Gas boiler for heating a private house. Gas boilers "endurance" (endurance) a series of floor-standing double-circuit boilers of low power, high efficiency Criteria for choosing a gas boiler

Design.

For the manufacture of the boiler heat exchanger, manufacturers use two materials - cast iron and steel. Each material has its own advantages: cast iron is high corrosion resistance and strength, which means longevity, steel is lighter weight. With a steel heat exchanger, the design or recommendations for use play a decisive role.

Condensation has the greatest destructive effect on a steel boiler - if the manufacturer does not use special structural elements to reduce the formation of condensate (some manufacturers limit the minimum supply temperature to at least 60 ° C). Burners are available in different designs. Now in the West, mainly burners with low emissions of harmful substances are produced, most manufacturers adapt their burners for stable operation at reduced gas pressure in Russia.

The main advantage for low pressure gas is a design with an admixture of secondary air already directly into the combustion chambers. This design eliminates 90% of the possible burnout of the distribution pipes and burner failure. Basic automation. In a modern heating installation, manual mode is outdated, irrelevant, uneconomical.

During the life of the boiler - and this is not one or two years - gas can be thrown into the pipe several tens of times more than the cost of automation. In addition, already today we need to think about the fact that every year gas will rise in price. It is necessary to convince people that as long as they feel the warming with their senses, a lot of cubic meters of gas will be burned. It is important to know that even a room thermostat costing about 15 euros can save up to 40% of fuel during the heating season, if the unit is operated correctly.

These 15 euros will be "burnt" in a few months. Speaking about the cost of automation, it must be admitted that sometimes it is comparable to the cost of a boiler, there are cases when, for a boiler of 800 euros, automation is purchased that costs about 800 euros - but this is only a matter of expediency. In any case, the consumer has the opportunity to choose automation, it all depends on his needs. If the client has an extensive heating system, then the cost of this automation will simply “dissolve” into the cost of all equipment. Probably, it is worth talking about savings over the years, rather than about one-time costs.

Boiler power.

According to the statistics of MGSU, which investigated this issue, there is a minimum temperature in the region for no more than seven days during the heating season, the rest of the time the boiler is underloaded. Underload leads to constant switching on and off of the boiler burner (clocking), and the more cycles the boiler has, the lower the efficiency and the greater the wear of the components.

You can deal with this by increasing the number of boiler power levels. For most of the heating season, the boiler can (and should) operate at 50% capacity, i.e. do not go out at the first stage. This simplifies the operation of the boiler, extends the life of the components, and slightly increases the efficiency. That is why the boiler power margin over heat losses by no more than 10-15% is considered ideal.

Another mistake is the summation of power for heating and hot water. Modern heating devices using storage water heaters operate according to the principle of priority for hot water supply: when the boiler cools down, the entire boiler power is switched to heating the boiler, heating stops, so there is no need to sum up the power, but it is necessary to add the calculated indicator of the average daily load for the consumption of hot water.

Life time.

European manufacturers prescribe a service life, as a rule, 10 years - as required by Russian law. The final decision on how long the boiler can be operated must be made by the operating organization. The service life is determined by the time after which the product may not perform the declared consumer functions and its repair may be impractical.

In this case, it may turn out that it is more reasonable to buy a new boiler. The boiler may be replaced for other reasons, such as economic reasons. Today, obsolescence comes to the fore, very often boilers are replaced precisely for this reason. Knowing 100% that the equipment will be replaced in 10 years, many manufacturers follow the path of savings. This is a global trend that you can't argue with.

Condensing boiler technology.

The technology of condensing boilers in our country is just beginning to develop. So far, they have not gained popularity due to the low cost of energy sources, as well as the higher cost of equipment, the low prevalence of low-temperature heating systems, which allow for increased boiler efficiency, and the lack of norms for draining condensate from boilers into the sewer network, which is essentially acid (more precisely, the condensate must be neutralized with a special compound before being drained into the sewer).

Condensing boilers for Russia are the technology of the future. Perhaps in the next two or three years it will become more relevant. But it will become truly relevant only when the price of gas equals the current European price.

BAXI GROUP presents on the Russian market a series of cast-iron floor-mounted gas boilers SLIM with an atmospheric burner. These boilers are manufactured at the BAXI S.p.A. plant, which is part of the holding. SLIM is 10 models with open cam combustion from 15 to 62 kW, and five models with a closed combustion chamber with a power of 23 and 30 kW. Both single-circuit and double-circuit boilers are available - with a built-in stainless steel boiler for hot water with a capacity of 50 and 60 liters.

Models of SLIM boilers marked "iN" do not have a built-in expansion tank and circulation pump, which provides greater flexibility in choosing equipment for a specific heating system. Floor-standing boilers of the SLIM series, like all BAXI boilers, operate stably at reduced gas pressure, producing 50% of the heat output at 5 mbar.

Boilers of the SLIM series have all the necessary controls, safety devices and are made in a modern design. A gas pressure switch is supplied with the SLIM boiler model with a power of 62 kW, the purpose of which is to put the boiler into standby mode and automatically turn it on when the gas supply is resumed. With constant interruptions in gas supply, especially in winter, this device is very useful and can be purchased for other models of SLIM series boilers. In addition, SLIM boilers have an improved design and a number of fundamental advantages:

self-diagnosis provides amazing ease of maintenance, allows you to automatically determine up to 10 types of possible malfunctions in the heating system;
continuous modulation of the flame guarantees smooth and durable operation of the boiler;
compact size - the width of single-circuit models is only 35 cm;
it is possible to connect an outdoor temperature sensor;
the presence of two temperature control ranges (30-85°C and 30-45°C) allows the use of SLIM boilers when operating in the “warm floor” mode only;
cast iron heat exchanger sections are manufactured at the French plant of BAXI S.A. - the undisputed leader in France in terms of the quality of cast iron.

As accessories, a room thermostat, mechanical or programmable, can be connected to the SLIM boiler, thus ensuring the creation of a comfortable microclimate in the room. And by purchasing a device for a low-temperature circuit, you can ensure the operation of the boiler simultaneously on the radiators of the heating system and on underfloor heating, for example, in the bathroom.

TO single-circuit boilers SLIM can be connected to SLIM UB / UB Inox boilers with a capacity of 80 or 120 liters with a tank made of enamelled or stainless steel. The boiler temperature is controlled either from the boiler panel or from the boiler panel. The boiler is made in the same design with the boiler, and when they are installed together, it forms an aesthetically finished heating unit.

SLIM double-circuit boilers have an anti-legionella antibacterial protection system, which is activated once a week, heating the water in the boiler to a temperature above 60 ° C. This ensures environmental Safety hot water supply of the consumer. A big plus is the ability to combine SLIM boilers into a cascade to create a mini-boiler room.

With a cascade control unit (RVK 22.4) up to four boilers can be connected, thus providing almost 250 kW of power. The cascade control unit ensures uniform loading of the boilers and a stepwise increase in heat output. Boilers in this version operate on an independent ring and the supply temperature is controlled by a sensor connected to RVK 22.4.

In the category of atmospheric gas boilers up to 100 kW, DEDIETRICH offers the DTG range of boilers. One of the main advantages of DEDIETRICH boilers is a cast-iron sectional heat exchanger, manufactured at its own foundry on the border of France and Germany (Alsace) for more than 100 years.

DEDIETRICH eutectic cast iron is exceptionally resistant to corrosion, 30% more ductile than standard gray cast iron and withstands large temperature differences (up to 40°C). Boilers of the DTG series are designed to operate on natural gas or propane (optional burner conversion kit). Atmospheric stainless steel burners provide low emissions of harmful substances.

The burners have special nozzles for stable operation at a gas pressure of 13 mbar. The DTG boiler line includes three series ELITEC DTG 130, DIETRIGAZ DTG S110K and DTG 220. The DTG S110K model from 13 to 48 kW is a simple design, a minimum of electronics and, as a result, attractive price. The boiler contains all the necessary safety features.

To expand the possibilities of automation, there are various modules that allow you to control the operation of the boiler and regulate room temperature. This year, DEDIETRICH offers a new, more advanced DTGX model to replace the DTG S110 K boilers. The boilers of this series have retained all the advantages of the DTG S110K model and are distinguished not only by a new design, but also by the presence of a burner with electronic ignition, the ability to work at a gas pressure of 10-13 mbar and various additional equipment.

The power range of the boilers has also increased - from 23 to 54 kW. ELITEC DTG 130 is a new generation of high-performance cast iron boilers with power from 18 to 48 kW. They fit perfectly existing requirements for energy saving and protection environment, combine modern design, ease of installation, start-up and operation.

The boiler heat exchanger has a special design, with a larger heat exchange surface, allowing better heat transfer and high efficiency. There are three types of control panel available for this series of boilers. The type of the panel is specified when ordering and is built into the boiler body during installation. To meet any need for hot water, a wide range of DHW cylinders are available with the boiler.

There are monoblock models (boiler and water heater with a capacity of 110 or 130 liters under one casing) and water heaters installed under the boiler or near it (with a capacity of 150 liters). The inner surface of the water heater is covered with vitreous enamel with a high content of quartz, which ensures the storage of water in the best hygienic conditions.

A unique active titanium anode system is used for corrosion protection rather than the traditional magnesium anode. Voltage is supplied to the anode from the control panel. The titanium anode does not require any maintenance during its entire service life. DTG 220 boilers with power from 45 to 117 kW, unlike previous models, are equipped with two-stage atmospheric burners with full premixing.

There are two control panels. Panel K - simple automation with two thermostats for setting the temperature manually and controlling the operation of a two-stage burner, installation of expansion modules is provided; panel Dematic-m Delta is an electronic panel with a dialogue system for weather-compensated control of the operation of a two-stage burner.

Dematic-m Delta can control a cascade system (up to 10 boilers in cascade), including boiler circuit, DHW circuit, mixing circuits and swimming pool circuit. Presented DEDIETRICH dialogue modules communicate with the user not with the help of codes, but with the help of clearly written phrases. A wide range of functions of these control panels provides great operational possibilities in heating and domestic hot water systems. In addition, they are designed to work together with remote control devices over the telephone line and via the Internet.

JUNKERS offers two model ranges: Supraline and Suprastar. The Supraline power range is represented by six models from 28 to 56 kW. Boilers supplied to Russia are equipped with nozzles designed for a network pressure of 20 mbar, each boiler package includes a set of nozzles for burner operation at a gas pressure of 13 mbar. In a number of regions of Russia, the gas pressure in the network is in the range from 17 to 24 mbar, in which case the boiler does not need to be reconfigured.

For normal operation at a gas pressure of 10 to 17 mbar, it is necessary to use a set of nozzles for 13 mbar. The burner of the Supraline boiler is well adapted to Russian conditions, its design does not allow the occurrence of a "breakthrough" of the flame when the pressure drops. The heat exchanger is made of high quality DE DIETRICH cast iron. The maximum heated area for the most powerful model of this series K56-8 E is about 550 m 2 , or, when connected to a cascade, up to 1000 m 2 .

The most common and reliable control system for Supraline: the SVM1 module is an automation that provides priority control of the boiler in combination with the TRZ 12-2 room temperature controller. From April 2006, new E8 controllers manufactured by the German company KROMMSCHROEDER will be supplied, replacing all previously used weather controllers of the TA series.

The power range of Suprastar is represented by nine models from 45 to 117 kW. Like the Supraline boilers, they are supplied with 20 mbar. 13 mbar conversion kits are available. The two-stage burner allows step-by-step power regulation and its design complies with the European requirements for the emission of nitrogen oxides. However, the use of this burner is recommended only in places with relatively stable gas pressure.

With strong seasonal fluctuations in gas pressure in the network, it is recommended to install Supraline. As a rule, Suprastar are boilers for houses with several independent heating circuits, underfloor heating, and a swimming pool. The TAC-M programmable panel allows you to simultaneously control the heating of the boiler and the main heating circuit. The use of one or two MMX expansion boards makes it possible to control one or two mixer circuits respectively.

The panel is equipped with a special program control for pool heating. To expand the capabilities of the TAC-M, there is a TAC Plus2 module that allows you to additionally control two more circuits with mixers. To create cascades of Suprastar boilers, models of “slave” FM boilers of different capacities are offered. The connection is made with a BUS connecting cable.

PROTHERM

Series of floor standing boilers PROTHERM represented by five models: "Bear", "Grizzly", "Bison", "Lion" and the Protherm TLO boiler, independent of electricity. Floor boilers PROTHERM are extremely simple functionally, and therefore extremely reliable. They are durable and resistant to temperature extremes and loads, as well as to the human factor - violation of the rules of operation and negligence in handling.

Cast iron boilers of the "Bear" series include 13 models, different in power and functional equipment. The power range of boilers of the Medved series is 20-60 kW. Heat exchanger made of high quality gray cast iron has a high heat transfer coefficient. HONEYWELL gas fittings, designed specifically for this series of boilers, and stainless steel burners provide a stable combustion mode with possible gas pressure drops in the network and a high degree of environmental friendliness, both for the environment and for maintaining a comfortable indoor microclimate.

The power control of the "Medved" boiler is two-stage. At a reduced power level (No. II), the boiler operates steadily at a pressure natural gas from 0.8 mbar and above. The maximum working pressure of OV is 4 bar. The maximum temperature of the RH is 90°C. It is possible to connect a boiler for heating domestic hot water up to 200 liters. DHW heating in this case will have priority over the heating function.

With his rated power boilers "Medved" provide hot water consumption from 16 to 20 l / min. The Medved series is equipped with all the safety automation necessary for this class of boilers. Stepped power control mode, equithermal control system, protection against condensate formation, flue gas removal control system - everything that distinguishes a high-class boiler is available, but at a reasonable price.

Model "Bear" (20-40) KLZ is a boiler with a built-in 90-liter tank for heating hot water with a magnesium anode. Smooth power control, built-in pumps of the HV and DHW circuits, two expansion tanks and electronic control with self-diagnostic function. Boiler the highest class and degree of reliability for cottages and apartment buildings. The Grizzly boiler continues the Bear series, but surpasses its counterpart in power.

Five models are available from 65 to 150 kW of rated heating output. Depending on the regulators used in the control system, the Grizzly can operate in a cascade of up to 16 boilers simultaneously. For floor standing boilers, PROTHERM uses equithermal regulators with the ability to work together in a cascade from SIEMENS - Albatros RVA 43.222, RVA 63.242 and RVA 63.280.

These regulators allow you to plan the weekly cycle of the boiler plant with the creation of time ranges and comfortable temperature conditions for each range separately. "Bear", the most famous PROTHERM floor-standing boiler, became the basis for the creation of a non-electric TLO boiler with a nominal heat output of 20 to 50 kW.

The TLO boiler is ignited with the help of a special thermoelement that generates the electrical voltage necessary for operation and control. The gas fittings for this model were developed by SIT NOVA, the burner - by POLIDORO. The technical equipment and functionality of the TLO models otherwise coincides with the parameters of the KLO (PLO) Bear series boilers.

In 2005 the TLO boiler got a new design. This is due to its unification in one row with the KLO and PLO models. It excludes possible problems with delivery of spare parts separately for this or that model. Another floor speaker from PROTHERM is the “Lion” with smooth power control in the range from 6 to 26 kW. This is a series of condensing boilers with a built-in boiler for heating domestic hot water.

The peculiarity of the boiler is its high degree of efficiency, achieved through the maximum possible use of the heat of flue gases and the water vapor contained in them. The maximum flue gas outlet temperature is 87°C. The boiler is equipped with all the functions of maintaining a comfortable mode, the necessary protections and a system of continuous self-diagnosis. The Lev boiler has a digital display.

VIESSMANN

VIESSMANN offers a wide range of heating technology in the sector of floor standing gas boilers up to 100 kW. highest quality, economy and environmental friendliness. In the sector of the updated line of boilers, one can name Vitola, Vitogas, Vitoplex. The new boilers are distinguished by a more developed modular layout strategy, in particular with regard to control units.

Thanks to the modular approach, the company managed, firstly, to significantly reduce the cost of equipment, and secondly, to facilitate the work of its partners. VIESSMANN places great emphasis on developing and supporting a large network of regional service centers, and a unified approach to new control systems simplifies equipment repair - a service company now only needs a small set of electronic boards.

The body of the boiler has remained practically the same, the water content and weight have changed slightly - the boiler has become lighter, more convenient to transport it and the load on the ceilings of roof boilers is reduced. For the new modification of the Vitorond boilers, a new controller has appeared, the design of the generator itself has changed slightly, thanks to the principle of unification, the cost of this boiler has decreased.

The line of domestic floor-standing boilers of the Vitogas series has become more compact, the power range has slightly expanded - from 29 to 60 kW (there used to be from 35 kW). And, of course, new controllers appeared - the Vitotronic 100/200 series, type KC-3, KC-4, KW-4, KW-5. The design has changed a little: the front wall has a more strict plating design (there is no decor on the boiler plating).

New boilers of the Vitogas series can be distinguished from the old series by marking: earlier the modification was called Vitogas 050GS0, now the letter “A” has appeared. burner in floor standing boilers Vitogas series atmospheric, partly pre-mixed, now special rods are installed in the upper part - the Renox system, thanks to which emissions of harmful substances have become even lower than before.

The Renox system was patented by VIESSMANN back in 1986. The new boilers of the Vitola series also changed the design, this primarily concerns the burner device, the burner casing; there are new controllers KC-4, KW-4, KW-5, more versatile and compact. All VIESSMANN heat generators have become lighter, the water content has changed.

Boilers VIESSMANN are designed with a significant margin. As for the modification of the Vitoplex 100 PV1 series boiler, here the company's approach has changed dramatically. Previously, the company offered a line of Vitoplex boilers in two versions: there were boilers that belonged to the 100 SX / PX and 300TX groups (300 is “hi-tech”, the most protected from operating errors, 100 SX / PX is the most affordable model for the price, with a fairly wide power range - from 80 to 1750 kW); but there was no middle ground. Now the company produces boilers of the Vitoplex series in three variations: models 100 PV1, 200 SX2 and 300 TX - any customer request can be satisfied.

The Vitoplex 100 PV1 is available from 110 to 620 kW. The Vitoplex 200 SX2 is available from 90 to 560 kW. This is a classic three-pass boiler with a high average annual coefficient useful action, up to 94%, and this allows you to save up to 25% of fuel (compared to older boilers)!

The model has low emissions of harmful substances due to the reduced thermal stress of the boiler furnace, and this is a big plus when installing equipment in the city. This boiler also does not require a boiler circuit pump and does not require a mixing pump, as the boiler has no restrictions on the return temperature.

This was made possible thanks to a special design and a special Therm-Control starting circuit patented by VIESSMANN in 1991 (previously TRA / TSA circuit). ThermControl is a platinum resistance thermometer built into the body of the boiler block for recording the temperature of the mixture of hot boiler water and cold return water.

The decisive advantage is that the temperature of the cold return water is recorded inside the heat generator, and not only in the supply pipe, as in standard boilers, where condensation can occur during non-stationary operation due to cooling of the convective heating surfaces. Accordingly, using this boiler model, the customer saves money on equipment such as pumps, electricity and maintenance.

This model also allows operation in both constant and variable flow temperature modes. VIESSMANN offers new ranges of 100 and 200 series boilers, the previous 100 range has been discontinued. The new models of the Vitoplex 100 series are a compact solution, two-way, because both cottages and industrial enterprises are different - one needs a constant temperature, the other needs it to change in the system depending on the outside temperature.

In fact, the control possibilities are almost limitless – VIESSMANN controllers installed in a boiler room can control up to 98 heating circuits with mixers and manage up to 33 DHW systems. In addition, adaptation is DHW systems. The burners in VIESSMANN boilers can turn off during the summer / transitional period before the temperature in the storage tank reaches the desired value, and “reheating” to the required value is carried out due to the thermal inertia of the boiler itself!

Of course, the purpose of all these features is to save fuel! And this is not a complete list of unique features. VIESSMANN offers the Vitodata remote control and influence system for control via the Internet. To connect this service, you only need to buy equipment, and the company organizes access to the Vitodata system free of charge.

The model of the Vitoplex 100 series assumes operation at a constant temperature, is equipped with a modern controller, which is also assembled according to a modular principle, the model is quite attractive in terms of cost and very compact. Available in power from 110 to 620 kW. VIESSMANN boilers can be combined in a cascade of up to four boilers, even with 11 kW boilers you can “do such a trick”.

The warranty period is 20 years, the standard warranty is two years. Introducing VIESSMANN's supply program in this range, it is impossible not to mention the floor-standing condensing boiler Vitodens 333. The compact Vitodens 333 combines the advantages of the Vitodens 300 condensing boiler and a high-quality 86-liter potable water tank.

Its dimensions correspond to the standard dimensions of the kitchen and allow the boiler to be integrated into the living area. With a maximum height of 140 cm, the Vitodens 333 is ideally suited for installation in roof slopes or recesses. The MatriX-compact IR burner guarantees environmentally friendly safe operation with a minimum amount of harmful emissions.

In combination with a stainless steel heat exchanger and a potable water tank, the boiler guarantees the preparation of hot water at a predetermined uniform temperature even for large quantities of water. The automatic load control ensures that the condensation heat is recovered during the entire loading process. All electrical connections are easily accessible and the hydraulic components are pre-assembled into a single unit.

Thus, Vitodens 333 allows installation in the shortest possible time. The new Vitotronic controller has been moved to the top of the module, which not only makes operation easier, but also means certain advantages for service and maintenance.

VAILLANT

Floor-standing boilers from VAILLANT with a capacity of 16 to 157 kW belong to the domestic sector. The company has two lines of floor gas boilers: atmoVIT - from 16 to 56 kW in two versions: single-stage atmoVIT and two-stage atmoVIT exclusive; and two-stage atmoCRAFT - from 65 to 157 kW. All of them are certified and designed to work in networks with gas pressure from 13 to 25 mbar.

Heat exchangers of boilers are made of gray cast iron. Heat exchangers for boilers of the atmoCRAFT series can be ordered both in assembled form and as a set of separate sections for assembling the boiler directly in the boiler room. Burners with ceramic rods, which are necessary to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions. Exist different methods boiler operation control at several stages (capacities).

VAILLANT utilizes throttle staging and variable air ratio. In the same burner, with the same number of pipes, different amounts of gas are burned, controlled by the inflow of combustion air. The VAILLANT design has shown its effectiveness. All models of VAILLANT floor-standing boilers are already in the basic delivery equipped with a microprocessor control unit with an LCD display and with preparation for controlling DHW heating, which allows significant savings when installing various additional devices.

For several years, VAILLANT, like other leading European manufacturers, has been implementing the principles of modularity and expandability of its equipment. With the introduction of the latest group of atmoCRAFT floor-standing boilers, the company has a single automation, common accessories for regulation. Additional automation for controlling the heating system and boilers VAILLANT is represented by a wide range of models - from simple room thermostats(e.g. VRT 40 costing 30 euros) to cascading weather-compensated.

The most advanced VAILLANT control system is weather-dependent automation, which automatically monitors weather changes and adjusts the heating system accordingly. For this purpose, you can use two VAILLANT regulators built into boilers - VRC 410 and VRC 420 S, or you can take the same regulators into the room, then it will be possible to combine weather-dependent and room regulation.

The most sophisticated regulator is the universal cascaded VRC 630. This is an advanced device that can be expanded with additional modules. The retail price of the basic configuration is 880 euros. The service life of the boilers is 10 years. The warranty period is two years from the date of commissioning, but not more than two and a half years from the date of retail sale.

Mostly gas boilers low power 5-7 kW is used for heating small summer cottages or small apartments area up to 50 m². But, if you decide to purchase such a unit, you should take into account that the correction for heat loss can be from 10 to 30%.

A 5 kW gas boiler is designed for heating buildings that do not have a chimney. Therefore, all known models of such heating devices are equipped with a closed-type furnace. They do not need a full-fledged smoke exhaust system. For the output of combustion products, a coaxial type pipe will suffice. In most cases, it comes with the boiler. Such a chimney is carried through a hole in the wall and taken out to the street. Best Option if it is horizontal.

When choosing low-power devices, you should accurately calculate whether such a boiler can sufficiently heat the available area. If the building is poorly insulated, and the doors and windows are blown through, the device's performance of 5 kW may not be enough.

In addition, it should be noted that the manufacturer puts the maximum power of the unit in the passport. And if the gas boiler constantly works at its maximum capacity, this will quickly lead to its wear. Therefore, in this case, it is important to determine exactly whether the specified performance is sufficient to heat your room.

Gas boilers with a power of 5 kW are equipped with a standard set of necessary functions and are quite easy to use. They don't have modern systems management, control and safety of operation, which are equipped with many units with higher productivity. Also, low-power devices do not have a display, a control panel and the ability to connect other heating systems, for example, "warm floors".

Favorable working conditions for heating boilers 5 kW

Gas boilers with a capacity of 5 kW will qualitatively heat a house or apartment when certain conditions operation:

good wall insulation;
no gaps in window and door openings;
ceiling height no more than 2.7 m;
absence of severe prolonged frosts.

Advantages and disadvantages of low-power units

The advantages of low-power units include:

small dimensions;
low fuel consumption with a sufficiently high efficiency;
affordable price;
ease of management;
ease of installation.

Cons of gas boilers with low productivity:

limited functionality;
small selection of models;
difficult to find accessories;
limited operating conditions.

Models of gas boilers with a power of 5 kW

ATEM ZHYTOMYR-M AOGV 5 CH

This wall-mounted single-circuit parapet-type gas boiler has a heat exchanger made of steel. Ignition is carried out with the help of electricity by pressing a button. The unit is equipped gas burner Made in Italy by Polidoro. Safety is ensured by gas valve 630 EUROSIT (Italy). The kit includes a coaxial tube.

The boiler has the following characteristics:

Efficiency - 90%;
weight - 30 kg;
warranty - 12 months;

THERMOBAR KS-GS-5 s

The presented single-circuit model of the floor type is characterized by economy and silent operation. In the event of a failure, the Italian EUROSIT security system blocks the fuel supply.

The gas boiler is equipped with a stainless steel sectional burner, which ensures the environmental friendliness of the produced smoke and the absence of soot accumulations in the combustion chamber. The heat exchanger of the unit is made of steel. The coolant temperature ranges from 40-90ºC. The kit includes a coaxial type chimney. This boiler has branch pipes for connecting to the heating system located on both sides.

The gas unit has the following characteristics:

Efficiency - 90%;
weight - 40 kg;
fuel consumption - up to 0.56 m³ / h;
warranty - 12 months;
country - manufacturer - Ukraine.

Most of us live in a small house or apartment. Therefore, when installing a gas heating system, the owners want the boiler to take up as little space as possible. Many place it in small bathrooms or kitchens. This gives rise to interest in small wall-mounted gas boilers that have minimal dimensions. Most mounted units have a height of 700 mm, a width of 400 mm and a depth of 250 mm. Consider models of gas boilers with the smallest dimensions.

One of the smallest wall-mounted gas boilers is Ferroli DOMIproject Slim F18. Its height is 655 mm, width - 350 mm and depth - 230 mm. The weight is only 27.3 kg.

This double-circuit model with a closed combustion chamber has a power of 18 kW, which is enough to heat an area of up to 150 m². It has a bithermic heat exchanger and is equipped with the function of accelerated preparation of hot water "Comfort".

The unit is equipped with a digital heating system, a modulating burner that can change the power in the range from 6.7 to 18 kW. Thanks to easy access to internal elements, this gas boiler is easier to service.

Main characteristics of Ferroli DOMIproject Slim F18:

Efficiency=90%;
DHW capacity at Δt=30 - 8.6 l/min;

Ferroli DOMITECH C24

Another compact model manufactured by Ferroli is the DOMITECH C24. Its height is 700 mm, width - 400 mm, depth - 260 mm. The boiler weighs 27 kg.

This double-circuit device with an open combustion chamber has a power of 24 kW and is able to heat a room up to 200 m². It is equipped with a bithermic heat exchanger, as well as multifunctional control and monitoring systems with safety operation. The type of combustion chamber requires the installation of a classic chimney.

Key features Ferroli DOMITECH C24:

Efficiency=90.5%;
country of origin - Italy.

Bosch Gas 3000 W ZS 28-2KE

Dimensions Bosch Gas 3000 W ZS 28-2KE are: height - 700 mm, width - 400 mm, depth - 298 mm. The weight of the model is 30 kg.

This single-circuit unit with an open combustion chamber has a power of 28 kW and is able to heat an area of up to 250 m². It is equipped with a multifunctional display and ionisation flame control. The heat exchanger is made of copper. The type of combustion chamber requires the installation of a classic chimney.

Main characteristics of Bosch Gaz 3000 W ZS 28-2KE:

Efficiency=90%;
country of origin - Turkey.

Teplovest KGO-18-S BUDGET

The compact mounted gas boiler Teplovest KGO-18-S BUDGET has a height of 700 mm, a width of 350 mm and a depth of 250 mm. The weight of the unit is record-breakingly small and amounts to 21 kg.

This single-circuit boiler can be equipped with a turbocharged (C) or atmospheric (B) burner. Its power is 20.5 kW, which is enough to heat 150 m². It is equipped with a monothermal heat exchanger and is able to easily replace an old floor-standing boiler in an existing heating system.

Main characteristics Teplovest KGO-18-S BUDGET:

Efficiency=90%;
gas consumption - up to 2.1 m³ / hour;
country of origin - Ukraine.

Note! Most owners buy small wall-mounted models of boilers to sew up in niches or hide in a closet, while forgetting about the need for repairs. Therefore, during the installation process, space should be left for free access of a specialist to the heating device.

Fondital Antea CTFS 24

One of the smallest mounted gas boilers is Fondital Antea CTFS 24. Its height is 700 mm, width is 400 mm, depth is 250 mm. It has a weight of 26 kg.

This double-circuit model with a closed combustion chamber has a power of 25.5 kW, which is enough to heat 220 m². The boiler is equipped with two separate heat exchangers: the primary is made of copper, the second is made of steel. It has a modern control board and a user-friendly user interface.

Main characteristics of Fondital Antea CTFS 24:

Efficiency=93%;
gas consumption - up to 2.7 m³ / hour;
DHW capacity at Δt=30 - 11.1 l/min;
country of origin - Italy.

Ferroli FER EASYtech C 24

Model Ferroli FER EASYtech C 24 has the following dimensions: height - 700 mm, width - 400 mm, depth - 230 mm. The weight of the boiler is 27 kg.

This double-circuit unit with an open combustion chamber has a power of 24 kW and is able to heat a room up to 200 m². It is equipped with an enlarged bithermic heat exchanger and modern multifunctional control and monitoring systems for safe operation. The type of combustion chamber requires the installation of a classic chimney.

Key features Ferroli FER EASYtech C 24:

Efficiency=90.5%;
DHW capacity at Δt=30 - 11.1 l/min;
country of origin - Italy.

TERMET MiniMax DYNAMIC 24 kW (turbo)

The compact boiler TERMET MiniMax DYNAMIC 24 kW (turbo) has a height of 700 mm, a width of 360 mm and a depth of 300 mm. Weight is 28 kg.

This double-circuit unit with an open combustion chamber has a power of 24 kW and is able to heat an area of up to 200 m². The primary heat exchanger is made of copper, the secondary heat exchanger is made of stainless steel. The boiler is equipped with a modulating burner, as well as the necessary control systems for safe operation. The type of combustion chamber requires the installation of a classic chimney. Main characteristics of TERMET MiniMax DYNAMIC 24 kW (turbo):

Efficiency=91%;
DHW capacity at Δt=30 - 11.4 l/min;
gas consumption - up to 2.7 m³ / hour;
country of origin - Poland.

Gas boiler for heating a private house- this is not only a necessity, but one of the main elements of comfortable living, so the choice must be approached consciously at the design stage of the entire system as a whole. Market heating equipment does not stand still and is constantly developing and the result of fierce competition is the presence of the widest choice of boilers of various brands, configurations and modifications. Unlike owners of city apartments, who most often receive a boiler after the fact, the owner of a private house has the opportunity to choose a unit at almost any stage of designing his house.

From the author: the purpose of this article is to get acquainted with modern heating technology, its main differences, variety and applicability. We are not representatives of any of the boiler manufacturers, but we are engaged in diagnostics and repair of electronics of gas units and we will try to make this review as practical and not biased as possible.

Criteria for choosing a gas boiler

One of the main selection criteria gas boiler is the required power and the need for hot water at home. Ideally, required power boiler is selected on the basis thermal calculation building to be heated. In the process of thermal calculation, the heat losses of the premises, the number of windows, doorways, ceiling height, wall materials and the characteristics of the selected thermal insulation are taken into account.

There is an opinion that it is possible to select the power of the unit at the rate of 1 kW per 10 square meters of area, but this value is rather arbitrary. Modern thermal insulation materials, plastic windows and insulated doors significantly increase the energy efficiency class of buildings, and this figure can be reduced by 20-30%.

A strong overestimation of the boiler power can lead to a decrease in its efficiency. Modern gas boilers allow you to adjust the power in a fairly wide range, but it should be borne in mind that the maximum efficiency and economy of the boiler will be achieved when it operates at rated power. Continuous operation of the boiler

the lower limit of power reduces the efficiency of the unit by about 12-15%. Information on the value of efficiency at different modes work, as a rule, is indicated in the passport or instructions for the device. Overstating the power of the boiler is also fraught with too frequent switching on and off of the device, which negatively affects the actuators and electronics.

When choosing power, some experts recommend taking into account the need for hot water preparation and increasing the power by 20%, or even twice. Naturally, when choosing a gas boiler for heating a private house, it is assumed that residents will also need hot water, but it will be more correct to be guided not by power, but by the number of hot water points and their distance from the boiler room.

Often the final power and type of boiler is selected based on the needs for hot water preparation.

Depending on this criterion, there may be several options:

double-circuit gas boiler

boiler with built-in boiler

single-circuit boiler and indirect heating boiler

Double-circuit gas boiler

Double-circuit gas boilers are designed to heat the coolant in the heating system and, if necessary, prepare hot water, i.e. they have two independent circuits. Depending on the type of boiler, double-circuit models can be with one heat exchanger (primary) and with two additional plate heat exchangers for preparing hot water. When choosing such a boiler, you should pay attention to the performance of the boiler in hot water mode. On average, the water consumption of one point of water parsing at a comfortable pressure and average pressure will be about 8-10 liters per minute.

Based on this, for example, a 24 kW double-circuit boiler will be able to provide approximately 2 points of water analysis, because the performance of the heat exchanger in DHW mode in most cases will be 14-15 liters per minute. And such productivity will be at a temperature delta of 25 degrees, at a temperature delta of 35 degrees this value will be significantly less - in the region of 10 liters per minute. Delta is the difference between the cold water temperature and the required heating temperature. The comfortable DHW temperature is about 40 degrees, therefore, at an incoming cold water temperature of about 5 degrees (in winter), the delta will be just 35. For example, we give these characteristics for some of the most famous models:

With an increase in the power of the boiler, these figures will not increase significantly. For 32-36 kW models, this is approximately 15-16 l / min, and for 38-40 kW, 18-19 l / min. Therefore, it is obvious that a double-circuit boiler with a secondary heat exchanger can be considered mainly for small private houses or apartments up to 120 square meters with two, maximum three points of water analysis. Double-circuit boilers are separate devices and are not designed to work together with boilers.

Summing up, we can distinguish the following features of dual-circuit models:

versatility (both heating and hot water at the same time)

dimensions (can be mounted in a kitchen cabinet)

ease of installation and operation

lower value (cost) of initial costs

Boiler with built-in small volume boiler

Such boilers have some advantages compared to typical double-circuit boilers: instead of a flow-through heat exchanger, a small boiler capacity is installed (usually 40-60 liters) and this means that there is always a small supply of hot water. Firstly, residents practically do not need to wait for the initial water heating. Secondly, the boiler will turn on less often - it happens that it is necessary to briefly open the tap to rinse the cup. The double-circuit boiler in this case will turn on and heat the water for full power, the option with a built-in boiler - will turn on only when the temperature of the spare water drops below the set one. Fewer start-ups - longer service life of actuators.

For example: the Ariston CLAS B EVO 24 FF model (built-in tank of 40 liters) already has a DHW capacity of 16 liters per minute at a delta of 35 degrees and 19 liters per minute at a delta of 30 degrees 10 minutes after switching on!

Obviously, such boilers have a greater degree of comfort, but are significantly more expensive. Also, they are free from the problem of scale formation, that is, they are less demanding on water quality. When choosing a boiler for a private house, you should pay attention to the performance in hot water mode and ease of maintenance.

Single-circuit boiler and indirect heating boiler

An indirect heating boiler is a water storage tank that does not have its own heating element, and heating occurs due to external sources (for example, a boiler or solar panels). According to many experts, the use of a single-circuit boiler and a boiler in the heating circuit is most preferable. From the previous version, such a scheme differs in the volume of the boiler itself in the direction of increase. The boiler is selected based on the needs of the residents of a private house in hot water. There are various methods to choose from, calculators are a topic for a separate review. Individually, it is necessary to determine the maximum possible one-time water consumption, for example, in the morning hours, and select a container of the required volume. The performance of the boiler will depend on the capacity of the boiler, because the capacity of the boiler itself is limited by the capacity of its coil. The volume of the boiler is selected from the peak values of water consumption. If averaged, the following recommendations can be made: up to 80 liters for a family of 1-2 people, up to 150 liters for a family of 3-4 people, and from 200 liters for families of more than 5 people. In non-standard cases, it is necessary to carry out design calculations.

Thus, we get the following advantages of using a boiler:

constant supply of hot water (maximum comfort)

lower hydraulic resistance compared to a plate heat exchanger

reduction in the number of boiler starts

reduced water consumption (no need to drain water while waiting for heating)

no scale formation (does not cancel regular maintenance)

Some manufacturers of heating equipment have ready-made options boiler + boiler, which are installed in a single system.

So, in the end - we select the boiler according to the heat losses of the house, the boiler - according to the needs for the amount of hot water.

In addition to the main operational characteristics, boilers have a number of other differences: the material of manufacture and the type of heat exchanger, the type of combustion chamber, and the method of installation.

According to the installation method, floor and wall boilers are distinguished. Wall-mounted boilers are distinguished by their compact size, light weight and versatility, they are used when there is no separate room for installing a gas boiler. Floor models are equipped with cast iron heat exchangers (therefore, they are heavy) and require certain requirements from the room during installation. A distinctive feature of such boilers is their high reliability. The cast iron heat exchanger is highly resistant to corrosion and long term operation. Among the shortcomings - fragility and heavy weight.

Heat exchangers of wall-mounted boilers can be made of steel, copper, aluminum alloy or stainless steel. Steel heat exchangers are the cheapest and have a number of disadvantages, such as lower efficiency, a tendency to deformation and have a shorter service life. Copper heat exchangers have significantly higher thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance and lighter weight.

Bithermic heat exchanger

It is worth considering separately the design feature of gas boilers with a bithermic heat exchanger. In “bithermics”, heating of the heating coolant and running water occurs in a single primary bithermic heat exchanger (there is no secondary one). When the boiler needs to heat the heating system, the circulation pump turns on; when DHW heating is required, the pump turns off and all power is transferred to the tap water flowing there. The heat exchanger itself is a pipe-in-pipe design (one is heating, the other is hot water). The advantage is low price, but an important need is the water treatment of the water passing through the heat exchanger. Limescale, which actively forms on the walls at high operating temperatures, can significantly reduce the service life.

Atmospheric and turbocharged gas boilers

According to the method of removing combustion products, gas boilers are divided into atmospheric, where smoke is removed from the combustion chamber due to natural draft in the chimney, and turbocharged, in which combustion products are removed by force with a fan.

Gas boilers with a fan are more expensive, but more economical and have higher efficiency. To install such a boiler, a classic chimney device is not required, it is enough to use a coaxial chimney (pipe in a pipe), in which air is supplied and exhausted through one common pipe, which can be taken out of the room through the wall.

Modern variable speed fans allow to achieve significant savings and, in combination with a modulated gas burner, to adjust the boiler power in a very wide range, as well as to obtain high efficiency at low power modes.

Condensing boilers

All roughly represent the process of heat transfer in a conventional gas boiler: the heat exchanger is located directly above the burner and when the gas is burned, heat is transferred to the coolant. During the combustion of the gas-air mixture, the formation of carbon dioxide, water and heat is released. The rest of the heat that the heat exchanger did not have time to accept goes into the chimney, while the temperature of the flue gases can be from 140 to 170 degrees.

With this scheme, a large amount of heat simply flies into the pipe. This is due to the fact that the combustion products contain approximately 10% of water in the gaseous state, i.e. in the form of steam and manufacturers are trying in every possible way to avoid the condensation of this steam inside the boiler or chimney. The layout of a traditional boiler is designed to prevent the formation of condensate, because condensate is water only in a simplified form. In reality, combustion products contain harmful impurities, which form an aggressive mixture of acids (nitric, sulfuric, coal), which lead to rapid wear of the boiler elements.

The process of condensate formation begins when the combustion products are cooled to about 55-57 degrees. Therefore, the solution for extracting additional heat is to cool the combustion products to the conditions for the formation of condensate inside the boiler and control this process. For maximum heat transfer to the heat carrier, a large heat exchanger area and the creation of conditions for the formation of condensate inside this heat exchanger are required. In addition, the condensate, cooling down, gives additional heat, which, in fact, is transferred to the coolant, flowing down the walls. That is why marketers often indicate the efficiency of such boilers as more than 100%, adding to the efficiency of a traditional boiler the effect of heat transfer by condensate.

Example: Baxi LUNA DUO-TEC 1.24 GA. The maximum power is 24.7 kW, and the minimum power is only 3.7 kW!!!

In addition to the efficiency of heat removal, condensing boilers can regulate power over a very wide range. This is especially true in middle lane, where the average annual temperature ranges from 0 to 5 degrees. Therefore, such a boiler will be much more economical than the traditional one in the off-season, when the nominal power of the boiler is not required.

In addition to all the advantages, it is worth noting that in order to obtain the maximum capabilities of a condensing boiler, a low-temperature operation is required (supply temperature is less than 50 degrees), and this is far from always possible. Since the boiler, in fact, is additionally a condensate generator, it must be disposed of under conditions country house with the use of septic tanks - this will have to be taken care of additionally.

In a country house, insects can also become a real problem for such a boiler. The temperature of the exhaust gases is low and therefore attracts insects, and in the case of a coaxial chimney, and x will be continuously sucked into the combustion chamber.

Conclusion

In this review, we have analyzed the main differences gas installations presented on the market, considered typical schemes of applicability. Choosing a gas boiler can be a difficult task, which one to choose - Ariston, BAXI, Vaillant or Protherm? Let's give some advice.

Choose boilers of popular brands, widely distributed in the market of a particular region. The purchase of products from little-known manufacturers can lead to a limitation of the life of the boiler until the first breakdown.

Pay attention to the materials and manufacturers of the main components of the boiler (hydraulic group, circulation pump, heat exchanger). Preference should be given to well-known world brands and durable manufacturing materials.

Expansion tank. It is worth looking at whether the volume of the built-in expansion tank will be sufficient for your conditions, because in different boilers of the same power it can differ in the range from 6 to 10 liters. If the heating system provides its own expansion tank, then the recommendation can be neglected.

Be sure to evaluate the cost of ownership of the boiler and the availability of service and spare parts. You can compare prices for the main components: heat exchanger, electronic board, fan and others. In different regions, the availability of spare parts may be different, so you should give preference to the most common brands, with which in the event of a breakdown, for example, during the heating season, there will be no problems.

When choosing, compare the technical equipment of different models: the presence of self-diagnosis, anti-freeze, post-circulation functions, power adjustment ranges, the presence of a warm floor mode (if necessary) and the ability to connect programming options and weather-dependent automation.

In the case of choosing a single-circuit boiler for antifreeze as a coolant, specify the possibility of its use. Some manufacturers prohibit the use of antifreeze in their boilers.

Be sure to read the terms of the product warranty. In some cases, the warranty can be calculated from the date of manufacture of the product and if you are sold a boiler that has been in storage for two years, you will lose the lion's share of the warranty period.

As for the reviews, we do not recommend using them as the ultimate truth. The history of equipment operation may be different and depend on specific conditions, region, water hardness, power quality, literacy of the designer and installer. Some people take care of things, observe maintenance intervals and operating rules, others believe that you can not approach the boiler for 10 years and everything should work. On the Internet, you can often find overtly custom reviews or reviews written for search engines, so they are often biased and carry absolutely no value. A gas boiler has long been no longer a luxury and is used everywhere, therefore, it is better to take advantage of the reviews of the owners, who are likely to be found in the immediate vicinity.

We hope that this material will help you in choosing a gas boiler for heating a private house, we also recommend watching a video with recommendations from professionals.