

Pavlovsky

This lemon has been cultivated for a long time by the inhabitants of Pavlov, Gorky Region, variety folk selection. The most popular lemon variety among the inhabitants of the middle lane. This lemon is distinguished by high gustatory qualities, delicate aroma, pleasant, refreshing taste.

This small remontant (constantly flowering) plant, well adapted to indoor conditions, easily tolerates a lack of light. The fruits are rather large, oval, usually without seeds, with a thin fragrant rind. Pavlovsk lemons are large-fruited, reaching 300 - 500 g, but generally their weight is 120-150 g. Oval, round and oblong fruits are found in shape. Productivity is 20-30 fruits per tree, with good care up to hundreds of fruits. Propagated mainly by cuttings and partly by layering.

The limonarium, where the tub culture of Pavlovsk lemon is grown, propagated and subsequently sold, is located in the Bogorodsky fruit-growing state farm in the city of Bogorodsk, Nizhny Novgorod region.

The average thickness of the peel is 4-5 mm, but they are also found with a very thin peel, 2-3 mm.

The leaves of this variety are relatively large.

It grows in the form of a small bush or tree, reaching a height of 1-1.5 m, rarely 2 m, the crown is usually round, up to a meter in diameter. The branches sometimes have short thorns.

Of all the known lemons Pavlovsky is most adapted to room conditions... Trees of this variety easily tolerate dry air and insufficient illumination in living quarters, and even better grow in a slight darkening, and they do not tolerate bright sunlight.

The crown is formed by shortening the long branches. This variety is picky about soil fertility. Propagates well by cuttings.

Dorshapo

Sweet lemon Dorshapo. Sweet Lemon.

The name is derived from the names of the botanists Dorsetta, Shamela and Popenoa, who brought this plant in 1914 from Brazil. The fruits are slightly ribbed, the flesh is golden yellow, sweet.

Lemon variety with zero acidity... Fruits are pale yellow in color with a small number of almost spherical seeds. Fruit to taste unusually sweet have nothing to do with lemon flavor.

Dorshapo generally resembles the Eureka variety, except that it is completely acid-free. According to some authors, this variety can be attributed to sweet limes.

Tan Bianca

Lemon Zagara Bianca (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.). (Orange Blossom or Fior di arancio). Synonyms: Femminello a zagara bianca, Femminello fior d "arancio, Femminello fior d" arancio m 79, Femminello Zagara Bianca, Fior d "arancio, Fiori d" arancio, Zagara Bianco.

Femminello is a group of varieties of Italian origin. They differ mainly in terms of ripening.

Belongs to the group of varieties Femminello (Femminello).

Fast-growing (quickly reaches a great height), strongly branched tree, tall, without thorns. Leaves are elliptical, slightly rounded at the end. Young shoots and leaves are light green. The buds and flowers are white. The fruit is medium in size (130-160 g), has a typical lemon shape, with a yellow skin of medium thickness. The fruits are of excellent quality, very juicy and quite sour.

A characteristic feature of the Femminello group is the almost continuous year-round flowering and fruiting. A distinctive feature of this particular variety is its absolutely white flowers like the names: Zagara Bianca is a white flower, Orange Blossom and Fior di arancio is an orange flower (like an orange). Young shoots are light green, which is rare in lemons and more typical for oranges.

The variety is very productive. This is a real commercial Italian lemon. The fruits ripen from October to December, they can withstand transportation well. In winter temperatures that are too low, it can shed leaves.

New Zealand

The origin of this lemon is unknown. Has a similarity to citron. The scent of the leaves is similar to both citron and lemon. In shape, the fruits resemble eggs, in rare cases, the shape is cylindrical. The fruits are large, the weight can reach 600-800 g (length up to 20 cm!), The skin is quite thick, about 0.8 cm. The fruits are very juicy and sour.

Under natural conditions, this tree is up to 4 m high, shoots are rounded and ribbed, with a large number of spines 1-5 cm long.

Leaves 7-13 cm, large. The flowers are large, 4-6 cm in diameter, single and in small inflorescences (2-3 flowers each).

These plants can withstand temperatures down to -5 0 С without damage.

New Zealand lemon is highly decorative and can be widely used for landscaping interiors.

Chypre (Cyprus)

Lemon variety, characterized by a pyramidal form of growth, compact, densely leafy. Very beautiful foliage. Does not take up much space on the windowsill, although it can grow quite high.

Chypre has pear-shaped fruits, no sharp nose.

Interdonato

C. limon Interdonato.

The earliest of the Italian varieties, presumably a hybrid of lemon and citron, the fruit has good flavor characteristics. The plant grows quickly, without thorns, has a high yield, is resistant to malsecco damage ( disease description see above). Fruits are large, with a rough skin, weighing 120 grams, juicy pulp, ripen from September to October.

Lemon Interdonato has a yellow oblong fruit with a pronounced sour taste, which gives off bitterness. The main feature of this variety is early maturation.

Moderately productive, grown primarily due to early maturity. According to Burke (1962), it occupies the middle link between the varieties Femminello and Monachello in terms of malsecco resistance.

Lunario

Lunario Citrus limon (L.) Burm.). Four-season.

Synonyms: (L.) Amalfi, Cuatro Estaciones, de Palerme, de Sicile, des quatre saisons, Four Seasons, Lunari, Lunario Ambrojo, Palerme, Palmarito, Parmelitano, Quatre Saisons, Shahri, Siciliano, Todo del aco, Touil.

Sicilian variety known since the 19th century. The variety is called so because it blooms every new moon (lunario - monthly). High fertility and continuous flowering throughout the year. Among European citrus lovers, it is known as the Four-season lemon, a lemon of four seasons, because in each season you can find ripe fruits on the plant. Saplings bloom for 2-3 years.

Withstands drought well, medium-sized tree, thorny, wide oval, dark green leaves, purple-colored buds and grow one at a time or in clusters. The fruit is medium in size, the skin is smooth and thin, rich yellow when fully ripe. The pulp is greenish-yellow, not very juicy, slightly acidic, aromatic, very few (or not at all) seeds. Unlike other Italian varieties, it achieves maximum performance at maturity.

Great for growing in apartments... Most unpretentious medium-sized lemon. There is an opinion that this is a hybrid of lemon with papeda, according to other sources - a hybrid of lemon with citron.

Melarosa

Do not confuse bergamot melarosa and lemon melarosa (CITRUS BERGAMIA MELLAROSA and CITRUS LIMONUM MELLAROSA)... Mellarosa lemon (C. limon mellarosa) is often referred to as bergamot. This is likely due to the scent of the leaves, reminiscent of the scent of bergamot leaves.

It differs from bergamot in larger, elongated-oval or obovate, similar to a large lemon, fruits with an average weight of about 190 g. Used as bergamot, not found in the wild.

The plant is small, compact and high-yielding. The flowers are medium in size, fragrant, white to slightly purple in color, growing mainly in clusters. The fruits are spherical and flattened at the ends, with grooves along the fruit, which gives them a characteristic appearance. The peel is thin, lemon-yellow in color, turns orange when ripe. The pulp is juicy, sour, the taste is pleasant, the seeds are absent.

Antico di rosso

Lemon Antico Di Rocca.

A very popular and still rare lemon variety. Rosso Lemon (Limonymedica Pigmentata) is a hybrid of lemon and citron.

Antico Di Rocca Imperiale belongs to the Femminello group.

The fruit is elongated, medium in size and weighing more than 100 grams; the juice content is very high, the seeds are usually absent, the aroma of the peel is very intense and pleasant.

Bizzaro

C. limon Bizzarro.

High-yielding variety. Fruits with pronounced tuberous grooves. The pulp is sour, juicy, aromatic. There are no seeds.

Bizzaro is a variety that stands out not only for its high yield, but also for the very unusual teardrop shape of bright yellow fruits with pronounced longitudinal outgrowths on a thick skin.

The juicy pulp has a wonderful aroma and a refreshingly sour pleasant lemon flavor.

Panderosa

Panderoza(Canadian lemon).

A hybrid of lemon with pompelmus. A dwarf variety, has short, thick branches with tough, dark green rounded leaves, it blooms profusely. Sometimes it begins to bloom already at the stage of a rooted cutting, which interferes with growth. Large white flowers with a cream shade are often collected in a cluster. It usually enters the fruiting stage in the 2nd year.

The fruits are tied round or pear-shaped with a thick lumpy skin (up to 1 cm). Fruits, as a rule, are few. But the size of the fruit is larger than that of other varieties. Average fruit weight 500-700 g, up to a kilogram.

Waniglia

vaniglia rotondo

In the Tintori nursery it goes under the variety Dolce del Brasile (Limone dolce del brasile).

C. limon Vaniglia.

Vanilla lemon.

Citrus limon Vainiglia is one of sweet lemons, which is also called vanilla lemon. The fruits are round in shape, the flesh is sweet with a vanilla aroma.

The variety requires well-drained, sandy soils rich in minerals, does not like waterlogging of the soil in winter.

Of all citrus fruits, this variety is one of the most suitable for growing in apartments with central heating.

Peretta

Lemon Peretta (Citrus limon Peretta), which means "Pear" lemon. The fruits are pear-shaped. Synonyms: Citrus Peretta Risso, Pera, Peretta of France, Peretto de Firenze. Dr. W. T. Swingle and Tintori have classified this cultivar as Citrus limon (L).

A very old variety that has been cultivated in the Medici collection since the 17th century.

The tree is powerful (from one and a half to 2 m), grows upward. The crown is dense, branches with short internodes and small thorns. Fruits are medium in size. When fully ripe, the fruit is light yellow and has a thick citron-like skin. Pulp sweetish with a weak aroma.

This variety is suitable stock for tangerines.

The fruits ripen all year round.

Canaliculata di palermo

Citrus x aurantium L. subf. canaliculata.

C. limon "Canaliculata di Palermo".

Volcamerian

C. volkameriana. Citrus volkameriana V. Ten. & Pasq. Citrus limonia Osbeck "Volkameriana". Citrus x limonia. Citrus × limon "Volkamer".

Possibly a hybrid of a lemon and a Seville orange. An ancient species that was described by Ferrari in his treatise on citrus plants in 1646. Hardy, more agricultural than lemon, with erect branches and rather small, dark green elliptical leaves. The new shoots and flowers are purple, and the medium-sized fruit is round and bright, orange when ripe, with a sour juice like lemon. The taste is sour with a slight bitterness, the aroma is pleasant and fresh. It can be used in cooking instead of lemon.

Slightly smaller than lemon trees, it blooms and bears fruit abundantly. Beautiful dense foliage.

It is used as a rootstock for other citrus fruits due to its high resistance to many diseases.

Oval de Sorrento

Ovale Di Sorrento.

A variety from Italy. The tree is tall and strong, the bush is dense, growing more upward, there are few thorns, the flowers are snow-white. Fruits are ovoid, large (130-160 g, at least 85 g), lemon-yellow peel, bumpy, of medium thickness. There are few or no seeds at all. Matures in October, withstands transportation well.

IGP - a special quality mark, Indicazione Geografica Protetta, is awarded to those products that are associated with a specific geographic area.

Sorrento lemon is also called "Sorrento oval" and "Massa lemon", it possesses special taste characteristics and has an IGP category.

The rind of Sorrento lemons is thick, nostril and incredibly aromatic thanks to the large amount of essential oils.

Eureka
(has many almost indistinguishable clones with the following names: Allen (Allen), Cook (Cook), Cascade (Cascade), Meek (Mick), Ross (Ross), Wheatley or Thornton (Wheatley / Thornton)
Fruits are small to medium-sized, oblong, sometimes pear-shaped; usually with a short "neck"; usually with a small nipple (although sometimes it is significant), often surrounded by a groove. There are few seeds, sometimes no seeds at all. The color is yellow when ripe. Medium-thick tight-fitting rind; its surface is porous, slightly wrinkled, usually with small longitudinal grooves. Lobules usually 10. The pulp is greenish-yellow; fine-grained, tender, juicy; very sour. Yields throughout the year, but mainly in late winter, spring and early summer.
The tree is medium in size, spreading, practically without thorns; less leafy compared to the Lisbon tree; mostly fruits are found at the ends of long branches. Compared to most other varieties, "Eureka" is more sensitive to cold, harmful effects of insects; the tree's lifespan is shorter.
The Eureka fruit is significantly different from the Lisbon fruit, the other main lemon variety in California. They are noticeably more pointed, have a slightly rougher surface and usually a less pronounced nipple. The differences between trees are even more significant. In addition to the above, the leaves of "Eureka" are darker and less spiky.
It is believed that "Eureka" was one of the seedlings of lemons in Los Angeles, California, grown from the seeds of the fruit of Italian origin in 1858. Several years later, Andrew Boyle and S. R. Workman purchased some of the seedlings of this lemon and selected some of the most promising. Around 1877 S.R. Workman supplied Thomas A. Garey, a prominent Los Angeles citrus grower, with Eureka saplings, who in turn propagated and distributed it under the name Garey's Eureka. and due to its virtually thornlessness, it quickly became the main competitor of the Lisbon lemons. Both varieties remain the main varieties in California and around the world. Eureka is considered the main export lemon in many countries, with the exception of Italy. , Spain and several other Mediterranean countries.Rousseau in 1955 expressed the opinion that "Eureka" is included (along with citron) in the "pedigree" of the lemon "Lunario".

According to Australian studies, Eureka lemon is incompatible with rootstocks such as Poncirus tripoliata, citrumelo and citrange (Troyer, Carrizo).

There is still variegated variety"Eureka". Besides the fact that it has variegated leaves, the flesh of its fruits is pink.

The botanical name Citrus aurantiifolia is popularly known as Lime, literally aurantium - orange or golden, literally translated as golden citrus.

Synonyms and Common Names: Lime Lime, Common lime, Sour lime or Acid lime, Mexican lime Mexican lime, West Indian lime, Large lime Large lime, Key lime

Native to the lime Citrus aurantiifolia from Southeast Asia. The cultural path of lime passed through the Middle East (Iraq, Persia - first cultivated) to North Africa, then to Sicily and Andalusia, and later with Spanish explorers to the West Indies. From the Caribbean, lime spread to tropical and subtropical countries in North America, including Mexico, Florida, and later California.

Varieties:

• "Kai" Oval Thai lime
• "Paan" Thai ball lime
• "lumia" French lime, Pear lemon, Sweet lemon French lime, Pear lemon, Sweet lemon.

Garnish and spice for fish and meat, spicing up soft drinks, "limeade". Lime pie is currently mostly made from frozen Tahitian lime concentrate. According to a report from Brazil, lemons and sour limes are locally called "limao" and are planted about 6 percent of all citrus fruits. Tahitian lime plantations are growing rapidly and currently account for about 50 percent of all sour fruits planted. Mexican lime comes next on the list at about 22 percent, but most of its plantations are growing poorly due to the Tristeza virus disease *, which causes stem ulceration.

Lemon Eureka, locally called "Siciliano", accounts for another 20 percent. The main harvesting season for lemons and limes lasts from December to March.

Mandarin

Botanical name Mesh citrus Citrus reticulata Blanco - popularly Mandarin Mandarin

Synonyms and popular names: Citrus x nobilis, Common mandarin, True mandarin, Mandarin orange, Culate mandarin, Suntara orange.

• Class 1,
• Class 2, Tangerine
• Class 3, Satsuma (sometimes referred to as Emerald Tangerine)

Homeland - Vietnam, South China, and Japan. 500 BC. was known in China, 300 BC. commercial cultivation began in central China.

Varieties and varieties:

• "Tangerine" Tangerine
• "Tangerine cv. Clementine" Loose rind mandarin, Mandarin orange, Clementine, Algerian tangerine - (loose rind) mandarin, Clementine, Algerian tangerine
• "Dancy" Red tangerine, Dancy tangerine, Red tangerine
• "poonensis", "Ponkan" Chinese honey orange, Chinese honey orange
• "chachiensis" Chachi mandarin
• "deliciosa" Mediterranean mandarin, Tangerine, Italian tangerine, Mediterranean mandarin, Tangerine, Italian tangerine
• "erythrosa" Red-skinned orange
• "salicifolia" Willow-leaved mandarin
• "satsuma" Satsuma orange, Emerald Tangerine, Satsuma orange, Emerald Tangerine
• "unshiu" Unshiu orange, Unshu mandarin, Mandarin orange, Japanese mandarin, Satsuma mandarin, Unshiu orange, Unshiu mandarin, mandarin, Japanese mandarin, Satsuma mandarin.

Tangerines and tangerines of all varieties are mainly used for food fresh, slices are used in fruit salads, etc. Some types are candied. Tangerine, formerly known as Citrus nobilis var. tangeriana has the sweetest fruits with a thin skin and almost no seeds. Tangier is a port city in Morocco, so when people talk about Moroccan mandarins, they are most likely sweet, tasty fruits. The difference between tangerines and ordinary tangerines is the bright orange or red color of the fruit (other tangerines have yellow-orange).

Citron

Botanical name Citrus medicinal Citrus medica - popularly Citron Citron

It is believed to have originated from India, spread in ancient times to the Middle East and China. For 300 years BC. was known in Greece, 20 years BC. grown in Italy. In shape, Citron fruits are usually ovoid or oblong, tapering towards the end, the shape varies greatly, the peel is dense, tough, lumpy. Citron fruits have a very thick albedo layer, many seeds. Leaves are green with a lemon scent, slightly serrated edges, oval-lanceolate or ovate elliptical, large, up to 17 cm in length. Petioles are usually wingless or with small lionfish. Citron grows very vigorously, practically does not have a dormant period, blooms several times a year.

Varieties:

• "Corsican" Corsican citron, Corsican citron
• "Diamante" Italian citron, Italian citron
• Palestine Palestine citron
• "bajoura" Musk citron, Musk citron tree, Musk citron
• "dulcis" Sweet citron, Sweet lemon, Mediterranean sweet limetta, Sweet citron, Sweet lemon, Mediterranean sweet limetta
• "dulcis Corsican" Corsican sweet citron
• "riversii" Bijou lime, Delicate lime
• "sarcodactylis" Fingered citron, Citron Buddha's Hand

After boiling to soften the taste and soften the peel, it is candied in strong sugar syrup.

Pomelo

Botanical name Citrus maxima Citrus maxima - popularly Pomelo Pomelo

Synonyms and Popular Names: Citrus grandis, Shaddock Shaddock, Thai grapefruit, West Indian pomelo

Comes from South and Southeast Asia. Fruits are large, 15-25 centimeters, reaching a weight of 1-2 kg, usually pale green to yellow when ripe, sweet with white (or, less often, pink) flesh and very thick albedo. It tastes sweeter than grapefruit, very little bitterness. The leaves are juicy green, on short petioles with pronounced rounded lionfish.

Varieties:

• grandis "pyriformis" Chinese pear-shaped pomelo
• grandis "shangyuan" Ichang lemon, Yichang lemon
• maxima "Kao Hawm" Round white-fleshed Thai pomelo
• maxima "Kao Nam Pueung" Pear-shaped Thai pomelo, White-fleshed Thai pomelo, Thai pear-shaped pomelo, Thai white-fleshed pomelo
• maxima "Kao Paen" Flattened Thai pomelo
• maxima "Kao Thong Dee" Pink-fleshed Thai pomelo

It is used in the same way as an orange, but more difficult to peel.

Citrus hybrids

Ancient citrus hybrids

Lemon

Synonyms and popular names: Lemon Lemon.

Varieties:

• Lemon Eureka "Eureka" Eureka lemon, Italian lemon Italian lemon, American lemon American lemon,
• Variegated lemon "variegata" Variegated lemon, Pink-fleshed lemon,

Lemon wedges are served as a garnish for fish or meat, or with cold or hot tea. Lemon juice is used in lemonades, pies, other desserts, cooking and pharmaceuticals.

Orange

Botanical name Citrus sinensis Chinese citrus is a hybrid between pomelo and mandarin (other ancestors and later than the orange). In the annals, the orange is found in China around 1100 AD, and in India around 1300 AD.

Synonyms and popular names: Orange Orange, Sweet Orange

Varieties:

• "Jaffa" Palestine orange
• "Valencia" Valencia orange, Valencia Orange
• "Washington Navel" or "brasiliensis" Bahia orange, Brazilian navel, Navel orange, Brazilian orange
• (Blood Group) cv. "Maltese Blood" Maltese blood orange
• (Blood Group) cv. "Sanguine" Blood orange
• (Navel Group) cv. "Lane" s Late "Lane" s late navel orange, Australian navel orange, Australian orange
• (Navel Group) cv. "Leng" Leng navel orange, Early Australian navel orange, Thin-skinned navel,
• (Navel Group) cv. Washington Navel, Orange Washington Navel, Seedless sweet orange, Loose-skinned sweet orange, Washington pointed orange, seedless sweet orange, free-skinned sweet orange.

Oranges are usually eaten fresh, or as orange juice, slices are used in fruit salads, and the like.

Orange

Botanical name Citrus aurantium Citron golden is a hybrid between pomelo and mandarin. It comes from China, in the annals it is found about 300 BC. In Japan, it is found in the annals of about 100 A.D. Around 100 BC sour orange appears in Rome.

Synonyms and popular names: Sour Orange, Bitter Orange, Seville Orange

Varieties:

• "bergamia" Bergamot orange, Bergamot, Lemon bergamot, Bergamot. Grown in southern Italy, the peel is used to extract oil for the perfume industry
• "bigardia" Bigarade orange, Bigaradia
• "buxifolia" Box-leaved orange
• "crispifolium" Curled leaf orange, Curly (?) orange
• "myrtifolia" Chinotto orange, Myrtle-leaved orange, Myrtle-leaf orange (USA), Ornamental orange, Chinotto, Myrtle orange, Myrtle orange, Ornamental orange
• "Rough Seville" Seville orange, Spanish orange, Rough Seville orange, Spanish orange
• "Smooth Seville" Smooth-skinned seville orange

The main use of sour oranges is making marmalade, in this they are unmatched.

Modern citrus hybrids

Grapefruit

Botanical name Citrus x paradisi Citrus of paradise is a hybrid between sweet orange and pomelo. The origin is apparently from the island of Barbados, around 1750.

Synonyms and Popular Names: Common grapefruit, Western grapefruit

Varieties:

• (Pink-fleshed Group) cv. "Foster" Pink-fleshed grapefruit
• (Pink-fleshed Group) cv. "Red Blush" Red-fleshed grapefruit
• (Pink-fleshed Group) cv. "Ruby" Reddish-rind grapefruit, Seedless pink-fleshed grapefruit, "Ruby" grapefruit, Reddish-rind grapefruit, Seedless pink-fleshed grapefruit, "Ruby" grapefruit
• (Pink-fleshed Group) cv. "Thompson" Pink-fleshed grapefruit, "Thompson" grapefruit, Pink grapefruit, Thompson's grapefruit
• (White-fleshed Group) cv. "Duncan" White-fleshed grapefruit, "Duncan" grapefruit, White grapefruit, Duncan's grapefruit
• (White-fleshed Group) cv. "Marsh" Seedless white-fleshed grapefruit, "Marsh" grapefruit, Seedless white-fleshed grapefruit, Grapefruit Marsh
• (White-fleshed Group) cv. "Ray Ruby" "Ray Ruby" grapefruit, Pomelo "Ray Ruby", Grapefruit "Ruby Ray", Pomelo "Ruby Ray"
• (White-fleshed Group) cv. "Wheeny" "Wheeny" grapefruit, Vini's grapefruit

It is used to make grapefruit juice, or, chilled, cut in half, the slices are peeled and separated from each other with a special knife

Tangelo

Botanical name Citrus x tangelo Citrus Tangelo or simply Tangelo.

Previously described as a hybrid between grapefruit and tangerine: Citrus paradisi x Citrus reticulata, however, in the most important taxonomic list ThePlantList (theplantlist.org) appears as a synonym for Pomeranian Citrus aurantium, it can probably be considered a variety.

Varieties:

• Agli "Ugli" Ugli fruit Jamaican hybrid

Tangor

Varieties:

• "Castle" orange "Temple" Temple Orange

Broadleaf citrus

Rangpur

Botanical name: Citrus lemon Citrus x limonia - a hybrid between mandarin and lime, very cold-resistant. The fruit is highly sour, with orange peel and pulp. It is widely used as a rootstock for other citrus fruits.

Synonyms and popular names: Rangpur Rangpur, Lemandarin lemon, Chinese lemon, Medicinal lemon, Cantonese lemon Canton lemon or Cantonese lemon, Mandarin lemon lemon, Mandarin lime Mandarin lime. Photo

Varieties:

• "gaoganensis" Gaogan lemon
• "hainanensis" Hainan Island lemon
• "khatta" Khatta orange
• "otaitensis" Otaheite orange
• "rangpur" Rangpur lime

Kumquat

Botanical name: Citrus Japanese Citrus japonica (formerly Fortunella margarita).

Other names and synonyms: Kumquat Cunquates, Fortunella Fortunella or Kinkan Kinkan.

Previously, the genus Fortunella included about 13 species names. However, the botanical community, with more careful modern research, leaves the only species in the Fortunella genus, Fortunella venosa. And fortunella, the fruits of which can be sold in the grocery chain, is precisely Japanese Citrus (see ThePlantList). These fruits differ in shape - oblong, small, no more than 5 cm, orange, sweet and sour.

It is eaten whole, often sold as candied fruit (canned in sugar syrup). Photo

Calamondin

Botanical name: Citrus microcarpa Citrus x microcarpa is a hybrid between mandarin and kumquat. Previously, kumquat belonged to the genus Fortunella, and therefore Calamodin did not belong to the Citrus genus hybrids, however, in modern taxonomy, the kumquat has the name Japanese Citrus Citrus japonica, and therefore Calamondin, by right of blood, is, so to speak, a citrus hybrid.

Other names and synonyms: Calamondin Calamondin, Citrofortunella microcarpa Citrofortunella microcarpa, Golden lime, China orange, Kalamansi lime, Panama orange, Musklime orange, Musklime lime, Philippine lime.

Calamondine halves or quarters are served with iced tea, seafood, meat, and sour juice is prepared from it. Photo

Tripoliata

Botanical name: Citrus trifoliata Citrus trifoliata, approved name (see ThePlantList). Although some sources still point out the genus Poncirus in isolation, Tripoliata is quite unambiguous about citrus fruits. The fruit is small, about 6 cm in diameter, round, golden in color, inedible.

Other names and synonyms: Poncirus three-leafed Poncirus trifoliata, Three-leafed lemon, Three-leafed orange. Photo

Tripoliata is the most cold-resistant citrus, tolerates frosts down to minus 20 degrees, and therefore is widely used as a rootstock for other species and hybrids of citrus fruits.

Citrange

Botanical name: Citrus hybrid Citroncirus Webberi. A hybrid between tripoliate and sweet orange Citrus sinensis x Citrus trifoliata or Citrange Citrange

The fruits are tasty, but bitter, used in the preparation of drinks, jam, marmalade. Frost resistance is worse than that of tripolyates - up to minus 10 degrees - the hybrid was created in order to bring out a cold-resistant orange.

Citranjquat

Botanical name: Citrus hybrid Citroncirus Citrangequat is a hybrid between Citrange (tripoliata and orange) and Kumquat, in other words: Citrus sinensis x Citrus trifoliata x Citrus japonica.

The tree is low, slow-growing, practically without thorns. Fruits are round or oval, usually with a neck, few or no seeds at all. It is eaten fresh, it is used to make lemonade and marmalade.

Limequat

Botanical name: Citrus Florida Citrus x floridana, popularly known as Limequat Limequat, is a hybrid between kumquat and lime.

The fruit is small, oval, greenish-yellow in color, with a sweet skin and bitter, very sour pulp; there are many seeds. It is used as a whole food.

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* Tristetsa citrus (Portuguese Tristeza) is a viral disease of citrus crops grafted on bigaradia and lime stocks. Distributed in tropical and subtropical zones. It is absent in the USSR, an object of external quarantine. It is characterized by the withering away of conductive tissues at the place where the scion grows together with the stock. With a weak lesion, chlorosis of the leaves develops, their plate curls, they dry out and fall off. With severe damage, individual branches and whole trees die off. In diseased plants, shoot formation is weakened, the roots rot; such trees bloom earlier and more abundantly, but the fruits are small and fall off prematurely. The virus is transmitted with planting and grafting material, citrus, melons and other aphids, dodder Cuscuta subinclusa. Control measures: checking the imported material in the introduction-quarantine nurseries for three years; application of c resistant to T. rootstocks of tripolyates and rangpur lime; treatment against insect vectors of the disease.