What is Anna Snegina's letter to the main character? Interesting Facts. You may be interested

Russian literature is rich in iconic personalities who made a significant contribution to the era and influenced an entire generation. Of course, Sergei Yesenin is one of them. Many people know his poems, but not everyone is familiar with the biography. Correcting this annoying omission is quite simple. You can get to know the wider world of the author better in the book by Sergei Yesenin "Anna Snegina". The content of the work tells about a poet who visited long-forgotten places, which allowed him to experience a wave of feeling that has not cooled down over the years. The book is easy to read and rich in weighty verbal expressions. Now, without a dictionary, it is difficult to understand all the jargon of that time, but they had the effect of life's believability on the work.

Intersection of characters with real people

Sergei Yesenin took all his characters from his own life experience. Anna's prototype was Lydia Ivanovna Kashina. Other heroes do not bear complete resemblance to real people. But these are all the characters of the poet's fellow villagers. Although there is much in common between Pron Ogloblin and Pyotr Yakovlevich Mochalin. Two at one time were engaged in the propaganda of Lenin's ideas.

The identity of the author in the work

The miller often calls the protagonist Sergusha, and yet there is no one hundred percent coincidence between the author and his character. According to Anna's description, the portrait of the narrator is similar to the appearance of the poet. But this cannot be said for sure. Nevertheless, the analysis of Yesenin's poem ("Anna Snegina") can be done relying on the fact that the book is autobiographical.

Also in one of the conversations, the main character says that his character is due to the fact that he was born in the fall (Sergei Alexandrovich was born on October 3). According to the poem, he comes to the village of Radovo, in reality, in 1917-1918, Yesenin visited the village of Konstantinovo. Like his character, he is very tired of the war events. I wanted to relax and calm my nerves, which is easiest to do far from the capital.

Even a brief summary of Anna Snegina shows how much the author has put his own experiences into the poem.

The image of Anna Snegina

The image of the first love, Anna Snegina, is partially copied from a real woman named Lidia Ivanovna Kashina (years of life 1886-1937). Before the revolution, she lived in (in the poem Radovo), where the poet came from and where the book hero came to hide from military tragedies. In 1917, her house passed into the ownership of the peasants, and Lidia Ivanovna moved to another estate. Yesenin often visited both the parental and the other house. But, most likely, there was no story at the gate with a girl in a white cape and a gentle "no". Kashina had two children who loved Sergei very much. Her relationship with her own husband was not very close.

In 1918 Lydia moved to Moscow and worked as a stenographer in the capital. They also saw each other often in the city. Unlike Anna, Lydia did not move to London. The real Kashina is very different from the character invented by the poet, such as Anna Snegina. The analysis showed that there are many inconsistencies in the characteristics of these two figures. Nevertheless, the image of the main character came out mysterious and exciting.

Arrival to Radovo

From the first lines of the poem, the author introduces us to the atmosphere of the village of Radovo. According to him, the village would appeal to anyone looking for peace and comfort. There is a lot of water, fields and pastures near the forests, there are lands planted with poplars. In general, the peasants lived well, but the authorities increased taxes over time.

In the village next door, Kriushi, things were getting worse, so residents cut down the forest near Radovo. The two sides met, which led to bloody consequences. Since then, problems began in the village.

Such news is heard by the narrator on the way.

We learn that Yesenin, from whom the story goes, decides to forget all the hardships of the war with his arrival in the village. The summary of "Anna Snegina" is also the experience of the narrator. He shares his thoughts on the absurdity of war and the unwillingness to fight for merchants and nobles who remain in the rear. Yesenin chooses a different fate for himself and is ready for a different kind of courage. From now on, he calls himself the first deserter.

After the author has paid the cabman in excess of the norm, he goes to the mill. There he is warmly welcomed by the owner and his wife. From their conversation we learn that Sergei came for a year. Then she remembers the girl in the white cape, that at the gate she kindly said “no” to him. Thus ends the first chapter of the poem.

Acquaintance of the reader with Anna

The miller calls the hero Sergusha when he wakes him up for breakfast, and he himself says that he is going to the landowner Snegina. On the way, Yesenin admires the beauty of the April garden and, against his will, remembers the cripples of the war.

During breakfast, the author talks to the "old woman", the miller's wife, who is one of the characters in the poem "Anna Snegina". The summary of her monologue is a complaint about the troubles that came to them after the overthrow of tsarism. The woman also remembers about a man named Pron Ogloblin. It was he who was the killer during the fight in the forest.

During the conversation, the narrator decides to visit Kriushi.

On the way he meets a miller. He says that when he shared his joy about the arrival of the guest, the young, married Anna, the daughter of the hosts, was delighted. She said that when the poet was young, he was in love with her. During this, the miller smiled slyly, but Yesenin's crafty words do not offend. Sergei thinks that it would be nice to have a little romance with a beautiful soldier.

The village of Kriushi greeted him with rotten houses. An argument about new laws flared up close by. Sergei greeted his old friends and began to answer the peasants' questions that were pouring in from all sides. When asked: "Who is Lenin?" - answers: "He is you."

Feelings of Anna and Sergey

The third chapter of the poem begins with the author's poor health. He was delirious for several days and did not understand much of what kind of guest the miller went for him. When the hero woke up, he realized that the figure in the white dress was his old friend. Further in the poem, they recall the past days, there we learn their brief content. Anna Snegina has not been in his life since his youth. It was with her that he sat under the gate. The woman talks about how they dreamed of glory together, Yesenin achieved his goal, and Anna forgot about dreams because of the young officer, who became her husband.

The poet does not like thoughts about the past, but he does not dare to express his point of view on the chosen topic. Smoothly Anna begins to reproach him for drinking, which the whole country knows about, asks what is their reason. Yesenin only pours jokes. Snegina asks if he loves someone, Sergei replies: "No". They parted at dawn, when feelings that had raged there at sixteen renewed in the poet's heart.

After a while, he receives a note from Ogloblin. He calls Yesenin to go with him to Anna and ask for land. He reluctantly agrees.

Some kind of grief happened in Anna's house, what exactly is unknown to the poet. From the threshold Ogloblin asks for land. The demand for the allotment remains unanswered. Anna's mother thinks that the man has come to her daughter and invites him. Yesenin enters the room. Anna Snegina mourns her husband, who died in the war and reproaches the guest for cowardice. After such words, the poet decides to leave the woman alone with his grief and go to the tavern.

Separation of the main characters

In the fourth chapter, Yesenin tries to forget about Anna. But everything changes, and Ogloblin comes to power together with his lazy brother. They waste no time describing the Snegins' house along with property and livestock. The miller takes the housewives to his place. The woman apologizes for her words. Former lovers talk a lot. Anna recalls the dawn they met when they were young. The next evening, the women headed in an unknown direction. Sergey also leaves to dispel sadness and sleep.

A letter of hope

Further, the poem "Anna Snegina" tells about the six post-revolutionary years. The summary of subsequent events is as follows: the miller sends a letter to Yesenin, where he says that Ogloblin was shot by the Cossacks. Meanwhile, his brother was hiding in the straw. He sincerely asks Sergei to visit him. The poet agrees and sets off. He is greeted with joy, as before.

An old friend gives him a letter with a London stamp from Anna. She writes simply and ironically, but through the text the poet captures her feeling of love. Yesenin goes to bed and looks again, as he did so many years ago, at the gate, where once a girl in a white cape said affectionately “no”. But this time Sergey Aleksandrovich concludes that in those years we loved, but it turns out that they loved us too.

Themes of the work

The events in the work begin in 1917. The last, fifth chapter is dated 1923. The war between two villages, which is interpreted as a civil war, stands in a bright accent in the poem. A parallel can be drawn between the Snegins' estate and the power, this symbolizes the failure of tsarism.

And although in a letter to a friend Sergei Yesenin wrote that he is now worried and his muse has left him, nevertheless the work "Anna Snegina" can be easily attributed to the "pearls" of Russian literature.

"Anna Snegina" is an autobiographical poem by Sergei Yesenin, completed by him already before his death - by the end of January 1925. It is not only the fruit of the author's rethinking of the October Revolution and its consequences for the people, but also a demonstration of the poet's attitude to revolutionary events. He not only evaluates, but also experiences them from the standpoint of an artist and a small person who has become a hostage of circumstances.

Russia in the first half of the twentieth century remained a country with a low level of literacy, which soon underwent significant changes. As a result of a series of revolutionary uprisings, the first political parties arose, thus, the people became a full participant in public life. In addition, the development of the fatherland was influenced by global shocks: in 1914-1918. The Russian Empire was involved in the First World War, and in 1918-1921, it was torn apart by the civil war. Therefore, the era in which the poem was written is already called the era of the "Soviet Republic". Yesenin showed this turning point in history on the example of the fate of a little man - himself in a lyrical image. The drama of the era is reflected even in the size of the verse: the three-legged amphibrach, which Nekrasov loved so much and used as a universal form for his accusatory civic lyrics. This size is more consistent with the epic than the light poems of Sergei Alexandrovich.

The action takes place on the Ryazan land during the spring from 1917 to 1923. The author shows the real space, describes the real Russian area: "The village, then our Radovo ...". The use of place names in the book is not accidental. They are important for creating metaphorical space. Radovo is the literary prototype of Konstantinovo, the place where Sergei Alexandrovich was born and raised. A specific art space not only "ties" the depicted world to certain topographic realities, but also actively influences the essence of the depicted. And the village of Kriusha too (Yesenin calls Kriushi in the poem) really exists in the Klepikovsky district of the Ryazan region, which is located in the vicinity of the Rybnovsky district, where the village of Konstantinovo is located.

"Anna Snegina" was written by S. Yesenin during his 2nd trip to the Caucasus in 1924-1925. This was the most intense creative period of the poet, when he could write easily as never before. And he wrote this voluminous work in one gulp, the work brought him genuine joy. As a result, it turned out to be an autobiographical lyrical epic poem. It contains the originality of the book, since it contains two types of literature at once: epic and lyric poetry. Historical events are epic beginnings; the hero's love is lyrical.

What is the poem about?

Yesenin's work consists of 5 chapters, each of which reveals a certain stage in the life of the country. Composition in the poem "Anna Snegina" it is cyclical: it begins and ends with Sergei's arrival in his native village.

Yesenin, first of all, set priorities for himself: what is on the way with him? Analyzing the situation under the influence of social cataclysms, he chooses for himself the good old past, where there was no such fierce enmity between relatives and friends. Thus, the main idea of \u200b\u200bthe work "Anna Snegina" is that the poet does not find a place for man in the new aggressive and cruel reality. The struggle has poisoned the minds and souls, the brother goes against the brother, and life is measured by the force of pressure or blow. Whatever ideals are behind this transformation, they are not worth it - this is the verdict of the author of post-revolutionary Russia. The poem clearly revealed the discord between the official party ideology and the philosophy of the creator, and Sergei Alexandrovich was never forgiven for this discrepancy.

However, the author did not find himself in the emigre share either. Showing disdain for Anna's letter, he marks the gap between them, because he cannot accept her moral choice. Yesenin loves his homeland and cannot leave it, especially in this state. Snegina left irrevocably, as the past is leaving, and for Russia the disappearance of the nobility is a historical fact. Even if the poet seems to new people to be a relic of the past with his snotty humanism, he will remain in his native land alone with his nostalgia for yesterday, to which he is so devoted. This self-sacrifice expresses the idea of \u200b\u200bthe poem "Anna Snegina", and in the image of a girl in a white cape, a peaceful patriarchal Russia appears in the narrator's mind's eye, with which he is still in love.

Criticism

For the first time, fragments from the work "Anna Snegina" were published in 1925 in the magazine "City and Village", but the full-scale publication was only in the late spring of this year in the newspaper "Baku Worker". Yesenin himself put the book very highly and said about it like this: "In my opinion, this is the best thing that I have written." The poet VF Nasedkin confirms this in his memoirs: “He read this poem to his literary friends most willingly then. It was evident that he liked her more than other poems. "

Critics were afraid to cover such an eloquent reproach to the new government. Many avoided speaking in print about the new book or responded indifferently. On the other hand, judging by the circulation of the newspaper, the poem aroused genuine interest among the ordinary reader.

According to the Izvestia newspaper of March 14, 1925, number 60, we can establish that the first public reading of the poem Anna Snegina took place in the Herzen House at a meeting of a group of writers called Pass. The reaction of the listeners was negative or indifferent; during the emotional declaration of the poet, they were silent and showed no interest in any way. Some even tried to summon the author to discuss the work, but he abruptly rejected such requests and left the hall in frustrated feelings. He asked only Aleksandr Konstantinovich Voronsky (literary critic, editor of the Krasnaya Nov 'magazine) for an opinion about the work. “Yes, I like her,” he said, maybe that's why the book is dedicated to him. Voronsky was a prominent member of the party, but fought for the freedom of art from state ideology. For this he was shot under Stalin.

Of course, Nekrasov's straightforwardness, simplicity of style and florid content, so unusual for Yesenin, prompted Soviet critics to assume that the poet was "written out." They preferred to evaluate only the form and style of the scandalous work "Anna Snegina", without going into details in the form of details and images. A modern publicist, Alexander Tenenbaum, ironically notes that "Sergei was condemned by the critics, whose names have already become utterly lost today."

There is a theory that the Chikists understood the anti-government overtones of the poem and dealt with Yesenin by staging the suicide of a desperate creative person. A phrase that is interpreted by some people as praise to Lenin: “Tell me, Who is Lenin? I quietly replied: He is you, ”- in fact, it means that the leader of the nations is the leader of bandits and drunkards, like Pron Ogloblin, and a coward-deserter, like his brother. Indeed, the poet does not at all praise the revolutionaries, but exposes them in a caricature form.

Interesting? Keep it on your wall!

The poem by Sergei Yesenin "Anna Snegina" is studied in the 11th grade in literature lessons. The author himself considered it his best work: he put into the poem all his skill, the most touching memories of his youth and a mature, slightly romantic look at past relationships. The story of the poet's unrequited love is not the main one in the work - it takes place against the background of global events in Russian history - war and revolution. In our article you will find a detailed analysis of the poem according to plan and a lot of useful information when preparing for a lesson or test tasks.

Brief analysis

Year of writing - January 1925.

History of creation - written in the Caucasus in 1925 “in one breath”, based on memories of the past and rethinking the historical events of 1917-1923.

Theme - the main themes are the themes of homeland, love, revolution and war.

Composition - consists of 5 chapters, each of which characterizes a certain period in the life of the country and the lyrical hero.

Genre - lyroepic poem (as defined by the author). Researchers of Yesenin's work call her a story in verse or a poetic novella.

Direction- an autobiographical work.

History of creation

The poem "Anna Snegina" was written by Yesenin in January 1925, shortly before his death. At that time he was in the Caucasus and wrote a lot. The work, according to the author, was written easily and quickly, in one breath. Yesenin himself was extremely pleased with himself, considered the poem his best work. It rethinks the events of the revolution, military actions, political events and their consequences for Russia.

The poem is deeply autobiographical, the prototype of Anna Snegina was the poet's acquaintance Lidia Ivanovna Kashina, who married a nobleman, a White Guard officer, became a distant and alien. In their youth, they were inseparable, and at a more mature age, Yesenin accidentally met Lydia, and this was the impetus for writing a poem.

The meaning of the name quite simple: the author chose a fictitious name with the meaning of pure, white snow, the image of which appears in the work several times: through delirium during illness, in the poet's memories. Snegina remained pure, inaccessible and distant for the lyrical hero, which is why her image is so attractive and dear to him. Critics and the public took the poem coldly: it was unlike other works, political issues and bold images frightened off friends from comments and assessments. The poem is dedicated to Alexander Voronsky - a revolutionary and literary critic. In its full version, it was published in 1925 in the journal "Baku Worker".

Theme

The work intertwines several main topics... A feature of the work is that it contains many personal experiences and images of the past. Homeland theme, including the small homeland - the native village of the poet Konstantinovo (which in the narrative is called Radovo). The lyrical hero very subtly and touchingly describes his native place, their way of life and way of life, manners and characters of people living in the village.

Heroes of the poemvery interesting, varied and diverse. Love theme revealed in Yesenin's way frankly: the lyrical hero sees in his beloved the image of the past, she became the wife of a stranger, but is still interesting, desirable, but distant. The thought that he, too, was loved warms the lyrical hero and becomes a consolation for him.

Revolution theme disclosed very honestly, shown through the eyes of an independent eyewitness who is neutral in his views. He is not a fighter and not a warrior; cruelty and fanaticism are alien to him. The return home was reflected in the poem, each visit to his native village worried and upset the poet. The problem of devastation, mismanagement, decay of the countryside, troubles that became the result of the First World War and the revolution - all this is shown by the author through the eyes of a lyrical hero.

Problematicworks are diverse: cruelty, social inequality, a sense of duty, betrayal and cowardice, war and everything that accompanies it. Main thought or idea the work is that life is changeable, and feelings and emotions remain in the soul forever. Hence the conclusion: life is changeable and fleeting, but happiness is a very personal state that is not subject to any laws.

Composition

In the work “Anna Snegina” it is advisable to carry out the analysis according to the principle “following the author”. The poem consists of five chapters, each of which refers to a specific life period of the poet. The composition has cyclicality- the arrival of the lyric hero to his homeland. In the first chapter we learn that the main character is returning to his homeland to rest, to stay away from the city and the hype. The post-war devastation divided people, the army, which requires more and more investments, is kept in the village.

Chapter two tells about the past of the lyrical hero, about what kind of people live in the village and how the political situation in the country changes them. He meets with his former lover, they talk for a long time.

The third part - reveals the relationship between Snegina and the lyric hero - mutual sympathy is felt, they are still close, although age and circumstances divide them more and more. The death of a spouse separates the heroes, Anna is broken, she condemns the lyrical hero for cowardice and desertion.

In the fourth part property is being rejected from the Snegins, she and her mother move to the miller's house, explains to her lover, reveals her fears to him. They are still close, but the bustle and rapid flow of life requires the author to return to the city.

In the fifth chapter describes the picture of poverty and the horrors of the civil war. Anna goes abroad, from where she sends a message to the lyrical hero. The village is changing beyond recognition, only close people (especially the miller) remain the same family and friends, the rest have degraded, disappeared in trouble and lost in the existing vague order.

Genre

The work covers quite large-scale events, which makes it especially epic. The author himself gave the definition of the genre - "Lyroepic poem", however, contemporary critics gave the genre a slightly different designation: a story in verse or a poetic story.

The novel describes events with a sharp plot and a sharp ending, which is very characteristic of Yesenin's work. It should be noted that the author himself was not theoretically grounded in literary criticism and genre specificity of works, therefore his definition is somewhat narrow. The artistic means used by the author are so varied that their description requires separate consideration: vivid epithets, pictorial metaphors and comparisons, original personifications and other tropes create a unique Yesenin style.

Product test

Analysis rating

Average rating: 4.2. Total ratings received: 139.

About the poem by Sergei Yesenin "Anna Snegina"

The artistic embodiment of the era in which writers and poets lived and worked, influenced the formation of the views of not only their contemporaries, but also descendants. The poet Sergei Yesenin was and remains such a ruler of thoughts.

The image of the time with its problems, heroes, quests, doubts was in the center of attention of the writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Today, the idea of \u200b\u200bYesenin as a major social thinker with a heightened perception of his time is becoming increasingly stronger. Yesenin's poetry is a source of deep meditation on many socio-philosophical problems. This is history and revolution, state and people, village and city, people and individuals.

Comprehending the tragedy of Russia in the 1920s, Yesenin predetermined, foresaw everything that we only recently spoke out loud after seventy years of silence. With tremendous power, Yesenin captured the "new" that was forcibly introduced into the life of the Russian countryside, "blew up" it from the inside and now led to the well-known state. Yesenin wrote in a letter his impressions of those years: "I was in the village. Everything is crumbling ... The end of everything."

Yesenin was shocked by the complete degeneration of the patriarchal village: the poor life of a village ruined by years of "internecine strife", "calendar Lenin" instead of the icons thrown out by the Komsomol sisters, "Capital" instead of the Bible. The poet sums up the tragic result of all this in the poem "Soviet Russia":

That's the country!

What the hell am I

Shouted in verse that I am friends with the people?

My poetry is no longer needed here

And, perhaps, I myself am not needed here either.

The poem "Anna Onegin", written shortly before the poet's death - in 1924, was a kind of generalization of Yesenin's thoughts about this dramatic and contradictory time and absorbed many of the motives and images of his lyrics.

In the center of the poem is the personality of the author. His attitude to the world permeates the entire content of the poem and unites the events taking place. The poem itself is distinguished by polyphony, which corresponds to the spirit of the era depicted, the struggle of human passions. The poem is closely intertwined with the lyrical and epic principles.

The personal topic is the main one here. "Epic" events are revealed through the fate, consciousness, feelings of the poet and the main character. The name itself suggests that the center is the fate of a man, a woman, against the background of the historical collapse of old Russia. The name of the heroine sounds poetic and ambiguous. Snegina - a symbol of the purity of white snow - echoes the spring flowering of white, like snow, bird cherry and denotes, according to Yesenin, a symbol of youth lost forever. Moreover, this poetry looks like an obvious dissonance against the background of time.

The theme of time and the theme of homeland are closely related in the poem. The action begins on the Ryazan land in 1917 and ends in 1923. Behind the fate of one of the corners of the Russian land, the fate of the country and the people is guessed. Changes in the life of the village, in the guise of a Russian peasant, begin to unfold from the first lines of the poem - in the story of the driver, who delivers a poet who has not been in his native places for a long time.

The latent conflict between the prosperous village of Radovo ("Everybody has a garden and a threshing floor") with the poverty-stricken village of Kriushi, which "plowed with one plow," leads to a fratricidal war. The Kriushans, convicted of stealing the forest, are the first to start the carnage: "... they use axes, we are the same." And then the reprisal against the despotic foreman, who represented the power in the village:

The scandal smells like murder.

Both ours and theirs

Suddenly one of them will gasp! -

And immediately killed the foreman.

The time of revolution and permissiveness pushed the local leader Pron Ogloblin out of the ranks of the Kriushans, who did not have any life aspirations other than "to drink in a moonshine tire." This rural revolutionary is a "fighter, a rude", he is "drunk for weeks in the morning ..." The old miller woman says this about Pron, considering him a destroyer, moreover, a murderer. Yesenin emphasizes the Pugachev principle in Pron, who, like a tsar, stands above the people:

Ogloblin stands at the gate

And I'm drunk in the liver and in the soul

The impoverished people are knocking:

"Hey you! Cockroach brat!

All to Snegina! R-times and kvass

Give, they say, your lands

Without any ransom from us! "

"Cockroach brat!" - this is how the hero addresses the people, in whom many in the old days saw a Bolshevik-Leninist. Terrible, in essence, a type generated by a turning point. The addiction to alcohol is also characteristic of another Ogloblin, Prone's brother Labutya, a tavern beggar, a liar and a coward. He "with an important bearing, like some gray-haired veteran," found himself "in the Council" and lives, "not a callus." If the fate of Prona, with all its negative aspects, acquires a tragic sound in connection with his death, then Labuti's life is a pitiful, disgusting farce. It is remarkable that it was Labuta who "went first to describe the Snegin house" and arrested all its inhabitants, who were subsequently rescued from an imminent trial by a kind miller.

The miller in the poem is the embodiment of kindness, closeness to nature, mercy and humanity. His image is permeated with lyricism and is dear to the author as one of the brightest and kindest folk principles. It is no coincidence that the miller constantly connects people. The miller personifies the Russian national character in its "ideal" version, and with this, as it were, he opposes the poet, whose soul is insulted and embittered and an anguish is felt in it.

When "the grimy rabble played the grand pianos in the courtyards for the Tambov foxtrot cows", when blood was pouring and natural human connections were destroyed, we perceive the image of Anna Snegina in a special way. Her fate looks bright and sad, written by Yesenin in the best traditions of Russian classics. The heroine appears before us in the haze of the romantic past - "we were happy" - and the harsh present. The mirage of memories, the "girl in the white cape" disappeared in the "beautiful distant" youth. Now the heroine, widowed, deprived of her fortune, forced to leave her homeland, amazes with her Christian forgiveness:

It hurts you Anna

For your ruin on the farm?

But somehow sad and strange

She lowered her gaze ...

Anna does not feel anger or hatred towards the peasants who ruined her. Emigration does not embitter her either: she recalls her irreversible past with bright sadness. Despite the dramatic fate of the landowner Anna Snegina, her image breathes with kindness and humanity. The humanistic principle sounds especially shrill in the poem in connection with the condemnation of the war - imperialist and fratricidal. The war is condemned by the whole course of the poem, its different characters and situations: the miller and his old woman, the driver, the events of A. Snegina's life.

The war has consumed my whole soul.

For someone else's interest

I shot at my close body

And he climbed on his brother.

The time of change appears in the poem in its tragic guise. The poetic assessment of events is striking with humanity, "cherishing the soul of humanity", for only a poet-patriot, a tested humanist, seeing "how many are buried in holes," how many "freaks and cripples" could write:

I think,

How beautiful

Lesson topic: Poem by S.A. Yesenin "Anna Snegina": problems and poetics

The purpose of the lesson: the formation of an idea about the ideological content of the poem, about the neo-meaning of the poet's assessment of the revolution and its results. Show that the poem by S.A. Yesenin "Anna Snegina" is one of the outstanding works of Russian literature.

During the classes

1. Introductory speech of the teacher. Communication of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

II. Updating knowledge, checking d / z.

III. Work on the topic of the lesson:

1. The teacher's word

The poem "Anna Snegina" was completed by Yesenin in January 1925. In this poem, all the main themes of Yesenin's lyrics are intertwined: homeland, love, "Russia leaving" and "Soviet Russia". He considered it the best work of all, written earlier.

What is this poem about? (about love, revolution and emigration)

In fact, this is Yesenin's brightest and largest work not only about first love. The main action takes place from spring to late autumn 1917, during the Russian revolution. The "peasant wars" of two neighboring villages, the wealthy Radov and the land-deprived Kriushi, the reasons for the village "troubles", the seizure of the estate of the landowner Snegina and other events are given here in different ways by different characters. It is also significant that the poem about the revolution tells about love that has not received reciprocity. This gives the work a special polysemy and helps Yesenin, for the first time in the literature of the 1920s, to approach the topic of revolution, emigration and disunity of the Russian intelligentsia from the standpoint of national and universal values.

How did you define the genre of the piece?(poem)

Yesenin himself determinedgenre "Anna Snegina" as lyroepic poem.How do you understand this definition? (lyrical, because feelings, emotions are expressed; epic - there is a plot, it tells about events from the lives of the heroes).

The main part of the poem reproduces the events of 1917 on the Ryazan land. The fifth chapter contains a sketch of the village post-revolutionary Russia - the action in the poem ends in 1923. The poem is autobiographical, based on memories of youthful love. But the personal fate of the hero is comprehended in connection with the fate of the people.

The events in the poem are given in outline, and it is not the events themselves that are important to us, but the author's attitude towards them. Yesenin's poem is about time and about what remains unchanged at all times.The plot of the poem is the story of the failed fate of the heroes against the background of a bloody and uncompromising class struggle.In the course of the analysis, we will trace how the leading motive of the poem develops, which is closely related to the main themes: the theme of condemnation of the war and the theme of the peasantry. The poem is lyric-epic.The lyrical plan of the poem is based on the fate of the main characters - Anna Snegina and the Poet. The epic plan is based on the theme of the condemnation of the war and the theme of the peasantry.

IV. Analytical conversation

- Tell us how the plot develops in the 1st chapter.

(The young poet, a former deserted soldier, returns after 4 years of absence to his native village. Asks the driver to take him to a familiar miller. At the miller's house he is greeted as a friend. After tea, the poet goes to sleep in the hayloft and then recalls his youth:

Once upon a time at that gate

I was sixteen years old

And the girl in the white cape

Told me affectionately: "No!"

They were far, lovely.

That image in me has not faded ...

We all loved these years

But they loved us a little.

In addition to the plot, the images of the heroes of the poem are also given in development.)

Yes, the good old miller, at first glance a carefree and easy person, turns out to be very wise: the local Bolshevik Pron is not just a fighter for him, but a defender of the Kriushans driven to despair by landlessness; Anna is not a cold-blooded lady who defended her lands, but an unfortunate woman who has lost both her husband and home. In the course of the poem, we learn the story of Oglobin Prona: he dies from a White Cossack bullet in the “twentieth year”.

Given in the development and images of the main characters. They give the work a biographical character.

1. Student message about prototypes of heroes:

Anna Snegina has a prototype, this is the daughter of a wealthy landowner, Lidia Ivanovna Kashina, with whom the poet had a friendship. The girl's father owned an estate in Konstantinov, Yesenin's native village, the Bely Yar farm, forests beyond the Oka River, stretching tens of kilometers into the interior of Meshchera, as well as accommodations in Moscow at Khitrovy Market.

L. Kashina was a beautiful and educated woman. In 1904 she graduated with honors from the Alexander Institute for Noble Maidens, she spoke several languages. Yesenin often visited her house, where literary evenings and home performances were held. “Our mother,” the poet’s sister recalled, “didn’t like that Sergei got into the habit of going to the lady ...“ Of course, I don’t care, but I’ll tell you what: leave this lady, she’s not a couple, there’s nothing go to her '... Sergei was silent, and every evening he went to the master's house ... Mother no longer tried to talk to Sergei. And when Kashina's little children brought bouquets of roses to Sergey, she just shook her head. In memory of this spring (1917), Sergei wrote Kashina's poem "Green hairstyle ...".

However, the image and fate of the mistress of the Constantine estate differ on the main point - in relation to the revolution. If the heroine of the poem does not accept the revolution, leaves Russia, then Kashina in 1917 handed over the house to the peasants and moved to Moscow, where she worked as a translator, typist and stenographer.

But Yesenin wrote his heroine not only with Lydia Kashina. The origin of the name and surname of the heroine also has its own history. The name Anna, which means “rich, wonderful, graceful, pretty”, does not coincide with the name of Anna Alekseevna Sardanovskaya, the grand-niece of a priest in the village of Konstantinovo. She was also fascinated by the poet in her youth. Anna Sardanovskaya reminds “a girl in a white cape” by her name, age, a memorable feature of her appearance - her dark skin (“dark skin”) and even the fact that she loved white dresses and white flowers. In addition, she was the girl who fell in love with another and affectionately said “no” to the poet. The early death of Sardanovskaya (she died in childbirth on April 7, 1921) shocked Yesenin and romanticized her image as the image of her only true love. I. Gruzinov recalled that in the spring of 1921 Yesenin told him: “I had true love. To a simple woman. In the village. I came to her. I came in secret. I told her everything. Nobody knows about this. I have loved her for a long time. Bitter for me. It's a shame. She died. I didn’t love anyone so much. I don’t love anyone else. ”

But the most amazing coincidences are with the third woman, who "gave" the Yesenin heroine a surname. This woman is the writer Olga Pavlovna Snegina (1881-1929), who signed her works “O. P. Snegina "," Olga Snegina "," Snowflake "and others. Yesenin and O. Snegina met in April 1915 in her literary salon. Snegina's dedication to the book "Stories" (1911) is known: "To Spring Yesenin for his" Rus ". Love Lisa from Moroshkino and me. 1915, April. Olga Snegina ". We are talking about Yesenin's little poem "Rus" and the heroine of the story "Village Moroshkino", placed in a book presented to Yesenin and highly appreciated by M. Gorky in a letter to the author. It is curious that the pseudonym "Snegina" is a translation of the surname of her husband, a writer, an Englishman by origin E. Sno (snow - translated from English - snow). So this is where Yesenin's poem mentioned the "London seal" in Snegina's letter! He could see this seal on the letters sent by her relatives from England.

2. Analytical conversation:

What hero's speech opens the poem? What is he talking about?(The poem begins with the story of a driver who is taking the hero returning from the war to his native place. From his words, we learn "sad news" about what is happening in the rear: the inhabitants of the once rich village of Radov are at enmity with their neighbors - the poor and thieving Kriushans. This enmity led to a scandal and the murder of the headman and the gradual ruin of Radov.)

What do the lyric hero and the author have in common? Can they be identified?(Although the lyrical hero bears the name Sergei Yesenin, he cannot be completely identified with the author. The hero, in the recent past a peasant from the village of Radova, and now a famous poet who deserted from Kerensky's army and now returned to his native places, of course, has a lot in common with the author and, first of all, in the structure of thoughts, in moods, in relation to the described events and people.)

So, together with the hero, the famous poet, we return to his homeland. And at the very end of the first chapter, the reader revives the memory of the lyrical hero about his youth, about his first love: returning to his homeland is a return to himself after moral torment in the war from which he deserted:

The war has consumed my whole soul.

For someone else's interest

I shot at my close body

And he climbed on his brother.

I realized that I am a toy ...

In the second chapter we learn that the same girl was Anna Snegina, the daughter of a landowner who lives next door: “He was funny / Once in love with me”. But the hero is no longer "such a modest boy", he became not only a writer and a "famous bigwig" - he became a different person, and the thoughts that possess him at that moment are not at all sublime: "Now with a beautiful soldier novel". Therefore, the news of the Snegins does not make him want to see each other:

Nothing broke through my soul

Nothing confused me.

This is the hero at the beginning of the story. What happens to him in the third part?

- How does the author depict the appearance of a lyrical heroine, visible in vague visions of the disease? ("White dress", "upturned nose", "slender face", "gloves and shawl" - that's all that the poet noticed or thought it necessary to describe. The appearance of the heroine is as elusive as the feeling that once lived in the heart of a young man and now carefully began to remind of itself)

This almost forgotten feeling of falling in love returns to the poet, and he does not want to violate his purity. And so the meeting took place.

3. Reading the episode by role:

"I listened to her and involuntarily ..." and to the words "There is something beautiful in the summer, / And with the summer beautiful in us."

- Why is the description of the meeting between the poet and Anna so full of dots?(The appearance of these signs is like a curtain that pulls up whenever a curious and intrusive look is ready to consider something vulgar in the developing relationship. This curtain separates him, today, who went through a tavern frenzy, satiated with easy victories, and that - a sixteen-year-old who first fell in love with a young man whose sublime feeling, suddenly reviving, is so wonderful that a completely possible banal "romance" cannot be compared with him. ...

Scenes of painful conversations of lyrical heroes are opened in Yesenin not only by the master of creating speech characteristics, but also by a brilliant psychologist.)

- Compare the portrait details of the fourth part with the previous ones. What do they point to?(“A beautiful and sensual mouth twisted with care” and “her body is tight” - these are by no means romantic definitions frame the monologue of the heroine, who confesses to “criminal passion”, which, she realizes, has no future and cannot have a future.)

- How does the author emphasize that the feelings of the heroine are painful, and recognition is given to her with incredible labor and pain?(First of all, you need to pay attention to the dots: there are 12 of them for 17 lines of her monologue! The heroine's speech is intermittent, and this discontinuity is surprisingly emphasized by alliteration: the repetition of a resounding "b", sounding assertively: it was, madly, loved, hurts, - is replaced by a deaf "t": cruelty, judgment, mystery, criminal passion is called.)

The appearance of the heroine also correlates with this image.

The development of relationships according to a banal love scheme will destroy the charm of bright memories and can deprive the poet of the most dear and intimate part of his soul.

This epiphany illuminates the words of the heroine: “It's already dawn. Dawn is like a fire in the snow ... ”In her speech, there are again dots (there are 10 of her words for 11 lines):

In her imagination, memories are born gradually, the quivering childish feeling has been erased in her memory.

- When will this bright feeling return to the heroine? We read about this in the fifth part.

- How does Anna appear before the reader at the end of the poem?

- How will this unusual novel end?

The letter sent from abroad said much more to the poet's soul than the words entrusted to the paper could express.

- What do you think the blue color, which suddenly appears in Anna's words, symbolizes?

(The blue color is both the color of his soul and the color of the higher abode, the higher world, in which the souls of the poet and the "girl in a white cape" unite.)

- From there, from afar, the lyrical heroine could see the poet's love and her love; the memory of a sublime and pure feeling crowns their souls revived in this love forever, and the poem becomes a book about unfulfilled, but happy love. This is how one can comprehend the ending of the poem, where the only image significant for the poet was highlighted and appeared before us:

They were far dear! ..

That image in me has not faded away.

We all loved these years

But that means

They loved us too.

Please note that the acquisition of reciprocity is emphasized by the changes introduced in comparison with the first part: a couplet with an emotional outburst is highlighted in a separate stanza, indicated by the connection of an exclamation with an ellipsis. And the two lines, which used to speak of undivided feeling, now turn into a kind of crown - a three-line, which crowns both the mutual feeling of the heroes and the poem itself.

Thus, a lyrical story about love and the bitter emigre lot of a person in whom the feeling of love for the homeland has not died is also interwoven into the epic work about the revolution, about life in the countryside in these troubled years:

Now I am far from you ...

It's April in Russia now.

And with a blue veil

Covered with birch and spruce.

… … … … … … … …

I often go to the pier

And, either for joy, or for fear,

I look more intently among the ships

On the red Soviet flag.

Now they have reached strength.

My path is clear ...

But you are still nice to me

As a homeland and as spring.

V. Closing remarks of the teacher.

- “Distant, lovely” images made the soul rejuvenate, but also regret the past irrevocably. At the end of the poem, only one word has changed, but the meaning has changed significantly. Nature, homeland, spring, love - these are the same words. And the person who forgives is right.

Homework:Reread the poem by S. Yesenin "The Black Man"