What is penoplex used for? Penoplex: technical characteristics. Cost of material and installation work

To make it comfortable to live in the house in any weather, so that one can go out on the loggia even in winter without warm clothes, you need high-quality insulation of walls, floors, ceilings. Today, many new heaters have appeared that protect house structures from heat loss. And penoplex stands out among them. Why has it become so popular in industrial and domestic use, what are its advantages and where is it used?

Reasons for popularity

Penoplex insulation has now become very popular in the insulation of buildings. They protect everything - from foundations to ceilings on balconies.

This is due to the fact that the material attracts by its most important properties:

• Working with him does not require special skills and knowledge,
• It is inexpensive and the insulation is economical in price.

What is Penoplex

Penoplex insulation is an extruded expanded polystyrene. By its structure, penoplex - be it 31, 45. 31 - resembles the well-known foam plastic, but it has slightly different characteristics due to the peculiarities of production.

During production, expanded polystyrene granules are foamed with freon or carbon dioxide. This makes it possible to obtain a material that is absolutely harmless to health, hypoallergenic and has a number of advantages over foam and other insulation materials.

Penoplex is produced in the form of plates. The technical characteristics of Penoplex insulation are considered one of the most optimal for protecting a building. The dimensions of the slabs are standard, but they can be cut.

Material properties

The composition of the penoplex does not include any biological substances. Therefore, it never decays or decays. At least in the foreseeable future, the material cannot decompose under the influence of the environment and microorganisms - manufacturers declare that its service life reaches 50 years or more.

The material has a very low thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.03 W / m · ºK, therefore it is a universal insulation.

Penoplex is currently used for:

• insulation of buildings,
• insulation of roads,
• runway insulation.

Specifications

• Significant flexural and compressive strength,
• Its water absorption is 0.2-0.3%,
• Vapor permeability of the material - 0.007-0.008 mg / m · h · Pa,
• Resistance to temperatures - the insulation retains its characteristics and properties at temperatures from -50 to + 75 degrees.

Penoplex advantages

Thanks to these technical characteristics, the insulation has the following advantages:

• The material is resistant to combustion and is considered fireproof,
• Serves without losing its qualities for a long time - from 50 years,
• Does not release toxic substances into the air during operation,
• Does not absorb moisture,
• Simple and easy to use.

Penoplex types

At the moment, several types of penoplex are produced, each of which has its own areas of application. Although this is a fairly versatile material, it is still better to follow the recommendations of the manufacturers and use different types of foam for certain types of work.

Penoplex is of the following types:

• Penoplex Wall has a density of 25-32 kg / cu. m. and serves for insulation of walls and partitions of buildings, basement floors.
• Penoplex foundation has a density of 29-32 kg / cu. m. and serves to protect foundations from freezing, basements, basements. The water absorption of this type of material is practically 0.
• Penoplex roofing has a density of 28-33 kg / m3. It is distinguished by its particular lightness, moisture resistance and a rigid structure. Therefore, it is more convenient for them to insulate roofs of any kind.
• Insulation penoplex 31 perfect for insulation of walls, ceilings, floors. It is widely used to insulate loggias and balconies, as well as to protect a number of roofs that are not in use - that is, they are not loaded with anything other than snow during precipitation.
• Insulation 35 it is designed for floor insulation and is especially often used to create warm floors.
• Insulation penoplex 45 has a density of 35-47 kg / cu. m. and has a number of special characteristics that allow it to be a versatile material. Its compressive strength reaches 10% and is equal to 0.5 MPa. Its water absorption is such that even when completely immersed in water, the insulation 45 is practically not saturated with water.

Due to its qualities, it is used for the insulation of industrial facilities. Penoplex 45 is widely used for insulating runways, any roads - railway tracks and asphalt road surfaces, especially if they are laid on heaving soil and permafrost; insulation of floors, foundations, roofs.

Penoplex 45 allows you to insulate exactly the operated roofs, which can be entered by vehicles, as well as floors that have a large load. Therefore, 45 is used for the insulation of industrial facilities.

When it comes to the construction of residential buildings, then in the field of insulation of foundations and walls, especially in a harsh climate, Penoplex 45 is practically unmatched.

Important: All types of penoplex are not afraid if they freeze, thaw and freeze again. At the same time, this does not affect their properties in any way. They are resistant to acids, salts, alkalis, lime, alcohols, water-based paints, ammonia, cement, animal and vegetable oils.

Application features

Penoplex slabs are easy to cut - they can be cut to the desired size with conventional cutting tools. After cutting, the slabs are laid and fixed. It is necessary to choose glue for penoplex based on the manufacturer's recommendations. It should be borne in mind that some adhesives can damage it. The material is not resistant to gasoline, kerosene, benzene, polyester resins, acetone, oil paints.

You can store the plates outdoors. But we must protect them from lying under the sun for a long time, since in the light the upper layers of the material begin to collapse.

The technical characteristics of the material make it an almost ideal insulation. Therefore, it can be used in almost any conditions and on any objects. And the simplicity of installation and work with it makes it available for independent work.

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When performing thermal insulation work, they are used. These materials can significantly reduce heat dissipation into the surrounding space. Penoplex is especially popular, the technical characteristics of which make it possible to use it in various regions. By choosing slabs of suitable thickness, you can ensure a sufficient level of thermal insulation of walls, floors, ceilings. Let's talk about this insulation in more detail.

Penoplex is a universal thermal insulation material

Penoplex - extruded polystyrene foam, which got its name from the trademark of the same name. It belongs to the category of the most popular thermal insulation materials due to its unique technical characteristics and reasonable cost. It is actively used for insulating various surfaces in the construction and reconstruction of residential buildings and public buildings.

During the production process, polystyrene granules are foamed under high pressure and temperature conditions. The process is catalyzed by carbon dioxide and light freon. The finished mass, similar to cream whipped with a mixer, is blown out through special nozzles of the extrusion unit. Here, freon evaporates, and the resulting voids are filled with air.

This production technology makes it possible to obtain a finely porous material, inside which adjacent cells with air are isolated from each other. The diameter of the air pockets does not exceed 0.1-0.2 mm. Due to the uniform distribution over the entire volume of the material, the manufacturer provides the required level of properties. The material is highly durable and exhibits excellent thermal insulation characteristics. By selecting a material of sufficient thickness, the desired effect can be achieved.

For your information! Penoplex 50 mm is used for thermal insulation of buildings, roads, runways.

The manufacturer offers various types of thermal insulation material:

• Foundation capable of withstanding significant loads during operation. The minimum thickness of the slabs is 50 mm. If necessary, you can order a thicker heat insulator if the building will be operated in the northern regions;
• Roof, which has a special shape that facilitates the process of laying the slabs. With the help of this type of heat-insulating material, it can provide high-quality protection of the roof from external cold. In this case, it becomes possible to use the attic as a living space;
• Comfort... Penoplex thickness of 30 mm, as a rule, is sufficient for high-quality thermal insulation of the walls of a residential building or loggia;
• Wall... A suitable option for wall insulation inside and outside the assignment. The thickness of the material can be 20-50 mm. If the work will be done from the inside, it is better to choose a thinner material. For the facade, it is worth ordering thicker slabs.

Attention! The thickness of the 10 mm foam is not enough for high-quality insulation of the walls of the building, which is operated in winter. Thicker slabs should be chosen, for example 70 mm.

Related article:

The main technical characteristics of foam for the foundation

According to its technical characteristics, the GEO penoplex corresponds to the old type of Penoplex 35, the production of which was carried out without a flame retardant. It is used for thermal insulation of surfaces, the fire resistance of which is not subject to increased requirements. The material belongs to the G4 group.

The main area of ​​application of the heat insulator is the insulation of loaded structures with the subsequent application of a protective layer. The material is in demand when installing a cement-sand screed, thermal insulation of the foundation, floor, basement of the building or garden paths. The slabs become a reliable protection for, ensuring drainage of groundwater and reducing their impact on the underground structures of buildings.

For your information! Biostable durable insulation is in demand when building a shallow foundation on heaving soils.

The minimum thickness of the Penoplex Foundation is 50 mm. If necessary, it is also possible to purchase slabs with a thickness of 80 mm. Plates are capable of withstanding significant loads throughout their entire service life. Their strength at linear deformation of 10% is 0.25 MPa. Water absorption by volume for 4 weeks does not exceed 0.5%. The insulation is able to serve for more than half a century, including when used in the harsh climate of the northern regions.

Basic technical characteristics of Comfort Penoplex

This type is universal. Technical characteristics of Penoplex Comfort 50 mm allow for thermal insulation of many surfaces. With its help, the roof, basement, floor and foundation of the building are simultaneously insulated. A low level of water absorption, not exceeding 0.5% for 4 weeks, makes it possible to use Comfort when insulating, swimming pool or. Thermal insulation of other objects is possible, the operation of which is carried out in conditions of high humidity.

The tight joining of the elements to each other contributes to an increase in the stability of the enclosing structures. Not biodegradable. There is no need to fear that insects will appear inside the heat-insulating material, which will destroy the structure of the plates from the inside. Able to serve for more than 50 years, while maintaining its technical characteristics. It can be operated in various regions, including the northern ones.

The material is quite dense, and therefore does not sag when attached to a vertical structure. It is necessary to correctly perform the installation and reliably protect all the plates. The density of Comfort foam is regulated by TU 5767-006-54349294-2014. When cut, it does not crack or crumble. Compressive strength depends on the thickness of the slabs: if less than 60 mm - 0.12 MPa, more than 70 mm - 0.18 MPa.

Attention! Finishing must be done on the insulated surface.

The application of the finishing layer allows:

• Give the penoplex an aesthetically pleasing appearance. The material itself does not allow you to form a beautiful surface that could be exploited without additional processing;
• Prevent slab color changes;
• Avoid material destruction.

The main technical characteristics of the roofing foam

Plates Penoplex Roofing are in demand in the construction industry. The material with a characteristic orange color is produced with a density of 35 kg / m3. Allows to form a rigid and moisture-resistant heat-insulating layer with low weight. It can be used for roofing of various types, thermal insulation of building facades, floors and walls of erected and reconstructed buildings, basements, laying of utilities.

The material is classified as moderately flammable. During combustion, it emits a large amount of smoke. This feature should be taken into account when choosing a heater for a living space.

The special connection of the spike-groove elements allows to form a homogeneous layer without cold bridges. Due to the refusal to overlap adjacent elements during the installation process, it is possible to optimize the thickness of the heat-insulating layer to be arranged and more rationally dispose of the free space.

The water absorption by volume of the slabs does not exceed 0.5%, and therefore the heat-insulating layer practically does not absorb moisture. The high strength allows it to withstand the significant load that the heat-insulating material can be subjected to during the installation of plates and the subsequent operation of the insulated object.

If the facade of the building is to be insulated, instead of the roofing foam, you can use a special type of heat insulator. Its characteristics were initially adapted for this type of work. The price of Penoplex insulation for walls outside the house is acceptable for many. It depends on the thickness of the slab. For you can purchase material with a thickness of 20 mm, for a residential building - 50 mm.

Extruded polystyrene foam: technical characteristics and price of quality boards

This type of thermal insulation material became available to users more than half a century ago. Extruded polystyrene foam, which is sometimes referred to as extruded polystyrene foam, immediately became a universal insulator, in demand when performing a variety of works. Manufacturers offer standard size sheets that can be transparent or colored. Due to its special structure and unique production technology, sheet plastic demonstrates high performance during operation.

Attention! Before buying, it is worth finding out the required insulation characteristics. Penoplex must meet the requirements.

Technical characteristics of 50 mm penoplex may differ slightly depending on the type of material. However, in most cases, they vary within a fairly narrow range.

The technical characteristics of Penoplex 35 include:

• Low water absorption capacity. The main advantage of this insulation. The heat insulator absorbs water molecules only in the sections, since air cells are open in these zones;
• Low thermal conductivity. On average, this indicator is 0.03 W / m · C;
• Versatility. The manufacturer offers material of various thicknesses, making it possible to insulate many surfaces. It is used for thermal insulation of walls, foundations, loggias and balconies;

• Low vapor permeability coefficient;
• Long period of operation. Penoplex is able to withstand repeated freezing / thawing without loss of basic performance characteristics. On average, such material can last about 50 years;
• High strength. During operation, the insulation withstands significant load and pressure due to the presence of the smallest air bubbles in the material, which prevent the compression of the material;

• Ease of installation. The material can be easily cut with a sharp knife, giving the elements the desired shape. The place of the cut does not crumble. Installation work can be performed all year round, since the heat insulator is not afraid of exposure to UV rays and high humidity. Plates can be fixed at any time of the year;

• Environmental safety. During the production of insulation, freon is used, which does not have a negative effect on the atmosphere. During operation, the insulation does not emit substances that can have a negative effect on the human body;
• Fire safety. The material is resistant to combustion;
• Minimal chemical activity and biological inertness. When performing construction work, a large number of substances with increased surface activity are used. Only a few are able to interact with penoplex. The heat insulator does not rot or decompose.

Penoplex is not the only extruded polystyrene foam that can be purchased for home insulation. Similar technologies are used by other manufacturers, they offer high-quality insulation.

The technical characteristics of Technoplex are somewhat different from those of Penoplex. This is facilitated by a change in the composition of the raw materials used. A certain amount of graphite is added to the composition of the mass to be extruded. The result is a highly effective water-resistant insulation material.

Technoplex absorbs noise well and has a long service life. At the same time, it is somewhat inferior in strength. It works well at fairly low temperatures typical of the far north and has a lower level of water absorption. Only 0.2%. However, when buying this type of thermal insulation material, you will have to pay more. Considering that a large amount of material is usually required for wall insulation, this factor can be decisive when choosing.

Video review: extruded polystyrene foam

Penoplex sheet sizes: how to choose the right one?

A special technology for the production of extruded polystyrene makes it possible to form a material with a unique structure, which ensures high strength of the plates and guarantees a unique thermal conductivity. As a rule, a material of small thickness is used for thermal insulation of various surfaces. When choosing a suitable option, you should be guided by the manufacturer's recommendations.

If an object is to be insulated, the operation of which will be carried out in a temperate climate, plates with a thickness of 35-50 mm can be used. Their technical characteristics will provide the required level of wall or roof insulation.

For regions located in cold climatic zones, it is worth purchasing insulation with a thickness of 70 mm. Even if the frost is more than -30 ° C, a comfortable temperature will be maintained inside the building.

For foam boards, the dimensions are standardized. The manufacturer offers slabs 1.2 m long and 0.6 m wide in various thicknesses. The last dimension can be in the range of 20-150 mm. The choice of a suitable thickness should be made taking into account the operating conditions of the insulated surface.

Before purchasing thermal insulation material, you should calculate the required amount. To do this, you need to know the area of ​​the surface to be insulated. You should definitely find out, choosing 50 mm penoplex, how many m² are in the package. This will determine the number of packages that are worth purchasing. Sheets are also sold individually, and therefore the missing quantity can be purchased additionally.

For those who buy penoplex, how many pieces in a package matter. This indicator depends on the thickness and type of slabs. For a material with a thickness of 50 mm, the ratio is as follows:

Insulation type	Image	Number of plates in a package, pieces
Comfort		7
Wall		10
Foundation		8

Penoplex 50 mm price: the main factors affecting the cost

For penoplex, the sizes and prices are in direct proportion. The thicker the plate, the more you will have to pay for it when buying insulation. In addition, the type of material has a significant impact. In the production process, certain components are introduced into the composition of the raw materials used. This inevitably affects the cost of the material produced.

Advice! To find out how much penoplex costs, just tell the seller the required thickness of the insulation and its type.

If you are interested in the price for a sheet of foam of a certain type and thickness, you can focus on the following data:

Name	Sheet thickness, mm	Number of sheets in a package, pcs	Sheet cost, rub.
Comfort	20	18	77
	30	12	115
	40	9	153
	50	7	187
	100	4	385

Penoplex is an extruded form of expanded polystyrene. An improved version of the foam is produced by extrusion of polystyrene and special additives. In order not to get confused among the variety of types and choose the best option for thermal insulation of the house from the inside and outside, you need to familiarize yourself with the technical characteristics, scope and installation technology of each type, study the weaknesses and identify all the advantages of foam.

To understand the principle of operation and the effectiveness of a heat-insulating material, it is necessary to know its structure, properties, positive and negative aspects.

Penoplex - a new generation thermal insulation material

Insulation production and composition

The process of making penoplex consists of the following stages:

1. Expanded polystyrene granules are placed in an extruder, where they are heated to a temperature of 130-140 ° C.
2. Porophores are introduced into the mass - foaming additives.
3. Thick foam is squeezed out of the extruder, fed to the conveyor and cut into sheets of a given size.

Composition of porophores in penoplex

The composition of penoplex, in addition to expanded polystyrene and porophores, includes:

• antioxidants - prevent thermal oxidation during processing and prevent degradation when using insulation;
• flame retardants - reduce the flammability of the material;
• antistatic agents, light stabilizers and modifiers protect against the harmful effects of the external environment.

Penoplex technical characteristics

Extruded polystyrene properties

Evaluation of the technical characteristics of penoplex is the basis for making a decision on the use of one or another type of insulation.

Based on the digital indicators, we can conclude that penoplex is an effective thermal insulation material. However, for objectivity, it is worth considering its properties in more detail:

1. The minimum water absorption is one of the main qualities of the insulation. Water can only penetrate into damaged outer cells that were deformed during installation. There is no water access inside the material.
2. Low thermal conductivity. Due to the cellular structure and the absence of water absorption, the penoplex insulation has an insignificant coefficient of thermal conductivity. The combination of these qualities makes it possible to use the material for insulation of the roof, foundation, facade without an additional moisture-proof layer.
3. Resistant to water vapor. The vapor permeability of a 2 cm thick penoplex slab is equal to that of one layer of wall roofing material.
4. Resistant to compression and mechanical stress. Due to the extrusion technology of production, the smallest cells are evenly distributed, increasing the strength of the material. Under heavy loads, dents up to 1 mm deep may appear.
5. Ease and convenience of installation. Despite its low thermal conductivity, penoplex is lightweight. This quality makes it easier to climb to a great height and does not entail a significant weighting of the structure.
6. Duration of operation. Most manufacturers give a guarantee for extruded polystyrene foam for up to 50 years. It should be noted that this period is not exaggerated, since the material has passed multiple tests (freezing, thawing and heating to high temperatures).
7. Additional pluses: good soundproofing qualities and low chemical activity.

Penoplex is lightweight and easy to handle

Standard sizes of penoplex are:

• length - 1200-2400 mm;
• width - 600 mm;
• thickness - 20-120 mm.

Combustion of extruded polystyrene foam

Weaknesses and disadvantages of insulation

Despite the wide range of positive characteristics, penoplex also has some disadvantages:

1. High level of flammability (G3-G4) and smoke generation. The self-extinguishing ability depends on the quality of the material, the presence of fire retardants and the composition of the decorative canvas. After the ceasefire, the penoplex smokes caustically.
2. In production, polymers are used, which, upon contact with UV rays, change their characteristics and can emit toxic fumes. In view of this, external use of penoplex is considered optimal.
3. Some petroleum products and organic solvents deform the insulation, changing its structure. These reagents include:
   • formaldehyde / formalin;
   • acetone / methyl ethyl ketone;
   • complex and simple ethyls;
   • benzene, xylene, toluene and the like hydrocarbons;
   • polyesters - epoxy hardeners;
   • oil paints;
   • kerosene, diesel fuel and gasoline.

Comparative characteristics of the parameters of different heaters

Comparison with other thermal insulation materials

The effectiveness of the insulation is primarily determined by its thermal conductivity. The lower this indicator, the more heat is retained inside the room. The scope of application of heat-insulating material largely depends on its density and vapor permeability. Comparative characteristics of popular heaters are presented in the form of a table.

As you can see, penoplex (extruded polystyrene foam) has an average thermal conductivity, inferior in thermal insulation properties to polyurethane foam, polyurethane mastic and roofing material. An important advantage of the use of "foam" means is the absence of butt joints, as in the case of slabs.

Interesting. To preserve heat, insulation foam made of foamed PVC paste is sometimes used. In addition to the thermal insulation function, the material also plays a decorative role. However, it does not tolerate humidity and temperature fluctuations, therefore it is recommended for indoor use.

Insulation thickness to ensure heat capacity

High heat capacity allows to reduce the thickness of the insulation.

• Q is the thickness of the wall structure, m;
• R - heat transfer resistance (depends on the climatic zone, the average value is 2.1 sq. M ° C / W);
• Y is the thermal conductivity of the insulation, W / sq. m ° C.

For example, when laying bricks, the minimum wall thickness should be: 2.1 * 0.7 = 1.47 m. The same foam wall with a density of 30 kg / cu. m will be thick: 2.1 * 0.036 = 0.076 m, or 76 mm.

The area of ​​use of the pressed heat insulator

The scope of application of extruded polystyrene foam is very wide:

• Foundation protection. Insulation of the base of the building reduces the depth of soil freezing and increases the service life of the waterproofing material.
• Basement insulation. Installation of slabs is possible directly on gravel.
• Insulation of floors and ceilings. Penoplex sheets are easily mounted on a flat base, with minimal waste when cutting.
• Creation of an insulating layer of the roof, attic and balcony. These measures reduce heating costs for a home or office space.
• Insulating a house outside with foam is a popular way to reduce heat loss. It will be possible to complete the cladding of the facade yourself - the technology is quite simple and does not involve the use of expensive tools.

Specifications of different brands

Principles for marking thermal insulation boards by density

The modern designation for different types of penoplex is an alphanumeric code. The marking indicates the properties and purpose of the insulation.

Penoplex 31 and 31C - is characterized by low strength and ultimate density of 30.5 kg / cu. m. The difference between the two categories in the class of flammability - in the first version there are fire retardants that increase resistance to fire. Heaters 31 and 31C provide thermal insulation for static structures: sewer pipes, engineering and heat transfer systems.

According to GOST, Penoplex 35 should have a density in the range of 28-38 kg / cu. m and a compressive strength of 83 kPa. Such indicators determine the versatility of the material. Type 35 is in demand when insulating walls, floors, pipelines and foundations. Plus - weak combustion.

Penoplex 45 and 45C have similar characteristics. Its high density allows it to be used in the construction of runways, highways, thermal insulation of the foundation and floors in production and storage facilities.

Penoplex-Wall parameters

Insulation classification by purpose

Along with the marking described above, there is a different designation system for different types of penoplex. It is simpler, and the name of the insulation indicates its scope.

Penoplex-Wall (series C) is mainly used for external wall insulation and when arranging plastered facades. Finishing the plinth and internal partitions improves the sound insulation and energy efficiency of the home.

Advice. When deciding which penoplex to choose for wall insulation, it is better to give preference to the material of the C series. Its characteristics are in many respects similar to extruded polystyrene foam of the 31C brand.

Characteristics of K series penoplex

Penoplex-Roof (K series) is used as a heat-insulating layer of a roofing pie or insulation for an attic floor. The density of the brand is 28-33 kg / cubic meter. m, so the material insignificantly makes the rafter system heavier.

The technical characteristics of Penoplex-Foundation of the F series are designed to insulate the basement of the house and the foundation. Suitable as a heat-insulating material for septic tanks, where there is a risk of freezing of the body. Heaters of category F are used to improve garden paths on a sand-cement base.

Qualitative properties of Penoplex-Foundation

Penoplex-Comfort is designed for internal and external insulation work at home. It is considered universal and is in demand for thermal insulation of balconies, loggias, roofs and walls. The minimum water absorption makes it indispensable for insulating "damp" rooms.

The density of the base of Penoplex of the Comfort series is in the range of 25-35 kg / cubic meter. m, and the rest of the parameters correspond to a heater of category 31C.

Characteristics of Penoplex-Comfort

Features of installation in various fields of application

The specifics of working with penoplex depends on the purpose of the insulation and the upcoming conditions of its operation. Compliance with the scheme and technology of placing the thermal insulation layer helps to maximize the properties of extruded polystyrene foam.

The technology of insulating the walls of the house from the inside

The insulation of the walls from the inside of the room itself is an undesirable process, which should be resorted to only if thermal insulation from the side of the facade is impossible. Internal installation of insulation has significant drawbacks:

• the point of accumulation of condensate shifts to the side into the thickness of the wall, and high humidity leads to its destruction;
• the usable area of ​​the room decreases;
• load-bearing structures remain unprotected from the effects of cold air.

Important! Penoplex is the best option for warming a room from the inside. Mineral wool has a high level of water absorption, and foam is a brittle material that crumbles under mechanical stress.

Negative effect of condensation on the wall

Algorithm of thermal insulation from the inside:

1. Prepare the base:
   • remove the old finish;
   • putty cracks, clean from dirt and dust;
   • treat the surface with a primer.
2. Cut out the penoplex and prepare an adhesive solution.
3. Apply glue to the wall and insulation boards.
4. Glue the penoplex to the wall, check the evenness of the adhesion of the sheets in the places of door and window openings.
5. Additionally fix the material with plastic dowels.
6. Plaster the walls.

When working, it is necessary to take into account:

• the optimal thickness of the foam for wall insulation from the inside is 3-5 cm;
• it is necessary to ensure normal air circulation in the room - install wall valves or an air handling unit.

"Running in" the insulation with a needle roller

How to properly insulate a building from the outside

The technology for installing extruded polystyrene foam plates from the outside of the house is similar to the process described above. However, there are some nuances:

1. The recommended thickness of the foam, according to the norms of SNiP 23-02-2003, is not less than 12.4 cm.
2. To increase the adhesion of the insulation to the wall surface, the slabs must first be "rolled" with a needle roller.
3. Penoplex installation is carried out after installing window sills, ebb tides and finishing the slopes.
4. The basement profile serves as a support for the insulation, which is selected in accordance with the thickness of the material.
5. Sheathing is carried out with tile moisture-resistant glue, for example, Ceresit CT-83.
6. The final fastening with umbrella-type dowels is made after the glue has hardened - after 3 days.
7. The joints between the sheets must be foamed.
8. When using two layers of insulation, the plates are laid out in a checkerboard pattern.
9. A reinforcing mesh is glued to the fixed insulation, and a leveling layer and finishing are on top.

Video: using foam for wall insulation outside

Thermal insulation of the floor in different rooms

Floor insulation technology depends on its basis. Thermal insulation of the floor on the ground is performed in the following sequence:

1. Cover the base with 40 mm gravel.
2. Lay a 10 cm sand pillow.
3. Tamp the base thoroughly.
4. Expand the penoplex, insulating the seams with metallized tape.
5. Lay the waterproofing membrane, fasten the joints with tape.
6. Place reinforcing composite or galvanized mesh.
7. Set up beacons for screed and fill with cement-sand mortar.
8. After the screed has dried, cover the floor with a finish.

Floor insulation scheme on the ground

Warming of a concrete floor is carried out in several stages:

1. Inspect floor slabs for damage.
2. Level the base by removing cracks, grooves, protrusions and dust the surface.
3. On the first floor, cover the floor with a waterproofing film, and on the second floor and above, the penoplex is laid directly on concrete.
4. The insulation is "put" on the glue, placing the sheets with an offset so that the seams do not coincide.
5. Lay a waterproofing film and fill the floor with a self-leveling mixture.
6. Cover the finishing coat.

Insulation of a concrete floor

Laying a floor with water heating involves placing layers in the following sequence:

1. Fill the overlap made of reinforced concrete with a leveling screed.
2. Lay the foam-plastic sheets and cover them with polyethylene, seal the joints.
3. Place reinforcing mesh over the entire area of ​​the room.
4. Spiral the heating elements and fill them with a heat-resistant screed.
5. Cover the floor with finishing - tiles or laminate.

Layout of pipes when installing a warm floor

Knowing the purpose, loads and operating conditions of the penoplex, it will not be difficult to choose the right insulation. It is quite possible to do the installation of penoplex with your own hands, with the exception of high-rise facade work - in this case, it is better to resort to the help of construction climbers.

Currently, there are many different thermal insulation materials on sale. One of them is Penoplex insulation whose technical characteristics fully meet the highest requirements for thermal insulation of almost any building elements.

Modern technologies with the use of non-toxic components make it possible to produce lightweight and easy-to-install heaters. "Penoplex" is produced by extrusion using various chemical additives, so the material cannot be called absolutely environmentally friendly.

The technical and operational characteristics of "Penoplex" clearly show that today it is one of the most effective heat-insulating materials. and the parameters of this insulation should be considered more closely.

What Penoplex?

"Penoplex" is, in fact, extruded polystyrene foam, which is an improved form of a long-known foam plastic.

The first installation for the manufacture of this material appeared more than half a century ago in the United States. The production process proceeds as follows: polystyrene granules are sent to a special chamber, where, in the process of manufacturing the working composition, they are melted and foamed using porophores under the influence of high temperatures. The result is a lush, thick foam similar to whipped cream, which is squeezed out in an even layer of a set thickness from the nozzles of the extruder, and then enters the conveyor belt and is cut into separate panels. The whole process takes place behind closed doors, and you can only see the finished product.

Penoplex prices

penoplex

Foaming of polystyrene occurs by adding porophores to it - chemical compounds, when heated, there is an active release of gaseous products - carbon dioxide, nitrogen and others, which foam the polystyrene mass. The composition of porophores for the manufacture of extruded polystyrene foam may include the following substances:

The composition is prepared and molded at a temperature of 130–140 ° C at a rate of up to 60 kg / h. In this way, not only Penoplex is produced, but also Technoplex, Extrol and other domestic and imported heaters.

In the form of additives to such materials are used light stabilizing substances, antioxidants, flame retardants, modifiers, antistatic agents and other components.

1. Antioxidants are added during the extrusion process - they prevent thermal oxidation during processing and rapid destruction during storage and operation of the insulation.
2. Fire retardants reduce the flammability of the material or make it completely non-combustible.
3. Other additives protect the material from aggressive environmental influences.

Porous structure of "Penoplex"

When the extruded polystyrene foam solidifies, an air gap remains inside it, evenly distributed throughout the structure of the material. Therefore, the finished insulation has a homogeneous porous structure with small cells ranging in size from 0.1 to 0.3 mm, filled with air (gas). Each of them is isolated from the other, which ensures the highest thermal resistance and material strength.

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Technical and operational characteristics " Penoplex»

The main characteristics of the material are shown in the table:

Physical and mechanical properties	Technical standards	unit of measurement	Type 31	Type 31C	Type35	Type 45C	Type 45
Density	GOST 17177-94	kg / m3	from 28 to 32	from 28 to 32	from 28 to 38	from 35 to 40	from 40.1 to 47
Compressive strength 10% linear deformation, not less	GOST 17177-94	MPa (kgf / cm2)	0,20 (2)	0,20 (2)	0,25 (2,5)	0,41 (4,1)	0,5 (5)
Elastic modulus	UNION DORNIA	MPa	-	-	15	18	18
Static bending strength	GOST 17177-94	MPa	0.25	0.25	0,4-0,7	0,4-0,7	0,4-0,7
Water absorption in 24 hours, no more	GOST 17177-94	% by volume	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.2
Fire resistance category	SNiP 21-01-97	group	D1	G4	D1	G4	G4
Thermal conductivity coefficient at (25 ± 5) ° С	GOST 7076-99	W / m2 × оС	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.03
Vapor permeability coefficient	GOST 25898-83	mg / m × h × Pa	0.008	0.008	0.007	0.007	0.007
Standard sizes
Width	TU 5767 - 006 - 56925804 - 2007	mm	600
Length			1200	1200	1200	2400	2400
Thickness			30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100	30, 40, 50, 60, 80,100	20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100	40, 50, 60, 80,100	40, 50, 60, 80,100
Partition sound insulation (GKL-Penoplex (50mm) -GKL) R w	GOST 27296-87	dB	41	41	41	-	-
Index of improvement of structure-borne noise insulation with a slab thickness of 20-30mm in a floor structure	GOST 16297-80	dB	23	23	23	-	-
Operating temperature range	THAT	oC	From - 50 to + 75
Durability	NIISF Moscow test report No. 132-1 dated 29.10.01	years	The manufacturer guarantees 50 years

As you can see, several varieties of "Penoplex" are produced, which are designed for a specific area of ​​application. Therefore, slabs of material have a retail density and a certain range of standard sizes. The insulation is easy to install, lightweight, perfectly cut to the required size. All this allows the process of thermal insulation of building elements to be carried out independently.

Plates "Penoplex" are very easy to install

The table gives "dry numbers", but it is worth considering each of the parameters in more detail.

• Coefficient Tthermal conductivity

"Penoplex" has a low thermal conductivity: this parameter is one of the lowest among all modern heaters, about 0.03. The thermal conductivity of the material remains practically unchanged with changes in humidity or ambient temperature (fluctuations do not exceed 0.001 ÷ 0.003 W / m2 × ° WITH). Therefore, "Penoplex" is suitable for both external and internal thermal insulation - they also produce floors, basements and foundations, and it does not require additional external protection with moisture-resistant materials.

• Hygroscopicity

If the insulation is overly hygroscopic, that is, it actively absorbs moisture, it loses not only most of its heat-insulating properties, but also becomes less durable. Therefore, this parameter is especially important for materials intended for insulation. and you need to pay special attention to this when buying. However, when buying a high-quality Penoplex, there is no need to worry about this parameter.

To ensure the reliability of Penoplex in this regard, numerous tests were carried out during which the stove was completely immersed in water for a month. As a result, it turned out that the slab absorbed moisture by only 0.6% of its total volume. Moreover, the process of absorption took place only during the first 10 days after immersion, and moisture penetrated only into the external a layer of insulation, which was damaged by an incision. Its inner part remained completely dry. This factor speaks of the reliability of insulation with the help of "Penoplex" of any part of the structure.

• Vapor permeability

This type of expanded polystyrene, like "Penoplex", perfectly resists fumes. The slab, which has a thickness of 20 mm, has a vapor permeability comparable to a layer of roofing material. Therefore, using this insulation material, no additional vapor barrier is required, which significantly reduces the cost of the entire house or a separate part of it. However, in some cases, low vapor permeability will rather be a disadvantage - Penoplex will not allow natural vapor exchange, that is, the wall will not “breathe”.

• Compressive strength

Thanks to the technology of production by the extrusion method, "Penoplex" has a homogeneous structure, and the uniformity of the distribution of the smallest cells increases the strength and reliability of the material. It is able to withstand heavy loads, therefore it is excellent for insulating not only walls and ceilings, but also floors. At high loads, only minor surface changes remain in the form of dents, the depth of which can be as little as 0.5 ÷ 1 mm.

• Environmental friendliness

According to technological standards, "Penoplex" is conceived as an environmentally friendly material. However, not all manufacturers adhere to these requirements, including components that are unsafe for the human body. Therefore, over time, low-quality products begin to secrete substances that stimulate the development of certain diseases. Much also depends on the installation of the material on walls - retreat from technology can make Penoplex a source of danger to human health.

A quality material should be self-extinguishing, that is, spread the flame even when exposed to an open fire. Unfortunately, not all materials behave in this way - some of them not only burn, but also melt, turning into a burning flowing mass, moreover, emitting a large amount of caustic and extremely toxic scalding smoke.

It is difficult to determine the quality of the product by its appearance, therefore, before purchasing a large batch of material, it is worth buying one stove and conducting various experiments on it in the open air. After making sure that the insulation meets all the characteristics assigned to it, you can buy the required number of panels.

In addition, it must be said that there is an abundance of low-grade counterfeits made in violation of the technological process on the market. This material is especially dangerous, since it is not known how it can behave under extreme circumstances.

• Lifetime

Since the insulation is also used for external insulation, during tests it is subjected to repeated freezing and thawing - these procedures indicate the number of cycles of using the material in conditions of large temperature differences. Experiments are carried out until damage from external influences appears on the material. It is the number of sustained cycles that determines the service life of the insulation.

Experiments carried out at NIISF showed that Penoplex is able to serve without losing its original qualities for about 50 years. Usually, such a guarantee is given with a margin, which means that the specified period exploitation is not the limit.

During the tests, the material is exposed not only to temperature extremes, but also to all kinds of atmospheric influences, such as high humidity, ultraviolet rays, and strong wind load.

Again, it is necessary to remind of the manufacturer's conscientiousness - the material will be operated without problems for the specified period if all the established rules for its manufacture are observed.

• Insulation resistance to chemical attack

When using "Penoplex" in construction, you need to know which substances are capable of destroying the insulation, and which ones are in perfect harmony with it. Basically, the mineral chemical compounds that are used in construction practice are not harmful to this material, but some organic substances cause it to soften or melt.

In order not to face such troubles during work, it is better to prepare in advance and exclude substances containing such components from the insulation process.

Substances incompatible with Penoplex include:

1. Esters and ethers: ethyl acetate and methyl acetate solvents and diethyl ether.
2. Toluene, benzene, xylene and similar hydrocarbons.
3. Formaldehyde and formalin.
4. Diesel fuel, kerosene, gasoline.
5. Ketones - acetone, methyl ethyl ketone.
6. Coal tar.
7. Oil paints.
8. Complex polyesters, which are used as epoxy resin hardeners.

It is worth listing those compositions that will not harm Penoplex:

1. Various alcohols and substances based on them, including paints.
2. All types of acids (inorganic and organic).
3. Bleaching powder.
4. Saline solutions.
5. Water and paints based on it.
6. Alkalis.
7. Ammonia, propane, butane.
8. Freons.
9. Carbon dioxide and oxygen.
10. Cement based mortars.
11. Vegetable and animal oils, as well as paraffins.

In addition, it can be noted that "Penoplex" has a high biostability - it is not subject to rotting and decomposition.

Penoplex marking

Previously, in the marking, the letter was in the first place, and then numbers, for example, M35 and M45, went. The modern designation is as indicated in the table above, that is, 31.31C, 35, 45 and 45C.

1. "Penoplex" 31 has a fairly low compressive strength, so it is not used in areas where a high load is expected. Most often it is used to insulate containers and various pipelines.
2. The material marked 31C is also not very durable and is intended for insulation of internal walls. Its difference from 31 is in a higher degree of flammability of the material.
3. "Penoplex" 35 has a fairly high strength and good heat-insulating qualities, therefore it is considered universal. They insulate walls, foundations, floors and pipes.
4. "Penoplex" 45 is used for thermal insulation of runways, arrangement of road surfaces, thermal insulation of deep foundations, floors in production halls and other premises with a high dynamic load. The density of this material allows it to withstand increased loads, and its water resistance does not allow the coatings to deform at temperature extremes.
5. 45WITH has characteristics close to "Penoplex" - 45 in terms of strength and thermal insulation, but insulation with this marking is usually chosen for fixing on the walls of industrial premises with large volumes.

Along with digital marking, there is another line in which the characteristics of "Penoplex" are as close as possible to its operational purpose.

Sometimes marking is done in a slightly different way, and it is much easier to understand it.

• "Penoplex - Wall" has a density in the range of 25 ÷ 32 kg / m³ and is intended for fixing on external and internal walls, as well as for insulation of partitions and plinths, which increases energy efficiency and the quality of sound insulation of the building.

"Penoplex" for wall insulation

If the insulation is carried out outside the building, then after fixing the insulation and sealing the joints between the slabs, it is recommended to apply plaster on top of Penoplex or revet it with one of the facade materials, such as lining, siding or decorative tiles.

• "Penoplex - Foundation" has a density of 29 ÷ 33 kg / m³ and is used to insulate foundations and surfaces in basements. The material is quite dense and water-resistant, since it is designed to insulate precisely these elements of buildings. It is also used for thermal insulation of septic tanks, which are not too deep, and there is a risk of freezing.

• "Penoplex - Roof" is produced for warming rafter or flat roofs. In addition, it is also suitable for insulating attic floors. The density of this grade of material is 28 ÷ 33 kg / m³, so it is light enough and will not give a big load on the rafter system.

• "Penoplex - Comfort" has a density of 25 ÷ 35 kg / m³ and is used to insulate the walls of apartments, balconies and loggias, as well as surfaces in private houses and such premises with high humidity as baths and saunas. The density of the material is low, but it is quite enough for residential buildings, since it will not be subjected to heavy loads.

• "Penoplex - 45" has a density of 35 ÷ 47 kg / m3 and its purpose has already been discussed above. But besides this, it is used to insulate the floors of garages and flat roofs, on which sports grounds and even parking lots are organized.

Fundamentals of Penoplexom insulation technology

In order for the insulation to fully cope with the tasks assigned to it, it is necessary to observe the technology of its installation on certain elements of the structure.

Wall insulation outside

Correct installation of "Penoplex" on the outside walls will determine not only the preservation of heat in the premises of the house, but also the health of its residents. Unfortunately, in violation of the technology to save money, many builders fix the insulation only on special fastenings - dowels with wide caps, which are called "fungi". Such an installation will not only not insulate the walls, but will also contribute to the appearance of mold or fungal colonies inside the dwelling, which can grow and penetrate into the wall material. This is due to the fact that due to the loose fit of the insulation material to the wall, the dew point shifts. Therefore, if a decision has already been made to carry out insulation, then it is worth doing it according to all the rules.

• The first thing to start with is the preparation of surfaces for the installation of Penoplex. The wall must be cleaned of old plaster, dirt and dust. Then it is primed with antifungal solutions.

If, after cleaning the surfaces, obvious deformations or irregularities are found, then they must be leveled with a layer of plaster, otherwise the plates will not adhere tightly to the wall. After the wall has been leveled and dried, it should be primed again.

• "Penoplex" begins to be installed from the bottom of the wall, and in order for the first row to stand perfectly evenly, an L-shaped starting profile is fixed along the broken line, on which they will carefully stand insulation plates material .

• Next, there is the installation of the first row of material on the wall. The boards are fixed to the surface using special adhesive solutions, which are applied directly to the board. After that, she snuggles well against the wall.

Installation of "Penoplex" is carried out according to the brickwork scheme, and there should be no gaps between the slabs. If, nevertheless, they remain, they must be filled with polyurethane foam after the main glue has dried.

• Further, after the plates are glued, they must be fixed with plastic dowels - "fungi". To do this, holes are drilled in the wall directly through the insulation, into which a part of the dowel is installed with hat, then a plastic nail is driven into it. Such fasteners will require 5 ÷ 6 pieces per m², if necessary, their number can be increased. The hats of the fasteners should be flush with the surface of the insulation, that is, pressed into it by the thickness of the cap.

• After that, it is recommended to reinforce the corners with perforated metal corners. This must be done because the material on the corner parts of the house is the first to be damaged.
• Next, there is the stage of surface reinforcement. In order for the plaster mortar to have good adhesion to insulation plates, you need to walk on them with coarse sandpaper.

Then, a cement-based plaster-adhesive composition is applied to the surface from the upper part of the wall, on which a reinforcing fiberglass mesh is fixed. It is well leveled and embedded in the first layer applied to the slabs.

Wall reinforcement over "Penoplex"

• The first layer with reinforcing mesh must dry well and only after that the second leveling plaster layer is applied. It evens out well, and if it is planned to be coated with paint, it is brought to a smooth state with putty compounds.

If relief plaster is applied to the surface or decorative tiles are laid, then the ideal surface smoothness is not needed - a high-quality leveling is enough.

Insulation of walls of a balcony or loggia

The insulation of the inner walls, as well as the balcony, is carried out in the same way as the outer ones, but the balcony surfaces have their own characteristics when insulated.

The joints of the glued and fixed insulation must be closed with foil tape or walked over with polyurethane foam.

Further, when there are no cold bridges left, you can fix another layer of foil insulation on top and close the walls with clapboard or drywall. Another option is to apply finishing plaster directly on top of Penoplex.

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Video - An example of insulation of a balcony « Penoplex»

Roof insulation

The process of roof insulation takes place during the construction phase or during reconstruction.

1 - Plank sheathing.

2 - Lathing.

3 - Vapor barrier membrane.

4 - Penoplex.

5 - Rafter leg.

6 - Windproof film.

7 - counter lattice.

8 - Roof covering.

In the presented version, the entire “pie” is laid on a plank sheathing, fixed from the side of the attic, on which a vapor barrier membrane is laid.

1. "Penoplex" is mounted between the rafter legs. If there are gaps between these elements, then they must be filled with polyurethane foam.
2. Then the insulation layer is covered with a windproof film.
3. A counter-lattice is fixed on top of the rafters, on which the roofing material is laid.

When insulating an attic floor, "Penoplex" is placed between the beams on a plank sheathing, hemmed from the side of the premises of the house. "Pie" is made according to the same principle as roofing insulation, that is, vapor barrier, "Penoplex", waterproofing film, plank flooring of the attic floor.

Thermal insulation of a concrete floor

Due to its high density, this insulation can be glued to the concrete surface of the floor in an apartment, for example, under a laminate or parquet board.

An adhesive mass is applied to the cleaned and primed floor, on which Penoplex boards are glued with fastening grooves and spikes. This method will help not only insulate, but also soundproof the room, as well as level the floor surface.

Laying Penoplex slabs on the floor

Another option for floor insulation with "Penoplex" can be its installation between the logs fixed to the floor. This is how thermal insulation is performed when it is planned to lay a plank floor on top of it. a similar method is usually used in a private house, since in an apartment the ceiling height is limited to 2700 mm, and the floor insulation layer will reduce this parameter by another 80 ÷ 100 mm.

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Domestic analogues of the material

If "Penoplex" is a patented brand of insulation, then other analogues of such a material have been developed by Russian technologists on the basis of existing compositions.

Technoplex

This domestic insulation is designed for installation on any surfaces of a private house, and is also well suited for the "warm floor" system. "Technoplex" is produced by nanotechnology, using graphite, which is able to reduce the thermal conductivity of the insulation and increase the strength of the plates.

Technoplex packaging

This material, unlike Penoplex, has a gray-silver color, but meets all the necessary requirements for the first.

Technoplex is produced in the form of slabs with a thickness of 100, 50, 40, 30 and 20 mm. The slabs have butt grooves and spikes that allow them to be assembled into a single coating that has no gaps - this avoids the formation of cold bridges.

After installation of "Technoplex" on the surface to be insulated, it must be covered with decorative material, since ultraviolet rays are quite destructive for it.

« Polispen "

Another analogue of "Penoplex" is the domestic insulation "Polispen". This material is produced in three versions, which differ in technical characteristics - coefficient of thermal conductivity, compressive strength and flammability:

- "Polispen 45"

- "Polispen 35"

- "Polispen Standard"

The numbers included in the marking determine the density of the insulation - it is 45 kg / m³ and 35 kg / m³.

Polispen is also considered a worthy competitor to Penoplex

The complex of ingredients that make up the material includes fire retardants, which significantly reduce the combustibility of the insulation.

- "Polispen 35" is used for heat insulation and sound insulation of load-bearing walls of a building, as well as for internal partitions.

- "Polispen 45" is suitable for thermal insulation of floors in a house or garage, as well as for road surfaces subject to heavy loads - its density allows it to withstand them without problems.

- "Polispen Standard" is perfect for warming rooms where such quality as low combustibility is especially necessary - this is a "warm floor" system, garage floors, attic floors.

Plates are produced in thicknesses of 100, 80, 60, 50, 40, 30 and 20 mm, so you can choose from them the option that is suitable for a specific area of ​​insulation.

In conclusion, I would like to say that it is better to purchase heat-insulating material in specialized stores that are able to present a quality certificate for the products sold. Buying it in the "wild" markets, you can easily run into a fake. Therefore, you should not risk it, since, having saved a penny, you can later pay with your own health. And also - wherever the material is purchased, it is recommended to first conduct a quality test by buying one stove. On contact with open fire 0

What is penoplex, how is it produced, the main types and areas of use of the material, technical characteristics, pros and cons of insulation, selection rules, an overview of the best manufacturers and do-it-yourself installation technology.

Description and production of penoplex

Penoplex is an "improved version" of polystyrene derived from polystyrene. The first installation for the production of extruded polystyrene foam, which, in fact, is Penoplex, appeared in the United States more than 50 years ago. Today, this insulation is produced by companies around the world and in Russia as well.

The material is produced as follows: polystyrene granules are sent to a special chamber, where, under the influence of high temperature (130-140 degrees Celsius), they melt and foam using porophores. The latter are chemicals that, when heated, actively produce gas (nitrogen, carbon dioxide).

As a result of this effect, the substance turns into a fluffy foam, reminiscent of whipped cream. Various fillers can also be added to it. Most often, components such as fire retardants (reduce flammability), antioxidants (prevent thermal oxidation and rapid destruction during storage and operation), antistatics (relieve stress), as well as light stabilizers, modifiers and other substances are introduced into the penoplex.

The finished foam is squeezed out of the extruder and goes to the transport belt, where it is given the final shape of the plates, blocks. After the material has completely solidified, an air gap remains in it. It is evenly distributed throughout the entire thickness. Gases make up 98% of the total volume of the heat insulator. The other two are polystyrene and additives.

High-quality insulation penoplex has a homogeneous porous structure with small cells, the size of which does not exceed 0.1-0.3 millimeters. They are gas filled and insulated from each other. This structure guarantees the material excellent thermal insulation characteristics.

The main varieties of penoplex

Penoplex can be used as a heater in the construction of new buildings, as well as for thermal insulation of old ones. In addition, the versatile material can be applied to various surfaces and areas of the building.

At the same time, it is important to choose the right type of penoplex:

• Series K... This material is designed for roof and roof insulation. It is lightweight, waterproof and has a relatively low density - 28-33 kilograms per cubic meter. Can be used for pitched and flat roofs.
• Serie C... Wall insulation. Its density ranges from 25 to 35 kilograms per cubic meter. It is used to insulate external and internal walls.
• Series F... Heat insulator for foundations and basements. The material has special strength characteristics and high density - up to 37 kilograms per cubic meter. In addition, it is completely waterproof and bio-resistant.
• Comfort series... This is the most versatile type of penoplex. Density - from 25 to 35 kilograms per cubic meter. It is used to insulate city apartments, balconies, loggias.
• Penoplex "45"... This is the most durable type of heat insulator. The density of the foam in this series is 35-47 kg / m 3. It is used in the construction of roads, runways. Effectively protects against the damaging effects of low temperatures.

In addition, foam-plastic sandwich panels have recently appeared on the construction market. This is an improved insulation, which is often used to insulate attics and facades. The panel consists of two or three layers. On one or both sides, it is lined with cement-bonded particle board.

Penoplex technical characteristics

The insulation has characteristics that make it attractive for industrial and private low-rise construction. Consider them:

1. Thermal conductivity of penoplex... The value of this indicator is only 0.03 W * m * C. This is much lower than many other insulation materials. Even getting wet does not significantly reduce this indicator. In places where there is high humidity, the thermal conductivity of the penoplex increases only by 0.001-0.003 W * m * C.
2. Moisture resistance... The material can be used to insulate roofs, attics, foundations and floors due to its ability to practically not absorb water and not lose its properties when wet. In this case, the penoplex can also act as a moisture-protective layer. A lot of insulation tests were carried out, in particular, the material was immersed in water for a month. During the first 10 days, the heat insulator absorbed a small amount of liquid, after which it stopped. A month later, the amount of water in the penoplex slab was 0.6% of the volume. Thus, it was proved that moisture is able to fill only the outer cells of the material, damaged by breaking or cutting. There can be no water inside closed cells.
3. Vapor permeability... Like all other polystyrene derivatives, penoplex is highly resistant to water evaporation. A layer of insulation with a thickness of about two centimeters has a vapor permeability similar to a layer of roofing material.
4. Chemical activity... Insulation does not enter into a chemical reaction with most building mixtures and mortars. However, there is a group of substances that can disrupt the structure of the penoplex and even completely dissolve it. These chemicals include: benzene, toluene, xylene and other hydrocarbons, formaldehyde, formalin, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, various ethers, diesel fuel, kerosene, gasoline, coal tar, oil paints, polyesters, which are used as epoxy resin hardeners.
5. Resistance to mechanical stress... Even under high mechanical loads, the penoplex does not change its shape and size. Extrusion makes it possible to obtain a homogeneous material with tiny cells. This structure significantly improves the strength characteristics of the foam. Compressive strength at 10% linear deformation is 0.2-0.5 MPa.
6. Biological resistance... The heat insulator does not attract pests and microorganisms. Penoplex does not rot, does not decompose. However, many household rodents can easily damage the integrity of the slabs with sharp teeth, making passages and holes in the insulation.
7. Operating temperature range... To maintain its shape and properties, penoplex must be operated at certain temperatures. Typically, this operating range is indicated on the packaging with the material and depends on the density and grade. On average, this indicator ranges from -50 to + 75 degrees. With excessive heating, the insulation will melt and deform. With a sharp drop in temperature - to collapse.
8. Flammability... Penoplex can belong to a different class of fire safety (from G1 to G4), depending on the presence of fire retardants and other additives in the composition. In general, it is a combustible material that is capable of self-extinguishing, but when exposed to fire, it emits corrosive smoke.
9. Environmental friendliness... Modern production technologies have made it possible to abandon the use of freons and phenol in the production process of foam. Therefore, the composition of the material does not contain any harmful volatile compounds. Over time, the insulation does not begin to produce toxic components; it can safely isolate public institutions and residential buildings.
10. Lifetime... According to recent studies, with proper installation, penoplex can serve for at least 50 years without losing its qualities and properties.

Penoplex advantages

The benefits of penoplex are very diverse. They concern exclusively high quality plates from trusted manufacturers. The main advantages of insulation include:

• Excellent thermal conductivity... Penoplex boards can be used even in severe winters. They will reliably protect the home from cold penetration. In addition, repeated freezing and thawing cycles do not harm the material in any way.
• Light weight... The material is very light, which greatly simplifies transportation, storage and handling. In addition, even a weak foundation, floors and walls can withstand its weight.
• Ease of installation... It will not be difficult to install penoplex plates on your own, without resorting to the help of professional builders. At the same time, no special tools or expensive equipment are required. You can cut the material using a regular hacksaw.
• High environmental performance... You can work with penoplex plates without using personal protective equipment. They do not generate dust, do not emit harmful substances and do not irritate the skin if they come into contact with it.
• Low price... Penoplex is a relatively inexpensive material. On average, the cost of purchasing it pays off after three winters after installation.

Disadvantages of Penoplex

The disadvantages of penoplex are similar to those inherent in all other types of polystyrene insulation. Consider them:

1. Relatively low fire safety... Despite the assurances of penoplex manufacturers that modern material is practically non-flammable, it still remains quite fire hazardous. It is difficult to ignite insulation with fire retardants, but when exposed to open fire, it will melt and smoke.
2. Low vapor permeability... Under certain unfavorable conditions and improper installation, this property can become negative in penoplex. In particular, for this reason, it is not recommended to insulate the walls from the inside of the room in order to avoid the appearance of condensation and the spread of harmful microorganisms. It is also important to ensure good ventilation in buildings insulated with this material, since the natural process of air exchange will be disrupted.
3. UV instability... Being under the open rays of the sun, the penoplex will collapse. Therefore, immediately after installation on external walls and façades, it must be protected with finishing.
4. Poor adhesion... Penoplex has a smooth surface, unlike polystyrene, so it can be problematic to attach it to walls and ceilings - it does not adhere well to surfaces. For this reason, the installation must be carried out using additional fasteners. This is especially true of penoplex with a sheet thickness of 40 millimeters.

Penoplex selection criteria

In order for the insulation to serve for a long time and not lose its properties, it is necessary to choose from a huge variety of products and manufacturers of high quality penoplex. It is also important to choose the material specifically for your needs.

• Consider the brand and series of heat insulator when choosing it for your purposes. Also, pay attention to the size of the penoplex. Large stoves will be inconvenient to work in small spaces. You should also not buy material with a density below 25. It will not provide decent thermal insulation.
• Please note that penoplex with a density below 25 kilograms per cubic meter should be in doubt. A quality material produced using the extrusion method cannot be too loose. Otherwise, in front of you is foam.
• Study the technical characteristics of the penoplex indicated on the package. If you do not trust the manufacturer, then you can independently weigh the material in order to determine its density and conformity to the declared one.
• Break off a piece of material from the edge. Extruded foam will give a break with an abundance of regular polyhedrons, but not round balls. The fault line must pass through the cells as well.

Price and manufacturers of penoplex

Leading European companies such as BASF, Polimeri Europa, Nova Chemicals, Styrochem are considered the best manufacturers of this insulation material.

Recently, a large number of brands have appeared on the Russian market under which Penoplex is produced. Companies such as Penoplex and Technonikol deserve attention. Their production capacity is quite high, which makes it possible to produce materials of excellent quality.

The price of penoplex varies depending on the thickness, density and series. Here are some approximate data:

• A 20 mm thick penoplex sheet costs about 60-70 rubles.
• A material with a thickness of 30 millimeters will cost 100-110 rubles per sheet.
• The cost of a sheet with a thickness of 40 millimeters is in the range of 140-150 rubles.
• The price of a 50 mm sheet of penoplex is 170-180 rubles.
• A sheet with a thickness of 60 millimeters has a cost of about 180-190 rubles.
• 100 mm sheets are in the range of 300-350 rubles.

Brief instructions for installing penoplex

This insulation can be mounted on floors of various designs, walls of any materials. The technology for installing foam is quite simple and is no different from fixing foam or expanded polystyrene sheets.

If you are insulating the floor, then it is enough to spread the sheets on the leveled surface in a ragged way. Fill the joints with polyurethane foam.

To insulate walls, follow these instructions:

1. First of all, we prepare the surface - we clean it of old plaster, paint, dirt, dust.
2. We cover the wall with an antifungal primer.
3. We level the surface in the presence of deformations, pits, bumps. At the end of the procedure, we again treat it with a primer.
4. If you are insulating the facade or external walls, then along the broken line at the bottom we install an L-shaped profile. It will be a support for the lower foam boards.
5. We begin the installation of the first row from the bottom. Apply adhesive to the slab and press it firmly against the wall.
6. The installation is carried out according to the brickwork principle, leaving no gaps.
7. After you finish installing the plates on the glue, wait until the composition is completely dry.
8. We begin to mount the material on dowels with a mushroom-shaped head and plastic nails.
9. Please note that the caps should be recessed into the penoplex, and not protrude above the surface.
10. After that, we reinforce the walls using a special mesh and corners.
11. Cover the reinforcing mesh with a layer of plaster. After it is completely dry, you can start decorating the walls.

Watch a video review of Penoplex:

Penoplex is an inexpensive and practical material that has a number of significant advantages. It can be used to insulate various residential and non-residential buildings. In addition, it can be used to create a soundproofing and vapor barrier layer. And the installation process is simple and for beginners.