A brief biography of Mayakovsky. Essay on the topic: Creativity of Mayakovsky The main topics of the early creativity of Mayakovsky

No other works of Russian poets are so replete with irony and ridicule as the work of Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky. Unusually Ortre, Zlokodnyne and mainly socially sent.

Biographical reference

Motherland was Georgia. It was there, in the village of Baghdada, and was born on July 17, 1893 the future poet. In 1906, after the death of his father, moved to Moscow with his mother and sisters. For an active political position, several times goes to prison. Ends in the student years, the futuristic path of Mayakovsky begins. Satira - along with shocking and bravada - becomes a distinctive feature of his poetry.

However, futurism with his nihilistic protest could not fully accommodate the power of the writer of Mayakovsky, and the theme of his poems quickly began to go beyond the elected direction. More and more people were heard in them social subtext. The pre-revolutionary period in Mayakovsky's poetry has two pronounced areas: the integrity-satirical, opening all the disadvantages and malformations, for which the terrible reality destroys a person who embodies the ideal of democracy and humanism.

Thus, satire in the work of Mayakovsky in the earliest stages of creativity became a distinctive feature of the poet among the comrades in the literary workshop.

What is futurism?

The word "futurism" is formed from Latin Futurum, meaning "future". This is called the avant-garde direction of the beginning of the 20th century, which is distinguished by the denying past achievements and the desire to create something radically new in art.

Features of futurism:

Anarchicity and rebellion.
Denial of cultural heritage.
Cultivation of progress and industry.
Puff and pathos.
Decitment of established vehicles.
Experiments in the field of poems with rhythm, rhythm, orientation of slogans.
Creating new words.

All these principles are not better reflected in Mayakovsky's poetry. Satira is organically poured into these innovations and creates a unique style inherent in the poet.

What is satire?

Satira is a method of artistic description of reality, the task of which is in chitting, ridiculous, an impartial criticism of public phenomena. Satira most often uses hyperbole and grotesque to create a distorted conditional image that personifies the unsightly side of reality. Its main characteristic feature is a pronounced negative attitude to the depicted.

The aesthetic orientation of satire is the cultivation of the main humanistic values: kindness, justice, truth, beauty.

In Russian literature, Satira has a deep story, the roots can be found already in folklore, later she moved to the pages of books thanks to A. P. Sumarokow, D. I. Fonvizin and many others. In the 20th century, the Satira of Mayakovsky in poetry does not know equal.

Satire in verse

Already in the early stages of creativity, Vladimir Mayakovsky collaborated with the magazines "New Satirikon" and "Satirikon". Satira of this period has a raid of romanticism and directed against the bourgeoisie. The early poems of the poet often compare with Lermontovsky due to opposition to the author's "I" to the surrounding society, because of the pronounced rope of loneliness. Although the Mayakovsky satire is clearly present in them. Poems are close to futuristic attitudes, very distinctive. Among these can be called: "NATE!", "Hymn scientist", "Anthem Judge", "Hymn dinner", etc. Already in the names of works, it is especially true of "hymns", hear irony.

The post-revolutionary creativity of Mayakovsky sharply changes its focus. Now his heroes are not fed bourgeois, but the enemies of the revolution. The poems are complemented by slogans and reflecting the surrounding changes. Here the poet showed himself as an artist, as many works consisted of verse and drawing. These posters entered the "Growth window" series. Their characters are irresponsible peasants and workers, whitvents and bourgeois. Many posters are denounced the vices of modernity, which remained from the past life, as the post-revolutionary society seems to be a Mayakovsky ideal, and all the bad things in it are the remnants of the past.

Among the most famous works where the Mayakovsky Satira reaches its apogee is the poems "proseted", "On Dryani" "The poem about the meat, about the Baba and about the All-Russian scale." The poet uses grotesque to create absurd situations and often performs from the position of the mind and sound understanding of reality. The whole strength of Mayakovsky's satire is aimed at exposing the shortcomings and uglities of the surrounding world.

Satire in Pieces

Satira in the work of Mayakovsky is not limited to poems, it manifested itself in the plays, becoming a sense-forming center for them. The most famous of them are "bug" and "bath."

The play "Banya" was written in 1930, and since the definition of her genre begins the author's irony: "Drama in six actions with a circus and fireworks." Its conflict is in the confrontation of the official of the victory and the inventor Chudakov. In itself, the work is perceived easily and funny, but it shows the struggle with a meaningless and ruthless bureaucratic machine. The conflict of the play is permitted very simply: "Phosphoric woman" arrives from the future and takes the best representatives of humanity with them, where communism reigns, and the bureaucrats remain with anything.

The play "Klop" was written in 1929, and on its pages, Mayakovsky leads war with meshism. The main character, Pierre Skripkin, after the failed marriage, miraculously falls into the communist future. It is impossible to clearly understand the attitude towards this world of Mayakovsky. Satira Poet mercilessly ridicules its shortcomings: the work is performed by cars, love is eradicated ... Skripkin seems here the most alive and real person here. Under his influence, the society gradually begins to collapse.

Output

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky becomes a worthy successor of the traditions of M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin and N. V. Gogol. In verses and plays, he managed to designate all the "ulcers" and the disadvantages of the modern writer of society. Satira in the works of Mayakovsky carries a pronounced focus on combating bourgeoisy, bourgeoisie, bureaucracy, absurdness of the world and its laws.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky struck the autobiographical narration " I am myself":" I am a poet. This is interesting. About this and write. " His poetic word was always focused on a creative experiment, to innovation, aspiration for the future world and future art. He always wanted to be heard, so I had to hurt a lot, how to scream in the full throat; In this sense, the name of the unfinished poem " In a loud voice»May characterize all the work of Mayakovsky.

Aspiration to the future was expressed at the very beginning of the road: in 1912, he, together with the poets D. Burlyuk, V. Klebnikov and A. Klychey, signs the manifesto "Social Picture of Public Observation". Futuristic worldview is left for his life: it is the generalization of the future, its immense idealization and the idea that it is much more valuable for the present and the past; This is "aspiration to the extreme, limit," as it characterized such a globility of N. Berdyaev; This is a radical denying of modern life oblivions, which are thinking as bourgeois, Pepping as the most important goal of a poetic word. Software works of this period of Mayakovsky's work - the tragedy of the twentieth year poet " Vladimir Mayakovsky", Put in St. Petersburg and failed, poem" Could you?"And the poem" A cloud in pants"(1915). Its leitmotif is the word "one", expressing the feature of the poet: the extreme revolutionality and the need for the root reorganization of the world order as a whole - a line, which led Mayakovsky to Futurism in poetry and to the Bolsheviks in politics. In the same year, the poem is created " Flute-spine" Her plot was the beginning of dramatic and even tragic relationships with a woman who passed through the whole life of Mayakovsky and playing a very ambiguous role in her, Lily Bric.

After the Revolution, Mayakovsky feels like her by a poet, takes her completely and uncompromisingly. The task of art is in serving it, in the attachment of practical benefits. Practition and even utilitarianism of the poetic word is one of the fundamental axioms of futurism, and then the LEFA, the literary group, who adopted on practical development, all fundamental futuristic ideas. It is with a utilitarian attitude to poetry that the agitation work of Mayakovsky in growth, which produced the "Satira windows" - topical leaflets posters with rhymed lines to them. The basic principles of futuristic aesthetics were reflected in the post-revolutionary software poems: " Our march"(1917)," Left march"And" Army order"(1918). The theme of love - the poetic verses sounds the topic of love - poems Love"(1922); " About it"(1923), although the giantism and excessive hyperbolization characteristic and excessive hyperbolization are manifested here, the desire to prevent itself with exceptional and impracticable requirements for their love.

In the second half of the 20s, Mayakovsky increasingly feels like an official poet, plenty of not only Russian poetry, but also the Soviet state and at home, and abroad. A peculiar lyrical plot of his poetry is the situation of travel abroad and a clash with representatives of alien, bourgeois, peace (" Poems about the Soviet passport", 1929; cycle " Poems about America", 1925). A kind of motto "Poland Verse" can be considered its lines: "Soviet / own pride: / on bourgeois / look down."

At the same time, in the second half of the 20s, a note of frustration in Revolutionary ideals is beginning to sound in the work of Mayakovsky, or rather, what real incarnation they found in Soviet reality. This somewhat changes the problems of his lyrics. The volume of satire increases, its object changes: it is no longer a counter-revolution, and its own, home-grown, party bureaucracy, "Murlo Murzhanina", caring from the back of the RSFSR. The ranks of this bureaucracy are replenished by people who have passed the civil war, tested in battles, reliable parties who have not found their strength to resist the sovereigns of the nomenclature life, the pretters of NEP, who survived the so-called rebirth. Similar motifs are heard not only in lyrics, but also in drama (comedy " Bug", 1928, and" Banya", 1929). As an ideal, no excellent socialist future is nominated, but the revolutionary past, the goals and meaning of which are distorted by the present. It is this understanding of the past characterized by the poem " Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"(1924) and the Oktyabrskaya poem" Okay"(1927), written by the Decade of the Revolution and facing the ideals of October.

So, we looked at the work of Mayakovsky briefly. There was no poet on April 14, 1930. The cause of his tragic death, suicide, appeared, probably, a whole complex of unsolvable contradictions both creative and deeply personal plan.

The writing

The work of Mayakovsky and to this day remains an outstanding artistic achievement of Russian poetry. XX Art. His works are not devoid of ideological distillations and propaganda rhetoric, but they cannot cross the objective significance and scale of the artistic talent of Mayakovsky, the reformity essence of its poetic experiments, which for contemporaries, and for the descendants of the poet were associated with a revolution in art.

Mayakovsky was born in Georgia, where his childhood passed. After the death of the Father in 1906, the family moved to Moscow, where Mayakovsky joined the 4th grade of the fifth Moscow gymnasium. In 1908 he was expelled from there, and in the month of Mayakovsky, police arrested in the underground printing house of the Moscow Committee of the RSDLP. Over the next year, he was twice twice. In 1910-1911, Mayakovsky was engaged in the studio of the artist P. Kelin, and then he studied in the School of Painting, met the artist and poet D. Burlyuk, under the influence of the avant-garde aesthetic tastes of Mayakovsky.

The first verses Mayakovsky wrote in 1909 in the prison, to which he got through the connection with the underground revolutionary organizations. The poet-debutant poems were written in a rather traditional manner, which imitated poetry of Russian symbolists, and M. himself immediately refused them. This poetic baptism for M. was his acquaintance in 1911 with futurist poets. In 1912, M., together with other futurists, issued an almanac "Social taste" ("Society to public taste"), signed by D. Burlyuk, O. Klychey and V. Mayakovsky. With verses of Mayakovsky "Night" ("Night") and "Morning" ("Morning"), in which the gap with the traditions of Russian classics proclaimed in the outcasting manner, called for the creation of a new language and literature, such that would meet the spirit of modern " Machines »Civilization and the tasks of the revolutionary transformation of the world. The practical embodiment of Futuristic Abstracts declared by Mayakovsky in the Almanac of futuristic abstracts in the St. Petersburg Theater "Luna Park" in 1913 of his poetic tragedy "Vladimir M." ("Vladimir M."). Personally, the author acted as director and the executor of the main role - the poet who suffers in a modern city hated by him, which cripples the souls of people who, although choosing the poet with their prince, but are not able to appreciate the victim. In 1913, Mayakovsky, together with other futurists, carried out a large tour of the cities of the USSR: Simferopol, Sevastopol, Kerch, Odessa, Chisinau, Nikolaev, Kiev, Minsk, Kazan, Penza, Rostov, Saratov, Tiflis, Baku. The artistic interpretation of the program of new art Futurists was not limited and tried to introduce their slogans from their lives practically, in particular even clothes and behavior. Their poetic performances, visiting the coffee shop or even the usual walk around the city were often accompanied by scandals, scraps, police intervention.

Under the sign of hobbies by futuristic slogans of the restructuring of peace and art is all the work of M. The pre-revolutionary period, it characterizes the pathos of the objection of the bourgeois reality, which, according to the poet, manifests man, the awareness of the tragedy of the human existence in the world of accommodation, calls for the revolutionary renewal of the world: poems " Peklo city "(" Adash City ", 1913)," NATE! " ("NATE!", 1913), Collection "I" (1913), the poems "Cloud in the pants" ("Cloud in the pants", 1915), "Flute-Spine" ("Flute-Spine", 1915), "War And the world "(" War and Peace ", 1916)," Man "(" Man ", 1916) and others. The poet sharply objected the first world war, which was characterized as a senseless bloody slaughter: Article" Civil Shrapnel "(civilian shrapnel 1914), verse "War is declared" ("War is announced", 1914), ("Mom and the Germans killed", 1914) and others. With a sarcastic irony, the poet refers to the hypocritical world of bureaucrats, careerists who discredit honest work, clean conscience and high art: ("Anthem Judge", 1915), "Hymn Scientist", ("Hymn Scientist", 1915), "Hymn Khabar" ("Hymn Bribe", 1915), etc.

The peak of the pre-revolutionary creativity of Mayakovsky is the poem "Cloud in the pants", which became a kind of programmatic product of the poet, in which he most clearly and expressively outlined its ideological and aesthetic installations. In the poet that the poet himself called "Catechism of Contemporary Art", proclaimed and fastened four slogans: "Away your love", "away your order", "away your art", "away your religion" - "Four screams of four Parts. " The cross-cutting leitmotif through the whole poem is the image of a person who suffers from the incompleteness and the hypocrisy of being, which surrounds it, which protests and seeks to real human happiness. The initial name of the poem is the "thirteenth apostle" - was crossed by censorship, but it was it more deeply and accurately conveys the main pathos of this work and the entire early creativity of Mayakovsky. The apostle is the teachings of Christ, it is designed to introduce his teachings from life, but in M. This image is quickly approaching that will appear later in the famous Poem O. Blok "Twelve". Twelve is the traditional number of nearest students of Christ and the appearance in this number of thirteenth, "extra" biblical canons, the apostle is perceived as a challenge to traditional universe, as an alternative model of a new worldview. The Thirteenth Apostle Mayakovsky is the symbol of revolutionary update of life, to which the poet, and at the same time, is able to convey the real scale of the poetic phenomenon of the Speaker of the New World - Mayakovsky.

The then Poetry of Mayakovsky gives rise to not just separate nonlasses and the shortcomings of modern society, it generates the very possibility of its existence, the fundamental principles of its existence, acquires the scale of the space rebellion, in which the poet feels equal to God. Therefore, in his desires, the antiboriality of the lyrical hero of Mayakovsky was emphasized. It reached maximum clutch, so that it would seem to give "social taste", demanded that the hairdresser "hairstyo he" ("Nothing understood ..."), becomes squatting and dogs in a dog ("That's how I am Got a dog ... ") And with the challenge declares:" I love to watch children die ... "(" I "), throws away at the time of the speech:" I will save and joyfully plush, I spit in my face .. . "(" NATE! "). Together with a high height and loud voice of Mayakovsky, all this created a unique image of a fighter poet, the apostle-precursor of the new world. "The Poetics of the Early Mayakovsky," writes O. Butchestnik, is the poetics of the Grand.

In his poetry of those years, everything is extremely intense. His lyrical hero feels capable and obligated to decide not only the tasks of the reorganization of his own soul, and the whole of humanity, the task is not only earthly, and the space. Hyperbolization and complex metaphorization are characteristic features of the style of early Mayakovsky. The lyrical hero of the early Mayakovsky feels extremely uncomfortable in the bourgeois-bourgeois. He hates and neglects everyone who bothers a person from the capital letter to live in human. The problem of humanism is one of the central problems of early Mayakovsky.

The brilliant works of Vladimir Mayakovsky cause a true admiration of the millions of his admirers. He deservedly refers to the number of the greatest feturist poets of the 20th century. In addition, Mayakovsky showed himself an extraordinary playwright, satyrik, film director, a screenwriter, an artist, as well as the editor of several magazines. His life, multifaceted creativity, as well as complete love and experiences of personal relationships and today remain not until the end of the solid secret.

A talented poet was born in the small Georgian village of Bagdati (Russian Empire). His mother Alexander Alekseevna belonged to the Cossack clan from Kuban, and Father Vladimir Konstantinovich worked with simple forester. Vladimir had two brothers - Kostya and Sasha, who died back in childhood, as well as two sisters - Olya and Luda.

Mayakovsky perfectly knew the Georgian language and since 1902 he studied at the gymnasium of Kutaisi. Already in his youth, he was captured by revolutionary ideas, and, while studying in the gymnasium, he participated in the revolutionary demonstration.

In 1906, the father died suddenly. The cause of death was to infect blood, which occurred as a result of a finger thumb with an ordinary needle. This event was so shocked by Mayakovsky that in the future he completely avoided the hairpins and pins, fearing the fate of his father.

In the same 1906, Alexander Alekseevna moved to Moscow with children. Vladimir continued his training in the fifth classical gymnasium, where he visited classes together with the brother of the poet - Alexander. However, with the death of the father, the financial situation of the family deteriorated significantly. As a result, in 1908, Vladimir could not pay for his training, and expelled it from the fifth grade of the gymnasium.

Creation

In Moscow, a young guy began to communicate with students who are fond of revolutionary ideas. In 1908, Mayakovsky decided to become a member of the RSDLP and often promoted among the population. During the 1908-1909, Vladimir were arrested three times, but due to the minority and the lack of evidence were forced to let go of freedom.

During investigations, Mayakovsky could not calmly be in four walls. Through constant scandals, it was often translated into different places of detention. As a result, he was in a Butyrsa prison, where he held eleven months and began to write poems.

In 1910, the young poet came out of the conclusion and immediately left the party. The following year, the artist Yevgeny Lang, with which Vladimir was in friendly relations, recommended that he was painting. During training in the School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, he met the founders of the group of futurists "Gilea" and joined the Cubefuturists.

The first work of Mayakovsky, which was printed, was the poem "Night" (1912). At the same time, the young poet first publicly performed in the artistic basement, which was called the "stray dog."

Vladimir, together with the members of the group of Cubefuturists, participated in the tour in Russia, where he lectured and his poems. Soon there were positive reviews about Mayakovsky, but he was often considered out of futurists. It believed that among Futurists Mayakovsky was the only real poet.

The first compilation of the young poet "I" was published in 1913 and consisted of only four poems. This year also accounts for writing the Bunlet poem "NATE!", In which the author challenges the entire bourgeois society. Next year, Vladimir has created a touching poem "Listen", struck readers with your painfulness and sensitivity.

Attracted a brilliant poet and dramaturgy. 1914 was marked by the creation of a tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky", submitted to the public on the stage of the St. Petersburg Theater "Luna Park". At the same time, Vladimir spoke her director, as well as the leading role. The main motive of the work was the rebellion of things that connected the tragedy with the work of futurists.

In 1914, the young poet firmly decided to voluntarily sign up to the army, but his political unreliability frightened government representatives. He did not hit the front and in response to neglect wrote a poem "to you", in which he gave his assessment of the royal army. In addition, the brilliant works of Mayakovsky - "Cloud in the pants" and "War declared" appeared soon.

The following year, a fateful meeting of Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich and his family briquette took place. From now on, his life was one of the whole with Lily and Osip. From 1915 to 1917, thanks to the protection of M. Gorky poet served in the automotive school. And although he, being a soldier, did not have the right to be printed, Osip Bric came to his aid. He acquired two poems of Vladimir and soon published them.

At the same time, Mayakovsky plunged into the world of satire and in 1915 printed a cycle of "Hymn" in the "New Satirone". Soon there are two major collections of works - "simple as a washed" (1916) and "Revolution. Pootakhronik "(1917).

The Oktyabrskaya Revolution The Great Poet met at the headquarters of the uprising in Smolny. He immediately began to cooperate with the new government and participated in the first collections of cultural figures. It should be noted that Mayakovsky was headed by a squad of a soldier who arrested General P. Secretayev who headed the automotive school, although earlier from his hands received the medal "For diligence".

1917-1918 were noted by the release of several works of Mayakovsky dedicated to revolutionary events (for example, "Ode Revolution", "Our March"). The first anniversary of the revolution was presented with a play Miscellaneous Buff.

He was fond of Mayakovsky and a film. In 1919, three film vehicles were published in the world, in which Vladimir made an actor, screenwriter and director. At the same time, the poet began to cooperate with growth and worked on agitational and satirical posters. Parallel Mayakovsky worked in the newspaper "The Art of the Commune".

In addition, in 1918, the poet created the group "Compt", the direction of which can be described as communist futurism. But in 1923, Vladimir organizes another group - "Left Front of Arts", as well as the corresponding Log "Lef".

At this time, there is a creation of several bright and memorable works of the genius poet: "About it" (1923), "Sevastopol - Yalta" (1924), "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1924). We emphasize that while reading the last poem in the Bolshoi Theater attended himself. After the performance of Mayakovsky, the ovation was followed, which lasted 20 minutes. In general, it was all years of civil war for Vladimir the best time, what he mentioned in the poem "Good!" (1927).

No less important and saturated was for the Mayakovsky period of frequent travel. During 1922-1924, he visited France, Latvia and Germany, which devoted several works. In 1925, Vladimir went to America, visiting Mexico City, Havana and many US cities.

The beginning of the 20s was noted by a stormy controversy between Vladimir Mayakovsky and. The latter at that time joined the immudyists - the irreconcilable opponents of futurists. In addition, Mayakovsky was a poet of revolution and the city, and Yesenin in his work exceeded the village.

However, Vladimir could not not recognize the unconditional talent of his opponent, although it criticized him for conservatism and addiction to alcohol. In a sense, they were relative souls - quick-tempered, wounded, in constant search and despair. They were united even the topic of suicide, which was present in the work of both poets.

During the 1926-1927, Mayakovsky created 9 kinoszenarians. In addition, in 1927 the poet resumed the activities of the LEF magazine. But a year later he left the magazine and the relevant organization, finally disappointed in them. In 1929, Vladimir bases the Ref Group, but next year it comes out of her and becomes a member of the "RAPP".

At the end of the 20s, Mayakovsky appeals to the drama. He prepares two plays: "Klop" (1928) and "Banya" (1929), designed specifically for the theater scene of Meyerhold. They produced a satirical supply of reality of the 20s with a look into the future.

Meyerhold compared Mayakovsky talent with the genius of Moliere, but critics met his new works crushing comments. In the "bedpie" they found only artistic flaws, but even accusations of ideological character were nominated to Bana. In many newspapers, extremely offensive articles were posted, and some of them had headlines "Down Lightovo!"

The fateful 1930 began for the greatest poet with numerous accusations of colleagues. Mayakovsky stated that he was not a true "proletarian writer", and just a "companion". But despite criticism, in the spring of that year, Vladimir decided to summarize his activities, for which he organized an exhibition called "20 years of work".

The exhibition displaced all the multifaceted achievements of Mayakovsky, but brought solid disappointment. She was not visited by the former colleagues of the poet on LEFU, nor the Higher Party Guide. It was a cruel blow, after which a deep wound remained in the soul of the poet.

Death

In 1930, Vladimir sick a lot and even feared to lose his voice, which would put an end to his speeches on stage. Personal life of the poet has become unsuccessful struggle for happiness. He was very alone, because Brick is his constant support and consolation, left abroad.

Attacks from all sides lay on Mayakovsky severe moral cargo, and the wounding soul of the poet could not stand. On April 14, Vladimir Mayakovsky fired himself in the chest, which was the cause of his death.

Mogila Vladimir Mayakovsky

After the death of Mayakovsky, his work fell under the unlawful ban and almost not published. In 1936, Lilya BRIC wrote a letter to I. Stalin with a request to assist in keeping the memory of a great poet. In his resolution, Stalin highly appreciated the achievements of the deceased and gave permission to publish the works of Mayakovsky and the creation of the museum.

Personal life

Lyukovsky's love of the whole life was Lily Bric, the meeting was held in 1915. At that time, the young poet met with her sister - Elsa Treole, and once the girl led Vladimir in the brik apartment. There Mayakovsky first read the poem "Cloud in pants", and then solemnly dedicated her lile. It is not surprising, but the sample of the heroine of this poem was the sculptor Maria Denisov, in which the poet fell in love with 1914.

Soon the novel broke out between Vladimir and Lily, while Osip BRIC closed his eyes to passing his wife. Lilya became the Mayakovsky Museum, it was she devoted to almost all his verses of love. He expressed the boundless depth of his feelings to Bric in the following works: "Flute-spine", "Man", "To All", "Lelichka!" and etc.

Loves together participated in the filming films "Charked by the film" (1918). Moreover, since 1918, Brick and the Great Poet began to live together, which fully fit into an existing marriage-love concept at that time. They changed their place of residence several times, but each time they settled together. Often, Mayakovsky even contained a family of briks, and from all trips abroad necessarily brought lily luxury gifts (for example, the Renault car).

Despite the infinite attachment of the poet to Lelichk, there were other beloved in his life, even the children gave him. In 1920, Mayakovsky had a close relationship with the artist Lily Lavinskaya, who presented him with the son of Gleb-Nikitu (1921-1986).

1926 marked another fateful meeting. Vladimir met Ellie Jones - an emigrant from Russia, who gave him the daughter of Elena-Patricia (1926-2016). Also, a mimoletic relationship was associated with the poet with Sofia Shamardina and Natalia Brojanhenko.

In addition, in Paris, an outstanding poet met with an emigration of Tatiana Yakovleva. The feelings broke out between them gradually fastened and promised to turn into something serious and long. Mayakovsky wanted Yakovleva to come to Moscow, but she refused. Then in 1929, Vladimir decided to go to Tatiana, however, problems with obtaining a visa became an irresistible obstacle.

Last love Vladimir Mayakovsky was a young and married actress Veronica Polonskaya. The poet demanded from a 21-year-old girl to quit her husband, but Veronica was not solved on such serious changes in life, because the 36-year-old Mayakovsky seemed to be contradictory, impulsive and non-permanent.

Difficulties in relationships with a young beloved pushed Mayakovsky to the fatal step. She was the last one who saw Vladimir before his death and gladly asked her not to go to the planned rehearsal. Did not have time to close the girl's door, as the fatal shot sounded. Polonskaya did not dare to come to the funeral, because the relatives of the poet considered it a guilty in the death of a native person.

Vladimir Mayakovsky is a poet who fell into an ideal era for himself. His rebellious and pesting nature, as well as contradictive poetry with a broken line, expressed the time of great change. He was completely given to the device of a new society, saw his goal in it. Mayakovsky engaged in public activities no less, and sometimes even more than poetry. However, he chased eternal values \u200b\u200bin his poems.

One of these eternal themes in the works of Mayakovsky is a poet and poetry. For example, in the poem "NATE!" The poet acts as an antagonist towards the full and stupid crowd ("the" priceless ILO and Transzhir "words appears before the" Foreign Sign ", which" looks at the oyster from the shell of things "). The Creator sees his purpose in creating a new poetry, which does not yet find an understanding, but there is a future behind it. The topic of the immortality of creativity is reflected in the poem "Cheap Sale". The poet says: "Me, today's red, professors will die to the last yot."

The topic of love in the work of Mayakovsky also finds its reflection. "Lilichka!" "This is an excited monologue, which finds a response in the heart of everyone, because everyone had love -" heavy girome ", everyone experienced a condition that" soul flowering love burned. " Passion is incredible strength, it absorbs and overshadows all other feelings. A more optimistic message in is observed in the poem "Letter to Tatiana Yakovlev". There lovers share the distance, but they do not decrease their feelings, and hope does not dry out, because it is impossible to lose a woman who is "one growing in short." That's why the poet claims: "I still will ever take you - one or together with Paris." The main topics of Mayakovsky lyrics are passion and despair, intertwined together as a dangerous African ivy, which is even the biggest and strongest trees.

Thus, the poet, despite all his innovation, remains faithful eternal values, he highly puts creativity, love, inspiration. He is sure that if something is given, then bursting, then without a rest. So he lived: he burned, and did not exist, so he was disappointed in public activity, in love, in creativity. V.V. Mayakovsky flew like meteor, UGAS and could not light up again, which is why he did not find another path except suicide. But this multifaceted Creator did not enter, and broke into the pleiad of the outstanding Masters of the syllable.

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