The better to cover the basement of the house. Finishing the basement of a private house: aesthetic and practical options. Finishing the basement of the house with artificial stone

The basement is the lower part of the facade of the house. The main purpose of the plinth is to provide reliable protection of the facade from all kinds of pollution and various kinds of damage. It is for this reason that the structural element in question must be made of reliable and durable materials. At the same time, the lower part of the house should be beautiful. To solve this problem, you can use a wide variety of materials. At the same time, finishing the base without any problems is done by hand.

Regardless of which material you decide to use to finish the plinth with your own hands, before starting work, the base must be cleaned of any kind of dirt and carefully leveled. To eliminate depressions, use a special leveling solution. Knock down the protruding parts in a convenient way.

The surface of the base must be impregnated with a primer emulsion. Without such treatment, the plinth will absorb moisture from the adhesive solution, which will not have the best effect on the reliability and quality of the cladding.

Some finishing materials, for example, artificial stone, must be treated with special water-repellent compounds before installation. They will help to reduce the water absorption index of the finishing material and increase the resistance of the cladding to various contaminants.

A large selection of water repellents is available for sale. These are colorless solutions that can be applied with rollers, brushes and other convenient tools. On the lining treated with a high-quality water repellent, moisture will simply flow down without being absorbed into the finish and leaving no marks on it.

A plinth with a similar cladding looks very much like a wall laid out of simple clinker bricks. But the tile has a significantly lower weight and is much thinner compared to the mentioned brick. The thickness of the tiles usually varies from 8 to 20 mm. The width and length are most often the same as those of clinker bricks.

First step. Determine your starting level. To do this, add the value of the width of the future seam to the width of the element, and then divide the height of the finished plinth by the resulting value.

To make the calculation principle more clear, consider the following example. The height of the plinth of the house is 400 mm. The width of the tiles used is 65 mm. Seam width - 6 mm. In total, you will need to stick 6 rows of clinker tiles. The starting level must be set aside 26 mm below the planned ground level.

As a result, there will be approximately a 6 mm gap above the last top row of cladding. You will fill it with polyurethane or acrylic composition.

Second step. Lay the cladding over the entire surface. Lay out in even horizontal rows. For fixing, use an elastic adhesive solution with frost-resistant properties. Apply the solution with a notched trowel to both the plinth and the tile.

Do not cover a large area with glue at once. It dries on average in 15-30 minutes. Usually, during such a time, it is possible to veneer about 1 m2 of the base. Leave the finished lining to dry for about 2-3 days.

Third step. Fill the joints with an elastic mortar specially designed for jointing clinker. The composition must necessarily have frost-resistant properties.

Such tiles do not require treatment with water repellents and.

The finished cladding will be somewhat recessed into the surface (after the appropriate finishing of the outer walls), so there is no need to equip a molding cornice.

Stone cladding has a chic appearance, but requires significant financial costs. Most often, limestone or sandstone is used for plinths. The most expensive and luxurious option is marble or granite cladding.

Finishing elements can have a variety of sizes and textures. At this point, focus on your taste. Sandstones and limestones require pre-treatment with water-repellent compounds.

The procedure for stone cladding is very similar to tiling and is done in a few simple steps.

First step. Determine the lower level of the stone attachment. The calculation is the same as in the case of the facing of the previously considered tiles.

Second step. Apply a mortar for gluing the stone to the pre-cleaned base. The same solution must be applied to the reverse side of the cladding elements. Use strictly glue to fix the stone. The use of other compounds will cause the formation of cracks in the finish and very quickly lead to peeling of the tiles.

Choose the width of the joints according to the size of the tiles. Between the small elements of the cladding, leave seams of half a centimeter. A 2 mm joint is sufficient between large tiles.

Third step. Fill the seams with a special compound for jointing. Make sure that the composition is frost-resistant and elastic enough.

If the plane of the base protrudes against the background of the general plane of the house, be sure to install a protective molding cornice. Without it, your lining will begin to crumble after the first frost.

Externally, such material is as similar as possible to its natural counterpart. Special additives and various kinds of aggregates make it possible to obtain a finishing material with excellent performance and properties, and dyes - to choose a lining that fits perfectly into the landscape.

A large selection of materials is available for sale in various forms, imitating a variety of materials.

Facing is carried out in almost the same way as in the case of tiles.

First step. Apply adhesive to the previously cleaned surface of the plinth and directly to the cladding. Glue can be used elastic or regular. Select the specific composition in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer of artificial stone.

Coat the entire surface. You can make the seams as narrow or wide as you like.

Second step. Fill the seams with a solution specially designed for this.

Third step. Coat the finished cladding with a water-repellent compound. Also, the cladding elements can be subjected to such processing before they are mounted on the wall - there is no difference. Thanks to this treatment, even after a few years, the finish will look almost like new.

In the end, it remains only to install a low tide to protect the base from precipitation.

This is a relatively new finishing material. Outwardly, it can imitate "torn" stone and decorative brickwork. Such a tile is characterized by a small mass, which allows it to be successfully used even for facing structures with a low bearing capacity.

The cladding under consideration is characterized by sufficiently good plastic properties, which eliminates the risk of cracking and various chips. The tile is resistant to moisture and negative temperatures. Pre-treatment with moisture-repellent compounds is not necessary.

First step. Attach the elements of the crate to the previously cleaned base. Collect the crate from wooden slats. Choose the step between the slats in accordance with the dimensions of the cladding elements used.

Second step. Fill the cells of the crate with heat-insulating material. If the basement insulation is not included in your plans, you can also not do the crate. In this case, the tile will be attached directly to the wall.

Third step. Start fixing the polymer sand tiles from the bottom corner of the base. Use screws to fix. Attach the tile to the crate or wall material of the house, depending on the chosen installation method. Complete the cladding of the entire plinth.

An additional advantage of using polymer sand tiles is the possibility of laying insulation simultaneously with the lining.

Externally, this material can successfully imitate sandstone or clinker bricks. The big advantage of this tile is its surprisingly small thickness - 3 mm. The material is characterized by good flexibility, it can even be used for facing arched bases. Also, such tiles can be safely bent at the corner joints of the walls, which greatly facilitates the work.

If necessary, the tiles can be easily cut with scissors. It can be glued to plaster, concrete base and even to insulation. Tiles can have a corrugated and smooth surface. A good selection of colors is available.

First step . Determine the upper level from which you will begin the installation of the cladding elements. The best option is laying a whole number of tiles. Therefore, determine how many horizontal rows of tiles you can glue to your plinth, determine their total height, and then subtract the smaller from the larger value. So you determine the desired gap.

Set aside the required clearance from the top of the base. Finally, you will fill the remaining gap with acrylic or other suitable compound.

Second step. Start gluing tiles. Start mounting the elements from the corner of the plinth. Apply glue with a notched trowel already familiar to you. Glue 4 rows of cladding at once in one go.

Seams may not be filled. The protruding glue will perfectly cope with the functions of the filler. You just need to carefully distribute it at the seams with a brush.

Third step. Protect tiles from rain. To do this, the lining can, for example, be covered with plastic wrap. The protection can be removed after the glue has completely dried, i.е. after 2-3 days.

Outwardly, such a lining practically does not differ from finishing with natural materials, while it costs much less. To protect the plinth, be sure to install a rain eaves (low tide).

Such plaster compositions have a granular structure. The grain size can reach 3 mm and even a little more. After applying the solution, a pattern is formed on the wall, similar to a multi-colored mosaic. The function of the binder is performed by the resin. Thanks to it, the finish simultaneously receives vapor-permeable and moisture-proof properties.

Mosaic plaster is not afraid of frost and various mechanical damage. It is forbidden to apply such a composition to heat-saving and lime plasters. The base of various artificial materials is also not suitable. The best base option is concrete and other substances based on mineral components, gypsum, cement and, of course, lime-sand plasters.

First step. Prepare the solution according to the manufacturer's instructions. Also prepare a tool for applying the composition - a stainless steel grater.

Second step. Start applying plaster from any convenient angle, preferably from above. The layer must have the same thickness. Directly the thickness of the finishing layer should be equal to the size of the grains contained in the plaster.

The applied composition must be smoothed with a grater until it dries. The plaster is applied and rubbed in exactly the same direction.

Third step. Treat the coating with a quality water repellent.

Up to 8 kg of plaster mass can be used to finish 1 m2 of basement. The specific consumption depends on the size of the crumb.

Thus, the finish of the plinth can be made using a wide variety of materials. At the same time, there is absolutely nothing complicated in arranging any available cladding. You only need to follow the instructions and be attentive to the procedures performed.

PVC panels are great for facing small cottages and country houses. In particular, plastic blends well with siding. PVC panels are lightweight, easy to process and do not cause any trouble during installation.

First step. Fix the crate on the wall. It can be metal or wood. Choose the material with which you are more comfortable and easier to work with. The wood must first be impregnated with an antiseptic. Choose the step of the crate according to the dimensions of the panels.

Second step. Start attaching the panels. Start trimming from the bottom of the plinth. To fasten the cladding panels to the crate, you can use self-tapping screws or even liquid nails. Between themselves, adjacent strips are fastened with factory ridges and grooves. Coat the entire surface.

Siding (PVC wall panels)

Third step. Close the upper border of the base with a special patch profile.

Fourth step. Cover the corners of the plinth with corner pieces.

Additional processing of the cladding with a moisture-repellent composition is not carried out. For cladding, you can use panels of different sizes, choose to your taste.

Successful work!

Video - Do-it-yourself plinth finishing

The basement is the lower part of the walls of the building, encircling it around the entire perimeter. Its main function is to protect the building from cold or harsh environmental conditions. It is the decoration of the basement of a private house that performs not only the above functions, but also prevents its destruction and acts as an excellent design solution in decorating the building.

The main purposes of finishing the foundation:

the foundation needs constant care and protection from moisture, sunlight and other environmental factors, thereby increasing its service life;
the surface of the socle without finishing is subject to constant pollution, as a result of which it is destroyed. This happens because in the mud, especially liquid, there are many aggressive substances that cause erosion in concrete, contributing to its destruction;
finishing material protects the foundation from damage by fungus, mold or insects;
the basement is finished in order to insulate it, since forming a large battery, it sucks out the heat of the building. And even a warm floor will not save from this process. Insulation of the foundation is also necessary to maintain its strength, since in severe frosts the erosion process begins;
home decoration, using a variety of finishing materials that act as a decorative element in the design. An example will be presented in the photo.

Types of finishing materials

Do-it-yourself plinth decoration is made with a variety of materials, reliably protecting and decorating its surface. It is recommended to start the process of facing the plinth before finishing the walls, so that when using ebbs, they can be hidden under the facing material of the walls.

Before you decide on the choice of material, you need to pay attention to such nuances:

when finishing the basement with thick building materials, it will be necessary to additionally install a low tide on the surface of its protruding part;
for a significant expansion of the foundation, it is possible to use brickwork;
when using corrugated board or siding, a frame is installed for their fastening, into the spaces of which a heat insulator can be inserted, additionally warming the foundation;
the use of frame-facing technology allows you to carry out repair activities at any time.

For facing the base, materials are used, which are described below.

Brick

slotted;
ceramic;
hollow stone;
hyperpressed modifications.

Ceramic

hyperpressed

Hollow

slotted

The laying technology is as follows:

you need to create an additional foundation. To do this, having made a recess 30-40 cm both in length and in depth from the walls of the foundation, it is covered with rubble, having tamped it well;
a layer of waterproofing is laid;
bricklaying is carried out in half a brick, in spoon rows;
after passing through 3 rows of brickwork, holes are cut in the basement and reinforcement of 6–10 mm is inserted, which is necessary to bond the surface with the facing material.
it is possible to lay a heat-insulating layer between the brickwork and the wall, the joining of which can be carried out with wall thermal insulation, if any. In its absence, the insulation is placed on top of the base under the facing material of the facade.

Clinker

Clinker has an affordable cost and the following advantages:

has a good operational resource;
there is no need to create your own foundation;
The presence of finished corner parts;
due to the low weight of the material, the force load on the frame is minimal;
decorative coating has artistic value;
variety of tiles:
broken stone style;
imitation brickwork;
outwardly similar to a rock polished stone.

Clinker tiles can be fixed in two ways:

this is with a special glue;
frame, which allows not only to decorate the foundation decoratively, but also to insulate it by inserting a heat insulator into the spaces of the crate.

Fake diamond

Artificial stone is a concrete slab with a decorative outer layer. To improve its characteristics, it is modified with special moisture-resistant additives, and for increased wear resistance, its front side is painted.

This facing material is suitable for any facade coverings.

The technology of its fastening, all the nuances:

cleaning the foundation from dust and all kinds of contaminants. When finishing the old foundation, eliminating its errors;
surface primer;
application of adhesive solution and fastening of plates.

A natural stone

Natural stone is a heavy material that significantly increases the load-bearing frame of the house. The following types of natural stone are used:

granite;
dolomitic;
gravel.

Benefits of natural stone:

high strength;
water resistance;
long service life.

The disadvantages of the material are as follows:

the impossibility of performing basement insulation;
limited maintainability;
the presence of many mortar joints, the finishing of which requires additional costs.

Mounting technology is as follows:

before laying the stone, the surface of the basement must be cleaned and treated with a primer;
the stone is attached to the cement mortar;
at the end of the laying of the stone, all mortar joints must be treated with a special grout to ensure their waterproofing, since the mortar does not have these properties.

Panels

Plastic panels are very popular in finishing not only the basement, but the whole house. They have many benefits:

wide range of colors;
various texture imitating natural stone, marble, granite and so on;
affordable price;
simple installation;
the possibility of insulating the basement;
resistance to moisture, sunlight and temperature extremes.

Mounting technology is as follows:

a frame made of metal profiles or wooden slats is installed;
prepared panels of appropriate sizes are joined and attached to the crate with screws;
facing of corners is carried out using corner, prefabricated elements;
an ebb is installed on the upper part of the foundation finish.

Plaster

One of the available options for finishing the foundation is plastering its surface. However, the finishing does not end there, in order to protect the plastered layer from moisture and other external environmental factors, it must be treated with special moisture protective agents, such as acrylic paint, water-based or oil compositions. Thanks to them, the basement is also decorated.

Plastering technology happens:

the first option is the plastering of the basement with its further painting;
the second option is the insulation of the basement, plastering and applying a layer of paint or decorative plaster.

It is possible to use the technology of decorative plastering, resulting in a surface that looks like a fur coat. To obtain a colored coat, dyes are added to the solution.

Mosaic plaster is also popular. It has small crumbs in its composition, which, after drying, creates the impression of a multi-colored mosaic. It has waterproof properties, thanks to the resin in its composition as a binder.

Tile

Making tiles from polymer-sand composite is an inexpensive option from the above. The advantages of this material:

has a different format;
plastic structure, due to which cracking of the tile does not occur;
light weight of the material;
has an attractive texture, imitating natural stone or brickwork;
has good resistance to moisture, sunlight, damage.

The disadvantages include the lack of additional elements, which requires adjustment in the finishing of corners.

Tiles can be fixed in two ways:

the first method involves fixing the tiles on a special glue, having previously cleaned and primed the surface;
the second method involves the creation of a crate on which it is attached. This method has the advantage of being able to insulate the facade.

Porcelain stoneware

The manufacture of porcelain tiles is carried out from various types of clay with the addition of granite chips. Due to this, the material has a strong structure and is suitable for finishing not only walls, but also the basement. Material advantages:

a wide range of colors and textures;
when used, there is an insignificant load on the foundation frame;
retains its appearance for a long time;
has good moisture resistance;
durability;
does not absorb dirt and dust;
simple care.

Laying tiles is carried out on a special adhesive. After that, the seams must be treated with moisture-resistant compounds.

Decorating the finishing layer of the basement surface is carried out in the following ways:

painting with paints suitable for the facade. The advantages of such decoration are the ability to choose a color, shade or draw a pattern that matches the facade decoration and the overall design of the house. Also, this method is the most accessible of many;
applying finishing decorative plaster. With a wide choice of color palette, it can satisfy any needs of home owners;
decorating the basement surface can be done from a regular plastered surface, giving it relief irregularities. After drying such a surface, the finish of the plinth resembles a finishing stone. Any form of irregularities can be produced, at the discretion of the owner of the house.

Photos of different ways to decorate the base are presented below.

Finishing Features

The basement is the foundation of any building, so the importance of its finishing speaks for itself. Since the plinth is constantly exposed to external environmental factors, finishing materials must be durable, resistant to moisture, cold and sunlight.

Finishing material should not only protect the basement from adverse factors, but also give an aesthetic appearance to the building. The plinth is finished before the walls are finished. There are two types of plinth finishes, raised and recessed, each of which has its own advantages. To improve the adhesion of finishing materials and the foundation, a primer is used.

Summing up, we can say that the decoration of the basement is of great importance, it acts not only as a decorating element in the design of a private house, but also acts as its protector, so the basement is one of the main parts of the building - this is its foundation. For its decoration, different building materials with different characteristics and properties are used, the choice of which is made from the personal preferences of the owner and his financial capabilities.

The basement of the house performs not so much a decorative function as a practical one. In many cases, it serves to reduce heat loss (it is specially insulated), and also prevents the spread of atmospheric and underground moisture to the walls of the house. It also transfers the load from the walls to the foundation - if the foundation is tape or slab. Therefore, the lining of the basement of the house should be not only beautiful, but also functional. In accordance with this task, the finishing material is also selected.

When to start finishing the basement

It is best to finish the base after it is done. In this case, the finishing material will hang over the track. As a result, even the most oblique rain or streams of water flowing down the walls will not be able to get between the wall and the blind area - water enters the path at a distance of several centimeters from the junction. Namely, through this joint, water penetrates to the foundation, bringing dampness and other problems.

You need to start facing the basement of the house after the blind area around the house is made

One more moment. Many people think about whether to insulate the basement or not. If you want to save on heating, the answer is to insulate it, as well as the blind area. The knot of insulation and lining of the basement - one of the options - is shown in the photo below.

When using the basement as a residential floor, there are no issues with insulation, since the answer is unambiguous - of course, to insulate. But even if you do not have a subfloor, heating costs will be much lower, and the floor in the house will become much warmer.

How to veneer the basement of the house

There are a lot of materials for finishing the basement. The main requirements: moisture resistance, frost resistance, strength. These requirements are met by the following materials:

Natural stones sawn into plates (flagstone) or chipped, the so-called "torn stone":
- sandstone (layer);
- granite;
- marble;
- slate;
- dolomite;
- shug.
Small cobblestone.
Large river pebble.
Clinker tiles (clinker brick).
Paving slabs.
Porcelain tile.
Finishing brick.
Facade panels, plinth siding, PVC panels (these are all names of the same material).
Plaster (decorative and "under a fur coat").
Decking.

Some of them cost a lot, some are negligible, but they can all be used. The material is chosen based on financial capabilities and previously used finishing materials - the aesthetic component also plays an important role. The technologies for finishing the socles with different materials will be discussed.

Preparation and warming

First of all, if the existing plinth is uneven, its surface is leveled with plaster. A cement-sand mortar is used for plastering the basement: for 1 part of cement (Portland cement M 400), 4 parts of pure building sand, preferably river sand, are taken. For greater plasticity, you can add a little lime or liquid soap (50-80 g per bucket of solution). The solution should be of medium density: so as not to crawl from the wall. There is another option - to use a special composition. For example, such as in the video.

If the laying of tiles, stone or other similar material then follows, after leveling the mortar on its surface, notches are made with the tip of a trowel (trowel). They are applied in the form of a grid over the entire surface. These shallow grooves will give the necessary support for the finish.

If the base is insulated, notches are not needed. EPS (extruded polystyrene foam) or foam boards are glued directly onto the plastered surface. They are lightweight and adhere well to glue. Their surface is smeared with diluted tile adhesive and pressed against the plaster. Finishing materials are then attached to the surface prepared in this way.

Painting, plastering and "fur coat"

In principle, if the plaster is well leveled, after the mortar has dried, the surface can be painted and stop there. This is an inexpensive but viable option. If you took the facade paint, which is intended for outdoor use, the basement will look good for a couple of years. Then you have to remove the old paint and paint again - to maintain the appearance.

The next way is to apply a layer of decorative plaster on top of ordinary plaster. And again, choose those formulations that are intended for external use. They can be tinted in the desired color or take colored ones. The only negative is that plasters are often porous and it is necessary to clean off splashes of dirt that fall on the walls during bad weather with a brush, and sometimes with detergent.

Until now, in some areas, the method of finishing the base "under a fur coat" is popular. This is when the solution is applied not in an even layer, but in small fragments. Previously, this was done with a broom of twigs. They dipped it into a liquid solution, hit the stick with the handle so that the spray flew onto the wall. This is how they made a “fur coat” - a finish with a torn surface. Today there are special devices for applying plaster, powered by a compressor. With their help, such a finish is easier to do.

Finishing the basement of a house using materials in the form of slabs or tiles is technologically more difficult. So that it does not fall off, you need to know some subtleties.

How to fix porcelain stoneware or clinker tiles

If heavy materials such as porcelain stoneware or clinker bricks are simply put on glue, on a plastered surface with grooves, they will probably hold up normally. And they can even stay for a while. Even a few years. But then they will begin to fall off along with the solution. Especially in those places where there are no grooves or they have insufficient depth. To improve adhesion, you can apply an impregnation layer that improves adhesion (adhesion), but this is not a guarantee, especially if the material is heavy.

The same picture will be if you glue the materials directly on the insulation. Surface is smooth and easy to apply. But after a while, the finish will fall off. Faster than with a plastered surface. About this video.

To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to fix a metal painting grid, preferably galvanized. It is fastened with dowels, putting on a dowel-nail a piece of galvanized steel, the size of which is larger than the size of the cell. Fasten at the top, bottom and in a checkerboard pattern in the middle. It turns out a reliable basis for material of any severity.

Glue is applied to the plinth and to the tile. On the tile, they are removed with a notched trowel, put in place, tapping the trowel handle, put in place, leveling the plane. The distance between the tiles is maintained with the help of crosses, only their thickness is taken to be significant 3-5 mm.

In general, the laying technology is similar to. The only difference is that the glue must be special for outdoor use. The second difference: finishing materials for the base begin to be laid from below: they are heavy and they need support. You lean on the blind area the bottom row, on it - the second, etc.

Finishing the basement of the house with natural stone (shell rock, granite, dolomite, slate)

No matter how attractive artificial shiny surfaces seem, for some reason a rough stone causes great sympathy. But laying a foundation from rubble is difficult and not everyone can do it so well that a house can stand on it. But anyone can finish a finished monolithic or natural stone with their own hands, especially if at least some of the work on building a house is done personally.

It is clear that no one will fix the whole stones: the finish will be too heavy, and very voluminous. Therefore, they came up with a stone to slab or chop. Depending on the technology, either an even “flake stone” is obtained - with almost even surfaces, or a “torn stone” with an uneven front part. Sometimes these materials are cut into identical rectangles, sometimes they are left in the form of uneven plates, but in any case, this is a natural stone and the decoration of the basement of the house from it turns out to be beautiful and waterproof.

There is this material from expensive stones, for example - marble, there is cheaper - slate, dolomite, shugnite, lemezite, granite, etc. They look very impressive. Especially if it is a torn stone, although flagstone sometimes looks no worse.

Surface preparation will be exactly the same: it is best to stuff a paint grid on a plastered plinth, and lay stone plates on it with glue. If they are even - natural stone with processed edges - the laying technology will repeat one to one described above.

If the stone has torn edges, finishing the basement of the house becomes more difficult: it is necessary to select plates of such a shape that the seams are not too large. When using this option of finishing stone, you will need a grinder with a stone disk: most likely you will have to file the plates of the lower and upper rows. Correction will also be required when making corners. See the video for an example of this technology.

There is a second way. The plastered surface of the base is first smeared with a composition to improve adhesion (adhesion), then fragments of the finish are installed on it with glue. They are fixed in a predetermined position with the help of scraps of the same stone or pieces of materials of the desired size. The seams are left unfilled. After the glue has “grabbed”, the seams are filled with a thin solution from a construction syringe, rubbing and leveling as necessary.

In any case, the glue that has got on the finish must be removed in a timely manner. It will be very difficult to do this with a frozen one, and the look of the glue is far from attractive.

Sometimes, for a clearer pattern, the seams between the stone plates are drawn with dark paint. Then the surface is coated with a protective impregnation. It gives the stone a slight sheen, and often increases water repellency.

An example of facing the basement with natural stone using the second technology, see the following video.

Facing with boulder or small cobblestone

Boulder or cobblestone is not necessary to buy. It can be dialed on a river or on a pebble beach on the sea. Run-in stones are chosen flatter - round ones are more difficult to "mount". The order of work and all other subtleties are almost the same as in the case of natural stone trim. The only difference is that these stones must be washed in water with detergent before use. Firstly, the water in our ponds may have oils that need to be removed, and secondly, they may be in clay or algae, which can cause the finish to fall off.

To make everything look organic, you can first lay out a “picture” of cobblestone cladding on the path next to the place where you will veneer the basement. They have different shades and their random combinations are far from always attractive. Having laid out everything side by side, you will have an idea of \u200b\u200bwhat will happen as a result.

Watch the video about the features of finishing the plinth with cobblestone.

How to install plastic (PVC) plinth panels

This type of finish is called differently: basement or facade panels, basement siding. They have a varied appearance: for different types of stone, tile, brick.

To install PVC panels on the plinth, it is necessary to assemble the frame. It is made from a wooden beam 50 * 50 mm. Since the finish will be outdoors, the wood must be protected with impregnations that prevent decay and protect against pests.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

Assembly is easy. Only after fixing, it will be necessary to make ebbs on top: the crate and panels have a fairly decent volume and a gap remains on top. You can close it with roofing iron, as in this video. Immediately look at the technology for finishing the basement with plastic panels.

In the same way, the plinth can be finished with corrugated board. There is only one remark: it is desirable to lay insulation in the voids between the crate. It will be much warmer in the house.

Finishing the base of the pile foundation

As you know, there is no plinth. But if you do not block the space, drafts walk under the house, the floor will always be cold, and all living creatures like to settle under the house. Therefore, the base, although decorative, is necessary. It can be done in two ways.

There is one subtlety if the house is installed on screw piles or. Such foundations are often placed on highly heaving soils. So that when the soil is raised, the finish does not collapse, it is not brought to a certain distance from the ground. To prevent animals from climbing into the gap, a metal mesh is fixed at the bottom.

What material is best for facing the basement of a house? This question worries many who are faced with the need to finish this design. The plinth encircles the entire house and is an important element that protects the building (especially its lower part) from the harmful effects of the environment. In addition, it plays an important decorative role.

There are several types of basement at home, each has its own characteristics. Various forms are shown in the photo:

sinking. This variety is a structure that is located with an offset inward in relation to the main facade. The recess is most often at least 50 mm. Such a device allows you to perform work at low cost, as well as make the drain less noticeable.
In one plane. This option requires complex sealing, so the drain system must be fixed at the stage of general construction. This will avoid further problems.
Speaker. To sheathe such a basement at home with your own hands, it is necessary (as in the previous version) to think over the drain system in a qualitative way. If it is not installed correctly, water accumulates in the area where the foundation and wall are separated. To avoid such troubles, moisture removal is planned taking into account the finishing of the facade.

Drain device for a protruding plinth when finishing the facade with siding

On a note! When choosing a material for cladding, one should take into account the design features.

The need for finishing

If the finishing of the foundation of the house has not been completed earlier or the old cladding has become unusable, then the outer cladding must be made. Its main functions:

Protecting the foundation of the house from environmental influences (precipitation, sunlight, wind). This allows you to significantly increase the durability of the entire structure.
Additional insulation. If required, a layer of thermal insulation is created, which can be associated with the insulation of the blind area. This procedure not only improves the energy efficiency of the building, but also saves it from many problems. The top facing layer will hide the insulation and serve as an additional barrier against the penetration of cold.
Decorative. An area finished correctly and with suitable material can emphasize the overall direction of the design.

Based on these parameters, the building products necessary for the work are selected.

How to sheathe the foundation of the house outside?

The material for the base is purchased taking into account the following factors:

Also pay attention to the manufacturer of the product and the place of purchase. It is better to give preference to trusted brands and specialized outlets.

Types of finishing materials for the plinth and features of their installation

When choosing a material, you need to consider the method of its installation. There are options that are mounted directly on the walls, but there are also those that require the construction of a frame.

Materials for finishing the foundation, installed on the crate, are relatively new products. This list includes types that differ in technical characteristics.

Panels

This includes panels made of different materials, it is customary to include siding and corrugated board in this group. When choosing, it is better to give preference to options that are made specifically to finish the base. They have more stable characteristics and may include an additional layer of thermal insulation.

Plinth cladding with decorative panels

Among the advantages of the products are:

Availability. Indeed, it is this variety that makes it possible to perform work inexpensively. This option allows you to get a balance of price and quality. But it is necessary to refuse products with too low cost. Most likely, they are made of low-quality plastic, which will quickly become unusable.
Ease of installation. Paneling occurs with the help of a tool that every home master has, so you do not need to involve specialists for work.
Possibility of additional thermal insulation. Installation on the frame solves two problems at once - ventilation and insulation. This will save the coating from freezing, reduce heat loss and the likelihood of mold and mildew.

Decorative. Panels, especially plinth ones, have a well-defined imitation of natural materials. That is, the lined area fits perfectly into the design idea and the environment.

Attention! The choice of inappropriate products can greatly spoil the result. For example, corrugated board for such a process must have increased rigidity, that is, have a durable top coating.

Porcelain stoneware and types of tiles

Porcelain stoneware and clinker tiles in the form of large parts are mainly used for plinth cladding. The second option can also be laid by the wet method, then fragments of the material are used. Porcelain stoneware, due to its large weight, is installed only on the crate, while it must have increased reliability.

Advantages of porcelain stoneware and tiles:

Small load on the building. This effect is achieved due to the frame, which takes on the main pressure.
Fast installation. It is possible to revet the foundation of a house in a short period of time, but it is extremely problematic to do this without a certain experience. Porcelain stoneware needs to install special fasteners, which is not always possible without understanding the process. The tile is fixed much easier, for this there are special metal ears.
Durability. The service life of such materials for the foundation is calculated in decades.
Moisture resistance. Parts do not absorb water well, so they are not subject to deformation.

Such materials for the foundation have a significant disadvantage - high cost. You do not need to purchase cheap tiles, as this often indicates poor quality. For work, a variety for the street with the "Snowflake" icon is used.

An alternative to tiles can be artificial stone. Elements are installed on the crate through special holes or directly.

On a note! At the moment, thermal panels are becoming increasingly popular, which combine the advantages of panels and tiles. They are a base with insulation, on which clinker tiles are applied.

How to sheathe the foundation using crates

All options for finishing the plinth, which involve installation on the crate, have a common technology for sheathing the structure:

Work begins with the preparation of the foundation. It is cleaned of dust and dirt, all cracks are carefully covered with putty. If there is serious damage, then before finishing the basement of the house, it is advisable to strengthen the foundation.
Due to the fact that this part of the building is exposed to more moisture, it is treated with antiseptics. It is better to impregnate in several layers.
After preparing the surface, the frame is erected. For this purpose, a wooden beam or a metal profile can be used. It is important to consider that wood needs to be treated against rot, and metal parts cannot be cut with a grinder, this leads to corrosion.
Racks are installed perpendicular to the direction of laying the material. If the products have the same sides, then the vertical method is considered preferable.
A heater is placed in the resulting cells. It is fixed on special anchors.
Vertical connections are mounted between the racks of the frame and a place is left for installing a low tide.
The material for finishing the plinth is laid in several ways: overlapping, by means of a tenon-groove connection, on special brackets or clamps. Fixation is made on self-tapping screws. If the products are subject to thermal expansion, then the fasteners are loose.
The tide is installed.

For the foundation trimmed with panel elements, additional moldings are used. They are installed at the corners for a better decorative look.

Frameless way

It is possible to clad the basement of a house without the help of a frame; for these purposes, different product options are used.

Brick

Features of the material application:

Great for pile or block foundations. But for the installation of brickwork, it is necessary to create a reliable support.
The resulting coating has good resistance to external influences.
Products with low moisture absorption are used for work. If this parameter is not taken into account, then the surface is deformed.
This type of plinth finish does not differ in affordable cost, and certain experience is required for work.

Masonry creation algorithm:

The coating is being prepared.
If there is no reliable support, then a foundation block will do. He burrows into a prepared pit. This is especially true for pile foundations.
Waterproofing is laid on top of the base. In this capacity, roofing material can act.
The first row is mounted after a thorough level check. In this case, the spoon version of the masonry is more suitable.
To ensure reliability, a bunch is arranged. For this, anchors are installed in the foundation. If this method is not possible, then a wire with fixation on piles is used.
The tide is installed.

The difficulty lies in the need for reliable laying of bricks.

Artificial and natural stone

Facing the foundation with artificial or natural stone is not an easy task, especially for the second option. Both varieties have excellent technical parameters in terms of durability and reliability, but natural products need more careful maintenance and are expensive.

Laying natural stone is carried out as follows:

Regardless of the type of finish, the surface must be carefully prepared.
Due to the heavy load, the foundation should be covered with a reinforcing mesh and covered with a layer of plaster.
Laying of parts occurs after drawing up the markup. If the fragments are irregular in shape, then they are first laid out on a flat area.
Fixation is carried out on a special glue, which is applied to the surface, the wrong side of the parts is slightly moistened.
A small gap must be left between the fragments, it compensates for thermal expansion.
If required, the joints are grouted and the tide is installed.

According to a similar principle, the basement of the house is finished with artificial stone and tiles.

Plaster

Plastering is the most economical option that allows you to perform work without the involvement of specialists and sophisticated equipment. For this process, a special type of mixture for external use is used.

On a note! Finishing the foundation with your own hands using plaster is carried out in two ways: without additional thermal insulation and with insulation.

General technology of work:

The surface is being prepared.
A layer of glue is applied on which the heat-insulating material is fixed.
After the composition dries, the insulation is additionally strengthened with special dowels.
Next, a small layer of mortar or glue is applied to the surface, after which a thin reinforcing mesh is stretched. It should be completely covered with the mixture.
The surface is left to dry.
The final layer is plaster. A spatula is used for its application, and a rule for leveling.
At the end of the work, the surface is covered with a protective layer of paint.

This method allows you to bind the insulation to the thermal insulation of the blind area.

Plinth decoration

Decorative finishing of the foundation is considered an integral part of the process. The following options apply:

Coloring. It is carried out even after the passage of time. You can choose a shade that is most suitable for the cladding of the house and favorably highlights the plinth.
The use of decorative or textured plaster. Such material is tinted and may include a fraction of natural stones or sand. It gives an unusual effect when applied correctly.

Decorative plaster in the design of the basement

Creation of a relief surface. For this, simple facade plaster is used, on which an imitation of stone or brick laying is formed. Additionally, staining is carried out in different tones.
The simplest is the use of materials with the desired imitation.

Working with a plinth is a rather complex undertaking, the basis of which is the correct choice of products.

The plinth is a part of the foundation, which is located above ground level and prevents moisture and cold from entering the structure, protects the facade from various damage and pollution. Also, the basement is the supporting structure of the building of the entire structure, so it is under strong pressure.

Why is it necessary to finish the basement of the house

To protect the plinth from the negative influence of natural phenomena and various mechanical damage, it is necessary to pay attention to its decoration. Without finishing, it will not fulfill its main protective function. Since the plinth is integral with the facade of the building, it performs not only a protective, but also a decorative function.

Plinth cladding is an excellent decorative material. A building with an open basement looks unkempt and unfinished. Finishing will give the entire facade of the building a finished and attractive look. The whole appearance of the house will depend on how the basement is finished.

Thanks to modern finishing materials and building technologies, it is possible to ensure that the basement of the house will be protected and will not require major repairs for a long time.

Cladding materials

There are a lot of design options for the basement. They differ from each other in texture and in the properties of the materials used. Each material has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages.

Plastering and painting

This finish is one of the inexpensive and affordable option for most consumers. The main ingredients of the plaster mixture are cement and sand, thanks to which the plaster acquires strength and chemical inertness. The composition of the plaster may contain various dyes and additives, thanks to which the plaster acquires a decorative color and texture.

Therefore, a wide selection of colors of decorative plaster is on sale for every taste. Various modern technologies for applying plaster make it possible to create various relief and textured surfaces.

The advantages of this type of plinth finish include the affordable cost of the material, since the ingredients are not expensive materials. The reliability and strength of the plaster is the advantage of this material. At the same time, any scratches or chips can be easily reconstructed.

Plaster is also good because it can hide all the irregularities of the basement. In addition, the plastered plinth is well tolerated by increased moisture, overdrying and other environmental influences. All these factors will not affect the structure of the coating. The disadvantages of plastering include an unattractive appearance and the need for additional coverage.

Also, a clear disadvantage of plaster is that it does not have any thermal insulation characteristics and does not insulate the surface in any way. In addition, the plaster is short-lived. Crack patching and painting required.

A natural stone

One of the practical and durable finishing materials. The most commonly used sandstone, small cobblestone, granite or marble. If the laying process was carried out in compliance with the technology, then this finish can last forever.

In addition, it is an environmentally friendly natural material. The unique structure of the stone, the variety of colors and natural shades allows you to choose a finishing material for any color scheme at home. For cladding of this type, specially prepared stone slabs are used, which can have a different shape.

The disadvantages of such material include a rather high cost and a rather difficult installation process.

A plinth of this type will look spectacular and expensive.

Fake diamond

It is an alternative replacement for natural, but less durable type of material. It has the same beautiful appearance, strength and reliability. Resistant to negative environmental phenomena and mechanical damage. However, it is much cheaper and facing works are carried out easier. In addition, thanks to fillers and special additives, artificial material can be of any shade.

Porcelain stoneware

This is an environmentally friendly material, which consists of clay, sand and mineral components. The material has wear resistance, high density and strength, and also has a pleasant appearance.

Using it as a plinth cladding will ensure a high level of fire safety of the building, since refractory clay is included in this material. In addition, porcelain stoneware has good thermal insulation properties.

Another important advantage of porcelain stoneware is its high resistance to moisture. The material is not afraid of continuous wetting and perfectly protects the building from the effects of water. This type of finish will not only protect, but also decorate the entire structure.

Clinker tiles

The raw material for clinker tiles is slate clay.

The plinth lined with clinker tiles will look expensive and beautiful. It will look like a brick wall. However, clinker tiles are lighter and thinner than bricks. Finishing the plinth with tiles will not only give an attractive look to the whole house, but will help protect against the effects of nature.

Laying tiles is quite simple. Tiled material is attached to the facade with a special moisture-resistant adhesive mortar, cement glue.

Available in various colors, it can be both smooth and textured. Fairly reasonable price. The disadvantages include a short service life. The winter period is especially negative, defects on the tiles can appear as a result of severe frosts.

Siding

Siding is a fairly inexpensive material, besides a quick and easy option for finishing exterior work. It has durability and high quality. The moisture resistance of the material also belongs to the advantages. Modern technologies make it possible to create facade siding panels of various shapes and colors. The disadvantage of this finish is flammability and deformation in size with temperature changes.

What type of plinth finish to choose?

All finishing materials for lining the basement have their advantages and disadvantages. When choosing a facing material, remember that when interacting with atmospheric precipitation, it must retain its durable and aesthetic qualities.

First of all, the material must be reliable in order to serve a long service life. In addition, frost-resistant - withstand the processes of freezing and thawing and at the same time not be covered with cracks. Water absorption is also an important indicator.

Do not forget that the texture of the basement of the building should be combined with the walls and the entire structure as a whole. The choice depends, first of all, on the design features of the building, on personal preferences and financial capabilities.

Since a large selection of materials is available, this allows you to create exactly the right home decor that meets the personal preferences and intentions of the designer.

Plinth finishing technology

The technology for finishing the base will depend on the chosen finishing material. As a rule, finishing technology takes place in three stages: installation of the frame, laying insulation, fixing the finishing material.

Of course, one of the simplest finishing options is plastering. It is required to apply a layer of durable plaster to the surface of the plinth. You can do this work yourself.

The most difficult. For finishing works made of natural stone, you will have to invite specialists. You need to have certain knowledge and skills. In addition, additional reinforcement of the frame will be required due to the large weight of the material, and the stone processing itself requires special equipment.

Facing with artificial stone is easier, since the material is light in weight and additional reinforcement of the base of the structure is not required. Therefore, the cladding process is greatly simplified, and the time for preparation and execution of work is reduced.

Properly executed basement cladding using good materials will provide the right microclimate inside the house and extend the life of the building.

Main stages

The whole process of lining the basement can be divided into the preparatory stage and the actual laying of the finish:

Preparatory stage. Before installation, the plinth surface must be prepared for further finishing. To do this, the base must be cleaned of accumulated dust and dirt, the cracks and flaws that have appeared must be puttied, and the surface must be leveled.
A waterproofing layer and the installation of a heat-insulating layer are required.
Then you need to prime the surface of the base.
When all the preparatory work is completed, you can proceed to the procedure for finishing the basement with facing materials. In most cases, an additional frame will be required to support the structure and give it strength.

After completion of the finish, it should be coated with water-repellent protective impregnations to extend the service life.
Finishing the basement of the house is desirable to carry out in the warm season, when the weather is dry and sunny.